TY - JOUR. T1 - Glucose phosphorylation as a barrier to muscle glucose uptake. AU - Fueger, Patrick T.. PY - 2005/4. Y1 - 2005/4. N2 - 1. Glucose phosphorylation is the first irreversible step of the muscle glucose uptake pathway and is catalysed by a hexokinase isozyme. 2. While glucose transport is the primary barrier to muscle glucose uptake during basal conditions, glucose phosphorylation becomes an important barrier to muscle glucose uptake during stimulated conditions such as hyperinsulinaemia or exercise. 3. High fat feeding markedly impairs insulin- and exercise-stimulated muscle glucose uptake. As hexokinase II overexpression corrects this dietary-induced deficit during exercise, glucose phosphorylation is a site of impairment following high fat feeding. 4. Exercise is an important tool for diagnosing deficits in glucose phosphorylation.. AB - 1. Glucose phosphorylation is the first irreversible step of the muscle glucose uptake pathway and is catalysed by a hexokinase isozyme. 2. While ...
Hexokinase II is often highly expressed in poorly differentiated and rapidly growing tumors that exhibit a high rate of aerobic glycolysis. Hexokinase II binds to the mitochondrial membrane through its interaction with the outer membrane voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), preferentially at contact sites between the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane. This location is thought to be important for the integration of glycolysis with mitochondrial energy metabolism. VDAC is a critical component of the mitochondrial phase of apoptosis and its interaction with Bcl-2 family proteins controls the rate of release of mitochondrial intermembrane space proteins that activate the execution phase of apoptosis. The proteins involved in the contact sites also constitute the mitochondrial permeability transition, one of the mechanisms by which mitochondrial protein release can be mediated. Hexokinase II binding to VDAC suppresses the release of intermembrane space proteins and inhibits apoptosis, thereby ...
1. A number of reactive triazine dyes specifically and irreversibly inactive yeast hexokinase at pH 8.5 and 33 degrees C. Under these conditions, the enzyme is readily inactivated by 100 microM-Procion Green H-4G, Blue H-B, Turquoise H-7G and Turquoise H-A, is less readily inactivated by Procion Brown H-2G. Green HE-4BD, Red HE-3B and Yellow H-5G and is not inactivated at all by Procion Yellow H-A. 2. The inactivation of hexokinase by Procion Green H-4G is competitively inhibited by the adenine nucleotides ATP and ADP and the sugar substrates D-glucose, D-mannose and D-fructose but not by nonsubstrates such as D-arabinose and D-galactose. 3. Quantitatively inhibited hexokinase contains approx. 1 mol of dye per mol of monomer of mol.wt. 51000. The inhibition is irreversible and activity cannot be recovered on incubation with high concentration (20 mM) of ATP or D-glucose. 4. Mg2+ protects the enzyme against inactivation by Procion Green H-4G but enhances the rate of inactivation by all the other ...
Considerable differences in steady-state hexokinase specific activity were found in 16 N.C.I.B. strains of Klebsiella aerogenes grown in identical conditions in glucose-limited chemostats. Strains of N.C.I.B. 8258 had no detectable activity, but its glucose-phosphoenolpyruvate phosphotransferase specific activity and that of the other strains were closely similar, and it is concluded that this phosphotransferase activity regulates the overall utilization of glucose, in which hexokinase plays no essential role. The hexokinase activity was subject to regulation by the availability of phosphorus, but this did not affect the glucose phosphotransferase activity. tlactose-grown organisms (including strain N.C.I.B. 8258) had no glucose phosphotransferase activity, but more than adequate hexokinase activity to phosphorylate the intracellularly liberated glucose. ...
Mitochondrially bound hexokinase (ATP-D-hexose-6-phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.1.1) was dissociatively extracted from normal rat brains and intracerebral and subcutaneous implants of the 36B-10 glioma. At least 70% of the total hexokinase enzyme activity in normal and glioma tissue was associated with …
Hexokinase and glucose complex. Molecular model of a complex between the enzyme hexokinase and the sugar glucose. Hexokinase promotes the conversion (phosphorylation) of glucose into glucose 6-phosphate. Cells then use the glucose 6-phosphate when they require energy. - Stock Image C025/1477
1IG8: The high resolution crystal structure of yeast hexokinase PII with the correct primary sequence provides new insights into its mechanism of action.
1IG8: The high resolution crystal structure of yeast hexokinase PII with the correct primary sequence provides new insights into its mechanism of action.
A 34 year old man presented with an 8 year history of mild muscle pain and stiffness on exertion especially in the cold. Clinical examination was normal. Apart from a mild persistent leucocytosis, his routine investigations were normal including creatine kinase activity, electromyography and nerve conduction studies. An ischaemic exercise test produced a slow and incomplete rise in lactate. Histological examination showed non-specific myopathic changes in some quadriceps femoris muscle fibres. Investigation of muscle metabolism by spectrofluorometric analysis of muscle enzyme activity and by muscle fibre incubation studies revealed a severe defect in glucose phosphorylation, associated with an electrophoretically abnormal hexokinase. Further metabolic studies suggest that the block in glucose metabolism is by-passed via an enhanced phosphorylation of fructose by the abnormal hexokinase.. ...
This study reports the isolation and characterization of the human hexokinase II (HKII) gene. This gene is ∼ 50 kilobases in length and contains 18 exons, ranging in size from 96 to 2,536 base pairs, that are exactly the same size as the corresponding exons in the rat HKII gene. A cDNA representing the entire open reading frame for HKII was synthesized using a series of polymerase chain reactions with human skeletal muscle RNA as the template, and this allowed us to deduce the complete structure of the HKII mRNA. The human HKII mRNA has 431 nucleotides (nt) of 5′ noncoding sequence, 2,751 nt of coding sequence, and 2,394 nt of 3′ noncoding sequence. The open reading frame encodes a protein of 917 amino acids with an estimated molecular mass of 102.4 kDa. There is a high degree of similarity in the amino acid and nt sequences of the rat and human glucokinase and HKII proteins and genes. This, coupled with the observation that the exon sizes are conserved, suggests a common evolutionary ...
The balanced release of insulin and glucagon by the endocrine pancreas is an important feature of glucose homeostasis in mammals. Adaptation of hormonal output from the endocrine pancreas to...
Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes a ubiquitous form of hexokinase which localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants which encode different isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016 ...
A number of recent studies have demonstrated the usefulness of human skeletal muscle cells in primary culture to investigate the action of insulin on glucose metabolism and on the regulation of gene expression (16-23). It has been consistently reported that myotubes from patients with type 2 diabetes display several metabolic defects that characterize in vivo insulin resistance of skeletal muscle, including reduced stimulation of glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis (16,19-23). We show here that the regulation by insulin of p85α PI 3-kinase and hexokinase II gene expression is also altered in myotubes from patients with type 2 diabetes. The transcriptional regulation of specific genes is one of the important biological actions of insulin (29). The expression of a number of genes has been found to be controlled by insulin in human skeletal muscle, and we recently reported that the regulation of p85α PI 3-kinase and hexokinase II expression is altered in the muscle of patients with type 2 ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Kinetic and proteomic analyses of S-nitrosoglutathione-treated hexokinase A. T2 - Consequences for cancer energy metabolism. AU - Miller, S.. AU - Ross-Inta, C.. AU - Giulivi, Cecilia R. PY - 2007/5. Y1 - 2007/5. N2 - Mammalian hexokinase (HXK) is found at the outer mitochondrial membrane, exposed to mitochondrial oxygen- and nitrogen-radicals. Given the important role of this enzyme in metabolic pathways and diseases, the effect of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) on HXK A structure and activity was studied. To focus on the catalytic domain, yeast HXK A was used because it has a significant homology to the mammalian domain that contains both the regulatory and catalytic sites. Biologically relevant [GSNO]/[HXK] caused a significant decrease in Vmax with glucose (but not with fructose), along with oxidation of 5 Met and nitration of 4 Tyr. Preincubation of HXK with glucose abrogated the effect of GSNO whereas fructose was ineffective. These results are interpreted by considering the ...
As Provost and Executive Vice President, Pedersen will help outline CSUs strategic priorities.. Student success is priority No. 1. Get them to graduation, she said.. In her first months at CSU, Pedersen will engage in an accelerated learning curve on all aspects of Colorado State.. I want to meet as many people as possible and help to identify what our strategic goals should be, Pedersen said, noting she will meet with each division to begin understanding their strategic goals and budgets. We will sit down together and work together.. Kathleen Enz Finken, who served as Provost at Cal-Poly before retiring in July of 2019, praised Pedersens leadership and ability to find solutions to complex challenges through collaboration.. Dr. Pedersen is a leader of deep experience and great integrity Enz Finken said. She has demonstrated passion and skill in successfully navigating the many challenges we face in higher education. She believes that a university will thrive when you actively support ...
Hexokinase catalyzes the first step of glycolysis, converting glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. There are four mammalian hexokinase isoforms (I, II, III, and VI) that differ in tissue distribution and catalytic kinetics.
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Distant spread is shown with whole body radionuclide studies or additional imaging modalities. A technetium-99m (99mTc) bone scan can detect lesions as small as 2 mm and will pick up on 5-15% alteration in local bone turnover. Bone destruction in both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions can be identified 2-18 months earlier than traditional plain film radiographs. Plasmacytoma may present the unique problem in that it may be purely lytic, and therefore not detected by an ordinary bone scan. In these cases 99mTc-sestamibi has been demonstrated as a very useful modality with a specificity of 96% and a sensitivity of 92%. MRI as an alternative can be considered the standard in todays terms.. Positron emission tomography (PET scan) with tracer fluorine-18 (F-18) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is growing in prominence as a modality used in musculoskeletal oncology. This glucose analog tracer assimilated by glucose-using cells is phosphorylated by hexokinase (mitochondrial hexokinase is greatly increased ...
Gary Pedersen, the recently-appointed Executive Director of the Department of Chemistry, has received a 2006 Distinguished Staff Award from the University of Washington. Pedersen was one of two staff members from the College of Arts and Sciences to receive an award, which recognizes staff who contribute to the mission of their unit or the University, respond creatively to challenges, maintain the highest standards in their work, establish productive working relationships, and promote a respectful and supportive workplace. Pedersen, who was Administrator in Chemistry from 1987-2000, has recently returned to the Department of Chemistry after spending several years in the College of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, and we are happy to have him back.. For more information on Pedersens award, please see the original article from A&S Perspectives.. ...
Fig. 3 Anti-miR-181a attenuates HKII expression and H2O2-induced cell death of MSCs. a Effect of anti-miR-181a on HKII expression was examined by western blot. *p , 0.05. b Effect of anti-miR-181a on the survival of MSCs exposed to H2O2 was evaluated. *p , 0.05 compared to untreated control. #p , 0.05 compared to H2O2 only treated group. c Effect of anti-miR-181a on H2O2-induced mitochondrial membrane potential disturbance was examined by using cytometry with TMRM. *p , 0.05 compared to untreated control. **p , 0.05 compared to H2O2 only treated group. The quantitative data were expressed as the mean ± s.e.m of at least three independent experiments.. Discussion. One of the major problems of cell therapy is low survival rate of transplanted cells. Thus developing an effective strategy to enhance the survival of the transplanted cells is of importance. Here, we report that miRNA-depend-ent modulation of HKII improves the survival of MSCs exposed to ROS.. The anti-apoptotic activity of HKII is ...
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Glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase (HK) in the presence of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and magnesium to form glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). G-6-P is then oxidized by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) producing 6-phosphogluconate and NADH ...
The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a metabolic pathway that parallels glycolysis. In cells, within the cytosol, glucose is converted into glucose 6-phosphate (catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase), which can then either 1) enter glycolysis (and subsequent glucose oxidation via citric acid cycle) to produce ATP, or 2) enter the PPP. The PPP (diagram below) is primarily an anabolic pathway; the primary purpose being the following: to produce molecules (specifically 5 carbon sugars, and Ribose-5-phosphate) used for fatty acid synthesis, nucleic acid synthesis, and protein synthesis. However, another important purpose of the PPP is to produce NADPH, a high energy. ...
Role of AMPK2 in basal, training-, and AICAR-induced GLUT4, hexokinase II, and mitochondrial protein expression in mouse muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292: E331-E339, 2007. First published September 5, 2006; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00243.2006.- We investigated the role of AMPK2 in basal, exercise training-, and AICAR-induced protein expression of GLUT4, hexokinase II (HKII), mitochondrial markers, and AMPK…
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Hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1) [1,2] is an important glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the phosphorylation of keto- and aldohexoses (e.g. glucose, mannose and fructose) using MgATP as the phosphoryl donor. In vertebrates there are four major isoenzymes, commonly referred as types I, II, III and IV. Type IV hexokinase, which is often incorrectly designated glucokinase [3], is only expressed in liver and pancreatic β-cells and plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion; it is a protein of a molecular mass of about 50 Kd. Hexokinases of types I to III, which have low Km values for glucose, have a molecular mass of about 100 Kd. Structurally they consist of a very small N-terminal hydrophobic membrane-binding domain followed by two highly similar domains of 450 residues. The first domain has lost its catalytic activity and has evolved into a regulatory domain. In yeast there are three different isoenzymes: hexokinase PI (gene HXK1), PII (gene HXKB), and glucokinase (gene GLK1). All three ...
De Barros Damgaard, P., Marchi, N., Rasmussen, S., Peyrot, M., Renaud, G., Korneliussen, T., Moreno-Mayar, J. V., Pedersen, M. W., Goldberg, A., Usmanova, E., Baimukhanov, N., Loman, V., Hedeager, L., Pedersen, A. G., Nielsen, K., Afanasiev, G., Akmatov, K., Aldashev, A., Alpaslan, A., Baimbetov, G. & 55 others, Bazaliiskii, V. I., Beisenov, A., Boldbaatar, B., Boldgiv, B., Dorzhu, C., Ellingvag, S., Erdenebaatar, D., Dajani, R., Dmitriev, E., Evdokimov, V., Frei, K. M., Gromov, A., Goryachev, A., Hakonarson, H., Hegay, T., Khachatryan, Z., Khaskhanov, R., Kitov, E., Kolbina, A., Kubatbek, T., Kukushkin, A., Kukushkin, I., Lau, N., Margaryan, A., Merkyte, I., Mertz, I. V., Mertz, V. K., Mijiddorj, E., Moiyesev, V., Mukhtarova, G., Nurmukhanbetov, B., Orozbekova, Z., Panyushkina, I., Pieta, K., Smrčka, V., Shevnina, I., Logvin, A., Sjögren, K. G., Štolcová, T., Tashbaeva, K., Tkachev, A., Tulegenov, T., Voyakin, D., Yepiskoposyan, L., Undrakhbold, S., Varfolomeev, V., Weber, A., Kradin, N., ...
Eating for Charisma is the secret no one talks about, says Pedersen. When you lose weight, get fit and get glowing, you increase your magnetism.. When you increase you magnetism, almost anything becomes possible, she explains.. Once you change your health, you become an irresistible magnet for success -in love, money, career and life, Pedersen says. You become more charismatic, and everyone you come in contact with responds to your presence in increasingly positive ways with equally positive outcomes.. Charismatic Eating is a featured presentation at the #140You conference, with its focus on Health, Wellness, Fitness & Food. The conference is for individuals considering a beneficial life change, but who seek the inspiration - and extra push - they need to move forward and start their journey to looking and feeling great.. Well take a personal look at how the health, fitness, wellness and food influencers affect us directly, says Jeff Keni Pulver, conference organizer. Its a very ...
Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes a ubiquitous form of hexokinase which localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency. Alternative splicing of this gene results in five transcript variants which encode different isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific. Each isoform has a distinct N-terminus; the remainder of the protein is identical among all the isoforms. A sixth transcript variant has been described, but due to the presence of several stop codons, it is not thought to encode a protein ...
HK3 - HK3 (untagged)-Human hexokinase 3 (white cell) (HK3), nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial protein available for purchase from OriGene - Your Gene Company.
[1] Hong, S. and Pedersen, P.L. (2008) ATP synthase and the actions of inhibitors utilized to study its roles in human health, disease, and other scientific areas. Microbiology Molecular Biology Reviews, 72, 590-641.doi10.1128/MMBR.00016-08
Bowman, L., Hopewell, J. C., Chen, F., Wallendszus, K., Stevens, W., Collins, R., Wiviott, S. D., Cannon, C. P., Braunwald, E., Sammons, E., Landray, M. J., HPS3/TIMI55-REVEAL Collaborative Group, Schmidt, E. B., Dinesen, P. T., Gammelmark, A., Rix, T. A., Vadmann, H., Andersen, K. P., Christensen, B., Kobbelgaard, L. H. & 3 flere, Mikkelsen, B. C., Pedersen, M. S. & Torp-Pedersen, C., 28 sep. 2017, I : The New England Journal of Medicine. 377, 13, s. 1217-1227 11 s.. Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › peer review ...
Dive into the research topics where John K. Pedersen is active. These topic labels come from the works of this person. Together they form a unique fingerprint ...
OByrne, P.M., Pedersen, S., Lamm, C.J., Tan, W.C., Busse, W.W.; START Investigators Group (2009) Severe exacerbations and decline in lung function in asthma. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medi- cine, 179, 19-24. doi10.1164/rccm.200807-1126OC
The function of science and expertise from the area research to the identification and exploration of the mineral assets is highly commendable. This can be as a consequence of specific selections for STEM Careers in technology fields exclusive of science or engineering. 2, D to F ) ( 12 ). Once more, we observed a differential impact of DHODH inhibition depending on the affinity of the peptide used, which was moreover illustrated by era evaluation of proliferating CD8+ T cells ( Fig.. In MS, the focus has been mainly on metabolic disturbances inside the CNS, particularly in neurons and axons, and mitochondrial harm, and changes in glucose-metabolizing enzymes have been described in energetic MS lesions ( 32 , 33 ). In peripheral immune cells from patients with RRMS, a research advised that these cells would possibly exhibit altered activities in several complexes of the electron transport chain and key enzymes of glycolysis resembling hexokinase I pointing toward an impaired mitochondrial ...
Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Leonardo M Saraiva, Gisele S Seixas da Silva, Antonio Galina, Wagner S da-Silva, William L Klein, Sérgio T Ferreira, Fernanda G De Felice].
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Rabbit Polyclonal Anti-Hexokinase 2 Antibody. Validated: WB, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-P. Tested Reactivity: Human, Mouse, Rat, and more. 100% Guaranteed.
drm:Dred_1810 K00844 hexokinase [EC:2.7.1.1] , (GenBank) hexokinase (A) MGRLARKLNQIEKDFYLSLGMVNDIARNFRAEMVAGQSGDSSLKMLHTFITPPTGQETGE FLAVDFGGTNVRIQLVELLGKGRYRIRKNHSVMLCDPAGSYDYTLECTSGEELFDFIVEQ IVKLIDNKTHYFLGHTFSFPTKQIDPARAILINWTKEFKTAGTEGKEVTSLLENALKRKS IRNVQPLSIINDTTATLLTAAYGNDCANIGSICGTGHNTCYLEAAAGPVIINMESGNFNK FPLTTFDLVLNEASEQPNLQQLEKAVSGRYVGEIVRLIILDFVAEKMLFSRGINGIDEPF SIQAPEVSLMIRGNHKPDDLLDLAHWVGVKWCVKSPSADELIALRCIAQTVICRASRLIA ATFLGVLQHIDPELKSRQVIGIDGSMFQNMPFFLQGILEIFSNIYEDKAANIVLKYIRDA SGVGAAIAAARMKSLQVKGN ...
lma:LMJF_21_0240 K00844 hexokinase [EC:2.7.1.1] , (RefSeq) putative hexokinase (A) MAARVNNLLSHIAIRDSDSEEMRYIKQRLALASLATQFTMSSEKMKQLTMYMIHEMVEGL EGRPSTVRMLPSFVYTSDPAKATGVYYALDLGGTNFRVLRVSLRGGKVDDRTDSKFVIPK SALVGDATDLFDFIAQSVKKMMSENAPDDLEKRVPLGFTFSFPVDQKAVNKGLLIKWTKG FSTKNVEGNDVVELLQASLRRVRVNVNVVALCNDTVGTLVARYFVDTDVQVGVIIGTGSN ACYFERASAVTKDPAVSARGNAVTPINMECGNFDSKYKYALPITVYDDEMDAITPNRENQ RQEKLVSGMYLGEISRRLIVHLAQLGCLPRGLVDGLCRPWAFESKHMGMIAADQMPGLQF TRELIKRIAGVDMADISDLHTIRETCCLVRNRAAQQGAVFTAAPMLKTRTQGLATVAVDG SVYEKTPSFQRLYQECITSILGSTSNVKVVLQRDGSGVGAAMICALAANTK ...
Complete information for HK2 gene (Protein Coding), Hexokinase 2, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
Complete information for HK1 gene (Protein Coding), Hexokinase 1, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium
Retroviruses comprise a large group of animal viruses. These viruses have attracted attention because of a) their unique replication cycle that involves copying of genetic information from RNA to DNA by reverse transcription and insertion of viral DNA into the genome of the host cell, b) the pathogenicity of some of viruses in man and animals, c) the extensive occurrence of retroviral sequences in the normal genome of man and animals, and d) the exploitation of retrovirus-based gene-transfer vehicles as tools in research and in gene-therapy trials ...
Glucokinase (also called GCK, hexokinase type IV or D and ATP: D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase; EC 2.7.1.1) is expressed in specific types of tissues: liver, pancreas, small intestine and brain. Glucokinase functions as a glucose sensor, triggering shifts in carbohydrate metabolism or cell function in response to the levels of glucose in blood, such as nutritional and hormonal molecular pathways. Unlike other Hexokinases, Glucokinase has a relatively low affinity for glucose and it is not inhibited by physiological concentrations of glucose 6-phosphate. Mutations in the gene encoding GCK can cause both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Due to the major role of Glucokinase in controlling blood glucose homeostasis, Glucokinase is currently considered as a strong candidate target for the treatment of Hyperglycemia, a condition encountered in Type 2 Diabetic patients. Assay Genies Glucokinase Activity Assay Kit provides a quick and easy method for monitoring GCK activity in wide variety of samples. In ...
The enzyme activities and isozyme distribution of the three glycolytic regulator enzymes hexokinase, phosphofructokinase and pyruvate kinase were studied in lymphocytes of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Isozyme distribution patterns were determined by kinetic measurements, electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation. The CLL lymphocytes were different from normal non-T lymphocytes with respect to hexokinase ... read more residual activity in the presence of glucose-1,6-P2, pyruvate kinase residual activity in the presence of alanine, and phosphofructokinase activity after stimulation by glucose-1,6-P2. No differences could be discerned in enzyme activities between the CLL and the normal T and non-T lymphocytes. show less ...
A hexokinase preparation was obtained from aSaccharomyces cereviaiae mutant strain deficient in glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) and mannosephosphate isomerase (MPI) by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. The supernatant fraction corresponding to 40 - 60 % saturation showed the lowest content in GPI and MPI activity. The fraction was used without further purification in the determination of glucose, either free or in a mixture with fructose and mannose. The results were similar to those obtained with pure commercial hexokinase.
After entering the muscle cell, glucose is immediately and irreversibly phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate by hexokinases (HK) I and II. Previous studies in rodents have shown that HKII may be the dominant HK in skeletal muscle. Reduced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and reduced glucose-6-phosphate concentrations in muscle have been found in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients when examined during a hyperglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. These findings [correction of finding] are consistent with a defect in glucose transport and/or phosphorylation. In the present study comprising 29 NIDDM patients and 25 matched controls, we tested the hypothesis that HKII activity and gene expression are impaired in vastus lateralis muscle of NIDDM patients when examined in the fasting state. HKII activity in a supernatant of muscle extract accounted for 28 +/- 5% in NIDDM patients and 40 +/- 5% in controls (P = 0.08) of total muscle HK activity when measured at a glucose media of 0.11 ...
In cancer, glycolysis driving enzymes and their regulating microRNAs are one of the key focus of oncology research lately. The glycolytic enzyme hexokinase 2 (HK2) is crucial for the Warburg effect in human glioma, the most common malignant brain tumor. In the present study, we studied the tumorigenic role of HK2 in glioma, and clarified the mechanism of miR-218 induced HK2 regulation in glioma development. The HK2 expression in patient derived glioma and non neoplastic brain tissue was quantified. The HK2 silenced U87 and U251 cell lines were assessed for their proliferation, migration and invasive potential in vitro, while the tumor forming potential of U87 cells was evaluated in vivo ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Colorectal tumor cells treated with 5FU, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and cetuximab exhibit changes in 18F-FDG incorporation corresponding with hexokinase activity and glucose transport. AU - Sharma, Rituka I.. AU - Smith, Tim A. D. PY - 2008/8. Y1 - 2008/8. N2 - The purpose of this study was to determine therapy-induced changes in F-18-FDG incorporation at the colorectal tumor cell level in response to conventional and novel chemotherapy agents and examine how these changes relate to factors involved in F-18-FDG incorporation. Methods: SW620 cells were treated with inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) doses (determined by MTT) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin, and irinotecan; HCT-8 cells were treated with IC50 doses of irinotecan, cetuximab, and irinotecan plus cetuximab. F-18-FDG incorporation, glucose transport, hexokinase (HK) activity, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, annexin V binding, and cell cycle distribution were determined after 24-, 48-, and 72-h treatments. ...
Several hundred new mutations in the gene (HXK2) encoding hexokinase II of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated, and a subset of them was mapped, resulting in a fine-structure genetic map. Among the mutations that were sequenced, 35 were independent missense mutations. The mutations were obtained by mutagenesis of cloned HXK2 DNA carried on a low-copy-number plasmid vector and screened for a number of different phenotypes in yeast strains bearing chromosomal hxk1 and hxk2 null mutations. Some of these mutants were characterized both in vivo and in vitro; they displayed a wide spectrum of residual hexokinase activities, as indicated by three assays: in vitro enzyme activity, ability to grow on glucose and fructose, and ability to repress invertase production when growing on glucose. Of those that failed to support growth on fructose, only a small minority made normal-size, stable, and inactive protein. Analysis of the amino acid changes in these mutants in light of the crystallographically ...
The notes are very useful indeed. Although the term is often taken to be synonymous with the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway, other glycolytic pathways exist, among them the Entner-Doudoroff pathway that proceeds via a gluconic acid intermediate and a complex set … Glycolysis Questions and Answers. It occures in practically all life as we know it and its all about taking glucose as a fuel and, in the process of breaking it up, lycing the glucose, glycolysis, breaking it up into two pyruvate molecules. What are the functions of glycolysis? In the first step of glycolysis, the glucose is initiated or primed for the subsequent steps by phosphorylation at the C. The process involves the transfer of phosphate from the ATP to glucose forming Glucose-6-phosphate in the presence of the enzyme hexokinase and glucokinase (in animals and microbes). Glycolysis is defined as an enzymatic breakdown of carbohydrates (as glucose) by way of phosphate derivatives with the production of pyruvic or lactic ...
Reference: Ilin V.S., Kildema L.A., On the effect of cortisone and insulin on the activity of hexokinase in leukocytes, Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii, 1962, vol: 8(4), 374-376 ...
Biofilter effects on micro particle dynamics. / Fernandes, Paulo; Pedersen, Lars-Flemming; Pedersen, Per Bovbjerg.. 3rd NordicRAS Workshop on Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Molde, Norway, 30 September - 1 October 2015: Book of Abstracts. ed. / Anne-Johanne Tang Dalsgaard. National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, 2015. p. 22 (DTU Aqua Report; No. 301-2015).. Publication: Research › Conference abstract in proceedings - Annual report year: 2015 ...
Expression of selected genes in relation to phosphate (Pi) starvation and sugar sensing was studied in leaves of Arabidopsis. Excised leaf segments with different P status were supplied with combinations of Pi and sugars. Sugar-inducible genes, encoding β-amylase (β-AMY) and chalcone synthase (CHS), were also induced by P deficiency, and were more strongly regulated by sugars when leaf segments originated from P-starved plants. Furthermore, transcript levels of the P-starvation-inducible genes ACP5 (encoding an acid phosphatase), RNS1 (encoding a ribonuclease), and IPS1 (unknown function) increased in response to exogenously applied sugars. Supply of Pi to the leaf segments reversed both P-starvation-induced and sugar-induced gene expression. These interactions reveal a close relationship between P and sugar sensing. To differentiate between hexokinase-dependent and hexokinase-independent sugar sensing the effect of the glucose analogue 2-deoxyglucose and gene expression in the hexokinase-1 ...
Fructose and glucose phosphorylating enzyme. May be involved in the phosphorylation of glucose during the export from plastids to cytosol. Seems neither to be involved in cell sugar sensing nor in carbohydrate metabolism in tuber.
Lyrics to Wild At Heart by David Pedersen: People say that Im wild at heart, / Ive been like this right from the start, / People say that
Teng, B. L., Nikolova, V. D., Riddick, N. V., Agster, K. L., Crowley, J. J., Baker, L. K., Koller, B. H., Pedersen, C. A., Jarstfer, M. B. & Moy, S. S. Jun 1 2016 In : Neuropharmacology. 105, p. 61-71 11 p.. Research output: Research - peer-review › Article ...
Dive into the research topics where Felix Boel Pedersen is active. These topic labels come from the works of this person. Together they form a unique fingerprint ...
Alibris has new & used books by Karen Schou Pedersen, including hardcovers, softcovers, rare, out-of-print first editions, signed copies, and more.
A key hallmark of cancer cells is their capacity to metabolize glucose at an elevated rate (1, 2). Critical to this highly glycolytic phenotype is the first enzymatic step of glycolysis, catalyzed by hexokinase (HK), during which glucose is phosphorylated and thereby trapped within the cell. There are four HK enzymes in mammals, HK1, HK2, HK3, and glucokinase (GCK), which are structurally similar but expressed in a tissue- specific manner (3). Remarkably, only HK2 is overexpressed in cancer cells (4) and contributes to the high glycolytic rate in tumors (5). Given the selective expression of HK2 in cancer, Patra and colleagues (6) investigated whether targeting this particular glycolytic enzyme could be used for cancer therapy.. Several previous studies have reported that inhibition of HK2 can block cancer cell survival. Depletion of HK2 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft model of glioblastoma multiforme (7). Moreover, HK2 mRNA and protein levels were found to ...
The battle for third was fierce on the 4.304-kilometre Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez. For much of the race, Mikkel Pedersen (DK/Dinamic Motorsport) looked a likely contender for the third podium spot, however the two Porsche-Juniors Julien Andlauer (F/BWT Lechner Racing) and Evans as well as Dylan Pereira (L/Momo Megatron Lechner Racing) were constantly on the lookout for a chance to overtake. The final scene played out in the twelfth lap. Pedersen fended off an attack from Andlauer, both vehicles touched - Evans and Pereira grabbed the opportunity to pass them both. My start wasnt perfect, but I managed to work my way up the field. It feels great to finish the season on the podium. It was an intensive year and I learned a lot, said Evans. Thus, the order over the line was Evans in front of a strong Pereira, Andlauer and Pedersen. When I tried to overtake, my car and Mikkel Pedersens touched unfortunately, and that was the decisive moment, analysed Andlauer ...
Duplissy, J.; Enghoff, M.B.; Aplin, K.L.; Arnold, F.; Aufmhoff, H.; Avngaard, M.; Baltensperger, U.; Bondo, T.; Bingham, R.; Carslaw, K.; Curtius, J.; David, A.; Fastrup, B.; Gagne, S.; Hahn, F.; Harrison, R.G.; Kellett, B.; Kirkby, J.; Kulmala, M.; Laakso, L.; Laaksonen, A.; Lillestol, E.; Lockwood, M.; Makela, J.; Makhmutov, V.; Marsh, N.D.; Nieminen, T.; Onnela, A.; Pedersen, E.; Pedersen, J.O.P.; Polny, J.; Reichl, U.; Seinfeld, J.H.; Sipila, M.; Stozhkov, Y.; Stratmann, F.; Svensmark, H.; Svensmark, J.; Veenhof, R.; Verheggen, B.; Viisanen, Y.; Wagner, P.E.; Wehrle, G.; Weingartner, E.; Wex, H.; Wilhelmsson, M.; Winkler, P.M.; ...
Duplissy, J.; Enghoff, M.B.; Aplin, K.L.; Arnold, F.; Aufmhoff, H.; Avngaard, M.; Baltensperger, U.; Bondo, T.; Bingham, R.; Carslaw, K.; Curtius, J.; David, A.; Fastrup, B.; Gagne, S.; Hahn, F.; Harrison, R.G.; Kellett, B.; Kirkby, J.; Kulmala, M.; Laakso, L.; Laaksonen, A.; Lillestol, E.; Lockwood, M.; Makela, J.; Makhmutov, V.; Marsh, N.D.; Nieminen, T.; Onnela, A.; Pedersen, E.; Pedersen, J.O.P.; Polny, J.; Reichl, U.; Seinfeld, J.H.; Sipila, M.; Stozhkov, Y.; Stratmann, F.; Svensmark, H.; Svensmark, J.; Veenhof, R.; Verheggen, B.; Viisanen, Y.; Wagner, P.E.; Wehrle, G.; Weingartner, E.; Wex, H.; Wilhelmsson, M.; Winkler, P.M.; ...
Mr. Neil Pedersen, Director Office of Planning and Preliminary However, the material was of such volume that we were not able to see or absorb all of the More substantial concrete barriers between traffic lanes and sidewalks. ultraviolet light are absorbed and insufficient levels of vitamin D produced (Del Bino & Bernerd, These are commonly used color terms that do not reflect biological reality (ONeil,para.. across cultural boundaries that include both cultural patterns of similarity and difference (Pedersen, Crethar, & Carlson,p ...
After the turnip winter of 1916-17 and with no sign of war abating, my husbands grandfather, the oldest child of an impoverished widow in the central German town of Kassel, ran away to join the navy. He was hungry, and though underage and not really military material imagined sailors probably got enough to eat. This was a good guess, and while he had a chancy time of it - surviving the loss of his ship, the scuttling of the German fleet at Scapa Flow and more than a years internment in a Merseyside POW camp - he never starved. His sister back in Kassel got rickets, the result of severe malnutrition.. Behind this story and so many like it was the wartime British naval blockade of Germany. And behind the policy, Lord Robert Cecil, the maverick son of the late Victorian Conservative prime minister Lord Salisbury, and minister for blockade in Lloyd Georges wartime government. The aim of the blockade was to damage Germanys war effort but not Britains relations with neutral states, and it ...
3. Staff at the citys Human Services, Parks, and Seattle Center departments are being reassigned to front-line positions working in some of the new shelter spaces that have been opened for residents at as part of the citys response to the COVID-19 epidemic, and distributing food through HSDs division of Youth and Family Empowerment. These reassignments apply not just to the approximately 70 workers who have been specially trained to work in shelters, but also to other staffers who will be reassigned as part of the departments Continuity of Operations Plans (COOPs), which shut down certain city facilities and functions while defining others as mission essential.. Its unclear what, if any, long-term plan exists for city employees who would ordinarily be reassigned to front-line jobs but are in a high-risk group for COVID exposure. The mayors order authorizes departments to provide full or partial compensation to these workers, but the city did not provide any specific details about what ...
Zusammenfassung Die Schwierigkeit einer Weisheitszahnentfernung wird von mehreren Faktoren, wie Patientenalter, Gesundheitszustand, Tiefe der Retention, Verlagerungsform des Zahnes und Beziehung zu den umgebenen Strukturen, sowie vom Erfahrungsniveau des Operateurs, bestimmt. Nach Prüfung der Indikation zur Weisheitszahnentfernung muss der Behandler durch eine gezielte Diagnostik in der Lage sein, eine Fallauswahl zu treffen, ob er die Operation selbst ausführt oder den Patienten zu einem Spezialisten überweist. Die vorliegende Arbeit hatte das Ziel, in einer prospektiven Studie die Schwierigkeit einer Weisheitszahnoperation mit ihren intraoperativen und postoperativen Komplikationen unter besonderer Beachtung des Schwierigkeits-Indexes nach PEDERSEN zu untersuchen. Hierbei sollte die Praktikabilität des Indexes nach PEDERSEN geprüft werden. Durch Hinzufügen weiterer röntgenologisch ermittelter Risikofaktoren wurde ein erweiterter Schwierigkeitsindex für die Entfernung unterer Weisheitszähne
As the Intake Coordinator here at EFF, Haley is the first point of contact for legal assistance and general information about EFF for the public. Prior to EFF, shes worked as a researcher and writer for various local, national, and international human rights organizations. Shes also a big fan of...
High traffic/exposure location, w/easy 401 access for this 42.834 Acres on Hwy #3 close to Walker Rd. (29.834 Ac zoned agricultural A-33 & 13 Ac zoned…
For my birthday this year, Im asking for donations to The Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance, National Office located in my hometown Chicago.
The last type of phosphorylation is the process that transforms glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). This is very important to maintaining a healthy blood-glucose level. It is also essential in supplying our bodies with the energy they need for day-to-day processes.The phosphorylation of glucose helps to maintain the osmotic flow of glucose into the cell by keeping the concentration of free glucose within the cell lower than that outside the cell.. This is the first step in the metabolic process known as glycolysis, in which enzymes breakdown glucose, releasing energy. The process is facilitated by an enzyme called hexokinase), which aids in the transfer of one inorganic phosphate group from ATP to glucose to form G6P.. ...
Activation of CD4 T cells leads to their metabolic reprogramming which includes enhanced glycolysis, catalyzed through hexokinase enzymes. Studies in some systems indicate that the HK2 isoform is the most up regulated isoform in activated T cells and in this report the relevance of this finding is evaluated in an infectious disease model. Genetic ablation of HK2 was achieved in only T cells and the outcome was evaluated by measures of T cell function. Our results show that CD4 T cells from both HK2 depleted and WT animals displayed similar responses to in vitro stimulation and yielded similar levels of Th1, Treg or Th17 subsets when differentiated in vitro ...
Schön A, Haller T, Gnaiger E (1990) Hexokinase induced, steady state coupled mitochondria studied by injection calorimetry and respirometry. CYCLOBIOS Newsletter 4:67-72 ...
For at least 40 years, scientists who study how the body metabolizes sugar have accepted one point: there are four enzymes that kick-start the bodys process of getting energy from food. But this biochemical foursome may not deserve all of the credit. According to research by scientists at Duke and Northwestern universities, the hexokinase team actually has a fifth player.
Crystals of hexokinase were soaked with the pools, and 60 of these pools yielded electron density in the active site - a very high hit rate of 30%. A number of generalizations could be made about what molecular features were preferred in different parts of the binding site, and this information was used to build a secondary library of about 350 compounds based on 6 scaffolds; the idea was to merge or grow fragments found in the primary screen. These compounds were similarly pooled and screened crystallographically but not functionally, yielding hits from 4 of the scaffolds. The structures of these hits were then used to generate a third library of several hundred compounds around at least 4 separate scaffolds. These compounds were then tested individually to see if they could inhibit ketohexokinase, and were also characterized crystallographically. Gratifyingly, a number of these were active at submicromolar potency, including compound 6 ...
Mouse Monoclonal Hexokinase 1 antibody for EIA, FACS, IF, IHC (p), WB. Published in 2 Pubmed References. Order this anti-Hexokinase 1 antibody. | Product number ABIN1107524
Literature References: Identification as a metabolite of imipramine, q.v.: V. Fishman, H. Goldenberg, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 110, 187 (1962). Prepn: FR M2508; H. Dyrsting, J. B. Pedersen, US 3574852 (1964, 1971, both to Dumex). Pharmacology: W. Theobald et al., Med. Pharmacol. Exp. 15, 187 (1966). Metabolism: M. H. Bickel, M. Baggiolini, Biochem. Pharmacol. 15, 1155 (1966); R. Minder et al., Arch. Pharmakol. 268, 334 (1971). GLC determn in biological samples: H. J. Weder, M. H. Bickel, J. Chromatogr. 37, 181 (1968); HPLC determn: E. Koyama et al., Ther. Drug Monit. 15, 224 (1993). Clinical trial: W. Rapp et al., Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 49, 77 (1973). Clinical pharmacokinetics: A. Nagy, T. Hansen, Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 42, 58 (1978). ...
Chinas $2.5 billion pipeline project in Myanmar is scheduled to be completed this month. The WSJs Jacob Pedersen tells us about his travels in Myanmar and how the people there feel about Chinas
Chinas $2.5 billion pipeline project in Myanmar is scheduled to be completed this month. The WSJs Jacob Pedersen tells us about his travels in Myanmar and how the people there feel about Chinas
Olsen, J. M. H., Reine, S., Vahtras, O., Kjellgren, E., Reinholdt, P., Dundas, K. O. H., Li, X., Cukras, J., Ringholm, M., Hedegård, E. D., Di Remigio, R., List, N. H., Faber, R., Tenorio, B. N. C., Bast, R., Pedersen, T. B., Rinkevicius, Z., Sauer, Stephan P. A., Mikkelsen, Kurt Valentin, Kongsted, J., Coriani, S., Ruud, K., Helgaker, T., Jensen, H. J. A. & Norman, P., 5 jun. 2020, I : Journal of Chemical Physics. 152, 18 s., 214115.. Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt ...
VOIGT S., GIULIO-TONOLO F., LYONS J., KUČERA J.; JONES B., SCHNEIDERHAN T., PLATZECK G.; KAKU K.; HAZARIKA M.K., CZARAN L, LI S., PEDERSEN W., JAMES G.K., PROY C.; MUTHIKE D.M.,BEQUIGNON J., GUHA-SAPIR D ...
VOIGT S., GIULIO-TONOLO F., LYONS J., KUČERA J.; JONES B., SCHNEIDERHAN T., PLATZECK G.; KAKU K.; HAZARIKA M.K., CZARAN L, LI S., PEDERSEN W., JAMES G.K., PROY C.; MUTHIKE D.M.,BEQUIGNON J., GUHA-SAPIR D ...
Johansen, Sys Stybe, Wang, X., Pedersen, D. S., Pearl, P. L., Roullet, J., Ainslie, G. R., Vogel, K. R. & Gibson, K. M., 2017, JIMD Reports. Springer, Bind 36. s. 93-98 6 s. (JIMD Reports).. Publikation: Bidrag til bog/antologi/rapport › Bidrag til bog/antologi › Forskning › fagfællebedømt ...
Denmarks breeding system has been going through a substantial change in recent years. One of the countrys nucleuses, Møllevang, decided to team up with genetics company PIC, offering its owner Niels Pedersen entirely new markets.
Lund O, Nielsen M, Kesmir C, Pedersen AG, Lundegaard C, Worning P, Sylvester-Hvid C, Lamberth K, Roder G, Justesen S, Buus S, Brunak ...
JACOBSEN, C., PEDERSEN, H., Mortensen, Kell, RINDORF, G., THORUP, N., TORRANCE, J. & BECHGAARD, K., 1982, I : Journal of Physics C-solid state Physics. 15, 12, s. 2651-2663. Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt ...