The main aim of the study is to examine the effect of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), an H2S donor, on the oxidative stress in human plasma in vitro. It also examined the effects of very high concentrations of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on the hemostatic parameters (coagulation and fibrinolytic activity) of human plasma. Plasma was incubated for 5–30 min with different concentrations of NaHS from 0.01 to 10 mM. Following this, lipid peroxidation was measured as a thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) concentration and the oxidation of amino acid residues in proteins was measured by determining the amounts of thiol groups and carbonyl groups. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the hydroxyl radical generating oxidation system (Fe/H2O2) were used as oxidative stress inducers. Hemostatic factors, such as the maximum velocity of clot formation, fibrin lysis half-time, the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and international normalized ratio (INR), were estimated. Changes

Please click your Back button to return to the previous Upgrade Page) Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Safety Program Background: Hydrogen sulfide presents a potential hazard to workers at the work site. It usually occurs as an unwanted by-product and can result in worker exposure in many different industries or occupations. To ensure protection against exposure to hydrogen sulfide, both workers and employers must be aware of its properties, how it affects the body and what to do in emergency situations. The Safety and Health Manager shall ensure that all personnel who will be working at the job site will be properly trained in Hydrogen sulfide awareness and contingency procedures. Occurrence of Hydrogen Sulfide: Hydrogen sulfide exposures usually occur during the drilling for or production of natural gas, crude oil and petroleum products. Hydrogen sulfide is also produced by the putrefication of organic matter and may accumulate in sewers, sewage treatment plants or hide storage pits in the tanning ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of Hydrogen Sulfide as a Gasotransmitter in Modulating Contractile Activity of Circular Muscle of Rat Jejunum. AU - Nagao, Munenori. AU - Duenes, Judith A.. AU - Sarr, Michael G.. PY - 2012/2. Y1 - 2012/2. N2 - Aim: Our aim was to determine mechanisms of action of the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H 2S) on contractile activity in circular muscle of rat jejunum. Methods: Jejunal circular muscle strips were prepared to measure isometric contractions. Effects of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a H 2S donor, were evaluated on spontaneous contractile activity and after pre-contraction with bethanechol. l-Cysteine was evaluated as an endogenous H 2S donor. We evaluated extrinsic nerves, enteric nervous system, visceral afferent nerves, nitric oxide, K + ATP and K + CA channels, and myosin light chain phosphatase on action of H 2S using non-adrenergic/non-cholinergic conditions, tetrodotoxin, capsaicin, l-N G-nitro arginine (l-NNA), glibenclamide, apamin, and calyculin A, ...

The discourse relative to the legal responsibility for using defective drywall and to the nature of the chemicals which emit the hydrogen sulfide will undoubtedly continue for a long time. However, the basic fact that hydrogen sulfide is toxic and exposure to it is harmful in not questioned. Therefore, it is incumbent on all the responsible parties to immediately stop the exposure of people to HYDROGEN SULFIDE to prevent recurring harm to their health and damage to their property.. The toxicity of hydrogen sulfide is manifested in two different mechanisms: A. HYDROGEN SULFIDE reacts with the iron in the blood and depletes it and thus can have negative impact on the respiratory function of the body and the transfer of oxygen. This effect is more dangerous when the exposed people are old, children or infants, pregnant woman and people with respiratory issues, and, B. Chronic exposure even to minute concentrations of HYDROGEN SULFIDE (and sulfur oxides) reduce the resistance of the lungs to viral ...

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) is hypothesized to have an important role in systemic inflammation. We investigated if endogenous H(2)S may be a crucial mediator in airway inflammation and airway remodeling in a rat model of asthma and if endogenous H(2)S may exert its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/NO pathway. Cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE; a H(2)S-synthesizing enzyme) was mainly expressed in airway and vascular smooth muscle cells in rat lung tissue. Levels of endogenous H(2)S was decreased in pulmonary tissue in ovalbumin (OVA)-treated rats. Exogenous administration of NaHS alleviated airway inflammation and airway remodeling: peak expiratory flow (PEF) increased, goblet cell hyperplasia and collagen deposition score decreased, with decreased total cells recovered from bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) and influx of eosinophils and neutrophils. The H(2)S levels of serum and lung tissue were positively correlated with PEF and negatively correlated ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hydrogen sulfide donor micelles protect cardiomyocytes from ischemic cell death. AU - Takatani-Nakase, T.. AU - Katayama, M.. AU - Matsui, C.. AU - Hanaoka, K.. AU - Van Der Vlies, A. J.. AU - Takahashi, K.. AU - Nakase, I.. AU - Hasegawa, U.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by JSPS KAKENHI (JP16H02612 for I. N.). The manuscript preparation was assisted by Kayo Hirano (Osaka Prefecture University).. PY - 2017. Y1 - 2017. N2 - Hydrogen sulfide, an important gaseous signaling molecule in the human body, is known to protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia, a condition characterized by insufficient oxygen supply to the cells. Here we show that a nanosized H2S donor micelle releases H2S intracellularly and prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis in an in vitro ischemia model.. AB - Hydrogen sulfide, an important gaseous signaling molecule in the human body, is known to protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia, a condition characterized by insufficient oxygen supply to the ...

Good-Rite® Sodium Hydrosulfide (NaSH) is a clear, aqueous solution that is used as a depilotory (de-hairing) agent in the tanning industry.

...Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) may play a wide-ranging role in staving off agi... H2S has been gaining increasing attention as an important endogenous ...Hydrogen sulfide is produced within the human body and has a variety ...The gene klotho which appears to be upregulated by hydrogen sulfide...,Hydrogen,sulfide:,The,next,anti-aging,agent?,biological,biology news articles,biology news today,latest biology news,current biology news,biology newsletters

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of hydrogen sulfide donors on intraocular pressure in rabbits. AU - Salvi, Ankita. AU - Bankhele, Pratik. AU - Jamil, Jamal. AU - Chitnis, Madhura Kulkarni. AU - Njie-Mbye, Ya Fatou. AU - Ohia, Sunny E.. AU - Opere, Catherine A.. N1 - Funding Information: The project described was supported by Grant Number G20RR024001 from the National Center for Research Resources. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Center for Research Resources or the National Institutes of Health. This project was also supported by Grant Number 1R15EY022215-01 from the National Institute of Health, National Eye Institute. Publisher Copyright: © Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.. PY - 2016/7/1. Y1 - 2016/7/1. N2 - Purpose: In this study, we investigated the effect of a slow-releasing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) donor, GYY 4137, on intraocular pressure (IOP) in normotensive rabbits. Furthermore, we compared the IOP-lowering action ...

The possible role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in cardioprotection was investigated in isolated rat ventricular myocytes exposed to severe metabolic inhibition (MI) in glucose-free buffer containing 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DOG), an inhibitor of glycolysis. Pretreatment (30:min) with NaHS (a H 2S donor) at concentrations of 10-5 to 10-4 mol/L caused a concentration related increase in cell viability and the ratio of rod-shaped cells. A time course study showed that NaHS-induced cardioprotection occurred in 2 time windows (~1:h and 16-28:h). To observe whether endogenous H2S may be involved in the delayed cardioprotection response of IP, DL-propargylglycine (PAG) and β-cyano-L-alanine (BCA; two inhibitors of H2S biosynthesis) were used. Both drugs significantly attenuated the cardioprotection produced by MI using cell viability, cellular injury index, and electrically-induced [Ca2+]i transients as end-points. These data suggest that endogenous H2S plays an important role in the cardioprotection ...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the third endogenous gaseous signaling molecule alongside nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide, is synthesized by multiple enzymes in cardiovascular system. Similar to other gaseous mediators, H2S has demonstrated a variety of biological activities, including anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, pro-angiogenic, vasodilating capacities and endothelial NO synthase modulating activity, and regulates a wide range of pathophysiological processes in cardiovascular disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms by which H2S mediates cardiovascular homeostasis are not fully understood. This review focuses on the recent progress on functional and mechanistic aspects of H2S in the inflammatory and immunoregulatory processes of cardiovascular disorders, importantly myocardial ischemia, heart failure, and atherosclerosis. Moreover, we highlight the challenges for developing H2S-based therapy to modulate the pathological processes in cardiovascular diseases. A better understanding of the

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter in human physiology and inflammatory disease, however, with limited knowledge of how signal transduction pathways are involved in immune cells. To examine the effects of sulfide on relevant intracellular signaling in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), we stimulated healthy donor PBMCs with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, 1-1000 μM) to mimic H2S stimulation, and analyzed phosphorylation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) (pT180/pY182), NF-κB p65 (pS529), Akt (pS473) and CREB/ATF1 (pS133/pS63) with flow and mass cytometry. In contrast to transient effects in subsets of lymphocytes, classical monocytes demonstrated sustained phosphorylation of p38, Akt and CREB/ATF1. NaHS induced calcium dependent phosphorylation of p38, Akt and CREB, but not NF-κB, and the phosphorylation of Akt was partly dependent on p38, indicative of p38-Akt crosstalk. Attenuation of these effects by molecules targeting p38 and Hsp90 indicated ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - 8-Mercapto-Cyclic GMP Mediates Hydrogen Sulfide-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis. AU - Honda, Kenji. AU - Yamada, Naotaka. AU - Yoshida, Riichiro. AU - Ihara, Hideshi. AU - Sawa, Tomohiro. AU - Akaike, Takaaki. AU - Iwai, Sumio. PY - 2015/1/1. Y1 - 2015/1/1. N2 - Plants are exposed to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) both exogenously, as it exists as a pollutant gas in the environment, and endogenously, as it is synthesized in cells. H2S has recently been found to function as a gaseous signaling molecule, but its signaling cascade remains unknown. Here, we examined H2S-mediated guard cell signaling in Arabidopsis. The H2S donor GYY4137 (morpholin-4-ium-4-methoxyphenyl [morpholino] phosphinodithioate) induced stomatal closure, which peaked after 150 min at 1 μM or after 90 min at 10 and 100 μM. After reaching maximal closure, stomatal apertures gradually increased in size in response to further exposure to GYY4137. GYY4137 induced nitric oxide (NO) generation in guard cells, and ...

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Fast production decline is a well-known negative phenomenon after some hydraulic fracturing jobs. Reasonably, it is usually attributed to the fracture and reservoir parameters. One of the potential fracture parameters that might contribute to the production decline is conductivity of the proppant pack; this conductivity can be damaged by poor proppant condition. In this study, we investigate the influence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on the proppant conditions and performance.. The experimental study assessed the influence of H2S on proppant properties. The study analyzed not only the crush strength and sieve size alterations after exposure of proppant to high H2S content, but also the changes in proppant pack conductivity. Because the proppant pack conductivity is directly related to fluid flow within the fracture, this parameter should be considered as a key parameter for estimation of H2S influence on proppant pack performance.. According to test results, no significant influence of the H2S was ...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is synthesized by 2 enzymes, cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE). L-Cysteine (L-Cys) acts as a natural substrate for the synthesis of H2S. Human penile tissue possesses both CBS and CSE, and tissue homogenates efficiently convert L-Cys to H2S. CBS and CSE are localized in the muscular trabeculae and the smooth-muscle component of the penile artery, whereas CSE but not CBS is also expressed in peripheral nerves. Exogenous H2S [sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS)] or L-Cys causes a concentration-dependent relaxation of strips of human corpus cavernosum. L-Cys relaxation is inhibited by the CBS inhibitor, aminoxyacetic acid (AOAA). Electrical field stimulation of human penile tissue, under resting conditions, causes an increase in tension that is significantly potentiated by either propargylglycine (PAG; CSE inhibitor) or AOAA. In rats, NaHS and L-Cys promote penile erection, and the response to L-Cys is blocked by PAG. Our data demonstrate that ...

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A diverse range of effects of the intestinal microbiota on mucosal defence and injury has become increasingly clear over the past decade. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as an important mediator of many physiological functions, including gastrointestinal mucosal defence and repair. Hydrogen sulfide is produced gastrointestinal tract tissues and by bacteria residing within the gut, and can influence the function of a wide range of cells. The microbiota also appears to be an important target of hydrogen sulfide. H2S donors can modify the gut microbiota and the gastrointestinal epithelium is a major site of oxidation of microbial-derived H2S. When administered together with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, H2S can prevent some of the dysbiosis those drugs induce, possibly contributing to the observed prevention of gastrointestinal damage. Exogenous H2S can also markedly reduce the severity of experimental colitis and plays important roles in modulating epithelial cell-mucus-bacterial ...

Background: Monocyte signaling is a dominant and important mediator of arteriogenesis activity and monocyte-signaling responses can be severely impaired during arteriogenesis in various vascular disorders. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced by cystathionine-γ lyase (CSE), and a potential gasotransmitter that has many positive cardiovascular effects including regulation of monocyte functions. However, molecular mechanisms of monocyte specific H2S regulation of arteriogenesis remain completely unknown.. Hypothesis: Monocyte specific H2S production modulates arteriogenesis during hind limb ischemia via a CSE/H2S/IL-16/bFGF dependent pathway.. Methods: Unilateral hind limb ischemia was induced in WT and CSE-/- mice. Mice were then randomly assigned into 4 groups (8 mice, each group); WT PBS, WT DATS (a hydrogen sulfide donor, 200 μg/kg bid., IV until day 21), CSE-/- PBS, CSE-/- DATS. Monocyte expression and activity of CSE and H2S levels was determined in ischemic conditions both in vitro and in ...

A water heater can provide an ideal environment for the conversion of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide gas. The water heater can produce hydrogen sulfide gas in two ways - creating a warm environment where sulfur bacteria can live, and sustaining a reaction between sulfate in the water and the water heater anode. A water heater usually contains a metal rod called an anode, which is installed to reduce corrosion of the water heater tank. The anode is usually made of magnesium metal, which can supply electrons that aid in the conversion of sulfate to hydrogen sulfide gas. The anode is 1/2 to 3/4 inches in diameter and 30 to 40 inches long. ...

Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic and flammable gas. Being heavier than air, it tends to accumulate at the bottom of poorly ventilated spaces. Although very pungent at first, it quickly deadens the sense of smell, so potential victims may be unaware of its presence until it is too late.. Hydrogen sulfide is considered a broad-spectrum poison, meaning that it can poison several different systems in the body, although the nervous system is most affected. The toxicity of H2S is comparable with that of hydrogen cyanide. It forms a complex bond with iron in the mitochondrial cytochrome enzymes, thereby blocking oxygen from binding and stopping cellular respiration. Since hydrogen sulfide occurs naturally in the environment and the gut, enzymes exist in the body capable of detoxifying it by oxidation to (harmless) sulfate.[6] Hence, low levels of sulfide may be tolerated indefinitely. However, at some threshold level, the oxidative enzymes will be overwhelmed. This threshold level is believed to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Interaction of methylglyoxal and hydrogen sulfide in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. AU - Chang, Tuanjie. AU - Untereiner, Ashley. AU - Liu, Jianghai. AU - Wu, Lingyun. PY - 2010/5/1. Y1 - 2010/5/1. N2 - Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter with multifaceted physiological functions, including the regulation of glucose metabolism. Methylglyoxal (MG) is an intermediate of glucose metabolism and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance syndromes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of MG on H2S synthesis and the interaction between these two endogenous substances. In cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), MG (10, 30, and 50μM) significantly decreased cellular H2S levels in a concentration-dependent manner, while H 2S donor, NaHS (30, 60, and 90μM), significantly decreased cellular MG levels. The expression level and activity of H2S- producing enzyme, cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), were significantly decreased by MG treatment. ...

Chapter 3 What Causes Hydrogen Sulfide Corrosion? • Mechanism of Sulfide Corrosion Hydrogen sulfide corrosion can occur by two mechanisms: 1) acid attack resulting from the biological conversion of hydrogen sulfide gas to sulfuric acid in the presence of moisture, and 2) direct chemical reaction with metals such as copper, iron … ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hydrogen sulfide is a partially redox-independent activator of the human jejunum Na+ channel, NAv1.5. AU - Strege, Peter R.. AU - Bernard, Cheryl E.. AU - Kraichely, Robert E.. AU - Mazzone, Amelia. AU - Sha, Lei. AU - Beyder, Arthur. AU - Gibbons, Simon J.. AU - Linden, David R.. AU - Kendrick, Michael L.. AU - Sarr, Michael G.. AU - Szurszewski, Joseph H.. AU - Farrugia, Gianrico. PY - 2011/6/1. Y1 - 2011/6/1. N2 - Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is produced endogenously by L-cysteine metabolism. H2S modulates several ion channels with an unclear mechanism of action. A possible mechanism is through reduction-oxidation reactions attributable to the redox potential of the sulfur moiety. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of the H2S donor NaHS on Nav1.5, a voltage-dependent sodium channel expressed in the gastrointestinal tract in human jejunum smooth muscle cells and interstitial cells of Cajal, and to elucidate whether H2S acts on Nav1.5 by redox reactions. Whole cell ...

Hydrogen sulphide or H2S is responsible for the characteristic sulphur smell of Rotorua.. There has long been medical and scientific debate about the health impacts of H2S gas in the workplace and residential areas, and this study is the largest ever of associations between ambient H2S and respiratory health. Concentrations of toxic hydrogen sulphide gas can be produced in factories as a by-product of industrial processes, as well as naturally in volcanic and geothermal regions like Rotorua.. The five year study examined a variety of health effects, including asthma, amongst over 1600 adult Rotorua residents. With a population of nearly 60,000, Rotorua is the largest centre anywhere with long term exposure to hydrogen sulphide and is recognised as an ideal place to research the health effects of H2S.. Exposure to H2S was estimated from measurements taken around Rotorua in summer and winter, and then each persons exposure was estimated from where they lived and worked. H2S exposure was divided ...

The specific rates of absorption of hydrogen sulfide in aqueous solutions of iodides, containing dissolved iodine, were measured in a 55 mm i.d. stirred cell, with batch and semi-batch modes of operation. The specific rates of absorption exceeded the rates that may be realised in the instantaneous reaction regime by factors as high as 8. This effect appears to be due to the precipitating (product) colloidal sulfur transporting dissolved hydrogen sulfide, through strong interaction, from near the gas-liquid interface into the bulk liquid. The relative values of the enhancement factor due to precipitated sulfur decrease with an increase in the concentration of dissolved iodine. A two-parameter model, incorporating the uptake of hydrogen sulfide by sulfur and the agglomeration of sulfur particles, has been developed which provides a reasonable framework to correlate the experimental data. ...

Hydrogen sulfide is an extremely dangerous gas that naturally occurs in and around oil and natural gas wells. Removing it from the wellhead is essential to the safety of workers around the jobsite.. Arclin has engineered a triazine-based hydrogen sulfide scavenger that interacts with hydrogen sulfide gases to form a nonvolatile compound that can be removed from the job site safely and easily. And Arclins H2S scavenger contains no measurable free formaldehyde.. ...

S-Propargyl-Cysteine, a Novel Hydrogen Sulfide Donor, Inhibits Inflammatory Hepcidin and Relieves Anemia of Inflammation by Inhibiting IL-6-STAT3 Pathway. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

The report presented here provides a detailed and an accurate account of each aspect of the global Liquid Sodium Hydrosulfide market to help players to better face market challenges and gain a competitive edge over other market participants.

UAB Public Health Specialist, Dr. Lisa McCormick said the vapors from sodium hydrosulfide can be toxic and irritating to your respiratory system and can cause burns to your skin and eyes.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hydrogen sulfide anion regulates redox signaling via electrophile sulfhydration. AU - Nishida, Motohiro. AU - Sawa, Tomohiro. AU - Kitajima, Naoyuki. AU - Ono, Katsuhiko. AU - Inoue, Hirofumi. AU - Ihara, Hideshi. AU - Motohashi, Hozumi. AU - Yamamoto, Masayuki. AU - Suematsu, Makoto. AU - Kurose, Hitoshi. AU - Van Der Vliet, Albert. AU - Freeman, Bruce A.. AU - Shibata, Takahiro. AU - Uchida, Koji. AU - Kumagai, Yoshito. AU - Akaike, Takaaki. N1 - Funding Information: We thank J.B. Gandy for her editing of the manuscript. Thanks are also due to T. Okamoto, S. Fujii, Md. M. Rahaman, S. Khan, K.A. Ahmed, J. Yoshitake, T. Matsunaga, M.H.A. Rahman, J. Sakamoto, J. Minkyung, K. Hara, M. Goto, F. Sohma, K. Taguchi, T. Miura, T. Toyama, Y. Shinkai, I. Ishii and M. Toyataka for technical assistance; S. Kasamatsu, T. Ida and K. Kunieda for 8-nitro-cGMP preparation; Y. Kawai for technical assistance with LC/MS/MS experiments; H. Arimoto for helpful discussion; and J. Wu for reading our ...

In a new study, the reseachers, including Raj Kishore, PhD, are the first to show in diabetic animals that induced hydrogen sulfide production in bone marrow stem cells can effectively repair vessel tone and limb circulation.

299548993 - EP 0731068 B1 2001-05-23 - Process for binding ammonia and/or hydrogen sulphide in manure - [origin: EP0731068A2] Binding ammonia and/or hydrogen sulphide in liquids, esp. farmyard slurry, comprises mixing with a solid or liq. additive (A) contg. at least two carboxylic acids. Also claimed are: (A); and the NH3 and/or H2S-contg. liq. which also contains carboxylic acids from the addn. of (A). Pref. the compsn. contains at least one Fe cpd. (esp. FeSO4) and at least one 1-6C (esp. 4-6C) aliphatic mono- or di- carboxylic acid. The wt. ratio of carboxylic acids to Fe cpd. is 15:1 to 1:15. The amt. added is sufficient to lower the pH of the liq. by at least 0.2.[origin: EP0731068A2] Binding ammonia and/or hydrogen sulphide in liquids, esp. farmyard slurry, comprises mixing with a solid or liq. additive (A) contg. at least two carboxylic acids. Also claimed are: (A); and the NH3 and/or H2S-contg. liq. which also contains carboxylic acids from the addn. of (A). Pref. the compsn. contains at least

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is protective in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R). However, venous injection of NaHS and local injection of adenovirus with cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) plasmids was used to increase H2S concentration presented low-efficiency and side-eff...

Hydrogen sulfide (or hydrogen sulphide) is the chemical compound with the formula H2S. This colorless, toxic and flammable gas is partially responsible for the foul odor of rotten eggs and flatulence. It often results from the bacterial break down of sulfates in organic matter in the absence of oxygen, such as in swamps and sewers (anaerobic digestion). It also occurs in volcanic gases, natural gas and some well waters. The odor of H2S is commonly misattributed to elemental sulfur, which is in fact odorless. Hydrogen sulfide has numerous names, some of which are archaic ...

The changes in neurotransmitters biosynthesis in the cerebrum of Coq9R239X mice are not limited to the reduction in L‐glutamate but also to the biosynthesis of serotonin and catecholamines. These alterations might be a consequence of the disruption in hydrogen sulfide metabolism because a dose‐dependent and time‐dependent decrease in glutamate levels and increase in serotonin levels have been described in the cerebrum and frontal cortex of rats chronically exposed to 20 ppm and 75 ppm of hydrogen sulfide (Skrajny et al, 1992; Roth et al, 1995). The same authors reported a decrease in the levels of norepinephrine with the exposure to 20 ppm of hydrogen sulfide and an increase in those levels with the exposure to 75 ppm of hydrogen sulfide (Skrajny et al, 1992). Norepinephrine and epinephrine levels were, however, decreased in isolated porcine iris‐ciliary body exposed to increased concentrations of NaSH, which is a commonly used hydrogen sulfide donor (Kulkarni et al, 2009). The changes ...

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Purpose: Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter that has vasodilatory properties. It may be a novel therapy for intestinal I/R. We hypothesized that: 1) H2S would improve post-ischemic survival, mesenteric perfusion, mucosal injury, and inflammation compared to vehicle, and 2) the benefits of H2S would be mediated through endothelial nitric oxide. Methods: C57Bl6J wild type (WT) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase knock out (eNOS KO) mice were anesthetized and a midline laparotomy performed. Intestines were eviscerated, the small bowel mesenteric root identified, and baseline intestinal perfusion determined using Laser Doppler. Intestinal ischemia was established by temporarily occluding the superior mesenteric artery. Following ischemia, the clamp was removed and the intestines were allowed to recover. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) in 250µl of PBS or the vehicle was injected into the peritoneum. Animals were allowed to recover and were assessed for survival, mesenteric ...

This newly developed program meets the academic training requirements for those persons who work in an area with potential hydrogen sulfide exposures. Program explains new TLV and other important safety rules relating to hydrogen sulfide.

Abstract: 本文旨在观察外源性硫化氢(hydrogen sulfide,H2S)供体NaHS预处理对大鼠胃缺血再灌注(gastric ischemia-reperfusion,GI-R)损伤的影响及其可能的作用机制。实验分5组:假手术(sham)组、GI-R组、NaHS组、格列苯脲(glibenclamide)组和吡那地尔(pinacidil)组。采用夹闭雄性Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠腹腔动脉30min再灌注1h,建立GI-R损伤模型。采用Adobe ...

Aims: To investigate the role of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in the control of aging and healthspan of Caenorhabditis elegans. Results: We show that the model organism, C. elegans, synthesizes H2S. Three H2S-synthesizing enzymes are present in C. elegans, namely cystathionine γ lyase (CSE), cystathionine β synthetase, and 3-mercaptopyruvate transferase (MPST or 3-MST). Genetic deficiency of mpst-1 (3-MST orthologue 1), but not cth-2 (CSE orthologue), reduced the lifespan of C. elegans. This effect was reversed by a pharmacological H2S donor (GYY4137). GYY4137 also reduced detrimental age-dependent changes in a range of physiological indices, including pharyngeal contraction and defecation. Treatment of C. elegans with GYY4137 increased the expression of several age-related, stress response, and antioxidant genes, whereas MitoSOX Red fluorescence, indicative of reactive oxygen species generation, was increased in mpst-1 knockouts and decreased by GYY4137 treatment. GYY4137 additionally ...

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Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is high in CKD patients. Nitric oxide (NO) deficiency plays a crucial role in progression of CKD. This leads to endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and inflammation. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) could serve as a backup mechanism for NO deficiency in CKD. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a derivate of cysteine and this is the main substrate for H2S production. Therefore, NAC should enable us to stimulate H2S production in humans. Our objective is to investigate the effect of NAC on plasma H2S levels and on markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction in healthy volunteers, CKD patients, and dialysis patients. We hypothesize that there is an increase in H2S levels after treatment with NAC ...

We previously reported that the endogenous cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE)/hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S) pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats, but the exact cellular mechanisms are not well characterized. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in alveolar epithelial cells, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. We studied whether H(2)S could attenuate EMT in cultured alveolar epithelial cells and TGF-beta 1 treatment suppressed CSE expression in A549 cells. Inhibition of endogenous CSE by DL-propargylglycine led to spontaneous EMT, as manifested by decreased E-cadherin level, increased vimentin expression and fibroblast-like morphologic features. Exogenous H(2)S applied to TGF-beta 1-treated A549 cells decreased vimentin expression, increased E-cadherin level and retained epithelial morphologic features. In addition, preincubation with H(2)S decreased Smad2/3 ...

Hydrogen Sulfide Gas. Describe H 2 S gas and where it is found:. Hydrogen Sulfide is a highly toxic gas often associated with operations involving decomposing organic material (rotting plant and animal tissues). Slideshow 6763227 by socorro-xovi

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hydrogen sulphide induces angiogenesis. AU - Pyriochou, Anastasia. AU - Marazioti, Antonia. AU - Szabo, Csaba. AU - Papapetropoulos, Andreas. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is emerging as an important signalling molecule in the cardiovascular and neuronal systems. Although H2S is known to relax vascular smooth muscle leading to a reduction in blood pressure, the role of this gaseous mediator in other aspects of the biology of vascular cells remains largely unexplored. In order to study the effects of H2S on neovascularisation, we have utilised an aqueous formulation of H2S. Incubation of endothelial cells (EC) with H2S enhanced their angiogenic potential as it promoted cell growth, migration and capillary morphogenesis on matrigel. In line with the in vitro observations, treatment of chicken chorioallantoic membranes (CAM) with H2S increased vascular length. Morever, exposure of EC to H2S resulted in increased phosphorylation of kinases linked to angiogenic ...

Appearing during the first three hours, Prof. Peter Ward, the author of Under a Green Sky, discussed his latest work on hydrogen sulfide extinctions, and how we are creating the circumstances for extinctions in the future. His research has connected past mass extinctions and global warming. Greenhouse gases and the melting of the ice-caps could create a dangerous situation where the ocean currents stop circulating. The stagnation of the oceans waters would lead to the thriving of a type of bacteria that produces hydrogen sulfide. Killing off life in the ocean and sending toxic gases into the atmosphere, hydrogen sulfide could actually turn the sky green, he noted. The coast off of Namibia is a hydrogen sulfide hot spot and the eruptions can be seen in this NASA satellite photo. Curiously, it has been found that hydrogen sulfide can have startling medical benefits, putting injured people into a kind of suspended animation until they can be treated. For more on hydrogen sul

This paper discusses hydrogen sulfide limits for various states that have recently updated their limits or whose limits demonstrate a distinction between health and odor-based limits. Odor discussions often focus on hydrogen sulfide because it has a low odor threshold and it is easily detected and recognized. There is a widely held public opinion that if odors are apparent, whether from wastewater processes, landfill gas emissions, or other sources, that these odors are a health concern. The differences between health and welfare/nuisance concerns and how emission limits are established is presented. Although some states base their emission limits on health concerns and some base the limits on welfare concerns, from the publics perspective both types of limits are often considered to be health-based ...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a well-known poisonous gas, has been recognized as a critical endogenous gas transmitter in the past decade. To provide a quick and efficient detection method for hydrogen sulfide, a novel fluorescent probe DCI-NCN was designed based on an isophoronitrile scaffold featured with the cyanoxy g

The generation of endogenous hydrogen sulphide may either limit or contribute to the degree of tissue injury caused by ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Here, we have attempted to characterise the endogenous hydrogen sulphide synthesis pathway and the effects of sodium hydrosulphide, a hydrogen sulphide donor, in a mouse model of renal ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Anaesthetised male C57/b mice weighing 20-25 g were divided into two groups; (i) Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury, in which mice were subjected to bilateral renal ischaemia performed by clamping the renal pedicles for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 24 h, (ii) Sham, in which mice were subjected to the same surgical procedures as above, except for renal ischaemia/reperfusion. Western blot analysis of the kidney taken at the end of the experiment demonstrated that cystathionine gamma-lyase, the enzyme responsible for generating hydrogen sulphide in the cardiovascular system, is expressed in the normal kidney and is significantly ...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) occurs naturally in crude petroleum, natural gas, volcanic gases, and hot springs. It can also result from bacterial breakdown of organic matter. It is also produced by human and animal wastes. Bacteria found in your mouth and gastrointestinal tract produce hydrogen sulfide from bacteria decomposing materials that contain vegetable or animal proteins. Hydrogen sulfide can also result from industrial activities, such as food processing, coke ovens, kraft paper mills, tanneries, and petroleum refineries. Hydrogen sulfide is a flammable, colorless gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is commonly known as hydrosulfuric acid, sewer gas, and stink damp. People can smell it at low levels.

Although previous studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) stimulated or inhibited osteoclastic differentiation, little is known about the effects of H2S on the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. To determine the possible bioactivities of H2S on bone metabolism, we investigated the in vitro effects of H2S on cytotoxicity, osteoblastic, and osteoclastic differentiation as well as the underlying mechanism in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and nicotine-stimulated human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). The H2S donor, NaHS, protected hPDLCs from nicotine and LPS-induced cytotoxicity and recovered nicotine- and LPS-downregulated osteoblastic differentiation, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, mRNA expression of osteoblasts, including ALP, osteopontin (OPN), and osteocalcin (OCN), and mineralized nodule formation. Concomitantly, NaHS inhibited the differentiation of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclasts in mouse bone marrow cells and blocked ...

Hydrogen sulfide occurs naturally and is also produced by human activities. Just a few breaths of air containing high levels of hydrogen sulfide gas can cause death. Lower, longer-term exposure can cause eye irritation, headache, and fatigue. This substance has been found in at least 24 of the 1,467 National Priorities List sites identified by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

Because hydrogen sulfide is such a common contaminant in methane, natural gas processors could potentially use this method in the sweetening process, reducing their energy use and saving money on the cost of sorbent materials, said Phillip Koech, lead author and senior research scientist.. In the new work, Koech and colleagues tested how well they could swing hydrogen sulfide through a series of processing liquids without using water or heat. They began with a substance known as a recyclable binding organic liquid that could hold onto hydrogen sulfide without the addition of water. First, they dissolved hydrogen sulfide in several different recyclable binding organic liquids and found that nearly all of them could hold the chemical without added water. They found one -- DMEA -- that could hold the most hydrogen sulfide. A chemical analysis suggested that hydrogen sulfide forms a salt with DMEA, turning the DMEA from an oily liquid into something more like salty water, but not water at ...

Hypoxia, anoxia and free hydrogen sulphide in the water column are characteristic of the inner shelf coastal upwelling system off central Namibia. Biogeochemical monitoring of the diatomaceous sediments along the central coast over a 3-year period, coupled with acoustic studies and ROV video coverage, indicated a major role played by the seafloor in the generation and control of H2S into the water column. We determined the sedimentary processes resulting in the generation and dispersal of hydrogen sulphide, and its effect on some of the locally important fishes and invertebrates.. Marked interannual variability with no obvious seasonal trends was apparent in methane contents of sediments even over the short three-year period, whilst sulphate reduction rates in the sediment showed little change. The large sulphur bacteria Thiomargarita namibiensis and Beggiatoa spp. form dense mats over extensive areas of mud and oxidize sulphide at the sediment-water interface, thereby regulating its flux into ...

The study aimed to examine the protective effect of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on high-salt-induced oxidative stress and myocardial hypertrophy in salt-sensitive (Dahl) rats. Thirty male Dahl rats and 40 SD rats were included in the study. They were randomly divided into Dahl control (Dahl + NS), Dahl high salt (Dahl + HS), Dahl + HS + NaHS, SD + NS, SD + HS, SD + HS + NaHS, and SD + HS + hydroxylamine (HA). Rats in Dahl + NS and SD + NS groups were given chow with 0.5% NaCl and 0.9% normal saline intraperitoneally daily. Myocardial structure, α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC) and β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC) expressions were determined. Endogenous myocardial H2S pathway and oxidative stress in myocardial tissues were tested. Myocardial H2S pathway was downregulated with myocardial hypertrophy featured by increased heart weight/body weight and cardiomyocytes cross-sectional area, decreased α-MHC and increased β-MHC expressions in Dahl rats with high-salt diet (all P P P 2S reduced myocardial hypertrophy

Hydrogen sulfide baths are usually used in the form of classical baths, half-baths, irrigation, inhalations, ascending shower. Before taking such baths, it is necessary to consult a qualified doctor who will determine what type of balneotherapy and what concentration of hydrogen sulfide you need. Throughout the course of therapy it is necessary to refuse from alcohol intake, smoking, not to overeat, not to allow stress. Taking baths follows out food and active activities. If during balneotherapy you feel unwell, dizzy, nauseous, stop taking the bath immediately and ventilate the room. Contact a specialist and he will give you another dosage of hydrogen sulfide. To date, there is the opportunity to take sulfide baths at home. To do this, it is enough to buy a special drug in the pharmacy and, after consulting a doctor, dilute it in the right proportion. When specifying the course of treatment with Matsestas waters, the concentration of hydrogen sulfide is indicated. For reception of the general ...

An electron microscope image shows carbon black nanoparticles modified by adding polyvinyl alcohol for downhole detection of hydrogen sulfide in oil and gas wells. The nanoreporters were created at Rice University. (Credit: Tour Group/Rice University). Scientists at Rice University have created a nanoscale detector that checks for and reports on the presence of hydrogen sulfide in crude oil and natural gas while theyre still in the ground. The nanoreporter is based on nanometer-sized carbon material developed by a consortium of Rice labs led by chemist James Tour. Limited exposure to hydrogen sulfide causes sore throats, shortness of breath and dizziness, according to the researchers. The human nose quickly becomes desensitized to hydrogen sulfide, leading to an inability to detect higher concentrations. That can be fatal, they said. On the flip side, hydrogen sulfide is also a biologically important signaling molecule in processes that include pain and inflammation. Tour said chemists have ...

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T-type Ca2+ channels are a distinct family of low voltage-activated Ca2+ channels which serve many roles in different tissues. Several studies have implicated them, for example, in the adaptive responses to chronic hypoxia in the cardiovascular and endocrine systems. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was more recently discovered as an important signalling molecule involved in many functions, including O2 sensing. Since ion channels are emerging as an important family of target proteins for modulation by H2S, and both T-type Ca2+ channels and H2S are involved in cellular responses to hypoxia, we have investigated whether recombinant and native T-type Ca2+ channels are a target for modulation by H2S. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we demonstrate that the H2S donor, NaHS, selectively inhibits Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels heterologously expressed in HEK293 cells, whilst Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 channels were unaffected. Sensitivity of Cav3.2 channels to H2S required the presence of the redox-sensitive ...

Scientists from the Max Planck Institute have shown how sunken wood can develop into attractive habitats for a variety of microorganisms and invertebrates due to the activity of bacteria, which produce hydrogen sulfide during wood degradation.. Trees do not grow in the deep sea, nevertheless sunken pieces of wood can develop into oases for deep-sea life - at least temporarily until the wood is fully degraded. A team of Max Planck researchers from Germany now showed how sunken wood can develop into attractive habitats for a variety of microorganisms and invertebrates. By using underwater robot technology, they confirmed their hypothesis that animals from hot and cold seeps would be attracted to the wood due to the activity of bacteria, which produce hydrogen sulfide during wood degradation.. Many of the animals thriving at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps require special forms of energy such as methane and hydrogen sulfide emerging from the ocean floor. They carry bacterial symbionts in their ...

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Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Hongzhu Li, Chao Zhang, Weiming Sun, Lina Li, Bo Wu, Shuzhi Bai, Hongxia Li, Xin Zhong, Rui Wang, Lingyun Wu, Changqing Xu].

Ammonium sulfide (also called diammonium sulfide, ammonium monosulfide, true ammonium sulfide) is a yellow crystalline solid, usually in a water solution, with the molecular formula H8N2S. It has a very strong rotten egg and ammonia odor. Ammonium sulphide is produced from the reaction of hydrogen sulfide with excess amounts of ammonia.. Ammonium sulfide is used in photographic developing, to apply patina to bronze, in textile manufacturing, and in trace metal analysis. Also, owing to its offensive smell, it is the active ingredient in a variety of foul pranks including the common stink bomb.. Additional applications of this compound include cell culture, organic chemical synthesis, and immunohistochemistry.. Aqueous ammonium sulfide is used for the thiolysis of activated amides to their corresponding thioamides, as an alternative to hydrogen sulfide. Also it is used to produce various flavor compounds from the reaction of ammonium sulfide with 3-hydroxy-2-butanone.. Ammonium sulfide can be ...

Before the rise in atmospheric oxygen (O2) levels ∼800 million years ago, oceans were euxinic; that is, both anoxic and sulfidic. The rise in O2 was associated with an increased abundance of cyanobacteria and plants that are thought to have eliminated sulphide, which was an abundant energy source (Olson and Straub, 2016). Eventually, organisms adapted mechanisms that used O2 to harvest energy and support cellular processes. However, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) still retained an important role in cellular function, serving as an important signaling molecule. Indeed, the pathway for H2S regulation is highly conserved across modern taxa (Olson and Straub, 2016).. Modern environments that have high H2S levels are primarily limited to deep-sea hydrothermal vents (Olson and Straub, 2016), where levels can be 3-110 mmol kg−1. Cold seeps and freshwater springs and caves fed by H2S-enriched groundwater have been found with levels of H2S up to 1200 µM (Tobler et al., 2011). These habitats are ...

Arecoline is a major alkaloid of areca nut and has been effect on central nervous system. Although arecoline-induced neurotoxicity has been reported, the possible underlying neurotoxic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Increasing evidences have shown that both excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and disturbance of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production are involved in the pathophysiology of numerous neurodegenerative diseases. Here, the purpose of present study was to verify whether ER stress and the disturbance of endogenous H2S generation are also involved in arecoline-caused neurotoxicity. We found that treatment of PC12 cells with arecoline induced the down-regulation of cells viability and up-regulation of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3, indicating the neurotoxic role of arecoline to PC12 cells. In addition, arecoline also increased the expression of Bax (pro-apoptotic protein) and attenuated the expression of Bcl-2 (anti-apoptotic protein) in PC12 cells. Simultaneously,

Product number: NCM0140. Lysine Iron Agar is used for the differentiation of microorganisms on the basis of lysine decarboxylase and hydrogen sulfide production. Lysine Iron Agar is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions in humans.. Lysine Iron Agar is prepared according to the formulation of Edwards and Fife, who developed the medium to detect Salmonella arizonae. S. arizonae ferments lactose rapidly, and the authors found expected H2S production on Triple Sugar Iron Agar was suppressed. Detection of S. arizonae is important because it has been implicated in food borne infections. By eliminating lactose and incorporating lysine, Edwards and Fife devised a medium differentiating enteric bacilli based on their ability to decarboxylate or deaminate lysine and produce abundant hydrogen sulfide. This medium is recommended for detecting rapid lactose-fermenting S. arizonae.. ...

Hydrogen sulfide (H,sub,2,/sub,S), a malodorous gas with the characteristic odor of rotten eggs, has been recognized as an important endogenous gaseous signaling molecule of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and nervous systems. Besides acting as a potent vasodilator and an atypical neuromodulator, H,sub,2,/sub,S is increasingly being established as a novel mediator of inflammation. However, the part played by H,sub,2,/sub,S in modulating neurogenic inflammatory response in sepsis is not known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of H,sub,2,/sub,S in mediating neurogenic inflammation in a mouse model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Of major significance in the development of neurogenic inflammation is the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor, a non-selective cation channel found predominantly in primary sensory neurons. In particular, the results of the present study indicate that H,sub,2,/sub,S ...

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Animal waste is considered to be a significant source of potentially hazardous and odorous emissions. Emissions associated with swine manure consist of gases such as ammonia (NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), greenhouse gases (GHGs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Comprehensive, effective, practical, and inexpensive treatment is in high demand. Biochar is mainly known for being soil amendment, has been used for remediation of heavy metals from wastewater, and as an adsorbent for gases due to its porosity. Thus, it is proposed that biochar could be used as an effective and practical treatment for gaseous emissions from stored manure. Data is needed on the performance of biochar to mitigate gaseous emissions from swine manure including simple floatation tests. The hypothesis of mechanism how biochar mitigates emissions from swine manure is that it can influence manure pH, and by that inhibit gaseous emissions transfer from liquid to air, by, for instance, preventing NH4+ transformation to gaseous NH3.

he presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and ammonia (NH3) in biogas pose serious human health and environmental challenges. In this study, H2S and NH3 were successfully removed from biogas using water hyacinth-derived carbon (WHC) nanomaterials. Carbonization temperature, biogas flow rate, mass of the adsorbent and activating agent (KOH/water hyacinth (WH)) ratio were found to greatly influence the efficiency of the H2S and NH3 removal. The adsorption capacity of both H2S and NH3 was found to increase with the carbonization temperature as carbon materials prepared at 450, 550, and 650°C afforded removal efficiencies of 22, 30, and 51% for H2S and 42, 50, and 74% for NH3, respectively, after contact time of 2 h. Similarly, the KOH/WHC ratio showed huge impact on the adsorptive removal of the two species. WH materials carbonized at 650°C and activated at 700°C using 1:4, 1:2, and 1:1 KOH/WHC ratios showed removal efficiencies of 80, 84, and 93% for H2S and 100, 100, and 100% for NH3, ...

Search and download thousands of Swedish university dissertations (essays). Full text. Free. Dissertation: Importance of bacterial hydrogen sulfide in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.

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Why Protein Makes Your Farts Stink:. The main reason why protein causes gas is because it contains amino acids which are known to produce hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide smells worse than normal stinkiness.. You may have heard that eating rotten eggs will make your stinky breath smell better. However, there is no evidence that eating rotten egg will cure your flatulence problem.. Hydrogen sulfide is a natural odorant that occurs naturally in the body. Its produced when certain amino acids react with sulfur compounds found in our air.. These reactions occur when we eat foods containing these amino acids. When we digest food, these amino acid residues are broken down into smaller pieces called peptides (small chains). These small peptides then bond together to form larger molecules like proteins and other complex molecules such as fats and sugars. Some of these bonds are made stronger than others. For example, some amino acids bind strongly to one another while others dont. If you eat a steak ...

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The teleost brain is an energetically costly organ, which raises the question of how brain anatomy is shaped by divergent ecological factors in contrasting (extreme/resource-limited vs. benign) environments. A previous study compared different ecotypes of the teleost Poecilia mexicana in the Tacotalpa drainage system and found that cave fish had a smaller eye diameter, a smaller optic tectum and larger telencephalic lobes relative to ancestral surface-dwelling fish. Smaller eyes and a smaller optic tectum but larger telencephalic lobes were also found in fish from a sulphidic surface habitat near one of the caves, which the authors hypothesized to result from limited vision in turbid sulphide waters. In this study, we tested if repeated transitions along a replicated, natural toxicity gradient result in repeated (convergent) anatomical changes of the teleost brain. We compared ecotypes in the P. mexicana species complex that have independently evolved increased tolerance to hydrogen sulphide ...

Electrical and electronic equipment and components that are used in adverse work environments, e.g. the oil and gas industry, waste water treatment plants, and the pulp and paper industry, where corrosive gases such as hydrogen sulphide are found cause severe corrosion and the rapid deterioration of the electronic components and equipment, including connectors and switches used in these and other work environments. One economical way to prevent or inhibit corrosion from destroying electronics and electrical components is to use CORR-EX LCP-177, ultra thin-film, water-displacing, lubricant and corrosion-inhibiting compound.. ...

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0055]The vapor stream 36 from product separator 34 contains the gaseous portion of the isomerization effluent which comprises at least hydrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and propane and is directed to a system of amine absorbers to separate carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from the vapor stream. Because of the cost of hydrogen, it is desirable to recycle the hydrogen to deoxygenation reactor 4, but it is not desirable to circulate the carbon dioxide or an excess of sulfur containing components. In order to separate sulfur containing components and carbon dioxide from the hydrogen, vapor stream 36 is passed through a system of at least two amine absorbers, also called scrubbers, starting with the first amine absorber zone 56. The amine chosen to be employed in first amine scrubber 56 is capable of selectively removing at least both the components of interest, carbon dioxide and the sulfur components such as hydrogen sulfide. Suitable amines are available from DOW and ...

Sustainable, low-temperature methods for natural gas activation are critical in addressing current and foreseeable energy and hydrocarbon feedstock needs. Large portions of natural gas resources are still too expensive to process due to their high content of hydrogen sulfide gas (H2S) mixed with methane, deemed altogether as sub-quality or sour gas. We propose a unique method of activation to form a mixture of sulfur-containing hydrocarbon intermediates, CH3SH and CH3SCH3, and an energy carrier such as H2. For this purpose, we investigated the H2S-mediated methane activation to form a reactive CH3SH species by means of direct photolysis of sub-quality natural gas. Photoexcitation of hydrogen sulfide in the CH4+H2S complex resulted in a barrierless relaxation by a conical intersection to form a ground-state CH3SH+H2 complex. The resulting CH3SH could further be coupled over acidic catalysts to form higher hydrocarbons, and the resulting H2 used as a fuel. This process is very different from ...

A process for leaching a value metal from a base metal sulfide ore, comprising the step of leaching the ore with a lixiviant comprising a chloride, an oxidant and hydrochloric acid is disclosed. The leaching is controlled, by use of low concentrations of hydrochloric acid and a redox potential, to effect formation of hydrogen sulfide from the base metal sulfide ore. The hydrogen sulfide is stripped from the leach solution, thereby reducing the amount of sulfate generated in the leach to very low levels. The leaching may also be conducted to limit the co-dissolution of platinum group metals and gold with the base value metals. The leach forms a value metal-rich leachate and a solids residue. The solids residue may be subsequently leached to recover the platinum group metals and gold. The value metal-rich leachate can be is oxidized and neutralized to recover the value base metals. In an embodiment, the chloride is magnesium chloride and lixiviant solution is regenerated.

Note: This is the second major metropolitan area in recorded history to be told to shelter-in-place because of hydrogen sulfide. The first was in late 2012 in coastal Kuwait City (Kuwait), mentioned in the 2012-10-17 update. So something that had never happened before has now happened twice in two years. Add to that all of the other hydrogen sulfide incidents: the stinkfests in Southern California, the rotten egg odor that hit Santa Monica after a naturally-occurring methane release in Santa Monica Bay (but methane is odorless, so it wasnt methane), the rotten egg odor that blew in off the ocean and hit Quincy (Massachusetts), the rotten egg odor that hit the Inner Harbor in coastal Baltimore (Maryland) that killed all the fish, the boating town in Australia thats turning into a ghost town because of hydrogen sulfide blowing in off the ocean, the thousands of people fleeing and puking from toxic gas of unknown origin in coastal Rayong (Thailand), and many, many HazMat events ...

Hydrogen sulfide in a landfill is reduced by dispersing a hydrogen sulfide control agent, such as an iron compound, into the landfill. The hydrogen sulfide control agent may be a component of an injected foam. Gas is also recovered from the landfill by introducing water into the landfill, as part of the foam, to promote digestion of organic matter.

Biosynthesis of L-glutamate from L-aspartate or L-cysteine. Important regulator of levels of glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter of the vertebrate central nervous system. Acts as a scavenger of glutamate in brain neuroprotection. The aspartate aminotransferase activity is involved in hepatic glucose synthesis during development and in adipocyte glyceroneogenesis. Using L-cysteine as substrate, regulates levels of mercaptopyruvate, an important source of hydrogen sulfide. Mercaptopyruvate is converted into H(2)S via the action of 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). Hydrogen sulfide is an important synaptic modulator and neuroprotectant in the brain. ...

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A recent study (here) indicates that H2S may play a role in regulating blood flow on the fetal side of human placenta. One of the enzymes that generates H2S (CSE) is found in the smooth muscle layer of stem villus arteries. Moreover it was shown using the H2S donor NaHS that the molecule is able to dilate the fetal placental circulation. Because the placenta lacks innervation, signaling molecules like H2S are likely to be important in the regulation of blood flow. The study found evidence that CSE expression is decreased in pathological pregnancies such as preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. ...

Osmopriming is a technique in which the seed of different plant species is partially or fully hydrated with water or solutions with different osmotic potentials aiming to intensify physiological processes, what improves and excellerates germination. In our study cucumber seed (Cucumis sativus L.) from three different production years was osmoprimed with 300 μM solutions of two different hydrogen sulphide donors: slowly releasing donor GYY4137 and fast releasing donor NaHS. After imbibition, seed was dried and germinated on filter paper moistened with 25 mM NaCl solution or water, respectively. Main hypothesis was that H2S influences germination and vigour of cucumber seedlings germinated in the presence of salt, and that applied H2S donors (NaHS and GYY4137) will differ significantly in their effect. In treatment with NaHS the oldest seed from production year 2009/2010 had significantly lower standard germination and germination energy, while in treatment with GYY4137 differences among seed ...

Because gasotransmitters are highly conserved in mammals, the findings of the research are believed to have broad applications to human physiology and disease.. In terms of relaxing blood vessels, it looks like hydrogen sulfide might be as important as nitric oxide, Snyder says, referring to the first gasotransmitter that two decades ago was discovered to regulate blood pressure.. Just because these two gas molecules perform similar functions, doesnt mean theyre redundant, says Wang, the papers principal author. Nature has added on layer upon layer of complexity to provide a better and tighter control of body function - in this case, of blood pressure.. Studying gaseous messengers can be tricky, explains Snyder, an authority on nitric oxide (NO) whose lab in 1990 discovered that the enzyme triggering NO production is activated by a protein mechanism known as calcium-calmodulin.. When a nerve fires, it releases a bit of neurotransmitter. Then it fires again, very quickly, and releases ...

Snijder PM, de Boer RA, Bos EM, van den Born JC, Ruifrok WP, Vreeswijk-Baudoin I, van Dijk MC, Hillebrands JL, Leuvenink HG, van Goor H : Gaseous hydrogen sulfide protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice partially independent from hypometabolism. PLoS One 10;8 :e63291, ...

Ammonium sulfide, also known as the stink bomb is made up of a solution of ammonium sulfide in water, sealed inside a glass ampoule (a small bottle-like container used to store a liquid securely). When the ampoule is broken, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases are released from the solution. These chemicals have a very strong and unpleasant smell. Ammonium sulfide is a very toxic chemical. It is also explosive and highly flammable. It is added to cigarettes. ...

A process for reducing sulfur content in a gaseous stream with the production of elemental sulfur by first treating the gaseous steam with hydrogenation and hydrolysis to convert substantially all of the sulfur components therein to hydrogen sulfide. Then reducing the water content of the gaseous stream to optimize chemical equilibrium. Thereafter, the gaseous steam is contacted in an oxidation reactor with an acid catalyst at a temperature of about 150 C. to about 350 C. to convert hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. The product gas leaving the oxidation reactor is cooled to separate elemental sulfur by condensation. The acid catalyst is a shape selective zeolite, a metal-exchanged or impregnated alumina, or a mixture thereof. The alumina is gamma phase alumina impregnated with from about 0.2 wt % to about 2.0 wt % metal.