BioAssay record AID 80927 submitted by ChEMBL: Compound was tested for differentiation-inducing activity against human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60.

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Hypoxia is known to regulate the expression of genes involved in the migration of various cell types. Although many studies have shown that hypoxia increases cell migration, it still remains unclear whether hypoxia could modulate the stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1)-dependent migration of leukemic cell. Herein, we demonstrated that the SDF-1-dependent migration of HL-60, was reduced under hypoxia with no comparable decrease of CXC-type chemokine receptor CXCR4, a cognate receptor for SDF-1. Furthermore, we showed that migration toward SDF-1 was reduced by inactivation of either serine/threonine kinase Akt or extracellular signal regulated kinase Erk, which was confirmed by selective pathway inhibitor LY294002 and PD98059. In our results, phosphorylation of Erk was increased under hypoxia, but phosphorylation of Akt was attenuated on the contrary. These results led us to conclusion that hypoxia could inhibit the SDF-1-dependent migration of HL-60 via blocking of Akt activation ...

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Journal of Unexplored Medical Data is an online journal that encompasses reporting of pilot and unpublished clinical and biological medical studies.

Differentiation therapy in the treatment of leukemia is often hampered by limitations on using certain pharmaceutical regents or on the required doses due to various reasons, such as drug-resistance and retinoic acid syndrome. To circumvent these problems, a strategy might be developed on the basis of the ability of drug-differentiated cells to stimulate differentiation in leukemia cells. Using the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60 as a cell model, we assessed the differentiation-stimulating potency of differentiated granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages after treatments with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), respectively. ATRA- and TPA-differentiated cells were able to stimulate differentiation in fresh HL60 cells, accompanied by inhibition on cell growth to various extents. The differentiated cells of the second generation, especially those originated from TPA treatment, were as potent as the drugs themselves in stimulating differentiation in ...

The Ins(1,4,5)P3 receptor was examined in human promyelocytic leukaemic cells (HL-60) and in HL-60 cells differentiated towards granulocytes with either retinoic acid (RA) or dimethyl sulphoxide (Me2SO). HL-60 cell membranes enriched in marker enzyme activities of the endoplasmic reticulum and the plasma membrane possess a high-affinity binding site for [3H]Ins(1,4,5)P3 (KD = 22 nM). Electrotransfer studies indicate that Ins(1,4,[32P]5)P3 binds specifically to a 260 kDa protein of HL-60 cell membranes. This Ins(1,4,5)P3-binding protein selectively binds Ca(2+)-mobilizing inositol phosphates and other inositol phosphates which also bind to the purified InsP3 receptor, suggesting that the Ins(1,4,5)P3-binding protein of HL-60 cell membranes is the InsP3 receptor. When HL-60 cells are incubated with 1 microM-RA or with 1.25% Me2SO the cells differentiate within 5-7 days into cells resembling neutrophils in both structure and function. Treated cells cease to proliferate, acquire the ability to ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Decomposition of gene expression state space trajectories. AU - Mar, Jessica C.. AU - Quackenbush, John. PY - 2009/12/1. Y1 - 2009/12/1. N2 - Representing and analyzing complex networks remains a roadblock to creating dynamic network models of biological processes and pathways. The study of cell fate transitions can reveal much about the transcriptional regulatory programs that underlie these phenotypic changes and give rise to the coordinated patterns in expression changes that we observe. The application of gene expression state space trajectories to capture cell fate transitions at the genome-wide level is one approach currently used in the literature. In this paper, we analyze the gene expression dataset of Huang et al. (2005) which follows the differentiation of promyelocytes into neutrophil-like cells in the presence of inducers dimethyl sulfoxide and all-trans retinoic acid. Huang et al. (2005) build on the work of Kauffman (2004) who raised the attractor hypothesis, ...

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BioAssay record AID 81650 submitted by ChEMBL: Compound at 100 uM was tested in vitro to inhibit proliferation of HL-60 leukemia cell line.

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Unit 1: Cell Biology Introduction to Cells Outline: Cell Theory 1. All living things are made of cells which: are surround by a membrane contain genetic...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Separation and analysis of subcellular organelles in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60. T2 - Application to the study of myeloid lysosomal enzyme synthesis and processing. AU - Nauseef, W. M.. AU - Clark, Robert A. PY - 1986. Y1 - 1986. N2 - We describe a system for analysis of the intracellular pathways in the biosynthesis and packaging of functionally important proteins in human myeloid cells. The human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 was used since peripheral blood neutrophils are terminally differentiated and do not actively synthesize protein. Cells were disrupted by nitrogen cavitation and subcellular organelles in postnuclear supernatant separated on a discontinuous gradient of Percoll modified to resolve organelles important in protein synthesis. This Percoll gradient separated azurophilic granules from less dense organelles and partially separated the less dense organelles from one another. Approximate densities of organelles identified by electron microscopy ...

The present study selected and characterized a multidrug‑resistant HL‑60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL‑60/RS, by exposure to stepwise incremental doses of doxorubicin. The drug‑resistant HL‑60/RS cells exhibited 85.68‑fold resistance to doxorubicin and were cross‑resistant to other chemotherapeutics, including cisplatin, daunorubicin, cytarabine, vincristine and etoposide. The cells over‑expressed the transporters P‑glycoprotein, multidrug‑resistance‑related protein 1 and breast‑cancer‑resistance protein, encoded by the adenosine triphosphate‑binding cassette (ABC)B1, ABCC1 and ABCG2 genes, respectively. Unlike other recognized chemoresistant leukemia cell lines, HL‑60/RS cells were also strongly cross‑resistant to arsenic trioxide. The proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) increased synchronously with increased of drug resistance in the doxorubicin‑induced HL‑60 cell population. The present study confirmed that doxorubicin‑induced ...

TY - JOUR AU - Jakovljević, Katarina AU - Joksovic, Milan D. AU - Matić, Ivana Z. AU - Petrovic, Nina AU - Stanojković, Tatjana AU - Sladić, Dušan AU - Vujčić, Miroslava AU - Janović, Barbara AU - Joksovic, Ljubinka AU - Trifunović, Snežana AU - Markovic, Violeta PY - 2018 UR - http://cer.ihtm.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2379 AB - Hybrid compounds that combine the 1,3,4-thiadiazole-containing catechol moiety with a chalcone motif were synthesized and examined for their antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity, and DNA-binding activity. A series of thirteen compounds showed strong antioxidant and cytotoxic effects on human acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Several compounds exerted good cytotoxic activities on cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells. The treatment of HeLa cells with IC50 and double IC50 concentrations of the compounds 5a, 5c, 5f, and 5m induced a statistically significant increase in the percentage of cells within a subG1 cell cycle phase. The examined compounds caused G2/M ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Analysis of gene profiles involved in the enhancement of all-trans retinoic acid-induced HL-60 cell differentiation by sesquiterpene lactones identifies asparagine synthetase as a novel target for differentiation-inducing therapy. AU - Song, Ju Han. AU - Kim, Seung Hyun. AU - Cho, Kyung Min. AU - Hwang, Seung Yong. AU - Kim, Hyeoung Joon. AU - Kim, Tae Sung. PY - 2014/3/1. Y1 - 2014/3/1. N2 - All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is one of the most useful drugs in the treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), but its adverse effects, which include drug resistance and hypercalcemia are obstacles to achieving complete remission. Our previous study showed that some sesquiterpene lactones (STLs), i.e., helenalin (HE) and parthenolide (PA) but not sclareolide (SC), enhance ATRA-induced differentiation of HL-60 APL cells with no unexpected effects, but the precise mechanism on underlying this synergism is not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the distinctive ...

The mechanism of neutrophil activation by the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) has been studied by pretreatment of human neutrophils with pertussis toxin. Upon stimulation with FMLP, the cytosolic-free calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i, is increased both by stimulation of calcium influx and mobilization of cellular calcium. We have measured [Ca2+]i as well as the generation of the phospholipid breakdown product inositol trisphosphate (IP3), which is thought to mediate Ca2+ mobilization. As the phosphoinositide pool in human neutrophils is difficult to prelabel with [3H]myoinositol, experiments were also carried out in the cultured human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 after differentiation with dimethylsulfoxide. Pertussis toxin pretreatment of both cell types inhibited FMLP stimulated membrane depolarization, exocytosis, and superoxide production in a dose-dependent manner. This toxin effect was selective for the receptor agonist, since stimulation of these ...

Anti-leukemic activity of phosphoproteins from Sesamin via induction of nuclear antigen H731and CLIP-associating protein 2 isoform X25 mediated apoptosis

TC Hsieh, J Kunichki, Z Darzynkiewicz, JM Wu.. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.. OBJECTIVE: The goal of this in vitro study was to test the cytostatic and cytotoxic activities of extracts derived from the polysaccharopeptide (PSP), Im-Yunity (Integrated Chinese Medicine Holdings Ltd., Kowloon, Hong Kong) prepared from strain Cov-1 of the mushroom Coriolus versicolor. DESIGN: Different volumes of 70% ethanol and water extracts of Im-Yunity were incubated with cultures of human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells, and compared to nontreated control cells. At various times after treatment, cells were harvested and analyzed with respect to: (1). proliferation and cell cycle phase distribution, (2). induction of apoptosis, and (3). changes in expression of the immunomodulating cytokines interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IL-6, and IL-8. To test whether extracts also affected normal cells, similar experiments were also performed using isolated ...

Treatment of intact NIH 3T3 cells with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) causes a rapid redistribution (stabilization) of protein kinase C to the particulate fraction. Part of the enzyme activity stabilized to the membrane fraction in response to TPA can be recovered associated with nuclear-cytoskeletal components. An apparently pure nuclear fraction prepared from NIH 3T3 cells was found to contain 25-30% of the total membrane-associated protein kinase C activity when isolated in the presence of Ca2+. In untreated control cells, most of this activity found with the nuclear fraction can be extracted by chelators. Phorbol easter (TPA) treatment of NIH 3T3 cells induces the tight association of protein kinase C to the nucleus; this tightly bound activity is not dissociable by chelators and can be recovered only by solubilization with detergent. Nuclei purified from untreated human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells contain higher amounts of chelator-stable, detergent-extractable protein ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Soluble CD141-152 confers responsiveness to both lipoarabinomannan and lipopolysaccharide in a novel HL-60 cell bioassay. AU - Yu, Weiming. AU - Soprana, Elisa. AU - Cosentino, Giovanna. AU - Volta, Manuela. AU - Lichenstein, Henri S.. AU - Viale, Giovanna. AU - Vercelli, Donata. PY - 1998/10/15. Y1 - 1998/10/15. N2 - CD14 is a pattern recognition receptor involved in the interaction with multiple ligands, including LPS from Gram-negative bacteria and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) from mycobacteria. While the interactions between LPS and soluble CD14 (sCD14) have been analyzed in detail, LAM/CD14 interactions remain uncharacterized due to the lack of suitable functional assays. We describe herein a novel bioassay for the analysis of CD14/ligand interactions. CD14-negative myeloid HL-60 cells up-regulate endogenous CD14 gene expression when stimulated with LPS in the presence of recombinant soluble CD141-348. Using the HL-60 bioassay, we showed that sCD141- 348 confers responsiveness ...

While the molecular and biophysical mechanisms underlying cell protrusion on two-dimensional substrates are well understood, our knowledge of the actin structures driving protrusion in three-dimensional environments is poor, despite relevance to inflammation, development and cancer. Here we report that, during chemotactic migration through microchannels with 5 μm × 5 μm cross-sections, HL60 neutrophil-like cells assemble an actin-rich slab filling the whole channel cross-section at their front. This leading edge comprises two distinct F-actin networks: an adherent network that polymerizes perpendicular to cell-wall interfaces and a free network that grows from the free membrane at the cell front. Each network is polymerized by a distinct nucleator and, due to their geometrical arrangement, the networks interact mechanically. On the basis of our experimental data, we propose that, during interstitial migration, medial growth of the adherent network compresses the free network preventing its

HL-60 is a promyelocytic cell line derived by S.J. Collins, et al. Peripheral blood leukocytes were obtained by leukopheresis from a 36-year-old Caucasian female with acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Our findings suggest an inherent, cryptic chirality in VMCs that is revealed by an unbiased extracellular mechanical transition and mediated by cytoskeletal reorganization, analogous to chemically induced chirality seen in neutrophil-like cells.31 To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of an association between LR asymmetry and cytoskeletal reorganization, triggered by an unbiased mechanical interface, and the first demonstration that a microscale dynamic asymmetry unfolds into a de novo, consistently oriented and periodic macroscale pattern resembling tissue architecture. In VMCs, the rightward-biased turning required stress-fiber accumulation at the FN/PEG interface, suggesting that chirality may be in the architecture of the actin filament assembly at the macroscale level, say as clockwise or counterclockwise orientation. Alternatively, it may arise from chirality at the micro- or nanoscale, such as helicity of microfilaments, or chiral rotagen molecules, such as dynein or myosin, ...

Cardiac structure and functionare commonly studied using primary culture of neonatal and adult cardiac myocyte. However, their inability to divide and retain their differentiated phenotype in culture limits their use.. Established from a mouse atrial myocyte tumour, HL-1 cells share similar characteristics with primary cultures of cardiac myocytes. They have the ability to proliferate while keeping a differentiated cardiomyocyte phenotype in culture (this allows the use of specific molecular tools as RNA interference). However, there are concerns about their genetic stability and some studies have shown the cells to contain a functionally heterogeneous population.. The team from Imperial College isolated homogeneous and stable clones of HL-1 cell lines - thereby excluding any differences due to cellular heterogeneity of the original cell line - that display phenotypic characteristics consistent with cardiac cells.. Clones 3 and 6 appear to be most promising for cardiac research. These cells ...

Janet E. Rubin (jrubi02 at unix.cc.emory.edu) wrote: : Can anyone help us with our RT-PCR problem? We have GAP : primers that work perfectly well in rat and mouse - and in fact were : suggested by a BioTechniques article because they were : supposed to read human as well. However, despite being able : to RT-PCR other things from HL-60 cells, our GAP primers do not : work, at all (no band). So the question is, is GAP wierd in HL-60 : cells (has anyone else RTd GAP without problems?), any : suggestions for good primers for housekeeping-ish genes in this : cell line? : Thanks in advance (or previously as someone once wrote). -- Shahram Mori _/\_ Program in Molecular Biology _\ /_ Dept. of chemistry and Biochemistry Box 3C \_ _/ NMSU Las Cruces NM ...

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Detailed information about the celline expression of DLST in HL-60 stained with HPA003010. The antibody showed a High level of staining

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In these studies we have identified a novel small molecular weight mimetic of TGF-β, A-161906. A-161906 was originally synthesized as part of a series of metalloproteinase inhibitors at Abbott Laboratories. A-161906 is a micromolar inhibitor of TNF-α release in PMA-stimulated HL-60 cells. PMA stimulates the release of TNF-α concomitant with the differentiation of HL-60 cells. However, in a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated model in a more monocytic-differentiated THP-1 cell line, A-161906 has no effect on TNF-α release. This suggested that A-161906 had other mechanisms aside from the inhibition of TNF-α release, a metalloproteinase-dependent process, that were associated with the differentiation of HL-60 cells by PMA. HTS of a PAI-1/luciferase construct in Mv1Lu cells provided the identification of a novel activity of A-161906, modulation of transcriptional promoter activity in a cellular assay sensitive to TGF-β (32).. In cancer and other diseases where the normal responses to TGF-β have ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Ellagitannins from Terminalia calamansanai induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. AU - Chen, Lih Geeng. AU - Huang, Wen Tsung. AU - Lee, Lain Tze. AU - Wang, Ching Chiung. PY - 2009/6. Y1 - 2009/6. N2 - Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolf. (Combretaceae) is used medicinally as lithontriptic in Philippines. The 70% acetone extracts of T. calamansanai leaves inhibited the viability of human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. 1-α-O-Galloylpunicalagin, punicalagin, 2-O-galloylpunicalin, sanguiin H-4, and methyl gallate were the main components isolated from T. calamansanai with the IC 50 values of 65.2, 74.8, 42.2, 38.0 and ,100 μM, respectively, for HL-60 cells. Apoptosis of HL-60 cells treated with 1-α-O-galloylpunicalagin, punicalagin, 2-O-galloylpunicalin, and sanguiin H-4 was noted by the appearance of a sub-G 1 peak in flow cytometric analysis and DNA fragmentation by gel electrophoresis. 2-O-Galloylpunicalin and sanguiin H-4 induced a decrease of the human ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Dysregulated bcl-2 expression inhibits apoptosis but not differentiation of retinoic acid-induced HL-60 granulocytes. AU - Park, Ulie R.. AU - Robertson, Kent. AU - Hickstein, Dennis D.. AU - Tsai, Schickwann. AU - Hockenbery, David M.. AU - Collins, Steven J.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1994/7/15. Y1 - 1994/7/15. N2 - The bcl-2 proto-oncogene appears to contribute to the development of certain malignancies by inhibiting programmed cell death (apoptosis). Mature granulocytes show a markedly limited life span and rapidly undergo apoptosis. To further define the relationship between apoptosis and granulocyte differentiation, we used retroviral vector-mediated gene transduction to introduce the normal bcl-2 gene into the HL-60 myeloid leukemia cell line and determined the response of these bcl-2-transduced HL-60 cells to the induction of granulocyte differentiation by retinoic acid (RA). Although the bcl-2-transduced HL-60 cells showed ...

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are important transducers of external signals for cell growth, survival, and other cellular responses including cell differentiation. Several MAPK cascades are known with the MEK1/2-ERK1/2, JNK, and p38MAPKs receiving most attention, but the role of MEK5-ERK5 in intracellular signaling deserves more scrutiny, as this pathway transmits signals that can complement ERK/2 signaling. We hypothesized that the ERK5 pathway plays a role in the control of monocytic differentiation, which is disturbed in myeloid leukemia. We therefore examined the cellular phenotype and key molecular events which occur when human myeloid leukemia cells, acute (AML) or chronic (CML), are forced to differentiate by vitamin D derivatives (VDDs). This study was performed using established cell lines HL60 and U937, and primary cultures of blasts from 10 patients with ML. We found that ERK5 and its direct downstream target transcription factor MEF2C are upregulated by 1,25D in parallel ...

The HL-60 (Human promyelocytic leukemia cells) cell line has been used for laboratory research on how certain kinds of blood cells are formed. HL-60 proliferates continuously in suspension culture in nutrient and antibiotic chemicals. The doubling time is about 36-48 hours. The cell line was derived from a 36-year-old woman with acute promyelocytic leukemia at MD Anderson Cancer Center. HL-60 cells are predominantly a neutrophilic promyelocyte (precursor). Proliferation of HL-60 cells occurs through the transferrin and insulin receptors, which are expressed on cell surface. The requirement for insulin and transferrin is absolute, as HL-60 proliferation immediately ceases if either of these compounds is removed from the serum-free culture media. With this line, differentiation to mature granulocytes can be induced by compounds such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or retinoic acid. Other compounds like 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and GM-CSF can induce HL-60 ...

Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation acts as a strong apoptotic trigger in many cell types, in tumor and normal cells. Several studies have demonstrated that UVB-induced cell death occurs through the generation of reactive oxygen species. The consequent oxidative stress includes the impairment of cellular antioxidants, the induction of DNA damage and the occurrence of apoptosis. In this review, we investigated UVB apoptotic action in various cell models by using ultrastructural, molecular and cytofluorimetric techniques. Myeloid leukemia HL-60, T-lymphoblastoid Molt-4 and myelomonocytic U937 human cells, generally affected by apoptotic stimuli, were studied. Human chondrocytes and C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, known to be more resistant to damage, were also considered. All of them, when exposed to UVB radiation, revealed a number of characteristic apoptotic markers. Membrane blebbing, cytoplasm shrinkage and chromatin condensation were detected by means of electron microscopy. DNA cleavage, investigated by

The cytotoxic response of several types of neoplastic cells to analogues of unnatural alkyl phospholipids (e.g., rac-1-hexadecyl-2-methoxy-glycero-3-phosphocholine) has been partially attributed to their accumulation as a result of the low activity of the alkyl cleavage enzyme (a tetrahydropteridine-dependent monooxygenase) in tumor cells. We tested this possibility by comparing the alkyl cleavage enzyme activity in cells that exhibit differences in sensitivity toward the cytotoxic effects of the rac-1-hexadecyl-2-methoxy-glycero-3-phosphocholine. Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60), a cell line highly sensitive to the cytotoxic alkyl phospholipid analogue, possessed an alkyl cleavage enzyme activity (0.25 pmol/min/µg protein) similar to that found in three cell types known to be relatively resistant to the cytotoxic activity of the analogue: immature human promyeloblastic leukemia cells (K562) (0.22 pmol/min/µg protein), human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (0.34 pmol/min/µg protein), ...

Ortho-topolin riboside induced cell apoptosis through ERS pathway and inhibited DNMT1 activity in acute myeloid leukemia cells, Li Wang, YanHong Zhao, Jiao Cheng, FanLin Lin, YingY

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CD109 (Cluster of Differentiation 109) is a cell surface antigen that is linked to glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI). CD109 is also known as platelet-specific Gov antigen, 150 kDa TGF-beta-1-binding protein, C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 7, CPAMD7, p180, r150, DKFZp762L1111, FLJ38569, and RP11-525G3.1. It is expressed by CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, T-cell lines, activated T lymphoblasts, endothelial cells, and activated platelets. CD109 is considered to be a marker of early-stage megakaryocytic hematopoiesis. Overexpression of CD109 has been reported in squamous cell carcinomas, such as lung carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, and cervical carcinoma.. ...

CD109 (Cluster of Differentiation 109) is a cell surface antigen that is linked to glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI). CD109 is also known as platelet-specific Gov antigen, 150 kDa TGF-beta-1-binding protein, C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 7, CPAMD7, p180, r150, DKFZp762L1111, FLJ38569, and RP11-525G3.1. It is expressed by CD34+ acute myeloid leukemia cell lines, T-cell lines, activated T lymphoblasts, endothelial cells, and activated platelets. CD109 is considered to be a marker of early-stage megakaryocytic hematopoiesis. Overexpression of CD109 has been reported in squamous cell carcinomas, such as lung carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, and cervical carcinoma.. ...

During 1.25% dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-triggered granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells, the neurotensin-induced [Ca2+]i rise became gradually smaller and completely disappeared 4 days after treatment with DMSO. The mRNA level for neurotensin receptors was also decreased after differentiation ...

We first tested no matter whether unpolarized HL-60 neutrophils can break their morphological symmetry and start off to migrate when they are stimulated by a

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M induced an inhibitory effect against the proliferation of HL-60 and colony potential of HCT-116 cells. The apoptosis in HL-60 cells was associated with down-regulation of Bcl-2 and activation of Bax, while in HCT-116 cells, necrotic features were observed; size of cells was dramatically increased by swelling of cytoplasm and loss of membrane integrity, cell rupture and release of cellular contents. ...

Activation of ERK signaling may promote cardioprotection from ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. ZnT-1, a protein that confers resistance from zinc toxicity, was found to interact with Raf-1 kinase through its C-terminal domain, leading to downstream activation of ERK. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of ZnT-1 in c...Read More ...

The Baseline and Classical controllers use a classic cascaded-loop architecture with three inner P-only loops to control the angular rates p,q,r, and three outer PI loops to control the angular positions phi,alpha,beta. The six proportional gains and three integral gains are all scheduled as a function of alpha and beta. The Baseline variant contains the baseline design featured in docid:aeroblks_ug.f4-50264. Parts 2 and 3 of this series use the Classical variant to walk through the tuning process. The active variant is controlled by the workspace variable CTYPE. Set its value to 2 to activate the Classical variant of the controller.. ...

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Effects of DCA treatment on p53mutated/ leukemic cell linesThe p53mutated B leukemic cell lines MAVER, MEC-1 and MEC-2, as well as the p53 HL-60 cells, were exp

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CGP049090: an inhibitor of WNT signaling, effectively induce apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells; structure in first source

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