For more than 50 years, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) has supported and conducted research on the processes of human development and how they affect health, from preconception through adulthood. The history of the NICHD is not a series of solitary endeavors; instead, the NICHD is, and has always been, a family-a whole that is truly the sum of its unique and extraordinary parts.

Homicide, accidental suffocation, motor vehicle accidents, fire, drowning, and choking were the major causes of injury-related death for children less than a year of age, according to a study by researchers at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).

With more than one third of pregnancies in the United States being delivered by cesarean and the growing knowledge of morbidities associated with repeat cesarean deliveries, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine, …

Copyright © 2014 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. OBJECTIVE: Prophylactic indomethacin reduces severe intraventricular hemorrhage but may increase spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Early feedings improve nutritional outcomes but may increase the risk of SIP. Despite their benefits, use of these therapies varies largely by physician preferences in part because of the concern for SIP. METHODS: This was a cohort study of 15 751 ELBW infants in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network from 1999 to 2010 who survived beyond 12 hours after birth. The risk of SIP was compared between groups of infants with and without exposure to prophylactic indomethacin and early feeding in unadjusted analyses and in analyses adjusted for center and for risks of SIP. RESULTS: Among infants exposed to prophylactic indomethacin, the risk of SIP did not differ between the ...

Yesterday, House Democratic Whip Steny Hoyer (D-MD) and Rep. Peter King (R-NY) introduced H.R. 2152, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Act, with 30 original cosponsors. It passed the House last year with broad bipartisan support. This legislation honors the legacy of Eunice Kennedy Shriver and supports people with intellectual disabilities and their families. The Eunice Kennedy Shriver Act would reauthorize the Special Olympics Sport and Empowerment Act, authorize the Department of Education to make grants to the Best Buddies organization to support the expansion and development of mentoring programs for people with intellectual disabilities, and support the establishment of Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institutes for Sport and Social Impact. All of these programs improve and advance opportunities for people with intellectual disabilities to fully participate and engage in sports and recreation, social activities, and other community opportunities.

Improved survival rates and earlier discharge of preterm (,37 weeks gestation at birth) and low birth weight (,2500 g at birth) infants have increased the number of small infants who are being transported in private vehicles. Car safety seats that are used correctly are 71% effective in preventing fatalities attributable to passenger car crashes in infants.1 To ensure that preterm and low birth weight infants are transported safely, the proper selection and use of car safety seats or car beds are necessary.. Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 213, which establishes design and dynamic performance requirements for child-restraint systems, applies to children weighing up to 65 lb. However, the standard has no minimum weight limit and does not address the relative hypotonia and risk of airway obstruction in preterm or low birth weight infants. Most rear-facing car safety seats are designated by the manufacturer for use by infants weighing more than 4 or 5 lb, with some designated for use ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Inhaled nitric oxide usage in preterm infants in the NICHD neonatal research network. T2 - Inter-site variation and propensity evaluation. AU - Truog, W. E.. AU - Nelin, L. D.. AU - Das, A.. AU - Kendrick, D. E.. AU - Bell, E. F.. AU - Carlo, W. A.. AU - Higgins, R. D.. AU - Laptook, A. R.. AU - Sanchez, P. J.. AU - Shankaran, S.. AU - Stoll, B. J.. AU - Van Meurs, K. P.. AU - Walsh, M. C.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.. PY - 2014/11/5. Y1 - 2014/11/5. N2 - Objective:The use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in preterm infants remains controversial. In October 2010, a National Institutes of Health consensus development conference cautioned against use of iNO in preterm infants. This study aims (1) to determine the prevalence and variability in use of iNO in the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network (NICHD NRN) before and after the consensus conference and (2) separately, ...

MUDAHEMUKA, J C e BALLOT, D E. Birth weight recovery among very low birth weight infants surviving to discharge from Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital. S. Afr. j. child health [online]. 2014, vol.8, n.4, pp.149-153. ISSN 1999-7671. http://dx.doi.org/10.7196/SAJCH.709.. BACKGROUND: The recommended growth velocity (GV) of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants is 15 g/kg/day. Several factors have been associated with poor postnatal weight gain. OBJECTIVE: To provide current information on the postnatal growth of VLBW infants at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH). METHODS: This was a longitudinal study of VLBW infants surviving to discharge from CMJAH neonatal unit from August to October 2013. RESULTS: Sixty-nine infants were included in the study. The mean GV was 13.2 g/kg/day, the median weight loss was 7.69% and the median time for regaining birth weight was 16 days. Fifty-one infants (73.9%) regained their birth weight at or before 21 days. There was a decrease ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effects of early dexamethasone therapy on pulmonary mechanics and chronic lung disease in very low birth weight infants. T2 - A randomized, controlled trial. AU - Durand, M.. AU - Sardesai, S.. AU - McEvoy, C.. PY - 1995/4/24. Y1 - 1995/4/24. N2 - Objective. To determine the changes in pulmonary mechanics before and during early dexamethasone therapy, and to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on the duration of mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight (VLBW) ventilator-dependent infants at risk for chronic lung disease (CLD). Methods. A prospective randomized trial was conducted. Forty-three patients (birth weight 600 to 1500 g, gestational age 24 to 32 weeks) who failed to be weaned from the respirator at 7 to 14 days of age were enrolled; 23 infants received a 7-day course of dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg/day intravenously for 3 days, 0.25 mg/kg/day for 3 days, and 0.1 mg/kg/day for 1 day), and 20 patients were in the control group. At similar mean airway pressure (MAP) and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hyperglycemia and retinopathy of prematurity in very low birth weight infants. AU - Garg, Ruchira. AU - Agthe, Alexander G.. AU - Donohue, Pamela K.. AU - Lehmann, Christoph U.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2003/4. Y1 - 2003/4. N2 - Objective: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) remains a leading cause of morbidity in the very low-birth-weight (VLBW) infant. This study investigates a possible association between serum/blood glucose and the development of ROP. Methods: A retrospective case - control study of all infants born between 1992 and 1997 at the Johns Hopkins Hospital with birth weights less than 1000 g who developed Stage 3 or 4 ROP was conducted. Controls either had Stage 1 ROP or no eye disease and were matched 2:1 with ROP patients for gestational age, birth weight and year of birth. Odds ratios (ORs) of ROP were calculated for multiple exposures over the first month after birth, including oxygen concentration (FiO2), blood ...

BackgroundPost-ligation cardiac syndrome (PLCS) is a common complication of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) surgical closure in low birth weight infants. It has been associated with mortality, but there is a lack of information about the neurodevelopmental outcome of the survivors. We aimed to explore the prevalence of PLCS and to assess whether this clinical condition is a risk factor for adverse outcome, (moderate or severe neurodevelopmental disabilities).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of all the infants | 30 weeks of gestation who underwent ductus arteriosus ligation at our unit between 2005 and 2009.ResultsDuring the study period, 39 preterm infants [mean gestational age 26.4 (2) weeks] underwent surgical closure of the PDA at a mean postnatal age of 25.3 (2.3) days. Twenty six percent of the study population developed PLCS. Five infants died and the follow-up was accomplished in 24 infants (70% of the survivors) at a mean age of 5.3 (1.5) years (range 2-9 years).

This report documents the temperature on admission of a recent large cohort of very low birth weight infants born within 15 academic centers and transferred directly to the NICU from the labor and delivery department. The principal findings of this study are as follows: (a) low temperatures on admission are common; (b) there are important associations between the admission temperature and variables antecedent to admission that may be amenable to change; and (c) there is a prominent association between the extent of reduced temperature on admission and both late-onset sepsis and in-hospital mortality.. Efforts to limit heat loss are important initial steps in the stabilization of newborns immediately after birth and are incorporated in the Neonatal Resuscitation Program12 and the World Health Organizations guide to thermal control of the newborn.13 Minimizing heat loss in low birth weight and premature infants is difficult because of high evaporative heat loss exacerbated by a large temperature ...

OBJECTIVE: We studied the ante- and postnatal risk factors and clinical outcomes associated with pulmonary interstitial emphysema (PIE) in extremely low birth weight infants (ELBW, |1000 g at birth) in the present era of tocolytics, antenatal steroid

The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) is recruiting for a Supervisory Health Science Administrator to serve as a Branch Chief of the NICHD Developmental Biology and Structural Variation Branch (DBSVB) in the Division of Extramural Research (DER https://www.nichd.nih.gov/about/org/der). DBSVB provides a research focus to understand the biological processes that control normal embryonic development, as well as mechanisms that underlie molecular susceptibility and etiology of structural birth defects. The Branch supports studies to elucidate effects of genetic and epigenetic factors on fundamental developmental processes and mechanisms controlling the flow of genetic information and other factors during normal and abnormal development. The DBSVB seeks a candidate with a strong background in developmental biology; developmental genetics with an emphasis on the gene organization, regulation of gene action, gene regulatory networks, and the genetic ...

The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) established the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b) to study women for whom the current pregnancy will lead to their first delivery (nulliparas). About 40% of pregnant women in the United States are nulliparas. Because little or no information from previous pregnancy outcomes is available to guide assignment of risk or mitigating interventions, adverse pregnancy outcomes in nulliparas are especially unpredictable. The underlying mechanisms of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction and stillbirth are interrelated and therefore will be evaluated as part of this study. The information gained will benefit women who are pregnant or who are considering pregnancy and their physicians. In addition, the knowledge will support future research aimed at improving care and health outcomes for a critical group of at-risk women who ...

The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) established the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-to-be (nuMoM2b) to study women for whom the current pregnancy will lead to their first delivery (nulliparas). About 40% of pregnant women in the United States are nulliparas. Because little or no information from previous pregnancy outcomes is available to guide assignment of risk or mitigating interventions, adverse pregnancy outcomes in nulliparas are especially unpredictable. The underlying mechanisms of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction and stillbirth are interrelated and therefore will be evaluated as part of this study. The information gained will benefit women who are pregnant or who are considering pregnancy and their physicians. In addition, the knowledge will support future research aimed at improving care and health outcomes for a critical group of at-risk women who ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Daytime Compared With Nighttime Differences in Management and Outcomes of Postpartum Hemorrhage. AU - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network. AU - Yee, Lynn M.. AU - McGee, Paula. AU - Bailit, Jennifer L.. AU - Reddy, Uma M.. AU - Wapner, Ronald J.. AU - Varner, Michael W.. AU - Thorp, John M.. AU - Leveno, Kenneth J.. AU - Caritis, Steve N.. AU - Prasad, Mona. AU - Tita, Alan T.N.. AU - Saade, George. AU - Sorokin, Yoram. AU - Rouse, Dwight J.. AU - Blackwell, Sean C.. AU - Tolosa, Jorge E.. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess whether postpartum hemorrhage management or subsequent morbidity differs based on whether delivery occurred during the day or night. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of a multicenter observational obstetric cohort of more than 115,000 mother-neonate pairs from 25 hospitals (2008-2011). This analysis included women delivering singleton ...

The Initiative for Multipurpose Prevention Technologies (IMPT) is a project of CAMI Health, a social impact organization dedicated to improving the health of women and their families worldwide. CAMI Health is housed at the Public Health Institute (PHI).. This project is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) through an interagency agreement with the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), cooperative agreement #AID-OAA-A-16-00045. The contents of this website are the sole responsibility of the IMPT, CAMI Health, PHI, and its partners and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government ...

The invention from Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) provides a non-invasive, painless means for measuring microanatomical features of Nerve and Axon Diameter Distribution (ADD) to image the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems (CNS and PNS). ADD is altered in abnormal development (e.g., autism), in neurodegenerative processes (e.g., aging, alcoholism, Alzheimers disease) and diseases such as ALS (Lou Gehrigs disease). U.S. patent 7,643,863, related to this invention, consists of a novel diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) experiment and modeling framework, termed Composite Hindered and Restricted Model of Diffusion (CHARMED). It characterizes hindered and restricted anisotropic diffusion in brain white matter by marrying Diffusion Tensor MRI (DTI) and q-space MRI. DTI provides information primarily about how water diffuses in the extracellular compartment of tissues, where water mobility is hindered (i.e., where water diffuses ...

Sudden infant death syndrome is the the number-one cause of death in babies between a month and a year old, according to the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. In many, many instances, SIDS occurs because of internal causes that are impossible for anyone to control - for example, a…. ...

Pharmacokinetics of 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in multifetal gestation.Authors: Caritis SN, Sharma S, Venkataramanan R, Rouse DJ, Peaceman AM, Sciscione A, Spong CY, Varner MW, Malone FD, Iams JD, Mercer BM, Thorp JM Jr, Sorokin Y, Carpenter M, Lo J, Ramin S, Harper M, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network ...

2012-2015] Systems Analysis and Improvement to Optimize pMTCT: A Cluster Randomized Trial.. This project received funding support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01HD075057, via a subagreement from the University of Washington.. [2017-2022] Scaling up the Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach for pMTCT in Mozambique.. This project receives funding support from the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01MH113435, via a subagreement from the University of Washington.. [2016-2019] Usability and Feasibility of a Phone-based Decision Support Tool for Option B+.. This project received funding support from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number R21AI124399, via a subagreement from the University of Washington.. [2014-2017] Assessing a tablet-based clinical ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Chest compression rates and pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest survival outcomes. AU - the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Collaborative Pediatric Critical Care Research Network (CPCCRN) Investigators. AU - Sutton, Robert M.. AU - Reeder, Ron W.. AU - Landis, William. AU - Meert, Kathleen L.. AU - Yates, Andrew R.. AU - Berger, John T.. AU - Newth, Christopher J.. AU - Carcillo, Joseph A.. AU - McQuillen, Patrick S.. AU - Harrison, Rick E.. AU - Moler, Frank W.. AU - Pollack, Murray M.. AU - Carpenter, Todd C.. AU - Notterman, Daniel A.. AU - Holubkov, Richard. AU - Dean, J. Michael. AU - Nadkarni, Vinay M.. AU - Berg, Robert A.. AU - Zuppa, Athena F.. AU - Graham, Katherine. AU - Twelves, Carolann. AU - Diliberto, Mary Ann. AU - Tomanio, Elyse. AU - Kwok, Jeni. AU - Bell, Michael J.. AU - Abraham, Alan. AU - Sapru, Anil. AU - Alkhouli, Mustafa F.. AU - Heidemann, Sabrina. AU - Pawluszka, Ann. AU - Hall, Mark W.. AU - Steele, ...

I have often blogged about the impact of excess weight in pregnancy on both the health of the mother and the infant.. The need to manage gestational diabetes, a frequent complication in overweight and obese women, is well established but the evidence for mild cases is less clear.. This question was now addressed by Mark Landon and colleagues on behalf of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network in a paper just published in the New England Journal of Medicine.. This multicenter trial randomised a total of 958 women who were in the 24th to 31st week of gestation and who met the criteria for mild gestational diabetes mellitus (i.e., an abnormal result on an oral glucose-tolerance test but a fasting glucose level below 95 mg per deciliter [5.3 mmol per liter]) to usual prenatal care (control group) or dietary intervention, self-monitoring of blood glucose, and insulin therapy, if necessary (treatment group).. Although ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and childhood fat mass in the Mount Sinai Childrens Environmental Health Study. AU - Buckley, Jessie P.. AU - Herring, Amy H.. AU - Wolff, Mary S.. AU - Calafat, Antonia M.. AU - Engel, Stephanie M.. N1 - Funding Information: We thank Xiaoyun Ye, Amber Bishop, and Jack Reidy for the measurement of the phenols metabolites. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS, ES021700 ). The Mount Sinai Childrens Environmental Health Study was supported by grants from NIEHS ( ES009584 ), EPA ( R827039 and RD831711 ), ATSDR, and The New York Community Trust. JPB was supported by training grants from NIEHS ( T32 ES007018 ) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ( T32-HD052468-05 ). PY - 2016/5/1. Y1 - 2016/5/1. N2 - Early life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals may alter adipogenesis and energy balance leading to changes in obesity risk. Several ...

1 Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil 2 Westat, Rockville, MD, USA 3 Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil 4 Clínica de Inmunodeficiencias/Depto. de Infectología, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City 5 Department of Child & Adolescent Health, the University of the West Indies, Jamaica 6 National Institute of Child Health and Faculty of Medicine of National University of San Marcos of Lima Peru 7 Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil 8 Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina 9 Instituto de Pesquisas Biomédicas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul and Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, both in Porto Alegre, Brazil 10 Maternal and Pediatric Infectious Disease Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, ...

LAWRENCE - The Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center has been awarded a five-year, $5.40 million cooperative agreement from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.. The award provides support for administrative, statistical, participant recruitment, measurement methodology and various preclinical services to support the work of 43 scientists who hold 51 externally funded basic and applied research grants on the topic of intellectual and developmental disabilities at the Lawrence and Medical Center campuses, as well as at the Childrens Campus of Kansas City.. It also supports a specific research project to examine the efficacy of an intervention to improve spoken word production in minimally verbal school-age children with autism spectrum disorder.. The KIDDRC is one of only 14 nationally designated centers that seek to advance the diagnosis, prevention, treatment and amelioration of intellectual and developmental ...

The women were told to keep journals of their menstrual cycles, intercourse and home pregnancy tests. They were followed until pregnancy for up to a year of trying to get pregnancy. The researchers found that obese couples tooka lot longer to achieve pregnancy than couples who werent obese. Previous studies had focused on the weight of the woman, but this study takes the weight of both parents into consideration.. A lot of studies on fertility and body composition have focused on the female partner, but our findings underscore the importance of including both partners, said Rajeshwari Sundaram, Ph.D., a senior investigator in the Division of Intramural Population Health Research at NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, in the statement. Our results also indicate that fertility specialists may want to consider couples body compositions when counseling patients.. ...

Researchers have developed a test to measure the expressive language skills of people with Fragile X syndrome, a genetic disorder that may result in intellectual disability, cognitive impairment and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. Expressive language refers to the use of words to convey meaning to others. The work was funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, part of the National Institutes of Health.

Women in Ireland and Northern Ireland accessing medical abortion through online telemedicine report overwhelmingly positive benefits for health, wellbeing, and autonomy, Aiken said. This examination and subsequent findings provide a new evidence to inform the policy debate surrounding abortion laws in Ireland and Northern Ireland. Funding for this research was in part provided by infrastructure grants for population research from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health.. The study was published online first at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-0528.14401/full. ...

A team of researchers led by UC Davis MIND Institute Director Leonard Abbeduto will investigate the effectiveness of testing procedures to examine the spoken language development of people with fragile X syndrome and people with Down syndrome, through a new five-year, $3 million grant from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health.

Health Behavior Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research (Gilman), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Md.; Department of Mental Health (Gilman), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Mathematics and Statistics (Sucha), and School of Epidemiology and Public Health (Sucha, Kingsbury), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.; Department of Mathematics and Statistics (Horton), Amherst College, Amherst, Mass.; Department of Psychiatry (Murphy), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Department of Epidemiology (Murphy), Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass.; Department of Psychiatry (Murphy), Dalhousie University Faculty of Medicine, Halifax, NS; School of Epidemiology, Public Health & Preventive Medicine (Colman), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. ...

A medication taken by millions of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may delay puberty, at least temporarily, according to a new study in animals.. High doses of the drug methylphenidate - the active ingredient in Ritalin and other ADHD medications - reduced testes size and delayed descent of the testes in male monkeys younger than 5 years old, compared with monkeys not given the drug. The drug also reduced their testosterone levels at both low and high doses.. However, the effects were not permanent. Around age 5, both the treated and untreated groups reached similar stages of puberty.. The results are the first to suggest this drug may affect testes development and testosterone levels.. This was an unexpected finding, said study researcher Dr. Donald Mattison, of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. The original premise of the study was to examine whether methylphenidate damaged DNA, Mattison said.. The findings are ...

To combat obesity and diabetes, lawmakers in a number of U.S. cities have taxed sodas, sports drinks, and sweetened tea, and many are now considering health warning labels. Growing evidence suggests that both strategies-taxes and warning labels-can reduce the purchase and consumption of sugary drinks, research supported by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child…. Read More ...

UNLABELLED: Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) has been increasingly reported in very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants, although it is still less common than necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In around one-third of cases, SIP is associated with systemic candidiasis. We describe a case of SIP and Candida peritonitis in a VLBW infant, which was mistakenly diagnosed as NEC during the infants short life. At laparotomy, the bowel surface was black and thought to be necrotic. As the infant was thought to have whole-bowel necrosis due to NEC, her condition was deemed incompatible with survival. At postmortem, however, the bowel wall was found to be healthy apart from a very localized patch of necrosis associated with a single perforation. The bowel was covered by a thick, black, serosal exudate consisting of fungal elements from Candida albicans. CONCLUSION: This case reinforces the fact that a markedly discoloured bowel is not necessarily necrotic and that the discoloration can potentially recover.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to determine the effect of training in newborn care and resuscitation on 7-day (early) neonatal mortality rates for very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. The study was designed to test the hypothesis that these training programs would reduce neonatal mortality rates for VLBW infants.

Breastfeeding a very low birth weight baby is a challenging and exhausting experience for the mother. A better teaching protocol for breastfeeding and an improved breastfeeding ethos need to be implemented in the neonatal intensive care unit and special care nursery to support families of very low b …

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth is associated with variable degrees of brain injury, adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and continuing special health care needs. STUDY AND AIMS: This observational, retrospective and cross-sectional study aims to describe the functional features of VLBW infants using the ICF-CY classification and to identify the association between gender, twinship, birth weight, gestational age, adjusted age and functioning as defined by the ICF biopsychosocial model. SAMPLE: 56 VLBW infants (corrected age of 12-24 months) were consecutively enrolled. INSTRUMENTS: Three assessment tools were used: a neuro-functional assessment (NFA); the Griffiths Mental Development Scales-Revised: Birth to 2 years (Griffiths 0-2) to evaluate psychomotor development and the ICF-CY questionnaire for ages 0-3. RESULTS: A two-step cluster component analysis with the Bayesian information criterion was conducted based on NFA and Griffiths 0-2 scores and four groups of infants functioning (very low, low, ...

Results The mean i-FABP concentration in the second group (1.75±0.62 ng/ml) was elevated in 1.4 times compared with the first group (1.23±0.23 ng/ml). Significant high urine i-FABP concentration was observed in died infants of second group (2.39±0.88 ng/ml, p,0.05). In contrast the serum LBP level in newborns of second group was lower (23.1±4.5 ng/ml) in 1.4 time compared to newborns of first group (32.1±2.3 ng/ml).. ...

BACKGROUND: Recent nutrition guidelines for extremely-low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs) recommend implementation of high initial amino acid (AA) supplementation in parenteral nutrition.. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the influence of AA intake on refeeding syndrome-like electrolyte disturbances including hypophosphatemia in ELBWIs.. STUDY DESIGN: Medical records of 142 ELBWIs were reviewed. Demographic, nutritional, outcome, and electrolyte data were compared between ELBWIs with initial low (1.5 g/kg/day) and high (3 g/kg/day) AA intake. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the odds ratio of hypophosphatemia with high AA intake and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) ELBWIs.. RESULTS: The incidence of hypophosphatemia and severe hypophosphatemia increased from 51% and 8% in period I to 59% and 20% in period II, respectively (p = 0.36 and , 0.01). Specifically, SGA ELBWIs showed higher incidence of hypophosphatemia than appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) ELBWIs in period II, whereas ...

Our main finding was that the size of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy was associated with the birth weight. Approximately half of this association was due to the effect of first trimester size on the duration of pregnancy. The clinical significance of this finding is underlined by the association between fetal growth in early pregnancy and the risk of delivering a small for gestational age infant. Before the widespread use of ultrasound, fetal growth was thought to be largely genetically determined in early pregnancy and variation in fetal growth was thought to be primarily a feature of the second half of pregnancy.13 With the widespread clinical use of ultrasound, analysis of routinely collected data showed that fetuses that were smaller than expected in early pregnancy were at increased risk of adverse outcome, particularly poor growth. Intrauterine growth restriction was postulated to be evident in very early pregnancy.6 However, other authors suggested that a prolonged interval ...

Spontaneous closure of the patent ductus arteriosus in very low birth weight infants following discharge from the neonatal unit ...

The MOMS Trial was a clinical trial that studied treatment of a birth defect called myelomeningocele, which is the most severe form of spina bifida. The study looked at prenatal (before birth) and postnatal (after birth) surgery to repair this defect. The first major phase concluded that prenatal surgery had strong, long-term benefits and some risks. The name of the trial stands for Management of Myelomeningocele Study. It was funded by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and was done by The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia, the University of California, San Francisco, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville and the George Washington University in Washington, D.C. Spina bifida, or myelomeningocele, is a type of open neural tube defect that can occur with problems with the early development of a fetus. Most researchers believe that both genetic and environmental factors (such as diet) play a role. During the first 28 days of a ...

This list includes articles in PubMed as of July 17, 2020 with a PubMed entry date between April 1, 2019 and June 30, 2020 that reference P2C, R24, or T32 grant support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development and oversight by Population Dynamics Branch Program Officials.. Recent Articles Appearing in PubMed. Hayford SR, Garver S, Soura AB, et. al. Community Influences on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A Comparison of Four Francophone West African Countries. Stud Fam Plann. 2020 Mar; 51(1):3-32. Epub 2020 Feb 27 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - MKRN3 inhibits the reproductive axis through actions in kisspeptin-expressing neurons. AU - Abreu, Ana Paula. AU - Toro, Carlos A.. AU - Song, Yong Bhum. AU - Navarro, Victor M.. AU - Bosch, Martha A.. AU - Eren, Aysegul. AU - Liang, Joy N.. AU - Carroll, Rona S.. AU - Latronico, Ana Claudia. AU - Rønnekleiv, Oline K.. AU - Aylwin, Carlos F.. AU - Lomniczi, Alejandro. AU - Ojeda, Sergio. AU - Kaiser, Ursula B.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by grants from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R00 HD091381 to APA and R01 HD082314 to UBK) and the NIH (R01 HD084542 to AL and SO, R01 DK068098 to OKR, and P51 OD011092 for the operation of the Oregon National Primate Research Center). The authors would like to thank Han K. Kim and Melissa Magnuson for their assistance with the project and Victor Vaz for his assistance with the graphical abstract. Publisher Copyright: Copyright: © 2020, American Society for Clinical ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Marriage Decline in Korea. T2 - Changing Composition of the Domestic Marriage Market and Growth in International Marriage. AU - Raymo, James M.. AU - Park, Hyunjoon. N1 - Funding Information: James Raymo acknowledges support provided by a center grant from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (P2C HD047873). Hyunjoon Park acknowledges support from the Laboratory Program for Korean Studies through the Ministry of Education of Republic of Korea and Korean Studies Promotion Service of the Academy of Korean Studies (AKS-2016-LAB-2250002). Publisher Copyright: © 2020, Population Association of America.. PY - 2020/2/1. Y1 - 2020/2/1. N2 - Explanations for the substantial decline in rates of marriage in East Asian countries often emphasize the role of rapid educational expansion for women in reducing the desirability of marriages characterized by a strong gender-based division of labor. Focusing on South Korea, we consider a very different ...

BACKGROUND Infants less than 1500 grams at birth have been demonstrated to be particularly prone to development of low levels of serum sodium often leading to increased early neonatal morbidity and mortality. No local study has been done to quantify this problem among sick newborns. Studies elsewhere demonstrate a high incidence of hyponatraemia among such preterms. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of infant early neonatal morbidity on serum sodium levels and justify regular monitoring and supplementation. DESIGN Comparative cohort study. SETTING Newborn Unit, Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. SUBJECTS Fifty six very low birth weight (1000-1500 grams at birth) infants during their first week of life. Half of them were designated as cases in view of having various early neonatal illnesses. The remaining 28 being clinically stable were taken as controls. These two groups had comparable birthweights, sex distribution and gestational ages. Their sodium intakes were also similar during the

Purpose.: To examine choroidal thickness in a population-based child cohort in relation to birth parameters. Methods.: The Copenhagen Child Cohort 2000 Eye Study examined 1406 children aged 11 to 12 years using enhanced depth imaging spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT), ocular biometry and measurement of height, weight, refraction, and self-reported pubertal development status. Birth parameters were obtained from the Danish Medical Birth Registry. Results.: The subfoveal choroid in low birth weight children (,2500 g, n = 51, mean 324 ± 76 μm) was thinner than in normal birth weight children (2500-4500 g, n = 1194, mean 361 ± 78 μm), the difference being −37 (CI95 −60 to −15) μm, P = 0.001 after adjusting for age, sex, height, Tanner stage by sex, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and spherical equivalent refractive error. The subfoveal choroid in high birth weight children (,4500 g, n = 48, mean 351 ± 63 μm) was comparable with normal birth weight children, P ...

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Results: Abdominal temperatures were low throughout the 12-hour study period (mean 35.17-36.68 1C). Seven of 10 infants had significant correlations between abdominal temperature and heart rate. Heart rates above the 75th percentile were associated with low and high abdominal temperatures; heart rates less than the 25th percentile were associated with very low abdominal temperatures. The extent to which abdominal temperature was abnormally low was related to the extent to which the heart rate trended away from normal in 6 of the 10 infants. Optimal temperature control point that maximized normal heart rate observations for each infant was between 36.8 1C and 37 1C ...

Definition of Extremely Low Birth Weight in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is Extremely Low Birth Weight? Meaning of Extremely Low Birth Weight as a legal term. What does Extremely Low Birth Weight mean in law?

A rise in the number of low birth weight infants in the United States is a major reason why theres an increased rate of a common type of birthmark called infantile hemangioma, a new study finds.. Hemangiomas are benign tumors composed of blood vessels. According to the study, there is a dramatic increase in the number of infants presenting for care with hemangiomas.. We believe the results of this study provide an explanation for this emerging pediatric health issue, study author Dr. Beth Drolet said.. Being female, white and premature were previously identified as risk factors for hemagniomas, but this study concluded that low birth weight is the most statistically significant risk factor.. ...

Authors: Adrianne R. Bischoff, André K. Portella, Catherine Paquet, Roberta Dalle Molle, Aida Faber, Narendra Arora, Robert D. Levitan, Patrícia P. Silveira and Laurette Dubé Publication: British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 119, No. 11, June 2018 Abstract: Evidence suggests that both high and low birth weight children have increased the risk for obesity and the metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Previously we have found altered feeding behaviour and food preferences in pre-school children and adults born with low birth weight. In this study, we investigated if birth weight was associated with different intake of fat, carbohydrate and/or protein at 6-12 years of age. This is a cross-sectional study where 255 guardians answered online and telephone questions including anthropometrics and demographic data, parental family food rules (food control, encouragement and restriction) and a complete web-based FFQ for their children (130 boys and 125 girls). Baseline demographic and parental food rules

PURPOSE: Extremely low gestation age newborns (ELGANs) are at high risk for developmental brain abnormalities, which can lead to cognitive, physical, emotional and behavioral deficits. This study is to determine potential brain volumetric abnormalities of ELGAN children at 9 to 10 years of age. METHODS: High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained from 82 ELGAN children using a dual-echo turbo spin-echo (DE-TSE) pulse sequence at 3.0T (or 1.5T at only one site). The DICOM MR images were processed with quantitative MRI algorithms programmed in Mathcad. The brain gray matter (GM), white matter (WM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes were quantified using semi-automated clustering segmentation algorithms. RESULTS: Total brain volumes (GM+WM) of ELGAN children showed a large distribution range from 400 to 1500 mL. About 63% of the children had smaller brain volumes while 5% of them had larger brain volumes compared to the published data from normal children at the same ...

This project would not be possible without the participation of a multicenter group with wide-reaching, long-term experience in collaborative network-based studies, and the availability of a cohort of clinically well characterized patients. Fortunately, we were granted access to a clinical audit study called the Design and local implementation of Clinical Audits in different types of Obstructive Lung Disease (DELICATO study), sponsored jointly by the Respiratory Area of the Research Network Center (CIBERES) and the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR), that includes an appropriate cohort for the objectives of this project.. The inclusion and exclusion criteria, then, were the same as those of the DELICATO study. Briefly, patients with COPD2 and a group of healthy controls were studied with continuous follow-up in a specialized respiratory medicine clinic for at least 2 years. We used a standardized questionnaire to recruit healthy controls, well-matched in sex and age ...

Severe ROP is more prevalent in ELBW infants. Our study showed the prevalence of ROP was 70.6% and that of severe ROP requiring treatment was 17.6% in ELBW infants of ,1000 g. This was comparable to another local study in Hong Kong in which 53.4% of ELBW infants developed ROP and 14.5% developed severe ROP requiring treatment.25 Our results are also comparable to those of other countries, where the prevalences of ROP and severe ROP requiring treatment in ELBW infants were 55.4% and 13.7% respectively in Singapore,19 70.7% and 29.3% respectively in Southern Taiwan,20 61.3% and 28.4% respectively in Northern Taiwan,27 and 55.9% and 19.4% respectively in Turkey.28 In this study, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the risk of ROP development was significantly associated with low BW and presence of PDA. The association between PDA and risk of ROP development has been shown in previous studies.8 9 It has been postulated that persistent left-to-right shunt results in low systemic blood ...

RESULTS Low-birth-weight infants (,2.5 kg) showed a significantly earlier onset of diabetes (4.3 [3.2-6.0] years vs. 9.0 [5.3-11.8] years, median [25-75th percentile]; P , 0.0001). Infants small for gestational age also had earlier onset than those with birth weight above the 10th percentile after correction for gestational age (6.2 [3.6-10.5] vs. 9.2 [5.4-11.8] years; P , 0.0001). Infants with corrected birth weight: length ratio below the 10th percentile had earlier onset, as did infants with corrected 6-months weight below the 10th percentile (4.9 [2.8-6.0] years vs. 8.8 [5.2-11.8] years; P , 0.0001). Infants who were exclusively breast-fed for 6 months showed a slightly later onset of diabetes than those who were bottle- or mixed-fed, independent of weight (9.4 [5.0-11.3] years vs. 8.3 [4.2-11.7] years; P , 0.0001).. ...

The Beth Israel-Deaconess has recently been awarded one of 19 contracts from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to develop, implement and test a telemedicine application to support the care of Very Low Birth Weight Infants. This project is the only one to focus on the care of newborns. We believe that this project will provide a new national approach to managing the care of high-risk newborns by leveraging evolving communication technology ...

Health, ...TUESDAY Jan. 15 (HealthDay News) -- Low birth weight does not increas...Researchers looked at data on nearly 4000 children (193 low birth wei...Of the children with a low birth weight nearly 7 percent developed as...The study was published Jan. 15 in the journal Annals of Allergy A...,No,Link,Between,Low,Birth,Weight,,Asthma:,Study,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news

The multiple anomalies that can occur with EA/TEF have been described by an acronym, VATER or VACTRRL. This acronym stands for v ertebral defect, a norectal malformation, c ardiac defect, t racheoesophageal fistula, r enal anomaly, r adial dysplasia, and l imb defects. About 10% of children with EA have what is called the VATER syndrome. More infants with Type A esophageal atresia have multiple anomalies than those with Type B, the combined EA/TEF. Healthy infants who have no complications, such as heart or lung problems or other types of intestinal malformations, can usually have esophageal surgery within the first 24 hours of life. The operation will be delayed for low birth weight infants or those with complicated malformations, usually until their nutritional status can be improved and other problems resolved sufficiently to reduce the risks of surgery. H-type TEF, which has fewer symptoms and is typically diagnosed when the child is at least four months old, is also easier to repair when ...

Walmart Sponsor Ad]. Announcer: And by contributions to your PBS station from viewers like you. Thank you.. Tavis: So pleased to welcome Maria Shriver to this program. For more than a decade now, shes been on a mission to wipe out Alzheimers Disease which affects people from all walks of life, but disproportionately impacts women. Maria, an honor to have you on the program.. Maria Shriver: Thank you. Happy to be here.. Tavis: Tell me about the genesis of your work on this issue.. Shriver: Well, my father, Sargent Shriver, was diagnosed with Alzheimers in 2003 and he went, as I have said many times, the smartest human being Id ever met, the most finally tuned brain of any person Id ever seen. Everybody who knew him would agree with that.. So to watch that up close, to watch someone lose their mind, to lose their ability to know what a fork or a spoon or even who you are, its really an incredible experience to go through.. So I started as any journalist would, asking questions, trying to ...

What is the efficacy and safety of bioabsorbable miniplates as an alternative to autologous grafts in single-stage laryngotracheal reconstruction for subglottic stenosis? Background: Since the 1960s, the incidence of acquired subglottic stenosis has dramatically increased due to the improved survival of low birth weight infants and the increased use of long-term endotracheal intubation in neonates. The […]. ...

Kwashiorkor, Lactose Intolerance, Lay Health Advisor, Lead Poisoning, Legumes, Life Expectancy, Lipid Profile, Low Birth Weight Infant, Macrobiotic Diet, Malnutrition, etc…

Kwashiorkor, Lactose Intolerance, Lay Health Advisor, Lead Poisoning, Legumes, Life Expectancy, Lipid Profile, Low Birth Weight Infant, Macrobiotic Diet, Malnutrition, etc…

Welcome to the Naturecast Products Local Pages. Here you will find local resources about Anti Aging Hormones in Eunice, LA and some related products that may be of interest to you. For your convenience, we have also compiled a list of businesses and services around Eunice, including Vitamin and Nutritional Supplement Stores, Nutritionist, and Personal Trainers that should help with your search. Before you take a look at the local resources, please browse through our competitively priced products that you could order from the comfort of your own home.

Background and Hypothesis: Neonatal surgical procedures frequently occur at bedside in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) rather than in the operating room (OR). The goal of this study was to isolate risk factors for neonatal bowel resections occurring in the NICU, compare outcomes of bowel resections occurring both in the NICU and OR, and evaluate modifiable factors in both locations. Experimental Design or Project Methods: We reviewed 139 neonatal (,30 days old) patients at Riley Hospital for Children who underwent bowel resection in either the NICU or the OR from 2014-2018. Statistical analysis included bivariate, multivariable, and propensity score matching analyses. Results: When compared to neonates who had bowel resection in the OR, the NICU group had lower mean gestational age (EGA) at birth (26 vs 34 weeks, p=,0.0001), lower weight at surgery (72.7% NICU patients ,1000 grams vs 7.6% OR patients, p=,0.0001), and had the operative diagnosis of spontaneous intestinal perforation ...

The City of Eunice and Eunice Fire Department, and Eunice City Marshals Office will distribute free safety masks on Saturday, May 2, 2020.

Day laborers are protected by the law much less than other workers and often are subjected to severe exploitation. Some states recently passed legislation to address some of the worst abuses against these workers. In New Mexico and Illinois coalitions of advocates undertook broad-based campaigns to convince their state legislatures to strengthen civil and criminal penalties for underpayment of wages to day laborers and improper charges for services such as check cashing and transportation.. Download this article ...

Babies born weighing under 5 pounds, 8 ounces are considered to have a low birth weight, which carries a range of health risks, including a weakened immune system, reduced muscle strength, decreased cognitive and social development, and a higher incidence of diabetes and heart disease in later life ...

Researchers have identified another concern related to low birth weight - a difference in how the body reacts to drugs, which may last a persons entire life and further complicate treatment of illnesses or diseases that ...

Probably not a good idea to violate the law your husband signed.. Well Maria Shriver seems to have done just this - multiple times. When Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger heard that his wife was caught on camera by TMZ for holding her cell phone while driving, he wrote on his twitter feed Thank you for bringing her violations to my attention. Theres going to be swift action.. Yikes, sounds very Terminator-esque… But dont be alarmed, the governors spokesperson, Aaron McLear said that the swift action means hell ask his wife to not do this again. (Like we were really worried!). While Shriver hasnt been cited for her transgressions, California Highway Patrol has issued over 150,000 citations since the July 2008 law requiring California drivers to use handsfree devices while using cell phones when driving.. Schwarzenegger warned that if his 16-year-old daughter ever violeated the law shell be taking the bus. Maybe he should have discussed this option with his wife.. How embarrassing! ...

As a neonatologist there is much important pediatric literature that I do not follow. There is much that has relevance to what we do in the NICU, so much that no-one can keep up with it all. Many of us are involved in antenatal counseling, and we need to try and stay informed about the long…

As a neonatologist there is much important pediatric literature that I do not follow. There is much that has relevance to what we do in the NICU, so much that no-one can keep up with it all. Many of us are involved in antenatal counseling, and we need to try and stay informed about the long…

NIH Funding Opportunities and Notices in the NIH Guide for Grants and Contracts: NICHD Continuing Education Training Programs (T15) PAR-11-233. NICHD

Dr. Eunice Park, MD is committed to ensuring that its website is accessible to people with disabilities. All the pages on our website will meet W3C Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.0, Level AA conformance. Any issues should be reported to [email protected]. Link to Policy Page. ...

What actually classifies you as being a fit mom?? And is there any link to working out while pregnant and having a baby that weighs less but is still super healthy?

Science@NICHD is a Confluence wiki, which offers investigators and their staff the capability of editing and authoring their website content online. This website helps staff to share information with one another, helping people work better together and share information effortlessly.. Please contact Jeremy Swan with support requests, questions or concerns.. ...

I should be surprised by such a comment but then again the older I get Ive learned Im surprised by very little these days. Of interest to me were several factors in your comment one of which was youre being a mental health professional and the nature of your response to the issue. I often state there are doctors, good doctors and better doctors. And better doctors, in my opinion, not necessarily meaning one with all the pedigrees and peer accolades but one who is truly caring, attentive to the patient seated before him/her and able to have achieved some degree of wellness for the patient as well as what appeared to me to be a casual and brief remark which did not sit well with me ...

Developing countries population is said to be the youngest and fastest population in the world. It is estimated that by 2050, the population of developing nati