The Human Genome Project (HGP), according to the National Human Genome Research Institute, was the international, collaborative research program formed to complete the mapping and understanding of all the genes of human beings. All our genes together are known as our genome.. Our hereditary material is the double helix of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which contains all human genes. DNA, in turn, is made up of four chemical bases, pairs of which form the rungs of the twisted, ladder-shaped DNA molecules. All genes are made up of stretches of these four bases, arranged in different ways and in different lengths.. During the HGP, researchers deciphered the human genome in three major ways: determining the order, or sequence, of all the bases in our genomes DNA; making maps that show the locations of genes for major sections of all our chromosomes; and producing what are called linkage maps through which inherited traits (such as those for genetic disease) can be tracked over ...

Thirty years ago, on October 1st 1990, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was officially launched. This project, conducted jointly by teams of American, European and Asian scientists, was one of the most ambitious enterprises ever envisioned to sequence and map out all the genes of members of our own species. It took almost 13 years to completely sequence the first genome. In the US, the National Human Genome Research (NHGRI) has been continuing to study genomics and research ethical and social issues related to genetic testing. The outcomes of the HGP have been extraordinary, ranging from the personal (discovering your familys national origin(s) or finding long lost cousins), to archeology (sequencing of ancient DNA), to health (genetic predisposition to diseases), to forensics (solving cold cases through DNA matching).. In 2020, EAS decided to participate in the celebration by inviting Dr. Eric Green*, the director of NHGRI, to deliver the keynote lecture (Monday Nov 16th, 1PM EST). We thought ...

Arizona Summer Wildcat The end of many genetic diseases could come in the next 40 Top UA medical researchers said they are excited about new possibilities the Human Genome Project will open up now that it is near completion. The completed gene sequences will allow revolutionary research into cancer, leukemia and other gene related research, said Jay Hoying, assistant professor of biomedical engineering. A primary focus of the research being done in his department is angio-genisis, the development of new blood vessels. Preventing the development of blood vessels could be a new route to fighting cancer, Hoying said. The focus is in designing imaging implants to find developing vessels, he said. The theory - which is in its preliminary stages - is that if the developing vessels can be targeted, there should be a way to shut down genes in that vessel. This would cut off the blood flow and kill the cancerous cells without harsh treatments. While completion of the project is only a preliminary step ...

Please choose from the following list of questions for information about the Human Genome Project.. Choose a topic or view all topics on one page.. ...

Despite the increasingly prevalent role of genetics in health research, driven by advances in genomic technologies, we see little integration of genetic research and genetic services into Indigenous health in Australia. This lags significantly behind other developed nations such as the United States and Canada who have utilised genomic information and research in driving Indigenous health policy.7. Until recently, collection of biobank samples and subsequent genetic research has not been an area of focus in Indigenous health, highlighted by the lack of relevant publications in this field. Even now it generates a level of apprehension in Indigenous communities founded not only in the exploitive nature of our colonial past but uncertainties over data sharing and ownership rights.8,9. Early population‐based studies such as the Human Genome Diversity Project in the 1990s aimed to explore genetic diversity of the human species by sequencing Indigenous populations.10 Labelled the vampire project ...

SAN FRANCISCO (WebMD) -- Ninety percent of the blueprint of human beings, the Human Genome Project, will be finished by the spring of 2000, much earlier than the original goal of 2005, according to Dr. Francis Collins, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Collins spoke on Thursday at an American Medical Association media briefing in San Francisco. Implications for research The Human Genome Project (HGP), started in 1990 as a 15-year program, is coordinated by the Department of Energy and the NIH. Its goal is to identify all of the 80,000 genes in human DNA, as well as to develop tools to analyze the 3 billion pairs of chemical bases of which DNA is made. A genome is a map of all the DNA in an organism. Genetic analysis will enable doctors to screen people for serious diseases including cancer and heart disease, as well as to diagnose and treat these conditions. The HGP will also help researchers to understand why these diseases, ...

International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG) The first society founded to promote the use of DNA testing in genealogy! With links to a wealth of genetic genealogy tools and information. Contexo.Info A website about the foundations of molecular genetics and biology. An excellent site for those who are looking for more details on DNA. Time to Most Recent Common Ancestry Calculator by Bruce Walsh The goal is to use genetic markers (here on the Y chromosome) to estimate the TMRCA, the Time to the Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA), which is how many generations the two Y chromosomes are from a common ancestor. This site explains the various models used to determine TMRCA. The National Human Genome Research Institute The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) created the Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms to help people without scientific backgrounds understand the terms and concepts used in genetic research. Human Genome Project Information The Human Genome Project (HGP) is an ...

How is Human Genome Research Centre (French) abbreviated? GENETHON stands for Human Genome Research Centre (French). GENETHON is defined as Human Genome Research Centre (French) somewhat frequently.

minor quibble: the innovation patents are supposed to encourage is the original innovation (in this case the sequencing of the human genome) not follow-on innovations. The original idea was that by being able to profit from their innovation, inventors would be encouraged to try to invent new things. (incidentally, there has also been mention of moral rights- the moral rights argument boils down to it being unfair that B can profit from invention I when it was inventor A who first came up with it. Independent Invention is all well and fine, but there is the issue of proof. who should have the burden of proof? (I would guess the person claiming independent invention- its similar to Fair Use in that respect ...

The Chimpanzee Genome Project is an effort to determine the DNA sequence of the Chimpanzee genome. It is expected that by comparing the genomes of humans and other apes, it will be possible to better understand what makes humans distinct from other species from a genetic perspective. It will also aid in the study of diseases that affect (or, conversely, do not affect) various primate species. Human and chimpanzee chromosomes are very similar. The primary difference is that humans have one fewer pair of chromosomes than do other great apes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes and other great apes have 24 pairs of chromosomes. In the human evolutionary lineage, two ancestral ape chromosomes fused at their telomeres, producing human chromosome 2. There are nine other major chromosomal differences between chimpanzees and humans: chromosome segment inversions on human chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 9, 12, 15, 16, 17, and 18. After the completion of the Human genome project, a common chimpanzee genome project ...

More than 15 years have passed since work began sequencing the 2.85 billion nucleotides of the human genome. While the draft sequence was published in Nature in 2001, researchers at the Human Genome Project continued to fill the gaps and subject individual chromosomes to ever more detailed analyses.. Now Nature presents the complete and comprehensive DNA sequence of the human genome as a freely available resource, plus new commentary by NHGRI Director Francis S. Collins, past Department of Energy Director Aristides Patrinos and former director of the Sanger Centre John Sulston, among others.. Among the four sponsors for the Collection, NHGRI joined the U.S. Department of Energy, the Wellcome Trust and corporate sponsor Applied Biosystems in funding the creation of this issue. Nature carries sole responsibility for all editorial content.. Go to: Human Genome Collection. ...

BibliographyArizona Forestry Division (2004 . Mt . Lemmon wildland-urban interface plan for forest health wildland fire management . Retrieved may 12 , 2007 from Arizona chew up Land Department weathervane land point hypertext impart protocol / entanglement .azsf .az .gov /Risk /MtLemmonCWPP .pdfEwoldsen , M (2005 , June 3 . Chapter 5 : humour and mundane biodiversity . Retrieved may 12 , 2007 , from La Canada merged School territorial dominion weathervane site : hypertext enthral protocol /network .lcusd .net /lchs /mewoldsenHerring , D (n .d . The cytosine cycle . Retrieved whitethorn 12 , 2007 , from home(a) Aeronautics and quadriceps Administration meshwork site http /earthobservatory .nasa .gov /Library / ascorbic acidCycle p Herzog , H (n .d . Carbon trance and requisition form technologies technology overvi ew . Retrieved may 12 , 2007 , from Massachusetts represent of Technology wind vane site http /sequestration .mit .edu /technology_overview /index .htmlHerzog , H Golomb , D (2004 . ...

The recipient of the inaugural Inamori Ethics Prize, Francis S. Collins, who has led the Human Genome Project since 1993, will give a lecture at 1 p.m., September 4 and then will team with Case Western Reserve University faculty in a symposium on issues involving leadership, moral code and the human genome project.. These events will take place in Severance Hall as part of Case Western Reserves first Inamori Center for Ethics and Excellence prize ceremonies. The lecture and symposium are free and open to the public and will include a question-and-answer period with the audience. Joining Collins in the symposium and conversation will be Cynthia Beall, Ph.D., the S. Idell Pyle Professor of Anthropology and professor of anatomy and global health at Case Western Reserve; Eric Juengst, Ph.D., professor of bioethics at the Case Western Reserve School of Medicine and director of the universitys Center for Genetic Research Ethics and Law; and Georgia Wiesner, M.D., associate professor of genetics and ...

Bethesda, Md., Wed., August 20, 2008 - The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), today awarded more than $20 million in grants to develop innovative sequencing technologies inexpensive and efficient enough to sequence a persons DNA as a routine part of biomedical research and health care. The ability to sequence any individuals genome inexpensively and accurately is the quantum leap needed to usher in an age of personalized medicine, in which healthcare providers will routinely use an individuals genetic code to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases, said Alan E. Guttmacher, M.D., acting director of the National Human Genome Research Institute. DNA sequencing costs have fallen dramatically over the past decade, fueled in large part by tools, technologies and process improvements developed as part of the Human Genome project, which culminated in 2003 with the successful effort to sequence the human genome. NHGRI subsequently ...

NHGRI is devoted to advancing health through genome research. The Institute led NIHs contribution to the Human Genome Project, which was successfully completed in 2003 ahead of schedule and under budget. Building on the foundation laid by the sequencing of the human genome, NHGRIs work now encompasses a broad range of research aimed at expanding understanding of human

The competitors in the race to finish sequencing the human genome came together June 26, 2000 to declare victory and to predict the dawning of a new age in the way medical care is delivered. J. Craig Venter, PhD, president and chief scientific officer of Celera Genomics, appeared at a press conference in Washington DC with his competitors, Francis Collins, MD, PhD, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, and Ari Patrinos, PhD, associate director for biological and environmental research at the US Department of Energy. Members of the public genome consortium described their completion of a working draft of the genome. Dr Venter announced that Celera had completed its first assembly of the genome. International partners in the genome project, notably the Sanger Center in Great Britain, announced the completion of the working draft in London.. Ten years ago, the Human Genome Project began when the first pilot sequencing centers were named across the nation. At that time, genome ...

The National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) led the National Institutes of Healths contribution to the International Human Genome Project, which had as its primary goal the sequencing of the human genome. This project was successfully completed in April 2003. NHGRIs mission has expanded to encompass a broad range of studies aimed at understanding the structure and function of the human genome and its role in health and disease. NHGRI supports the development of resources and technology that will accelerate genome research and its application to human health. A critical part of the NHGRI mission continues to be the study of the ethical, legal and social implications of genome research. NHGRI also supports the training of investigators and the dissemination of genome information to the public and to health professionals. Review Date: Wednesday, July 20, 2011 List reviewed web resources ...

Laureates Work Has Great Impact on Human Genome Project Research. Phillip Sharp (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Richard Roberts (formerly Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, now New England Biolabs) were jointly awarded the 1993 Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology for their 1977 work on gene splicing. Sharp served on the Program Advisory Committee of the NIH National Center for Human Genome Research from 1988 to 1991.. Working independently, Sharp and Roberts discovered that genes in eukaryotic cells are distributed among widely spaced segments separated by introns (DNA segments that have no apparent protein message); about 99% of human genes are believed to share this structure. In a dramatic change from commonly accepted theories, human genes were thus shown to differ markedly from often-studied bacterial genes, which run continuously along the DNA strand. Research indicates that some introns have persisted for a billion years, and even though they do not carry translatable code, ...

Jiahao Wu, a graduate student in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Louisiana State University, is working on one groundbreaking innovation to reading the human genome, a process known as nanoscale DNA sequencing, under the guidance of award-winning Professor Dr. Steven Soper. Wu believes that cheap microchips equipped with tiny channels, channels small enough to allow single DNA molecules to be manipulated and analyzed individually, could revolutionize point-of-care genetic testing.. Nano-scale DNA sequencing could potentially be much cheaper and faster than conventional methods, allowing researchers to read parts of the human genome in seconds instead of hours. Faster and cheaper approaches to DNA sequencing are of vast importance in genetic studies and personalized medicine, especially in developing countries.. DNA sequencing involves determining the order of DNA bases - A, G, C, or T - like four different colored pearls, along a string of DNA. Sequencing technologies have ...

Some see Celeras decision to exit the sequence business as proof of the adage that information wants to be free, and yet another sign that selling access to data is no longer a viable business model. The trend is perfectly clear. It would be surprising to find any company setting up a business plan that was based on a subscription database of precompetitive information, says Francis Collins, director of the National Human Genome Research Institute and leader of the Human Genome Project, Celeras publicly funded rival in the race to sequence the human genome ...

Since the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, it is estimated that more than 200,000 individual whole human genomes have been sequenced. A stunning accomplishment in such a short period of time. However, most of these were sequenced without experimental haplotype data and are therefore missing an important aspect of genome biology. In addition, much of the genomic data is not available to the public and lacks phenotypic information. As part of the Personal Genome Project, blood samples from 184 participants were collected and processed using Complete Genomics Long Fragment Read technology. Here, we present the experimental whole genome haplotyping and sequencing of these samples to an average read coverage depth of 100X. This is approximately three-fold higher than the read coverage applied to most whole human genome assemblies and ensures the highest quality results. Currently, 114 genomes from this dataset are freely available in the GigaDB repository and are associated with rich ...

Milestone crossed on the 15th anniversary of the completion of the Human Genome Project, as the worldwide estimate for whole human genomes sequenced approaches one million

Lisa Belkin article on J Craig Venter and his shortcut approach to deciphering the human genome; Venter and his company, Celera Genomics, promise to sequence the entire human genome in less time and for less money that it will take the federally funded Human Genome Project; Venters technique raises concern in scientific community about the quality of his results, and commercial nature of Celeras venture raises fears that noncommercial research will be stifled; photos (L)

The first methods for sequencing DNA were developed in the mid-1970s (Strausberg et al. 2008). The sequencing efforts were labor-intensive, slow, and costly (Metzker, 2005). As a result, researchers could sequence only a few base pairs per year. By the time the human genome project began in 1990, only a few researchers were able to sequence 100,000 bases (Shendure et al. 2004). Sequencing of large numbers of samples required complex automations in order to obtain high throughput consistent quality (Metzker, 2005). Since then, improved sequencing technologies have allowed the field of genomics to evolve. Exciting new DNA sequencing technologies has lead to the sequencing of many microbial genomes and higher eukaryotes genomes (Metzker, 2005). These technological improvements have not only increased speed, but are also cost effective. Several platforms were discovered and are based on different principles that have differences in sequence read lengths and numbers (Marguerat et al. 2008). New ...

Join us for our 2nd annual symposium and workshop on the ethical, legal and social implications of learning health systems (ELSI-LHS).. The University of Michigan is a forerunner in a national charge to configure a health system that can continuously learn from the knowledge it generates, and an upcoming symposium will guide efforts, small and sweeping, to share data and knowledge responsibly. The symposium on the Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Learning Health Systems (ELSI-LHS) will be held Nov. 15 at Palmer Commons.. This years focus will be on data and knowledge sharing.. The symposium will lay out the ELSI of data sharing and translation in learning health systems that strive to be both FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) and fair. The day will also include an interactive workshop to address critical issues on data and knowledge sharing.. ...

George McDonald Church studied DNA from living and from extinct species in the US during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Church helped to develop and refine techniques with which to describe the complete sequence of all the DNA nucleotides in an organisms genome, techniques such as multiplex sequencing, polony sequencing, and nanopore sequencing. Church also contributed to the Human Genome Project, and in 2005 he helped start a company, the Personal Genome Project. Church proposed to use DNA from extinct species to clone and breed new organisms from those species.. Format: Articles Subject: People, Technologies ...

George McDonald Church studied DNA from living and from extinct species in the US during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Church helped to develop and refine techniques with which to describe the complete sequence of all the DNA nucleotides in an organisms genome, techniques such as multiplex sequencing, polony sequencing, and nanopore sequencing. Church also contributed to the Human Genome Project, and in 2005 he helped start a company, the Personal Genome Project. Church proposed to use DNA from extinct species to clone and breed new organisms from those species.. Format: Articles Subject: People, Technologies ...

Prof Loftus completed a PhD in the molecular biology of Prion disease in UCD in 1996. He then went on to work as a post-doc in the former institute for genomics research (TIGR) now the J. Craig Venter Institute on the human genome project. He then went on to work in the Bioinformatics department as an analyst on a variety of bacterial genome projects and HMM based protein classification projects ...

Human Genome Project. (March 26, 2008). 1 May 2008. ,http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/project/info.shtml,.. Orgel, L.E., and F.H. Crick. Selfish DNA: The Ultimate Parasite. Nature 284 (1980): 604-07.. Verstrepen, Kevin J., Todd B. Reynolds, and Gerald R. Fink. Origins of Variation in the Fungal Cell Surface. Nat Rev Micro 2.7 (2004): 533-40.. Verstrepen, Kevin, et al. Intragenic Tandem Repeats Generate Functional Variability. Nat Genet 37.9 (2005): 986-90.. John, B. Heterochromatin Molecular and Structural Aspects. Ed. R.S. Verma: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 1-147.. Wyman, A.R., and R. White. A Highly Polymorphic Locus in Human DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 77.11 (1980): 6754-8.. Thomas, Elizabeth E. Short, Local Duplications in Eukaryotic Genomes. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 15 (2005): 640-44.. Csink, A.K., and S. Henikoff. Something from Nothing: The Evolution and Utility of Satellite Repeats. Trends Genet 14.5 (1998): 200-4.. Blackburn, E.H., ...

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Like real estate, gene expression is all about location, location, location - and a team of University of Central Florida researchers has just helped create a colored genetic map that doctors studying cancer can use to figure out how the disease works.. Engineering associate professor Shaojie Zhang and graduate student Ardalan Naseri created a software program that mines the human genome for certain chromosomal-specific repeated sequences. The human genome is full of repeating patterns and while researchers know a lot about certain patterns and their biological functions, much remains unknown.. UCFs team has designed a reliable software pipeline to find those repeated sequences that a University of Massachusetts Medical School team then used to start creating a color map to figure out exactly where chromosomes are within the human cells nucleus - a mysterious and very tight-knit community. While the human genome project in 2001 revealed the human bodys blueprint, how each part of that ...

Human genome research. Genethon scientist uses a light microscope & video monitor to examine lymphoblastoid cell lines (white blood cell lines), recovered from families whose members suffer from the various inherited diseases, including muscular dystrophy.

The stored 5.3 billion base pairs represent 2.58 billion base pairs of unique sequence which have been calculated to cover about 81 percent of an estimated genome size of 3.18 billion base pairs. These data, combined with all of the finished and draft human genome sequence data from the public databases, give Celera coverage of 90 percent of the human genome. The companys sequencing was performed on 300 PE Biosystems ABI Prism 3700 DNA Analysers.. The whole genome shotgun technique concentrates on sequencing the entire genome at once, allowing for real time discovery of human genes across the entire genome, according to J. Craig Venter, Ph.D., who is Celeras president and chief scientific officer. The early phase of sequencing the human genome using the whole genome shotgun process is especially important for gene discovery. Today, we are rapidly coming to an end of that phase. Our statistical analysis and comparison to known genes suggest that more than 97 percent of all human genes are ...

The genetic basis of interindividual differences in drug responses, such as efficacy, dose requirements and adverse events are the focus of pharmacogenomics. Over the past 10 years, since the completion of the Human Genome Project, research in pharmacogenomics has grown and evolved from a candidate-gene approach to genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Recently, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies aim to identify the possible contribution of genetic polymorphisms with low minor allele frequencies to complex diseases and pharmacogenomics. As drug response phenotypes are multifactorial and multigenic, novel approaches are required to unravel the complex interactions among the multiple genes and the environment, which can be associated to adverse reactions or drug response efficacy. Regarding candidate-gene approaches to pharmacogenetics, either single-locus or haplotype analyses are mostly conducted in order to test the association of genotypes or the combination

Five reasons why my theory on the function of junk DNA is better than theirs. I intend to submit the paper below for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Before submitting it, and have it reviewed by a handful (if that) of peers, I decided to post it here on the Blogosphere Preprint Server.. The ENCODE project has produced high quality and valuable data. There is no question about that. Also, the micro-interpretation of data was fair. The problem was with the macro-interpretation of the results, which some consider to be the most important part of the scientific process. Apparently, the leaders of the ENCODE project agreed with this criterion, as they came out with one of the most startling biological paradigm since, well, since the Human Genome Project has shown that the DNA sequences coding for proteins and functional RNA, including those having well defined regulatory functions (e.g. promoters, enhancers), comprise less than 2% of the human genome.. According to ENCODEs big science ...

A major improvement of the newly assembled genome over the first is in the size of the contig N50. This is the average length of the set of sequences assembled to form the genome. It is a yardstick to measure the quality of the assembled genome. The newly assembled genome of the domesticated apple by Li et al. has a contig N50 of 111.6 kbp, which is seven fold improvement over the first (16.9 bp). Other information obtained from the genome sequence analysis include 53,922 protein coding genes which doubles that reported from the human genome project and 2,765 non-coding RNA genes. The resultant genome which is 632.4 MB is nearly 90% of the estimated genome ...

Bio-Inspired Algorithms in Bioinformatics I: 10.4018/978-1-59904-849-9.ch037: Large worldwide projects like the Human Genome Project, which in 2003 successfully concluded the sequencing of the human genome, and the recently terminated

Frantz Fanon, A Dying Colonialism. The conquest of woman and reproduction is at the core of the old Empire-this new land was to be taken, raped, and made to give birth to a new economy. The new Empire of bio-colonialism is replaying the same tale. Only this time Christopher Columbus has planted his flag not on the beach of the Indigenous lands he accidentally discovered but on their genes. Now the flag waves deep in the pleats of matter. The fast-forward future is now a rewinding of the past into the present of post-genomic profits.. The Human Genome Project and genetic research generally, raises serious issues of concern to indigenous peoples, states Debra Harry, Executive Director of the Indigenous Peoples Council on Bio-colonialism. She says, Now that the sequencing project is complete more scientists will turn their attention to human genetic diversity, which includes the collection and study of the DNA of indigenous peoples. This is likely to result in patents on the genetic ...

Frantz Fanon, A Dying Colonialism. The conquest of woman and reproduction is at the core of the old Empire-this new land was to be taken, raped, and made to give birth to a new economy. The new Empire of bio-colonialism is replaying the same tale. Only this time Christopher Columbus has planted his flag not on the beach of the Indigenous lands he accidentally discovered but on their genes. Now the flag waves deep in the pleats of matter. The fast-forward future is now a rewinding of the past into the present of post-genomic profits.. The Human Genome Project and genetic research generally, raises serious issues of concern to indigenous peoples, states Debra Harry, Executive Director of the Indigenous Peoples Council on Bio-colonialism. She says, Now that the sequencing project is complete more scientists will turn their attention to human genetic diversity, which includes the collection and study of the DNA of indigenous peoples. This is likely to result in patents on the genetic ...

Sequence - Evolution - Function is an introduction to the computational approaches that play a critical role in the emerging new branch of biology known as functional genomics. The book provides the reader with an understanding of the principles and approaches of functional genomics and of the potential and limitations of computational and experimental approaches to genome analysis. Key topics covered in this textbook are: *the completed and ongoing genome sequencing projects, *databases that store and organize genomic data, with their unique advantages and pitfalls, *principles and methods of genome analysis and annotation, *ways to automate the searches and increase search sensitivity while minimizing the error rate, *the first lessons from the Human Genome Project, *the contribution of comparative genomics to the understanding of hereditary diseases and cancer, *fundamental and practical applications of comparative genomics, *the use of complete genomes for evolutionary analysis, *the application of

Sequence - Evolution - Function is an introduction to the computational approaches that play a critical role in the emerging new branch of biology known as functional genomics. The book provides the reader with an understanding of the principles and approaches of functional genomics and of the potential and limitations of computational and experimental approaches to genome analysis. Key topics covered in this textbook are: *the completed and ongoing genome sequencing projects, *databases that store and organize genomic data, with their unique advantages and pitfalls, *principles and methods of genome analysis and annotation, *ways to automate the searches and increase search sensitivity while minimizing the error rate, *the first lessons from the Human Genome Project, *the contribution of comparative genomics to the understanding of hereditary diseases and cancer, *fundamental and practical applications of comparative genomics, *the use of complete genomes for evolutionary analysis, *the application of

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Time of flight mass spectrometry of DNA laser-ablated from frozen aqueous solutions: applications to the Human Genome Project. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Do intellectual property (IP) rights on existing technologies hinder subsequent innovation? Using newly-collected data on the sequencing of the human genome by the public Human Genome Project and the private firm Celera, this paper estimates the impact of Celeras gene-level IP on subsequent scientific research and product development. Genes initially sequenced by Celera were held with IP for up to two years, but moved into the public domain once re-sequenced by the public effort. Across a range of empirical specifications, I find evidence that Celeras IP led to reductions in subsequent scientific research and product development on the order of 20 to 30 percent. Taken together, these results suggest that Celeras short-term IP had persistent negative effects on subsequent innovation relative to a counterfactual of Celera genes having always been in the public domain. ...

1 See 2013 Wis. Act 20, §§ 1905 & ff.. 2 Maryland v. King, 133 S. Ct. 1958 (2013).. 3 Kristine Barlow-Stewart, The Human Genetic Code - the Human Genome Project and Beyond (Fact Sheet 24) (Centre for Genetics Education, June 2012), available at www.genetics.edu.au.. 4 See National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms, entry for DNA (www.genome.gov/glossary) (last visited May 16, 2013).. 5 Wisconsin Dept of Justice, Crime Laboratory Bureau, Physical Evidence Handbook 57-58 (8th ed. 2009), available at https://wilenet.org/html/crime-lab/physevbook/index.html (last visited May 17, 2013); see also DNA Analysis Unit, https://wilenet.org/html/crime-lab/analysis/dna-analysis.html (last visited May 16, 2013).. 6 Glossary of Genetic Terms, supra note 4, entry for DNA Fingerprinting; DNA Analysis Unit, supra note 5.. 7 The statutes authorizing DNA collection and analysis typically do not prohibit complete sequencing of genomes from the ...

1 See 2013 Wis. Act 20, §§ 1905 & ff.. 2 Maryland v. King, 133 S. Ct. 1958 (2013).. 3 Kristine Barlow-Stewart, The Human Genetic Code - the Human Genome Project and Beyond (Fact Sheet 24) (Centre for Genetics Education, June 2012), available at www.genetics.edu.au.. 4 See National Institutes of Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms, entry for DNA (www.genome.gov/glossary) (last visited May 16, 2013).. 5 Wisconsin Dept of Justice, Crime Laboratory Bureau, Physical Evidence Handbook 57-58 (8th ed. 2009), available at https://wilenet.org/html/crime-lab/physevbook/index.html (last visited May 17, 2013); see also DNA Analysis Unit, https://wilenet.org/html/crime-lab/analysis/dna-analysis.html (last visited May 16, 2013).. 6 Glossary of Genetic Terms, supra note 4, entry for DNA Fingerprinting; DNA Analysis Unit, supra note 5.. 7 The statutes authorizing DNA collection and analysis typically do not prohibit complete sequencing of genomes from the ...

BACs are now being utilized to a greater extent in modelling genetic diseases, often alongside transgenic mice. BACs have been useful in this field as complex genes may have several regulatory sequences upstream of the encoding sequence, including various promoter sequences that will govern a genes expression level. BACs have been used to some degree of success with mice when studying neurological diseases such as Alzheimers disease or as in the case of aneuploidy associated with Down syndrome. There have also been instances when they have been used to study specific oncogenes associated with cancers. They are transferred over to these genetic disease models by electroporation/transformation, transfection with a suitable virus or microinjection. BACs can also be utilized to detect genes or large sequences of interest and then used to map them onto the human chromosome using BAC arrays. BACs are preferred for these kind of genetic studies because they accommodate much larger sequences without ...

A glaring difference between the public and private efforts was the availability of data generated. In 1996, researchers involved in the Human Genome Project from around the world met in Bermuda to discuss how best to release the massive amounts of data, which they had previously agreed should be publicly available.. A hallmark of the public effort is that we pledged to distribute the data right away, said Myers. This was before the Internet, so we released information on floppy discs - on a nightly basis for a while. We were committed to this because genome projects are expensive, community projects and the public deserves to have access to the outcome. Im very proud to have participated in an effort that said from day one these data are for everyone. It would have been terrible to allow a kind of data land grab, where individual labs withheld information on particular sequences.. This open collaboration and sharing of ideas was evident during the snowy days at Alta.. We spent a lot of ...

For its Recovery Act Signature Project, NHGRI selected the development of technologies that can sequence a human genome for $1,000 or less. NHGRI leadership thinks that truly inexpensive genomic sequencing will revolutionize health and medicine, and Recovery Act funding will accelerate the Institutes research program in this area.. The success of the Human Genome Project was made possible by significant reductions in DNA sequencing costs that were fueled in large part by tools, technologies and process improvements developed as a result of NHGRI funding. To continue its efforts to make sequencing a routine tool in both research and medicine, NHGRI subsequently launched two programs, in 2004, to further accelerate the development of sequencing technologies and reduce the cost of sequencing. The goal of the first program - to produce high-quality sequence of the amount of DNA found in a human genome for $100,000 - has already been achieved. Ultimately, NHGRIs vision is to cut the cost of ...

David Botstein, Princeton Universitys Anthony B. Evnin 62 Professor of Genomics and director of the Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, is a recipient of the 2013 Warren Alpert Foundation Prize in recognition for his work that helped establish a framework for the Human Genome Project. Botstein shares the $250,000 prize with Stanford University School of Medicine faculty members Ronald Davis and David Hogness. In 1980, Botstein and Davis published a conceptual breakthrough that gave researchers the tools to trace and map out the genetic inheritance of disease in humans. Hogness work provided the means of identifying the precise physical location of genes of interest on chromosomes. The recipients will be honored at a symposium on Thursday, Oct. 3, at Harvard Medical School.

Following the completion of the human genome project, the high demand for low-cost sequencing has given rise to a number of high-throughput, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. These new sequencing platforms allow high-throughput sequencing for a wide range of applications such as: |br /| |ul| |li|Whole genome sequencing as de novo or resequencing|/li| |li|Targeted resequencing|/li| |li|Transcriptome profiling|/li| |li|Microbiome research|/li| |li|Gene regulation studies |/li| |/ul|

Following the completion of the human genome project, the high demand for low-cost sequencing has given rise to a number of high-throughput, next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies. These new sequencing platforms allow high-throughput sequencing for a wide range of applications such as: |br /> |ul> |li>Whole genome sequencing as de novo or resequencing|/li> |li>Targeted resequencing|/li> |li>Transcriptome profiling|/li> |li>Microbiome research|/li> |li>Gene regulation studies |/li> |/ul>

Recombinant DNA, Third Edition, is an essential text for undergraduate, graduate, and professional courses in Genomics, Cell and Molecular Biology, Recombinant DNA, Genetic Engineering, Human Genetics, Biotechnology, and Bioinformatics. The Third Edition of this landmark text offers an authoritative, accessible, and engaging introduction to modern, genome-centered biology from its foremost practitioners. The new edition explores core concepts in molecular biology in a contemporary inquiry-based context, building its coverage around the most relevant and exciting examples of current research and landmark experiments that redefined our understanding of DNA. As a result, students learn how working scientists make real high-impact discoveries. The first chapters provide an introduction to the fundamental concepts of genetics and genomics, an inside look at the Human Genome Project, bioinformatic and experimental techniques for large-scale genomic studies, and a survey of epigenetics and RNA ...

Life science in the 21st century started with the end of the Human Genome Project and has extended its field to post genome and next generation post genome studies. The reagents that are used for the research require further refinement and diversification. This page introduces life science research reagents that are used worldwide in academic laboratories as well as in pharmaceutical and biotech industries. TCI presents our original lanthanide fluorescent labeling reagents and the antibody. We also offer a variety of reagents, such as the chromogenic enzyme substrates, biochemical substances, and antioxidants. Topics Reserach Article Current Status of Drug development against the Novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 Fluorescent Organosilica Nanoparticle: Organosilica FITC 100nm Fluorescence Probes for Detection Sialylated N-Glycan Series, Functionally-modified at the Reducing End Antivirals for Research and Experimental Use Video Showing How to Use CUBIC Reagents for Animal Tissue-Clearing Sulfated Hyaluronic

Everyone is born with a few hundred genetic typos studded throughout their genome. Most of these are inconsequential. But for a person with an unexplained genetic disease, these glitches could hold the answers to their mysterious condition. A new software tool, developed by Raony Cardenas and colleagues at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Brazil, could help doctors to pinpoint which genetic glitch is responsible for a patients disease, according to a study published in PLoS Computational Biology. Since the Human Genome Project announced it had decoded the 3.2 billion chemical letters of our genome in 2003, the price of genome sequencing has plummeted. Hospitals now regularly sequence patients exomes - the roughly 1% of our genome that carries instructions for making proteins - in search of mutations that could explain diseases. The challenge for all health professionals is to glean robust and meaningful information from that data, says clinical geneticist Sue White from the ...

Our knowledge and understanding of the genetic influences on common disease risk and therapeutic efficacy of pharmacologic agents has increased dramatically in the past decade. Since the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, genomics research has exploded, yielding an evergrowing number of genomic variants that are associated with an individuals risk for a disease or their response to a medication. This began in earnest with the development of high-throughput genotyping technology and the subsequent success of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in identifying large numbers of genomic variants with potential clinical utility. The most common genetic variations among people are single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (snips). Each SNP denotes a difference in a single nucleotide. For example, in a stretch of DNA, a SNP may replace the nucleotide adenine (A) with guanine (G). A phenotype is an observable or measurable characteristic of an individual, such as height, weight, blood ...

one of four federal agencies involved in the BRAIN Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies initiative Following in the ambitious footsteps of the Human Genome Project the BRAIN initiative seeks to create a dynamic map of the brain in action a goal that requires the development of new technologies The BRAIN initiative working group which outlined the broad scope of the ambitious project was co chaired by Rockefeller s Cori Bargmann head of the Laboratory of Neural Circuits and Behavior Stanley s grant for 1 26 million over three years is one of 58 projects to get BRAIN grants the NIH announced The NIH s plan for its part of this national project which has been pitched as America s next moonshot calls for 4 5 billion in federal funds over 12 years BRAIN control The new technology uses radio waves to activate or silence cells remotely The bright spots above represent cells with increased calcium after treatment with radio waves a change that would allow neurons to fire The ...

The NIH Molecular Libraries Program (MLP) was founded to translate the discoveries of the Human Genome Project into therapeutics through a network of high-throughput screening (HTS) centers. A decade of discovery produced hundreds of probes - highly selective small molecules that modulate cellular function - but centralized compound screening bears the same cost and infrastructure burdens of millennial DNA sequencing centers, which has limited access to the technology and, more significantly, the rate of small molecule discovery. We are building a next-generation distributable drug discovery platform analogous to next-generation DNA sequencing. We have developed DNA-encoded solid-phase synthesis strategies to produce ultra-miniaturized compound libraries where each microscopic bead displays many copies of a small molecule library member and a corresponding amplifiable DNA that that encodes the structure. In parallel, we engineered microfluidic instrumentation for miniaturizing automated ...

A report by Dr Andrew Bartlett, Sociologist from the University of Sheffield. Last November, I visited the Wellcome Trust Genome Campus to attend the Epigenomics of Common Disease conference. I hadnt been to the campus in years, not since my PhD research on the organisation of the Human Genome Project, and again I was there to do research. This time to study epigenetics; as a body of knowledge, as a research community, as a source of claims about what the future might hold.. How epigenetics sheds new light on the link between health inequalities and socioeconomic status. I have a background in genetics and am one of a team of sociologists working on a Leverhulme Trust funded project, How Does Inequality Get Under The Skin? Epigenetics, health disparities and the making of public policy with Dr Vincent Cunliffe, Professor Paul Martin, Professor Sue White, Dr Maurizio Meloni (all Sheffield) and Professor Dave Wastell (Nottingham).. We are interested in the way epigenetics sheds new light on ...

Centromeres are specialized chromatin structures that are required for cell division. The composition of these regions is complex, as they are made up of a series of tandem repeats that are arranged into nearly identical multi-megabase arrays. The size and repetitive nature of these regions mean they are typically not represented in reference assemblies. The Human Genome Project (HGP) employed a clone based strategy (largely BAC clones) to produce the reference assembly, but cloning centromere sequences generally requires special effort, and isnt readily applicable to all human centromeres (see Kouprina et al., 2003 for one such effort). With the recent widespread adoption of whole genome sequencing (WGS), there are clearly alpha-satellite sequences in the reads produced, but assembling these sequences into faithful representations of centromeres using standard techniques is impossible due to the repetitive nature of these sequences. In all previous versions of the human reference assembly, the ...

Centromeres are specialized chromatin structures that are required for cell division. The composition of these regions is complex, as they are made up of a series of tandem repeats that are arranged into nearly identical multi-megabase arrays. The size and repetitive nature of these regions mean they are typically not represented in reference assemblies. The Human Genome Project (HGP) employed a clone based strategy (largely BAC clones) to produce the reference assembly, but cloning centromere sequences generally requires special effort, and isnt readily applicable to all human centromeres (see Kouprina et al., 2003 for one such effort). With the recent widespread adoption of whole genome sequencing (WGS), there are clearly alpha-satellite sequences in the reads produced, but assembling these sequences into faithful representations of centromeres using standard techniques is impossible due to the repetitive nature of these sequences. In all previous versions of the human reference assembly, the ...

Focussing on the work of Sir John Kingman, one of the worlds leading researchers in probability and mathematical genetics, this book touches on the important areas of these subjects in the last 50 years. Leading authorities give a unique insight into a wide range of currently topical problems. Papers in probability concentrate on combinatorial and structural aspects, in particular exchangeability and regeneration. The Kingman coalescent links probability with mathematical genetics and is fundamental to the study of the latter. This has implications across the whole of genomic modelling including the Human Genome Project. Other papers in mathematical population genetics range from statistical aspects including heterogeneous clustering, to the assessment of molecular variability in cancer genomes. Further papers in statistics are concerned with empirical deconvolution, perfect simulation, and wavelets. This book will be warmly received by established experts as well as their students and others ...

Scientists in the US have published the results of their detailed scrutiny of the genetic sequence of the human Y chromosome. This DNA bundle - one of 24 distinct chromosomes found in human cells - holds the crucial information to make the male of our species. The work is part of the enormous job of following up the data that came out of the international Human Genome Project (HGP)…declared complete in April. Any attempt to make sense of the data inevitably involves large-scale computing effort, but, by any standards, annotating the Y chromosome was a huge task. Its one thing to generate the sequence and its another to go on to discover which bits are functional and what they can tell us about disease and evolution, explained Mark Ross, head of the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institutes project to analyse the X chromosome near Cambridge, UK. The Y chromosome contains a great many repeated sections of DNA and far fewer genes, letter for letter, than other chromosomes. Francis Collins, director of ...

Pharmacogenetics (PGt) is the study of genetic causes of variability in drug metabolism (pharmacokinetics) and responses to drugs, including adverse events (AEs) and desired pharmacological effects (pharmacodynamics). Variability can be attributed to variations in DNA, such as polymorphisms, or sequences that influence an enzyme or a receptor activity. Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is the science involving pharmacology and genomics which studies how genetic differences within a population affect bodys response to a drug. After the completion of the Human Genome Project, PGx has become an attractive tool in the attempt to develop personalized medicine that can be adapted to each persons own genetic makeup and lead to a higher therapeutic efficacy. The FDA (and other regulatory agencies) is requesting that sponsors conducting such programs consider providing pharmacogenomic data to the Agency voluntarily, when such data are not otherwise required under the regulations. Such voluntary submissions would ...

Peter King, writing for Sports Illustrated, believes the League is trying to negotiate for and put in place a kind of community engagement project for players. These projects might try to highlight and sponsor work on civil rights causes in NFL communities. They would be promoting better police-community relations, or working on reduced sentencing and work-release employment programs. In short, the NFL is considering implementing some social justice programs to placate its players who are insisting that there is considerable, intractable injustice towards the black community by the police and by the racist mindset of the justice system. Like former President Barack Obama, many of the players may believe that racism is almost part of white DNA. Since the racist DNA has not been mapped by the Human Genome Project, it may be a little difficult to prove this assumption, so the next best thing is to politicize the idea as if it were true, and then extort tens or hundreds of millions of dollars from ...

With the success of the human genome project, the focus of life science research has shifted to the functional and structural analyses of proteins, such as the fields of proteomics and structural genomics. These analyses of proteins, including newly identified proteins, are expected to contribute to the identification of therapeutically applicable proteins for various diseases. Thus, pharmacoproteomic-based drug discovery and the development of protein therapies has currently attracted a great deal of attention (1, 2, 3) . However, it is clinically difficult to use most bioactive proteins, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as antitumor agents because of their very low stability and pleiotropic action in vivo (4 , 5) .. TNF-α was reported to exert a strong cytotoxicity to various kinds of tumor cells but not to normal cells in vitro and to cause hemorrhagic necrosis of certain transplanted solid tumors (6) . Thus, TNF-α has been considered a promising new drug for cancer therapy. On ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Comprehensive multi-omics analysis of G6PC3 deficiency related congenital neutropenia with inflammatory bowel disease. AU - Dasouki, Majed. AU - Alaiya, Ayodeele. AU - ElAmin, Tanziel. AU - Shinwari, Zakia. AU - Monies, Dorota. AU - Abouelhoda, Mohamed. AU - Jabaan, Amjad. AU - Almourfi, Feras. AU - Rahbeeni, Zuhair. AU - Alsohaibani, Fahad. AU - Almohareb, Fahad. AU - Al-Zahrani, Hazzaa. AU - Guzmán Vega, Francisco J.. AU - Arold, Stefan T.. AU - Aljurf, Mahmoud. AU - Ahmed, Syed Osman. N1 - KAUST Repository Item: Exported on 2021-03-01 Acknowledged KAUST grant number(s): FCC/1/1976-25 Acknowledgements: The authors wish to thank all the clinicians who provided routine clinical care for these patients and thank the patients and their families who participated in this project. We also acknowledge the Saudi Human Genome Project for infrastructure and informatics support relating to the NGS work. This work was supported by the National Science, Technology, and Innovation Plan ...

I joined the Westminster Department of Biology in the fall of 2001. I teach Molecular Genetics & Heredity and Recombinant DNA as well as a number of introductory courses for the major and the Westminster liberal arts curriculum. My research interests focus on inhibition of microbial pathogens using oligonucleotides, and expression of Hox genes during salamander limb regeneration. Areas of teaching interest include scientifc literacy and enhanced dissemination and understanding of the Human Genome Project (HGP). I am also co-coordinator of the molecular biology major and currently serve on the Medical Professions Advisory Committee (MedPAC ...

Cryo electron microscopy and electron tomography will play a crucial role in the future of drug development.. The completion of the human genome project has focused tremendous interest in determining the structure and function of the tens of thousands of proteins that the genome encodes. Current structural determination techniques are difficult, time-consuming and not generally applicable to all proteins.. Cryo Electron Tomography (ET) is, by comparison, relatively straightforward and fast. While it does not achieve atomic scale resolution, it can resolve tertiary and quaternary structure - the level at which much of the critical interaction between proteins occurs. Because it does not require crystallisation, it is applicable to most proteins, including large proteins and protein complexes, flexible proteins and membrane proteins. Because it operates on a single protein molecule, it can provide information that is critical to drug development and unavailable from other techniques, for example, ...

Short answer: Not very.. Biologists are stuck in an unfortunate situation. Most major funding sources in the US come through the government, and its essential to stress the impact your research will have on humans. Basic research for the sake of understanding the unknown just isnt enough to secure funding nowadays. Everything has to be spun to make it appealing to humans since taxpayers are the ones funding the research, and the research needs to seem justified in their eyes. Want to study primate microRNAs to study how primates evolved? You better mention how microRNAs are involved in cancer, even if you have no interest in studying that. Want to figure out how spider silk proteins evolved to fulfill different biological tasks? Better mention how spider silk is stronger than Kevlar even though its practically impossible to mass produce.. The same is true for human genomics. When the human genome project was first announced, scientists made endless promises about how sequencing the human ...

Crowdsourcing biomedical research; bird flu contagion?; zebrafish shed light on inherited muscle disorder; the economics of the Human Genome Project; the epigenetics of pair bonding. 0 Comments. ...

Crowdsourcing biomedical research; bird flu contagion?; zebrafish shed light on inherited muscle disorder; the economics of the Human Genome Project; the epigenetics of pair bonding. 0 Comments. ...

Although a phenotype is the ensemble of observable characteristics displayed by an organism, the word phenome is sometimes used to refer to a collection of traits, while the simultaneous study of such a collection is referred to as phenomics.[12][13] Phenomics is an important field of study because it can be used to figure out which genomic variants affect phenotypes which then can be used to explain things like health, disease, and evolutionary fitness.[14] Phenomics forms a large part of the Human Genome Project[15]. Phenomics has widespread applications in the agricultural industry. With an exponentially growing population and inconsistent weather patterns due to global warming, it has become increasingly difficult to cultivate enough crops to support the worlds population. Advantageous genomic variations, like drought and heat resistance, can be identified through the use of phenomics to create more durable GMOs.[16][17]. Phenomics is also a crucial stepping stone towards personalized ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A critical role for Romo1-derived ROS in cell proliferation. AU - Na, Ah Ram. AU - Chung, Young Min. AU - Lee, Seung Baek. AU - Park, Seon Ho. AU - Lee, Myeong Sok. AU - Yoo, Young Do. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant (FG06-2-20) of the 21C Frontier Functional Human Genome Project from the Ministry of Science and Technology in Korea, by a grant (R01-2006-000-10113-0) from the Basic Research Program of the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation, and by a grant (R11-2005-017-01001-0) of the Research Center for Womans Diseases of the KOSEF. Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2008/5/2. Y1 - 2008/5/2. N2 - Low levels of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) originating from NADPH oxidase have been implicated in various signaling pathways induced by growth factors and mediated by cytokines. However, the main source of ROS is known to be the mitochondria, and increased levels of ROS from the mitochondria have been ...

NOTE: This course satisfies Area 5 (Physical & Biological Sciences) requirements for the IGETC. DESCRIPTION: Anthropology 101 presents the scientific approach in unraveling the mystery of the evolution of humankind through investigation of human fossil remains (e.g. the 3.5 million-year-old footprints and the Lucy skeleton of East Africa), making use of recent DNA research -- much of it coming out of the Human Genome Project -- and by looking at studies of monkeys and apes so we can better assess our relationship to the other primates. The course examines the dynamic relationship between humans and their environment, and explores scientific explanations for human variation.. #8011 A. ...

Industrialist Alfred P. Sloan, as head of General Motors, was a Nazi collaborator, and ardent admirer of Hitler. Sloans hatred of blacks was almost as intense as his hatred of Jews. He had a close connection with the eugenics movement which eventually became the Human Genome Project. The Sloan Foundation, together with the Rockefeller nexus, held a long standing interest in population reduction, including their involvement with the introduction of mysterious new vaccines together with the World Health Organization, which has a stated policy of population reduction, as clearly set forth in Agenda 21. (truthaboutagenda21.com).. This dubious enterprise led to a massive vaccine initiative to vaccinate against relatively rare tetanus in The Philippines, Nicaragua, and Mexico. These vaccine vials, distributed by the WHO, were found to contain hCG, which when combined with tetanus toxoid carrier, stimulated formation of antibodies against human chorionic gonadotropin, rendering women incapable of ...

Pierre Tardivel is a scientist working on the Human Genome Project with the Nobel Prize winner, Dr. Burian Klimus. A driven man, Pierre works with the awareness that he may not have long to live: he has a fifty-fifty chance of dying from Huntingtons disease, an incurable hereditary disorder of the central nervous system. While he still has his health, Pierre and his wife decide to have a child, and they search for a sperm donor. When Pierre informs Dr. Klimus of their plan, Klimus makes an odd but generous offer: to be the sperm donor as well as to pay for the expensive in vitro fertilization. Shortly thereafter it transpires that Klimus might be hiding a grim past: he may be Ivan Marchenko, the notorious Treblinka death-camp guard known as Ivan the Terrible. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Phosphoproteomics identified Endofin, DCBLD2, and KIAA0582 as novel tyrosine phosphorylation targets of EGF signaling and Iressa in human cancer cells. AU - Chen, Yunhao. AU - Low, Teck Yew. AU - Choong, Lee Yee. AU - Ray, Rajarshi Sankar. AU - Tan, Yee Ling. AU - Toy, Weiyi. AU - Lin, Qingsong. AU - Boon, Keong Ang. AU - Chee, Hong Wong. AU - Lim, Simin. AU - Li, Bin. AU - Hew, Choy Leong. AU - Sze, Newman Siu Kwan. AU - Druker, Brian. AU - Lim, Yoon Pin. PY - 2007/7. Y1 - 2007/7. N2 - With the completion of the human genome project, analysis of enriched phosphotyrosyl proteins from epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced phosphotyrosine proteome permits the identification of novel downstream substrates of the EGF receptor (EGFR). Using cICAT-based LC-MS/MS method, we identified and relatively quantified the tyrosine phosphorylation levels of 21 proteins between control and EGF-treated A431 human cervical cancer cells. Of these, Endofin, DCBLD2, and KIAA0582 were validated to be ...