Populations of southern right whales plummeted as a result of commercial whaling.. Susan Crocetti, the marine wildlife team leader with the NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service, said the south-eastern population had not recovered to the same extent as populations off the coast of Western Australia, which were estimated to number about 3,000 individuals.. Our population is under 300 we and dont fully know why, she said. There just isnt a critical mass and momentum in the population for them to have recovered.. Southern right whales migrate from Antarctica each year to breed and calve in waters off the Australian east coast from about May until September or October, with the peak around July.. Unlike humpback whales, which motor up towards Queensland, southern right whales will spend time around the coastal bays of NSW to breed and give birth.. Every southern right whale has hardened patches of skin on its head. The patches are known as callosities and form patterns that are unique - like ...

The southern right whale dolphin is a an underwater mammal that can be found in the cool waters of the southern hemisphere. This animal was first published in

Since the decimation of the southern right whale Eubalaena australis population in New Zealand by whaling, research on its recovery has focused on the wintering ground at the Auckland Islands, neglecting potentially important wintering habitat at Campbell Island. For the first time in 20 years we conducted an expedition to sub-Antarctic Campbell Island to document and describe E. australis occupying this wintering habitat. We used a variety of methods including photo-identification, genetic and stable isotope analyses of tissue samples, and visual surveys of abundance and distribution, to provide details on the demography, population connectivity and ecology of E. australis wintering at Campbell Island. Our primary findings include (1) a lack of calves observed at Campbell Island, (2) an age-class bias toward sub-adults encountered at Campbell Island, (3) nine photo-identification matches between individuals observed at Campbell Island and previously documented elsewhere in New Zealand, (4) no ...

We have studied the regulation of the extracellular chymoelastase protease (Pr1) of Metarhizium anisopliae, an enzyme involved in the penetration of insect cuticle by Metarhizium and other entomopathogenic fungi. We report here the isolation and characterization of a Pr1 cDNA clone with a full length insert. Pr1 is synthesized as a large precursor (40.3 kDa) containing a signal peptide and a propeptide and the mature protein is predicted to have a relative molecular mass of 28.6 kDa. The primary structure of Pr1 shares extensive homology (30-60%) with enzymes of the subtilisin subclass of the serine endopeptidases and the serine, histidine and aspartyl components of the active site in subtilisins are preserved. The genes coding for chymoelastase or slightly altered versions thereof, can be used to transform various organisms (i.e. fungi, viruses, plants, bacteria, etc.) such that the transformed organisms are capable of producing chymoelastase in recoverable quantities. Fragments and derviatives ...

The dermal bone sculpture of early, basal tetrapods of the Permo-Carboniferous is unlike the bone surface of any living vertebrate, and its function has long been obscure. Drawing from physiological studies of extant tetrapods, where dermal bone or other calcified tissues aid in regulating acid-base balance relating to hypercapnia (excess blood carbon dioxide) and/or lactate acidosis, we propose a similar function for these sculptured dermal bones in early tetrapods. Unlike the condition in modern reptiles, which experience hypercapnia when submerged in water, these animals would have experienced hypercapnia on land, owing to likely inefficient means of eliminating carbon dioxide. The different patterns of dermal bone sculpture in these tetrapods largely correlates with levels of terrestriality: sculpture is reduced or lost in stem amniotes that likely had the more efficient lung ventilation mode of costal aspiration, and in small-sized stem amphibians that would have been able to use the skin for gas

Southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) in South Africa have been extensively studied since 1979 through annual photo-identification surveys. The resulting database revealed an increased rate of reproductive failure in the last decade. As reproductive success is mediated through body condition, this study aimed to assess the body condition and physiological indicators of stress of southern right whales on the South Africa breeding ground at present, and compare it to historical data and other populations. For this, aerial photographs of southern right whales were collected using an unmanned aerial vehicle in September 2019 from which body condition was assessed. Additionally, blubber biopsy samples were collected for glucocorticoid (GC) analysis and compared to the body condition estimates of individual whales. To assess temporal change, analogue aerial photographs taken in coastal South Africa in 1988 and 1989 were selected and digitized for body condition measurements, and compared to the ...

Background Serine proteases secreted by nematode and insect pathogenic fungi are bio-control agents which have commercial potential for developing into effective bio-pesticides. A thorough...

...AUCKLAND New Zealand The first paternity study of southern right wha...Results of the study by researchers at the University of Auckland Or...The study found that most of the right whales born near the remote sub... This finding gives us information on the breeding behavior of right w...,First,paternity,study,of,southern,right,whales,finds,local,fathers,most,successful,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current biology news,biology newsletters

Hair Candy is a unique blend of Nutrients selected to promote the growth of the healthiest Hair Skin & Nails possible, which comprise our bodys largest organ system; the Integumentary System. The ONLY system where tissues never stop growing. Due to this, the Integumentary System has a vast nutrient requirement, which in most cases is impossible to meet from even the healthiest diet. The special formula in this product gives you the Biotin Boost you need to make your hair stronger, thicker, & shinier, your skin look years younger, and your nails stronger.. These active ingredients in our fabulous Hair Candy help to give you the BIOTIN BOOST to assist your body in producing healthy nails, skin and hair! Our hair vitamin / supplement also has many multi-vitamin properties to help in the overall health!. Vitamin A…this vitamin helps your skin, eyes and mucous membranes stay moist and no one likes to have dry mucous membranes do they? You can either take Hair Candy or eat beef liver to get the ...

Involvement of Wnt, Eda and Shh at defined stages of sweat gland development[1] Sweat gland induction failed completely when canonical Wnt signaling was blocked in skin epithelium, and was accompanied by sharp downregulation of downstream Wnt, Eda and Shh pathway genes. The Wnt antagonist Dkk4 appeared to inhibit this induction: Dkk4 was sharply downregulated in β-catenin-ablated mice, indicating that it is induced by Wnt/β-catenin; however, its overexpression repressed Wnt target genes and significantly reduced gland numbers. Eda signaling succeeded Wnt. Wnt signaling was still active and nascent sweat gland pre-germs were still seen in Eda-null mice, but the pre-germs failed to develop further and the downstream Shh pathway was not activated. When Wnt and Eda were intact but Shh was ablated, germ induction and subsequent duct formation occurred normally, but the final stage of secretory coil formation failed. Thus, sweat gland development shows a relay of regulatory steps initiated by ...

Im a klutz. Always have been. Probably always will be. I blame my clumsiness on the fact that I didnt crawl. Apparently I was sitting around one day and toddling on two feet the next. Whatever the cause, its a well-tested fact that Im not good on icy footpaths. Various parts of my anatomy have gotten up close and personal with frozen ground on many an occasion. Not usually an issue for a born-and-bred Australian, except when said Australian goes to visit her Canadian family during the northern winter. During one such visit, I found myself unceremoniously plopped onto slick ice while my two-year-old niece frolicked around me with sure-footed abandon. I thought, There has to be an easier way. As freezing water seeped through my jeans, providing a useful cold pack for my screaming coccyx, my memory was jogged. I recalled that a lateral-thinking group of New Zealand researchers had won the Ignoble Prize for Physics for demonstrating that wearing socks on the outsides of shoes reduces the ...

Medical Legal Art creates medical demonstrative evidence (medical illustrations, drawings, pictures, graphics, charts, medical animations, anatomical models, and interactive presentations) for use during legal proceedings, including research, demand letters, client conferences, depositions, arbitrations, mediations, settlement conferences, mock jury trials and for use in the courtroom. We do not provide legal or medical advice. If you have legal questions, you should find a lawyer with whom you can discuss your case issues. If you have medical questions, you should seek the advice of a healthcare provider ...

Learn about the veterinary topic of Overview of Parakeratosis. Find specific details on this topic and related topics from the Merck Vet Manual.

Learn about the veterinary topic of Exudative Epidermitis in Pigs. Find specific details on this topic and related topics from the MSD Vet Manual.

The population at the sub-Antarctic Auckland Islands is showing a remarkable recovery but continues to have some of the lowest genetic diversities in the world.[151] In the Campbell Islands, recovery is slower.[41] Here, the population is estimated to have dropped to as low as 20 individuals post WWII.[129] There had been no confirmed sightings or strandings of right whales for 36 years until 1963 when four separate sightings including a cow-calf pair were made over a wide area. Remnants of sub-Antarctic populations were reported in the 1980s and re-discovered in the 1990s.[129] Today, the majority of right whales congregate at the Auckland and Campbell Islands, where they form exceptionally dense and limited congregations including mating adults and calving females. In the waters around Port Ross[152] up to 200 whales may winter at the same time.[153] It is notable that whales of all age groups[154] are present in this small area annually, not only using them as feeding and summering[155] ...

Epic offroad bike tours require you to bring all the essential tools and gear to keep from being stranded in the middle of nowhere. Designed to employ the unused space in your frame, MidLoader carries the heaviest items for your bike adventure. Constructed of lightweight, highly water-resistant and durable materials, it mounts and removes quickly with hook-and-loop fasteners. Two water-resistant zippered openings provide easy access to all your gear from either side. - Material: Polyethylene / nylon lightweight, durable, water repellent and stain resistant - Bag Attachment: Hook-and-loop fastener - Top Tube Diameter: Fits 45 - 66mm - Down Tube Diameter: Fits 38 - 70mm - Seat Tube Diameter: Fits 28 - 60mm Size - 3L: 37.5 x 12 x 6cm / 14.8 x 4.7 x 2.4 - 4.5L: 46 x 12 x 6cm / 18.1 x 4.7 x 2.4 - 6L: 54.5 x 13.5 x 6cm / 21.5 x 5.3 x 2.4 Weight - 3L: 277g / 9.77oz - 4.5L: 292g / 10.30oz - 6L: 337g / 11.89 ...

The southern right whales (Eubalaena australis) were intensely exploited in the Southern Hemisphere between the 18th and 20th centuries. Although the species has been protected internationally from commercial whaling since 1935, some populations were further depleted by illegal catches until the early 1970s. Current estimates suggest that there are approximately 7,000 southern right whales, which is thought to represent a small fraction (about 5%) of its population size prior to commerical whaling. Although some populations have shown signs of recovery, the species is still vulnerable and cited under Appendix I of the International Trade of Endangered Species Fauna and Flora (CITES) and on the IUCN red list of endangered species at risk of extinction (IUCN 2000). Current genetic analyses, involving the use of mithocondrial and nuclear markers (e.g. microsatellites), has focused on the existent levels of genetic variability and extent of gene flow with other wintering grounds (e.g. Peninsula ...

Fifteen percent of all diabetic patients will develop a diabetic leg ulcer; 6% of these will be hospitalized related to complications with these wounds.

Contents Preface / Acknowledgments / List of Clinical Blue Boxes / Figure Credits /1 Overview and Basic Concepts / APPROACHES TO STUDYING ANATOMY / Regional Anatomy / Systemic Anatomy / Clinical Anatomy / ANATOMICOMEDICAL TERMINOLOGY / Anatomical Position / Anatomical Planes / Terms of Relationship and Comparison / Terms of Laterality / Terms of Movement / ANATOMICAL VARIATIONS / INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM / FASCIAS, FASCIAL COMPARTMENTS, BURSAE, AND POTENTIAL SPACES / SKELETAL SYSTEM / Cartilage and Bones / Classification of Bones / Bone Markings and Formations Bone Development / Vasculature and Innervation of Bones / Joints / MUSCLE TISSUE AND MUSCULAR SYSTEM / Types of Muscle (Muscle Tissue) / Skeletal Muscles / Cardiac Striated Muscle / Smooth Muscle / CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM / Vascular Circuits / Blood Vessels / LYMPHOID SYSTEM / NERVOUS SYSTEM / Central Nervous System / Peripheral Nervous System / Somatic Nervous System / Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) / MEDICAL IMAGING TECHNIQUES / Conventional ...

Plasma Skin Tightening Functions of the Skin Lesson Content 0% Complete 0/5 Steps The Epidermis The structure of the dermis The subcutaneous layer Process of skin Ageing of the Skin Previous Lesson Back to Course Next Lesson When shaving, ensure that you are gentle and careful, and always shave in the direction of the hair. Receptors that detect pressure (mechanoreceptors), pain (nociceptors), and heat (thermoreceptors) are based in the dermis. Draw a label diagram of the skin and describe its structures and key parts (See diagram attached) The skin is the largest organ in the human body. Therefore, our skin is deemed as our bodys first line of defense. Functions of the skin. The skin helps release or preservation of heat. Protective Barrier. Protection: Your skin is a protective barrier to outside elements. This resistance is because of the outer most part of the skin which is … The skin and its accessory structures make up the integumentary system, which provides the body with overall ...

The skin is the largest organ of the body. The skin and its derivatives (hair, nails, sweat and oil glands) make up the integumentary system. One of the main functions of the skin is protection. It protects the body from external factors such as bacteria, chemicals, and temperature. The skin contains secretions that can kill bacteria and the pigment melanin provides a chemical pigment defense against ultraviolet light that can damage skin cells. Another important function of the skin is body temperature regulation. When the skin is exposed to a cold temperature, the blood vessels in the dermis constrict. This allows the blood which is warm, to bypass the skin. The skin then becomes the temperature of the cold it is exposed to. Body heat is conserved since the blood vessels are not diverting heat to the skin anymore. Among its many functions the skin is an incredible organ always protecting the body from external agents.. ...

The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails and exocrine glands. The skin forms the bodys outer covering and protects the body from chemicals, disease, UV light and physical damage. Hair and nails extend from the skin to reinforce the skin and protection from the environment. Exocrine glands produce sweat, oil and wax to cool, moisturize and protect the skins surface.. ...

COPD (emphysema and chronic obstructive bronchitis) : Disease caused by long-term irritation to the lungs which makes it hard to breathe. The airflow restriction is progressive and linked with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to particles or gases, (such a cigaretter smoke). Video: Integumentary System Muscular System The skeletal system is made up of all of the bones and joints in the body. Each bone is an organ made up of many cells, protein fibers, and minerals. The skeleton provides support and protection for the soft tissues that make up the rest of the body. The skeletal system also provides attachment points for muscles to allow movements at the joints. The skeleton grows throughout childhood and provides a framework for the rest of the body to grow along with it. What is it? Video Functions: Diseases: What is it? Functions: Diseases: The skeletal system supports the body, protects the organs, helps with muscle attachment, levers movement, issues blood cell formation, and is ...

1. Anatomy, Physiology and Disease: Learning the Language. 2. The Human Body: Reading the Map. 3. Biochemistry: The Ingredients of Life. 4. The Cells: The Raw Materials and Building Blocks. 5. Tissues and Systems: The Inside Story. 6. The Skeletal System: The Framework. 7. The Muscular System: Movement for the Journey. 8. The Integumentary System: The Protective Covering. 9. The Nervous System: The Bodys Control Center. 10. The Endocrine System: The Bodys Other Control Center. 11. The Senses: The Sights and Sounds. 12. The Cardiovascular System: Transport and Supply. 13. The Respiratory System: Its a Gas. 14. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems: Your Defense Systems. 15. The Gastrointestinal System: Fuel for the Trip. 16. The Urinary System: Filtration and Fluid Balance. 17. The Reproductive System: Replacement and Repair. 18. Basic Diagnostic Tests: Assessing the Systems. 19. The Journeys End: Now What? The Study Success Companion: The Key to Your Successful Journey. Appendix A: Medical ...

1 Organization of the Human Body. 2 Introductory Chemistry.. 3 Cells and Tissues.. 4 The Integumentary System.. 5 The Skeletal System.. 6 The Muscular System.. 7 The Nervous System.. 8 Somatic Senses and Special Senses.. 9 The Endocrine System.. 10 The Cardiovascular System: Blood.. 11 The Cardiovascular System: Heart, Blood Vessels, and Circulation.. 12 The Lymphatic System and Immunity.. 13 The Respiratory System.. 14 The Digestive System, Nutrition, and Metabolism.. 15 The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance.. 16 The Reproductive Systems.. Appendix A Periodic Table.. Appendix B Measurements.. Appendix C Answers to Self-Tests.. Glossary.. Line Art Credits.. Photo Credits.. Index. ...

1 Organization of the Human Body. 2 Introductory Chemistry.. 3 Cells and Tissues.. 4 The Integumentary System.. 5 The Skeletal System.. 6 The Muscular System.. 7 The Nervous System.. 8 Somatic Senses and Special Senses.. 9 The Endocrine System.. 10 The Cardiovascular System: Blood.. 11 The Cardiovascular System: Heart, Blood Vessels, and Circulation.. 12 The Lymphatic System and Immunity.. 13 The Respiratory System.. 14 The Digestive System, Nutrition, and Metabolism.. 15 The Urinary System, Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance.. 16 The Reproductive Systems.. Appendix A Periodic Table.. Appendix B Measurements.. Appendix C Answers to Self-Tests.. Glossary.. Line Art Credits.. Photo Credits.. Index. ...

As the old saying goes, you are what you eat; in this case, literally! The question on my mind lately is, how does what you eat really show through in your skin? What foods are best (and worst) to eat for what purpose? Your skin (the integumentary system) is the largest organ in your body. With that in mind, it is obvious that anything you put into your body is bound to have an effect on your skin, just as it does any other organ in the body. In fact, your diet plays a major role in everything ...

The skin has been described as the largest organ of the integumentary system (Levenson, 2008). One condition affecting the skin organ is burn injuries. Serious or severe burn injuries have been described as a life-threatening state that challenges all of the integrating systems in the body (Sveen, Dyster-Aas, & Willebrand, 2009). Serious burn injuries are […]. ...

Get information, facts, and pictures about Integument at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about Integument easy with credible articles from our FREE, online encyclopedia and dictionary.

Endoparasitic and predatory nematophagous fungi are widely distributed throughout the maritime Antarctic, being recorded along the Antarctic Peninsula as far south as 68° S. Fungi were recorded from 71% of the sites examined with Cephalosporium balanoides and Dactylaria gracilis being the commonest recorded endoparasite and predator, respectively. Endoparasites with adhesive and nematode-attracting conidia were shown to be more abundant and to have a competitive advantage in the Antarctic ecosystem over those parasites requiring their conidia to be ingested before infection could occur. Predators able to form traps spontaneously on germination were shown to be far more abundant than those species with a more saprophytic mode of existence, with constricting rings being the most commonly isolated trapping mechanism. Species capturing nematodes by three-dimensional networks were restricted to bird-associated sites indicating that they are able to grow saprophytically in such organically enriched ...

Every year southern right whales head to Hermanus to calve, and its along the accessible Cliff Path trail where youll get some of the best opportunities to see these giant mammals. However, just next door to the cliff path, to the luxury lodge is the New Harbour. If you really want to get closer to the whales and see them in their element, book a boat tour. Its a remarkable experience being able to see more detail on their bodies and sometimes even their eyes (the whales sometimes swim closer to the crafts). ...

Southern right whale picture by Brian Skerry The continued increase in the storage capacity and battery life of acoustic recorders is allowing industry and academia to collect passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) data over ever larger spatial and temporal scales. With this glut of new data comes a problem - what do we do with all…

Identifying Characteristics of the Phylum Platyhelminthes Acoelomate Exhibit bilateral symmetry Have a bilateral nervous system with cephalization at the head end. Some species exhibit eyespots sensitive to light Possess a Gastrovascular Cavity (GVC) and primitive organ systems for digestion and excretion Do not have a circulatory or respiratory system but do take in O2 through their body surface (integumentary exchange) Hermaphroditic : can reproduce sexually (do not self fertilize) or asexually by regeneration Are motile and utilize an undulation form of motion Found in marine, freshwater and damp terrestrial habitats

This course is the first semester of a lecture and laboratory sequence in human anatomy and physiology. Human anatomy and physiology are studied using a body systems approach, with emphasis on the interrelationships between form and function at the gross and microscopic levels of organization. Homeostasis is an integrating theme throughout this course. Topics include anatomic and directional terminology, cellular processes, tissue classification, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. Clinical applications of anatomy and physiology are also introduced. The laboratory component of the course parallels and reinforces lecture concepts through the use of models, histological slides, dissection of animal specimens and exercises in physiology. This course is intended for anyone interested in gaining a better understanding of the structure and functioning of the human body.

This lecture will cover the early development of the ectoderm layer of the trilaminar embryo. Note that we will be returning later to discuss neural (central nervous system; brain and spinal cord) and neural crest (peripheral nervous system; sensory and sympathetic ganglia). Epidermis (integumentary, skin contribution) development will be briefly mentioned due to its ectoderm origin, but will also be covered later in the current course. ...

ORGAN SYSTEMS BIOLOGY EOC REVIEW. Organ System Overview. Skeletal Protects and supports body organs Provides muscle attachment for movement Site of blood cell formation Stores minerals. Figure 1.2b. Organ System Overview. Integumentary Forms the external body covering Slideshow 6840934 by...

Witness also Epidermis; set dieases anatomic and physiologic variations and, 877, 877f assessment of, 880 vigour recital in, 880 laboratory/diagnostic tests in, 880, 881d medical treatments in search, 877, 878dВ-879d nursing punctiliousness script in behalf of, 882dВ-883d nursing diagnoses/interventions in, 880В-881 nursing proceeding as regards child with, 880В-881 manifest enquiry in, 880 Integumentary combination in adolescents, 185 in infants, 70, 71f Bookish disablement, 1113В-1114 nursing assessment in, 1113В-1114 nursing superintendence of, 1114 pathophysiology of, 1113 corrective directorship of, 1113 Interferons, to neoplastic disorders, 1026d Interleukins, 1026d Oecumenical Cooperative championing the Study of Smarting, 405 Internationally adopted foetus, healthfulness supervision of, 238 Internet work, 51 Interpreters, working with, 224В-225, 226b Intestine, 695 Intracranial arteriovenous malformation (AVM), 529 Intracranial to (ICP), 502 increased, 506 as oncologic ...

An opportunistic infection is an infection caused by pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa) that take advantage of an opportunity not normally available, such as a host with a weakened immune system, an altered microbiota (such as a disrupted gut flora), or breached integumentary barriers. Many of these pathogens do not cause disease in a healthy host that has a normal immune system. However, a compromised immune system, a penetrating injury, or a lack of competition from normal commensals presents an opportunity for the pathogen to infect. Immunodeficiency or immunosuppression can be caused by: Malnutrition Fatigue Recurrent infections Immunosuppressing agents for organ transplant recipients Advanced HIV infection Chemotherapy for cancer Genetic predisposition Skin damage Antibiotic treatment leading to disruption of the physiological microbiome, thus allowing some microorganisms to outcompete others and become pathogenic (e.g. disruption of intestinal flora may lead to Clostridium ...

Biology Assignment Help, Excretion in earthworm, EXCRETIO N IN EARTHWORM - Main organs are nephredia, pharyngeal, integumentary & septed nephredia. Main are septal nephredia situated on septa.Nephrostome present. Body is having twisted & straight lobe. Terminal duct opens into gut in the

BIO 246 Human Anatomy and Physiology I 4 Units. First of a two-semester sequence in human anatomy and physiology. Topics include the structure and function of cells, tissues, and the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems. Introduces common human disease processes. Emphasis is on interrelationships among systems and regulation of physiological functions involved in maintaining homeostasis. Laboratory component includes anatomical studies using microscopy and dissection and the study of physiological concepts via experimentation. Lab time is included in the schedule. A lab fee is required. Prerequisite: C- or better in BIO 111 or consent of instructor. Offered annually (fall semester ...

This course begins with an analysis of the structural foundation of the body and its ability to function integrating the levels of organization: chemical cellular, tissue, organ, and system. The course then emphasizes the anatomical structure, physiology, and selective disease processes specific to the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, lymphatic, circulatory, and respiratory systems. Mechanisms by which the body maintains fluid and electrolyte balance and acid base balance are also emphasized. Upon successful completion of this course, students should be able to:. Analyze the architectural plan of the human body as a whole, the organization of its functional units, and the mechanisms by which it performs its various activities ...

APTA is asking active physical therapist members to consider serving on a Federation of State Boards of Physical Therapy (FSBPT) examination committee. Under the 1989 Transfer Agreement of the physical therapy licensing examination and a more recent settlement agreement, APTA is entitled to seat candidates for at least 40% of the positions on the FSBPT Examination Development Committees. This year APTA will be providing 1 nominee for the Examination Development Committee-PT (EDC-PT) and 1 nominee for the Item Bank Review Committee-PTA (IBRC-PTA).. Experience as National Physical Therapy Examinations (NPTE) item writers or American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties (ABPTS) writers is desired but not required. For the EDC-PT, the nominee must have expertise in musculoskeletal or acute care. For the IBRC-PTA, the nominee must have expertise in integumentary or cardiovascular/pulmonary.. To be considered for nomination, complete and submit a personal information form and a current résumé/CV by ...

Alleviating impairment, functional limitation, or disabilities by designing, implementing, or modifying therapeutic interventions which may include any of the following: Therapeutic exercise; functional training in home, community, or work integration or reintegration related to physical movement and mobility; therapeutic massage; mobilization or manual therapy; recommendation, application, and fabrication of assistive, adaptive, protective, and supportive devices and equipment; airway clearance techniques; integumentary protection techniques; nonsurgical debridement and wound care; physical agents or modalities; mechanical and electrotherapeutic modalities; and patient-related instruction; but which does not include the making of a medical diagnosis ...

Unit VII: Adult Health Nursing 41.Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology 42.Care of the Surgical Patient 43.Care of the Patient with an Integumentary Disorder 44.Care of the Patient with a Musculoskeletal Disorder 45.Care of the Patient with a Gastrointestinal Disorder 46.Care of the Patient with a Gallbladder, Liver, Biliary Tract, or Exocrine Pancreatic Disorder 47.Care of the Patient with a Blood or Lymphatic Disorder 48.Care of the Patient with a Cardiovascular or a Peripheral Vascular Disorder 49.Care of the Patient with a Respiratory Disorder 50.Care of the Patient with a Urinary Disorder 51.Care of the Patient with an Endocrine Disorder 52.Care of the Patient with a Reproductive Disorder 53.Care of the Patient with a Visual or Auditory Disorder 54.Care of the Patient with a Neurological Disorder 55.Care of the Patient with an Immune Disorder 56.Care of the Patient with HIV/AIDS 57.Care of the Patient with ...

Which system would that be? Out of all the systems (cardio-pulmonary, urinary, respiratory, reproductive, skeletal, lymphatic, integumentary, muscular, nervous, endocrine, and digestive system), which one would you think is the most essential?. Some strength and fitness experts might believe cardio-pulmonary or muscular system. Nutrition experts might say that the digestive system is first. Yes, they are all absolutely essential in the development of muscle and strength. However; the nervous system takes the prize as number one. Scientifically speaking, every system is controlled by the brain (The Control Center of Everything). The brain, spinal cord, and nerve basically makes up the nervous system. The brain sends the message via nerve and tells the muscle to contract. Without nerve the muscle would have difficulty contracting thus making muscle difficult to contract.. So how does this help the athletes training? The goal of all athletes is performance. Therefore the workouts should be to get ...

Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant, familial disorder of the connective tissue that is characterised by a highly variable manifestation of ocular, skeletal, cardiovascular, integumentary, pulmonary, and neurological features. The specific pathophysiology is unknown. Life expectancy is generally reduced in patients with Marfan syndrome, mainly because of cardiovascular complications such as dilatation, dissection and rupture of the aorta. The other complications that occur are muscular hypoplasia and hypotonicity, foot and hand abnormalities including arachnodactyly, and scoliosis or kyphoscoliosis. Dural ectasia is defined as a ballooning of the dural sac which is more common in patients with connective tissue disorders such as Marfan syndrome, and may develop gradually during childhood, adolescence, or even adulthood. It can be associated with the presence of meningocoeles. An MR examination is of great value in the diagnosis of meningocoeles, by showing a homogeneous high signal ...

Worldwide market for Tissue Engineering technologies explored in this study includes Cell Culture, Immunomodulation and Stem Cell. The report also focuses on therapeutic applications of tissue engineering comprising Cardiovascular, Dental/Oral Neurological, Oncology, Orthopedic, Skin/Integumentary and Others. The markets for the above mentioned technologies and therapeutic applications are analyzed in terms of USD. Global market for Tissue Engineering, estimated at US$23 billion in 2015, forecast to reach US$27.3 billion in 2015, and is further expected to register a CAGR of about 23% between 2016 and 2022 to touch a projected US$94.2 billion by 2022.

My view of health and disease is this: The human body wants to survive. It is designed to adapt and compensate for all of lifes challenges be it nutritional (famine), environmental (changes in climate), emotional (stress), or structural (injury). This amazing ability is always working for the greater good to achieve survival and a continuance of our lives. The process is called homeostasis, through which the healing mechanism of the body operate. Homeostasis happens on a cellular level through all systems of the body; circulatory, nervous, integumentary, lymphatic, digestive, immune, muscular, reproductive, endocrine, reproductive, urinary, skeletal ...

Stock Photo of Southern Right Whales callosities. High Quality Southern Right Whale Images and Gloss Prints are available from Oceanwide Images Stock Photo Library.

American photographer Brian Skerry rates this meeting with a southern right whale in New Zealand waters as the most incredible animal encounter of his life. Skerry photographed the bus-sized whale - 14m long and 70 tonnes - investigating his dive assistant after the men had hitched a ride with a New Zealand research expedition to the Auckland Islands, aboard the Dunedin-based yacht Evohe. This photograph won the Underwater World category of this years Wildlife Photographer of the Year awards, the New Zealand Herald noted recently. The expedition leader, Dunedin marine biologist Dr Simon Childerhouse, said that expanding southern right whale numbers at the Auckland Islands were increasing the likelihood of Dunedin and Otago people having their own close encounters. Mating activity involving four of the whales off Taieri Mouth had been photographed by the Otago Daily Times in June last year, and the whales could be seen in the Otago Harbour. Southern right whales, New Zealand sea lions and fur ...

Southern Right Whales migrate between Antarctica in the summer and north to places like Australia and South Africa to breed and give birth. In Argentina, the best place to see them is along Peninsula Valdes in September, though they can be seen from June to December. And on the other side of the world in September, Hermanus, South Africa plays host to the Southern Right Whales as they return to the bay for calving and mating season. You know its a pretty big deal there too - theres a n annual three-day Whale Festival to celebrate the best land-best whale watching in the world.. ...

0079]Operation 704 illustrates accepting at least one diagnosis of at least one of a cardiovascular disorder, a digestive disorder, an endocrine disorder, a hearing disorder, an immune disorder, an inner ear disorder, an integumentary disorder, a lymphatic disorder, a muscular disorder, a nervous system disorder, a reproductive disorder, a respiratory disorder, a skeletal disorder, a visual disorder, or an urinary disorder. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one diagnosis of at least one of a cardiovascular disorder, a digestive disorder, an endocrine disorder, an integumentary disorder, a lymphatic disorder, a muscular disorder, a nervous system disorder, a reproductive disorder, a respiratory disorder, a skeletal disorder, or an urinary disorder. In a specific instance, acceptor module 102 can accept from user interface 116 and/or user 118 a diagnosis of a respiratory disorder. A cardiovascular disorder may include a disorder associated with the ...

0090]Operation 704 illustrates accepting at least one diagnosis of at least one of a cardiovascular disorder, a digestive disorder, an endocrine disorder, a hearing disorder, an immune disorder, an inner ear disorder, an integumentary disorder, a lymphatic disorder, a muscular disorder, a nervous system disorder, a reproductive disorder, a respiratory disorder, a skeletal disorder, a visual disorder, or an urinary disorder. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, acceptor module 102 may accept at least one diagnosis of at least one of a cardiovascular disorder, a digestive disorder, an endocrine disorder, an integumentary disorder, a lymphatic disorder, a muscular disorder, a nervous system disorder, a reproductive disorder, a respiratory disorder, a skeletal disorder, or an urinary disorder. In a specific instance, acceptor module 102 can accept from user interface 116 and/or user 118 a diagnosis of a respiratory disorder. A cardiovascular disorder may include a disorder associated with the ...

Radial Breathing Mode (RBM) is specific to SWNT and usually observed in the region from 150 cm-1 to 300 cm-1. Raman peak position, which is inversely proportional to the tube diameter, of this mode is used to classify the diameter distribution in carbon nanotubes. The G band, a tangential shear mode, corresponds to the stretching mode of the carbon-carbon bond in the graphite plane. The fine structure seen in the G-band depends on tube diameter and chirality. The line shape of the band can be used to help identify metallic and semi conducting nanotubes. The D band is often referred as the disorder or defect band. The D band/ G band ratio is usually used for evaluating the quality of carbon nanotubes ...

Human Body and Orientation Exercise 1: The Language of Anatomy Exercise 2: Organ Systems Overview The Cell Exercise 3: The Cell - Anatomy and Division Exercise 4: Cell Membrane Transport Mechanisms Basic Tissues and the Skin Exercise 5: Classification of Tissues Exercise 6: The Skin (Integumentary System) The Skeletal System Exercise 7: Overview of the Skeleton Exercise 8: The Axial Skeleton Exercise 9: The Appendicular Skeleton Exercise 10: Joints and Body Movements. The Muscular System Exercise 11: Microscopic Anatomy and Organization of Skeletal Muscle. Exercise 12: Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System Regulatory Systems: Neural and Endocrine. Exercise 13: Neuron Anatomy and Physiology Exercise 14: Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves Exercise 15: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Exercise 16: Human Reflex Physiology Exercise 17: The Special Senses Exercise 18: Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands. The Circulatory System Exercise 19: Blood Exercise 20: Anatomy of the Heart Exercise ...

The skin is the largest organ of the body. The skin and its derivatives (hair, nails, sweat and oil glands) make up the integumentary system. One of the main functions of the skin is protection. It protects the body from external factors such as bacteria, chemicals, and temperature. The skin contains secretions that can kill bacteria and the pigment melanin provides a chemical pigment defense against ultraviolet light that can damage skin cells. Another important function of the skin is body temperature regulation. When the skin is exposed to a cold temperature, the blood vessels in the dermis constrict. This allows the blood which is warm, to bypass the skin. The skin then becomes the temperature of the cold it is exposed to. Body heat is conserved since the blood vessels are not diverting heat to the skin anymore. Among its many functions the skin is an incredible organ always protecting the body from external agents.. ...

Catalog number: NURx310. Description: Based on material typically taught in a sequence of courses in medical-surgical or adult nursing. Measures knowledge and understanding of the physiological, developmental, psychological, social, cultural, and spiritual dimensions of health and illness in adults. Tests for the ability to use the nursing process in a variety of settings to deliver health care to adults with actual or potential health problems in the following areas: cardiovascular, hematologic, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, gastrointestinal, sensory, neurological, musculoskeletal, immune, or integumentary system dysfunction. (This exam does NOT apply toward the Excelsior College nursing degrees. Multiple-choice examination.). Exam Type: Multiple Choice. Credit / Level: 8.0 / Upper. Exam Fee: $380*. * Fee shown is for the exam only. Other associated expenses such as books and study resources, or travel, lodging, or providing any required documentation or background checks, are ...

Books:. Co-editor/author of the book, Small Animal Surgery, Mosby, 1997 1st ed, 2002 2nd ed, 2007 3rd ed.. Co-author/editor, Manual of Small Animal Surgery, Mosby, 2000.. Co-editor/author of the book, Clinical Atlas of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases in Small Animals, Schlütersche, 2002.. Guest editor of the book, Problems in Veterinary Medicine: Head & Neck Surgery, JB Lippincott Company, 1991.. Book Chapters:. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the Integumentary System. In Fossum TW (ed), Small Animal Surgery, 3rd ed, St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier/Mosby, 2007, pp 159-259.. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the eye. In Fossum TW (ed), Small Animal Surgery, 3rd ed, St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier/Mosby, 2007, pp 260-288.. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the oral cavity and oropharynx. In Fossum TW (ed), Small Animal Surgery, 3rd ed, St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier/Mosby, 2007, pp 339-371.. Hedlund CS. Surgery of the esophagus. In Fossum TW (ed), Small Animal Surgery, 3rd ed, St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier/Mosby, 2007, pp ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Transgenic analysis of the BmBLOS2 gene that governs the translucency of the larval integument of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. AU - Fujii, T.. AU - Daimon, T.. AU - Uchino, K.. AU - Banno, Y.. AU - Katsuma, S.. AU - Sezutsu, H.. AU - Tamura, T.. AU - Shimada, T.. PY - 2010/10/1. Y1 - 2010/10/1. N2 - The larval integument of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, is opaque because urate granules accumulate in the epidermis. Although the biosynthetic pathway of uric acid is well studied, little is known about how uric acid accumulates as urate granules in epidermal cells. In the distinct oily (od) mutant silkworm, the larval integument is translucent because of the inability to construct urate granules. Recently, we have found that the od mutant has a genomic deletion in the B. mori homologue of the human biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex1, subunit 2 (BLOS2) gene (BmBLOS2). Here, we performed a molecular and functional characterization of BmBLOS2. Northern blot analysis showed ...

Literatura citada. Álvarez, S. J. D.; Ferrera, C. R. y Zebrowski, C. 1992. Análisis de la microflora asociada al manejo ecológico en la recuperación de tepetates. Terra (número especial). 10:419-424. [ Links ] Barnett, H. L. and Hunter, B. B. 1998. Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi, 4th Edition. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, USA. 218 p. [ Links ] Barron, G. L. 1977. The nematode-destroying fungi. [Topics in Mycology No. 1.]. Guelph: Canadian Biological Publications. 140 p. [ Links ] Barron, G. L. 1978. Nematophagous fungi: Endoparasites of Rhabditis terricola. Microbial Ecology, 4:157-163. [ Links ] Capstick, C.; Twinn, D. and Waid, J. 1957. Predation of natural populations of free Iiving nematodes by fungi. Nematologica, 2:193-201. [ Links ] Chen, S. and Dickson, D. W. 2004. Biological control of nematodes by fungal antagonist. Editorial Nematology. Advances and perspectives, Volume II. Beijing, China. 979-1039 p. [ Links ] Cooke, R. C. and Godfrey, B. E. 1964. ...

Most popular scarab beetles (family scarabaeidae). View videos and photos of 50 of the most popular scarab beetles (family scarabaeidae) in nature. Learn more about their biology, threats and conservation.

What a good day after a no sea day. The day began with a friendly Southern Right whale who was spy hopping several times and sailing through the water. We had relaxed whales during the whole day, and it did end with a breaching calf on our way to Dyer Island. On Geyser Rock we found the Cape Fur seals fighting with each other. While cruising towards the Kleinbaai harbour we stopped at our sister company Marine Dynamics, to see a Great White shark.. ...

Jackson JA, Carroll E, Smith TD, Zerbini AN, Patenaude NJ, C. Baker S. An integrated approach to historical population assessment of the great whales: case of the New Zealand southern right whale. Royal Society Open Science. 2016 ;3(3):150669. ...

Carroll, E., Rayment, W. J., Alexander, A. M., C. Baker, S., Patenaude, N. J., Steel, D. J., et al.. (2014). Reestablishment of former wintering grounds by New Zealand southern right whales. Marine Mammal Science, 30(1), 206 - 220. doi:10.1111/mms. ...

The Margaret River wine region occupies the southwestern corner of Western Australia; about three hours drive south of Perth.. It enjoys a Western Maritime or Mediterranean climate. Summers are warm and dry, winters cool and wet. The climate has often been compared to that of Bordeaux.. The Indian Ocean lies to our west, the Southern Ocean to the south. The oceans meet at Cape Leeuwin, near the small township of Augusta. Here the Blackwood River, the largest in the South West, ends its journey, flowing into Flinders Bay. Humpback and Southern right whales abound in the waters around the South West. They take refuge in Flinders Bay during their annual migration.. Vines were first planted in the Margaret River region in the 1960s. Cabernet Sauvignon, Semillon and Riesling were the main early plantings. Much of the Riesling, more suited to continental than maritime climates, has been replanted or grafted to other varieties. In recent years there have been large new plantings of Cabernet and ...

Majestic wildlife, spectacular flora and wide-open spaces... Take a walk on the wild side without leaving the Western Cape. Spot the big five, the rare golden wildebeest, Southern Right Whales and more.

South Africa is a big country. Its north-eastern border, churned out by the Limpopo river, is 1240 miles from the craggy Cape; the golden beaches of the subtropical east, shaped by a warm Indian ocean, are 990 miles from the semi-arid west coast, pounded by an icy Atlantic. Its a landmass thats almost five times the size of Britain but it is the diversity of its geography within this that makes it such a fascinating destination. From the Kalahari Desert in the north, where black-maned lions pad across sienna dunes, to the Overberg coastline that sees the annual return of Southern Right whales to calve and nurse their young; the soaring majesty of the Drakensberg peaks to the iconic flat-topped mountain that embraces the port city of Cape Town, this is an extraordinary country to which you will want to return again and again, as so many do.. For many the main drawcard are the Big Five game reserves, where species co-exist as they have for millennia in a primal wilderness that touches the soul, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Combination of internal and external plasticization of hydroxypropylated birch xylan tailors the properties of sustainable barrier films. AU - Mikkonen, Kirsi S.. AU - Laine, Christiane. AU - Kontro, Inkeri. AU - Talja, Riku A.. AU - Serimaa, Ritva. AU - Tenkanen, Maija. N1 - Project code: 76880 PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - To develop functional and sustainable products from future wood biorefineries, birch kraft pulp xylan was alkali-extracted and modified in aqueous solvent with hydroxypropylation to enhance its processability to films. For the first time, the roles of internal vs. external plasticization in the mechanical, thermal, and barrier performance of xylan films were systematically evaluated as a function of the degree of substitution (DS) of hydroxypropyl (HP) groups (internal plasticizer) and the added sorbitol (external plasticizer). In addition, the moisture uptake and the degree of crystallinity of hydroxypropyl xylan (HPX) films were characterized. Internal ...

2010/9/9 Tim Williams ,[email protected],: , One possibility is that the quill knobs anchored spike-like integumentary , structures along the ulna in _Concavenator_ and _Velociraptor_. These spikes , may have therefore been quite widespread among theropods, but did not always , leave an osteological footprint (= quill knobs). , , This isnt my idea, but comes from Darren Naish over 10 years ago: , , Another thought it that some non-avian theropods could have modified , their primaries into stiff, spike-like structures that could not have , been fouled or snapped in predatory strikes. , , http://dml.cmnh.org/1999Feb/msg00470.html Very interesting idea. The use of the spikes on predation may need the dinosaur to perform kind of a karate-blow on the bricks with its antebrachium (although blows are not necessary to stab, perhaps it would be so if hitting with many spikes). At least for maniraptorans, if the spikes are also present in the metacarpus, as indicated in Naish post, and you have a ...

View Notes - U4SG from ENY 3005 at University of Florida. Unit 4 - Integument, Development & Reproduction Study Guide Unit objectives 1. Describe the three layers of an insects integument. 2.

The study of the structures of the human body at the chemical, cellular, tissue, organ and organ system levels.. Anatomy 001 - Introduction to Human Anatomy (4 units). This course examines cells, tissues, and organs of these human systems: Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urinary, endocrine, lymphatic, and reproductive. Dissection of the cat and other mammalian organs are used in conjunction with human models in the study of human anatomy.. This class is the introduction to anatomy course that is transferable to most universities, including California State University (CSU) and University of California (UC), and professional programs. ANAT 1 is designed for students pursuing a career in the healthcare profession, such as medicine (physician and physician assistant), dentistry, pharmacy, physical therapy, occupational therapy, nursing (BSN or MSN, or nurse practitioner), Imaging Technologist Assistant (Radiologic Technician), Diagnostic Medical ...

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e Human Body has 11 systems functioning independently and cooperatively to support life. Keeping these systems in harmony is the key to a healthy and happy life. Moving through all of your choices to manage all of your bodies systems can be daunting. In society today every where you look there is another offer to help you manage your health and keep all of your systems functioning optimally. One of your choices in your staying healthy tool kit is Massage.. In this series of articles I will unpack how Massage has the opportunity to touch all of the bodies systems. I know it may seem odd that an hour on a massage table even once a month could bring such healthful benefits, but before you give up on all of your 11 systems working together to promote your healthy life, consider getting to know your systems better through the eyes of a Massage Therapist, whos job it is provide therapeutic touch to almost the entire body.. The first system and some would argue the most important is the Integumentary ...

e Human Body has 11 systems functioning independently and cooperatively to support life. Keeping these systems in harmony is the key to a healthy and happy life. Moving through all of your choices to manage all of your bodies systems can be daunting. In society today every where you look there is another offer to help you manage your health and keep all of your systems functioning optimally. One of your choices in your staying healthy tool kit is Massage.. In this series of articles I will unpack how Massage has the opportunity to touch all of the bodies systems. I know it may seem odd that an hour on a massage table even once a month could bring such healthful benefits, but before you give up on all of your 11 systems working together to promote your healthy life, consider getting to know your systems better through the eyes of a Massage Therapist, whos job it is provide therapeutic touch to almost the entire body.. The first system and some would argue the most important is the Integumentary ...

This course teaches medical terminology from an anatomical approach. Root terms are divided by each body system. The origin, a combined form, and an example of non-medical everyday usage is provided for each root term. Word Associations are provided as a learning tool. Unusual and interesting information is provided in regards to each term. Root terms are combined with prefixes and suffixes as your learning will culminate in the interpretation of several paragraphs of medical notes. The course includes animation and audio to aid student retention and to ensure correct pronunciation of terms. Learning Objectives: Learn to identify common root and musculoskeletal root terms and their meanings. Discern and memorize integumentary and digestive root terms and their meanings. Identify and memorize cardiovascular and respiratory root terms and their meanings. Recognize and commit to memory urinary and reproductive root terms and their meanings. Identify and memorize neurosensory root terms and

Just when you think you had headsets figured out, the industry decided to throw a curve ball, actually a few curve balls and offer several options by offering large head tubes and tapered forks. The FSA Orbit ZS is made to work with a frameset that has a 1.5 head tube diameter that is being used with a tapered fork - tapered meaning 1.5 lower section of the steerer which tapers to 1 1/8 diameter.. The upper portion of the headset has an 1 1/8 forged alloy cup with angular contact bearings, while the lower portion has a 1.5 CNC machined alloy cup with angular contact bearings. Alloy top cap is included. Total weight comes in a respectable 144 grams and is offered in anodized black finish ...

In this work, an empirical model of nearest neighbor hopping parameter (γ0) in tight binding (TB) model of single wall carbon nanotubes is proposed in order to calculate first and second optical transition energies of semiconducting SWCNTs. A highly systematic and nearly linear pattern is observed when the γ0, as calculated from experimental optical transition energies of semiconducting SWCNTs, were scaled by a chirality combination term (2n-m) and plotted against tube diameters. Based on this observation, two empirical expressions of γ0 are formulated for mod 1 and mod 2 type semiconducting SWCNTs. In this model of γ0, observations from various optical spectroscopic experiments are incorporated. First and second optical transition energies (E11 and E22) for all semiconducting SWCNTs within diameter range of 0.4 to 3 nm are calculated using this empirical γ0. Calculated values showed excellent agreement with experimental values for all type of chiralities over the full diameter range and ...

We investigated traveling fronts of the oxidation of sulfite by iodate and by bromate. Isothermal density changes (Delta rho(c)) and enthalpies were determined, the latter being negative in both cases. The Delta rho(c) is negative in the iodate-sulfite system but positive in the bromate-sulfite system. Double-diffusive convection was expected in the bromate system and was observed. The effect of tube diameter and the orientation of the tube on the wave velocity and wave shape were studied, and a gravitational anisotropy was found in both systems. According to the Pojman-Epstein model, only simple convection should have occurred in the iodate-sulfite system. In fact, curved descending fronts with velocities greater than the ascending ones and fingering were observed. Several explanations were considered, including the possibility that the current model must be expanded to explicitly treat the effect of a moving interface on the stability of the fluid.

A predatory Nematoctonus species (N90) isolated from farmyard soil in Ontario produced gill-forming basidiocarps of Hohenbuehelia on potato dextrose agar. In the presence of nematodes, discharged basidiospores germinated to produce short aerial stalks with terminal adhesive knobs. Germinated basidiospores adhered to the cuticle of nematodes to initiate monokaryotic infection cycles. Multiple basidiospore infections on a single host resulted in dikaryotization in the host body. Crossing single basidiospore cultures demonstrated bipolar sexuality for this species of Hohenbuehelia. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Formation of the testa: The testa is also referred to as the seed coat. The two integuments of the embryo sac fuse to form one seed coat. The seed coat thickens and hardens. Sometimes the outer integument forms the hard thick testa while the inner integument remains thin and transparent. The thin transparent inner integument is referred to as the tegmen. The testa protects the seed against dehydration, physical damage and invasion by microorganisms. The microphyle permits oxygen and water to enter the seed during germination. The hilum is a scar on the testa that marks the point of attachment to the fruit ...

Taxonomic Characterization: Male: Anterodorsal plate (AD) with a small frontal spine. In posterior portion of AD elevated ridges, arranged like an H. Within these ridges, deep canaliculi piercing the integumental layers. Outside the ridges, slight paneling and small pores present. Posterodorsal plate with 2 elevated, longitudinal ridges, converging posteriorly but not meeting. Dorsal setae minute. Red-brown pigment is found beneath the AD near the anterior spine and beneath the OC between the corneae. All ventral plates finely porose; when focused on deeper integumental layers, a reticulation is discernible. Genitoanal plate short. Genital opening in the middle of the plate. Distance from GO to anterior margin of GA equals length of GO. Integument on base of gnathosoma pierced by canaliculi. Rostrum as long as base of gnathosoma. Integument of legs pierced by canaliculi, these especially prominent on telofermora and tibiae. Leg I stronger than following legs. The lateral claws on tarsus I are ...

The Dracaena Marginata has a unique silhouette and is perfect for filling in spaces in your garden or Green Space! A perfect houseplant for any room!