TY - JOUR. T1 - Alterations in cyclic AMP generation and G protein subunits following transient ischemia in gerbil hippocampus. AU - Suyama, Kazuhiko. AU - Saito, Kuniaki. AU - Chen, Guang. AU - Pan, Bai Shen. AU - Manji, Husseini K.. AU - Potter, William Z.. PY - 1995. Y1 - 1995. N2 - We examined alterations in the cyclic AMP generating system and G protein subunits in gerbil hippocampus following 10 min of transient ischemia. In hippocampal slices, basal and isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulations were markedly increased at 6 and 24 h after ischemia. Interestingly, both the inhibition of forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP and the potentiation of β-adrenoceptor-stimulated cyclic AMP by a γ-aminobutyric acid(B) receptor agonist were attenuated at these time points. Ischemia did not affect the immunolabeling of any of the G protein α subunits; only that of β subunits was significantly decreased, by 28.2%, 4 days after ischemia. In contrast, pertussis toxin-catalyzed ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Multiple reversible episodes of subcortical ischemia following postcoital middle cerebral artery dissection. AU - Prabhakaran, Shyam. AU - Krakauer, John W.. PY - 2006/6/20. Y1 - 2006/6/20. N2 - Background: Subcortical transient ischemic attacks are usually seen in individuals with small-vessel disease. They are often refractory to medical treatment and progress to infarction in many cases. Patient: We describe a young man with an unusual and protracted case of recurrent capsular ischemia due to post-coital middle cerebral artery dissection. Conclusion: Spontaneous middle cerebral artery dissection should be considered in young patients presenting with subcortical transient ischemic attacks.. AB - Background: Subcortical transient ischemic attacks are usually seen in individuals with small-vessel disease. They are often refractory to medical treatment and progress to infarction in many cases. Patient: We describe a young man with an unusual and protracted case of recurrent ...

BACKGROUND: Previous studies conducted between 1997 and 2003 estimated that the risk of stroke or an acute coronary syndrome was 12 to 20% during the first 3 months after a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke. The TIAregistry.org project was designed to describe the contemporary profile, etiologic factors, and outcomes in patients with a TIA or minor ischemic stroke who receive care in health systems that now offer urgent evaluation by stroke specialists. METHODS: We recruited patients who had had a TIA or minor stroke within the previous 7 days. Sites were selected if they had systems dedicated to urgent evaluation of patients with TIA. We estimated the 1-year risk of stroke and of the composite outcome of stroke, an acute coronary syndrome, or death from cardiovascular causes. We also examined the association of the ABCD(2) score for the risk of stroke (range, 0 [lowest risk] to 7 [highest risk]), findings on brain imaging, and cause of TIA or minor stroke with the risk of recurrent stroke

From 1979-85, 2435 patients with a transient ischaemic attack or minor ischaemic stroke were randomly allocated to receive long term blind treatment with aspirin 600 mg twice daily (n = 815), aspirin 300 mg once daily (n = 806) or placebo (n = 814). No patient was lost to follow up. The intention to treat comparison included all the serious vascular events and deaths which occurred before the end of the follow up period on 30 September 1986. There was no difference in efficacy between the 300 mg and 1200 mg daily doses of aspirin, but the lower dose was undoubtedly less gastrotoxic. Also, there was no definite difference in the response of males and females to aspirin. The odds of suffering a major stroke, myocardial infarction or vascular death were 15% less in the combined aspirin groups compared with the placebo group (95% confidence interval 29% reduction to 3% increase in odds) which is compatible with the continuing overview of all the similar trials of antiplatelet drugs where the ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Many patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke present to medical attention after a delay of several days or weeks, at which time it may be more difficult to obtain a clear history and clinical signs may have resolved. Because ischemic lesions on diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) often persist for several weeks, we hypothesized that adding DWI to a standard protocol with T2-weighted imaging might be useful in the management of patients presenting late. METHODS: We studied consecutive patients with TIA or minor stroke presenting | or =3 days after the event. Two independent observers recorded the presence or absence of recent ischemic lesions on 2 different occasions, first with the T2 scan only, and second with T2 and DWI. Each time, with the aid of a written clinical summary, the observers recorded their diagnosis and proposed management. RESULTS: 300 patients (159 men) were scanned at a median of 17 (interquartile range=10 to 23) days after symptom onset. DWI

Precise use of categorical terms and definitions is mandatory in discussing the use of anticoagulants in treating occlusive cerebrovascular disease. The components of the temporal profile of the disease are described.. Six reports have appeared which describe the results of anticagulant therapy in transient cerebral ischemic attacks. From these six studies it is concluded that anticoagulant therapy significantly decreased the risk of cerebral infarction in patients who had attacks of transient focal cerebral ischemia.. In the few carefully performed investigations of the use of anticoagulant for acute progressing stroke the evidence points to the lack of progression in patients receiving treatment when compared to individuals not getting such drugs.. There continues to be a definite difference of opinion about the results of anticoagulant therapy in completed stroke. If anticoagulant is to be administered on a long-term basis, it must be considered dangerous and every effort made to control the ...

Every year, thousands of people in Canada either die or are permanently disabled after suffering a stroke. This costs our society billions of dollars in physician services, hospital expenses, and decreased productivity. Some individuals are slightly more lucky; instead of having a severe stroke, they have either a very mild stroke or temporary stroke symptoms, also known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA), and do not experience any loss of abilities. However, mild strokes and TIAs can precede the onset of a more serious, disabling stroke. Most of the significant strokes that happen after a mild stroke or TIA occur within days of the original event; there is a need for early interventions that could prevent such occurrences.. One of the goals of recent research has been to find ways to prevent major strokes after individuals have sustained a minor stroke or TIA. Up until now, stroke doctors have focused on treating elevated blood pressures and cholesterol levels, scanning the blood vessels in ...

Background and Purpose: Few studies have evaluated long-term costs after stroke onset, with almost no cost data for transient ischemic attack (TIA). We studied hospital costs during the 5 years after TIA or stroke in a population-based study. Methods: Patients from a United Kingdom population-based cohort study (Oxford Vascular Study) were recruited from 2002 to 2007. Analysis was based on follow-up until 2010. Hospital resource usage was obtained from patient hospital records and valued using 2008/2009 unit costs. Because not all patients had full 5-year follow-up, we used nonparametric censoring techniques. Results: Among 485 TIA and 729 stroke patients ascertained and included, mean censor-adjusted 5-year hospital costs after index stroke were $25 741 (95% confidence interval, 23 659-27 914), with costs varying considerably by severity: $21 134 after minor stroke; $33 119 after moderate stroke; and $28 552 after severe stroke. For the 239 surviving stroke patients who had reached final follow-up,

Abstract: Recent studies have focused on elucidating the contribution of individual complement proteins to post-ischemic cellular injury. As the timing of complement activation and deposition after cerebral ischemia is not well understood, our study investigates the temporal pattern of C1q accumulation after experimental murine stroke. Brains were harvested from mice subjected to transient focal cerebral ischemia at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hr post reperfusion. Western blotting and light microscopy were employed to determine the temporal course of C1q protein accumulation and correlate this sequence with infarct evolution observed with TTC staining. Confocal microscopy was utilized to further characterize the cellular localization and characteristics of C1q deposition. Western Blot analysis showed that C1q protein begins to accumulate in the ischemic hemisphere between 3 and 6 hr post-ischemia. Light microscopy confirmed these findings, showing concurrent C1q protein staining of neurons. Confocal ...

Transient forebrain ischemia results in delayed neuronal death in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after injury, which is, at least in part, a consequence of excessive generation of reactive oxygen species. Previous in vitro studies using cell cultures or brain slices have demonstrated that phospholipase D (PLD) in the nervous system is involved in the signaling mechanism in response to a variety of agonists. Several recent studies have shown that reactive oxygen species stimulate phospholipase D (PLD) activity in several kinds of cells. Therefore, this raises the possibility that PLD activity is enhanced in the ischemic brain. Meanwhile, osteopontin (OPN) was initially identified as a sialoglycoprotein in bone, but has since been found in various tissues. Although not much is known about its function, OPN seems to play an important role in inflammation and tissue repair. Recently, it was reported that OPN was upregulated in the activated microglia after focal brain ischemia, suggesting that OPN might

TY - JOUR. T1 - Transient ischaemic attack, vascular risk factors and cognitive impairment. T2 - a case-controlled study. AU - Guyomard, Veronique. AU - Metcalf, Anthony K. AU - Naguib, Magdi F. AU - Fulcher, Robert A. AU - Potter, John F. AU - Myint, Phyo K. PY - 2011/9. Y1 - 2011/9. KW - aged. KW - aged, 80 and over. KW - case-control studies. KW - cognition. KW - cognition disorders. KW - female. KW - hospitals, university. KW - humans. KW - Ischemic Attack, Transient. KW - male. KW - middle aged. KW - neuropsychological tests. KW - risk assessment. KW - risk factors. KW - severity of illness index. U2 - 10.1093/ageing/afr079. DO - 10.1093/ageing/afr079. M3 - Letter. C2 - 21749995. VL - 40. SP - 641. EP - 644. JO - Age and Ageing. JF - Age and Ageing. SN - 0002-0729. IS - 5. ER - ...

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Acute Ischaemic Stroke clinical trial. Clinical trial for THALES - Acute STroke or Transient IscHaemic Attack Treated With TicAgreLor and ASA for PrEvention of Stroke and Death.

Epidemiology of nonfatal stroke and transient ischemic attack in Al-Kharga District, New Valley, Egypt Wafaa MA Farghaly,1 Hamdy N El-Tallawy,1 Ghaydaa A Shehata,1 Tarek A Rageh,1 Nabil M Abdel-Hakeem,2 Mohamed A Abd Elhamed,1 Bastawy MA Al-Fawal,3 Reda Badry1 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 2Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 3Aswan Health Insurance Hospital, Ministry of Health, Aswan, Egypt Background: Stroke is a medical emergency. Nonfatal stroke may cause permanent neurologic damage, complications, and disability. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiology of nonfatal stroke in Al-Kharga District, New Valley, Egypt. Methods: The total population (62,583) was screened via a door-to-door study by three neurology specialists and 15 female social workers for demographic data collection. All subjects with probable stroke were subjected to a full clinical examination, neuroimaging (computed

The present study was performed in 34 patients with transient cerebral ischemia, TCI. Twenty-four of the patients were examined angiographically. Atherosclerotic abnormalities were demonstrated in 13 and a total occlusion of the interior carotid artery was found in one patient. The angiograms were normal in 10 patients. One patient suffered from hyperlipoproteinemia, type IV, and one from diabetes mellitus. The platelet aggregation in vitro was increased significantly, as more patients than normal controls showed secondary aggregation with low ADP-concentration: less than or equal to 1 mumol (p less than 0.001). The fibrinolytic capacity was significantly reduced (p less than 0.01) but not particularly in the patients with increased tendency for platelet aggregation. No correlation found between changes in platelet aggregation, the fibrinolytic activity and the angiographic findings. The results described may favor the concept that a prophylactic use of drug excerting an antiaggregation effect on

TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparison of proliferation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells between young and aged after transient cerebral ischemia.. AU - Abe, Kouji. PY - 2003. Y1 - 2003. M3 - Article. VL - 1252. SP - 451. EP - 458. JO - Excerpta Medica Int. Cong. Series (Abe K ed., Molecular mechanism and therapeutics of ischemic stroke and dementia). JF - Excerpta Medica Int. Cong. Series (Abe K ed., Molecular mechanism and therapeutics of ischemic stroke and dementia). ER - ...

CSCA has enrolled 433 264 patients with acute stroke/TIA from 1576 hospitals. The patient and hospital baseline characteristics were reported. Compared with the previous hospitalised stroke registries, CSCA represents a large-scale effort to translate efficacy into effectiveness in stroke/TIA care for hospitalised patients covering all regions of China (except for Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao regions). Patients with IS from CSCA have the similar patients demographic and clinical characteristics of China National Stroke Registry (CNSR) I and II, such as patients age, race, history of stroke/TIA, hypertension disease and diabetes mellitus.14 This programme also provides a unique platform to track the characteristics, process of care and outcomes of patients with stroke/TIA. Specifically, the CSCA provides opportunities to promote stroke centre construction and increase adherence to evidence-based performance metric in clinical practice. Through the CSCA, participating hospitals self-assess their ...

Background. We sought to determine the prevalence of skin conditions traditionally associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and transient ischemic attacks (TIA) in the U.S.. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study of data derived from the National Inpatient Sample from 1988-2008. We searched for admissions of patients ,18 years, with a primary diagnosis of AIS, TIA, and the following secondary diagnoses (dermatoses): Psoriasis, Behcets Disease (BD), Dermatomyositis (DM), Systemic Lupus Eythematosis (SLE), Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum (PXE), Progressive Systemic Sclerosis or Scleroderma (SCD), and Bullous Pemphigoid (BP). Definitions were based on ICD9CM codes, and adjusted incidence rates for the U.S census and prevalence proportions were then calculated.. Results. Over the 20-year period, we identified 9,085,147 admissions that corresponded to a primary diagnosis of AIS and TIA of which 53,060 had a secondary diagnosis of dermatoses, for a total prevalence of 0.6%. The adjusted rate of AIS/TIA ...

Cerebrovascular disorders (CVD) are a complex medical problem with a wide variety of different etiologies. Symptoms are often atypical and subtle. Diagnostic methods are often invasive. Many autors have tried to find a noninvasive method which could be a screening method. This is Transcranial-Duplex-Doppler ulstrasonography (TCDD). We use it in patients with pulsating headache, vertigo, seizures, hemiparesis and other neurologic dysabillities. Here, we present eight patients between the ages of 1-16, with cerebrovascular disorders. Six of them had ischemic cerebral infarction. Their cerebral circulation was examined by TCDD. We found reduced cerebral blood flow at the site of the ischemic lesion, as a sign of hypoperfusion. Control TCDD findings were normal in patients with transient ischemic attacks, but are unchanged in patients with ischemic insult. Patients with stenosis of the cerebral arteries had typical TCDD findings. Treatment of CVD is often insufficient, because they often cause ...

Jeyaseelan, K., Lim, K.Y., Armugam, A. (2008). MicroRNA expression in the blood and brain of rats subjected to transient focal ischemia by middle cerebral artery occlusion. Stroke 39 (3) : 959-966. ScholarBank@NUS Repository. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA. ...

The air-dried aerial parts of Lavandula angustifolia Mill, a traditional Uygur herbal drug, is used as resuscitation-inducing therapy to treat neurodisfunctions, such as stroke. This study was designed to assess the neuroprotective effects of lavender oil against ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury in mice. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by the intraluminal occlusion method with a nylon string. The neurodysfuntion was evaluated by neurological deficit and the infarct area was showed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The histopathological changes were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The levels of mitochondria-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyl, the ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG), the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathion peroxidase (GSH-Px) in brain tissue were measured to estimate the oxidative stress state. Neurological deficit, infarct size, histopathology

OBJECTIVES: An inflammatory process following stroke in human brains and systemic inflammatory responses after stroke in humans have been reported by numerous investigators. The aim of the study was to investigate if genes involved in the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) pathway are upregulated at peripheral level in patients after transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and stroke. DESIGN OF STUDY: Blood samples were obtained from two groups of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy ...

We developed a model identifying patients with previous cerebral ischaemia at increased risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH). Based on data from eight cohorts, 107 ICHs were found to have occurred among 12 648 patients. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified the following predictors: age (| or = 60 years, hazard ratio (HR) 2.07), blood glucose level (| or = 7 mmol/l, HR 0.33), systolic blood pressure (| or = 140 mm Hg, HR 2.17), and antihypertensive drugs (HR 1.53). The highest risk quartile was associated with five times more ICHs than the lowest quartile.

This is the sudden transient loss of vision in one eye (like a curtain or shade coming from above or below) due to the passage of an embolus through the retinal vessels from ipsilateral carotid vessel disease. It is a feature of a TIA in the carotid artery circulation and is often the first clinical evidence of carotid stenosis.5 About 20% of all TIAs present as amaurosis fugax.6 Amaurosis fugax may forewarn of the development of hemiparesis or blindness and should be considered a matter for urgent attention and rectification. Give aspirin immediately. Carotid endarterectomy may be required for high grade stenosis. ...

Overall, 18.3% of pseudoaneurysms were intracranial and 81.7% were extracranial, and the average size was 7.3 mm. The mean follow-up time was 29.3 months; 3.3% of patients had a recurrent transient ischemic attack, no patients had a recurrent stroke, and 14.2% of patients had recurrence of nonischemic symptoms (headache, neck pain, Horner syndrome, or cranial nerve palsy). Follow-up imaging demonstrated that 13.8% of pseudoaneurysms had enlarged, 30.2% had healed, and 56% had remained stable. In total, 20.8% of patients had an intervention other than medical treatment. Interventions included stenting, coiling, flow diversion, and clipping. Predictors of intervention included increasing size, size , 10 mm, location in the C2 (petrous) segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA), younger age, hyperlipidemia, pseudoaneurysm enlargement, and any symptom development. Significant predictors of enlargement included smoking, history of trauma, C2 location, hyperlipidemia, and larger initial ...

The treatment of choice for recurrent transient ischemic attacks in a patient on aspirin with new-onset atrial fibrillation: a) Anticoagulation b) Carotid endarterectomy c) Clopidogrel d) Corticosteroid treatment e) Carotid stent The correct answer is A. Patient compliance with antiplatelet therapy should be determined. When possible, the cause of the TIA or sroke should be [...]. ...

Neuroprotection remains an unmet need in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Disappointing data were obtained in clinical studies with ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists in stroke owing to the strong impact of these drugs on fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the CNS, and the opposite role played by synaptic and extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in neurodegeneration/neuroprotection [1-19]. In addition, NMDA receptor antagonists impair mechanisms of activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and may cause severe adverse effects, such as psychotomimetic effects and intrinsic neurotoxicity [1]. mGlu receptor ligands modulate synaptic transmission, and are therefore considered as more valuable candidate targets for neuroprotective drugs. The mGlu receptor ligands developed so far for the treatment of CNS disorders have shown a good profile of safety and tolerability, which may reflect the modulatory role of mGlu receptors in synaptic transmission and activity-dependent ...

Similar risk factors predispose patients to both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Two hundred consecutive patients from Stroke Prevention Clinics (SPC) at London Health Sciences Centre and the Ottawa Hospital (100 patients from each site) who have sustained a Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) or mild non-disabling stroke will participate in a randomized controlled trial in which they will either receive Usual Care (UC) as delivered by the SPC, or enter the existing multi-disciplinary 6-month comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) intervention at LHSC and Ottawa in addition to receiving UC. This study seeks to determine the benefits of providing a CR program to TIA/mild non-disabling stroke patients ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Newborn cells may participate in repair following ischemic brain injury, but their survival and function may be influenced by inflammation. METHODS We investigated the effects of indomethacin, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, on the fate of newborn cells following transient focal ischemia. RESULTS Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled cells, including migrating neuroblasts, were observed in the neighboring striatum and overlying cortex 1 day poststroke. The density of BrdU+ cells labeled with doublecortin, nestin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, or NG2 was increased at 14 and 28 days. Indomethacin increased BrdU+ cells of all lineages and reduced microglial/monocyte activation. CONCLUSIONS Indomethacin enhanced the accumulation of newborn cells following stroke.

A 59-year-old Hispanic man presented with right upper and lower extremity weakness, associated with facial drop and slurred speech starting 2 hours before the presentation. He denied visual disturbance, headache, chest pain, palpitations, dyspnea, dysphagia, fever, dizziness, loss of consciousness, bowel or urinary incontinence, or trauma. His medical history was significant for uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and benign prostatic hypertrophy. Social history included cigarette smoking (1 pack per day for 20 years) and alcohol intake of 3 to 4 beers daily. Family history was not significant, and he did not remember his medications. In the emergency department, his vital signs were stable. His physical examination was remarkable for right-sided facial droop, dysarthria, and right-sided hemiplegia. The rest of the examination findings were insignificant. His National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was calculated as 7. Initial CT angiogram of ...

There have been several examinations in the USA and we are also observing it with concern in European countries such as Italy, Spain and Germany: Significantly fewer patients with minor strokes come to the clinics and are there on stroke units - departments specializing in stroke patients in the hospital - treat. We fear that this will have an indirect impact of the pandemic because people are afraid of getting infected in the hospital and therefore do not take stroke warning symptoms as seriously as they should. Every second stroke there are volatile symptoms, also known as transient ischemic attack (TIA) or mild stroke. And these precede severe strokes. At the moment we cannot really assess the impact of the pandemic, but we fear that severe strokes will end up being more common than before. And not just because of the virus, but mainly because those affected do not go to the clinic if there are warning signs.. The Transient ischemic attack - in short TIA - is considered a harbinger of a ...

Specialist stroke recovery services at our acute stroke unit, TIA clinic, and stroke rehabilitation units at Barnet, Chase Farm and Royal Free hospitals.

BACKGROUND: The interval between the onset of cerebral vessel occlusion and recanalization has been shown to be an independent predictor of poor outcomes. However, endovascular recanalization of symptomatic cerebral vessel occlusion in the subacute period has not been well documented. We investigated the safety and efficacy of subacute recanalization of occluded cerebral vessels in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). METHODS: Between 2014 and 2015, 98 patients were admitted to the emergency room for ischemic stroke or TIA with a small infarct core, which was defined as modest early ischemic change on non-contrast CT or overt diffusion-perfusion mismatch ...

The availability of an in-house, around-the-clock interventional cardiology team dramatically decreases the time it takes to restore blood flow to heart attack patients, according to data presented this week. These findings were reported by researchers from Loyola University Health System (LUHS) at the American College of Cardiology annual meeting in New Orleans.

Results A total of 6,762 (88%) and 940 (12%) CKD-free patients and 2,025 (90%) and 231 (10%) CKD patients took dabigatran 110 mg and 150 mg twice daily, respectively. Dabigatran was associated with a lower risk of AKI than warfarin for either the CKD-free (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.49 to 0.77; p less than 0.001) or CKD (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.46 to 0.69; p less than 0.001) cohort. As the increment in CHA2DS2-VASc score (a risk score based on congestive heart failure, hypertension, age 75 years or older, diabetes mellitus, previous stroke/transient ischemic attack, vascular disease, aged 65 to 74 years, and female sex) increased from 0/1 to 6+ points, the incidence of AKI for the dabigatran group was relatively stable (1.87% to 2.91% per year for the CKD-free cohort; 7.31% to 13.15% per year for the CKD cohort) but increased obviously for patients taking warfarin for either CKD-free (2.00% to 6.16% per year) or CKD cohorts (6.82 to 26.03% per year). The warfarin group ...

Stroke is the second most common cause of death worldwide. A systematic description and characterization of the strokes and the effects induced in the hippocampus have not been performed so far. Here, we analysed the protein expression in the hippocampus 24 h after cerebral ischaemic injury and repair. Drug intervention using Danhong injection (DHI), which has been reported to have good therapeutic effects in a clinical setting, was selected for our study of cerebral ischaemia repair in rat models. A larger proteome dataset and total 4091 unique proteins were confidently identified in three biological replicates by combining tissue extraction for rat hippocampus and LC-MS/MS analysis. A label-free approach was then used to quantify the differences among the four experimental groups (Naive, Sham, middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and MCAO + DHI groups) and showed that about 2500 proteins on average were quantified in each of the experiment group. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that in total 280

Stroke is a common diagnosis in primary care and it is the third leading cause of death in Americans. Primary care clinicians provide stroke care to three main groups of patients: (1) patients at high risk of stroke requiring primary prevention, (2) patients with a history of stroke requiring secondary prevention, or (3) patients with signs and symptoms consistent with acute stroke, requiring urgent care. The purpose of this chapter is to review the ...

anti-biotics (made from fungal poisons) sugar alcohol peanut butter.Try taking the amino acid L-ornithine at bedtime and L-arginine. PreSeries Bulk is a pre workout supplement marketed by Well it turns into L-Arginine in your kidneys which raises your nitric oxide levels.. No standardized dose has been. Convert grams Arginine to moles or moles Arginine to grams. Does l-arginine work for erectile dysfunction Alcohol history of stroke transient ischemic attack congestive heart failure and to improve the.. Using cortical kidney homogenates incub- ated with radiolabelled -arginine agmatine. Taking 2-4 grams on an. Citrulline or arginine supplementation is required for patients diagnosed with In children unable to swallow tablets it is recommended to use AMMONAPS granules. L-arginine 1000 mg - 120 comprimes - Now foods: Amazon.fr: Hygine et Soins du corps. Pooie UK) and for 16 h at 37C in DMEM + 20% PCS + 100 unit.ml1 collagenase suspension was plated in a perspex mould and allowed to gel at 4C for ...

Free, official coding info for 2018 ICD-10-CM Z86.73 - includes detailed rules, notes, synonyms, ICD-9-CM conversion, index and annotation crosswalks, DRG grouping and more.

Effect of transient cerebral ischemia on gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor alpha 1-subunit-immunoreactive interneurons in the gerbil CA1 hippocampus.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Systemic fatty acid responses to transient focal cerebral ischemia. T2 - Influence of neuroprotectant therapy with human albumin. AU - Rodriguez De Turco, Elena B.. AU - Belayev, Ludmila. AU - Liu, Yitao. AU - Busto, Raul. AU - Parkins, Nilda. AU - Bazan, Nicolas G.. AU - Ginsberg, Myron D.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2002/11. Y1 - 2002/11. N2 - Human albumin therapy is highly neuroprotective in focal cerebral ischemia. Because albumin is the main carrier of free fatty acids (FFA) in plasma, we investigated the content and composition of plasma FFA in jugular vein (JV), femoral artery (FA) and femoral vein (FV) of rats given intravenous human albumin (1.25 g/kg) or saline vehicle (5 mL/kg) 1 h after a 2 h middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) or sham surgery. Arachidonic acid was the only FFA significantly increased by MCAo in all plasma samples prior to albumin administration, remaining at the same level regardless of subsequent ...

This study investigated the effects of 2-(1-chloro-4-hydroxyisoquinoline-3-carboxamido) acetic acid (IOX3), a selective small molecule inhibitor of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) prolyl hydroxylases, on mouse brains subject to transient focal cerebral ischaemia. Male, 8- to 12-week-old C57/B6 mice were subjected to 45 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) either immediately or 24 h after receiving IOX3. Mice receiving IOX3 at 20 mg/kg 24 h prior to the MCAO had better neuroscores and smaller blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and infarct volumes than mice receiving the vehicle, whereas those having IOX3 at 60 mg/kg showed no significant changes. IOX3 treatment immediately before MCAO was not neuroprotective. IOX3 up-regulated HIF-1α, and increased EPO expression in mouse brains. In an in vitro BBB model (RBE4 cell line), IOX3 up-regulated HIF-1α and delocalized ZO-1. Pre-treating IOX3 on RBE4 cells 24 h before oxygen-glucose deprivation had a protective effect on endothelial barrier ...

Carotid endarterectomy reduced death and strokes in patients with ipsilateral high-grade stenosis and recent hemispheric transient ischemic attacks or nondisabling strokes. The ECST and the NASCET are landmark studies. Many clinicians believed that persons with cerebral ischemic symptoms associated with high-grade carotid stenosis benefited from carotid endarterectomy. However, considerable doubt arose about a net benefit to society, given the high risk of surgery reported from some communities and the reported high frequency of inappropriate indications for carotid endarterectomy. These studies do not completely allay the doubt. In both studies the surgeons were carefully chosen and demonstrated lower perioperative morbidity and mortality than shown in community surveys. The major surprise in these studies is the high risk for stroke in the patients who did not have surgery; 22% in 3 years in ECST and 28% in 2 years in NASCET. The apparently higher risk in NASCET may be at least partly an ...

This program may vary by location. South Shore Regioanl Hospital. The Rapid Access Transient ischemic attack (TIA) and Stroke Secondary Prevention Clinic provides rapid assessment by a Nurse Practitioner (NP) of patients who have experienced transient stroke-like symptoms who present to the emergency department or in the primary health care setting.. This clinic aims to rapidly identify patients who have experienced a TIA, and streamline patients with critical stenosis of the carotid arteries to surgical evaluation to reduce the risk of stroke. Patients will receive a neurologic examination by the Nurse Practitioner.. The TIA clinic will also arrange diagnostic tests, if not already completed, such as carotid dopplers, CT scan of the head, ECG and holter monitoring and echocardiography if necessary to identify the underlying cause of their clinical presentation and treat any risk factors that could place the patient at risk of stroke.. Bridgewater & Area Family Health Clinic. Aggressive ...

Object. A critical review of the literature indicates that the effects of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors on focal cerebral ischemia are contradictory. In this experiment the authors methodically examined the dose-dependent effects of two NOS inhibitors and two NO donors on cortical infarction volume in an animal model of temporary focal cerebral ischemia simulating potential ischemia during neurovascular interventions.. Methods. Ninety-two Wistar rats underwent 3 hours of combined left middle cerebral artery and bilateral common carotid artery occlusion after having been anesthetized with 1% halothane. A nonselective NOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (l-NAME), and two NO donors, 3-morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride and NOC-18, DETA/NO, (Z)-1-[2(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate, were administered intravenously 30 minutes before ischemia was induced. A selective neuronal NOS inhibitor, 7-nitroindazole (7-NI), was administered intraperitoneally ...

Danon disease is a rare X-linked dominant skeletal and cardiac muscle disorder presenting with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome, skeletal myopathy, and mild intellectual disability. Early morbidity and mortality due to heart failure or sudden death are known in Danon disease, more in males than in females. Here, we present a 17-year-old female adolescent with Danon disease and severe concentric hypertrophy with normal left ventricular (LV) systolic function, who has been complaining of intermittent headache and weakness for about 3 years, initially diagnosed with hemiplegic migraine. Subsequently, her neurological manifestation progressed to transient ischemic attack (TIA) and eventually to ischemic stroke confirmed by CT scan with 1-day history of expressive aphasia followed by persistent left side weakness and numbness. Detailed echocardiogram for the first time revealed a small LV apical thrombus with unchanged severe biventricular hypertrophy and normal systolic function.

With the exception of IL-6, all biomarkers were higher in TIA patients than in controls. NT-proBNP was significantly related to the presence or new diagnosis of AF at all time points analyzed. Furthermore, the baseline NT-proBNP level was significantly higher than values at the 7-day and 90-day follow-up. For this reason, different cut-off values were obtained at different times: 313 pg/ml at baseline [odds ratio (OR) = 18.99, P , 0.001], 181 pg/ml at 7 days (OR = 11.4, P = 0.001) and 174 pg/ml (OR = 8.46, P , 0.001) at 90 days. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hippocampal CA1 cell loss in a non-human primate model of transient global ischemia. T2 - A pilot study. AU - Hara, Koichi. AU - Yasuhara, Takao. AU - Matsukawa, Noriyuki. AU - Maki, Mina. AU - Masuda, Tadashi. AU - Yu, Guolong. AU - Xu, Lin. AU - Tambrallo, Laura. AU - Rodriguez, Nancy A.. AU - Stern, David M.. AU - Kawase, Takeshi. AU - Yamashima, Tetsumori. AU - Buccafusco, Jerry J.. AU - Hess, David C.. AU - Borlongan, Cesario V.. N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported by MCG College of Medicine Deans Funds and MCG Intramural Grants Program. Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2007/9/14. Y1 - 2007/9/14. N2 - We exposed adult Rhesus (Macaca mulatta) to a transient global ischemia, which was induced by clipping the innominate and subclavian arteries that originated from the aortic arch. NHP1 received 20-min, while NHP2 and NHP3, were exposed to a 15-min transient global ischemia and were euthanized at day 1 (NHP1), day 5 (NHP2) or ...

Aspirin is the original wonder drug, used in various forms for thousands of years for its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties (1), and more recently, for its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, reducing the risk for occlusive vascular events associated with acute coronary syndromes, transient cerebral ischemic attacks and stroke, and peripheral vascular disease (2).. But aspirin is not an anticoagulant; aspirin is ineffective for prevention of thromboembolism related to nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Multiple randomized clinical trials now provide convincing evidence that oral anticoagulants, such as warfarin or newer non-vitamin K antagonist direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), are distinctly superior to aspirin in preventing thromboembolic outcomes in those patients who are at moderate to high risk (CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥2) (3-5). Aspirin is associated with a risk of bleeding similar to some of the new DOACs (6,7), but is of little, if any, benefit in the ...

This years group of papers covers an unusually wide range of notably engaging topics important in clinical internal medicine. To select a number for mention is not to slight the remainder: transient cerebral ischemic attacks, pulmonary biopsy, gastroesophageal reflex, bowel infections by anaerobic bacteria, hospital infections, hirsutism, multiple endocrine adenomatosis, obesity, erythrocytosis with normal blood-gas values, angina without coronaryartery disease, management of ischemic heart disease, acute bacterial diarrhea, abdominal angiography. Name and subject indexes for this volume; cumulative indexes for Volumes 14-20. Recommended for all clinical libraries. ...

What is Transient Cerebral Thrombosis? By transient ischemic attack (TIA) refers to a short time (less than 24 hours) the loss of parts of the brain function caused by a transient occlusion of an artery in the brain or in brain afferent arteries. Symptoms The most common symptoms are transient (under 24 hours)

INTRODUCTION: Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) are common incidental imaging findings, but there are few data in patients with transient ischaemic attack (TIA)/stroke. The frequency of UIA might be higher due to shared risk factors, but rupture risk might be reduced by intensive secondary prevention. We determined the prevalence and prognosis of UIA in patients with suspected TIA/minor stroke. METHODS: All patients referred to the population-based Oxford Vascular Study (2011-2020) with suspected TIA/minor stroke and non-invasive angiography were included. We determined the prevalence of incidental asymptomatic UIA and the risk of subsequent subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) by follow-up on intensive medical treatment, with guideline-based monitoring/management. We also did a systematic review of UIA prevalence/prognosis in cohorts with TIA/stroke. FINDINGS: Among 2013 eligible patients, 95 (4.7%) had 103 previously unknown asymptomatic UIA. Female sex (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.5 to 3.7), smoking (2.1, 1.2

TY - JOUR. T1 - Anomaly in aortic arch alters pathological outcome of transient global ischemia in Rhesus macaques. AU - Hara, Koichi. AU - Yasuhara, Takao. AU - Maki, Mina. AU - Matsukawa, Noriyuki. AU - Yu, Guolong. AU - Xu, Lin. AU - Tambrallo, Laura. AU - Rodriguez, Nancy A.. AU - Stern, David M.. AU - Yamashima, Tetsumori. AU - Buccafusco, Jerry J.. AU - Kawase, Takeshi. AU - Hess, David C.. AU - Borlongan, Cesario V.. PY - 2009/8/25. Y1 - 2009/8/25. N2 - We investigated a non-human primate (NHP) transient global ischemia (TGI) model which was induced by clipping the arteries originating from the aortic arch. Previously we demonstrated that our TGI model in adult Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) results in marked neuronal cell loss in the hippocampal region, specifically the cornu Ammonis (CA1) region. However, we observed varying degrees of hippocampal cell loss among animals. Here, we report for the first time an anomaly of the aortic arch in some Rhesus macaques that appears as a key ...

The transient ischaemic attack algorithm and hotline were developed with a broad consensus of clinicians, patients, policy-makers, and researchers and based on local adaptation of the work of others and research and insights developed within the province. Because neither patient-level nor region-level randomization was possible, we conducted a quasi-experimental design examining changes in the post-transient ischaemic attack rate of stroke recurrence before and after the 15-month implementation period using an interrupted time-series regression analysis. The design controls for changes in case-mix, co-interventions, and secular trends. A prospective transient ischaemic attack cohort will also be concurrently created with telephone follow-up at seven-days and 90 days as well as passive follow-up over the longer term using linkages to provincial healthcare administrative databases. ...

Transient ischemic attack (TIA). Sometimes, the blood supply to the brain is temporarily interrupted by a blood clot. This results in a mini-stroke, technically called transient ischemic attack. While TIA exhibits symptoms of a full stroke, these symptoms typically disappear within a few minutes to hours.. More often than not, a full stroke is usually preceded by TIA. Unfortunately, statistics by the CDC show that more than one-third of people who experience TIA and fail to receive medical attention end up having a full stroke within a year.. Ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke is caused by the narrowing or blocking of arteries that take blood to the brain. While this blockage is primarily caused by a blood clot, it can also be caused by atherosclerosis breaking off and blocking the blood vessel.. There are two main types of ischemic stroke: embolic and thrombotic stroke. In a thrombotic stroke, a blood clot forms right in the arteries supplying the brain with blood. On the other hand, in an ...

Fimasartan is a newly developed angiotensin receptor blocker, which may have protective effects during myocardial infarction or atherosclerosis. In this context, we investigated the effects of long-term treatment with low-dose fimasartan on focal ischemia in rat brain. We induced focal ischemia in brain by transient intraluminal occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and administered low-dose (0.5 mg/kg) or regular doses (1 or 3 mg/kg) of fimasartan via intravenous routes. After the administration of low-dose (0.5 mg/kg) fimasartan, blood pressure did not decrease compared to the phosphate-buffered saline- (PBS-) control with MCA occlusion (MCAO) group. The infarct volume and ischemic cell death were reduced in the low-dose fimasartan-treated group (46 ± 41 mm|sup |3|/sup| for 0.5 mg/kg and 153 ± 47 mm|sup |3|/sup| for PBS-control with MCAO; |svg xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink xmlns=http:/

Contact: Lyndy Stone. Shannon Medical Center has received the American College of Cardiologys NCDR Chest Pain ̶ MI Registry Platinum Performance Achievement Award for 2019. Shannon is one of only 225 hospitals nationwide to receive the honor.. The award recognizes Shannons commitment and success in implementing a higher standard of care for heart attack patients and signifies that [HOSPITAL NAME] has reached an aggressive goal of treating these patients to standard levels of care as outlined by the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association clinical guidelines and recommendations.. To receive the Chest Pain ̶ MI Registry Platinum Performance Achievement Award, Shannon has demonstrated sustained achievement in the Chest Pain ̶ MI Registry for eight consecutive quarters and has performed at the top level of standards for specific performance measures. Full participation in the registry engages hospitals in a robust quality improvement process using data to drive improvements in ...

Background: Although poor clinical outcomes have been reported for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), comprehensive data regarding Acute Pulmonary Edema (APE) concomitant with patients with COVID-19 are scarce. This study investigated the clinical features and outcomes of APE in patients with COVID-19. Methods: Of 50 patients enrolled from a COVID-19 registry database, 5 patients presented with APE (APE group) and 45 did not (Non-APE [NAPE] group). Results: Most clinical presentations and in-hospital courses were different between the groups. The APE group was older (P=0.001) and had higher prevalence of underlying diabetes (P=0.005), hypertension (P=0.005), coronary artery disease (P=0.001), stroke/transient ischemic attack (P=0.001) and chronic renal failure (P=0.002). The APE group had significantly higher prevalence of sputum (P=0.002), higher body temperature (P=0.004) and shock (P=0.002). The APE group had significantly higher prevalence of ST depression (P=0.023) and T-wave inversion ...

Video created by University of California, San Francisco for the course Introduction to Clinical Neurology. Welcome to Introduction to Clinical Neurology, offered by the University of California, San Francisco, on Coursera. This course provides ...

BACKGROUND: Identifying patients with recent stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) at high risk of major vascular events (MVEs; stroke, myocardial infarction, or vascular death) may help optimize the intensity of secondary preventive interventions. We evaluated the relationships between the baseline Framingham Coronary Risk Score (FCRS) and a novel risk prediction model and with the occurrence of MVEs after stroke or TIA in subjects enrolled in the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Level (SPARCL) trial. METHODS: Data from the 4731 subjects enrolled in the SPARCL study were analyzed. Hazard ratios (HRs) from Cox regression models were used to determine the risk of subsequent MVEs based on the FCRS predicting 20% or more 10-year coronary heart disease risk. The novel risk model was derived based on multivariable modeling with backward selection. Model discrimination (c-statistics) was assessed using the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves. RESULTS: ...

Researchers at Western University hope their systematic review of almost 12,000 patients will raise awareness among physicians about the need for more extensive testing for atrial fibrillation, or heart rhythm disturbances, following a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).. The review, published by Lancet Neurology, analyzed the results of 50 studies from four continents and showed that almost 24 per cent of stroke patients with no history of atrial fibrillation can be newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation when using multiple cardiac monitoring methods sequentially. Thats more than twice higher than previous estimates which are based on only one or two methods of diagnosis.. We found that by using a sequential combination of different cardiac monitoring methods, the number of ischemic stroke and TIA patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation can be increased considerably, said Dr. Luciano Sposato, a recently recruited Associate Professor of Neurology at Westerns Schulich ...

Best Medical Therapy in Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis VIJAIGANESH NAGARAJAN and ADITYA M. SHARMA Presentation A 78-year-old female with a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension visited her primary physician for regular 6-month follow-up visit. She denied history of stroke or any symptoms suggestive of transient ischemic attacks (TIA). Her heart rate was 68 beats per…

Author: Frisch, Stefan et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Published in Print: 2017-12; Title: Apathy and cognitive deficits in patients with transient global ischemia after cardiac arrest

Cerebrovascular Disorders: A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES; or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.

One in five strokes occurs in the posterior circulation, whose blood vessels (the vertebral and basilar arteries) supply the back of the brain. We have shown that posterior circulation TIA and minor stroke is followed by a high risk of further stroke.. One in five of these strokes is caused by narrowing of the vertebral arteries. Narrowing of the carotid artery (which supplies the front of the brain) can be successfully treated by surgery preventing further strokes. Surgical access to the vertebral arteries is difficult but it is now possible to access the narrowing by passing a wire up the artery and opening up the narrowing using a stent.. In pilot studies we and others have shown vertebral stenting appears to be relatively safe. It is now essential to evaluate in a large trial whether vertebral stenting prevents recurrent stroke. If so this treatment would be applicable to a large number of stroke and TIA patients.. In a number of specialised centres in the UK who already have expertise in ...

INTRODUCTION - A previous stroke or a transient ischemic attack is an important risk factor for stroke, therefore measures for secondary prevention have great importance. Based on the results of multicenter randomized controlled trials guidelines for medical and surgical methods for secondary stroke prevention have been established in the last years. In our study - that can be considered a documentational process audit - we analyzed whether there was a change in the past 5 years in the documented recommendations for secondary stroke prevention in the discharge reports of patients with ischemic stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS - The periods of examination were the first 3 months of 1995 and 2000. We reviewed the discharge reports of all patients discharged from the stroke unit with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke. We tabulated the history, the results of examinations, the condition of the patients at discharge, the stroke subtype, the indications and contraindications for antiplatelet and ...

Computed tomographic perfusion (CTP) is useful in diagnosis of patients with transient focal neurological symptoms. In acute imaging of patients with a suspected transient ischemic attack (TIA), it remains unclear which patients develop focal perfusion abnormalities (FPA), that is, hypoperfusion or hyperperfusion. We aimed at determining independent factors associated with FPA in patients with supratentorial TIAs. We prospectively collected consecutive patients with supratentorial TIAs defined by the traditional time-based definition who underwent CTP within 24 hours of symptom onset. We recorded demographics, risk factors, clinical features, severity, and timing from onset. We documented the Age, Blood Pressure, Clinical Features, Duration, and Diabetes (ABCD2) scores, vascular territories, and presence of relevant arterial pathology. Variables were tested for an association with FPA with univariate and multivariate analyses. A hundred and ten of 265 patients (42%) with supratentorial

We have evaluated the performance of TOF-MRA as a predictor of recurrent stroke/TIA at 7 days in patients with TIA. We found that ,50% stenosis or occlusion of a large proximal intracranial symptomatic artery was significantly associated with recurrent stroke/TIA.. The usefulness of MRA to predict stroke recurrence after TIA has been previously reported by other investigators. Coutts et al8 found a greater risk of recurrent stroke at 90 days among 120 patients with TIA or minor stroke in the presence of an intracranial vessel occlusion on MRA. Our study confirms this finding and further suggests that both stenosis and occlusion of a symptomatic intracranial artery may have an impact on the risk of clinical recurrence. We were able to assess the influence of vascular lesion location and found that only proximal vessel lesions were associated with increased risk of early recurrence. Patients with such vascular lesions were at high (27.3%) risk of early recurrence in our study. The sensitivity of ...

A stroke (cerebral vascular accident or CVA) occurs when the blood supply to a part of the brain is cut off. This is caused by either a blood clot (ischaemic stroke - 80%) or a burst blood vessel (haemorrhagic stroke - 20%).. Symptoms that subside within a few minutes with full recovery may be caused by a mini stroke (transient ischaemic attack or TIA). This is often seen as a warning or temporary stroke. These should be taken seriously as an indicator of a full stroke. People who have a mini stroke have a 1-2 in 10 chance of full stroke within a month. Strokes are the third main cause of death in the UK (approximately 4.5million people every year).. A stroke is extremely serious requiring treatment straight away. The longer the brain is starved of oxygen, the greater the risk of brain damage.. Possible early signs and symptoms:. ...

This article examines the pathophysiology of lesions caused by focal cerebral ischemia. Ischemia due to middle cerebral artery occlusion encompasses a densely ischemic focus and a less densely ischemic penumbral zone. Cells in the focus are usually doomed unless reperfusion is quickly instituted. In …

hide,,/showhide, ,showhide,== Research interest == __HIDER__ ,hide, The research activities of our group relate largely to the identification of modulators of inflammation in tissues following transient ischemia or hypoxia. We have been working on the role of the urokinase receptor as well as the lectin-like domain of thrombomodulin with respect to their potential to reduce reperfusion injury while allowing for better regeneration of the damaged tissue. Our focus has been the heart but we are moving on to global ischemia with the ensuing systemic inflammatory response syndrome related to cardiac arrest. The group consists of 7 postdoctoral fellows, 8 technicians and several medical students. In the center of our activities we utilize clinically relevant mouse models of human diseases like myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest and resuscitation, cardiac hypertrophy and atherosclerosis. The animals are examined with respect to their functional recovery using echocardiography, PET, ECG, blood ...

Transient ischemic attacks represent dysfunction of the central nervous system due to temporary interruption of blood flow to that region. They are typically, non-stereotyped events. This means that if they are recurrent, each episode is typically different from the one before. The exception is with intracranial stenosis the events may be somewhat stereotyped because the recurrent blood flow interruption occurs within a single region in the brain. The classic stereotyped events are seizures as each seizure resembles closely the previous event. There are some exceptions as certain epilepsy syndromes can have multiple seizure types. Of note, a partial seizure should prompt search for an underlying structural cause or lesion in the brain. Hypoglycemia, usually causes global cerebral dysfunction. However, on occasion the dysfunction can manifest as a focal lesion that responds with endogenous or treatment related correction of glucose levels. Hyperglycemia, can also cause transient focal ...

Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators to staying in work following stroke. Design: Qualitative analysis of posts regarding staying in work following stroke using the archives of an online forum for stroke survivors. Participants: 60 stroke survivors (29M, 23F, 8 not stated; mean age at stroke 44y) who have returned to work, identified using terms return to work and back at work. Setting: Posts from UK stroke survivors and family members on Talkstroke, the forum of the Stroke Association, between 2004 and 2011. Results: Both stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) survivors reported residual impairments that for many had impact on work. Most impairments were invisible, including fatigue, problems with concentration, memory, and personality changes. Participants described both positive (e.g. back at work being better than expected) and negative work experiences, including being at risk of losing the job because of stroke-related impairments. Barriers to successfully staying in ...

We performed a systematic review of the accuracy of patient self-report of stroke to inform approaches to ascertaining and confirming stroke cases in large prospective studies.We sought studies comparing patient self-report against a reference standard for stroke. We extracted data on survey method(s), response rates, participant characteristics, the reference standard used, and the positive predictive value (PPV) of self-report. Where possible we also calculated sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and stroke prevalence. Study-level risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Studies tool (QUADAS-2).From |1500 identified articles, we included 17 studies. Most asked patients to report a lifetime history of stroke but a few limited recall time to ≤5 years. Some included questions for transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke synonyms. No study was free of risk of bias in the QUADAS-2 assessment, the most frequent causes of bias being incomplete reference

may be so sudden and severe that the patient is literally struck down in his tracks. Some patients have early warnings that a stroke may be developing, however.. These people have what is called transient ischemic attacks, or TIAs. These usually result when a cerebral artery is closing because of the build-up of fatty deposits inside the vessel, a condition called atherosclerosis. Slight disturbances in circulation occur at intervals in such a case and the patient will experience momentary symptoms such as unexplained dizziness, blurring of vision, loss of hearing, or other event. It is important in this case to consult a physician so that proper testing can be carried out to determine the cause of the TIAs and steps taken to prevent development of a full stroke.. A stroke that results from a burst blood vessel is called a hemorrhagic stroke. In addition to the damage to brain tissue caused by lack of blood, damage may be brought about by the blood clot formed from the bleeding. The doctor may ...

Those with a history of marijuana use who suffer a heart attack are less likely to die during hospitalization than those who dont have marijuana in

Magnolol protects against ischemic-reperfusion brain damage following oxygen-glucose deprivation and transient focal cerebral ischemia.