The aim of this study was to explore the effect of picroside II on neuronal apoptosis and the expression of caspase-3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) following middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion in male Wistar rats. Picroside II (10 mg/kg) was administered intravenously into the tail vein of the animals. The neurological function deficits were evaluated with the Bedersons test and the cerebral infarction volume was visualized with tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The apoptotic cells were counted by in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The immunohistochemistry stain and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the expressions of caspase-3 and PARP in brain tissue. The results indicated that rats in the control group showed neurological function deficit and cerebral infarction in ischemic hemisphere after two hours ischemia followed by 22 hours reperfusion. Caspase-3 and

Catalpol Upregulates Hippocampal GAP-43 Level of Aged Rats with Enhanced Spatial Memory and Behavior Response. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

Does anyone know the molecular structure of Aucubin?? -- ********************************************************************** http://homepages.uni-tuebingen.de/student/petra.schaeffer petra.schaeffer at student.uni-tuebingen.de call: 0172/6638522 ...

A tincture of Blue Vervain, a perennial herb, contains a glycoside known as aucubin that many herbalists consider protective of the liver. It is also used to aid digestion, ease gastrointestinal pain and prevent bloating.

Radix Rehmanniae is one of beneficial traditional Chinese medicine.Study on the literatures of iridoid glucosides from Radix Rehmanniae shows that Catalpol has hypoglycemic effect on senile dementia and Parkinson disease.Iridoid glucosides from Radix Rehmanniae have large polarity,and it is difficult to be isolated from their similar structures.Combined the nature of catalpol with the study of literature,the following extraction process was taken: After the recirculation of Rehmanniae glutinosa by acetone,most of saccharide in acetone extracts is gotten rid of by activated carbon column chromatography,and then by silica gel column chromatography,to be crude,finally recrystallized to be catalpol.Then the thin layer chromatography(TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method were used to determine the catalpol.The purity is 98% while 0.25 μg Catalpol was tested in HPLC.Rf figures and colors of Catalpol are the same with those of standard samples in TLC.Finally,the acute toxicity test of

Four iridoid glycosides isolated from different species of Eremophila (Myoporaceae) were tested for their effects on the Langendorff rat heart. Melampyroside (1), verminoside (2), ferruloylajugol (3) and catalpol (4) all significantly decreased contractile force in the isolated rat heart test. Within a minute after administration all, except catalpol, significantly increased heart rate and coronary perfusion rate. These results are compared to those of other cardioactive iridoid glycosides described in the literature.

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Natural News) Researchers have found a new natural medicine that can protect nerve cells from epilepsy. In a study published in the journal The American Journal of Chinese Medicine, researchers at Central South University in China found that eucommia (Eucommia ulmoides) contains a compound called aucubin, which exhibits protective effects on neurons against damage caused by epilepsy.. Also known as du zhong in traditional Chinese medicine, eucommia possesses antioxidative and neuroprotective properties. Aucubin is the main component of eucommia.. For the study, the researchers used a rat model to investigate the protective effects of aucubin on neurons against epilepsy. They first treated the rats with either 5 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) or 10 mg/kg of aucubin for two weeks. Then, they administered lithium-pilocarpine to induce status epilepticus in the rats.. The results revealed that pretreatment with both doses of aucubin substantially decreased the number of dead neurons and increased ...

100% Natural Siberian Ginseng Extract, US $ 15 - 25 / Kilogram, Herbal Extract, 100% Natural Siberian Ginseng Extract, Powder.Source from Shaanxi M.R Natural Product Co., Ltd. on Alibaba.com.

Traditionally, Siberian ginseng has been used as an adaptogen, for increased endurance and memory improvement, as well as for chemoprotection, immunological enhancement, and overall well-being; although, there is currently limited clinical evidence on the use of Siberian ginseng for these indications. The Siberian Ginseng roots used in this NOW® product are carefully selected based on their high eleutheroside concentrations, the plants active therapeutic compounds.. ...

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Discussion. Modern medical studies show that the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine have good neuroprotective effect. Salvia miltiorrhiza (Zhang et al., 2010) and calycosin (Guo et al., 2012) could reduce mitochondrial injury induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, significantly decrease contents of MDA (Malondialdehyde) and protein hydroxyl compounds, upregulate the activity of SOD (Superoxide dismutase), CAT (Catalase) and GSHPx, and at the same time, inhibit the expression of 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal. Chrysophanol formulations (Li and Zhang et al., 2010) could significantly increase the activities of GSHPx in whole blood and SOD in plasma in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion, and improve the prognosis in ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Liquiritin (Sun et al., 2010) could decrease the content of MDA in brain tissue of mice and increase the activities of CAT and GSHPx. Salidroside (Yan et al., 2008) can obviously reduce the content of NO in rats with cerebral ...

L.G.nQian; Tang DeRui; H.J.ngFeng; Wang DiHai, 1996: Basic characteristics of system of Eucommia ulmoides intercropping with clover

Lonicera japonica is an evergreen, woody, twining vine. Ovate-shaped leaves are opposite, roughly 1 ½ to 3 inches long with variably pubescent petioles. The younger stems are reddish in color and are fuzzy or slightly pubescent. Hollow, older stems are hollow with brownish bark that peels in long strips. The stems are usually 80-120 feet long.. Lonicera japonica has fragrant, white flowers that fade to yellow and borne in pairs on axillary peduncles. Individual flowers are tubular, with a fused two-lipped corolla. Flower production occurs from late April through July, and sometimes through October. Many varieties available in the nursery trade are easily distinguished by flower color from the invasive honeysuckle. There is also a native honeysuckle that is often confused with the invasive species. Lonicera sempervirens (coral honeysuckle), the native honeysuckle, is easily distinguished from the invasive honeysuckle by its upper leaves and berries. Leaves of the native species are connate - ...

Siberian Ginseng Extract - Browse fuzing.com to find Siberian Ginseng Extract sellers, suppliers, wholesalers, companies, manufacturers, exporters, factories.

Uncultivated is a multi-faceted art project focused on wild plants within urban landscapes, consisting of geo-referenced photographs, a corresponding website, commercial displays, and associated public events. Commonly known as weeds, Uncultivated encourages an empathetic view of these reviled plants and the natural environment we share in common while also reflecting upon the changing biodiversity of urban landscapes due to the effects of climate change.

Iridoids are a type of monoterpenoids in the general form of cyclopentanopyran, found in a wide variety of plants and some animals. They are biosynthetically derived from 8-oxogeranial. Iridoids are typically found in plants as glycosides, most often bound to glucose. The chemical structure is exemplified by iridomyrmecin, a defensive chemical produced by the Iridomyrmex genus, for which iridoids are named. Structurally, they are bicyclic cis-fused cyclopentane-pyrans. Cleavage of a bond in the cyclopentane ring gives rise to a subclass known as secoiridoids, such as oleuropein and amarogentin. The iridoids produced by plants act primarily as a defense against herbivores or against infection by microorganisms.[citation needed] The variable checkerspot butterfly also contains iridoids obtained through its diet which act as a defense against avian predators. To humans and other mammals, iridoids are often characterized by a deterrent bitter taste. Aucubin and catalpol are two of the most common ...

The present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an anti-arthritis product using Eucommia ulmoides and Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman. The method of the present invention comprises the following steps: (S1) making a microemulsion containing 0.1-4.5 wt% of a fat-soluble solvent containing one or more ingredients among mixed fats and oils of mango butter, shea butter, and coconut oil, and fatty acid of stearic acid and palmitic acid, 95-99.5 wt% of a polar solvent containing one or more ingredients among purified water, water, alcohols of ethyl alcohol, and 0.1-0.5 wt% of an emulsifying agent called E-wax, glycerol monostearate, and saponin; (S2) pulverizing Eucommia ulmoides and Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman into a granule size of 50-100 [mu]m; and (S3) obtaining extracts by mixing the pulverized Eucommia ulmoides and Acanthopanax sessiliflorum Seeman at a weight ratio of 1-4:4-:1 and then adding the microemulsion to the mixture at a weight ratio of 1:6-10. The present ...

Catalpol induces cell activity to promote axonal regeneration via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in vivo and in vitro stroke model

Siberian ginseng is not technically real ginseng. It is closely related to other ginsengs, but not of the same genus. The plant grows wild in hardwood forests in most areas of North America. Growing is recommended for USDA Zones 2B to 8.

We would all like to have more energy. And who doesnt want to find ways to reduce stress? Since there are so many natural remedies available to you, I certainly want to make sure you have included the herb Eleutherococcus senticosus in your program. The more familiar name for this botanical remedy is Siberian Ginseng, and its benefits for stress and energy are renowned. Results from extensive research by Russian scientists show it to be a powerful adaptogenic herb used to help the bodys reaction to stress.

|p|Eleutherococcus (senticosus) Siberian Ginseng Alcohol Free Fluid Extract 60ml|/p| |p|2000 mg |/p| |p|Tested & Verified |/p| |p|Identified for Authenticity |/p| |p|Holistically Balanced® |/p| |p|Gluten Free|/p| |p|With one of the most comprehensive herb

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Siberian ginseng root - Natural Factor - is classified as an adaptogen, able to help the body adapt to stress and restore balance.

Quest Siberian Ginseng may increase the ability to withstand adverse conditions and enhance mental alertness and productivity. Standardised to ensure a consistent level of the active component in each tablet.

A combination of herb extracts containing iridoid glycosides: Menopausal syndrome, osteoporosis, eye disorders, hepatitus, diabetes.

0053] In some embodiments various extracts may be utilized from one or more of the plants listed above. In some embodiments the extracts may comprise 7b-Acetoxy-10-O-acetyl-8a-hydroxydecapetaloside (Compound-2),10-Acetoxymajoroside, 7-O-Acetyl-10-O-acetoxyloganin, 6-O-Acetylajugol, 6-O-(2_-O-Acetyl-3_O-cinnamoyl-4_-O-p-methoxy cinnamoyl-a-Lrhamnopyranosyl) catalpol, 6-O-(3_-O-Acetyl-2_-O-trans-cinnamoyl)-a-L-rhamnopyranosyl catalpol, 8-O-Acetylclandonoside, 8-O-Acetyl-6_-O-(p-coumaroyl)harpagide, 8-O-Acetyl-6-O-trans-p-coumaroylshanzhiside, 6-Acetyl deacetylasperuloside, 8-O-Acetyl-1-epi-shanzhigenin methyl ester, Acetylgaertneroside, 10-O-Acetylgeniposidic acid, 10-O-Acetyl-8a-hydroxydecapetaloside, 8-O-Acetyl-6b-hydroxyipolamide, 2-O-Acetyllamiridoside, 3-O-Acetylloganic acid, 4-O-Acetylloganic acid, 6-O-Acetylloganic acid, 6b-Acetyl-7b-(E)-p-methoxycinnamoyl-myxopyroside, 6b-Acetyl-7b-(Z)-p-methoxycinnamoyl-myxopyroside, 10-O-Acetylmonotropein, 8-O-Acetylmussaenoside, 10-O-Acetylpatrinoside, ...

The Golm Metabolome Database (GMD) facilitates the search for and dissemination of mass spectra from biologically active metabolites quantified using GC-MS.

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) initiates a number of major cellular responses that play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammation, including activation of neutrophils and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a key pro-inflammatory molecule synthesized from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase (COX) [1, 2]. There are two isoforms of the cyclooxygenase enzyme, i.e., cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [3]. COX-1 is a constitutively expressed molecule in different physiologic conditions (including protection of gastric mucosa and platelet hemostasis), whereas COX-2 is markedly upregulated upon inflammatory stimuli (in turn, inducing the production of large PGE2 amounts) [4]. Human neutrophils play a crucial role in COX-2 hyperexpression during inflammatory responses [5]. Although these mechanisms are essentially defensive, the prolonged or excessive activation of COX-2 in neutrophils can result in significant pain and swelling, such as that occurring in ...

With ever increasing regulatory requirements, the balance between the declining quality of incoming crude oil and the heavily regulated quality of

Huzhou Purestar Biochem Co.,Ltd is a professional plant extract manufacturer providing the ISO,HALAL,KOSHER approved herbal extract and Botanical Extract with reliable quality and reasonable price.

EWGs Skin Deep® database gives you practical solutions to protect yourself and your family from everyday exposures to chemicals in personal care products.

This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of Weeds of the U.S. ...

Eucommiaceae: Family of dicotyledonous flowering plants comprising the single species Eucommia ulmoides in the order Garryales. It is an elmlike tree native to temperate regions of central and...

China Raw Material catalog of Pure Herbal Extract Medicine Lonicera Japonica Honeysuckle, Slimming Green Tea GMP Standard provided by China manufacturer - Zhuhai Aoshun Medicine Co., Ltd., page1.

Plantago Extract market is segmented by Type, and by Application. Players, stakeholders, and other participants in the global Plantago Extract market will be able to gain the upper hand as they use the report as a powerful resource. The segmental ana...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. AU - Huang, Wei Jan. AU - Niu, Ho Shan. AU - Lin, Mei Hsiang. AU - Cheng, Juei Tang. AU - Hsu, Feng-Lin. PY - 2010/6/25. Y1 - 2010/6/25. N2 - The antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol (1) purified from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats) representing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Bolus intravenous injection of 1 showed antihyperglycemic activity in a dose-dependent manner in STZ-diabetic rats. An effective dose of 0.1 mg/kg 1 significantly attenuated the increase of plasma glucose induced by an intravenous glucose challenge test in normal rats. Catalpol enhanced the uptake of radioactive glucose in the isolated soleus muscle of STZ-diabetic rats in a concentration-related manner. Moreover, an effect by 1 was established on glycogen incorporation in hepatocytes isolated from STZ-diabetic rats. Catalpol was found to increase ...

Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) is used primarily as an adaptogen herb and also for its immunestimulant properties in Western herbal medicine. Another closely related species used in East Asian medicinesystems i.e. Kampo, TCM (Manchuria, Korea, Japan and Ainu of Hokkaido) and also called Siberian ginseng(Acanthopanax senticosus) also displays immune-stimulant and anti-cancer properties. These may affect tumourgrowth and also provide an anti-fatigue effect for cancer patients, in particular for those suffering from lungcancer. There is some evidence that a carbohydrate in Siberian ginseng may possess not only immune stimulatorybut also anti-tumour effects and also display other various anti-cancer properties. Our study aimed to determinethe inhibitory and also proliferative effects of a methanol plant extract of Siberan ginseng (E. senticosus) onvarious cancer and normal cell lines including: A-549 (small cell lung cancer), XWLC-05 (Yunnan lung cancercell line), CNE (human nasopharyngeal

Iridoid glycosides. On-line free medical diagnosis assistant. Ranked list of possible diseases from either several symptoms or a full patient history. A similarity measure between symptoms and diseases is provided.

Main Uses: A tea can be used to treat lung disorders and stomach problems.This same tea may be used as a mouthwash to treat sores in the mouth and toothaches. It may also be used externally to treat sores, cuts, scratches, blisters, insect bites and stings, hemorrhoids, burns, rashes, and other skin irritations. A poultice of the leaves may be applied to the affected area. This is probably plantains most common use. For relief from an insect bite, simply shred (or chew) a plantain leaf and hold it on the bite for a few minutes. Plantain is currently being marketed as a stop smoking aid. It is said that it causes an aversion to tobacco. Plantain seeds are very high in mucilage and fiber. The seeds of a closely related species (Plantago psyllium) are the primary ingredient in laxatives such as Metamucil. Common plantain seeds may be used in the same fashion. The mucilage from the seeds may also reduce high cholesterol ...

Appearance:Yellow brown powder;Sources:Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.)Harms;MOQ:25kg;Specification:0.8%;Siberian Ginseng P.E. 【Product Name】：Siberian Ginseng P.E.【Product Source

Chinese Herbs Organic Eucommia Leaf Cortex Duzhong For Lowering Cholesterol , Find Complete Details about Chinese Herbs Organic Eucommia Leaf Cortex Duzhong For Lowering Cholesterol,Eucommia Leaf Tea,Eucommia Barks,Du Zhong from Supplier or Manufacturer-Changsha Bei Nuo Imp & Exp Co., Ltd.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Iridoids in Hydrangeaceae. AU - Gousiadou, Chryssoula. AU - Li, Hong-Qing. AU - Gotfredsen, Charlotte Held. AU - Jensen, Søren Rosendal. PY - 2016. Y1 - 2016. N2 - The content of glycosides in Kirengeshoma palmata and Jamesia americana (Hydrangeaceae) have been investigated. The former contains loganin and secoiridoids, including the alkaloid demethylalangiside. The latter contains no iridoids, but the known glucosides arbutin, picein and prunasin. In order to futher investigate the chemotaxonomy of the family Hydrangeaceae, the distribution of the iridoid and secoiridoid glucosides as well as the known biosynthetic pathways to these compounds have been reviewed. However, only a few genera of the family has been investigated. Loganin, secologanin, and derivatives of these are common. The genus Deutzia is characteristic in containing more structurally simple iridoids in which C-10 has been lost during biosynthesis. Such compounds have so far only been reported from the genus ...

Plumeria is a small- to medium-sized landscape tree prized for its large clusters of leaves and fragrant flowers that bloom in a range of colors. When your plumerias leaves curl, it usually means you have a problem with the plants health. Insect pests and plumeria rust are the most common causes of plumeria leaf ...

Eucommia is a genus of small trees now native to China, with a fossil record that shows a much wider distribution. The single living species, Eucommia ulmoides, is near threatened in the wild, but is widely cultivated in China for its bark, and is highly valued in herbology such as traditional Chinese medicine. Modern Eucommia trees grow to about 15 m tall. The leaves are deciduous, arranged alternately, simple ovate with an acuminate tip, 8-16 cm (3.1-6.3 in) long, and with a serrated margin. If a leaf is torn across, strands of latex exude from the leaf veins and solidify into rubber and hold the two parts of the leaf together. It flowers from March to May with the flowers being inconspicuous, small, and greenish. The fruits ripen between June and November and are a winged samara with one seed, very similar to an elm samara in appearance. The modern fruits are 2-3 cm (0.79-1.18 in) long and 1-2 cm (0.39-0.79 in) broad, while fruits of the extinct species range up to 21 millimetres (0.83 in) ...

To investigate the effect of gentiopicrin on the expressions of inflammatory factors in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS) and the underlying mechanism. Human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (HFLS) were cultured in vitro at 37 °C in Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) in a humidified incubator containing 5 % CO2. Cell viability was determined using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, while real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the expressions of interleukin 1ß (IL-1ß) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNAs. The expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) were determined using Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the levels of IL-1ß and IL-6 in cell lysate. Treatment with 5-25 µM gentiopicrin did not significantly affect the number ...

Abstract: Backgroud: Pinoresinol (Pin) and pinoresinol monoglucoside (PMG) are plant-derived lignan molecules with multiple functions. We showed previously that an endophytic fungus from Eucommia ...

Palicourea rigida, an endangered medicinal plant from the Brazilian Cerrado, produces the iridoid glucoside loganin as an active principle. The objectives of this study were to establish a micropropag

This section wil include plumeria we offer in rooted form. Due to the nature of rooted plants the inventotry is constantly changing. You will find a rooted option as you click on each variety listed in this section. Please note all rooted plants are shipped bare root.. ...

Plumeria are tropical trees with dark green leathery leaves and white, yellow or pink flowers that are known for their heady fragrance. Although they can grow 20 feet tall or higher in the wild, gardeners often control their size by planting them in pots. Plumeria are easy to grow, but many bugs attack them.

This ColoringBook Bisque™ Plumeria Cross is simply stunning! Add your favorite tropical colors to these lovely plumeria blooms that are already fired on!

Alternative Medicine Review is the highest impact, peer-reviewed CAM journal for healthcare practitioners with FREE web access to archives, abstract database and more.

Diagnosing chronic bronchitis can be very difficult, because chronic bronchitis shares several symptoms with other diseases including pneumonia and emphysema. During the examination the doctor will ask you for a full medical history, and then run a full physical check up. Your doctor will ask you about any symptoms you are experiencing, and probably inquire about your smoking habits, because smoking cigarettes is the number one cause of chronic bronchitis. If the results are inconclusive, there are several different tests that may be done to see if you are suffering from chronic bronchitis ...

J rovec ma al je vysok strom, lidov naz van ka tan, s velk mi zubat mi listy a s b l mi erven a lut kropenat mi kv tn mi l stky. Plod je ostnat tobolka s velk m hn d m semenem, ka tanem. K ra i semeno obsahuj r zn aktivn l tky, saponiny zvy uj odolnost vl se nic, zlep uj iln tonus, sou asn p sob protiz n tliv a tak proti otok m. K ra je bohat na kumariny, p edev m aeskulin, jen m vlastnosti vitam nu P. Sni uje propustnost vl se nic, zvy uje jejich odolnost, podporuje nap . l bu hemoroid . J rovec je pou v n nejv ce jako prost edek proti iln nedostate nosti zp sobuj c n zk krevn tlak, pom h l it k e ov ly. Zlep uje stavy po razech jako vyvrtnut , zhmo d niny, v rony, antioxida n vlastnosti p sob na regeneraci poko ky, vyhlazuje vr sky a strie. Jitrocel kopinat (Plantago lanceolata) ...

Download this stock image: plumeria (frangipani) flowers - CRDWE7 from Alamys library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors.

Plumerias need very good drainage. The basic mix we recommend is cactus mix combined with pumice or Perlite to improve the drainage; others add with redwood chips or other compost. Plumerias will grow in poor soils and still produce an acceptable plant. If your soil drainage is poor, plant your plumeria in a raised planter bed with a good draining mix. Plumerias can successfully be grown as container plants.. ...

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15 Stk/partij 25Mm Polymer Clay Plumeria Bloem Kralen Diy Bali Sieraden Armband Ketting Craft Sieraden Maken Decoratie Accessoires,Koop van verkopers in China en van rond de hele wereld. Profiteer van gratis verzending, aanbiedingen beperkt in tijd, makkelijk retourneren en bescherming van de koper! Geniet van ✓Free verzending wereldwijd! ✓ Beperkte tijd te koop ✓Gemakkelijk rendement

The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus ...

Uncultivated is a multi-faceted art project focused on wild plants within urban landscapes, consisting of geo-referenced photographs, a corresponding website, commercial displays, and associated public events. Commonly known as weeds, Uncultivated encourages an empathetic view of these reviled plants and the natural environment we share in common while also reflecting upon the changing biodiversity of urban landscapes due to the effects of climate change.

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