TY - JOUR. T1 - Development of polymerase chain reaction for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1. AU - Aradaib, I. E.. AU - McBride, J. W.. AU - Wilson, W. C.. AU - Osburn, Bennie. PY - 1995/12/1. Y1 - 1995/12/1. N2 - The diagnostic potential of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for specific identification of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (EHDV-1) in cell culture and clinical specimens was evaluated. Using oligonucleotide primers, selected from genome segment 2 of EHDV-1 (New Jersey strain), the PCR-based assay resulted in a 862 base pair (bp) PCR product. EHDV-1 RNA from United States prototype serotype 1 and a number of EHDV-1 field isolates, propagated in cell cultures, were detected by this PCR based assay. The specific 862 bp PCR products were visualized on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gel. Identity of the PCR product was confirmed by chemiluminescent hybridization with non radiolabelled internal probe. Using chemiluminescent ...

The outer-coat proteins, VP2 and VP5, of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are important for host cell binding during the initiation of infection. They are also known to determine virus serotype. This study presents a complete genetic and phylogenetic analysis of these proteins (and the genes that code for them) to allow comparison of the selective pressures acting on each and the correlation of genetic sequence data with serotype. Accession numbers, gene and protein sizes, ORF positions, G+C contents, terminal hexanucleotides, start and stop codons and phylogenetic relationships are all presented. The results show that VP2 is highly variable, is under great pressure to adapt and can be correlated with serotype. While also variable, VP5 appears to be under less adaptive pressure than VP2 but still shows some correlation with serotype. Seven serotypes of EHDV have been defined in this study, although the results do show that some serotypes are extremely closely related--and highlight ...

The purpose of this project was to define monoclonal antibodies against viral proteins from Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (EHDV) to be used in quality control of vaccines produced by an industrial partner, and development of tools to identify EHDV. EHDV is an Orbivirus, which also includes Bluetongue Virus and African Horse Sickness, which are all transmitted through arthropod vectors. EHDV causes significant morbidity and mortality in white-tailed deer, but has recently been found to infect cattle. EHDV recently caused significant outbreaks affecting both the farmed and wild cervid industry, however few reagents and tools exist to protect against this disease or define the virus in vitro. To develop new, efficient reagents that can be used to identify EHDV, we identified and tested monoclonal antibodies against two different viral capsid proteins, VP2 and VP5. To do this, predictive algorithms were used to generate immunogenic peptides specific for each protein. Three groups of mice were used,

By WBIR. An outbreak of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease has killed hundreds of deer across East Tennessee. State wildlife leaders say the outbreak is the worst in a decade, but cold weather should end the outbreak.. A virus transmitted by tiny flies is killing hundreds of deer across East Tennessee.. With archery season for deer underway and firearm season just weeks away, some sportsmen are concerned that the outbreak of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease has damaged white-tailed deer population to the point it will take years to restore in some areas. The disease is spread by biting midges and other tiny biting insects.. Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency information and education officer Mime Barnes says the disease is common, but the number of deer the virus has killed this year is the greatest since 2007.. The disease has always been around and it kind up pops up here and there and theres no predictor of when its going to be an outbreak or how big the outbreak will be, Barnes said.. Barnes ...

Citation: Wilson, W.C., O Hearn, E.S. 2006. Preliminary development of a real-time PCR for all serotypes of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus. American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians. Interpretive Summary: Epizootic hemorrhagic diseases virus (EHDV) has been associated with bluetongue-like disease in cattle. Although US EHDV strains have not been experimentally proven to cause disease in cattle there is serologic evidence of infection in cattle. Bluetongue virus (BTV) causes an estimated $125,000,000 annual loss to the U.S. livestock industry and about $3,000,000,000 annual losses worldwide. Therefore rapid diagnosis and differentiation of BTV and EHDV is required. Our laboratory has developed a genetic test that detects all EHDV serotypes based on DNA sequence analysis. The EHDV detection assay does not cross-react with BTV serotypes; however, this assay is less sensitive than double amplification protocols. The sensitivity for all eight serotypes is sufficient for ...

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Cases of epizootic hemorrhagic disease, or EHD, were reported this summer in South Dakota cattle herds and in white-tailed deer. EHD is viral disease spread by flies. Russ Daly, South Dakota State University Extension veterinarian, answers some frequently asked questions about the disease and its origins:

The Wildlife Management division of the Forest Preserve District of Cook County, together with the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, has identified an outbreak of Epizootic hemorrhagic disease......

Epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an arthropod-transmitted viral disease of certain wild ungulates, notably North American white-tailed deer and, more rarely, cattle. The disease in white-tailed deer results from vascular injury analogous to that caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), to which EHD virus (EHDV) is closely related. There are seven serotypes of EHDV recognised, and Ibaraki virus, which is the cause of sporadic disease outbreaks in cattle in Asia, is included in EHDV serotype 2. The global distribution and epidemiology of BTV and EHDV infections are also similar, as both viruses occur throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world where they are transmitted by biting Culicoides midges and infect a wide variety of domestic and wild ungulates. However, the global distribution and epidemiology of EHDV infection are less well characterised than they are for BTV. Whereas most natural and experimental EHDV infections (other than Ibaraki virus infection) of livestock are ...

No abstract available Keywords: Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus, EHD, Aetiology, Pathogenesis and doi: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2009.EN-20 Question Number: EFSA-Q-2008-04994 On request from: Project developed on the proposal CPF/EFSA/AHAW/2008/04 Type: Ex .... ...

Urban areas encroachment on wildlife and farms means wild and domestic species are getting closer in proximity all the time. Ontario deer, sheep and cattle are now at risk for an infectious virus, from a specific species of midge thats found a new home in Eastern Canada. Researchers believe climate change has altered the midges windborne movement from the southern U.S. into Ontario, and warmer winters increase their chance to survive. So, now the midge (specifically the specie C. sonorensis) has been found biting and transmitting sometimes fatal diseases such as epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) and bluetongue to livestock.... Read More ...

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is a hemorrhagic disease caused by a virus. EHD is similar to bluetongue, another viral disease that can affect deer. It spreads from deer to deer by the bite of a small insect known as a midge. The disease quickly kills the deer through hemorrhaging within the body. A high fever may result, causing the deer to seek water to cool off. Dead deer usually are found in or near water. Deer may show bleeding from body openings, although they usually are in good body condition because of the quickness of the disease. EHD is not a threat to humans ...

Wildlife biologists from the Indiana DNR Division of Fish & Wildlife have been investigating reports of sick or dead deer to determine if the cause is epizootic hemorrhagic disease.

The Iowa DNR reports a drop in the number of deer taken by hunters this year.. DNR Wildlife Biologist, Tyler Harms, says the drop coincides with a drop in the number of hunters. We saw about a three percent drop in license sales and about a 14% drop in the deer harvest statewide this year, Harms says. The deer taken dropped to 94,000 - compared to nearly 108,000 the year before. Harms says an outbreak of disease is likely behind the drop in license sales.. We had a significant outbreak of epizootic hemorrhagic disease across the state. And that couldve resulted in lower numbers of deer out on the landscape - and ultimately resulting in lower harvest, Harms says. We do know after an outbreak that we had in 2012 and 2013 we had similar trends in terms of license sales and harvest. So in other words - when we see these big EHD outbreaks statewide - we would expect to see a slight drop in both license sales and harvest.. Harms says some hunters want to help the deer recover from such ...

Does your newborn is suffering from vitamin K deficiencies? Well, fret not! Here we have some information on Hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Check out!

Petplan looks at the Viral Haemorrhagic Disease in rabbits: causes, symptoms, and precautions that can be taken to ensure your rabbit remains safe.

Poster (2015, September 01). Objective: Following reintroduction and conservation programs of the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) and the scimitar horned oryx (SHO, Oryx dammah) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), import of animals from ... [more ▼]. Objective: Following reintroduction and conservation programs of the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) and the scimitar horned oryx (SHO, Oryx dammah) in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), import of animals from wild game ranches in the United States of America (USA) is not uncommon. Bluetongue virus (BTV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) are orbiviruses that are the causative agents of bluetongue disease (BT) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD), respectively. BTV and EHDV are endemic in the UAE and the USA. Sheep and some wild ruminant species are usually severely affected by BT whereas EHD mostly affects wild animals and sometimes cattle. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of these orbiviruses in Arabian and SHO ...

During the past 50 years two readily distinguishable rabbit-specific diseases caused by Myxoma virus (MYXV) and Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) respectively, have decimated wild rabbit populations worldwide. Combined with the use of these viruses as biocontrol agents, the consequences for farming, commercial rabbit breeding and rare habitat conservation dependent on rabbit grazing, have been both positive and negative. Moreover, rare predators that rely on rabbits as a food resource, and even hunters, have suffered the consequences of rabbit populations being affected by one or other of these viruses. Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus was first identified after thousands of domestic rabbits died suddenly in China in 1984. Similar epidemics subsequently occurred in other regions of Asia, the Middle East, Europe and North America, suggesting that the virus had dispersed widely following its emergence in China. However, the discovery that RHDV had circulated apparently harmlessly for many ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular epidemiology of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in Australia. T2 - When one became many. AU - Kovaliski, John. AU - Sinclair, Ron. AU - Mutze, Greg. AU - Peacock, David. AU - Strive, Tanja. AU - Abrantes, Joana. AU - Esteves, Pedro. AU - Holmes, Edward. PY - 2014/2. Y1 - 2014/2. N2 - Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) was introduced into Australia in 1995 as a biological control agent against the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). We evaluated its evolution over a 16-year period (1995-2011) by examining 50 isolates collected throughout Australia, as well as the original inoculum strains. Phylogenetic analysis of capsid protein VP60 sequences of the Australian isolates, compared with those sampled globally, revealed that they form a monophyletic group with the inoculum strains (CAPM V-351 and RHDV351INOC). Strikingly, despite more than 3000 rereleases of RHDV351INOC since 1995, only a single viral lineage has sustained its transmission in the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparative quantitative monitoring of rabbit haemorrhagic disease viruses in rabbit kittens. AU - Matthaei, Markus. AU - Kerr, Peter AU - READ, Andrew. AU - Hick, Paul. AU - Haboury, Stephanie. AU - Wright, John. AU - STRIVE, Tanja. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - Background: Only one strain (the Czech CAPM-v351) of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) has been released in Australia and New Zealand to control pest populations of the European rabbit O. cuniculus. Antigenic variants of RHDV known as RHDVa strains are reportedly replacing RHDV strains in other parts of the world, and Australia is currently investigating the usefulness of RHDVa to complement rabbit biocontrol efforts in Australia and New Zealand. RHDV efficiently kills adult rabbits but not rabbit kittens, which are more resistant to RHD the younger they are and which may carry the virus without signs of disease for prolonged periods. These different infection patterns in young rabbits may significantly influence ...

46 Bluetongue Dating divergence times for bluetongue virus and epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus serotypes The nucleotide sequences of Seg-2 from BTV and EHDV provide a basis for the calculation of molecular evolutionary rates (MER) using Bayesian methodologies (Drummond and Rambaut, 2007). Upper and lower limits for the evolutionary rate of Seg-2 were estimated at 10À4 and 10À5 changes/site/year. These values were used to calculate the time at which different BTV serotypes diverged from a common ancestor (using the formula: divergence time = [geneticdistance/2*1/MER]). Nomikou), India (personal communication: Dr. S. , 2004), Taiwan and Indonesia. Equine encephalosis virus Equine encephalosis virus is associated with disease of horses in southern Africa. The virus was first identified in 1967 from horses that died from an unknown peracute illness. Serological investigations revealed that widespread EEV infections of horses had occurred during the summer of 1967 but that Bluetongue virus, ...

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) belongs to the family Caliciviridae and is the etiological agent of the haemorrhagic disease, also known as rabbit plague. Its genome is a linear single-stranded (ss) RNA of 7437 nucleotides and the capsid is built from a single structural protein VP60. In connection with the discovery of new RHDV strains, there is a constant need to investigate the genetic variation of this virus and perform phylogenetic analyses which may show the evolutionary relationships among the RHDV strains. Studies on the divergence of RHDV have shown that it is genetically quite stable, although recent observations indicate that some new RHDV strains, significantly different from the original RHDV subtype and the new RHDVa subtype, are appearing. These latest findings suggest that a new group of RHDV strains has evolved. The present review summarizes the current knowledge on the genetic variation and the latest achievements in phylogenetic analyses of RHDV strains isolated in ...

Hemorrhagic disease (HD) is an infectious viral disease transmitted by tiny biting flies (often referred to as midges, gnats, or no-see-ums) in the genus Culicoides. HD is caused by two closely related viruses in the genus Obrbivirus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) and bluetongue virus. There are 2 subtypes of EHD virus and 5 subtypes of bluetongue in North America. Because disease features produced by these viruses are indistinguishable, a general term, hemorrhagic disease, often is used when the specific virus is unknown. Although EHD and bluetongue virus are infectious to a wide range of wild ruminants, susceptibility varies among species. Clinical disease has been reported in white-tailed deer, mule deer, bighorn sheep, elk, and pronghorn. Antibodies or virus have been detected in bison and mountain goats; however, these infections were not associated with disease. Although large die-offs of HD have not been reported in Arizona, antibodies for the disease have been documented in mule ...

Public, hunters and hikers asked to take precautions to avoid spreading deadly illness. East County News Service. Photo: Creative Commons-S.A. via Bing. May 13, 2020 (Palm Springs) - After 10 dead jackrabbits were found dead on a private property near Palm Springs, a carcass has tested positive for Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 (RHDV2) which is highly contagious and often lethal to both wild and domestic rabbits, as well as hares and pikas. The virus has been confirmed in state and federal lab tests. ...

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) is a highly contagious disease caused by a calicivirus that affects rabbits. This includes wild and domesticated European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), from which our own domesticated rabbits are descended. Until 2020, it had not been known to affect North American native ra

Read Complete genome sequence of two rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus variant b isolates detected on the Iberian Peninsula, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

A veterinary laboratory confirmed the presence of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 in a wild black-tailed jackrabbit that was among 10 jackrabbits found dead on a property near Palm Springs, according to Californias Fish and Wildlife Department.

Haemagglutination and ELISA tests, and negative contrast electron microscopy, have been used to identify rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in naturally occurring cases of the disease and in experimentally infected rabbits in the United Kingdom. Haemagglutination tests alone are not satisfactory for the diagnosis because non-haemagglutinating isolates of the virus, otherwise indistinguishable from others, have been found in some outbreaks. Haemagglutination inhibition tests have shown that a proportion of both commercial laboratory and wild rabbits in the UK are seropositive to the virus although they have not been associated with clinical disease. This observation, made previously in other parts of Europe, may indicate the longstanding circulation of a related but non-pathogenic strain of virus. Naturally occurring antibody appears to afford a high degree of protection against experimental challenge with virulent virus.. ...

3C-like protease processes the polyprotein: 3CLpro-RdRp (p72) is first released by autocleavage, then all other proteins are cleaved.

But, with this Rabbit assignment, Ive really struggled. Even with my Pollyanna personality, I fear the light here is very faint, and Im not sure theres an end to the tunnel.

The Minnesota Board of Animal Health has confirmed the first cases of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD) in farmed deer in southeastern Minnesota. EHD is a viral disease affecting members of the deer family, Cervidae, and is widespread across areas of North America and many other parts of the world. It is transmitted by biting midges (Culicoides genus) Many different deer species may be infected with EHD, but white-tailed deer are highly susceptible, and experience high rates of mortality. Occasionally, cases of EHD have been reported in cattle, bison, and other ruminant species.. The affected animals were part of a small white-tailed deer herd in Goodhue County. On September 29, 2018 all of the deer were acting normally and were fed treats in the evening. The following morning, September 30, most of the animals were slow and did not come up to eat, and by evening two of the animals died. On the morning of October 1, most of the remaining animals were extremely lethargic, dull, and recumbent. ...

Bluetongue, Epizootic hemorrhagic disease and Rift Valley fever (RVF) are insect-transmitted viral diseases that affect wildlife and domestic animals. RVF virus also can cause blindness and lethal disease in humans. The ARS has developed diagnostic and surveillance tools for these viruses and the insects that transmit them. This technology will be transferred to Kenya Wildlife Service staff. This includes detection of viral genomes using real-time RT-PCR assays. This is a rapid method for estimating viremia and for RVF it is safer to perform than virus isolation. In addition, commercial and new serological assays will be used to detect viral antigens and/or host antibodies to viral proteins. This study will provide valuable information about the arbovirus situation in Kenyan wildlife and assessment of new diagnostic tools. ...

Hemorrhagic Disease Due to Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Pittsburgh Mutation: Read more about Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications, Causes and Prognosis.

Gene transfer using recombinant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsids with genetically modified DNA encapsidation capacity by addition of packaging sequences from the L1 or L2 protein of human papillomavirus type 16. ...

Gene transfer using recombinant rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus capsids with genetically modified DNA encapsidation capacity by addition of packaging sequences from the L1 or L2 protein of human papillomavirus type 16. ...

WILKES COUNTY, N.C. -- The Hemorrhagic disease found in deer is spreading with 50 more cases being reported after wildlife officials said last week that 100 deer were found dead in Surry and Wilkes counties.Authorities said the disease is spread by a bite from a tiny fly called a midge.

Introduction. Small blood-feeding flies, 1 mm - 3 mm in size, of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), are associated worldwide with the transmission of several viruses (n = 66), protozoa (n = 15) and filarial nematodes (n = 26) to a diversity of livestock hosts (Borkent 2005; Meiswinkel, Venter & Nevill 2004). At least three orbiviruses, namely, African horse sickness, bluetongue and epizootic haemorrhagic disease viruses, cause diseases of such international significance in livestock that they have been classified as notifiable to the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). Culicoides midges can also cause an acute allergic dermatitis (sweet-itch) in horses (Anderson, Belton & Kleider 1988).. Despite the availability and wide use of vaccines against the African horse sickness virus, more than 630 horses succumbed to African horse sickness during the 2010/2011 summer season in southern Africa (African Horse Sickness Trust 2012). Effective virus transmission and the rate thereof ...

We carried out an experimental study to determine the serological response against myxoma virus (MV) and rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) in wild rabbits using commercial vaccines. Seroconversion against MV ranged between 72.7% and 97.2% in animals vaccinated by subcutaneous and intradermal route, respectively, whereas between 75.0% and 77.8% of the animals presented antibodies against RHDV after inoculation with subcutaneous and intradermal vaccines, respectively. Regardless of the inoculation route, vaccination against MV resulted in a significant increase of seropositivity 5 days post-vaccination (dpv), which did not occur in animals vaccinated against RHDV. Furthermore, seroconversion against MV was significantly higher and faster in intradermally vaccinated rabbits as compared to those inoculated subcutaneously due to either the route of application and/or the type of vaccine used. The results indicated that vaccination significantly increased the prevalence of antibodies against MV ...

The primary vectors of African horse sickness are among species of biting midges, which are very small blood-feeding flying insects about 1/8th of an inch in length, Teel said. The immature stages of these insects complete their portion of the midge life cycle in association with wet habitats ranging from permanent and semi-permanent aquatic areas to very moist soils and decaying organic matter.. He explained these are biological vectors meaning that the virus reproduces inside biting midges after blood meals are taken from infected animals; the resulting infected midges are then able to infect new animals. We have biting midges in the U.S., Teel said. They are involved in the transmission of two similar viruses causing diseases known as blue tongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in livestock and wildlife.. He said Texas has biting midges and both diseases. AgriLife Research entomologists have been involved in studying the taxonomy, ecology and management of biting midges associated ...

v.10, n.3, 7 Case Report Bluetongue in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Northeastern Mexico Julio Martínez-Burnes, Hugo Barrios-García, Jorge Alva-Pérez, Rafael Ramírez-Romero, Luis Jorge García-Márquez, Alfonso López-Mayagoitia Abstract Bluetongue (BT) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease of deer (EHD)... Read more » ...

A study led by the Hunting Resources Research Institute demonstrates the effects that a new variant of the hemorrhagic disease virus RHDV has on wild rabbits on the Iberian Peninsula. The virus threatens the survival of its predator, the Iberian lynx.

While RHDV2 is a threat to domestic rabbits, the Game Commission has no involvement with domestic animals. PDA is involved with domestic rabbits to the extent that they are raised and slaughtered for meat and such facilities are not voluntarily consenting to USDA and/or FDA oversight. In addition to PDA, USDA, and FDA, private veterinary practices would also provide some oversight of domestic/pet rabbits. Any questions regarding disease surveillance in domestic rabbits should be directed to those non-Game Commission entities. Veterinary diagnostic laboratories are aware of the issue and any detections of RHDV2 in domestic lagomorphs in PA will be reported to the Game Commission ...

Whitetail Supplies : Gift Certificate FAQ - EHD & MIDGE CONTROL FAWN CARE FEED / GRAIN MIXERS & BINS DEER FENCE & FENCING TOOLS DEER HANDLING SYSTEMS / MOVEMENT ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TRANQUILIZATION HEALTH CARE / VACCINES / DRUGS FAWN MILK REPLACER FEED SUPPLEMENTS PROBIOTICS HEAD GEAR PRODUCTS ANTLER GROWTH Whitetail, Deer, Fawn, Doe, Buck, Farm, Breeder, Breeding, Supplies, Supply, Products, equipment, resources, consulting, Cervid, Elk, Goat, Sheep, Vaccines, Vaccinations, Vaccinate, Medicines, Pharmaceuticals, Fencing, Tools, Handling, Feed, Grain, Supplements, Milk Replacer, Health Care, Drugs, Tranquilization, Artificial Insemination, Cidrs, Ear Tags, Dewormers, Midge, Culicoides, insect control, EHD, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, prevention, Blue Tongue Virus, Mosquito, West nile, Commercial, Mist Sprayer, Commercial Fogging, ULV Fogger, Fogging, London Fogger, Adapco Fogger, Permethrin, Fallow, Sika, Mule Deer, Axis Deer, Red Deer, Stag, Bull Elk, Cow Elk

Whitetail Supplies : PROBIOTICS - EHD & MIDGE CONTROL FAWN CARE FEED / GRAIN MIXERS & BINS DEER FENCE & FENCING TOOLS DEER HANDLING SYSTEMS / MOVEMENT ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION TRANQUILIZATION HEALTH CARE / VACCINES / DRUGS FAWN MILK REPLACER FEED SUPPLEMENTS PROBIOTICS HEAD GEAR PRODUCTS ANTLER GROWTH Whitetail, Deer, Fawn, Doe, Buck, Farm, Breeder, Breeding, Supplies, Supply, Products, equipment, resources, consulting, Cervid, Elk, Goat, Sheep, Vaccines, Vaccinations, Vaccinate, Medicines, Pharmaceuticals, Fencing, Tools, Handling, Feed, Grain, Supplements, Milk Replacer, Health Care, Drugs, Tranquilization, Artificial Insemination, Cidrs, Ear Tags, Dewormers, Midge, Culicoides, insect control, EHD, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, prevention, Blue Tongue Virus, Mosquito, West nile, Commercial, Mist Sprayer, Commercial Fogging, ULV Fogger, Fogging, London Fogger, Adapco Fogger, Permethrin, Fallow, Sika, Mule Deer, Axis Deer, Red Deer, Stag, Bull Elk, Cow Elk

Wildlife populations are affected by diseases of all types, every day. However, some diseases are of particular concern within units of the National Park System and are the focus of active monitoring, management and research. Some examples include: bat white-nose syndrome, rabies, plague, tularemia, bighorn sheep pneumonia complex, chronic wasting disease, bovine brucellosis, epizootic hemorrhagic disease, amphibian chytridiomycosis, avian botulism, and West Nile virus. The threat of introduction of diseases not currently in the United States, such as foot-and-mouth disease, are also of concern ...

Deficiency of vitamin K predisposes to early, classic or late hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN); late HDN may be associated with serious and life-threatening intracranial hemorrhage. Late HDN is characterized by intracranial bleeding in infants aged 1 week to 6 months due to severe vitamin K …

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 is believed to have spread to the U.S. from Europe, and was first reported to have killed wild rabbits in New Mexico back in March.

SACRAMENTO - A highly contagious and deadly rabbit disease has been found in California for the first time, the state Fish and Wildlife Department said.. A veterinary laboratory confirmed the presence of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus type 2 in a wild black-tailed jackrabbit that was among 10 jackrabbits found dead on a property near Palm Springs early this month, the department said Wednesday.. The department said the disease is lethal to wild and domestic rabbits, but does not affect humans or domestic animals other than rabbits.. Infected rabbits may exhibit no symptoms before suddenly dying, or they may suffer fever, swelling, internal bleeding and liver failure. ...

Their results so far? In 2013, the midge species known for carrying exotic HD had been found in Georgia, Florida, Alabama and Mississippi-areas in which these species havent occupied before. To see just how far the species has traveled, research is moving farther north into the Carolinas and Tennessee.. Jason Allen is the district biologist for the northern piedmont region. He spends his mornings in his home office responding to all sorts of questions from his community. Occasionally he helps educate the public and fellow staff on the science behind wildlife. His afternoons are spent in the field, lending his time and expertise to private land owners, the public, researchers and whoever else he meets along the way. Allen began working with the Commission 15 years ago as a technician at the Caswell Wildlife Depot where he gained experience working with hunters and managing multiple game lands. He worked his way up to crew leader and eventually became the Interim Northern Piedmont Management ...

The genus Orbivirus is a member of the Reoviridae family, in the subfamily Sedoreovirinae. Unlike the other reoviruses, orbiviruses are arboviruses. This genus currently contains 22 species (including the type species Bluetongue virus) and at least 130 different serotypes. Orbiviruses can infect and replicate within a wide range of arthropod and vertebrate hosts. Orbiviruses are named after their characteristic doughnut shaped capsomers (Orbi in Latin means ring). Many orbiviruses are transmitted by ticks or haematophagus insect vectors (Culicoides, mosquitoes and sand flies) and have a wide host range that includes cattle, goats and sheep, wild ruminants, equids, camelids, marsupials, sloths, bats, birds, large canine and feline carnivores and humans. The three economically most important orbiviruses are bluetongue virus, African horse sickness virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus all of which are transmitted by Culicoides species. The virons are non-enveloped particles that are ...

Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD), also known as rabbit calicivirus disease (RCD) or viral haemorrhagic disease (VHD), is a highly infectious and often fatal disease that affects wild and domestic rabbits of the species Oryctolagus cuniculus. The infectious agent responsible for the disease is rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), or rabbit calicivirus (RCV), genus Lagovirus of the family Caliciviridae. The virus infects only rabbits, and has been used in some countries to control rabbit populations. RHD first appeared in the Winter of 1983 in Jiangsu Province of the Peoples Republic of China. It was first isolated and characterized by S.J. Liu et al. in 1984. The Chinese outbreak was spread by the angora rabbit, which had originated in Europe. Fourteen million domesticated rabbits died within nine months in the outbreak. In 1984 the virus that caused the disease was identified. The virus spread westward and reached Europe in 1988. The virus has since appeared in Mexico, Cuba, Australia, ...

Wildlife officials recently announced outbreaks of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Type 2 (RHDV2) ravaging Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Arizona and California. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) deems RHDV2 as seriously contagious and nearly always fatal amongst domestic and wild rabbit species and their close relatives, hares and pikas. RHDV2 is not zoonotic, so it wont infect livestock, pets or humans, asserts the California Department of Fish & Wildlife (CDFW) . Still, Texas Parks & Wildlife (TPW) advise against pets consuming rabbit carcasses. Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) is the viral agent causing rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD). Science Direct says RHDV belongs in the calicivirus family, which infects many animals including pigs, cattle, cats and even humans. Norovirus, for example, is a human calicivirus. But humans seem unaffected by RHDV. Related: Whats causing the decline in monarch butterfly populations? There are two worrisome strains of RHDV - RHDV1 and RHDV2. ...

Figure. Trends in rabbit abundance (number of rabbits/km) in Aragón and Doñana National Park, northern and southern Spain, respectively, and in the number of Iberian lynx cubs born in the wild in Spain. A) Average rabbit abundance (+SD) of populations showing long-term increasing trend over the whole sampling period (n = 18) in Aragón (8); B) average rabbit abundance (+SD) of populations showing long-term decreasing trend over the whole sampling period (n = 25) in Aragón (8); C) rabbit abundance over the study period in Coto del Rey (circles), which is likely the main area for rabbits and lynxes within Doñana National Park; and average rabbit abundance (+SD) over the study period of 7 low-density populations (squares) within Doñana National Park (see details about methods in http://www-rbd.ebd.csic.es/Seguimiento/mediobiologico/conejo/pnd/ProtocoloCensoConejosPND.pdf); and D) total number of lynx cubs born in the wild during 2002-2013 in Spain (data available at http://www.lifelince.org ...

In recent years, an alarming number of cases of lethal acute hemorrhagic disease have occurred in Asian elephant calves raised in logging camps in Myanmar. To determine whether these deaths were associated with infection by elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV), we conducted diagnostic PCR subtype DNA sequencing analysis on necropsy tissue samples collected from 3 locations. We found that EEHV DNA from 7 PCR loci was present at high levels in all 3 calves and was the same EEHV1A virus type that has been described in North America, Europe, and other parts of Asia. However, when analyzed over 5,610 bp, the strains showed major differences from each other and from all previously characterized EEHV1A strains. We conclude that these 3 elephant calves in Myanmar died from the same herpesvirus disease that has afflicted young Asian elephants in other countries over the past 20 years.

Rabbits have been a persistent problem in Australia for over 150 years. Now the Peel Harvey Catchment Council (PHCC) and Peel-Harvey Biosecurity Group have released a strain of the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV), called RHDV1 K5, to reduce the number of pests in the Murray region of New South Wales.