TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of Recombinant Human Insulin-like Growth Factor I and Early Total Parenteral Nutrition on Immune Depression Following Severe Head Injury. AU - Kudsk, Kenneth A.. AU - Mowatt Larssen, Christine. AU - Bukar, Julie. AU - Fabian, Timothy. AU - Oellerich, Sherryl. AU - Dent, Daniel L.. AU - Brown, Rex. PY - 1994/1. Y1 - 1994/1. N2 - Infusion of rhIGF-I and aggressive early intravenous nutrition affects the immunologic response of patients with severe head injury. (Arch Surg. 1994;129:66-71).. AB - Infusion of rhIGF-I and aggressive early intravenous nutrition affects the immunologic response of patients with severe head injury. (Arch Surg. 1994;129:66-71).. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0028009994&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0028009994&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1001/archsurg.1994.01420250078010. DO - 10.1001/archsurg.1994.01420250078010. M3 - Article. C2 - 8279942. AN - SCOPUS:0028009994. VL - 129. SP - 66. EP - ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 and binding protein-3 and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in the PSA era. AU - Platz, Elizabeth A.. AU - Pollak, Michael N.. AU - Leitzmann, Michael F.. AU - Stampfer, Meir J.. AU - Willett, Walter C.. AU - Giovannucci, Edward. N1 - Funding Information: qSupported by Public Health Service grants CA55075 and CA72036 (National Cancer Institute) and HL35464 (National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Platz is supported by the Bernstein Young Investigators Award. *Address correspondence to: Dr. Platz, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Rm E6138, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Ph.: 410-614-9674; Fax:+1-410-614-2632; E-mail: [email protected] Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2005/4. Y1 - 2005/4. N2 - Objective: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is thought to contribute to the growth and progression of ...

Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Igf Bp3 testing locations in West Virginia. You can use this list to find local Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Igf Bp3 testing.

The primary aim of this text is to gain insight on how cellular activation by a insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I), in the presence of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), is influenced by heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG). Initial research will be presented, assumptions and hypotheses that were included in the development of mathematical models will be discussed, and the future enhancements of the models will be explored. There are many potential scenarios for how each component might influence the others. Mathematical modeling techniques will highlight the contributions made by numerous extracellular parameters on IGF-I cell surface binding. Tentative assumptions can be applied to modeling techniques and predictions may aid in the direction of future experiments. Experimentally, it was found that IGFBP-3 inhibited IGF-I Bovine Aortic Endothelial (BAE) cell surface binding while p9 HS slightly increased IGF-I BAE cell surface binding. IGFBP-3 has a higher binding affinity ...

The involvement of circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in the beneficial effects of physical exercise on the brain makes this abundant serum growth factor a physiologically relevant neuroprotective signal. However, the mechanisms underlying neuroprotection by serum IGF-I remain primarily unknown. Among many other neuroprotective actions, IGF-I enhances clearance of brain amyloid β (Aβ) by modulating transport/production of Aβ carriers at the blood-brain interface in the choroid plexus. We found that physical exercise increases the levels of the choroid plexus endocytic receptor megalin/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-2 (LRP2), a multicargo transporter known to participate in brain uptake of Aβ carriers. By manipulating choroid plexus megalin levels through viral-directed overexpression and RNA interference, we observed that megalin mediates IGF-I-induced clearance of Aβ and is involved in IGF-I transport into the brain. Through this dual role, megalin ...

Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 Igf Bp3 testing in Lawrence, Kansas. Find a lab near you and save when you get blood work directly through Personalabs!

The insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) controls somatic growth and exerts profound anabolic effects in most tissues, including the skeleton. In this study, I investigated interactions between the IGF-I system and several important pathways involved in growth and differentiation of cartilage and bone. In the first study, I explored the mechanisms responsible for transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta)induced inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophic differentiation in mouse metatarsal organ cultures. Specifically, I sought to determine the involvement and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), and IGF-I as mediators of TGF-betas effects. My results demonstrate that IGF-I increases chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophic differentiation whereas FGF-2, decreases these parameters, in a perichondrium dependent manner. In addition, TGF-beta interacts with components of both the IGF and FGF systems but seems to exert most of its inhibitory effects by upregulating FGF signaling.To study ...

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between serum IGF-I levels and diabetic retinopathy using a novel immunoassay that was calibrated against an international standard. This study found no association between serum IGF-I levels and diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, there were no differences in serum IGF-I levels among insulin-dependent diabetic subjects and non-insulin-dependent subjects. Congruent with other studies, serum IGF-I levels were statistically lower in older subjects. The role that IGF-I plays in diabetic retinopathy remains somewhat controversial. Poulsen first suggested a possible relationship between growth hormone or IGF-I and diabetic retinopathy after he noted the regression of proliferative diabetic retinopathy following pituitary infarction [17]. This relationship was further supported after experimental studies showed that pituitary ablation resulted in the regression of diabetic retinopathy [2-4]. Merimee found that growth ...

Insulin Like Growth Factor II (Somatomedin A or T3M 11 Derived Growth Factor or IGF2) - Pipeline Review, H2 2017 Size and Share Published in 2017-08-22 Available for US$ 3500 at Researchmoz.us

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of insulin-like growth factor type 1 on critical-size defects in diabetic rats. AU - Thaller, S. R.. AU - Lee, T. J.. AU - Armstrong, M.. AU - Tesluk, H.. AU - Stern, J. S.. PY - 1995. Y1 - 1995. N2 - A number of investigators have reported on the clinically significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and impaired wound healing. Diabetic patients have an increased frequency of infection, delayed scar formation, and poor bony union. Investigations completed in our laboratory have demonstrated that insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), a somatomedin C, has shown promise for accelerating bony repair. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of recombinant IGF-1 on standardized, critical-size calvarial defects in 25 adult, male streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. From our study, it appears that IGF-1 exerts a potentiating effect on the repair of bony defects in diabetes-induced rats.. AB - A number of investigators have reported on the clinically ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Insulin‐like growth factor I/somatomedin‐C (IGF‐I/SM‐C) and glucocorticoids synergistically regulate mitosis in competent human fibroblasts. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Growth hormone (GH) has antidiuretic and antinatriuretic effects in rats and humans, but the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects are unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms behind the acute renal effects of GH in rats. Female rats received rat (r)GH (2.8 mg/kg sc) or saline and were placed in metabolic cages for 5 h. Urinary excretion of electrolytes and urinary volume were reduced after rGH injection, while urine osmolality was increased. Creatinine and lithium clearance remained unchanged, suggesting that rGH increases reabsorption in segments distal to the proximal tubule. Total plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels did not change, while cortical IGF-I mRNA abundance was increased. The relative abundance of total and Ser(256)-phosphorylated aquaporin 2 was found to be unchanged by immunoblotting, whereas a significant increase of Thr(96) and Thr(101)-phosphorylated NKCC2 (renal Na(+), K(+), 2Cl(-) cotransporter) was found in the inner ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Distribution and relevance of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor in metanephric development. AU - Liu, Zheng Z.. AU - Wada, Jun. AU - Alvares, Keith. AU - Kumar, Anil. AU - Wallner, Elisabeth I.. AU - Kanwar, Yashpal S.. PY - 1993/12. Y1 - 1993/12. N2 - During embryogenesis, various ligand-receptor interactions take place to modulate the development and growth of various mammalian organs. During these interactions, a critical concentration of a given receptor is needed to elicit a ligand-induced biologic response at a defined gestational stage of the fetus. In this study, the distribution and the relevance of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) in metanephric development was investigated. Kidneys were harvested from mouse embryos at days 13 to 19 of fetal gestation, and maintained in a metanephric culture system. Immunofluorescence studies, using anti-IGF-IR, revealed a high expression of IGF-IR at day 13, which declined during the later stages of gestation through ...

Although experimental studies have suggested that insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and its binding protein IGFBP-3 might have a role in the aetiology of coronary artery disease (CAD), the relevance of circulating IGFs and their binding proteins in the development of CAD in human populations is unclear. We conducted a nested case-control study, with a mean follow-up of six years, within the EPIC-Norfolk cohort to assess the association between circulating levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and risk of CAD in up to 1,013 cases and 2,055 controls matched for age, sex and study enrolment date. After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, we found no association between circulating levels of IGF-I or IGFBP-3 and risk of CAD (odds ratio: 0.98 (95% Cl 0.90-1.06) per 1 SD increase in circulating IGF-I; odds ratio: 1.02 (95% Cl 0.94-1.12) for IGFBP-3). We examined associations between tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) at the IGF1 and IGFBP3 loci and circulating IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in up to 1

TY - JOUR. T1 - Sustained Growth Hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I responses to prolonged high-dose twice-daily GH-releasing-hormone stimulation in middle-aged and older men. AU - Veldhuis, Johannes D.. AU - Patrie, James T.. AU - Frick, Kirsten. AU - Weltman, Judith Y.. AU - Weltman, Arthur. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2004/12. Y1 - 2004/12. N2 - Postulated mechanisms underlying the relative hyposomatotropism of aging include reduced hypothalamic drive by GHRH. To test this notion, we administered 1 mg (n = 11) vs. 4 mg (n = 11) recombinant human GHRH-1,44-amide sc twice daily for 3 months in a double-blind, parallel-cohort design to 22 healthy men (ages, 53-68 yr). After 3 months, GHRH elevated: overnight GH concentrations from 0.71 ± 0.19 to 1.74 ± 0.39 μg/liter (P , 0.001; 1 mg) and from 0.80 ± 0.15 to 5.12 ± 0.40 μg/liter (P , 0.001; 4 mg) and IGF-I concentrations from 117 ± 14 to 234 ±20 μg/liter (P = 0.007; 1 mg) and from ...

Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent and exert anti-inflammatory effects, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of regulatory T cell (Treg) induction through the growth factors released by human MSCs. Human naive CD4+ T cells were stimulated with anti-CD3/28 Abs and cocultured with human MSC culture supernatant for 48 h. The proliferation and cytokine production of CD4+ T cells and surface molecule expression on CD4+ T cells were evaluated. The proliferation of anti-CD3/28 Abs-stimulated CD4+ T cells was suppressed by the addition of human MSC culture supernatant; in addition, the production of IL-10 and IL-4 increased. The human MSC culture supernatant induced CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs that expressed CD25, CTLA-4, glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1R, and IGF-2R, showing antiproliferative activity against CD4+ T cells. In addition, the induction of Tregs by human MSC ...

Purpose: Our previous study showed no correlation between -202 A/C IGFBP-3 promoter polymorphism and Δheight SDS in children with growth hormone deficiency. We investigated the influences of the -202 IGFBP-3 polymorphism on 1-year follow-up outcomes of GH treatment in Korean children with ISS.. Methods: Data was obtained from 81 children with idiopathic short stature (peak serum growth hormone (GH) ≥ 7.0 ng/mL by GH stimulation test with 2 different stimulants). They were treated with GH for at least 1 year between 2014 and 2016. 69 of them were analyzed polymorphism of -202 IGFBP-3 promoter region (A or C). Their height velocity during GH treatment, serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) concentrations before and after GH treatment, respectively. Children with chronic disease, known syndromic disease and small for gestational age (SGA).. Results: Distribution of the -202 IGFBP-3 genotypes was as follows: AA genotype 69.6%; AC ...

Growth hormone (GH) and Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) secretion are altered in acromegaly and type 2 Diabetes Mellitis (DM). The secretion of GH is mediated by central hypothalamic hormones (GH Releasing Hormone and somatostatin) as well as peripheral factors providing feedback inhibition (IGF-I and glucose, among others). The purpose of this study is to compare growth hormone suppression after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to growth hormone suppression after recombinant human IGF-I (rhIGF-I) administration. This study will recruit participants with active acromegaly, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and healthy control subjects. Each participant will undergo a screening evaluation, and three subsequent visits. Each participant will receive a placebo subcutaneous injection, OGTT, and administration of rhIGF-I, on separate visit days. Glucose, insulin, GH, bioactive IGF-I and IGF-I binding proteins will be measured after each intervention. Results will be compared between the three ...

There is considerable and compelling evidence from both the animal and human literature that the actions of the somatotrophic hormonal axis (growth hormone releasing hormone/growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor I) have significant and predictable effects on cognitive function (memory and reasoning ability). A preliminary study has recently shown that five months of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) treatment improves cognitive function in healthy older men and women; there is also preliminary evidence that supports the likelihood of a similar effect in individuals diagnosed with MCI.. The study sample will include 160 adults, ages 55-90, half of whom will be cognitively healthy normal adults and half of whom will meet diagnostic criteria for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Each of these groups will contain equal numbers of men and women. The treatment with GHRH will be twenty weeks in duration. In light of the documented interactions between estrogens and GHRH/GH/IGF-I, each of the ...

In this analysis of women with BBD, we observed an inverse association between plasma IGF-1 and the IGF-1:IGFBP-3 ratio with predominant type 1/no type 3 lobules. Interestingly, only IGF-1 levels in the highest quartile were associated with a decreased odds of predominant type 1/no type 3 lobules, suggesting a potential threshold effect. However, we observed more of a linear trend for the IGF-1:IGFBP-3 ratio, which may better represent available IGF-1. The results did not materially change when we restricted our analysis to parous women or premenopausal women (Supplemental Tables 2 to 4 in Additional file 1).. Our findings are consistent with a study reporting that transgenic mice with IGF-1 overexpression in mammary tissue had inhibited postlactational involution [6]. In vivo studies in animals suggest that inhibition of postlactational involution increases the risk of subsequent mammary tumors [16]. In addition, recent studies in women have found that lobule type or degree of age-related ...

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein-1 (BP-1) inhibits IGF-mediated proliferation of some breast cancer cell lines in vitro. Here we examined whether recombinant human wild-type IGFBP-1 (WT-BP-1) and IGFBP-1 conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG-BP-1) could inhibit breast cancer growt …

TY - JOUR. T1 - Circulating levels of growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I and prolactin in normal, growth retarded and anencephalic human fetuses. AU - Arosio, M.. AU - Cortelazzi, D.. AU - Persani, L.. AU - Palmieri, E.. AU - Casati, G.. AU - Baggiani, A. M.. AU - Gambino, G.. AU - Beck-Peccoz, Paolo. PY - 1995. Y1 - 1995. N2 - We measured growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and both total and glycosylated prolactin (PRL) levels in 131 blood samples obtained by cordocentesis in normal and abnormal fetuses from 19 to 40 weeks of gestation. In normal fetuses, IGF-I and PRL levels showed a positive correlation and GH a negative correlation with gestational age. A negative relation between GH and IGF-I levels was observed, while PRL did not show any correlation with both GH and IGF-I concentrations. IGF-I increased from 5.6±3 (at 19-22 weeks) to 10.7±5 nmol/l at term; GH decreased from 31±10 to 7.7±4 μg/l and PRL increased from 16±18 to 139±76 μg/l. ...

Treatment of iodine deficiency in school-age children increases insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF binding protein-3 concentrations and improves somatic ...

Université de Liège - ULg , Département clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés , Département clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés ,] ...

Anabolic signals such as androgens and the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 (GH/IGF-1) axis play an essential role in the normal development of the prostate but also in its malignant transformation. In this study, we investigated the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) as mediator of the cross talk between androgens and GH signals in the prostate and its potential role as tumor suppressor in prostate cancer (PCa). We observed that SOCS2 protein levels assayed by immunohistochemistry are elevated in hormone therapy-naive localized prostatic adenocarcinoma in comparison with benign tissue. In contrast, however, castration-resistant bone metastases exhibit reduced levels of SOCS2 in comparison with localized or hormone naive, untreated metastatic tumors. In PCa cells, SOCS2 expression is induced by androgens through a mechanism that requires signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 protein (STAT5) and androgen receptor-dependent transcription. Consequentially, ...

0207] There are groups of genes present only in UCMC. These genes are related to the following: Normal Physiological Processes (Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C); Insulin-like 4 (placenta); Relaxin 1; Plasminogen; Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C); Insulin-like 5; Insulin-like growth factor 1 (somatomedin C); Insulin-like growth factor 2 (somatomedin A), Homeostasis (Radial spokehead-like 1; Hemochromatosis; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5; Interleukin 31 receptor A; Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (stromal cell-derived factor 1); Nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2; Hemochromatosis; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 23; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 23; Ferritin mitochondrial; Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1, alpha; Surfactant, pulmonary-associated protein D; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 11; Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3; Egl nine homolog 2 (C. elegans); Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor, gamma, coactivator 1, beta; ...

The cells of the IM-9 human lymphocyte-derived line contain a sub-population of insulin-binding sites whose immunological and hormone-binding characteristics closely resemble those of the atypical insulin-binding sites of human placenta. These binding sites, which have moderately high affinity for multiplication-stimulating activity [MSA, the rat homologue of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) II] and IGF-I, are identified on IM-9 cells by 125I-MSA binding. They account for approximately 30% of the total insulin-receptor population, and do not react with a monoclonal antibody to the type I IGF receptor (alpha IR-3). The relative concentrations of unlabelled insulin, MSA and IGF-I required to displace 50% of 125I-MSA from these binding sites (1:4.7:29 respectively) are maintained for cells, particulate membranes, Triton-solubilized membranes precipitated either by poly(ethylene glycol) or a polyclonal antibody (B-10) to the insulin receptor, and receptors purified by insulin affinity ...

Purpose: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) sampled within ten days of stroke has resulted in inconsistent findings. When compared to control participants, one study found elevated levels of IGF1 while another reported lower values. Despite these reported differences, there is evidence to suggest that IGF1 may have a neuroprotective effect and may be related to admitting stroke severity and functional independence at one month post-stroke. The possibility exists that a large sampling window and no consideration for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), may account for the differing results. The purpose of this study was to: 1) determine the difference in IGF1, IGFBP3, and IGF1 ratio in individuals with acute stroke and controls; and 2) determine the relationship of IGF1, IGFBP3, and IGF1 ratio to admission stroke severity and functional independence at one month post stroke.. Methods: Blood was collected from 12 individuals with a diagnosis of acute stroke (4 males; 63.9 + 8.4 ...

remedica 2009. all rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owners. While every effort is made by the publishers and editorial board to see that no inaccurate or misleading data, opinions, or statements appear in this journal, they wish to make it clear that the material contained in the publication represents a summary of the independent evaluations and opinions of the authors and contributors. as a consequence, the board, publishers, and any supporting company accept no responsibility for the consequences of any such inaccurate or misleading data or statements. Neither do they endorse the content of the publication or the use of any drug or device in a way that lies outside its current licensed application in any territory. For detailed information on any drugs or devices discussed in this ...

© 2018 The Authors. Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) expression and survival in women with uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS). Insulin-like growth factor 2 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissues from 103 patients with UCS. The H-score (product of staining intensity and percentage positive cells) was quantified for the epithelial cytoplasmic (EC), epithelial nuclear (EN), and malignant stromal compartments. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the relationship of IGF2 levels with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Adjusting for stage, race, and adjuvant therapy, PFS and OS were reduced in patients with high IGF2 (H-score ≥ median) in the EC and EN compartments. Black race was independently associated with reduced PFS and OS in patients with early-stage disease, and IGF2 levels in

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Abstract: : Purpose:To study the microsatellite promoter polymorphism in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), aldose reductase (ALR2) and insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1) genes and their association with diabetic retinopathy in Asian Indian patients. These genes are important candidates for allelic associations and pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy in various populations. Methods:Individuals with type 2 diabetes for more than 15 years were divided into two groups, diabetic retinopathy group (DR) (n=100) patients with retinopathy (more than five dots or blots per eye, hard or soft exudates, new vessels in the disc or any of the quadrants in the retina, maculopathy or vitreous haemorrhage) and diabetic non-retinopathy group (DNR) (n=100) are without retinopathy. A control group with no diabetes or retinopathy was also studied. DNA from all groups were polymerase chain reaction amplified and screened for (CCTTT)n , (CA)n and (CA)n polymorphism upstream to the promoter of iNOS, ALR2 and ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether effects of environmental estrogens on fish growth and reproduction may be mediated via modulating the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) system. To this end, developing male and female monosex populations of tilapia were exposed to 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) at 5 and 25 ng EE2/l water from 10-day postfertilization (DPF) until 100 DPF. Under exposure to both EE2 concentrations, sex ratio shifted toward more females and body length, and weight were significantly reduced in males. The growth-reducing effect was associated with significant changes in hepatic IGF-I expression, both in males and females and with significant alterations of IGF-I mRNA and GH mRNA in the brain. The changes in IGF-I and GH mRNA were accompanied by altered estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) expression in brain and liver. These findings point to an influence of estrogenic exposure on the endocrine GH/IGF-I axis. In addition, the EE2 treatment resulted in ...

The development of tamoxifen resistance (TamR) in oestrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer is a major therapeutic challenge. Mechanisms suggested to ac-count for this have mainly focussed on the activation of alternative growth factor pathways. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis is a prime candidate for investiga-tion in this area and the use of anti-IGF strategies in the clinical setting of tamoxifen resistance is under investigation. However such strategies, usually targeted to block the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) have proved disappointing. The IGF axis is a multicom-ponent molecular system and the activity of IGF is modulated by the presence of six soluble high affinity IGF binding proteins (IGFBP 1-6). Given the potential role of the IGF axis in the development of tamoxifen resistance it is important to investigate whether the IGFBP family may play a role in this process opening up a route for alter-native anti-IGF based therapies. Using the ER+ MCF-7 cell line we demonstrated ...

Background: Type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) is the product of a single-copy gene located on chromosome 15 and is ubiquitously expressed in humans. Increased hepatic IGF-1R gene expression is found in hepatocellular carcinoma and in chronic hepatitis C, making parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells more susceptible to the mitogenic effects of IGF-1.. Objective and hypotheses: As we have previously demonstrated that IGF-1 and IGF-2 circulating levels are rearranged in relation with the severity of liver damage in obese children with NAFLD, our aim was to investigate the hepatic expression of IGF-1R in the same group of patients.. Method: In this preliminary study, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were applied for analysing the expression of IGF-1R in 12 children with NAFLD. Three liver samples from healthy subjects were used as reference for tissue expression of IGF-1R. Expression data were correlated with severity of disease and with the expression of various liver ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Induced expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 by amniotic membrane-conditioned medium in cultured human corneal epithelial cells. AU - Lee, Joon H.. AU - Ik, Hee Ryu. AU - Kim, Eungkweon. AU - Lee, Jongeun. AU - Hong, Soon Won. AU - Hyung, Keun Lee. PY - 2006/3/1. Y1 - 2006/3/1. N2 - PURPOSE. To determine the effect of amniotic membrane-conditioned medium (AMCM), via insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 induction, on human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) proliferation. METHODS. HCECs were cultured from corneal limbal tissue with supplemented hormonal epithelial medium (SHEM). After administration of AMCM, cell proliferation was evaluated with an MTT assay and DNA synthesis with methyl-[3H]-thymidine incorporation assay. RT-PCR and Western immunoblot analyses were performed, to determine potential inducible factors that may be associated with AMCM-induced cell proliferation. Neutralizing anti-IGF-1 antibody and small interfering (si)RNA were also used to clarify the role of ...

Effects of Daidzein on Body Weight Gain, Serum IGF-I Level and Cellular Immune Function in Intact Male Piglets Daidzein;IGF-I;T-Lymphocytes;Male Piglets; 10 male piglets at 5-6 weeks old with similar body weight (BW) were randomly assigned into the experimental (EXP) and control (CON) groups. The animals in EXP received intro-muscular injection with daidzein (DA) at the dose of 0.5 mg DA per kg start BW on day 1. The same procedures were repeated once every 3 days for eight times. The animals in CON received the injection only with same volume of control peanut oil. The animals were weighted on day 14 and 28 and the blood samples were obtained at different stages of the treatment for determining IGF-I levels and blood parameters. At the end of the experiment, the thymus and spleen from all the animals were surgically taken out and weighted. The results showed that BW and average daily gain (ADG) were not significantly different between the groups in term of the whole period, but ADG between days 14-28

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, which is crucially involved in fish growth, differentiation, and reproduction, occurs in tilapia pituitary. IGF-I peptide, which is probably produced in hypothalamic perikarya, is present in axons of the neurohypophysis, and IGF-I mRNA and peptide are present in the adenohypophysis in adrenocorticotrophic hormone cells, melanocyte-stimulating hormone cells, with interindividual differences in growth hormone cells, and, starting with puberty, in gonadotrophic hormone (GTH) cells. Subordinate males showed a high IGF-I but a lower beta-luteinizing hormone expression, while in dominant males the opposite was found. IGF-I from the GTH cells may act as auto/paracrine regulators of GTH cell proliferation and enhance GTH synthesis and release during puberty and reproduction, depending on the social status. ...

SEA050Ra, ELISA Kit for Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1), 胰岛素样生长因子1(IGF1)检测试剂盒(酶联免疫吸附试验法), IGFI; IGF1A; IBP1; MGF; Somatomedin C; Mechano Growth Gactor | 仅供体外研究使用，不用于临床诊断！请索取进口关税税单及报关单！

The Rehabilitation Exercise for Health after Breast Cancer trial is the first study to evaluate the physiological effects of exercise training on fasting insulin, glucose, insulin resistance, IGF, and IGFBP in cancer survivors. We found that exercise training had no significant physiological effects on fasting insulin, glucose, insulin resistance, IGF-II, and IGFBP-1 in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors. However, exercise training did have significant physiological effects on IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and IGF-I:IGFBP-3 molar ratio.. The strengths and limitations of our data merit consideration. Strengths include the randomized controlled trial design, standardized blood collection protocols, high exercise adherence rate, and minimal loss to follow-up. Limitations include the 14% recruitment rate, small sample size, short exercise intervention with no long-term follow-up, and use of a single hormone measurement to classify participants.. Key findings of our trial were that exercise training had no ...

Intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastases are common findings in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) expression is frequently induced in HCC, and serum IGF2 levels correlate with the presence of extrahepatic metastases. Yet, the role of IGF-induced signaling in the dissemination of HCC remains unclear. We have previously observed elevated IGF2 levels in tumors with metastatic potential in an HCC mouse model. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of IGF2, or its receptor IGF1R, impairs the migration and invasion activities of murine HCC cells. Furthermore, inhibition of IGF1R also impairs the ability of HCC cells to colonize the lungs after introduction into the circulation through the tail vein but does not impair subcutaneous tumor growth. Collectively, these findings suggest that IGF1R-mediated signaling plays a causative role in tumor dissemination but is not required for tumor growth per se. Although previous studies indicate that IGF ligands can signal through IGF1R

Human uniparental gestations such as gynogenetic ovarian teratomas and androgenetic complete hydatidiform moles provide a model to evaluate the integrity of parent-specific gene expression--i.e., imprinting--in the absence of a complementary parental genetic contribution. We studied expression, in these tissues, of the oppositely imprinted genes H19, which is an embryonic nontranslated RNA, and insulin-like growth factor type 2 (IGF2). Normal gestations only express H19 from the maternal allele and express IGF2 from the paternal allele, whereas neither is expressed from the maternal genome of gynogenetic gestations, and both are expressed from the paternal genome of androgenetic gestations. Coexpression of H19 and IGF2 in the androgenetic tissues was in a single population of cells, mononuclear trophoblast--the same cell type expressing these genes in biparental placentas. These results demonstrate that a biparental genome may be required for expression of the reciprocal IGF2/H19 imprint. ...

Pankhurst, N.W. and Carragher, J.F. 1995. Effect of exogenous hormones on reproductive behaviour in territorial males of a natural population of demoiselles Chromis dispilis (Pisces: Pomacentridae). Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 46:1201-1209.. Endocrinology of Growth in Fish:. 29. Dyer, A.R., Upton, Z., Stone, D., Thomas, P.M., Soole, K.L., Higgs, N., Quinn, K, and Carragher, J.F., 2004. Development and validation of a radioimmunoassay for fish insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and the effect of aquaculture related stressors on circulating IGF-I levels. General and Comparative Endocrinology 135:268-275.. 30. Dyer, A.R., Barlow, C.G, Bransden, M.P., Carter, C.G., Glencross, B.D., Richardson, N., Thomas, P.M., Williams K.C. and Carragher, J.F. 2004. Correlation of plasma IGF-I concentrations and growth rate in aquacultured finfish: A tool for assessing the potential of new diets. Aquaculture 236:583-592.. ...

Introduction: Insulin receptor (IR) and type 1 and type 2 insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF1 R and IGF2R) play important roles in regulation of placental and foetal growth. All three receptors are abundantly glycosylated. N-glycosylation significantly affects protein conformation and may alter its function. We have recently found that the N-glycome of placental membrane proteins alters during gestation. The aim of the study presented herein was to investigate whether there were gestation-related changes in N-glycan profiles of placental IR and IGFRs. Methods: Placentas from healthy women at first (FTP) and third trimester (TTP) of pregnancy were collected, membrane proteins isolated, solubilised and used as the source of IR and IGFRs. Reactivity of glycoforms of IR and IGFRs with lectins was monitored by measuring radioactivity of I-125-ligands-receptors complexes. Results: Significant differences in the binding pattern of all three receptors to the lectins were observed betwee...n FTP ...

The objective of this proposal is to determine the prognostic role of expression of Insulin-Like Growth factor II in breast cancer. IGF-II is a potent mitogen for breast tumor epithelium, and is expressed in the stroma of invasive breast cancers. In this study, we analyzed expression of IGF-II mRNA and protein in two separate series of patients with invasive breast cancer, and compared the result with other clinical parameters, prognostic indicators and patient outcome. IGF-II mRNA and protein expression were easily detected in the majority of the 193 cases that were informative and had complete clinical follow up. While analysis of the cases from the two data sets individually showed that IGF-II expression was associated with clinical outcome depending on hormone receptor status. However, IGF-II expression by itself was not a prognostic indicator, and the relationship with hormone receptor status was lost when the separate data sets were analyzed together. We were unable to prove our initial hypothesis

Circulating insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) are associated with prostate cancer. Using genetic variants as instruments for IGF peptides, we investigated whether these associations are likely to be causal. We identified from the literature 56 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IGF axis previously associated with biomarker levels (8 from a genome-wide association study [GWAS] and 48 in reported candidate genes). In ∼700 men without prostate cancer and two replication cohorts (N ∼ 900 and ∼9,000), we examined the properties of these SNPS as instrumental variables (IVs) for IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3. Those confirmed as strong IVs were tested for association with prostate cancer risk, low (, 7) vs. high (≥ 7) Gleason grade, localised vs. advanced stage, and mortality, in 22,936 controls and 22,992 cases. IV analysis was used in an attempt to estimate the causal effect of circulating IGF peptides on prostate cancer. Published SNPs in ...

The Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) system plays a critical endocrine role controlling nutrient metabolism in animals and it is a group of structurally-related polypeptides that regulate the growth of many types of mammalian cells. In liver, IGF-1 is dynamically regulated by lactation and energy balance. Less is known about the regulation of IGF-1 and IGF-binding protein mRNA in reproductive tissues and plays an important role in bovine follicular growth, acquisition of oocyte competence and embryo viability. The present study describes Polymorphisms in the IGF-1 Gene of Buffalo population in south of Iran. In order to characterization polymorphism, blood sample were collected from 95 buffalos from Ahvaz, Dezful, Shushtar, Shadegan and Susangerd cities. DNA extraction was based on Boom method and exon 1 of the IGF-1 gene was amplified to produce a 250 bp fragment. The amplified fragment were digested with Eco105I (SnaBI) restriction endonuclease. Also, the 265 bp of IGF-1 promoter in the 5

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I binds to the ECM protein vitronectin (VN) through IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) to enhance proliferation and migration of skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Although evidence exists for the role of individual components of the complex (IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and VN), the cellular functions stimulated by these proteins together as a complex remains un-investigated in melanoma cells. We report here that the IGF-I:IGFBP-3:VN trimeric complex stimulates a dose-dependent increase in the proliferation and migration of WM35 and Sk-MEL28 melanoma cells. In 3D Matrigel™ and hydrogel cultures, both cell lines formed primary tumor-like spheroids, which increased in size in a dose-dependent manner in response to the trimeric complex. Furthermore, we reveal IGFBP-3:VN protein complexes in malignant melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma patient tissues, where the IGFBP-3:VN complex was seen to be predominantly tumor cell-associated. Peptide antagonists designed to target the ...

CONTEXT: Both leukocyte telomere length and IGF-I are associated with the aging process. A previous in vitro study suggested that IGF-I may modulate telomerase activity in white blood cells, but little is known whether these two systems interact in vivo. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Leukocyte telomere length was determined using a quantitative PCR assay in 2744 elderly men (mean age 75.5 yr, range 69-81 yr) included in the population-based Osteoporotic Fractures in Men-Sweden study. Serum IGF-I concentration was measured using RIA. RESULTS: Subjects with a leukocyte telomere length in the lowest tertile group had lower serum IGF-I concentration than subjects in the two tertile groups with longer telomere lengths (P = 0.005). Logistic regression analyses showed that a higher serum IGF-I concentration was associated with a significantly reduced risk of having a leukocyte telomere length in the lowest tertile group and also after adjustment for multiple covariates (P , 0.01). Multivariate linear ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6) interacts with DNA-end binding protein Ku80 to regulate cell fate. AU - Iosef, Cristiana. AU - Vilk, Gregory. AU - Gkourasas, Theofanis. AU - Lee, Kyung Jong. AU - Chen, Benjamin P C. AU - Fu, Ping. AU - Bach, Leon A.. AU - Lajoie, Gilles. AU - Gupta, Madhulika B.. AU - Li, Shawn S C. AU - Han, Victor K.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Canada Research Chairs Program (to V.K.M.H. and S.S.-C.L.); and Cancer Council Victoria (to L.A.B.).. PY - 2010/7. Y1 - 2010/7. N2 - Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6) is a growth inhibitory protein that regulates the availability of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). We recently reported that IGFBP-6 exerts intracellular actions via its translocation to the nucleus. We now show that IGFBP-6 co-purifies by tandem-affinity with nuclear proteins involved in DNA stability and repair such as ...

Borai, A, Livingstone, C, Mehta, S, Zarif, H, Abdelaal, F and Ferns, G (2009) Biological variation in fasting serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) among individuals with a varying glucose tolerance ...

The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), their receptors, and their binding proteins play key roles in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP3, OMIM #146732) is one of the proteins that bind to the IGFs. IGFBP3 is a modulator of IGF bioactivity, and direct growth inhibitor in the extravascular tissue compartment. We identified twenty-two novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IGFBP3 gene in Korean cattle (Hanwoo, Bos taurus coreanae) by direct sequencing of full gene including -1,500 bp promoter region. Among the identified SNPs, five common SNPs were screened in 650 Korean cattle; one SNP in promoter (IGFBP3 G-854C), one in 5`UTR region (IGFBP3 G-100A), two in intron 1 (IGFBP3 G+421T, IGFBP3 T+1636A), and one in intron 2 (IGFBP3 C+3863A). The frequencies of each SNP were 0.357 (IGFBP3 G-854C), 0.472 (IGFBP3 G-100A), 0.418 (IGFBP3 G+421T), 0.363 (IGFBP3 T+1636A) and 0.226 (IGFBP3 C+3863A), respectively. Haplotypes and their ...

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-6 (IGFBP-6) is a growth inhibitory protein that regulates the availability of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). We recently reported that IGFBP-6 exerts intracellular actions via its translocation to the nucleus. We now show that IGFBP-6 co-purifies by tandem-affinity with nuclear proteins involved in DNA stability and repair such as Ku80, Ku70, histone H2B and importin-alpha. Furthermore, this report shows that IGFBP-6 and Ku80 interact specifically using two active binding sites for Ku80 in IGFBP-6. One of the binding sites [196RKR199], as part of the NLS-sequence in IGFBP-6 also binds importin-alpha which may selectively compete with Ku80 regulating its trafficking to the nucleus. Moreover, IGFBP-6 co-localized with Ku80 based on a cell cycle pattern. Overexpression of IGFBP-6 increased the nuclear Ku80 in mitotic cells and reduced it post-mitosis. It is known that if highly expressed IGFBP-6 induces apoptosis and in our model, the down-regulation of Ku80

Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are known to be important modulators of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I). However, their precise role is as yet unclear. Further, recent studies have indicated that IGFBP-3 has a receptor mediated growth inhibitory response of its own. In the present study, we quantified the binding characteristics of IGFBP-3 to bovine aortic endothelial (BAE) cells. Binding studies at 4 oC were conducted and a specific binding curve for IGFBP-3 was obtained. IGFBP-3 was found to bind with an equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) value of 3.1 x 10-10 M. The role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in the IGFBP-3 binding mechanism was also examined. It was seen that inactivation of the cell surface HSPGs with 75 mM sodium chlorate did not affect IGFBP-3 binding. Further, there have been reports of inhibition of IGFBP-3 binding by heparin in the media. Hence, the most probable interaction of HSPG with IGFBP-3 occurs in the extracellular region, with ...

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) has both IGF-dependent and -independent effects on cell growth, which are frequently growth-inhibitory. Interestingly, the development of a more aggressive phenotype in breast cancer cells (BCCs) correlates positively with elevated expression of IGFBP-3 and is often associated with all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA)-resistance. IGFBP-3 was previously demonstrated to interact directly with retinoid X receptor (RXR). In this study we have shown that IGFBP-5 also interacts with RXR and that both IGFBPs interact with retinoic acid receptor (RAR). To investigate whether the presence of IGFBP-3 regulates breast cancer cell responsiveness to atRA, we immuno-neutralized the IGFBP-3 expressed by the atRA-resistant Hs578T and MDA-MB-231 BCCs (which express IGFBP-3 constitutively) and showed that they become more sensitive to the growth-inhibitory effects of atRA. Similarly, in Hs578T cells expressing a reporter gene under the control of an RAR response element

TY - JOUR. T1 - Biochemical analysis of prostate specific antigen-proteolyzed insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. AU - Fielder, P. J.. AU - Rosenfeld, R. G.. AU - Graves, H. C.B.. AU - Grandbois, K.. AU - Maack, C. A.. AU - Sawamura, S.. AU - Ogawa, Y.. AU - Sommer, A.. AU - Cohen, P.. PY - 1994/12/1. Y1 - 1994/12/1. N2 - Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been shown to proteolyze. IGFBP-3. However, the cleavage sites and mechanism of proteolysis are unknown. In this study, we proteolyzed recombinant human IGFBP-3 with PSA bound to a solid phase support. The reaction mixture was separated by centrifugation, with PSA remaining in the solid phase and the proteolyzed IGFBP-3 in the aqueous phase, The IGPBP-3 fragments were functionally analyzed by affinity labeling and Western ligand blotting (WLB). Further biochemical analyses were provided by silver staining of total protein and Western immunoblotting (WIB) of immunoreactive fragments with an IGFBP-3 specific antiserum (α-BP-3 gl). ...

ENDOCRINE CHANGES AND CIRCULATING INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS IN NEWBORN CALVES FED COLOSTRUM, MILK OR MILK REPLACER Colostrum;Insulin-like Growth Factors;Hormones;Calf;Gastrointestinal Tract; To examine whether colostral growth factors are transferred to the general circulation, concentrations of plasma cortisol, insulin, prolactin, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factors(IGFs) -I and -II, IGF-binding proteins(IGFBPs) and total protein were measured in newborn calves fed colostrums, milk of milk replacer before and after feeding at 12 h intervals during the first two days after birth. Plasma protein concentrations increased with time after than in milk- or milk replacer-fed calves. The mean protein concentration was greater in colostrum-fed than in milk- or milk replacer-fed calves. Plasma cortisol levels transiently declined after each feeding regardless of the type of diet, while insulin levels tended to increase. Mean concentrations of these hormones did not differ between dietary groups, nor

Insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and -II) are polypeptides secreted by skeletal cells and are considered regulators of bone formation. IGF-I and -II were studied for their effects on collagen synthesis and degradation in cultures of intact fetal rat calvariae and on type I collagen transcript levels in osteoblast-enriched (Ob) cells from fetal rat parietal bone. IGF-I and -II increased [3H]proline incorporation into type I collagen independently of their effect on cell replication. IGF-I and -II also decreased collagen degradation in calvarial cultures. Both factors had similar actions, although IGF-I stimulated collagen synthesis at 10 nM, and IGF-II at 30 nM. In Ob cells, IGF-I and -II also increased [3H]proline incorporation into type I collagen, but the effect was seen at 100 nM, and neither factor decreased collagen degradation. Slot blot analysis of IGF-I- and IGF-II-treated cells, using a rat type I collagen cDNA probe, revealed an increase in type I collagen transcripts. In conclusion

AIM: To investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-7 (IGFBP-7) in the activation and transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) in vitro. METHODS: Rat HSC-T6 cells were cultured in separate dishes and treated with various concentration of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, IGFBP-7 or anti-IGFBP-7 antibody for 24 h. The supernatant or a cytoplasm suspension was obtained from cultured HSC, followed by transfer of cells to form cell-coated dishes. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting were used to analyze the expression of IGFBP-7 induced by TGF-β1 and the level of fibronectin, collagen I and (α-smooth muscle actin (SMA). The pro-apoptotic effect of anti-IGFBP-7 antibody was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting revealed that the expression of IGFBP-7 in TGF-β1 treated HSC was significantly up-regulated compared to that in the control group. In addition, fibronectin, collagen I and α-SMA also showed ...

PURPOSE: The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system plays important roles in cancer; blocking IGF signaling has been shown to have therapeutic effects on tumor growth. Many studies have focused on the effect of IGF-I, but few have addressed IGF-II. To assess the role of IGF-II in cancer, we analyzed IGF-II expression in ovarian cancer and examined its association with disease characteristics and prognosis. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Included in the study were 215 patients with primary epithelial ovarian cancer. Fresh tumor specimens were collected during surgery, and the patients were followed for a median of 31 months. Total RNA was extracted from the tumor and analyzed for IGF-II, IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and estrogen receptor-alpha expressions using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Survival analysis was done to examine the associations of IGF-II with disease progression. RESULTS: IGF-II expression was found to be higher in tumors with poor prognosis; this included tumors with ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Appearance of insulin-like growth factor mRNA in the liver and pyloric ceca of a teleost in response to exogenous growth hormone. AU - Shamblott, Michael J.. AU - Cheng, Clara M.. AU - Bolt, Douglas. AU - Chen, Thomas T.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1995/7/18. Y1 - 1995/7/18. N2 - Augmentation of vertebrate growth by growth hormone (GH) is primarily due to its regulation of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF I) and IGF II levels. To characterize the effect of GH on the levels of IGF I and IGF II mRNA in a teleost, 10 μg of bovine GH (bGH) per g of body weight was administered to juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) through i.p. injection. The levels of IGF I and IGF II mRNA were determined simultaneously, by using RNase protection assays, in the liver, pyloric ceca, kidney, and gill at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hr after injection. In the liver, IGF I mRNA levels were significantly elevated at 6 and 12 hr (≃2-to 3-fold, P ...

Vascular function is greatly influenced by growth factors and regulatory molecules that can interact with each other in a complex pattern in the vascular wall. In this thesis we studied how different substances of special interest in the pathogenesis of vascular disease interact and regulate each others expressions in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).. In VSMCs, angiotensin II was shown to delay PDGF-BB induced cell growth. This transient inhibitory effect of angiotensin II was mediated by the AT1-receptor, did not involve autocrine action of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) and acted at a site downstream of PDGF-ß receptor phosphorylation.. The interaction of the insulin-like growth factor-system (IGF-system) with various growth factors, glucose and nitric oxide (NO) was studied in vascular cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) regulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins ...

Abstract: Ghrelin is a stomach-derived peptide that has growth hormone-stimulating and orexigenic activities. Although there have been several reports of ghrelinoma cases, only a few cases have elevated circulating ghrelin levels, hampering the investigation of pathophysiological features of ghrelinoma and chronic effects of ghrelin excess. Furthermore, standard transgenic technique has resulted in desacyl ghrelin production only because of the limited tissue expression of ghrelin O-acyltransferase, which mediates acylation of ghrelin. Accordingly, we attempted to create ghrelin promoter SV40 T-antigen transgenic (GP-Tag Tg) mice, in which ghrelin-producing cells continued to proliferate and finally developed into ghrelinoma. Adult GP-Tag Tg mice showed elevated plasma ghrelin levels with preserved physiological regulation. Adult GP-Tag Tg mice with increased plasma ghrelin levels exhibited elevated IGF-I levels despite poor nutrition. Although basal growth hormone levels were not changed, those ...

The actions and bioavailability of the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are regulated by a family of six IGF binding proteins. IGFBP-3, the major circulating IGFBP, is unique in combining with a glycoprotein, the acid-labile subunit (ALS), to form a ternary complex with IGF-I or IGF-II. Each compo …

Numerous lines of evidence demonstrate that breast cancer is immunogenic; yet, there are few biologically relevant immune targets under investigation restricting the exploration of vaccines to limited breast cancer subtypes. Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) is a promising vaccine candidate since it is overexpressed in most breast cancer subtypes, is part of a dominant cancer growth pathway, and has been validated as a therapeutic target. We questioned whether IGF-IR was immunogenic in cancer patients. IGF-IR-specific IgG antibodies were significantly elevated in early-stage breast cancer patients at the time of diagnosis as compared to volunteer donors (p = 0.04). Predicted T-helper epitopes, derived from the IGF-IR extracellular and transmembrane domains, elicited a significantly higher incidence of Th2 immunity in breast cancer patients as compared to controls (p = 0.01). Moreover, the magnitude of Th2 immunity was greater in breast cancer patients compared to controls (p = ...

Introduction: In this study, we compared human placental gene expression patterns of IGF from pregnancies that ended with preterm delivery versus full term pregnancies as controls. We also assessed differences in clinical characteristics in the two groups. Materials and Methods: We used real-time PCR to assess gene expression patterns of IGF in human placental samples from 104 preterm and 140 full term pregnancies (control group) at the time of delivery. Clinical data were collected from our computerized database. Results: Pre-gestational Body Mass Index (BMI) was not significantly different in the two groups. In the preterm delivery group, the proportion of smokers was 26.9%, significantly higher than in the control group (7.1%, p,0.05). Preterm delivery began with premature rupture of membranes in 70.2% and spontaneous uterine activity in 29.8%. History of preterm delivery was present in 14.4% in the preterm delivery group compared to only 4.3% of the control group (p,0.05). In preterm ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Modulation of types I and II acute phase reactants with insulin-like growth factor-1/binding protein-3 complex in severely burned children. AU - Spies, Marcus. AU - Wolf, Steven E.. AU - Barrow, Robert E.. AU - Jeschke, Marc G.. AU - Herndon, David N.. PY - 2002/1/1. Y1 - 2002/1/1. N2 - Objective: To determine whether 0.5 mg/kg insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1/binding protein (IGFBP)-3, given intravenously, effectively alters the acute phase response in severely burned children. Design: Longitudinal trial with each patient serving as their own control. Setting: University-affiliated pediatric burn center. Patients: Nine children, 15 yrs of age or less, with burns covering ,40% of the total body surface area. Interventions: Standard burn care with early burn wound excision and grafting. Blood sampled at defined time points before and after operative procedures. Measurements and Results: Determination of types I and II acute phase reactant proteins, constitutive serum proteins, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Influence of obesity on first trimester screening markers in singleton pregnant women enrolled at tertiary care hospital. AU - Varashree, B. S.. AU - Belle, Vijetha Shenoy. AU - Krishnananda Prabhu, R. V.. AU - Rao, Pragna. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Pregnancy is diagnosed by the detection of beta human Chorionic Gonadotropin (beta hCG) in maternal serum or urine after implantation of the embryo. Primary function of hCG is to maintain the corpus luteum in early weeks of gestation. Pregnancy associated plasma protein A is a glycoprotein exhibits insulin like growth factor binding protein 4 protease activity, which regulates bioavailability of Insulin like Growth Factor-II. Maternal obesity increases the likelihood of serious pregnancy complications both for mother and infant. The altered maternal environment in women with a raised BMI could have adverse consequences for placental development and function thus we hypothesized if maternal body mass index is associated with ...

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) can induce epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in many epithelial tumors; however, the molecular mechanism by which this occurs is not clearly understood. Additionally, little is known about the involvement of IGF-I in gastric cancer. Two gastric cancer cell lines were treated with IGF-I to induce EMT and levels of transcription factor ZEB2 and microRNA-200c (miR-200c) were measured. Cells were treated with Akt/ERK inhibitors to investigate the role of these pathways in IGF-I-mediated EMT. Transfection of shRNA plasmids was used to silence the ubiquitin ligase Cbl-b to assess its involvement in this process. The relationship between IGF-IR and Cbl-b expression, and the effect of IGF-IR and Cbl-b on metastasis were analyzed in primary gastric adenocarcinoma patients. IGF-I-induced gastric cancer cell EMT was accompanied by ZEB2 up-regulation. Furthermore, both Akt/ERK inhibitors and knockdown of Akt/ERK gene reversed IGF-I-induced ZEB2 up-regulation and EMT

The type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase involved in breast cancer proliferation, survival, and metastasis. Several monoclonal antibodies directed against the receptor are in clinical trials. In

BACKGROUND: Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is probably involved in promoting both normal and neoplastic cell growth, neoplastic transformation processes, angiogenesis, and neoplasma progression. On the other hand, one possible mechanism of the oncostatic action of melatonin is its influence on the action and/or release of the growth factors that stimulate neoplastic cell growth. Quantitative changes in melatonin and IGF-I, as well as an imbalance between melatonin and IGF-I, may affect the growth of breast cancer cells and exacerbate the disease. The aim of our research was to study the interactions between plasma melatonin and IGF-I concentrations in pre-menopausal breast cancer patients.MATERIAL/METHODS: Our research involved 24 breast cancer patients (mean age 43 +/-6) with stage II breast cancer (Bloom and Richardson classification), confirmed by histological studies, and were 4 weeks after radical mastectomy. The control group consisted of 16 healthy women volunteers (mean age 44 +/- 5)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Measurement of insulin-like growth factor-II in physiological fluids and tissues. II. extraction and quantification in rat tissues. AU - Lee, Wei Hua. AU - Bowsher, Ronald R.. AU - Apathy, John M.. AU - Smith, Michele C.. AU - Henry, David P.. PY - 1991/2. Y1 - 1991/2. N2 - The tissue distribution and developmental patterns of insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) have not been investigated in rat tissues, primarily because of the lack of an efficient extraction method for IGF-II and a sensitive RIA. IGF- II was extracted from rat tissues by formic acid, and the extract was heated at an acidic pH and treated with acetone. The removal of binding proteins was demonstrated by fast protein liquid chromatography size exclusion column and the elimination of a dilutional bias in the RIA. Using rat IGF-II as standard, we optimized a RIA for the quantification of IGF-II in rat tissues. In adult rats, IGF-II was found in all 15 tissues examined, with the highest concentration in the ...

Background: Immunization against self-antigens can induce regulatory responses that inhibit the development of desirable Type I antitumor immune responses. Removing epitopes that bias toward a regulatory phenotype may enhance vaccine efficacy. We developed a novel IGFBP-2 targeting DNA plasmid vaccine capable of selectively inducing Type I immunity. IGFBP-2 is an important regulator of ovarian cancer invasiveness and metastases. Eradication of cancer cells expressing IGFBP-2 through effective immunization could prevent disease relapse or metastatic spread. Methods: In a single-arm non-randomized study of advanced stage (III/IV) or recurrent ovarian cancer patients treated to complete remission after primary or salvage therapy, 25 patients received 3 monthly doses of an IGFBP-2 DNA vaccine by intradermal injection. All adverse events (AE) were reported using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. ELISPOT ...

Background Insulin-like growth factor 1 insensitivity caused by IGF1R mutations has been previously identified as one of the causes of growth impairment in children born small for gestational age (SGA). Objective To analyse the IGF1R in children born SGA. Subjects From an initial cohort of 54 sequential children born SGA, without catch-up growth, 25 children were selected for this IGF1R study due to the presence of serum IGF-1 values above the mean for their age and sex. Methods The proximal IGF1R promoter region, the entire coding region and the exonintron boundaries were directly sequenced, and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis was performed. Fibroblast cultures were developed from one patient with a mutation for the in vitro characterization of IGF-1 insensitivity. Results The copy number variation analysis did not identify deletions involving the IGF1R gene. We identified two children carrying heterozygous nucleotide substitutions in IGF1R: c.16G,A/p.Gly6Arg and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A pilot study of protein sparing in healthy dogs using peripheral parenteral nutrition. AU - Chandler, M. L.. AU - Guilford, W. G.. AU - Maxwell, A.. AU - Barter, Linda S. PY - 2000/8. Y1 - 2000/8. N2 - Total parenteral nutrition is the standard nutritional support of dogs when the enteral route is contraindicated, but it can be difficult because of cost, technical difficulties, and potential complications. Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) may be a feasible option for short-term support in some cases. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of PPN on nitrogen balance (as an indicator of the effect on protein sparing), serum folate concentrations and serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations in fasting dogs. The effect of PPN on these parameters has not previously been reported in dogs. Using a cross-over design, three healthy adult fasting dogs were randomly assigned to three treatments: 5 per cent amino acid solution, 5 per cent glucose ...

Plasmid constructions. The IGFBP-3 sequences were excised from pSF202, pSF210, pSF211, and pSF207 containing the sequences for IGFBP-3 wild type, IGFBP-3KED253-255RGD, IGFBP-3 228KGRKR232NLS228MDGEA232, and IGFBP-3 Δ185-264, respectively ( 20) by NheI/HindIII and inserted into the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter-driven expression vector pX using SpeI/HindIII to generate pXIGFBP-3, pXIGFBP-3KED253-255RGD, and pXIGFBP-3 228KGRKR232NLS228MDGEA232. pXΔls-IGFBP-3 plasmids series: (a) To generate a new ATG start-site for the IGFBP-3 open reading frames without signal peptide (Δls), the oligonucleotide 5′-AATTCCATATGGGCGCGAGCTCGATATCA-3′ (MWG Biotech, Ebersberg, Germany) was inserted into the plasmid pUC19 digested with EcoRI and HindIII. The resulting plasmid is referred to pUC19-ATGnew. (b.1) To generate pXΔls-IGFBP-3, pXΔls-IGFBP-3KED253-255RGD, and pXΔls-IGFBP-3228KGRKR232NLS228MDGEA232, the plasmids pSF202, pSF210, and pSF211 were digested with HindIII and partially digested with SacI, ...

The aim of this work was to study the effect of chronic activation of the immune system on the somatotropic axis. Accordingly, the changes in growth hormone (GH) secretion, circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF- I) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in response to endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration were examined in adult male Wistar rats. Acute LPS injection (2.5, 25 or 250 μg/kg) increased serum corticosterone in a dose-dependent manner and decreased serum levels of insulin and IGF-I, serum GH concentration declined linearly as the LPS dose increased. Western ligand blot showed an increase in the 33 kDa band (corresponding to IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2) in the rats that received the highest dose of LPS (250 μg/kg). Chronic LPS administration (250 μg/kg daily for 8 days) significantly decreased body weight, serum levels of IGF-I and pituitary GH content, whereas it increased circulating IGFBP-3 (47 kDa band), IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 (33 kDa band) and the 24 kDa band (which possibly ...

3.0.CO;2-J. PMID 9924435. Schrementi ME, Ferreira AM, Zender C, DiPietro LA (2008). Site-specific production of TGF-beta in oral mucosal and cutaneous wounds. Wound Repair Regen. 16 (1): 80-6. doi:10.1111/j.1524-475X.2007.00320.x. PMID 18086295. Frank S, Stallmeyer B, Kämpfer H, Kolb N, Pfeilschifter J (August 2000). Leptin enhances wound re-epithelialization and constitutes a direct function of leptin in skin repair. J. Clin. Invest. 106 (4): 501-9. doi:10.1172/JCI9148. PMC 380250 . PMID 10953025. Gröschl M, Topf HG, Kratzsch J, Dötsch J, Rascher W, Rauh M (April 2005). Salivary leptin induces increased expression of growth factors in oral keratinocytes. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 34 (2): 353-66. doi:10.1677/jme.1.01658. PMID 15821102. Costigan DC, Guyda HJ, Posner BI (May 1988). Free insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF-II in human saliva. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 66 (5): 1014-8. doi:10.1210/jcem-66-5-1014. PMID 3360895. Todorović V, Pesko P, Micev M, et al. (October 2008). ...

Growth hormone exerts many of its biological effects by stimulating the production of IGF-I in the liver and other target tissues.21 IGF-I is the main mediator of the growth promoting actions of growth hormone, and its circulating concentrations are regulated by growth hormone and reflect the endogenous secretion of the latter.22 Peripheral IGF-I concentrations in childhood increase with age and pubertal development,23 so that girls have their maximal IGF-I levels around the age of 14.5 years and boys about one year later, that is almost two years later than the average age for peak height velocity. By that time testosterone concentrations have increased in boys to approximately the levels seen in adult males.24 Peripheral IGF-I concentrations decrease after puberty, and this trend continues throughout adulthood. In addition to growth hormone, peripheral concentrations of IGF-I are affected by nutritional status and hepatic function.22The large molecular weight binding protein IGFBP-3 (150 ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Growth hormone protects against ovariectomy-induced bone loss in states of low circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF-1). Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) is the effector of growth induced by growth hormone (GH). IGF-I deficiency can be the result of GH resistance or insensitivity due to genetic disorders of the GH receptor causing GH receptor deficiency (GHRD, Laron syndrome) or postreceptor defects, including the principal transduction agent STAT5b, the IG...

CCAAT-enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) β regulates insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 expression in porcine liver during prenatal and postnatal ...

RESULTS: The patients comprised 44 (26 males) who were prepubertal and 70 (36 males) pubertal or postpubertal, while 32 of the controls (19 males) were prepubertal and 41 (19 males) pubertal or postpubertal. The prepubertal children with hydrocephalus had lower IGF-I (p = 0.002) and IGFBP-3 concentrations (p < 0.001) than the controls, and the pubertal children had four times lower basal growth hormone concentrations (p < 0.001). There was a correlation between height SD score and IGF-I levels in the total patient population (r = 0.23; p = 0.01). Peripheral IGF-I concentrations peaked at pubertal stages 2-3 in the female patients and at stage 4 in the controls. The prepubertal patients on antiepileptic treatment, carbamazepine in most cases (73%), had higher IGF-I (p = 0.01) and IGFBP-3 concentrations (p = 0.03) than those who had never been treated with antiepileptic drugs, but still lower IGFBP-3 levels than the controls (p = 0.01 ...

胰岛素样生长因子1（英语：Insulin-like growth factor 1，IGF-1）也被称为生长调节素C（somatomedin C），是一个由人类基因 IGF1 编码的蛋白质[3][4]。在1970年代，IGF-1也曾经被称为酸硫化（英语：sulfation）因子[5]，並認為其作用为不受抑制的胰岛样活力（nonsuppressible insulin-like activity，NSILA）。 IGF-1是一个在三级结构上与胰岛素类似的激素，在儿童成长发育中有重要作用，并持续在成人的合成代谢中起作用。一种人工合成的IGF-1类似物，美卡舍明（英语：mecasermin），用于治疗发育停滞[6]。 IGF-1蛋白由一个肽链构成，包括70个氨基酸残基和三个分子内二硫键，分子量为7,649道尔顿[7]。 ...

In this study the hypothesis that irreversible glucose loss results in an uncoupling of the somatotrophic axis (increasing plasma GH levels and decreasing plasma IGF-I) was tested. During periods of negative energy balance the somatotrophic axis respond by increasing plasma GH and decreasing plasma IGF-I levels. In turn, elevated GH repartitions nutrient by increasing lipolysis and protein synthesis, and decreases protein degradation. Irreversible glucose loss was induced using sub-cutaneous injections of phloridizin. Seven non-lactating cows were treated with 8 g/day phloridizin (PHZ) and seven control animals (CTRL, 0 g/day), while being restricted to a diet of 80% maintenance. PHZ treatment increased urinary glucose excretion (P , 0.001), resulting in hypoglycemia (P , 0.001). As a response to this glucose loss, the PHZ treated animals had elevated plasma NEFA (P , 0.005) and BHBA (P , 0.001) levels. Average plasma insulin concentrations were not altered with PHZ treatment (P = 0.059). ...

Betaine (BET), a component of many foods, is an essential osmolyte and a source of methyl groups; it also shows an antioxidant activity. Moreover, BET stimulates muscle differentiation via insulin like growth factor I (IGF-I). The processes of myogenesis and osteogenesis involve common mechanisms with skeletal muscle cells and osteoblasts sharing the same precursor. Therefore, we have hypothesized that BET might be effective on osteoblast cell differentiation. The effect of BET was tested in human osteoblasts (hObs) derived from trabecular bone samples obtained from waste material of orthopedic surgery. Cells were treated with 10 mM BET at 5, 15, 60 min and 3, 6 and 24 h. The possible effects of BET on hObs differentiation were evaluated by real time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. Calcium imaging was used to monitor intracellular calcium changes. Real time PCR results showed that BET stimulated significantly the expression of RUNX2, osterix, bone sialoprotein and osteopontin. Western

Luteolin is a 3,4,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone found in various fruits and vegetables. We have shown previously that luteolin reduces HT-29 cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The objective of this study was to examine whether luteolin downregulates the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling pathway in HT-29 cells. In order to assess the effects of luteolin and/or IGF-I on the IGF-IR signaling pathway, cells were cultured with or without 60 μmol/L luteolin and/or 10 nmol/L IGF-I. Cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and IGF-IR mRNA levels were evaluated by a cell viability assay, [3H]thymidine incorporation assays, and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Western blot analyses, immunoprecipitation, and in vitro kinase assays were conducted to evaluate the secretion of IGF-II, the protein expression and activation of IGF-IR, and the association of the p85 subunit of phophatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) with IGF-IR, the phosphorylation of Akt and

Recombinant Human Insulin Binding Protein 6 (IGFBP-6) Protein Recombinant human Insulin Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-6 (IGFBP-6) protein SIZE: 10 ug. A Taste Of Thai Thin Rice Noodles type 1; Type 2; About Us; Online Community; Meal Planning; If you have type 2 diabetes your body does not use insulin properly. The exact causes of type 2 diabetes arent completely understood but it is known that the disease has a strong hereditary component.. Sick Day Rules in Diabetes TheDiabetesExpert. Diabetic nephropathy is a complication of type 1 and type diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease in the United New Human Physiology Insulin increases the uptake of glucose through GLUT 4 [insulin] will cause tissues to store away the available blood glucose Summary of Primary Pancreatic Ewings Sarcoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis. Preoperative diagnosis of portal vein invasion in pancreatic head cancer Although treatment is not necessary for skin tags unless the skin ...

The effects of double release of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) from nanoparticles on the growth of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their differentiation into cartilage cells were studied on PLGA scaffolds. The release was achieved by using nanoparticles of poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) carrying IGF-I and TGF-β1, respectively. On tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS), TGF-β1 released from PNIPAM nanoparticles was found to have a significant effect on proliferation, while IGF-I encouraged differentiation, as shown by collagen type II deposition. The study was then conducted on macroporous (pore size 200-400μm) PLGA scaffolds. It was observed that the combination of IGF-I and TGF-β1 yielded better results in terms of collagen type II and aggrecan expression than GF-free and single GF-containing applications. It thus appears that gradual release of a combination of growth factors from nanoparticles ...

The interaction of soluble forms of the human cation-independent insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor (IGF-IIR) with IGFs and mannosylated ligands was analyzed in real time. IGF-IIR proteins containing domains 1-15, 10-13, 11-13, or 11-12 were combined with rat CD4 domains 3 and 4. Following transient expression in 293T cells, secreted protein was immobilized onto biosensor chips. beta-Glucuronidase and latent transforming growth factor-beta1 bound only to domains 1-15. IGF-II bound to all constructs except a control, which contained a point mutation in domain 11. The affinity of domains 1-15, 10-13, 11-13, and 11-12 to IGF-II were 14, 120, 100, and 450 nm, respectively. Our data suggest that domain 13 acts as an enhancer of IGF-II affinity by slowing the rate of dissociation, but additional enhancement by domains other than 10-13 also occurs. As the receptor functions to transport ligands from either the trans-Golgi network or extracellular space to the endosomes, the interaction

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