Primary patterning of the Dictyostelium slug creates an anterior prestalk region and a posterior prespore region but, in addition to the coherent mass of prestalk cells that comprises the front one-fifth of the slug, there are Anterior-Like Cells (ALC) scattered throughout the prespore region. Distinct prestalk and ALC subtypes have been identified using ecmA, a gene that encodes an extracellular matrix protein.. ecmA is more strongly expressed in cells in the front of the prestalk region than in the back and cells in these two locations use spatially separated regions of its promoter (Williams et al., 1989; Early et al., 1993). PstA cells occupy the front half of the prestalk region and employ cap-site proximal promoter elements, while pstO cells occupy the rear half and use cap-site distal promoter elements. Although they were initially identified using the bi-partite promoter of the ecmA gene, many other genes are expressed only in one or other region (Maeda et al., 2003). This indicates that ...

The assembly and structural alterations in purified brain and testis tubulin of Charles-River-CD-rats fed either a 1 percent solution of 2,5-hexanedione (110134) (HD), or a 0.035 percent solution of 3,4- dimethyl-2,5-hexanedione (25234791) (DMHD), were analyzed. The animals were killed after 4 weeks of treatment. Brain and testis tubulins for in-vitro assembly experiments were purified using dieth

A novel role of differentiation-inducing factor-1 in Dictyostelium development, assessed by the restoration of a developmental defect in a mutant lacking mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK2 ...

Data Availability StatementThe writers declare that the main data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article. the embedded MSCs were analysed by co-staining with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and oil red O. The expression of specific markers at the gene level was detected after a 3-day culture. Results Confocal microscopy indicated that all tested hydrogels supported MSC growth and viability during the culture period. Higher expression of adipogenic and osteogenic markers (ALP and lipoprotein lipase (LPL)) in stiffer 3D-bioprinted matrices demonstrated a more significant response of MSCs to stiffer hydrogels Triacsin C with respect to differentiation, which was more robust in differentiation-inducing medium. However, the LPL expression in stiffer 3D-bioprinted constructs was reduced at day 3 regardless of the presence of differentiation-inducing factors. Although MSCs embedded in softer hydrogels to some extent proceeded toward adipogenic and osteogenic lineages within a ...

1]DeCaprioAP, KinneyEA, LoPachinRM, 2009. Comparative covalent protein binding of 2,‍‍5-hexanedione and 3-acetyl-2,‍‍5-hexanedione in the rat. J Toxicol Environ Health A, 72(14):861-869.. [2]FengMX, LiYN, RuanWS, et al., 2018. Predictive value of the maximum serum creatinine value and growth rate in acute paraquat poisoning patients. Sci Rep, 8:11587.. [3]JiangJK, FangW, GuLH, et al., 2016. Early changes of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with occupational 2,‍4-dinitrophenol poisoning. Biomed Environ Sci, 29(12):909-914.. [4]LoPachinRM, DeCaprioAP, 2004. γ-Diketone neuropathy: axon atrophy and the role of cytoskeletal protein adduction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 199(1):20-34.. [5]LoPachinRM, RossJF, ReidML, et al., 2002. Neurological evaluation of toxic axonopathies in rats: acrylamide and 2,‍5-hexanedione. Neurotoxicology, 23(1):95-110.. [6]LoPachinRM, JortnerBS, ReidML, et al., 2003. γ-Diketone central neuropathy: quantitative morphometric analysis of axons ...

Serious testicular injuries are relatively uncommon, but testicular injury can be painful. Read this to find out what steps you can take to protect yourself from injury.

Serious testicular injuries are relatively uncommon, but testicular injury can be painful. Read this to find out what steps you can take to protect yourself from injury.

Dose-dependent effects of cisplatin on the severity of testicular injury in Sprague Dawley rats: reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress

Angiogenesis involves the formation of new blood vessels by sprouting or splitting of existing blood vessels. During sprouting, a highly motile type of endothelial cell, called the tip cell, migrates from the blood vessels followed by stalk cells, an endothelial cell type that forms the body of the sprout. In vitro models and computational models can recapitulate much of the phenomenology of angiogenesis in absence of tip and stalk cell differentiation. Therefore it is unclear how the presence of tip cells contributes to angiogenesis. To get more insight into how tip cells contribute to angiogenesis, we extended an existing computational model of vascular network formation based on the cellular Potts model with tip and stalk differentiation, without making a priori assumptions about the specific rules that tip cells follow. We then screened a range of model variants, looking for rules that make tip cells (a) move to the sprout tip, and (b) change the morphology of the angiogenic networks. The ...

Researchers conducted laboratory experiments on mahi-mahi embryos to determine the effects of ultraviolet radiation (UV) and oil co-exposure during different times in their development. The team observed that UV affected the success of mahi-mahi hatch in all exposure scenarios compared to controls but was highest (a 1.6- to 6-fold increase) when co-exposure occurred late in Read More. ...

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The relationship between cytoplasmic pH (pHi) and prestalk/prespore differentiation in the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum was investigated by: (1) comparing the pHi of prestalk and prespore cells, and (2) examining the effects on pHi of weak acids, weak bases and proton-pump inhibitors. These substances are known to affect the spore-to-stalk ratio. The pHj of dissociated slug cells was measured by microfluorometry using a pH-sensitive fluorescence dye, carboxyfluorescein.. There was a slight but significant difference in pH, between prestalk cells (7.38 ± 0.09) and prespore cells (7.49 ± 0.03), and prestalk cells were more sensitive to acid load than prespore cells. In addition, weak acids and proton-pump inhibitors, which promote prestalk differentiation, significantly lowered pHi whereas weak bases, which induce prespore differentiation, elevated pHi. However, differentiation inducing factor (DIF), an endogenous inducer of stalk differentiation, caused only a slight and ...

0038] In the β-diketone compound (3), R1 to R3 are determined depending upon the intended pyrimidinylpyrazole compound. Examples of the 3-diketone compound include acetylacetone, 2,4-hexanedione, 3-methyl-2,4-pentanedione, 2-methyl-3,5-hexanedione, 2,4-heptanedione, 3,5-heptanedione, 3-ethyl-2,4-pentanedione, 2-methyl-3,5-heptanedione, 3,5-octanedione, 2,2-dimethyl-3,5-hexanedione, 3-acetyl-4-methyl-2-pentanone, 3-acetyl-2-hexanone, 2,4-octanedione, 6-methyl-2,4-heptanedione, 3-acetyl-5-methyl-2-hexanone, 3-n-butyl-2,4-pentanedione, 2,4-nonanedione, 2-methyl-3,5-octanedione, 2,2-dimethyl-3,5-heptanedione, 2-methyl-4,6-octanedione, 3,5-nonanedione, 3-tert-butyl-2,4-pentanedione, 4,6-nonanedione, 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-heptanedione, 1-cyclopropyl-1,3-butanedione, 1-cyclopropylpentane-1,3-dione, 1-cyclopropyl-4,4-dimethylpentane-1,3-dione, and 1-cyclobutyl-1,3-butanedione; however, they are not limited by these examples. The β-diketone compounds may be synthesized by a publicly known method or ...

The complex [Ru(triphos)(CH3CN)3](OTf)2 is an effective catalyst for the hydrogenation of 2,5-hexanedione and 2,5-dimethyl-furan in aqueous acidic medium at temperatures between 150 and 200 °C realizing up to 96% combined yields of 2,5-hexanediol and 2,5-dimethyl-tetrahydrofuran with the product distribution

The terminal structure of asexual development of Dictyostelium is comprised of a sorus (a spore mass) atop a stalk of vacuolated cells. Stalk-like cells also form the base of the organism and the `cups that surround the sorus. These terminally differentiated cells derive from non-committed prespore and prestalk precursors. The pioneering work of Williams, Kay, Firtel and others have shown that progenitors to both prestalk and prespore populations are heterogeneous (Gaudet et al., 2008; Williams, 2006; Yamada et al., 2010). Spatially restricted expression of gene patterns has been used to define very specific classes of prestalk cells (e.g. pstA, pstB, pstO and pstU cells). Here, we have focused on three main progenitor classes, prestalk A, prestalk B and prespore cells, but further subdivisions within each can be made (Gaudet et al., 2008; Kimmel, 2005; Kimmel and Firtel, 2004; Williams, 2006). We show that regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of GSK3 in Dictyostelium underscores a paradigm ...

INVOLVED IN BMP signaling pathway (ortholog); cell aging (ortholog); embryo implantation (ortholog); ASSOCIATED WITH adult respiratory distress syndrome (ortholog); Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury (ortholog); cholestasis (ortholog); FOUND IN RISC complex (ortholog); INTERACTS WITH 2,5-hexanedione; 2-acetamidofluorene; 3,7-dihydropurine-6-thione

1. Regeneration time of the hypostome increases progressively from the oral to the aboral direction. Converse is true for the basal disc. More time is required to form basal disc from aboral-oral...

Someone kicked in the testicles about 16 hours ago yesterday morning and they had been bothering me since then. About an hour ago I noticed blood at the bottom of my scrotum underneath the skin. There ...

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HIV AIDS Testicular injury Kidney failure Kallmans syndrome Inflammation of lungs Poor functioning of liver Stress and drug addiction Over

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The opinions expressed above are the personal opinions of the authors, not of Micro Focus. By using this site, you accept the Terms of Use and Rules of Participation. Certain versions of content (Material) accessible here may contain branding from Hewlett-Packard Company (now HP Inc.) and Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company. As of September 1, 2017, the Material is now offered by Micro Focus, a separately owned and operated company. Any reference to the HP and Hewlett Packard Enterprise/HPE marks is historical in nature, and the HP and Hewlett Packard Enterprise/HPE marks are the property of their respective owners ...

There are two main areas where troubleshooting and more importantly, having the ability to walk-through the code become very helpful. These are during the creation of the MA and when running profiles on the MA.. First, when creating the MA, if there is any problem with your code then an exception will be thrown and the MA will not be created. This exception typically doesnt reveal why this is occurring. An example of this is during the GetSchema method. If your schema discovery is not valid or has some syntax errors then an exception will be thrown while you are going through the create MA wizard. However, the exception doesnt tell you why the exception occurred. To break into the code you can use System.Diagnostics.Debbugger.Launch() at the beginning of a method to invoke the debugger and use Visual Studio to walk the code. In our example above, we would put this line at the beginning of the GetSchema method. See the screenshot below for an example. ...

Our study identifies a two-dimensional embedding of the physical scat- tering parameters in a perceptually-meaningful appearance space. Through our analysis of this space, we find uniform parameterizations of its two axes by analytical expressions of moments of the phase function, and provide an intuitive characterization of the visual effects that can be achieved at dif- ferent parts of it. We show that our expansion of the space of phase func- tions enlarges the range of achievable translucent appearance compared to traditional single-parameter phase function models. Our findings highlight the important role phase function can have in controlling translucent ap- pearance, and provide tools for manipulating its effect in material design applications ...

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Table 30.5 Within-class fit report (person class within item).. DIF class specification is: DIF=@GENDER. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. , KID OBSERVATIONS BASELINE W-INFIT W-OUTFIT TAP ,. , CLASS COUNT AVERAGE EXPECT MEASURE MNSQ ZSTD MNSQ ZSTD Number Name ,. ,------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,. ....... , F 18 .89 .85 -3.38 .46 -1.2 .19 -.4 9 1-3-2-4 ,. , M 16 .88 .92 -3.38 .88 .0 .23 -.3 9 1-3-2-4 ,. , F 18 .72 .65 -1.57 .80 -.6 .76 .0 10 2-4-3-1 ,. , M 16 .69 .77 -1.57 1.47 1.0 .91 .4 10 2-4-3-1 ,. Table 30.6 Within-class fit report (item within person class). DIF class specification is: DIF=@GENDER. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. , KID OBSERVATIONS BASELINE W-INFIT W-OUTFIT TAP ,. , CLASS COUNT AVERAGE EXPECT MEASURE MNSQ ZSTD MNSQ ZSTD Number Name ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cell-cell contact, cyclic AMP, and gene expression during differentiation of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum.. AU - Blumberg, D. D.. AU - Chung, S.. AU - Landfear, Scott. AU - Lodish, H. F.. PY - 1982. Y1 - 1982. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0020021927&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0020021927&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 6289353. AN - SCOPUS:0020021927. VL - 85 Pt B. SP - 167. EP - 182. JO - Progress in Clinical and Biological Research. JF - Progress in Clinical and Biological Research. SN - 0361-7742. ER - ...

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In an earlier paper (Tang & Othmer 1994 Math. Biosci 120, 25-76), we developed a G-protein-based model for signal transduction in the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum and showed that it can account for the results from perfusion experiments done by Devreotes and coworkers (Devreotes et al. 1979 J. Cell. 80, 300-309; Devreotes & Steck 1979 J. Cell Biol. 80, 300-309; Dinauer et al. 1980 J. Cell Biol. 86, 537-561). The primary experimental observables are the amounts of cAMP secreted and the time scale of adaptation in response to various stimuli, and we showed that the predictions of the model agree well with the observations. Adaptation in the model arises from dual receptor-mediated pathways, one of which produces a stimulatory G protein Gs and the other of which produces an inhibitory G protein Gt. In this paper we use the model to simulate the suspension experiments of Gerisch & Wick (1975 Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 65, 364-370) and the experiments done in cell cultures on ...

Hofer, T. and Maini, P. K. (1996) Aggregation territory formation and cell streaming in a model of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. ZAMM Z. angew. Journal of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics, 76 (4). pp. 225-228. Hofer, T. and Maini, P. K. (1996) Interplay of cell-cell signalling and multicellular morphogenesis during Dictyostelium aggregation. In: In Computation in Cellular and Molecular Biological Systems. n/a, n/a (n/a). World Scientific, London, UK, pp. 15-28. ISBN n/a Hofer, T. and Maini, P. K. (1996) Turing patterns in fish skin? Nature, 380 (6576). p. 678. ...

quadratic forms. Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik, 481 . pp. 149-206. Hofer, T. and Maini, P. K. (1996) Aggregation territory formation and cell streaming in a model of the cellular slime mould Dictyostelium discoideum. ZAMM Z. angew. Journal of Applied Mathematics & Mechanics, 76 (4). pp. 225-228. Hofer, T. and Maini, P. K. (1996) Turing patterns in fish skin? Nature, 380 (6576). p. 678. Howell, P. D. (1996) Models for thin viscous sheets. European Journal of Applied Mathematics, 7 . pp. 321-343. Joyce, Dominic (1996) Compact 8-manifolds with holonomy Spin(7). Inventiones mathematicae, 123 . pp. 507-552. Joyce, Dominic (1996) Compact Riemannian 7-manifolds with holonomy G2. I. Journal of Differential Geometry, 43 . pp. 291-328. Joyce, Dominic (1996) Compact Riemannian 7-manifolds with holonomy G2. II. Journal of Differential Geometry, 43 . pp. 329-375. Kulesa, P. M. and Cruywagen, G. C. and Lubkin, S. R. and Maini, P. K. and Sneyd, J. S. and Ferguson, M. W. J. and Murray, J. D. ...

Reperfusion injury was studied in blood-free perfused livers from fat-loaded, ethanol-treated rats. Rats were pair-fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing 36% calories as ethanol or isocaloric maltose-dextrin for 4 to 5 weeks. Reperfusion injury to the liver, which occurs in previously hypoxic regions upon reintroduction of oxygen, was studied in a low-flow, reflow perfusion model. Lactate dehydrogenase in effluent perfusate increased from basal levels of , 1 to 17 IU/g/h in livers from controls, whereas prior alcohol treatment elevated values to 37 IU/g/h. Pretreatment of rats with gadolinium chloride (GdCl3, 20 mg/kg i.v.), a selective Kupffer cell toxicant, minimized lactate dehydrogenase release during reperfusion to 7 to 8 IU/g/h in livers from both groups. Rates of malondialdehyde production were 144 and 166 nmol/g/h during reperfusion in control and alcohol-treated rats, respectively, but values reached only 54 and 79 nmol/g/h after GdCl3 treatment. Interestingly, a typical ...

The long-term goal of this project is to understand the cellular and molecular signals instigated in the testis that lead to germ cell apoptosis as a result of...

By default, all articles on GreenMedInfo.com are sorted based on the content type which best reflects the data which most users are searching for. For instance, people viewing substances are generally most interested in viewing diseases that these substances have shown to have positive influences. This section is for allowing more advanced sorting methods. Currently, these advanced sorting methods are available for members only. If you are already a member, you can sign in by clicking here. If you do not currently have a user account, and would like to create one/become a member, click here to begin the singup process ...

Sternfeld, John und David, Charles N. (1982): Fate and regulation of anterior-like cells in Dictyostelium slugs. In: Developmental Biology, Vol. 93, Nr. 1: S. 111-118 [PDF, 3MB] ...

1,25-dihydroxy-23-thiavitamin D3: shows differentiation-inducing activity of human myeloid leukemia cells into macrophages; structure given in first source

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Weve been buzzing since the announcement of the nominees for this years East Coast Music Awards so weve decided to dedicate this years Friday playlist to all the great musicians that are nominated.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...

Calculating and Expressing Valuation. It can be dif- ficult for a user to accurately value their ideal resource bundles. There needs to be a simple and effective way for people to express their resource need and calculate its value. To stress this point, imagine a market inter- face that asked the user for their valuation, one ques- tion at a time, over the entire space of good combina- tions. This painful approach would require the user to think about their valuation for a whole slew of bundles, a time-consuming and sometimes difficult task. ...

directly due to n-hexane exposure. (I am not a physician, so the standard disclaimers apply to my personal opinions) For more information on the toxicological effects of n-hexane (most of which are high dose exposures in animals), see..... http://www.osha-slc.gov:80/SLTC/healthguidelines/n-hexane/recognition.html See the FAQ for the newsgroup to learn how to get more information on this subject. Best of luck in getting better, Chuck Miller ...

V-* Qi \ ^ *. - s tfl %- ^ ^C -\ X x K- I ^ ^ ^ * .- -i ,% I *% . , ^ V 1 k. ill ^ ,^ ^x rt v-^ Q- Oj^ () - -/ . vo I/ ^ v ^ ^ k q p v && ! tJ* 1 J ^p.i ,^ ,, \ ^ ^ ^i. ^ \. ^ Ov : %O \ ^ \\ ^ s* -e ^ c^ -i v s,, ^ i& ^ \ ^ \ x ^, ry v ^ A N5 %- V?. xV / ,^ V V \ ^ *fr f ^ \ o , f/ ^ x^^ltii^ ,k ^ ^ \ ^ \ ,v */,, ^ ,, ^k \ ^ P^ c^ rv ^-^ s&fttl. INC s^r V* ,;#,^ololvS,iS X ,^ ,/ft ,, ^r 5C. ON THE VARIATION OF SPECIES WITH ESPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE INSECTA- FOLLOWED faY AN INQUIRY INTO THE NATURE OF GENERA X \ VEftNON WOLLASTON, M.A., F.L.S. No compound of this earthly ball Is like another, all in all. TENNYSON. LONDON: JOHN VAN VOOEST, PATERNOSTER ROW. 1856. V ? v- . .- I do not enter so far into the province of the logicians as to take notice of the dif- ference there is between the analytic and synthetic methods of coming at truth, or proving it ; whether it is better to begin the disquisition from the subject, or from the attribute. If by the use of proper media ...

chemBlink provides information about CAS # 198545-59-4, Fmoc-3,4-difluoro-D-phenylalanine, Fmoc-D-Phe(3,4-DiF)-OH, Fmoc-D-3,4-Difluorophe, N-Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-D-3,4-difluorophenylalanine, molecular formula: C24H19F2NO4.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Identification of cysteine protease inhibitors that belong to cystatin family 1 in the cellular slime mold dictyostelium discoideum. AU - El-Halawany, Medhat S.. AU - Ohkouchi, Susumu. AU - Shibata, Hideki. AU - Hitomi, Kiyotaka. AU - Maki, Masatoshi. PY - 2004/6. Y1 - 2004/6. N2 - Family 1 cystatins are cytosolic inhibitors of cysteine proteases, and they are conserved in higher eukaryotes. We characterized two newly identified family 1 cystatins of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum, cystatin A1 and A2. Their recombinant proteins showed specific inhibitory activity against papain and cathepsin B, respectively. Using specific polyclonal antibodies, we found that cystatin A1 is stably expressed throughout the life cycle of Dictyostelium, whereas cystatin A2 expression is up-regulated during the course of development.. AB - Family 1 cystatins are cytosolic inhibitors of cysteine proteases, and they are conserved in higher eukaryotes. We characterized two newly ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Perturbations of the actin cytoskeleton activate a Dictyostelium STAT signalling pathway. AU - Araki, Tsuyoshi. AU - Williams, Jeffrey G. N1 - Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2012/5/1. Y1 - 2012/5/1. N2 - The Dictyostelium transcription factor STATc is tyrosine phosphorylated and accumulates in the nucleus when cells are exposed either to hyper-osmotic stress or to the prestalk-inducing polyketide DIF-1. In the case of stress STAT activation is mediated by regulated dephosphorylation; whereby two serine residues on PTP3, the tyrosine phosphatase that de-activates STATc, become phosphorylated after exposure to stress so inhibiting enzymatic activity. We now show that the more highly regulated of the two PTP3 serine residues, S747, is also phosphorylated in response to DIF-1, suggesting a common activation mechanism. Hyper-osmotic stress causes a re-distribution of F-actin to the cortex, cell rounding and shrinkage and we show that DIF-1 induces a similar ...

Daily administration of 1,3-DNB resulted in decreased testis weight only on day 5 and only at the high dose (6 mg/kg/day). There was a time-dependent increase in incidence and severity of testicular findings characterized by degeneration of the germinal epithelium with loss of pachytene spermatocytes and vacuolization of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules at the high dose. Inhibin B levels in 1,3-DNB-treated animals were decreased with treatment only on day 5 at the high dose; there were no associated changes in follicle stimulating hormone. ...

Some of Margaret Tituss students are a little taken aback to learn how much they have in common with the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum. Called

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Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-2-one | C6H8O | CID 549294 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more.

A Google search on the words ecma ibm sole vote returns an embarrassingly large number of hits. Microsoft has certainly been having fun with this line. Lets take a little look at this question and see if we can better define this conspiracy that Paoli is alluding to.. Im now going to rant a little. You may want to stand back.. Yes, IBM was the only voting member in Ecma who cast a voted against OOXML. But guess what, were probably the only company who actually had someone perform the due diligence of reading the specification. The others voted on OOXML without reading the spec. So please give their Yes votes all the weight they deserve, but not more.. It seems to me that Ecma has become a standards factory, a place where you go for clean, efficient, no-guilt, fast-track service. Dont want to publish your public comments? Fuggetaboutit. Dont want to publish your meeting minutes? Fuggetaboutit. Worried about rushing through a 6,000 page specification in less than a year, with 20x less ...

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This study investigates impacts of waterpipe tobacco flavors on initiation, smoking behaviors, abuse liability, and exposure to tobacco-related toxicants.

CARDIO PROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF N-HEXANE EXTRACT OF DESMODIUM VELUTINUM STEM ON ALBINO WISTER RAT ABTRACT This study evaluates the cardio protactive effect