Recent fate-mapping studies establish that microglia, the resident mononuclear phagocytes of the CNS, are distinct in origin from the bone marrow-derived myeloid lineage. Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8, also known as interferon consensus sequence binding protein) plays essential roles in development and function of the bone marrow-derived myeloid lineage. However, little is known about its roles in microglia. The CNS tissues of IRF8-deficient mice were immunohistochemically analyzed. Pure microglia isolated from wild-type and IRF8-deficient mice were studied in vitro by proliferation, immunocytochemical and phagocytosis assays. Microglial response in vivo was compared between wild-type and IRF8-deficient mice in the cuprizon-induced demyelination model. Our analysis of IRF8-deficient mice revealed that, in contrast to compromised development of IRF8-deficient bone marrow myeloid lineage cells, development and colonization of microglia are not obviously affected by loss of IRF8. However, IRF8

TY - JOUR. T1 - Shear stress modulates VCAM-1 expression in response to TNF-α and dietary lipids via interferon regulatory factor-1 in cultured endothelium. AU - Deverse, J. Sherrod. AU - Sandhu, Angad S.. AU - Mendoza, Natalie. AU - Edwards, Christina M.. AU - Sun, Chongxiu. AU - Simon, Scott I.. AU - Passerini, Anthony G.. PY - 2013/10/15. Y1 - 2013/10/15. N2 - Dyslipidemia is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the specific mechanisms that determine the localization of atherosclerotic plaques in arteries are not well defined. Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL) isolated from human plasma after a high-fat meal modulate TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 expression in cultured human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) via an interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1-dependent transcriptional mechanism. We examined whether fluid shear stress acts as a mediator of IRF-1-dependent VCAM-1 expression in response to cytokine and dietary lipids. IRF-1 and VCAM-1 were examined by immunofluorescence in ...

We previously described the polymorphism in the interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) gene as a novel correlate of resistance to HIV-1 infection in a Kenyan female sex worker cohort. However, the underlying mechanisms likely mediating this association remained to be elucidated. The initiation of HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) transcription in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from subjects with different IRF-1 haplotypes, representing protective, intermediate and the least protective IRF-1 allele combinations, were investigated here. A single-cycle pseudovirus construct expressing vesicular stomatitis virus envelop G-protein (VSV-G) and having an HIV-1 pNL4.3 backbone with luciferase insert was used to infect PBMCs with different IRF-1 haplotypes. The efficiency of early HIV-1 LTR transcription was monitored using a luciferase assay. IRF-1 protein levels induced by the infection were measured by quantitative Western blot. Our results showed that PBMCs with the protective IRF-1 ...

Increased expression of interferon (IFN)-inducible genes is implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). One transcription factor responsible for regulating IFN, interferon regulatory factor-5 (IRF5), has been associated with SLE in genetic studies of Asian, Caucasian and Hispanic populations. We genotyped up to seven polymorphic loci in or near IRF5 in a total of 4870 African-American and Caucasian subjects (1829 SLE sporadic cases and 3041 controls) from two independent studies. Population-based case-control comparisons were performed using the Pearsons χ2-test statistics and haplotypes were inferred using HaploView. We observed significant novel associations with the IRF5 variants rs2004640 and rs3807306 in African Americans and replicated previously reported associations in Caucasians. While we identified risk haplotypes, the majority of haplotypic effects were accounted for by one SNP (rs3807306) in conditional analyses. We conclude that genetic variants of IRF5 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A benzamide-linked small molecule HS-Cf inhibits TNF-α-induced interferon regulatory factor-1 in porcine chondrocytes. T2 - A potential disease-modifying drug for osteoarthritis therapeutics. AU - Liu, Feng Cheng. AU - Huang, Hsu Shan. AU - Huang, Chuan Yueh. AU - Yang, Ro. AU - Chang, Deh Ming. AU - Lai, Jenn Haung. AU - Ho, Ling Jun. PY - 2011/12. Y1 - 2011/12. N2 - Background Using tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-activated porcine chondrocytes as a screening tool, we aim to synthesize and identify small-molecule inhibitors preserving immunomodulatory effects as therapeutics for osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Chondrocytes were isolated from pig joints. A minilibrary of 300 benzamide-linked small molecules was established. The levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured by Western blot and Griess reaction, respectively. Proteoglycan degradation in cartilage explants was determined by histochemistry analysis. The activation of ...

IFN Regulatory Factor-2 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 133 amino acids.

IRF7 encodes interferon regulatory factor 7, a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family. IRF7 has been shown to play a role in the transcriptional activation of virus-inducible cellular genes, including the type I interferon genes. In particular, IRF7 regulates many interferon-alpha genes.[5] Constitutive expression of IRF7 is largely restricted to lymphoid tissue, largely plasmacytoid dendritic cells, whereas IRF7 is inducible in many tissues. Multiple IRF7 transcript variants have been identified, although the functional consequences of these have not yet been established.[6] The IRF7 pathway was shown to be silenced in some metastatic breast cancer cell lines, which may help the cells avoid the host immune response.[7] Restoring IRF7 to these cell lines reduced metastases and increased host survival time in animal models. The IRF7 gene and product were shown to be defective in a patient with severe susceptibility to H1N1 influenza, while susceptibility to other ...

human EXPAND1 protein: a nucleosome-binding protein with a PWWP domain; GenBank BC110874; do not confuse with interferon regulatory factor-4, also known as MUM1

The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors control the expression of several interferon genes, and are involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) was discovered based on its homology to IRF-1 and IRF-2. IRF3 is produced as an inactive cytoplasmic form that dimerizes and forms a complex with CREB-binding protein, after phosphorylation of Ser-386. This complex translocates to the nucleus and activates the transcription of interferons alpha and beta, as well as other interferon-induced genes. IRF-3 plays an important role in the innate immune systems response to viral infection. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling can also induce dimerization and phosphorylation of IRF-3. IRF-3 has been shown to induce significant apoptosis in primary macrophages.. ...

The interferon regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors control the expression of several interferon genes, and are involved in the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. Interferon regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) was discovered based on its homology to IRF-1 and IRF-2. IRF3 is produced as an inactive cytoplasmic form that dimerizes and forms a complex with CREB-binding protein, after phosphorylation of Ser-386. This complex translocates to the nucleus and activates the transcription of interferons alpha and beta, as well as other interferon-induced genes. IRF-3 plays an important role in the innate immune systems response to viral infection. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling can also induce dimerization and phosphorylation of IRF-3. IRF-3 has been shown to induce significant apoptosis in primary macrophages.. ...

Tliba, O., Damera, G., Banerjee, A., Gu, S., Baidouri, H., Keslacy, S. and Amrani, Y. (2008) Cytokines induce an early steroid resistance in airway smooth muscle cells Novel role of interferon regulatory factor-1. American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 38, 463-472. Epub 18 October 2007. doi10.1165/rcmb.2007-0226OC

IRF1 (англ. Interferon regulatory factor 1) - білок, який кодується однойменним геном, розташованим у людей на короткому плечі 5-ї хромосоми. [3] Довжина поліпептидного ланцюга білка становить 325 амінокислот, а молекулярна маса - 36 502[4]. ...

pep:known chromosome:VEGA66:11:53770014:53777323:1 gene:OTTMUSG00000005648 transcript:OTTMUST00000012563 gene_biotype:protein_coding transcript_biotype:protein_coding gene_symbol:Irf1 description:interferon regulatory factor 1 ...

The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) binds tightly to the interferon (IFN)-beta promoter and has been implicated in the induction of type I IFNs. We generated mice devoid of functional IRF-1 by targeted gene disruption. As reported by others, IRF-1-deficient mice showed a discrete phenotype: the CD4/CD8 ratio was increased and IFN-gamma-induced levels of macrophage iNO synthase mRNA were strongly diminished. However, type I IFN induction in vivo by virus or double-stranded RNA was unimpaired, as evidenced by serum IFN titers and IFN mRNA levels in spleen, liver and lung. There was also no impairment in the response of type I IFN-inducible genes. Therefore, IRF-1 is not essential for these processes in vivo. Reis, L. F.; Ruffner, H.; Stark, G.; Aguet, M.; Weissmann, C.

p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...

p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...

Rabbit anti IRF8 antibody recognizes Interferon regulatory factor 8, (IRF8) also known as Interferon consensus sequence-binding protein (I

Complete information for IRF1 gene (Protein Coding), Interferon Regulatory Factor 1, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium

Complete information for IRF2 gene (Protein Coding), Interferon Regulatory Factor 2, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium

TY - JOUR. T1 - Characterization of the interferon regulatory factor 3-mediated antiviral response in a cell line deficient for IFN production. AU - Chew, Tracy. AU - Noyce, Ryan. AU - Collins, Susan E.. AU - Hancock, Meaghan H.. AU - Mossman, Karen L.. PY - 2009/1/1. Y1 - 2009/1/1. N2 - The innate cellular response to virus particle entry in non-immune cells requires the transcriptional activity of interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF-3), but not production of type I interferon (IFN). Here, we characterize the IFN-independent innate cellular response to virus-derived stimuli in Vero cells, a monkey kidney epithelial cell line deficient for IFN production. We provide evidence that Vero cells are deficient in their ability to mount an IRF-3-dependent, IFN-independent antiviral response against either incoming virus particles or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (pIC), a dsRNA mimetic. We further demonstrate that abundance of IRF-3 protein is a determinant in the pIC-mediated antiviral signalling ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Interferon regulatory factor 3 plays an anti-inflammatory role in microglia by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. AU - Tarassishin, Leonid. AU - Suh, Hyeon Sook. AU - Lee, Sunhee C.. PY - 2011/12/30. Y1 - 2011/12/30. N2 - Background: Microglia are the principal cells involved in the innate immune response in the CNS. Activated microglia produce a number of proinflammatory cytokines implicated in neurotoxicity but they also are a major source of anti-inflammatory cytokines, antiviral proteins and growth factors. Therefore, an immune therapy aiming at suppressing the proinflammatory phenotype while enhancing the anti-inflammatory, growth promoting phenotype would be of great benefit. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), a transcription factor required for the induction of IFNβ following TLR3 or TLR4 activation, is critical to the microglial phenotype change from proinflammatory to anti-inflammatory, and that this phenotype change ...

The levels of PVT1-214, microRNA (miR)-128, and interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) in CRC tissues and cell lines were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Log-rank test was applied to evaluate the role of high PVT1-214 levels in shortening the overall survival of CRC patients. Chi-square test was to assess the relation between PVT1-214 expression and clinicopathological features of CRC patients. CCK8 assays tested the cell proliferation of oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cells (HCT116/Oxa and SW480/Oxa) with PVT1-214 knockdown. The underlying regulatory mechanism between PVT1-214 and miR-128 was predicted by bioinformatics and verified by RNA transfection, qRT-PCR and western blotting. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was done to examine the relationship between or IRF-1 and the PVT1-214 gene ...

Rabbit polyclonal Interferon regulatory factor 9 antibody validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF and tested in Human. Referenced in 1 publication and 1 independent…

Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) is a novel and unique member of the IRF family of transcription factors, and the regulation and function of IRF6 remain unknown. Recently, IRF6 was shown to be...