Enhancement of oligodendrocyte survival through activation of leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) signaling is a candidate therapeutic strategy for demyelinating disease. However, in other cell types, LIFR signaling is under tight negative regulation by the intracellular protein suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3). We, therefore, postulated that deletion of the SOCS3 gene in oligodendrocytes would promote the beneficial effects of LIFR signaling in limiting demyelination. By studying wild-type and LIF-knockout mice, we established that SOCS3 expression by oligodendrocytes was induced by the demyelinative insult, that this induction depended on LIF, and that endogenously produced LIF was likely to be a key determinant of the CNS response to oligodendrocyte loss. Compared with wild-type controls, oligodendrocyte-specific SOCS3 conditional-knockout mice displayed enhanced c-fos activation and exogenous LIF-induced phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. ...

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) are multifunctional cytokines with many similar activities. LIF is structurally and functionally related to another cytokine, Oncostatin M (OSM), that binds to the high-affinity LIF receptor but not to the low-affinity LIF receptor. A complementary DNA was isolated that encodes the high-affinity converting subunit of the LIF receptor. The converter conferred high-affinity binding of both LIF and OSM when expressed with the low-affinity LIF receptor and is identical to the signal transducing subunit of the IL-6 receptor, gp130. The gp130 subunit alone confers low-affinity binding of OSM when expressed in COS-7 cells. This receptor system resembles the high-affinity receptors for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, IL-3, and IL-5, which share a common subunit. ...

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Oncostatin-M-specific receptor subunit beta, also known as interleukin-31 receptor subunit beta, and OSMR, is a single-pass type I membrane protein which belongs to the type I cytokine receptor family and Type 2 subfamily. OSMR contains four fibronectin type-III domains and is expressed at relatively high levels in all neural cells as well as fibroblast, epithelial and a variety of tumor cell lines. Four forms of OSMR have been identified: leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR), OSMR beta, short-form OSMR (OSMRs) and soluble OSMR (sOSMR). OSMR associates with IL31RA to form the IL31 receptor. It binds IL31 to activate STAT3 and possibly STAT1 and STAT5. OSMR is part of a heterodimeric receptor complex that mediates signal transduction of the pleiotropic cytokine OSM via a signaling pathway involving Janus kinases (Jaks) and transcription factors of the signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) family. Defects in OSMR are the cause of amyloidosis type 9 (AMYL9) which is a ...

Cytokines are important mediators of intercellular communication in higher organisms. The subfamily of haematopoietic cytokines plays a central role in the regulation of haematopoiesis and the immune response (Wells and de Vos, 1996). From knockout studies, it became evident that these mediators are also involved in the regulation of other fundamental biological processes such as embryonic development (Yoshida et al., 1996) and fertility (Robb et al., 1998; Stewart et al., 1992). In line with their biological activities, dysregulation of haematopoietic cytokine signalling contributes significantly to acute and chronic inflammation, immune deficiencies and cancer progression.. Together with interferons and cytokines of the IL-10 family, the haematopoietic cytokines build up the large family of helical cytokines (Boulay et al., 2003). Whereas interferons and IL-10 family cytokines signal through class II cytokine receptors, the haematopoietic cytokines use class I cytokine receptors. The ...

Looking for online definition of autocrine motility factor in the Medical Dictionary? autocrine motility factor explanation free. What is autocrine motility factor? Meaning of autocrine motility factor medical term. What does autocrine motility factor mean?

|span style='font-family:Times,serif;font-size:9pt;'>The 1F11/TSLPR monoclonal antibody specifically binds to Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Receptor (TSLPR). TSLPR is a member of the hematopoietin receptor superfamily and is also known as Cytokine Receptor-like Factor 2 (CRL2, CRLF2Y, CRLF2). The functional TSLPR complex consists of two subunits, TSLPR and the alpha subunit of the Interleukin-7 Receptor (IL-7Rα). Analysis of the TSLPR reveals sequence similarity with the common cytokine receptor gamma chain (γc; CD132). Functional TSLPRs are expressed by epithelial cells and a variety of hematopoietic cell types, including thymocytes, T cells, B cells, natural killer T cells, monocytes, macrophages, basophils, and dendritic cells (DC). Recent studies indicate that TSLP can activate multiple STAT (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription) signaling proteins. TSLP enhances the maturation and viability of DC. It strongly induces DC expression of the CD40 and CD80 costimulatory molecules and

Razavi S, Mardani M, Kazemi M, Esfandiari E, Narimani M, Esmaeili A, Ahmadi N (2013). Effect of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor on the Myelinogenic Ability of Schwann-Like Cells Induced from Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Volume 33, Issue 2, pp 283-289 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cachexia-associated adipose loss induced by tumor-secreted leukemia inhibitory factor is counterbalanced by decreased leptin. AU - Arora, Gurpreet K.. AU - Gupta, Arun. AU - Narayanan, Sriram. AU - Guo, Tong. AU - Iyengar, Puneeth. AU - Infante, Rodney E.. PY - 2018/7/26. Y1 - 2018/7/26. N2 - Cachexia syndrome consists of adipose and muscle loss, often despite normal food intake. We hypothesized that cachexia-associated adipose wasting is driven in part by tumor humoral factors that induce adipocyte lipolysis. We developed an assay to purify secreted factors from a cachexia-inducing colon cancer line that increases lipolysis in adipocytes and identified leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) by mass spectrometry. Recombinant LIF induced lipolysis in vitro. Peripheral LIF administered to mice caused ,50% loss of adipose tissue and ,10% reduction in body weight despite only transient hypophagia due to decreasing leptin. LIF-injected mice lacking leptin (ob/ob) resulted in persistent ...

CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR VARIANTS - Nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of (a) a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID: NO 1, (b) a nucleic acid molecule which encodes a peptide having an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID: NO 2, (c) a nucleic acid molecule whose complementary strand hybridizes to a nucleic acid molecule according to (a) or (b) and which codes for a peptide which binds to ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor (CNTFR), the peptide binding with lower affinity than ciliary neurotrophic factor to the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R), (d) a nucleic acid molecule whose nucleotide sequence differs from the nucleotide sequence of a nucleic acid molecule according to (c) due to the degenerated genetic code, the codon at positions 82-84 of the nucleic acid molecule according to (a) coding for a non-positively charged amino acid, and the peptide at position 28 shown in SEQ ID: NO 2 having a non-positively charged amino acid residue ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression of leukemia inhibitory factor and its receptor is not altered in the decidua and chorionic villi of human anembryonic pregnancy. AU - Chen, Hsin Fu. AU - Chao, Kuang Han. AU - Shew, Jin Yuh. AU - Yang, Yu Shih. AU - Ho, Hong Nerng. PY - 2004/1/1. Y1 - 2004/1/1. N2 - Background: Uterine expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is absolutely essential for mouse, and critical for human, embryo implantation. However LIF is not required for post-implantation development of mouse embryo. The objective of this study was to examine the role of LIF system in post-implantation stage of human pregnancy. Methods: Tissues from 25 patients with anembryonic pregnancy (AP; blighted ovum) and 25 matched patients with normal pregnancy (NP) were collected. LIF and its receptor β (LIF-Rβ) expression in the decidua and chorionic villi were analyzed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemical ...

Animals and genotyping. LIFR +/− mice generated on the B6,129/J genetic background and C57BL6 STOCK (for expanding theLIFR +/− mice) were obtained from The Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME). Mice were then bred to allow for the generation of homozygote, heterozygote, and wild-type littermates (Koblar et al., 1998). The genotyping of mice carryingLIFR mutations was performed as described previously (Ware et al., 1995). CD-1 mice stocks were maintained in the University of Calgary Bioscience Animal Resources Center.. Neural stem cell culture and growth factors. Generation and differentiation of spheres from embryonic and adult forebrain were performed as described previously with minor modifications (Reynolds and Weiss, 1992; Reynolds et al., 1992). Briefly, striato-pallidum complexes were removed from mouse embryos at E14 and collected into PBS containing 0.6% glucose, penicillin (50 U/ml), and streptomycin (50 U/ml; both from Life Technologies, Gaithersburg, MD) and then transferred into ...

ESI BIO Growth Factors are individual proteins designed to enhance cell proliferation and growth. They have an array of putative functions during development including regulating tissue morphogenesis, angiogenesis, stem cell differentiation, and neurite outgrowth.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Slitlamp, Specular, and Light Microscopic Findings of Human Donor Corneas after Laser-assisted in Situ Keratomileusis. AU - Mootha, V. Vinod. AU - Dawson, Dan. AU - Kumar, Amit. AU - Gleiser, Joel. AU - Qualls, Clifford. AU - Albert, Daniel M.. PY - 2004/5. Y1 - 2004/5. N2 - Objective: To examine slitlamp, specular, and light microscopic features of human donor corneas known to have undergone laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Methods: Twenty-six donor corneas known to have undergone LASIK prospectively underwent slitlamp examination with particular attention to the presence of a flap edge, as well as specular microscopy with particular attention to the presence of highly reflective particles in the stroma corresponding to the LASIK interface. Central endothelial cell density and pachymetery were obtained. They were compared with 26 control donor corneas without LASIK. Eleven LASIK donor corneas were processed for histology. Twenty-six donor corneas with no known ...

Looking for online definition of macrophage/monocyte inhibitory factor in the Medical Dictionary? macrophage/monocyte inhibitory factor explanation free. What is macrophage/monocyte inhibitory factor? Meaning of macrophage/monocyte inhibitory factor medical term. What does macrophage/monocyte inhibitory factor mean?

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), an immunomodulator, has inhibitory as well as stimulatory effects on bone marrow cells. In this study, we demonstrate that TGF-beta 1 also is a bidirectional modulator of CSF receptor expression on murine bone marrow cells. TGF-beta 1 up-regulated granulocyte-macrophage (GM)-CSF receptor expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with a maximum up-regulation of 64% by 48 h at 20 ng/ml. In contrast, TGF-beta 1 down-modulated IL-3 and CSF-1 receptor expression by 54 and 55%, respectively, by 24 h. TGF-beta 1 did not affect G-CSF receptor expression, in agreement with its inability to affect G-CSF-induced proliferation. The CSF receptor modulation induced by TGF-beta 1 preceded its effects on CSF-stimulated proliferation. The effects of TGF-beta on CSF receptor expression were isoform dependent, thus TGF-beta 3 was a 10-fold more potent inhibitor of both IL-3-induced colony formation and IL-3 receptor expression than TGF-beta 1, whereas TGF-beta 1 was a

Tenderness and mechanical allodynia are key symptoms of malignant tumor, inflammation and neuropathy. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is causally involved in all three pathologies. IL-6 not only regulates innate immunity and inflammation but also causes nociceptor sensitization and hyperalgesia. In general and in most cell types including immune cells and sensory neurons, IL-6 binds soluble μ receptor subunits which heteromerizes with membrane bound IL-6 signal transducer gp130. In the present study, we used a conditional knock-out strategy to investigate the importance of signal transducer gp130 expressed in C nociceptors for the generation and maintenance of mechanical hypersensitivity. Nociceptors were sensitized to mechanical stimuli by experimental tumor and this nociceptor sensitization was preserved at later stages of the pathology in control mice. However, in mice with a conditional deletion of gp130 in Nav1.8 expressing nociceptors mechanical hypersensitivity by experimental

Oncostatin M is a growth and differentiation factor and a member of a cytokine family that includes leukemia-inhibitory factor (LIF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). This gene encodes a growth regulator which inhibits the proliferation of a number of tumor cell lines. It regulates cytokine production, including IL-6, G-CSF and GM-CSF from endothelial cells. Oncostatin M participates in the regulation of neurogenesis, osteogenesis and hematopoiesis. Oncostatin M can exert both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on cell proliferation. It stimulates the proliferation of fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and Kaposis sarcoma cells, but inhibits the growth of some normal and tumor cell lines. It also promotes cytokine release (e.g. IL-6, GM-CSF and G-CSF) from endothelial cells, and enhances the expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor in hepatoma cells. Recombinant Human Oncostatin M is active on murine cells. Human recombinant Oncostatin M produced in ...

Cell surface receptors for AUTOCRINE MOTILITY FACTOR, which is the secreted form of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE. The receptor has an unusual composition in that it shares some structural similarities with G-PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS and functions as an ubiquitin protein ligase when internalized ...

Circulating IL-6 levels correlate with the severity of blood-stage malaria in humans and mouse models, but the impact of IL-6 classic signaling through membrane IL-6Rα, as well as IL-6 trans-signaling through soluble IL-6Rα, on the outcome of malaria has remained unknown. In this study, we created IL-6Rα-deficient mice that exhibit a 50% survival of otherwise lethal blood-stage malaria of the genus Plasmodium chabaudi. Inducing IL-6 trans-signaling by injection of mouse recombinant soluble IL-6Rα in IL-6Rα-deficient mice restores the lethal outcome to malaria infection. In contrast, inhibition of IL-6 trans-signaling via injection of recombinant sGP130Fc protein in control mice results in a 40% survival rate. Our data demonstrate that IL-6 trans-signaling, rather than classic IL-6 signaling, contributes to malaria-induced lethality in mice, preceded by an increased inflammatory response. Therefore, inhibition of IL-6 trans-signaling may serve as a novel promising therapeutic basis to combat ...

T-LIF - T Lymphocyte Migration Inhibitory Factors. Looking for abbreviations of T-LIF? It is T Lymphocyte Migration Inhibitory Factors. T Lymphocyte Migration Inhibitory Factors listed as T-LIF

Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a cytokine. It is a cardiac hypertrophic factor of 21.5 kDa and a protein member of the IL-6 cytokine family. CT-1 is associated with the pathophysiology of heart diseases, including hypertension, myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, and congestive heart failure. The protein exerts its cellular effects by interacting with the glycoprotein 130 (gp130)/leukemia inhibitory factor receptor beta (LIFR) heterodimer. In addition, CT-1 activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3 kinase) in cardiac myocytes and enhances transcription factor NF-κB DNA -binding activities. CT-1 is highly expressed in the heart, skeletal muscle, prostate and ovary and to lower levels in lung, kidney, pancreas, thymus, testis and small intestine. "Recombinant human Cardiotrophin 1 protein (ab9838)". www.abcam.com. Retrieved 2017-08-09. cardiotrophin 1 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Irving, Michael (August 8, 2017). "The protein that can make your ...

Purpose: : Lens-specific expression of the LIF dramatically inhibited differentiation of the retina, and inhibited retinal vascularization. The inhibition was specific to the neural retina since LIF did not inhibit angiogenesis in the vitreous. It was possible that the primary affect was on the neural retina or on the vasculature. The purpose of this study was to determine weather or not LIF stimulation of receptors in vascular cells or the neural retinal was responsible for inhibiting retinal vascularization. Methods: : Transgenic Tie2-cre mice were used to inactivate the LIF receptor gp130 in vascular endothelial cells and vascular precursor cells. These mice were mated to transgenic mice expressing LIF in the ocular lens. We compared the LIF mediated inhibition of retinal vascularization in mice with functional gp130 to mice in which gp130 was inactivated by Tie2-cre only in vascular cells. Results: : LIF stimulation inhibited all retinal vascularization as reported previously. This was ...

Aims: To analyse the relative importance of different biological and technical factors on the analytical sensitivity of conventional culture methods for detection of Salmonella Dublin in cattle faeces. Methods and Results: Faeces samples collected from six adult bovines from different salmonella-negative herds were split into subpools and spiked with three strains of S. Dublin at a concentration level of c. 10 CFU g(-1) faeces. Each of the 18 strain-pools was divided into two sets of triplicates of four volumes of faecal matter (1, 5, 10 and 25 g). The two sets were pre-enriched with and without novobiocin, followed by combinations of culture media (three types) and selective media (two types). The sensitivity of each combination and sources of variation in detection were determined by a generalized linear mixed model using a split-plot design. Conclusions: Biological factors, such as faecal origin and S. Dublin strain influenced the sensitivity more than technical factors. Overall, the modified ...

THREE officials of the New Bilibid Prisons (NBP) and seven others are facing administrative charges for the alleged Very Important Person (VIP) treatment of convicted drug lord and Sigue Sigue Sputnik gang commander Ricardo Camata alias "Chacha.". In a resolution signed by Secretary Leila de Lima, the head of the Department of Justice (DOJ) ordered the filing of charges against NBP superintendent Fajardo Lansangan, hospital head Dr. Gloria Achazo-Garcia, escort unit head Prison Supt. Gabriel Magan and medical specialist Dr. Ma. Cecilia Villanueva.. De Lima approved the findings of a fact-finding committee led by Undersecretary Francisco Baraan 3rd that prison guards Aldrid Garino, Antonio Bangoy, Eugenio Sabado, Edgardo Gamboa, Ernesto Calla and Herald Duran were liable for Camata's unauthorized confinement in a private hospital last June.. Charges of grave misconduct, gross neglect of duty and conduct prejudicial to the best interest of the service are expected to be filed against the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Oncostatin M causes eotaxin-1 release from airway smooth muscle. T2 - Synergy with IL-4 and IL-13. AU - Faffe, Débora S.. AU - Flynt, Lesley. AU - Mellema, Matthew. AU - Moore, Paul E.. AU - Silverman, Eric S.. AU - Subramaniam, Venkat. AU - Jones, Matthew R.. AU - Mizgerd, Joseph P.. AU - Whitehead, Timothy. AU - Imrich, Amy. AU - Panettieri, Reynold A.. AU - Shore, Stephanie A.. PY - 2005/3. Y1 - 2005/3. N2 - Background: Eotaxin is implicated in asthmatic eosinophilia. Oncostatin M (OSM) causes eotaxin release from fibroblasts. Objective: We sought to examine the effects and mechanism of action of OSM and other IL-6 family cytokines on eotaxin release from human airway smooth muscle cells. Methods: Eotaxin 1 release was measured by means of ELISA. Western blotting was used to examine mitogen-activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT-3) phosphorylation. Eotaxin promoter activity was analyzed in cells transfected with wild-type STAT-3, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hepatic differentiation induced by oncostatin M attenuates fetal liver hematopoiesis. AU - Kinoshita, Taisei. AU - Sekiguchi, Takashi. AU - Xu, Ming Jiang. AU - Ito, Yoshiaki. AU - Kamiya, Akihide. AU - Tsuji, Koh Ichiro. AU - Nakahata, Tatsutoshi. AU - Miyajima, Atsushi. PY - 1999/6/22. Y1 - 1999/6/22. N2 - Embryonic liver is a transient site for definitive hematopoiesis. Along with maturation of the bone marrow and spleen, hematopoietic cells relocate from the liver to their final destinations while the liver starts organizing its own structure and develops numerous metabolic functions toward adult. Recently, it was demonstrated that the signal exerted by oncostatin M (OSM) through gp130 plays a pivotal role in the maturation process of the liver both in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular basis underlying the termination of embryonic hematopoiesis remains unknown. In this study, we report that primary culture of fetal hepatic cells from embryonic day 14.5 murine embryos ...

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L~..Lary IUeurotroph~cPactor: Pharmacokrnetics m-d Acute-Phase Response in Rat Falk Dittrich, Hans Thoenen, and Michael Sendtnet Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) supports the survival of motoneurons in vitro and in vivo. Recombinant CNTF is an investigational drug for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We determined the pharmacokinetics of radioiodinated CNTF after intravenous injection into rats. CNTF shows a biphasic clearance with an initial plasma half-life of 2.9 minutes and is removed from the circulation by the liver. No accumulation of radioactivity was detectable in nerve tissue or skeletal muscle after intravenous injection of 0.1 pg and 0.5 pg of CNTF. Radioactive degradation products accumulate in the skin. Liver cells express specific binding proteins for CNTF, and the incorporation and degradation of intravenously injected CNTF by the liver may occur after association of CNTF with the soluble CNTF receptor cu in the circulation. Probably a9 a consequence of its ...

Laboratory studies were conducted to assess the toxicity and growth-inhibitory activity against Aedes aegypti larvae, of the crude acetone extracts of Polygonum senegalense (Meissn.) leaves, its flavonoid component 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxydihydrochalcone and the internal tissue flavanol quercetin. The first two showed significantly high insecticidal and growth-inhibitory activity even at low concentrations, whereas quercetin was toxic only at concentrations above 7μg/ml ...

Fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) causes various neurodevelopmental deficits in offspring, including reduced expression of the stress regulatory proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) gene and an elevated stress response for multiple generations via the male germline. Male germline-specific effects of FAE on the Pomc gene raises the question if the sex-determining region Y (SRY) may have a role in regulating Pomc gene expression. Using a transgenerational model of FAE in Fischer 344 rats, we determined the role of SRY in the regulation of the Pomc gene. FAEs, like on the Pomc gene, reduced Sry gene expression in sperm and the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) in male adult offspring. Fetal alcohol-induced inhibition of Sry gene expression was associated with increased Sry promoter DNA methylation. Additionally, fetal alcohol effects on the Sry gene persisted for three generations in the male germline but not in the female germline. Sry gene knockdown reduced the Pomc gene expression. Sry recruitment onto the Pomc promoter

Multiple cytokines, including interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-11, IL-27, oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), signal via the common GP130 cytokine receptor subunit. leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor, oncostatin M (OSM) receptor, or ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) receptor, facilitating recognition of multiple ligands including IL-6, IL-11, IL-27, LIF, OSM, CNTF, cardiotrophin 1 (CT1), and cardiotrophin-like cytokine (CLC). Signal transduction via GP130 is mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway and includes phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT1, as well as activation of RAS/MAPK (OShea and Plenge, AC220 2012). An AC220 essential role for GP130-dependent signaling is shown by the lethality of the corresponding homozygous KO (mutations, is a complex immunodeficiency that presents with pneumonia, lung abnormalities, high levels of IgE, eosinophilia, eczema, and skeletal and connective tissue abnormalities including retained primary teeth, scoliosis, and craniosynostosis (Smithwick et ...

AGEs have been shown to accumulate in diabetic and ageing organs, including ocular tissues (cornea, lens,vitreous, and retina). Accumulation of AGEs in ECM was shown to elicit several changes of ECM including decreased solubility, decreased susceptibility to enzymes, and changes in such properties as thermal stability, mechanical strength, and stiffness. These changes in the physicochemical properties of ECM are believed to contribute, in part, to the development of age related changes and diabetic complications, including cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy, indurated skin and joint stiffness. Albonet al reported a linear age related increase of pentocidine, an advanced glycation end product, in lamina cribrosa. Accumulation of AGEs in ECM of optic nerve heads in the elderly may decrease elasticity of lamina cribrosa and compromise the ability of cribriform plates to bear the strain caused by elevated intraocular pressure. The results of the current study showed that accumulation ...

Title: Platelet and Soluble Glycoprotein VI - Novel Applications in Diagnosis and Therapy. VOLUME: 12 ISSUE: 12. Author(s):Boris Bigalke, Margitta Elvers, Tanja Schonberger and Meinrad Gawaz. Affiliation:Medizinische Klinik III, Eberhard-Karls-Universitat Tubingen, Otfried-Muller-Str.10, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.. Keywords:Platelets, platelet and soluble glycoprotein vi, biomarker, plaque imaging, antithrombotic therapy, molecular imaging, diagnosis, structure, regulation, knockout mice. Abstract: One of the key receptors involved in the prothrombotic stage of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is platelet glycoprotein VI (GPVI). This constitutively expressed collagen receptor is platelet-specific and has shown to be a useful biomarker tool for the early detection of atheroslerotic diseases such as ACS and ischemic stroke. In a multimarker panel of several biomarkers, platelet GPVI may contribute to risk stratification and prediction of clinical outcome in patients with symptomatic ...

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), an important pro-inflammatory cytokine, is over-expressed in plaques of psoriasis and increased levels are found in the sera of patients with psoriasis. Promoter polymorphisms of the MIF gene are associated with increased production of MIF and have been found to confer increased risk of susceptibility to chronic inflammatory diseases. We investigated whether there is an association between promoter polymorphisms of the MIF gene and chronic plaque psoriasis. Two hundred and twenty-eight UK caucasian patients with chronic plaque psoriasis, and a control panel of 401 UK caucasian normal volunteers were studied. MIF promoter polymorphisms were genotyped by allelic discrimination, or by a fluorescently labeled primer method, and capillary gel electrophoresis. Carriage of either the MIF-173*C polymorphism or the MIF CATT(7) polymorphism was positively correlated with psoriasis (odds ratios (OR) 1.52 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.05-2.19 (p=0.024) and OR 1.67 95%

Activation of the IL-6/Stat3 via IL-6 trans-signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Colitis-associated cancer (CAC) is a large bowel cancer and occurs with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease. The role of the IL-6/Stat3 in the development of CAC has not been fully understood. We investigate whether IL-6 trans-signaling contributes to the development of CAC using a mouse colitis-associated premalignant cancer (CApC) model. Chronic colitis (CC) was induced in BALB/c mice using dextran sodium sulfate. CApC was induced by dextran sodium sulfate treatment to CC-affected mice. IL-6 expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining in colon. Phospho-Stat3 expression was examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis. The expression of IL-6 receptors (i.e., the IL-6R alpha-chain and gp130) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme in the colon was examined by laser-capture microdissection and ...

Mammary-derived growth inhibitor (MDGI) is a tumor suppressor gene that is maximally expressed in terminally differentiated mammary epithelial cells. The MDGI gene is silenced in human breast cancer cell lines and in many primary human and experimental breast tumors. We demonstrate that the antiestrogens 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH tamoxifen) and ICI 182780 (ICI) stimulate MDGI expression in vitro. Dose-dependent MDGI mRNA accumulation was observed when ICI was added to the culture medium of mammary explants. Both 4-OH tamoxifen and ICI stabilized MDGI mRNA without affecting the transcription rate of the MDGI gene. Under estrogen-free conditions, the half-life of MDGI mRNA in control explants was approximately 6 h. This half-life was increased to 7.5 h in the presence of 10(-7) M 4-OH tamoxifen and to greater than 12 h in the presence of 10(-7) M ICI. There was a positive correlation between the antiproliferative activity of antiestrogens and their ability to stabilize MDGI mRNA. The up-regulation ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Recombinant human thrombopoietin in combination with granulocyte colony- stimulating factor enhances mobilization of peripheral blood progenitor cells, increases peripheral blood platelet concentration, and accelerates hematopoietic recovery following high-dose chemotherapy. AU - Somlo, George. AU - Sniecinski, Irena. AU - Ter Veer, Anna. AU - Longmate, Jeffrey. AU - Knutson, Gaylord. AU - Vuk-Pavlovic, Stanimir. AU - Bhatia, Ravi. AU - Chow, Warren. AU - Leong, Lucille. AU - Morgan, Robert. AU - Margolin, Kim. AU - Raschko, James. AU - Shibata, Stephen. AU - Tetef, Merry. AU - Yen, Yun. AU - Forman, Stephen. AU - Jones, Dennie. AU - Ashby, Mark. AU - Fyfe, Gwen. AU - Hellmann, Susan. AU - Doroshow, James H.. PY - 1999/5/1. Y1 - 1999/5/1. N2 - Lineage-specific growth factors mobilize peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) and accelerate hematopoietic recovery after high-dose chemotherapy. Recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) may further increase the progenitor-cell content ...

Cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of conditions such as Graves' Disease and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. But what exactly are cytokines? They are similar to hormones, and some sources actually classify them as a type of hormone. Either way, cytokines are immunomodulating proteins, peptides, or glycoproteins that are involved in cellular communication (1). They are regulators of host responses to infection, immune responses, inflammation, and trauma (2).. Certain cytokines play a pro-inflammatory role in autoimmune conditions such as Graves' Disease and Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. In other words, these cytokines promote inflammation. Two examples of pro-inflammatory cytokines include Interleukin 1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). However, there are also anti-inflammatory cytokines, as these cytokines act in concert with specific cytokine inhibitors and soluble cytokine receptors to regulate the human immune response (3).. What Role Do Cytokines Play In ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in ovalbumin-induced airway inflammation in rats. AU - Kobayashi, M.. AU - Nasuhara, Y.. AU - Kamachi, A.. AU - Tanino, Y.. AU - Betsuyaku, Tomoko. AU - Yamaguchi, E.. AU - Nishihira, J.. AU - Nishimura, M.. PY - 2006/4. Y1 - 2006/4. N2 - Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that reportedly counteracts the anti-inflammatory effect of endogenous glucocorticoids. There have only been a few reports that demonstrate a potential link between MIF and bronchial asthma. In an attempt to further clarify the precise role of MIF in asthma, the present authors examined the effect of anti-MIF antibody (Ab) on airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in an ovalbumin-immunised rat asthma model. Actively immunised Brown Norway rats received ovalbumin inhalation with or without treatment of anti-MIF Ab. The levels of MIF in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were significantly elevated after the ovalbumin ...

Background: Antidepressant drugs (ADs) have been shown to activate BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) receptor TrkB in the rodent brain but the mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. ADs act as monoamine reuptake inhibitors and after prolonged treatments regulate brain bdnf mRNA levels indicating that monoamine-BDNF signaling regulate AD-induced TrkB activation in vivo. However, recent findings demonstrate that Trk receptors can be transactivated independently of their neurotrophin ligands. Methodology: In this study we examined the role of BDNF, TrkB kinase activity and monoamine reuptake in the AD-induced TrkB activation in vivo and in vitro by employing several transgenic mouse models, cultured neurons and TrkB-expressing cell lines. Principal Findings: Using a chemical-genetic TrkB(F616A) mutant and TrkB overexpressing mice, we demonstrate that ADs specifically activate both the maturely and immaturely glycosylated forms of TrkB receptors in the brain in a TrkB kinase ...

Mucin-1 expression is lower in peri-implantation endometrium of women with recurrent pregnancy loss than in controls, but pinopode morphology and coverage, and leukemia inhibitory factor and integrin-b3 expression are similar.

The adipocyte-specific hormone leptin, the product of the obese (ob) gene, regulates adipose-tissue mass through hypothalamic effects on satiety and energy expenditure. Leptin acts through the leptin receptor, a single-transmembrane-domain receptor of the cytokine-receptor family. In rodents, homozy …

Architecture of arachnoid trabeculae, pillars, and septa in the subarachnoid space of the human optic nerve: anatomy and clinical considerations ...

The propagation of pluripotential mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells is sustained by leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) or related cytokines that act through a common receptor complex comprising the LIF receptor subunit (LIF-R) and the signal transducer gp130. However, the findings that embryos lacking LIF-R or gp130 can develop beyond gastrulation argue for the existence of an alternative pathway(s) governing the maintenance of pluripotency in vivo. In order to define those factors that contribute to self-renewal in ES cell cultures, we have generated ES cells in which both copies of the lif gene are deleted. These cells showed a significantly reduced capacity for regeneration of stem cell colonies when induced to differentiate, confirming that LIF is the major endogenous regulatory cytokine in ES cell cultures. However, self-renewal was not abolished and undifferentiated ES cell colonies were still obtained in the complete absence of LIF. A differentiated, LIF-deficient, parietal endoderm-like cell ...

LIF is twice transiently expressed in the mouse uterus, first at the time of ovulation and again just prior to implantation, and studies have demonstrated a beneficial influence of this cytokine on embryo development in several species. We have investigated the effect of LIF on gametes in vitro, on the hypothesis that the ovulatory peak of LIF can exert an influence on gametes present within the oviduct. We also investigated the effect of LIF on in vitro fertilization and embryo development, in oocytes from adult sheep and from prepubertal lambs that lack the preovulatory hormone surge and that are unable to sustain early embryonic development. A higher rate of pronuclear-stage embryos derived from both, adult and prepubertal female, was obtained when in vitro fertilization was performed in the presence of LIF, and there was an improved cleavage of parthenogenetic embryos when incubated with LIF immediately following activation. In contrast, LIF was found to have no influence on the viability of ...

Artist: Eddie Halliwell Title: Fire It Up 559 Air Date: 16-March-2020 Genre: Techno Type: DJ Mix, DJ Set Quality: 192kpbs 44100kHz Duration: 56:34 Size: 77.86 MB Short audio cuts: (for pre-listening only.)Tracklist: In Search... Download Link: Eddie Halliwell - Fire It Up 559 (16-March-2020)

GPVI is the major platelet collagen receptor to mediate cellular activation, which is a prerequisite for efficient adhesion, aggregation, degranulation, and coagulant activity on the matrix protein.48,50 GPVI (62 kDa) is a type I transmembrane receptor expressed exclusively in platelets and megakaryocytes.51 It contains 2 Ig-C2-like extracellular domains formed by disulphide bonds, a mucin-like stalk, a transmembrane region, and a short 51-aa cytoplasmic tail.51 GPVI harbors a positively charged arginine in its transmembrane region which allows it to undergo a noncovalent association with the Fc receptor-γ (FcRγ) chain, the ITAM-bearing signal transducing subunit also complexed with a variety of immune receptors.52,53 The GPVI cytosolic tail contains a proline-rich motif that binds selectively to the SH3 domain of the Src family tyrosine kinases, Fyn, and Lyn. Crosslinking of GPVI by ligand binding brings Fyn and Lyn into contact with the FcRγ-chain, resulting in tyrosine phosphorylation of ...

Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine belonging to the gp130 family, whose members serve pleiotropic functions. However, several actions of OSM are unique from those of other gp130 cytokines, and these actions may have critical roles in inflammatory mechanisms influencing several metabolic and biological functions of insulin-sensitive tissues. In this review, the actions of OSM in adipose tissue and liver are discussed, with an emphasis on lipid metabolism.

Burkholderia stabilis strain LMG14294 histidinol-phosphate aminotransferase (hisC) gene, partial cds; imidazole glycerol phosphate dehydratase (hisB), multiple antibiotic resistance-related protein (marC), imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase glutamine amidotransferase subunit (hisH), phosphoribosylformimino-5-aminoimidazole carboxamide ribotide isomerase (hisA), imidazole glycerol phosphate synthase subunit (hisF), phosphoribosyl-AMP cyclohydrolase (hisI), and phosphoribosyl-ATP pyrophosphohydrolase (hisE) genes, complete cds; and membrane protein gene, partial ...