Looking for hepatitis antigen? Find out information about hepatitis antigen. see immunity immunity, ability of an organism to resist disease by identifying and destroying foreign substances or organisms. Although all animals have... Explanation of hepatitis antigen

BACKGROUND Hepatitis delta virus is a unique human pathogen responsible for some 20 million infections globally. This virus is dependent on hepatitis B virus for transmission and propagation. Currently, at least three genotypes of hepatitis delta virus with different geographic distribution and clinical manifestations are described. METHODS In this study, hepatitis delta virus RNA of 35 patients sera were analyzed by RT- semi-nested polymerase chain reaction. Based on genomic differences of hepatitis delta antigen coding region of hepatitis delta virus RNA among hepatitis delta virus RNA-positive sera, the polymerase chain reaction products were digested with restriction enzymes and studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS Out of 35 samples, 13 (38.46%) were positive for hepatitis delta virus RNA by RT- semi-nested polymerase chain reaction. All polymorphisms were shown to be genotype I. Out of 13 hepatitis delta virus RNA-positive (13/35), eight were HBeAg negative.

Hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) is a subviral agent that is dependent on the hepatitis B (HBV) virus for its life cycle. Hepatitis Delta infection cannot occur...

Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 85B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCDC85B gene. Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a pathogenic human virus whose RNA genome and replication cycle resemble those of plant viroids. Delta-interacting protein A (DIPA), a cellular gene product, has been found to have homology to hepatitis delta virus antigen (HDAg). DIPA interacts with the viral antigen, HDAg, and can affect HDV replication in vitro. CCDC85B has been shown to interact with: C19orf25, KIAA1267, Keratin 17, and Protein kinase N1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000175602 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000095098 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Mouse PubMed Reference:. Brazas R, Ganem D (Oct 1996). A cellular homolog of hepatitis delta antigen: implications for viral replication and evolution. Science. 274 (5284): 90-4. doi:10.1126/science.274.5284.90. PMID 8810253. Bezy O, Elabd C, Cochet O, Petersen RK, Kristiansen K, Dani C, Ailhaud G, ...

LMBRD1 Full-Length MS Protein Standard (NP_060838), Labeled with [U- 13C6, 15N4]-L-Arginine and [U- 13C6, 15N2]-L-Lysine, was produced in human 293 cells (HEK293) with fully chemically defined cell culture medium to obtain incorporation efficiency at Creative-Proteomics. This gene encodes a lysosomal membrane protein that may be involved in the transport and metabolism of cobalamin. This protein also interacts with the large form of the hepatitis delta antigen and may be required for the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of the hepatitis delta virus. Mutations in this gene are associated with the vitamin B12 metabolism disorder termed, homocystinuria-megaloblastic anemia complementation type F.

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Photo 2. Hepatitis B antigen-containing serum. Serum containing hepatitis В antigen showing the presence of three distinct moфhological entities: (1) Small pleo-morphic spherical particles measuring 20-22 nm in diameter. (2) Tubular forms of varying length with a constant diameter of 20 nm and frequently with a terminal bulbous swelling. (3) Double-shelled spheroidal Dane particles, approximately 42 nm in diameter, with a core measuring 27 nm in diameter. There is substantial evidence that this particle is the hepatitis В virus. (x 227000). ...

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We have investigated the usefulness of serum hepatitis delta virus (HDV) RNA detection using a slot hybridization analysis of serum samples from ten patients with acute hepatitis and delta markers (group I), from 28 patients with chronic delta hepatitis (group II) and from seven liver graft recipients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HDV related cirrhosis or fulminant hepatitis (group III). The slot-blots were hybridized with both HDV-complementary DNA and single-stranded RNA probes. With the single-stranded RNA probe, HDV RNA was detected in the first serum sample available in 9/10 of the patients with acute hepatitis (group I). In addition, HDV RNA was detected in 8/9 and 7/8 of the samples obtained within and after 1 month of the onset of hepatitis. Five of the ten patients scored positive for HDV RNA and negative for hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) while one was negative for HDV RNA and positive for HDAg. The same RNA probe enabled the detection of serum HDV RNA in 21/28 chronic hepatitis ...

Both isoforms of the hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) are highly associated with virus proliferation and may act as co-activators of cellular gene expression. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line Huh7, which stably expresses HDAgs, was differentially screened and the results showed that clusterin gene expression was enhanced. The mechanisms for HDAg-mediated clusterin gene upregulation were investigated. Expression of HDAgs was associated with enhanced histone H3 acetylation within the clusterin promoter in a chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. Transient transfection of HDAg-expressing plasmids into Huh7 cells also enhanced clusterin expression and histone acetylation. Furthermore, HDV replication was associated with histone hyperacetylation and clusterin induction. The effect of increased clusterin expression was determined by a chemosensitivity assay with adriamycin treatment. These data indicated that HDV-induced clusterin protein increases cell survival

Background and Aims: The global epidemiology of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection is changing. This study was performed to determine the epidemiology and clinical impact of hepatitis delta in Pakistan.. Methods: Countrywide data was collected from 1994 to 2001. A total of 8721 patients were tested for hepatitis delta antibody. A subset of 97 hepatitis delta antibody reactive inpatients with chronic liver disease were compared to 97 patients admitted with liver disease due to hepatitis B alone.. Results: Of the 8721 patients tested, 1444 (16.6%) were reactive for hepatitis delta antibody. Most were males (87.4%, P , 0.001) and younger (mean age 31 years, P , 0.001) compared to HDV non-reactive patients. Prevalence of delta infection was highest in the rural (range 25-60%) compared to the urban population (range 6.5-11%). Analysis of the inpatient data showed that delta infected patients had significantly less severe clinical liver disease and a trend towards lesser development of ...

A simple rapid detection of antibody to hepatitis delta virus (anti-HDV) in human serum was developed by using double antigen sandwich ELISA. HDV gene fragment encoding HDAg was isolated from a Chinese patient infected with HDV by RT-PCR, and a high-efficient expression HD-PQE31 strain was constructed with the fragment. We obtained high titer and good quality hepatitis delta virus protein purified by Ni-NTA metal-affinity chromatography, which was identified by Western blot and ELISA, then we set up the double antigen sandwich ELISA for detection of anti-HDV in human serum, and the performance of the sandwich ELISA was evaluated in terms of specificity and sensitivity. Results were: 1) The purified HDAg proteins purity was 90%, and its ELISA titer was 1/100 000. 2) 42 anti-HDV positive sera were detected and showed that the sensitivity of sandwich ELISA was higher than that of competitive ELISA (t=2.44, p

Density functional theory methods have been used to investigate the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) ribozyme and its catalyzed phosphodiester cleavage. In particular, the effects of the environmentâ s polarity and/or specific hydrogen-bond interactions on the proton affinity of the active site cytosineâ s N3 ring center have been considered. In addition, the basicities of possible hydrated Mg2+ ion species were also examined. The mechanism previously proposed for the HDV ribozyme in which the active site cytosine (C75) is protonated and thus acts as an acid while the Mg2+ species acts as the complementary base was then investigated. The possible role of tautomerization of C75 is also discussed ...

Patients with hepatitis delta virus genotype 5 have demonstrated improved prognoses, better responses to pegylated interferon treatment.

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The cDNA (651nt - 941nt) fragment of an isolate of hepatitis delta virus with 289 bp was determined by cloning and Sequencing, from a HBsAg carrier positive both for anti - HDAg and HDV RNA from China, Sichuan Province, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.It contains the region of HDV ribozyme and its self - cleavage site. Comparing this Sichuan isolate with other known HDV isolates from Henan, US - 1, Japan, Peru and Taiwan, the result showed that the homology of nucbotides is 97. 2 %, 93 %, 94 %, 79 %, 96 %, respectively.

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So far, the only known example of deltaviruses is the hepatitis delta virus (HDV). HDV is speculated to have evolved in humans, since deltaviruses were until very recently found only in humans. Using a metatranscriptomic sequencing approach, we found a circular RNA, which resembles that of HDV in size and coding strategy, in a snake. The identification of similar deltaviruses in distantly related species other than humans indicates that... ...

In con-trast to HBV, HDV infec-tion induces pro-found innate immune response which is medi-at-ed by pat-tern recog-ni-tion recep-tor MDA5 (Zhang, et al. 2018. J Hepa-tol. 69:25-35). MDA5 is a cytosol sen-sor usu-al-ly rec-og-niz-ing long dou-ble strand RNA (dsR-NA). How-ev-er, unlike oth-er RNA virus-es, HDV repli-cates its RNA in the nucle-us via a unique dou-ble-rolling-cycle mech-a-nism with-out pro-duc-ing long dsR-NA. Inves-ti-gat-ing the innate immune acti-va-tion dur-ing HDV repli-ca-tion will pro-vide impor-tant insights for under-stand-ing MDA5 medi-at-ed innate immune sens-ing of viral RNA. To this aim, we plan to: (i) iden-ti-fy the HDV RNA lig-and rec-og-nized by MDA5; (ii) deter-mine the sub-cel-lu-lar loca-tion of MDA5-HDV RNA inter-ac-tion; and (iii) elu-ci-date the roles of host fac-tors (LGP2, ADAR1, etc.) and viral fac-tors (HDAg and HBV enve-lope pro-teins) in the process of innate immu-ni-ty acti-va-tion.. Long term per-sis-tence of HBV and HDV makes it chal-leng-ing to ...

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