The invention provides methods for substituting polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polyheterocyclic compounds with perfluoroalkyl groups. The methods can include heating a polyaromatic hydrocarbon substrate or a polyheterocyclic compound substrate in the presence of a perfluoroalkyl iodide, typically in a closed system, wherein the heating is sufficient to bring both the polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polyheterocyclic compound, and the perfluoroalkyl iodide, into the gas phase, thereby allowing the substrate to react with the perfluoroalkyl iodide in the gas phase to form polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polyheterocyclic compounds having one or more perfluoroalkyl substituents. The methods allow for the creation of versatile libraries of novel perfluoroalkyl-containing derivatives that can serve as important building blocks and active components in biomedical, electronic, and materials applications.

BACKGROUND: Groundwater and subsurface environments contaminated with aromatic compounds can be remediated in situ by Geobacter species that couple oxidation of these compounds to reduction of Fe(III)-oxides. Geobacter metallireducens metabolizes many aromatic compounds, but the enzymes involved are not well known.. RESULTS: The complete G. metallireducens genome contained a 300 kb island predicted to encode enzymes for the degradation of phenol, p-cresol, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4-hydroxybenzoate, benzyl alcohol, benzaldehyde, and benzoate. Toluene degradation genes were encoded in a separate region. None of these genes was found in closely related species that cannot degrade aromatic compounds. Abundant transposons and phage-like genes in the island suggest mobility, but nucleotide composition and lack of synteny with other species do not suggest a recent transfer. The inferred degradation pathways are similar to those in species that anaerobically oxidize aromatic compounds with nitrate as an ...

Pseudomonas putida CSV86 utilizes glucose, naphthalene, methylnaphthalene, benzyl alcohol and benzoate as the sole source of carbon and energy. Compared with glucose, cells grew faster on aromatic compounds as well as on organic acids. The organism failed to grow on gluconate, 2-ketogluconate, fructose and mannitol. Whole-cell oxygen uptake, enzyme activity and metabolic studies suggest that in strain CSV86 glucose utilization is exclusively by the intracellular phosphorylative pathway, while in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia CSV89 and P. putida KT2442 glucose is metabolized by both direct oxidative and indirect phosphorylative pathways. Cells grown on glucose showed five- to sixfold higher activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase compared with cells grown on aromatic compounds or organic acids as the carbon source. Study of [C-14]glucose uptake by whole cells indicates that the glucose is taken up by active transport. Metabolic and transport studies clearly demonstrate that glucose ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mass transfer of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from complex DNAPL mixtures. AU - Mukherji, Suparna. AU - Peters, Catherine Anne. AU - Weber, Walter J.. PY - 1997/2/1. Y1 - 1997/2/1. N2 - Parameters governing the rates of mass transfer of the individual components of four synthetic dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) mixtures into the aqueous phase were evaluated. The DNAPL mixtures, composed of toluene and eight polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), were designed to serve as models for coal tars and creosotes. The reactor employed provided a relatively stable interface between internally mixed but segregated aqueous and DNAPL phases. Two parameters, the aqueous phase concentration at equilibrium and the overall film mass transfer coefficient, were quantified by simulating aqueous concentration profiles with a mass-transfer-limited rate model using a statistical parameter search and data fitting routine. DNAPL phase activity coefficient values for the various compounds ...

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

The latest report on Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins Industry Market divided by product type, applications, industry verticals and research regions presents growth perspectives, and comprehensive market statistics. An up-to-date Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins market analysis projects the demand, supply, market share and revenue analysis from 2020-2026. Various Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins industry verticals are featured in the study along with competitive industry scenario. A lucrative product overview, growth enhancers, market risks, industry plans and policies are covered. The Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins research highlights the information related to market dynamics and authentic numbers fueling the growth and Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins industry development on a global scale.. The Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins report is well-structured to portray Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resins market scenario on a global and regional level. The regional scope of the study covers key regions namely North America, Europe, ...

Aromaticity-antiaromaticity switch upon singlet-triplet transition of some biologically and synthetically important monoheterocycles (heteroatom = N, O, Si, P, and S) derived from benzene, naphthalene and anthracene was studied by employing energetic, magnetic and structural aromaticity criteria, at the density functional theory (DFT) level. The relationship between spin density distribution, (anti)aromaticity and singlet-triplet energy gaps, in the studied molecules, was found. In general, spin delocalization results in antiaromaticity, spin density localization to one ring in bi- and tricycles localizes antiaromaticity and spin localization on a heteroatom reduces global and local antiaromaticity. The latter reaches nonaromaticity in the case of silicon atoms which have larger orbitals and show more tendency to accept unpaired electrons. Spin density localization in bi- and tricycles allows benzene subunit(s) to develop local aromaticity, which, when combined with nonaromatic silacycle and ...

Quantum-Topology-Atoms-in-Molecules (QTAIM) distills the topology of ρ into key points called critical points. One of these having two negative eigenvalues of the density Hessian at that point (and hence a trace of -1) is labelled a bond critical point. In benzene, sensibly enough, it appears at the mid point of each C-C bond. At this point, it presumably reflects the σ contributions to the density far more than the π contributions. Indeed, its a node for the π system. So an aromaticity metric that uses a region of ρ that represents a node in the π distribution is indeed an interesting one! Of course, we now know that the six-fold symmetry of benzene is due to the σ framework, and not the π manifold. Is that what Shannon aromaticity measures? This leaves magnetic aromaticity, i.e the magnetic response we call a ring current, a quite different measure. Here again of course, the magnetic response of the σ and π electrons is quite different.. ...

GC Application #16187: Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): US and EU Analytes on ZB-MR1. Column used: Zebron™ ZB-MultiResidue™-1, GC Cap. Column 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 µm, Ea Part#: 7HG-G016-11

Körner studied chemistry at Giessen, where he graduated in 1860. In 1866, he became assistant to Kekulé at Ghent. In 1867, when Kekulé was called to Bonn, Körner left Ghent for Palermo where entered the laboratory of Stanislao Cannizzaro, and occupied himself with the study of the aromatic compounds. Besides his work on aromatic compounds, his interest in botany led him to the study of many vegetable substances. In 1870, he accepted the chair of organic chemistry at Scuola Superiore di Agricoltura (School of Agriculture, University of Milan), where he retained until 1922, when for reasons of health he resigned his chair at the age of 83. ...

DDQ/H+ oxidation system which is known to oxidize a variety of aromatic donors with oxidation potential as high as 1.8 V vs. SCE to the corresponding cation radicals can be effectively employed for the preparation of a variety of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The development of DDQ/H+ oxidation system for oxidative C-C bond formation (or Scholl reaction) also allowed us to provide insight into the controversial arenium-ion (proton transfer) versus cation-radical (electron transfer) pathways for the Scholl reaction. A series of carefully-designed experiments provided evidences in support of cation radical pathway for the Scholl reaction. A detailed case study of oxidative cyclodehydrogenation of tetraveratrylethylene was also undertaken using a variety of traditional !-electron oxidants (such as FeCi}, NO+BF4-, and DDQ/H+), in order to further probe the arenium ion versus cation radical pathways for the Scholl reaction. This case study further asserted that oxidative C-C bond formations most likely occur

Essential Oils Are Complex Mixtures of Aromatic CompoundsEssential oils are made of volatile aromatic compounds. Volatile aromatic compounds are small organic molecules that tend to change from the liquid state to the gas state at room temperature. You know, these molecules are so incredibly small that a single drop of

Advances in Polycarbonates includes such topics as theory and modelling, synthesis of new polycarbonates, characterization, development of enhanced properties in polycarbonates (such as conductivity, weatherability, higher heat or better low temperature ductility), recycling, and process chemistry. A variety of international researchers from industry, government, and academia have provided a diverse array of recent research.

Reactions of Aromatic Compounds: A Reaction Map. Lets map out all of the reactions weve learned in this section on aromatic rings + substituents. The list comes to about 25, including the six key electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions, the Wolff-Kishner and Clemmensen, reduction of nitro groups, the Baeyer-Villiger oxidation, sidechain oxidation, desulfonylation, and amine protection.. Also included is a few reactions we actually havent covered yet - such as diazonium salt formation and Sandmeyer reactions. These are often covered in the chapter on amines, but theyre going in here regardless.. File: (PNG). Alternatively: (PDF). ...

Among inactive halogenated aromatic compounds, in particular, chlorinated aromatic compounds have extremely low reactivity as compared to corresponding halogenated aromatic compounds of non-chlorinated series and no effective reaction agent or catalyst have been available . However, because the above described chlorinated compounds are industrially producible and available at a low price, recently, various kinds of reaction agents and catalysts have been developed to achieve the nucleophilic substitution reaction of inactive chlorinated aromatic compounds. For example, in L. I. Goryunov and V. D. Shteingarts, Russ. J. Org. Chem., 29, 1849-1855 (1993), it is disclosed that using Rh complex, which is expensive and difficult to be industrially produced, as a catalyst and chlorobenzene as a raw material, methoxybenzene can be obtained in the yield of 60 to 75% by reacting the chlorobenzene at reaction temperature between 80°C and 180°C for 4 days to 1 hour. In U.S. Pat. No. 5,315,043 or U.S. Pat. ...

Aromatic compounds are important contaminants that limit the intended uses of water resources. Both polar and non-polar substances, such as phenols, aromatic sulfonates, lignin-sulfonic acids, humic and fulvic substances (acids) and mono- and poly-aromatic hydrocarbons, their alkyl-substituted derivatives, respectively, are among the potential aromatic micropollutants. During the last 5 - 10 years, an analytical approach has been developed on the basis of total fluorescence measurement of the original water sample and its organic solvent (cyclohexane) extract. It has been demonstrated and verified that polar aromatic compounds fluoresce only in the original water sample, whereas non-polar (hydrophobic) compounds fluoresce in an organic solvent (e.g. cyclohexane) extract. During extraction, polar compounds remain in the water sample. This method has been used in a country-wide survey in drinking water aquifers, as well as in several environmental impact assessment studies, particularly for ...

The gram-negative metal-reducing microorganism, previously known as strain GS-15, was further characterized. This strict anaerobe oxidizes several short-chain fatty acids, alcohols, and monoaromatic compounds with Fe(III) as the sole electron acceptor. Furthermore, acetate is also oxidized with the reduction of Mn(IV), U(VI), and nitrate. In whole cell suspensions, the c-type cytochrome(s) of this organism was oxidized by physiological electron acceptors and also by gold, silver, mercury, and chromate. Menaquinone was recovered in concentrations comparable to those previously found in gram-negative sulfate reducers. Profiles of the phospholipid ester-linked fatty acids indicated that both the anaerobic desaturase and the branched pathways for fatty acid biosynthesis were operative. The organism contained three lipopolysaccharide hydroxy fatty acids which have not been previously reported in microorganisms, but have been observed in anaerobic freshwater sediments. The 16S rRNA sequence indicated ...

Thermoplastic compositions are described, containing a cycloaliphatic polyester resin, along with selected polycarbonates or copolycarbonates. The polycarbonates are usually based on dihydroxydiphenyl cyclohexanes, or on bisphenols prepared from cyclic monoterpene precursors. The compositions may be transparent or translucent. Moreover, they may include a rubbery impact modifier. Related processes and articles are also described.

However, there are many molecules where lone pair DO participate to aromaticity. Below are several examples. Take furan for example; oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons. One of them is in a geometry parallel to the pi-bond system. Therefore, these electrons DO participate in the pi-bond system and add 2 electrons the pi-bond count resulting in 4*1+2=6 electrons, therefore furan is aromatic. Imidiazole is molecule that has two nitrogen atoms; one nitrogen participating in pi-bonding and not contributing lone pairs, while the other is not participating in pi-bonding but contributes electrons the pi-bond count. The 4*1+2=6 electron count for imidazole renders it aromatic.. ...

Interestingly, over half of the plants listed above are in the mint family (Lamiaceae) except for marigolds (Asteraceae or composite family), lemongrass (Poaceae or grass family), garlic (Alliaceae or onion family) and petunias (Solanaceae or nightshade family). The Lamiaceae are frequently aromatic, which is why they are so popular for cooking, but aromatic compounds are often a plants defense against herbivory, which is why plants in the mint family are so good at repelling insects and other pests. Luckily for us humans, we find many of these plant odors attractive, so why not plant a few or all of these garden selections to enjoy a fragrant and relatively bug-free summer ...

Understanding of interactions among molecules is essential to elucidate the binding of pharmaceuticals on receptors, the mechanism of protein folding and self-assembling of organic molecules. While interactions between two aromatic molecules have been examined extensively, little is known about the interactions between two antiaromatic molecules. Theoretical investigations have predicted that antiaromatic molecules should be stabilized when they stack with each other by attractive intermolecular interactions. Here, we report the synthesis of a cyclophane, in which two antiaromatic porphyrin moieties adopt a stacked face-to-face geometry with a distance shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii of the atoms involved. The aromaticity in this cyclophane has been examined experimentally and theoretically. This cyclophane exhibits three-dimensional spatial current channels between the two subunits, which corroborates the existence of attractive interactions between two antiaromatic π-systems. Little

TY - JOUR. T1 - Aromaticity in catalysis: metal ligand cooperation via ligand dearomatization and rearomatization. AU - Huang, Kuo-Wei. AU - Goncalves, Theo. AU - Dutta, Indranil. N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-02-15 Acknowledgements: Financial support and the service of Ibex, Shaheen 2 High Performance Computing Facilities were provided by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST).. PY - 2021/2/9. Y1 - 2021/2/9. N2 - Unlike the conventional model of transition metal catalysis, ligands in metal-ligand cooperative (or bifunctional) catalysis are involved in the substrate activations. Such processes have offered unique mechanistic understandings and led.... AB - Unlike the conventional model of transition metal catalysis, ligands in metal-ligand cooperative (or bifunctional) catalysis are involved in the substrate activations. Such processes have offered unique mechanistic understandings and led.... UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10754/667365. UR - ...

The first comprehensive theoretical investigation of structural, energetic, and electronic changes in a sumanene skeleton, C21H12, upon a step-wise deprotonation process is performed. This study is complemented by a detailed consideration of aromaticity in target bowl-shaped systems, including neutral sumane

J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1996, 118, On the Question of Stability, Conjugation, and Aromaticity in Imidazol-2-ylidenes and Their Silicon Analogs Christoph Heinemann, Thomas Mu1ller, Yitzhak Apeloig,*,

Microorganisms are known to be capable of degrading diverse chemical substances including man-made chemicals in the environment that are mostly aromatic compounds. This diagram illustrates combination patterns of reaction modules for biodegradation of aromatic compounds, consisting of three main types of ring dihydroxylation modules, followed by meta- or ortho-cleavage modules, together with an optional preprocessing module for converting methyl group to carboxyl group on the aromatic ring ...

The first comprehensive theoretical investigation of aromaticity in functionalized corannulene cations of general formula [CH3-C20H10]+ was accomplished. The experimentally known system [CH3-hub-C20H10]+ was augmented by two other possible isomers, namely, rim- and spoke-ones. Changes in aromaticity, when go Electron delocalization and aromaticity: 150 years of the Kekulé benzene structure

As a departmental teaching fellow, my efforts are devoted to undergraduate teaching. I lecture on Aromatic and Enolate Chemistry (part IB chemistry B) and Aromatic Heterocycles and Medicinal Chemistry (part III chemistry), and am a senior demonstrator in the part II organic, part IB organic and part IB physical labs. I am a bye-fellow of Pembroke College where I am Director of Studies (DoS) for Chemistry and am also Chemistry DoS at Newnham. I supervise IA chemistry, IB chemistry A and B, and selected part II and part III chemistry courses ...

see article for more examples. Abstract. A mild, complete hydrogenation of aromatic rings catalyzed by heterogeneous 10% Rh/C proceeds at 80 C in water under 5 atm of H2 pressure and is applicable to the hydrogenation of various carbon and heteroaromatic compounds such as alkylbenzenes, biphenyls, pyridines and furans.. ...

Aromatic Compounds Market Report offered by Market Size Forecasters gives a market overview of the Aromatic Compounds industry which covers product scope, market revenue, opportunities, growth rate, sales volumes and figures, the report also explores the worldwide players of the market and is segmented by region, type and application with forecast to 2022.

I give tutorial classes in organic chemistry throughout the three years of the course. Much of the teaching is problem based in order to build up both mechanistic and synthetic expertise across a broad range of the subject. There is some [but not much] specialisation in the third year; if you choose some of the topics I know little about, you will be taught by experts in other colleges on an exchange arrangement. In the department I give second year lecture courses on saturated ring chemistry, and on oxidation and reduction in organic chemistry. I also organise and contribute to a second year supplementary subject on aromatic heterocyclic and pharmaceutical chemistry. ...

Biography. During my master project in Biomedical Chemistry at the TU/e I studied ring-chain equilibria in a host-guest system based on aromatic peptides and cucurbit[8]uril. After this I joined the Shih-group at the Wyss institute in Boston for an internship. In this internship the research was focused on DNA-origami, drug delivery and the activation of the human immune system. ...

1AQX: Structures of class pi glutathione S-transferase from human placenta in complex with substrate, transition-state analogue and inhibitor.

Dr King reports relationships with Aclaris Therapeutics, Concert Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Regeneron. Dr Guttman reports relationships with AbbVie, Almirall, Anacor Pharmaceuticals, Asana Biosciences, Celgene, Dermira, Eli Lilly and Company, Galderma Research & Development, Glenmark Generics, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Pharma, Leo Pharma, Medimmune, Mitsibushi Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, sanofi-aventis, Sanofi/Regeneron, Stiefel, and Vitae Pharmaceuticals. Dr Meisenheimer has disclosed no relevant financial relationships. ...

항암제로 약효가 뛰어난 Streptonigrin은 독성이 강한 단점이 있어서 많은 학자들이 새로운 항암제의 개발을 시도하고있다. 최근 보고된 Johnson연구진의 보고에 의하면 Streptonigrin의 모핵인 Quinoline-5,5-dione유도체가 강한 항암효과를 가지고 있는것으로 알려졌다. 본 실험에서는 분자내 고리화 반응을 통해 Quinoline-5,8-dione을 모핵으로 한 Pyridino[2,3, f]-indole-4,9-dione유도체와 기타 heteroaromatic compound를 합성하였다. 즉, 6,7-Dichloro-quinoline-5,8-dione을 NH_(4)0H 존재하에서 α-cyanoethylester와 반응시켜 6-( α -cyano- α -ethoxycarbonyl -methyl )-7-chloro-quinoline-5,8-dione(compoundⅠ )을 합성하였다. 이를 지방족아민과 반응시켜서 2-amino-3-ethoxycarbonyl-N-alkyl-pyridino[2, 3, f] indole-4,9-dione 유도체(compoundⅡa-e)를 얻었으나 방향족아민과의 반응에서는 분자내 고리화 반응이 일어나지않고 친핵성 치환 반응만이 ...

Name: Chemistry of hydrocarbon compounds > Aromatic compound synthesis > From alicyclic > Polycyclic product or with olefinic unsaturation in ...

This video lecture, part of the series Chemistry 3B: Chemical Structure and Reactivity (2010) by Prof. Peter C. Vollhardt, does not currently have a detailed description and video lecture title. If you have watched this lecture and know what it is about, particularly what Chemistry topics are discussed, please help us by commenting on this video with your suggested description and title. Many thanks from ...

The blog mainly contains Study guides for various topics in JEE Syllabus and Revision material of Chemistry. Model questions and Practice Questions are provided in separate blogs.. ...

It has been demonstrated previously that some adducts formed between endogenously activated polyaromatic hydrocarbons and DNA lead to significant stabilization of the DNA secondary structure (Lukin et al., 2011; Zaliznyak et al., 2006). Systematic study o

Rings are calculated using MIB by molinspiration.com. We calculate Bemis-Murcko Scaffolds (argument: -scaffold). For each BM Scaffold, we enumerate ring systems (argument: -ringSystems). For each ring system, we enumerate simple rings (argument: -simpleRings). We have to fudge a bit on simple rings that break aromaticity, tautomers and so on. We hope that this ring-based view of purchasable chemical space will be useful notwithstanding a few problems. Like all of ZINC, you must agree to use it at your own risk. NB as of March 13, 2012, only about 10% of the molecules in ZINC have been processed for rings. We expect to have 95% coverage by April 1, 2012. ...

The invention relates to the use of N-isobutylamide 2E, 4E-decadien acid (trans-pellitorin) in the form of an aromatic substance, in particular a saliva stimulating aromatic substance preferably for food, buccal hygiene or gustatory preparations. The preparations, semifinished products, compounds of odorant, aromatic and gustatory substances which contain trans-pellitorin and a method for the production of said trans-pellitorin are also disclosed.

View Notes - Chapter 16 September 19 from CHEM 234-54 at UGA. however: 3 2.) Reduction of Aryl Alkyl Ketones : Example: A neighboring (adjacent) aromatic ring activates carbonyl groups for reduction

Returns the number of aromatic rings in the molecule. This number is calculated from the smallest set of smallest aromatic rings (SSSAR), which might contain rings that are not part of the standard SSSR ring set. As a consequence, the sum of the aliphatic ring count and the aromatic ring count can sometimes be greater than the ring count value. The difference is the sign of a macroaromatic ring system. ...

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SPE Supra-Clean NH2-S (Amino) Column, 100 mg/1 mL is recommended for extracting polar to mid-polar aromatic compounds when analyzing basic compounds, polar amine compounds, and carbohydrates.

SPE Supra-Clean Phenyl (PH-S) 96 Well Plate, 100 mg/2 mL. Recommended for extracting non-polar to mid-polar aromatic compounds when analyzing Benzodiazepines in biological matrices.

Natures Own all natural terpenes are an effects-rich terpenes base combined with a variety of other aromatic compounds.The Natures Own proprietary blend of our all natural terpenes mix.

StoryAP to archiwum ludzkich historii z całego świata uruchomione w ramach europejskiego projektu StoryDec. Wierzymy, że opowiadanie historii ma ogromny potencjał do zmiany.

AROMATICS, also known as arenes, is any of a large class of unsaturated chemical compounds characterized by one or more planar rings of atoms joined by covalent bonds of two different kinds ...

GenDR A curated database of genes associated with dietary restriction in model organisms either from genetic manipulation experiments or gene expression profiling.. ...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the personal exposure of members of the general public to atmospheric benzene, toluene, and the xylenes, excluding exposure from active smoking. METHOD: 50 volunteers were equipped with active air samplers for direct measurement of personal exposure to monoaromatic hydrocarbons (MAH) and an activity diary was completed during each sampling period. Exposures were also estimated indirectly by combining activity data with independent measurements of hydrocarbon concentrations in several microenvironments. RESULTS: Personal exposure were generally well in excess of those which would be inferred from outdoor measurements from an urban background monitoring station. A wide range of sources contribute to exposure, with indoor and in car concentrations generally exceeding those measured at background outdoor locations. Environments contaminated with tobacco smoke were among those exhibiting the highest concentrations. Personal exposures determined indirectly from activity ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Direct C-H Cyanation of Arenes via Organic Photoredox Catalysis. AU - McManus,Joshua B.. AU - Nicewicz,David A.. PY - 2017/3/1. Y1 - 2017/3/1. N2 - Methods for the direct C-H functionalization of aromatic compounds are in demand for a variety of applications, including the synthesis of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and materials. Herein, we disclose the construction of aromatic nitriles via direct C-H functionalization using an acridinium photoredox catalyst and trimethylsilyl cyanide under an aerobic atmosphere. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under mild conditions and has proven to be compatible with a variety of electron-donating and -withdrawing groups, halogens, and nitrogen- and oxygen-containing heterocycles, as well as aromatic-containing pharmaceutical agents.. AB - Methods for the direct C-H functionalization of aromatic compounds are in demand for a variety of applications, including the synthesis of agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and materials. Herein, we ...

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons msds sheet, PAHs, short for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are a group of chemicals consisting of numerous carbon atoms joined together to form multiple rings. There are at least 10,000 different PAH compounds. Most are formed from the incomplete combustion of plant or animal matter, or carbon fuels, such as coal or petroleum.

Worker exposures to 23 individual or groups of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and azo heterocyclic compounds were determined at Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Refinery, El Segundo, California, on January 18 and 19, 1980. Area and personal samples were collected in the fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) and delayed coker units using a silver membrane filter followed by Chromosorb 102. Upwind samples at the refine

GC Application #15560: Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) on ZB-5MS. Column used: Zebron™ ZB-5MS, GC Cap. Column 20 m x 0.18 mm x 0.18 µm, Ea Part#: 7FD-G010-08

Assessing the degree of aromaticity in a novel compound has been a much sought after prize, and is the topic of much of Chapter 2 in my book. An interesting approach is described in a recent JACS paper by Williams and Mitchell.1 The interior methyl groups of 1 sit above and below the ring plane of the aromatic dihydropyrene and provide an interesting magnetic probe of the aromaticity; the chemical shift of these methyl groups are δ -4.06ppm, far upfield as they sit in the shielded region above the aromatic plane. Annelation of a benzene ring to give 2 should reduce the ring current, thereby reflecting a reduced aromatic character. In fact, the chemical shifts of the methyls in 2 are δ -1.58 ppm. This relatively large chemical shift difference provides a means for measuring the aromatic influence of other fused rings.. ...

Members of the genus Pseudomonas are characterized by their ability to grow in simple media at the expense of a great variety of organic compounds. They have a strict respiratory metabolism and are motile by one or several polar flagella. They are common inhabitants of soil and water and can also be found on the surfaces of plants and animals. They are are found in nature in a biofilm or in planktonic form. Pseudomonas putida F1 is a versatile environmental isolate (from a polluted creek in Urbana, USA) that is capable of growth on several aromatic hydrocarbons, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and p -cymene. It is chemotactic to aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated aliphatic compounds and has the potential for use in bioremediation applications. P. putida F1 is one of the most well-studied aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacterial strains; over 200 articles have been written about various aspects of P. putida F1 physiology, enzymology, and genetics (adapted from ...

For coke crushing, we advise that you layout exact crushing and screening plant that is near for your situation. In this regard, you can discuss it with us over the internet. And we will reply to you soon. Certainly, there are also some other technological means, forCrushing Of Coal In Coke Oven Plant Mining Equipment .Crushing Of Coal In Coke Oven Plant Mining Equipment Production capacity: 1-1200 t/h Feeding size: 125-1200 mm Material handling: pebble, calcite, granite, quartz, concrete, dolomite, bluestone, iron ore, limestone, construction waste, etc Get Price ListCoal Crusher Used In Coke Oven PlantCoal Crusher Used In Coke Oven Plant Main Parts Coal Crusher Used In Coke Oven PlantType of crusher used in coke oven plant for crusher coal binq is a pioneer in the field of crushing grinding for coke and is one of the largest suppliers of main parts coal crusher ...crush coke equipment - Natuurlijk DameskledingCrushing Equipment In A Coke Plant antwerpsehavenpijl Crushing Equipment In A Coke ...

Directory of patents filed by John L Lemanowicz (123 patents): Method for forming pluralities of droplets and polymer particles having low polydispersity; Bicyclic heteroaromatic compounds as protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors; Bicyclic heteroaromatic compounds as protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors; Fused heterocyclic compounds as protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors; Process and apparatus for forming plastic sheet

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Phenylene-bridged core-modified planar aromatic octaphyrin: Aromaticity, photophysical and anion receptor properties. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The effect of β-saturated pyrrolic rings on the electronic structures and aromaticity of magnesium porphyrin derivatives. T2 - A density functional study. AU - Wan, Liang. AU - Qi, Dongdong. AU - Zhang, Yuexing. PY - 2011/1/1. Y1 - 2011/1/1. N2 - Density functional theory (DFT) calculation on the molecular structures, molecular orbitals, electronic absorption spectra, and magnetic properties of magnesium porphyrin (MgPor) and a series of five hydrogenated magnesium porphyrin complexes with different number of β-saturated pyrrolic rings, namely MgPor-β-1Hy, MgPor-β-opp-2Hy, MgPor-β-adj-2Hy, MgPor-β-3Hy, and MgPor-β-4Hy, clarifies the redshift of the lowest energy absorption band from chlorophyll a to bacteriochlorophyll and reveals the strong chemical stability for both of them. The energy levels of highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) and HOMO-1 for MgPor are reversed upon hydrogenation at β-positions (2 and 3, 7 and 8, 12 and 13, and 17 and 18) of porphyrin ring. ...

My passion for essential oils began more than 20 years ago but Ive recently become a Wellness Advocate with doTERRA because I believe in their quality and value their mission. If you have ever enjoyed the scent of a rose, youve experienced the aromatic qualities of essential oils. These naturally occurring, volatile aromatic compounds are found in the seeds, bark, stems, roots, flowers, and other parts of plants. Essential oils provide plants with protection against environmental threats and play a role in plant pollination. In addition to their intrinsic benefits to plants and being beautifully fragrant to people, essential oils have long been used for food preparation, beauty treatment, and health-care practices.. ...

My passion for essential oils began more than 20 years ago but Ive recently become a Wellness Advocate with doTERRA because I believe in their quality and value their mission. If you have ever enjoyed the scent of a rose, youve experienced the aromatic qualities of essential oils. These naturally occurring, volatile aromatic compounds are found in the seeds, bark, stems, roots, flowers, and other parts of plants. Essential oils provide plants with protection against environmental threats and play a role in plant pollination. In addition to their intrinsic benefits to plants and being beautifully fragrant to people, essential oils have long been used for food preparation, beauty treatment, and health-care practices.. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Revisiting Aromaticity and Chemical Bonding of Fluorinated Benzene Derivatives. AU - Torres-Vega, Juan J.. AU - Vásquez-Espinal, Alejandro. AU - Ruiz, Lina. AU - Fernández-Herrera, María A.. AU - Alvarez-Thon, Luis. AU - Merino, Gabriel. AU - Tiznado, William. PY - 2015/6/1. Y1 - 2015/6/1. N2 - The electron delocalization of benzene (C6H6) and hexafluorobenzene (C6F6) was analyzed in terms of the induced magnetic field, nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS), and ring current strength (RCS). The computed out-of-plane component of the induced magnetic field at a distance (r) greater than or equal to 1.0 Å above the ring center correlates well (R2,0.99) with the RCS value. According to these criteria, fluorination has two effects on the C6 skeleton; concomitantly, the resonant effects diminish the π electron delocalization and the inductive effects decrease the charge density at the ring center and therefore reduce the magnitude of the paratropic current generated in this ...

The solubility behavior of several aromatic and polynuclear aromatic pollutants was determined in a variety of water/cosolvent mixtures. The data was used to test a log-linear solubility model and develop a relationship for determining the slope of the log-linear solubility curve ...

China C5/C9 Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resin with High-Quality, Leading C5/C9 Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resin Manufacturers & Suppliers, find C5/C9 Aromatic Hydrocarbon Resin Factory & Exporters.

Close The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the users device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the users data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser. ...

High molecular weight linear polycarbonates are prepared by continuous condensation of organic dihydroxy compounds and phosgene in two reaction zones, a mixture of an aqueous-alkaline solution of the organic dihydroxy compound and an aqueous catalyst solution being introduced at the rate of from 1 to 50 meters per second and the phosgene at the rate of from 30 to 300 meters per second into the first reaction zone and condensed, an organic solvent being incorporated into the resultant reaction mixture containing oligomer and polycarbonate and the condensation of the aqueous-organic reaction mixture carried to completion in the second reaction zone by the two-phase interfacial method.

Phenazine methosulfate can act as acceptor. Acts on aromatic amines and, more slowly, on some long-chain aliphatic amines, but not on methylamine or ...

An aromatic ring current is an effect observed in aromatic molecules such as benzene and naphthalene. If a magnetic field is directed perpendicular to the plane of the aromatic system, a ring current is induced in the delocalized π electrons of the aromatic ring.[1] This is a direct consequence of Ampères law; since the electrons involved are free to circulate, rather than being localized in bonds as they would be in most non-aromatic molecules, they respond much more strongly to the magnetic field.. Aromatic ring currents are relevant to NMR spectroscopy, as they dramatically influence the chemical shifts of 13C and 1H nuclei in aromatic molecules,[2] as well as in any organic or inorganic aromatic molecule. The effect helps distinguish these nuclear environments and is therefore of great use in molecular structure determination. In benzene, the ring protons experience deshielding because the induced magnetic field has the same direction as the external field and their chemical shift is 7.3 ...

3,5-cyclic purine ribonucleotide - Pentose phosphate - Glycosyl compound - N-glycosyl compound - 6-aminopurine - Monosaccharide phosphate - Imidazopyrimidine - Purine - Alkyl aryl ether - Aminopyrimidine - Monosaccharide - N-substituted imidazole - Organic phosphoric acid derivative - Imidolactam - Pyrimidine - Oxolane - Azole - Heteroaromatic compound - Imidazole - Dialkyl ether - Ether - Oxacycle - Azacycle - Organoheterocyclic compound - Primary amine - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organic oxide - Organic oxygen compound - Amine - Organic nitrogen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organooxygen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound ...

Author: Spanu, L. et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Published in Print: 2011; Title: Stability of hydrocarbons at deep Earth pressures and temperatures

The Chichibabin reaction (pronounced (chē)-chē-bā-bēn) is a method for producing 2-aminopyridine derivatives by the reaction of pyridine with sodium amide. It was reported by Aleksei Chichibabin in 1914. The following is the overall form of the general reaction: The direct amination of pyridine with sodium amide takes place in liquid ammonia. Following the addition elimination mechanism first a nucleophilic NH2− is added while a hydride (H−) is leaving. Ciganek describes an example of an intramolecular Chichibabin reaction in which a nitrile group on a fused ring is the source of nitrogen in amination. It is widely accepted that the Chichibabin reaction mechanism is an addition-elimination reaction that proceeds through an σ-adduct (Meisenheimer adduct) intermediate (the third structure). First, the nucleophilic NH2− group adds to the δ+ ring carbon pushing electrons onto the ring nitrogen and forming the anionic σ-adduct, which is stabilized by sodium. Electrons from the ...

The intramolecular nucleophilic addition of N-methyl-N-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)glycine anion in methanol-dimethyl sulfoxide mixtures produces spiro[(3-methyl-5-oxazolidinone)-2,1-(2,4,6-trinitrobenzenide)]. The spiro adduct has been identified by means of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. This is the first case when the formation of a Meisenheimer adduct with carboxylate ion is observed. Logarithm of the equilibrium constant of adduct formation increases linearly with the mole fraction of dimethyl sulfoxide in its mixture with methanol.. ...

Patch Testing requires 3 office visits in one week. Test allergens will be taped to your back on (1st visit). The patches will be removed in 48 hours (2nd visit) and you will need to return the next day for the doctor to do the final reading (3rd visit). On rare occasions a fourth check may be needed at 6 days.. Final Visit: If you have positive reactions, Dr. Meisenheimer will prepare information handouts on the chemicals you are sensitive to and also generate a list of safe products to use.. ...

It was 2013 when Toby Meisenheimer of Warrenville, Ill., went to put a bandage on his toddlers forehead. Toby and his wife, Murphy, had adopted transracial...

I have referred friends to Tomo360 and have used them personally. I can say, without qualification, that they went above and beyond expectations in every way. Their websites are beautiful, their SEO is well thought out, and their approach to social media is smart and consistent. My firm had used them recently for an audit of our current website and current SEO company. What we learned blew our minds. For example, we learned that our current efforts were at times unfocused, that our efforts were occasionally misplaced, and that we were missing out on some important marketing opportunities. Tomo360 has allowed us to present digitally as the professionals that we are and has allowed us to formulate a smarter plan for our digital marketing efforts going forward. Thank you Tomo360. ...

Close The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the users device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the users data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser. ...

EC number: 297-401-8 , CAS number: 93571-75-6 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained by separation from the platformate-containing fraction. It consists predominantly of aromatic hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly in the range of C7 through C12 (primarily C8) and can contain nonaromatic hydrocarbons, both boiling in the range of approximately 130°C to 200°C (266°F to 392°F). ...

Coronene polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecule. Stylized skeletal formula (chemical structure). Atoms are shown as color-coded circles: hydrogen (hidden), carbon (grey). - Stock Image F012/5893

Purchase your copy of ASTM D8305 - 19 as a PDF download or hard copy directly from the official BSI Shop. All BSI British Standards available online in electronic and print formats.

Find right answers right now! What is the difference between aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons? More questions about Science & Mathematics, what

(KudoZ) Portuguese to English translation of hidrocarbonetos aromáticos e alifáticos: aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons [Science].

A vinyl aromatic composition stabilized against polymerization comprising (a) a vinyl aromatic compound and (b) an effective amount of a stabilizer system in which the active ingredient consists essentially of an oxygenated species formed by the reaction of oxygen and an N-aryl-N-alkyl-p-phenylenediamine. Also disclosed is a process for inhibiting the polymerization of vinyl aromatic compounds employing such an oxygenated species.

David Sherrill, a leader in the field of computational studies of stacking interactions, from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, US, says: What this paper seems to show is that in some cases pi-pi interactions can be enhanced by breaking the aromaticity to yield localised pi orbitals. This is a big surprise, and I think most of the community would not have expected that result, he says. It is commonly the case that when one is making some supramolecular systems, the presence of an aromatic interaction is considered the favourable recognition element, and it still is. But now, I think we can broaden our view to look at a wider variety of these recognition elements, he adds ...

The first example of a stable phenylogous enol, resulting from an extended keto-enol tautomerization across a benzene ring, is described. The enol has been isolated, and its structure was proven by X-ray crystallography. The equilibrium between the keto- and enol-tautomers has been extensively studied and quantified in solution by NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy. The position of equilibrium showed a linear correlation to the Kamlet-Taft solvatochromic scale for solvent H-bond acceptor strength (beta(OH)), and the equilibrium was proven to be fully dynamic, obeying first-order equilibrium kinetics. To attempt to explain why enolization occurs, at what surprisingly appears to be the expense of aromatic resonance stabilization, various structural features have been considered and explored further with the aid of MO calculations. Nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) index of aromaticity calculations for each of the rings comprising both tautomers showed that while the central benzene ring loses ...

A cunningly modified ring of boron and nitrogen atoms is the closest inorganic analog of benzene yet created, its creators say (Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2020, DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915790). The first inorganic version of benzene was reported almost a century ago. Borazine (B3N3H6) contains a flat six-membered ring and a delocalized cloud of six π electrons but is only moderately aromatic. Since borazines discovery, a handful of other inorganic benzenes have been created, none of which seem to have much aromaticity. Rei Kinjo and Kei Ota at Nanyang Technological University have now created a 1,4,2,3,5,6-diazatetraborinine derivative that is much more benzene-like than its predecessors. The blue solid is a valence isomer of benzene, with each ring atom bearing only one substituent. Unlike borazines alternating pattern of elements, diazatetraborinines ring includes four boron atoms that sit in pairs and bond to either chlorine or trimethylphosphine. X-ray crystallography shows that the molecule is ...

This graph shows the total number of publications written about Hydrocarbons, Aromatic by people in this website by year, and whether Hydrocarbons, Aromatic was a major or minor topic of these publications ...

Canty, A. J.; Ariafard, A.; Sanford, M. S.; Yates, B. F. Mechanism of Pd-Catalyzed Ar-Ar Bond Formation Involving Ligand-Directed C-H Arylation and Diaryliodonium Oxidants: Computational Studies of Orthopalladation at Binuclear PdII Centers, Oxidation To Form Binuclear Palladium (III) Species, and Ar···Ar Reductive Coupling, Organometallics 2013, 32, 544-555. ...

The use of catalytic amounts of sodiumhydride as an efficient promoter for the dimerization of aromatic and even heteroaromatic aldehydes under standard laboratory conditions is reported. A range of substituted aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes was converted, and the corresponding esters were obtained in good to excellent yields even on a multigram scale.. ...

Description: Subject matter wherein the compound contains aluminum, silicon, and oxygen atoms in an ordered spatial pattern or arrangement, e.g., a zeolite, etc., and which may be of natural or synthetic origin ...

You may also wish to search for items by Zhai, H. and Zhai. 33 matching references were found. Zhai, H.J.; Averkiev, B.B.; Zubarev, D.Y.; Wang, L.S.; Boldyrev, A.I., Delta Aromaticity in [Ta3O3](-), Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed. Eng., 2007, 46, 23, 4277-4280, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200700442 . [all data] Li, X.; Zhai, H.J.; Wang, L.S., Photoelectron spectroscopy of pentaatomic tetracoordinate planar carbon molecules: CAl3Si- and CAl3Ge-, Chem. Phys., 2002, 357, 415-419. [all data] Chen, W.J.; Zhai, H.J.; Huang, X.; Wang, L.S., On the electronic structure of mono-rhenium oxide clusters: ReOn- and ReOn (n=3, 4), Chem. Phys. Lett., 2011, 512, 1-3, 49-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cplett.2011.07.018 . [all data] Alexandrova, A.N.; Zhai, H.J.; Wang, L.S.; Boldyrev, A.I., Molecular wheel B-8(2-) as a new inorganic ligand. Photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio characterization of LiB8-, Inorg. Chem., 2004, 43, 12, 3552-3554, https://doi.org/10.1021/ic049706a . [all data] Zhai, H.J.; Yang, X.; Wang, ...

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The information in this document is obtained from current and reliable sources but makes no representation as to its comprehensiveness or accuracy. Nothing contained herein should be considered as a recommendation or warranty by Aromatics Canada Inc. as to the fitness/suitability for any use. Aromatics Canada Inc. also makes no representation as to the reliability, accuracy, completeness, and probable results of all described products and information, materials, content, or links provided. The information may be modified or updated at any time with no notice provided.. The certifications, statements, and product descriptions shown on this website are strictly for information purposes only. Aromatics Canada Inc. shall not be responsible for any damages, injury, or losses resulting from use of or reliance upon this information. The user of the product is solely responsible for compliance with all applicable local, state, federal, or international laws and regulations related to the use of the ...