7-AAD Staining Solution is a ready-to-use reagent suitable for the evaluation of cell viability in mono- or multiparametric analyses of human peripheral blood using flow cytometry. 7-AAD (7-amino-actinomycin D) is a fluorescent dye that intercalates into double-stranded DNA (GC rich regions). It is excluded from viable cells, but can penetrate cell membranes of dead or dying cells. Therefore, it can be used instead of propidium iodide (PI) for the evaluation of cell death and apoptosis. The fluorescence emission maximum for 7-AAD is at 647 nm. When excited at 488 nm, 7-AAD is detected in the red fluorescence channel commonly used for R-phycoerythrin (PE)-Cy® 5 tandem dye detection, with minimal spectral overlap into the yellow fluorescence channel commonly used for PE detection. - Schweiz
7-AAD Staining Solution is a ready-to-use reagent suitable for the evaluation of cell viability in mono- or multiparametric analyses of human peripheral blood using flow cytometry.7-AAD (7-amino-actinomycin D) is a fluorescent dye that intercalates into double-stranded DNA (GC rich regions). It is excluded from viable cells, but can penetrate cell membranes of dead or dying cells. Therefore, it can be used instead of propidium iodide (PI) for the evaluation of cell death and apoptosis.The fluorescence emission maximum for 7-AAD is at 647 nm. When excited at 488 nm, 7-AAD is detected in the red fluorescence channel commonly used for R-phycoerythrin (PE)-Cy®5 tandem dye detection, with minimal spectral overlap into the yellow fluorescence channel commonly used for PE detection. - Nederland
In this study, we focused on the contribution of surface charge to the prevalence of different pneumococcal serotypes in carriage. We found that serotype-specific zeta potential was a good predictor of carriage prevalence in each of the three cohorts examined. The Kenyan and the Massachusetts 2001 cohorts were sampled prior to widespread use of PCV7. The correlation between lower zeta potential and higher prevalence suggested that surface charge is linked to a factor(s) maintaining the naturally occurring serotype pattern. The Massachusetts 2007 cohort was sampled after widespread use of PCV7, and evidence suggested that serotype replacement had been completed by then (12). The serotype pattern in this cohort was clearly different from that in other cohorts, because PCV7 effectively decreased the prevalence of vaccine types while some non-vaccine types increased in frequency. Nonetheless, in both vaccine types and non-vaccine types, a negative correlation between zeta potential and prevalence ...
Multiplex Detection Kits for Western Blot. Figure 1. Simultaneous detection of two different antigens using conjugates made with Cytodiagnostics multiplex nanoparticle detection kit in a vertical flow dot blot assay. Assay t
For phenotypic behavior to be understood in the context of cell lineage and local environment, properties of individual cells must be measured relative to population-wide traits. However, the inability to accurately identify, track and measure thousands of single cells via high-throughput microscopy has impeded dynamic studies of cell populations. We demonstrate unique labeling of cells, driven by the heterogeneous random uptake of fluorescent nanoparticles of different emission colors. By sequentially exposing a cell population to different particles, we generated a large number of unique digital codes, which corresponded to the cell-specific number of nanoparticle-loaded vesicles and were visible within a given fluorescence channel. When three colors are used, the assay can self-generate over 17,000 individual codes identifiable using a typical fluorescence microscope. The color-codes provided immediate visualization of cell identity and allowed us to track human cells with a success rate of ...
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GenMarks eSensor 2C19 Genotyping Test is designed for multiplex detection & genotyping of certain alleles of the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) 2C19 gene locus.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Confocal microscopy is one of the major imaging tools used in molecular life sciences. It delivers detailed three-dimensional data sets and is instrumental in biological analysis and research where structures of interest are labelled using fluorescent probes. Usually, this three-dimensional data is rendered as a projection onto a two-dimensional display. This can however lead to ambiguity in the visual interpretation of the structures of interest in the sample. Furthermore, analysis and region of interest (ROI) selection are also most commonly performed two-dimensionally. This may inadvertently lead to either the exclusion of relevant or the inclusion of irrelevant data points, consequently affecting the accuracy of the analysis. We present a virtual reality (VR) based system that allows firstly, precision region of interest selection and colocalisation analysis, secondly, the spatial visualisation of the correlation of colocalised fluorescence channels and, thirdly, an ...
Features of our method make it inherently robust. First, double-end labeling allows for independent detection of the two cleavage products in different fluorescence channels, which guards against false positives. Second, we reamplify and retest each individual from a pool in the same way, which further eliminates false positives. Third, from fragment mobilities we estimate the position of the mutation within the fragment; we find that this estimation is accurate to ±10 bp (data not shown). We use both the near certainty of a mutation being in the fragment and the mobility information to help in identifying the heterozygous changes. Other technologies have been applied to single test samples and have demonstrated high accuracy in detection of heterozygotes (Spiegelmanet al. 2000; Kwok 2001; Liet al. 2002). However, methods that simply report the presence of a migration or retention anomaly, such as single-strand conformational polymorphism, temperature-gradient capillary electrophoresis, and ...
Introduction The Turner SCUFA measures fluorescence and optional turbidity. The fluorescence channel is configured to detect either chlorophyll a (SCUFA II) or Rhodamine WT tracer dye (SCUFA III). Notes: 1. SCUFA I measures only chlorophyll a.
p,This chapter presents a general approach for the application of spatial intensity distribution analysis (SpIDA) to the pharmacodynamic quantification of receptor tyrosine kinase homodimerization in response to direct ligand activation or transactivation by G-protein-coupled receptors. Intensity histograms are generated from single fluorescence microscopy images. These histograms are then fit with Poissonian distributions to obtain density maps and quantal brightness values of the labeled proteins underlying the images. This approach allows resolving monomer/oligomer protein mixtures within subcellular compartments using conventional confocal laser scanning microscopy. The application of quantitative pharmacological analysis to data obtained using SpIDA provides a universal method for comparing studies between cell lines and receptor systems. In contrast to methods based on resonance energy transfer, SpIDA is suitable not only for use in recombinant systems but also for the characterization of ...
The elucidation of resistance mechanisms is of central importance to providing and maintaining efficient medical treatment. However, molecular detection methods covering the complete set of resistance genes with a single test are still missing. Here, we present a novel 100-plex assay based on padlock probes in combination with a microarray that allows the simultaneous large-scale identification of highly diverse beta-lactamases. The specificity of the assay was performed using 70 clinical bacterial isolates, recovering 98% of the beta-lactamase nucleotide sequences present. Additionally, the sensitivity was evaluated with PCR products and genomic bacterial DNA, revealing a detection limit of 10(4) DNA copies per reaction when using PCR products as the template. Pre-amplification of genomic DNA in a 25-multiplex PCR further facilitated the detection of beta-lactamase genes in dilutions of 10(7) cells/mL. In summary, we present an efficient, highly specific, and highly sensitive multiplex ...
Fig. 1 Zebrafish Neutrophils Are Marked by GFP Expression in the lyz-Green Line and Are Functionally Similar to Mammalian Neutrophils (A) Cartoon of the zebrafish at two developmental stages showing sites of primitive and definitive hematopoiesis (black arrows) and injection sites used in this study (red arrows). CHT, caudal hematopoietic tissue. (B) GFP-positive cells in lyz-green fish showing well-defined granules (black brackets). Scale bar, 10 μm. (C) Colocalization of GFP-expressing cells (black arrows) with Sudan black. Scale bar, 20 μm. (D) Individual fluorescence channels of a single image of the lyz-red mpx:gfp double transgenic larvae. Arrow identifies a cell with differential expression of the two transgenes. Scale bar, 20 μm. (E) DIC (top) and GFP fluorescence channel (bottom) of a single image of a lyz-green larva stained with neutral red. Macrophages, red arrows; neutrophil, green arrowhead; pigment cell, P. Scale bar, 20 μm. (F) Whole-mount in situ hybridization analysis of 48 ...
There are many ways to genotype nucleotide differences or changes in genome [11]. Currently available techniques that require a separation step include restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, single-nucleotide extension, oligonucleotide ligation, and direct sequencing. Additional methods, including pyrosequencing [12] and mass spectroscopy [13], are technically complex but can be automated for high-throughput analysis. Furthermore, real-time PCR-based assays that use high resolution melting (HRM) and probe-based systems, FRET probes, molecular beacons, or TaqMan probes have been adapted for continuous mutation detection of amplified products in a closed system. However, their capacity to discriminate DNA variants in the single nucleotide indel as well as SNP variant with single probe has not been examined until now. Furthermore, traditional probe systems that have been used in SNP detection use two or more fluorescence channels for one mutation loci. Thus even a wide range of mutation ...
Fig. 3 Cell morphology can be linked to transcriptional states.. (A) Representative images from RNA FISH analysis of THP-1 macrophages treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for IL1B (red) and NR3C1 (green) transcripts, as described in Materials and Methods. Bottom: Merged image of fluorescence channels and differential interference contrast images. (B) Quantification of cell size (arbitrary units) and eccentricity (0 = circle, 1 = ellipse) for cells with high expression of the indicated genes, as described in Materials and Methods. N indicates the number of cells analyzed. Data were acquired from two independent experiments. The red box plots represent data from IL1B-positive cells. White box plots represent data from cells with high expression (top 50%) of the genes indicated at the top of the panel. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunns multiple comparisons test. **P , 0.01; ***P , 0.001. a.u., arbitrary units; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; n.s., not ...
Rapid and accurate volumetric imaging remains a challenge, yet has the potential to enhance understanding of cell function. We developed and used a multifocal microscope (MFM) for 3D snapshot imaging to allow 3D tracking of insulin granules labeled with mCherry in MIN6 cells. MFM employs a special diffractive optical element (DOE) to simultaneously image multiple focal planes. This simultaneous acquisition of information determines the 3D location of single objects at a speed only limited by the array detectors frame rate. We validated the accuracy of MFM imaging/tracking with fluorescence beads; the 3D positions and trajectories of single fluorescence beads can be determined accurately over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. The 3D positions and trajectories of single insulin granules in a 3.2um deep volume were determined with imaging processing that combines 3D decovolution, shift correction, and finally tracking using the Imaris software package. We find that the motion of the ...
Cytokines are small cell signalling proteins that are important in the hosts immune system, specifically in the responses to infection, inflammation, trauma, etc. One of these cell signalling proteins is TNFa which is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is secreted by a variety of cells such as macrophages, lymphocytes and neurons. TNFa is involved in apaptotic cell death, fever induction and inflammation and recent studies have shown that dysregulation in TNFa production is engaged in various human diseases such as Alzheimers disease, cancer and diabetes. Although, cell signalling pathways are complex mechanisms that involve a reciprocity of many different cytokines in various time spans after activation, current cytokine detection techniques are often time consuming, expensive and lack the possibility of multiplex detection. Therefore, there is a need for cytokine detection techniques that allow a fast, easy and sensitive quantification and enable multiplex detection in real-time. A promising ...
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Variants of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 31 have been shown to be related both to risk of cervical lesions and racial composition of a population. It is largely undetermined whether variants differ in their likelihood of persistence. Study subjects were women who participated in the ASCUS-LSIL Triage Study and who had a newly detected HPV31 infection during a two-year follow-up with six-month intervals. HPV31 isolates were characterized by sequencing and assigned to one of three variant lineages. Loss of the newly detected HPV31 infection was detected in 76 (47.5%) of the 160 women (32/67 with A variants, 16/27 with B variants and 28/66 with C variants). The adjusted hazard ratio associating loss of the infection was 1.2 (95% CI, 0.72.1) for women with A variants and 2.1 (95% CI, 1.23.5) for women with B variants when compared with those with C variants. Infections with A and C variants were detected in 50 and 41 Caucasian women and in 15 and 23 African-American women, respectively. The ...
This project focuses on ultimately defining the structure of a soluble gamma-secretase modulator (SGSM)-bound gamma-secretase enzyme complex at high resolution. Defining the structure of this complex will provide critical information towards elucidating the mechanism of action of this promising ...
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Background: The tumor-stroma ratio (TSR) represents the percentage of neoplastic cell components compared to the combined area of neoplastic cells and the surrounding tumor-induced stroma. A low TSR (predomination of stromal component) has been demonstrated to be an independent adverse prognostic factor in cancers of several organs. In cervical carcinoma patients, TSR has been evaluated in only one previous study with different histological types. The present study aimed to assess the prognostic value of TSR in early stage cervical cancer patients with adenocarcinoma histology only. Materials and Methods: Histological slides of patients with early stage (IB-IIA) cervical adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment between January 2003 and December 2011 were reviewed. Patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy were excluded. TSR was categorized as low (,50%) and high (≥50%). Correlations between TSR and clinicopathological variables were evaluated. Prognostic values of TSR and ...
Efficient cleavage and probe versatility for highly-multiplex detection and co-localization. Modified Lightning Terminators™ provide a robust method for detecting multiple antigens from a single sample. Immunofluorescent detection of antigens in fixed tissue specimens and on immunoblots is used routinely in clinical practice and research laboratories, but current methods are limited to the detection of one to four antigens per tissue section or blot. Consequently, the detection of additional antigens requires multiple independent stains on separate sections and limits the co-localization of antigens on a single section. Whether in immunohistochemistry or immunoblotting, our photocleavable fluorescent labels (PCLs) provide advantages over current methods.. Highly Serial and Multiplex Detection. PCL technology uses our expertise in photocleavable chemistry to provide structures that can both efficiently bind to target antigens and rapidly cleave the dye reporter after exposure to UV light. The ...
The capability to perform multicolor, wide field-of-view (FOV) fluorescence microscopy imaging is important in screening and pathology applications. We developed a microscopic slide-imaging system that can achieve multicolor, wide FOV, fluorescence imaging based on the Talbot effect. In this system, a light-spot grid generated by the Talbot effect illuminates the sample. By tilting the excitation beam, the Talbot-focused spot scans across the sample. The images are reconstructed by collecting the fluorescence emissions that correspond to each focused spot with a relay optics arrangement. The prototype system achieved an FOV of 12 × 10 mm2 at an acquisition time as fast as 23 s for one fluorescence channel. The resolution is fundamentally limited by spot size, with a demonstrated full-width at half-maximum spot diameter of 1.2 μm. The prototype was used to nimage green fluorescent beads, double-stained human breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells, Giardia lamblia cysts, and the Cryptosporidium parvum ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of induction chemotherapy in invasive cervical cancer. AU - Park, Tchan Kyu. AU - Choi, Dong Hee. AU - Kim, Soo Nyung. AU - Lee, Chang Hoon. AU - Kim, YoungTae. AU - Kim, Gwi Eon. AU - Suh, Chang-Ok. AU - Loh, Juhn Kyu. PY - 1991/1/1. Y1 - 1991/1/1. N2 - The 386 cases of invasive cervical carcinoma treated with radiotherapy atone were statistically analyzed to delineate the high risk factors (HRFs) associated with a significantly high treatment failure rate; they were (1) stages III-IV, (2) lesion ≥4.0 cm, (3) small cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma, (4) stages I-II with lesion ≥4.0 cm, and (5) lymphographic evidence of nodal metastasis. Then, chemoradiotherapy (induction chemotherapy plus subsequent radiotherapy) was instituted to 113 invasive cervical carcinoma patients with at least one such HRF. Each patient received two to three cycles of induction chemotherapy at about 3-week intervals. For squamous cell carcinoma, cisplatin, 100 mg/m2 iv, was followed immediately ...
The invention provides compounds of formula (I) and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: wherein X is CH2, O or S. The compounds inhibit gamma secretase without affecting Notch signalling, and hence find use in the treatment or prevention of Alzheimers disease.
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Our focus is on developing small molecule therapies for patients living with rare and aggressive cancers through gamma secretase inhibitors.
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Rádio Transamérica was founded in 1973 in Recife (PE), by banker and enterpreneur Aloysio de Andrade Faria, then owner and president of Banco Real a...
Este programa ensina o conhecimento necessário para reconhecer e identificar espécies de peixes de recife comuns das Caraíbas, Indo-Pacífico e Mar Vermelho.
We observed the localization of the contractile proteins myosin, filamentous actin, alpha-actinin, tropomyosin, and vinculin in surface-activated, spreading human platelets using a single fluorescence staining procedure and conventional fluorescence microscopy. Myosin was distributed in a speckled pattern that extended radially from the granulomere. F-actin demonstrated cable-networks. Tropomyosin and alpha-actinin occurred in a punctuate distribution, and vinculin was localized at adhesion sites. Although myosin, F-actin, alpha-actinin, tropomyosin, and vinculin were not studied in resting platelets, our data support the idea that these contractile proteins are reorganized and reassembled in activated platelets during platelet function.
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a serious cause of morbidity among children in developed countries. The real impact of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on pneumococcal pneumonia is difficult to assess accurately. Children aged ≤16 years with clinical and radiological pneumonia were enrolled in a multicenter prospective study. Children aged ≤16 years admitted for a minor elective surgery was recruited as controls. Nasopharyngeal samples for PCR serotyping of S. pneumoniae were obtained in both groups. Informations on age, gender, PCV7 vaccination status, day care/school attendance, siblings, tobacco exposure were collected. In children with CAP (n=236), 54% of the nasopharyngeal swabs were PCR-positive for S. pneumoniae compared to 32% in controls (n=105) (p=0.003). Serotype 19A was the most common pneumococcal serotype carried in children with CAP (13%) and in controls (15%). Most common serotypes were non-vaccine types (39.4% for CAP and 47.1% for controls) and serotypes
In this study, we performed finite element method (FEM) simulations to optimize the configuration of gold nanorods (GNR) enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor and discovered its application for multiplex antigens detection. Our work analyzed the near-field coupling between the sensing film and GNR. By systematically study the effect of gold film thickness, GNR-to-film distance and GNR dimensions on SPR, it was found that for GNR width smaller than 40nm, length change in GNR brought about significant SPR wavelength shift on the sensor, while the sensor is insensitive for GNR-to-film distance. As an application, we adopted GNRs of width 20 nm and aspect ratios from 2 to 4 and demonstrated the concept of conjugating gold film and GNRs with anti-Immunoglobulin G (anti-IgG) antibodies for multiplex detection of various IgG proteins with more than 100nm separation on their SPR wavelengths ...
The as yet unfinished story of MPN pathogenesis begun RO4929097 with all the discovery of the JAK2 mutation; afterwards countless other mutations are found in chronic and blast phase of MPN, some involving JAKSTAT signaling activation, many others chromatin remodeling and many others leukemic transformation. Mutations by using a obtain of perform of JAK2, MPL, CBL and these by using a reduction of perform of LNK and NF1 activate the JAKSTAT pathway main to a last phenotype of MPN with alteration of immune response, irritation, angiogenesis, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. This pathway will be the target of new JAK2 inhibitors. JAK2 mutation, taking place inside of exon 14 of JAK2 and found on 9p24 is the most frequent mutation in MPN, ranging from roughly 96% in PV to 65% in ET and PMF. This mutation has an effect on the auto-inhibitory domain of JAK2 major to constitutive activation of JAK2 and JAK/STAT signaling. In retroviral mouse designs JAK2 confers a PV-like phenotype using a ...
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ICPLQuant has been developed to accurately quantify ICPL-labeled peptides on the MS level during LC-MALDI and peptide mass fingerprint experiments. The tool is able to generate a list of differentially regulated peptide precursors for subsequent MS/MS experiments, minimizing time consuming acquisition and interpretation of MS/MS data. ICPLQuant is based on two independent units. Unit 1 performs ICPL multiplex detection and quantification and proposes peptides to be identified by MS/MS. Unit 2 combines MASCOT MS/MS protein identification with the quantitative data and produces a protein/peptide list with all the relevant information accessible for further data mining.. ...
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There is growing concern that interventions that alter microbial ecology can adversely affect health. We characterised the impact of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on pneumococcal carriage and the bacterial component of the nasopharyngeal microbiome during infancy. Newborns were recruited into three groups as follows: Group1 (n = 33) was the control group and comprised infants who received PCV7 after 6 months and came from unvaccinated communities. Group 2 (n = 30) came from unvaccinated communities and Group 3 (n = 39) came from vaccinated communities. Both group 2 and 3 received PCV7 at 2, 3 and 4 months. Culture and 16 S rRNA gene sequencing were performed on nasopharyngeal specimens collected at regular intervals from infants. Nasopharyngeal carriage of PCV7 serotypes in Group 1 was significantly higher than in Group 2 and 3 (p | 0.01). However, pneumococcal carriage remained comparable due to an expansion of non-vaccine serotypes in Groups 2 and 3. Determination of
This past Saturday, it was Allisons 3rd Birthday. So, Liz and I set off to have the most extravagant party a 3 year old would enjoy. We had the party in the backyard of Lizs parents house, which is twice the size of ours (huge). Allie is really into Dora right now. There was Dora decorations and balloons, everywhere, on the house, plants, chairs, tables, cake and even a Dora piñata. On a side note, the makers of the piñatas no longer open by beating the cardboard object senseless, there are pull strings that the kids grab and yank. Much safer for all involved. There were about over 30 people, including kids. We had pizzas, chips, soda, a clear liquid that had no bubbles (water), fruit punch, juice boxes, veggies, fruit, 3 different kinds of salad, and the for mentioned Dora cake. I rented 4 tables with umbrellas, a tent to put the food under, and a helium tank. Not the small one.. that is far to small. I got the big guy that weights a good 75 pounds. The kids had a great time, played in the ...