Background: Hospitalization in cardiac care unit (CCU) results in much anxiety followed by changes in hemodynamic indices in most patients. The accompanying family members play an important role in patients care and support. Therefore, the current study was performed to determine the impact of family-based training programs on hemodynamic indices and duration of hospitalization for patients with coronary artery disease.Methods: The population of this clinical trial study consists of patients with coronary artery disease hospitalized in CCU of an educational hospital in Zanjan, Iran in 2013. Eighty patients were selected through convenience sampling method, and were randomly assigned into the two groups of intervention and control. The family-based training program for the intervention group was executed as three 40-60 min sessions of face-to-face meeting with the patients and the core accompanying family member. Mean hemodynamic indices of the patients including systolic and diastolic blood pressures,

en] The aim of the present study was to determine possible effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin on peripheral vascular compliance and relate them to concomitant central hemodynamic disturbances. Endotoxin was infused at 0.25 micrograms/kg.min during 2 h in six anesthetized dogs, while six additional animals served as controls. Vascular compliance of the systemic circulation was calculated in intact animals from the changes in CVP after known changes in systemic blood volume. In control dogs, vascular compliance averaged 2.3 ml/mm Hg.kg body weight. During slow endotoxin infusion, cardiovascular effects were measurable only after a certain period of time had elapsed from the start of endotoxin insult and consisted of hypotension associated with systemic vasodilation. Systemic BP decreased gradually from 124 to 68 mm Hg while vascular compliance was finally increased by 100%, when compared to control values. This latter rise was responsible for a reduction in the cardiac preloads. Pulmonary wedge ...

Doppler echocardiography is the cornerstone of noninvasive hemodynamic assessment of any valvular prosthesis, as findings correlate very well with invasive hemodynamic data (14). Similar to surgically implanted bioprostheses, quantitative hemodynamic assessment relies on flow-dependent (measured by continuous wave [CW] Doppler: peak aortic velocity, mean TAV gradients) and flow-independent parameters (calculated from LVOT and aortic measurements: effective orifice area [EOA]; Doppler velocity index [DVI]). However, TAV valves have unique features. Indeed, in-stent flow acceleration occurs at 2 levels (subvalvular and post-cusp) (15), therefore LVOT diameter and flow should be measured at the inferior edge of the stent (Figure 3). Furthermore, final hemodynamic performance depends on the type/size of prosthesis, native valvular anatomy, and procedural variables (13). In this context, establishing a normal range is challenging, and comparisons to the baseline hemodynamic characteristics of the ...

Introduction: Coronary hemodynamic factors, in particular low endothelial shear stress (ESS) determine atherosclerosis progression. Vascular remodeling in response to plaque growth affects local blood flow profile and therefore the natural history of individual lesions. Compensatory expansive remodeling (ER) prevents a plaque from encroaching into the lumen, but an excessive ER response promotes high-risk lesions. Hypothesis: Excessive ER aggravates the local ESS microenvironment in humans, leading to accelerated coronary atherosclerosis.. Methods: We investigated the PREDICTION Study database of 3D coronary reconstruction by angiography & IVUS at the time of an acute coronary event (baseline, BL) and at 6-10 months followup (FU). At BL, we identified discrete plaques (max thickness ,0.5 mm, length 9 to 30 mm) with normal adjacent regions and assessed ESS (using computational fluid dynamics) and remodeling in 3mm-long segments of these plaques. At FU, we assessed ESS and plaque growth in the ...

Perioperative sympatholysis. Beneficial effects of the a2-adrenoceptor agonist mivazerol on hemodynamic stability and myocardial ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hemodynamic function at rest, during acute stress, and in the field. T2 - Predictors of cardiac structure and function 2 years later in youth. AU - Kapuku, Gaston K.. AU - Treiber, Frank A.. AU - Davis, Harry C.. AU - Harshfield, Gregory A.. AU - Cook, Barton B.. AU - Mensah, George A.. PY - 1999/11. Y1 - 1999/11. N2 - Left ventricular hypertrophy is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, predictors of cardiac structure and function in youth are not completely understood. On 2 occasions (2.3 years apart), we examined 146 youth aged initially 10 to 19 years (mean age, 14.2 ± 1.8 years). On the initial visit, hemodynamic function was assessed at rest, during laboratory stress (ie, orthostasis, car-driving simulation, video game, and forehead cold), and in the field (ie, ambulatory blood pressure). Quantitative M-mode echocardiograms were obtained on both visits. On both visits, black compared with white youth had higher resting laboratory ...

Position of PKA activation Here, we report that a b adrenergic mediated rise in cAMP and subsequent activation of PKA is very important for TP induced cardioprotection which can be consistent with our early in the day observation2 that the change from hypothermic perfusion to normothermia during TP caused a quick and significant enlargement of haemodynamic function, although H 89 totally abolished and sotalol partially abolished the TP mediated development of haemodynamic function and reduction of LDH release during reperfusion. RPP was paid off to 60% of the first value and was notably less than in adenosine treated hearts, when hearts perfused with isoproterenol were moved deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitor to adenosine. By the end of pre ischaemia, this parameter was still slightly diminished in hearts of the consecutive isoproterenol adenosine group. Perfusion with isoproterenol but not adenosine also decreased the glycogen content of the spirits by. 500-pages. There was no additive effect of ...

Background: Knockout mice (KO) deficient in S100A1, an endothelial cell (EC) protein with intra and extra-cellular activity, develop pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) with reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity, impaired production of NO, and increased EC apoptosis. To explore therapeutic potential in PAH, the impact of exogenous S100A1 protein delivery on hemodynamics in isolated perfused lungs and signalling in cultured pulmonary ECs was examined in KO and wild-type (WT) mice.. Methods and Results: In vivo, KO exhibited elevation in right ventricular systolic pressure (28.41±3.6 vs.14.9±2.41 mmHg in WT, p, 0.05, n=5), with no change in left ventricular (LV) hemodynamics including LV end-diastolic pressure volume relationship (0.35±0.15 vs.0.33±0.05 mmHg/µl vs.WT, n=8). KO perfused lungs exhibited augmented basal pulmonary vascular resistance (R0) and responses to 1µg/ml Angiotensin II (0.15±0.03 and 0.23±0.06 vs.0.09±0.01 and 0.12±0.01 mmHg*ml-1*kg-1* min-1 in ...

Nearly half of all patients with heart failure have a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF)1-3. This group is increasing in prevalence, has similar morbidity and mortality to systolic HF, and, despite increasing awareness of the healthcare burden, is without proven treatments1. This is related largely to a limited understanding of the basic mechanisms causing the disease3. Recent studies have added to contemporary understanding, but the pathophysiology remains controversial and incompletely understood4-8. A limitation of most prior studies is that the noninvasive measurements employed are merely surrogates for gold standard, invasive hemodynamic assessment9. There is general consensus that HFpEF patients have increased left ventricular filling pressures (LVDP) and relatively normal systolic function at rest5,8,10, but two critical questions remain: what causes the increase in LVDP, and, are there important deficits in the cardiovascular response to exercise stress in HFpEF patients3,4? The current ...

The concept that the cardiovascular system works better when the heart and the arterial system are coupled has been well demonstrated [5, 6]. When the heart pumps blood into the vascular tree at a rate and volume that matches the capability of the arterial system to receive it, both cardiovascular performance and its associated cardiac energetics are optimal [7, 8]. A contractility or arterial tone that is too high or too low decouples these processes and can lead to cardiac failure independent of myocardial ischemia or the toxic effects of sepsis and related systemic disease processes. This optimization means that the LV workload and the arterial system optimally match when the left ventricle ejects the blood into the arterial system and is quantified by ventriculo-arterial (V-A) coupling analysis. This process is optimized without excessive changes in LV pressure, and the mechanical energy of LV ejection is completely transferred from the ventricle to the arterial system [9, 10].The role of ...

according acute affected aims analyzed applied arrows arterial artery artifact assess asymmetries asymptomatic best bland blood blue bold brain carotid causes cerebral christen chronic clear clinical cognitive coil compensation contrast correlation corresponds custom decreased decreases deeper defined dementia dependent disease diseases driven dynamic elderly especially evaluate evaluation even excluded expected extraction five flow focal fraction front functional gaining global good grade hamburg head healthy hemispheres highly human hypo hypoxia impaired impairment impairments individual induced insignificant internal investigations knowledge labeling lateralization leakage major males mapping maps masks matched measured mechanism modalities normalization occlusive ongoing overview oxygen oxygenation parametric participants patient patients peak perfusion physiological plot plots powers preliminary processing protocol quantitative radiology ratings reactivity readout recent reduced related ...

Alterations of LVEDP during IR; left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP); control-ischemia reperfusion (C-IR), C-ischemic postconditioning (C-IPost), hyp

Hemodynamics Company is a new ambulatory cardiac monitoring (AECG) company with members comprised of the most tenured experts from across the industry to deliver a simple, high quality & clinically viable wearable ECG sensor called the EZecg Patch.. Hemodyamics Co is a Medicare approved Independent Diagnostic Testing Facility (IDTF) based in the Dallas / Fort Worth area aimed to deliver a superior long term continuous ECG monitoring solution to improve many of the limitations or weaknesses from the existing Patch Monitoring companies in the industry today.. The Hemodynamics EZecg Patch is a simple, peel & stick, single channel ECG monitoring patch that is generally worn for 3-7 days. The EZecg Patch is reported by more than 80% of patients to be a preferred method of monitoring due to the comfort, easy of use & the convenience of wearing such a small monitor. Most patients say they forget that the monitor is even there!. Here is why many medical facilities are choosing to adopt the EZecg Patch ...

My research focus is the development of ultrasonic techniques for non-invasive imaging and flow visualization, primarily to elucidate the connections between vascular tissue changes and local hemodynamics. The development and progression of vascular disease involves an inherent feedback loop whereby local hemodynamics (e.g. oscillating shear) affect tissue changes (e.g. plaque development), which in turn affect the hemodynamics (e.g. turbulence). Hence, to investigate the role of hemodynamics in vascular disease, it is important to be able to map out and characterize the local hemodynamics relative to the tissue geometry and composition (available through various imaging modalities, incl. ultrasound), as well as follow any correlated tissue and hemodynamic changes.. ...

Though different hemodynamic entities, LVEDP and mean LAP (PCWP as a surrogate) are the most common parameters used to describe the LV filling ...

The Biopac Student Lab Pro software has many features that permit the user to perform a number of hemodynamic measurements, in addition to basic

Xiao et al 2015 study GDFT group: heart rate, incidences of hypotension & use of phenylephrine were all lower than in the control group.

The energetic needs of brain cells at rest and during elevated neuronal activation has been the topic of many investigations where mathematical models have played a significant role providing a context for the interpretation of experimental findings. A recently proposed mathematical model, comprising a double feedback between cellular metabolism and electrophysiology, sheds light on the interconnections between the electrophysiological details associated with changes in the frequency of neuronal firing and the corresponding metabolic activity. We propose a new extended mathematical model comprising a three-way feedback connecting metabolism, electrophysiology and hemodynamics. Upon specifying the time intervals of higher neuronal activation, the model generates a potassium based signal leading to the concomitant increase in cerebral blood flow with associated vasodilation and metabolic changes needed to sustain the increased energy demand. The predictions of the model are in good qualitative and ...

Definition A physiologic state characterized by Inadequate tissue perfusion Clinically manifested by Hemodynamic disturbances Organ dysfunction

[Non-invasive hemodynamics].: At the present time it is possible to obtain a great amount of hemodynamic information in noninvasive form, by means of the use of

View Notes - Chapt. 21. Custom outline. bios255-1.docx from ANATOMY 100 at Chamberlain College of Nursing. 255 Week 2: Chapter 21: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics BIOS 255: Week 2 Chapter 21: The

Study Flashcards On physioreview10(Hemodynamics) at Cram.com. Quickly memorize the terms, phrases and much more. Cram.com makes it easy to get the grade you want!

Study of blood movement through vessels. In cardiology, functioning of a patients circulatory system; in imaging, proxy measurements of brain activity using MRI.

Well, about 10 days ago our little italian greyhound was hit by a car - she spent a night in the hospital, but has - Answered by a verified Dog Veterinarian

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cilostazol is useful for the treatment of sinus bradycardia and associated hemodynamic deterioration following heart transplantation. AU - Uchikawa, Tomoki. AU - Fujino, Takeo. AU - Higo, Taiki. AU - Ohtani, Kisho. AU - Shiose, Akira. AU - Tsutsui, Hiroyuki. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Bradycardia is a common complication at the early postoperative period after heart transplantation (HT). The heart rate (HR) usually recovers within a few weeks; however, several patients need a temporary pacemaker or chronotropic agents to stabilize their hemodynamics. Here, we report the first case of transient bradycardia associated with hemodynamic deterioration following HT, which was successfully treated with cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase-3-inhibiting agent. A 59-year-old man received HT for advanced heart failure due to ischemic cardiomyopathy. General fatigue persisted even after the HT. His HR was around 60 beats per minute (bpm) with sinus rhythm. Echocardiography showed no ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Splanchnic and systemic hemodynamic responses to portal vein endotoxin after resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock. AU - Gavin, T. J.. AU - Fabian, T. C.. AU - Wilson, J. D.. AU - Trenthem, L. L.. AU - Pritchard, F. E.. AU - Croce, M. A.. AU - Stewart, R. M.. AU - Proctor, K. G.. PY - 1994. Y1 - 1994. N2 - Background. Hemorrhagic shock and sepsis are usually studied separately or in rodents. This study combined the two insults in a large animal model. Methods. Anesthetized pigs were bled, held in shock for 1 hour, and then resuscitated with fluid. After 3 days, Escherichia coli endotoxin (LPS) was infused into the portal vein (150 μg/kg x 30 min) to mimic the effect of enteric substances breaching the mucosal barrier. Systemic and splanchnic hemodynamic, circulating leukocytes, and plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were measured in five groups: 40% hemorrhage plus fluid only resuscitation, 10% hemorrhage plus fluid-blood resuscitation, 50% hemorrhage plus fluid-blood ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hemodynamic assessment of transluminal angioplasty for lower extremity ischemia. AU - Neiman, H. L.. AU - Bergan, J. J.. AU - Yao, J. S.T.. AU - Brandt, T. D.. AU - Greenberg, M.. AU - OMara, C. S.. PY - 1982/1/1. Y1 - 1982/1/1. N2 - Seventy-two patients underwent hemodynamic testing before and after treatment for occlusive disease of their lower extremities. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was used to treat lesions in 26 iliac segments and produced 23 initially improved ankle or upper thigh indices, two hemodynamic failures, and one technical failure; PTA for 54 femoropopliteal lesions produced initial hemodynamic improvement in 41 cases, three hemodynamic failures, and ten technical failures. Hemodynamic follow-up of the iliac segments showed improvement in 25 (92%) as measured by the systolic pressure index of the ankle; follow-up of the femoropopliteal segments showed continued patency of 41 (65.9%). The authors analyze these hemodynamic data.. AB - Seventy-two ...

Obesity is a well-known condition of resistant hypertension (HT). Insights to the hemodynamic patterns that characterize obesity related hypertension may help guide therapeutic adjustments and shorten time to HT control. We performed a retrospective analysis of 202 patients followed at our Hypertension Clinic with the diagnosis of primary HT and who performed an impedance cardiography (ICG) test. Obtained data was analyzed to identify differences between obese and non-obese patients and to identify predictors of uncontrolled HT (≥ 140 and/or ≥ 90 mmHg) in obese patients. One hundred patients were male (49.5%) and average age 54.6 ± 13.9 years. Average systolic and diastolic pressures were 136.5 ± 22.4 mmHg and 82.9 ± 5.1 mmHg, respectively. The average BMI was 28.9 ± 5.1 Kg/m2. Seventy one patients (35.1%) had systolic arterial pressure (AP) ≥140 mmHg and 45 patients (22.3%) diastolic AP ≥90 mmHg. BMI correlated with systolic and diastolic AP (Pearsons coefficient 0.235; p | 0.001 and 0.163

The effects of nitroprusside (NP), phentolamine (PH), and nitroglycerin (NTG) were studied on systemic hemodynamics, regional contraction and epicardial ST segment in the border and non-ischemic zones of the left ventricle of anesthetized open chest dogs. The anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was completely occluded. NP (5 microgram/Kg/min) or PH (100 microgram/Kg/min) was drip-infused, or a bolus injection of NTG (20 microgram/Kg) was administered intravenously. The 3 vasodilator agents produced somewhat similar reductions in systemic arterial pressure. However, NP caused a greater reduction in total peripheral resistance (TPR) than in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), and caused a decline, in the ischemic marginal zone, in both ST segment eievation and paradoxical systolic lengthening. PH decreased TRP without reducing LVEDP and elevated the ST segment. NTG markedly reduced LVEDP and TPR slightly. NTG improved the elevated ST segment and paradoxical systolic expansion of ...

Haemodynamic instability affects 22% to 29% of very low birth weight infants in the acute period following ligation of the ductus arteriosus and contributes to the mortality seen in this group. Since the sudden elevation of systemic vascular resistan

Objective:The present study aimed to compare circadian hemodynamic characteristics in hypertensive patients with and without primary aldosteronism.Methods:Circadian hemodynamics, including 24-h brachial and central blood pressure (BP), SBP variability indices, central pulse wave velocity (PWV), augm

Changes in the major parameters of central and intracardiac hemodynamics and bodys oxygen supply were examined in 93 patients with massive myocardial infarction in the in-hospital period of the disease. Traditional therapy was given to 71 patients; in addition, phosphocreatine infusions (a course dose being 30 g) were used in 22 patients in acute myocardial infarction. Phosphocreatine therapy failed to substantially affect cardiac pump function, but prevented left ventricular dilation and development of congestive heart failure. The patients receiving phosphocreatine showed an increase in bodys oxygen consumption due to its elevated tissue extraction. No adverse effects of phosphocreatine were found.

We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and hemodynamic findings in 397 patients with valvular aortic stenosis at their first hemodynamic evaluation. This series is considered representative of aortic stenosis because it is heavily weighted toward older patients (average age, 61.1 years) and severe aortic stenosis (87.3% of patients had aortic valve area less than 1 cm2). We identified two categories of symptoms: angina and syncope, which develop during a fully compensated stage of aortic stenosis (prefailure symptoms); and dyspnea or congestive failure, which signifies various degrees of left ventricular malfunction. The preponderance of soft or medium intensity systolic murmur and normal or widened pulse pressure emphasizes the changing clinical picture of aortic stenosis in an aging population. Coexisting coronary artery disease was found in 60% of patients, but those with and without coronary disease did not differ significantly, even in the presence of angina. ...

Background: Common conditions such as obesity and hypertension result in hemodynamic alterations that will induce remodeling of the left ventricle (LV). However, differences between the genders in the relationship of hemodynamics to LV geometry are not well known. The present study aims to investigate differences between the genders in this respect, in a sample of elderly persons. Methods: Echocardiography and Doppler was performed in a population-based sample aged 70 - The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study (n = 922). Hemodynamic patterns obtained by echocardiography and Doppler were evaluated in relation to four LV geometric groups (normal, concentric remodeling, eccentric hypertrophy and concentric hypertrophy). Results: No significant difference between the genders was observed regarding the prevalence of the LV geometric groups. Mean values of most evaluated echocardiography and Doppler variables differed between men and women, such as LA, IVS, ...

Background. Complications of an inadequate haemodynamic state are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. Unfortunately, commonly used methods to assess haemodynamic status are not well documented with respect to outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate SV(O2) as a prognostic marker for short-and long-term outcome in a large unselected coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) cohort and in subgroups with or without treatment for intraoperative heart failure. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanMethods. Two thousand seven hundred and fifty-five consecutive CABG patients and subgroups comprising 344 patients with and 2411 patients without intraoperative heart failure, respectively, were investigated. SV(O2) was routinely measured on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The mean (SD) follow-up was 10.2 (1.5) yr. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults. The best cut-off for 30 day mortality related to heart failure based on ...

We analyzed heart wall motion and blood flow dynamics in chicken embryos using in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) embryo-specific modeling. We focused on the heart outflow tract (OFT) region of day 3 embryos, and compared normal (control) conditions to conditions after performing an OFT banding intervention, which alters hemodynamics in the embryonic heart and vasculature. We found that hemodynamics and cardiac wall motion in the OFT are affected by banding in ways that might not be intuitive a priori. In addition to the expected increase in ventricular blood pressure, and increase blood flow velocity and, thus, wall shear stress (WSS) at the band site, the characteristic peristaltic-like motion of the OFT was altered, further affecting flow and WSS. Myocardial contractility, however, was affected only close to the band site due to the physical restriction on wall motion imposed by the band. WSS were heterogeneously distributed in both normal and

blood pressure is typically reduced for ∼2 h after a single bout of dynamic exercise in sedentary and endurance-trained humans (20, 31, 34). In general, this postexercise hypotension is characterized by a sustained increase in systemic vascular conductance that is not completely offset by ongoing elevations in cardiac output (20). Both sedentary and endurance-trained women and sedentary men follow this typical pattern of hemodynamics, but endurance-trained men exhibit postexercise hypotension with a different hemodynamic pattern characterized by reductions in cardiac output (44).. Several mechanisms appear to underlie the sustained peripheral vasodilation following exercise. Halliwill et al. (23) demonstrated the baroreflex is reset to defend a lower pressure following exercise; thus, sympathetic vasoconstrictor outflow is reduced postexercise in humans (23). In addition to this reduction in sympathetic nerve activity, there is reduced vascular responsiveness to a given level of sympathetic ...

A hemodynamic control apparatus and method for regulating blood flow within the cardiovascular system in a closed-loop control system using ultrasound measurement techniques to determine a hemodynamic sttus of the patient and to derive a control parameter for modulating the hemodynamics of the system using electrical or pharmaceutical therapy. This apparatus and method provides for the monitoring of cardiac myofibril motion to assess heart contractility and hemodynamic performance, and to control an implantable cardiac assist or therapy device. In this manner, the invention maintains the patients hemodynamic status without invading the left heart or the arterial system of the patient.

This prospective, non-randomized, controlled experimental study looks at the effects of NΩ-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA) on haemodynamics, oxygen transport and regional blood flow in healthy and septic sheep, and compares these effects with those of noradrenaline (NA; norepinephrine). All sheep were chronically instrumented. Six sheep received l-NMMA (7 mg·kg-1·h-1), six sheep received NA, and seven sheep received the carrier alone (0.9% NaCl). The NA dosage was continuously and individually adjusted to achieve the same increase in blood pressure as observed in matched sheep of the l-NMMA group (non-septic phase). Treatment was discontinued after 3 h. Sepsis was initiated and maintained by a continuous infusion of live Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After 24 h of sepsis, the sheep were again challenged over a treatment period of 3 h with their previously assigned drug (septic phase). During the non-septic phase of the experiment, NA and l-NMMA both caused an increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) ...

To evaluate whether etanercept, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-blocking agent, may counteract hemodynamic deterioration in endotoxemic shock, we designed a prospective, randomized placebo-controlled trial with parallel groups, consisting of 13 pigs aged 10-14 weeks receiving general anesthesia. Five pigs were given 25 mg of etanercept, 1 h before the start of a 4-h continuous infusion of endotoxin. Another 5 pigs were given the corresponding volume of saline, 1 h before the start of a 4-h continuous infusion of endotoxin. Three pigs were given 25 mg of etanercept, 1 hr before the start of a 4-h continuous infusion of saline. At 1 h of endotoxemia, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (MPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) increased identically in both groups of pigs receiving endotoxin. Thereafter, two distinct different patterns in hemodynamics were observed. TNF-blocked pigs showed significantly lower MPAP and PVRI compared to controls. In the etanercept-treated endotoxemic pigs, ...

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The effects of widespread destruction of central catecholaminergic structures on systemic hemodynamics, ventricular performance, myocardial hypertrophy and the renin-angiotensin system in developing male spontaneously hypertensive rats of the Okamoto strain (SHR) and control normotensive Kyoto Wistar (WKY) rats were examined and contrasted with the effects of peripheral sympathectomy. Both centrally administered 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and nerve growth factor antiserum (NGFAS) prevented the development of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rats but did not affect blood pressure in the control rats. Peripheral vascular resistance remained elevated and cardiac and stroke indexes depressed in both 6-OHDA- and NGFAS-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats despite preservation of normal blood pressure. Ventricular performance was depressed in the sham-treated spontaneously hypertensive rats and was not improved by either treatment. Neither 6-OHDA nor NGFAS treatment prevented the ...

Introduction: Invasive diagnostic procedures such as coronary angiography, in most cases, are accompanied by stress and anxiety for patients,which may effect on hemodynamic signs. Materials and Methods:This research, as a quasi experimental study, has the objective to determine the influence of applying methods of relaxation on hemodynamic signs in hospitalized 40 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The Effect of Compression Duration on Hemodynamics during Mechanical High‐impulse CPR. AU - Swart, Gary L.. AU - Mateer, James R.. AU - DeBehnke, Daniel J.. AU - Jameson, Stephen J.. AU - Osborn, Jeffrey L.. PY - 1994/9. Y1 - 1994/9. N2 - Objective: To determine whether shorter compression durations combined with fixed increased compression velocity during mechanical high‐impulse CPR (HI‐CPR) improve resuscitation hemodynamics, compared with mechanical standard CPR (SCPR). Methods: A porcine model of ventricular fibrillation was used, with each animal serving as its own control. Twelve anesthetized swine (20-25 kg each) were instrumented for hemodynamic monitoring. Ventricular fibrillation was induced and followed, after 3 minutes, by mechanical SCPR (50% duty cycle) for 10 minutes. Mechanical HI‐CPR was then applied, with compression durations varied randomly at 2‐minute intervals for 20% (COM20), 30% (COM30), and 40% (COM40) of the CPR cycle. A 2‐minute mechanical ...

The leamer should be able to improve technical perfonmance of echocardiograms in congenital heart disease. They should be able to further their understanding of complex physiology and the appropriate questions to answer with the study. In addition, emphasis is placed on medical andlor surgical management as well as further studies (cardiac catheterization, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan) that may be needed. Information to be obtained on followup echocardiograms will also be reviewed.. These sessions are designed to improve the technical performance and interpretation of echocardiograms in complex congenital and acquired heart disease. Case studies are presented, followed by discussion of new noninvasive methods of evaluation and medical and/or surgical management options. All attendees are invited to participate in the discussion. ...

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), which is defined as an elevation in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, is a severe hemodynamic abnormality common to a variety of diseases and syndromes. Elevation in pulmonary arterial pressure causes an increase in right ventricular afterload, impairing right ventricular function and ultimately leading to inactivity and death. The goal of PAH treatment is to lengthen survival time, to ameliorate symptoms of PAH, and to improve health related quality of life (HRQOL).. Remodulin® (treprostinil sodium), a stable analogue of prostacyclin, possesses potent pulmonary and systemic vasodilatory and platelet anti-aggregatory actions in vitro and in vivo. Recently, Remodulin received FDA approval for intravenous therapy based upon bioequivalence of the intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) routes of administration. Remodulin is more chemically stable than epoprostenol and may offer potential safety and convenience advantages compared ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Progressive myocardial dysfunction associated with increased vascular resistance.. AU - Franciosa, J. A.. AU - Heckel, R.. AU - Limas, C.. AU - Cohn, J. N.. PY - 1980/10. Y1 - 1980/10. N2 - To study heart failure from a myocardial lesion, we injected glass beads into the circumflex coronary artery of 11 conscious dogs and followed hemodynamics for 10 mo. Heart rate remained unchanged. Control mean arterial pressure of 112.3 +/- 3.0 (SE) mmHg was unchanged at 1 and 3 mo, but rose to 127.2 +/- 8.5 to 84.0 +/- 7.6 ml . kg-1 . min-1 at 10 mo (P , 0.02), but was unchanged at 1 and 3 mo. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) averaged 4.6 +/- 0.8 mmHg at control and rose to 11.8 +/- 1.4 mmHg at 1 mo and 14.9 +/- 2.5 mmHg at 10 mo (both P , 0.01). Systemic vascular resistance rose significantly by 10 mo. The ratio of stroke work to LVEDP fell from 13.1 +/- 0.1 at control to 3.8 +/- 0.5 by 10 mo (P , 0.01). In this dog model, left ventricular dysfunction is manifest early by ...

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NEW YORK, June 22 (Praxis Press) Exercise training in patients with chronic heart failure improves work capacity, but effects on central hemodynamic function are not well established. Hambrecht and colleagues assigned 73 men younger than 70 with chronic heart failure to an exercise program or to a physically inactive control group (see paper). For the first 2 weeks of the program, participants exercised on a bicycle ergometer for 10 minutes four to six times a day under hospital supervision. For

The shortage of suitable donor hearts for cardiac transplantation is exacerbated by the exclusion of those that exhibit contractile malfunction during the period after brain death but before excision. We have replicated the phenomenon of brain death-induced hemodynamic deterioration in the rat in vivo. After 60 minutes of brain death (defined as the absence of electrical activity in the brain), a variety of indicators of cardiac contractile function fell by approximately 50% (thus cardiac index fell from 21 +/- 2 to 11 +/- 1 ml/min per 100 g body weight). However, once excised and perfused ex vivo, the hearts recovered a level of cardiac function that was identical to that from control animals that had not been subjected to brain death. Similarly, when hearts were excised, stored (6 hours at 4 degrees C), and reperfused ex vivo with blood, they also recovered a functional capability identical to that of normal hearts from animals that had not been subjected to brain death. Our results question ...

Since the E/e ratio was first described in 1997 as a noninvasive surrogate marker of mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, it has gained a central role in diagnostic recommendations and a supremacy in clinical use that require critical reappraisal. We review technical factors, physiological influences, and pathophysiological processes that can complicate the interpretation of E/e. The index has been validated in certain circumstances, but its use cannot be extrapolated to other situations-such as critically ill patients or children-in which it has either been shown not to work or it has not been well validated. Meta-analyses demonstrated that E/e is not useful for the diagnosis of HFpEF and that changes in E/e are uninformative during diastolic stress echocardiography. A similar ratio has been applied to estimate right heart filling pressure despite insufficient evidence. As a composite index, changes in E/e should only be interpreted with knowledge of changes in its components. ...

The effects of atriopeptin III (API 11) on systemic haemodynamics were examined in 12 anaesthetized rats. Five minutes following intravenous injection (i.v.) of 10 n-g/kg APIII, cardiac output CO, measured by electromagnetic flowmetry, stroke volume and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased by 14,

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This prospective study compared geometric and hemodynamic parameters in unruptured sidewall intracranial aneurysms for different FD treatment responses at 2 follow-up time points. Other studies have reported on the parameters for differentiation of the aneurysm response,15,16 but we highlighted the relationship between in vivo aneurysm hemodynamics and the treatment responses, and tried to give a hemodynamic explanation for the delayed occlusion. Our results showed geometric and hemodynamic differences between the occlusion and remnant groups at 6 and 12 months. In addition, 4D flow MR imaging before treatment with a FD gave important insights into the ostium hemodynamics that were helpful in predicting the treatment responses. Among all the geometric parameters, a large ostium maximum diameter (,4.9 mm) was constantly and significantly associated with delayed occlusion, similar to a previous report.9. However, ostium hemodynamics provided new perspectives to investigate the influence of the FD. ...

This prospective study compared geometric and hemodynamic parameters in unruptured sidewall intracranial aneurysms for different FD treatment responses at 2 follow-up time points. Other studies have reported on the parameters for differentiation of the aneurysm response,15,16 but we highlighted the relationship between in vivo aneurysm hemodynamics and the treatment responses, and tried to give a hemodynamic explanation for the delayed occlusion. Our results showed geometric and hemodynamic differences between the occlusion and remnant groups at 6 and 12 months. In addition, 4D flow MR imaging before treatment with a FD gave important insights into the ostium hemodynamics that were helpful in predicting the treatment responses. Among all the geometric parameters, a large ostium maximum diameter (,4.9 mm) was constantly and significantly associated with delayed occlusion, similar to a previous report.9. However, ostium hemodynamics provided new perspectives to investigate the influence of the FD. ...

Standard procedures carried out at a stroke department in patients after a cerebral event may prove insufficient for monitoring hemodynamic indices. Impedance cardiography enables hemodynamic changes to be monitored non-invasively. The aim of the wor

Left atrial pressure is an important hemodynamic determinant of the symptomatology in patients with congestive heart failure. In patients with s..

Baseline and surgery characteristics were not different between groups. The mean age of patients was 66 years (SD 8) vs. 68(6), respectively. Mean duration of CPB was 105 minutes (SD 24) vs. 108(28). Weighted PaO2 during CPB was 220 mmHg, IQR (211-233) vs. 157 (151-162, P, 0.0001), respectively. In the ICU, weighted PaO2 was 107 (86-141) vs. 90 (84-98, P = 0.03). Median maximum values of CK-MB were 25.8µg/L, IQR (20.3-32.6) vs. 24.9 (18.0-31.2, P = 0.5) and of Troponin-T 0.35 µg/L, IQR (0.30-0.46) vs. 0.42(0.26-0.49, P = 0.9). Areas under the curve (AUC) of CK-MB (Figure 1) were median 23.5 µg/L/h, IQR (18.4-28.1) vs. 21.5(15.8-26.6, P = .35) and 0.30µg/L/h (0.25-0.44) vs. 0.39 (0.24-0.43, P = .81) for Troponin-T. Cardiac Index, Systemic Vascular Resistance Index, and serum lactate levels (Lactatemax median 2 mmol/L IQR(1.4-2.6) vs. 2.2(1.7-2.6, P = .52)) were similar between groups throughout the ICU period. ...

Shock is one of the leading causes of ICU admission, and is associated with a high risk of death, whatever its cause. Ad- renergic agents are the most commonly used vasopressor agents. Although the alpha-adrenergic properties of these agents raise blood pressure, they can also variably stimulate the beta-adrenergic and dopaminergic receptors. Accordingly, these agents have different haemodynamic profiles as well as different metabolic profiles. Minimal beta-adrenergic stimulation may be beneficial in preventing the decrease in cardiac output related to the increase in left ventricular afterload associated with the correction of hypotension. However, excessive beta-adrenergic stimulation (which can occur as the doses of these agents are adjusted for the vasopressor effect can have profound metabolic effects and promote arrhythmias. Whether these differences in haemodynamic and metabolic profiles impact out- come has long been undefined. Two randomized trials comparing dopamine and norepinephrine ...

Over the years, the hemodynamic monitoring systems market has witnessed various technological advancements in order to better serve the critically ill patients. These advancements have led to the development of minimally invasive and noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring systems with an aim to reduce pain, increase comfort, and most importantly reduce infectious diseases, primarily sepsis. In 2014, the disposables segment accounted for the largest share of the global hemodynamic monitoring systems market, by product; the invasive hemodynamic monitoring systems segment accounted for the largest share of the hemodynamic monitoring systems market, by type; while the hospitals segment accounted for a major share of the hemodynamic monitoring system market, by end user. In 2014, North America accounted for the largest share of the global hemodynamic monitoring systems market, followed by Europe, Asia, and the Rest of the World (RoW). In the coming years, the hemodynamic monitoring systems market is ...

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Hemodynamic instability during the first 24-hours of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission is associated with increased risk of subsequent morbidity and mortality. Goal-directed hemodynamic support has been successfully used in a variety of patients to improve outcome. In contrast, a similar therapeutic approach applied later, or in patients with established multi-organ failure, has no beneficial effect and may even worsen the outcome.. It is conceivable that there is a window of opportunity during the phases of hemodynamic instability where therapeutic interventions have the greatest potential to influence the subsequent course of critical illness. Large scale uses of therapeutic protocols for early intervention have been hampered by logistic problems. The burden of installing invasive hemodynamic monitoring and protocols is labor intensive and requires a continuous presence of personnel with a thorough understanding of complex physiology. Various techniques have been introduced for monitoring ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of ECMO assistance during mechanical ventilation: effects induced on energetic and haemodynamic variables. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

The 18th SPR Hands-on Cardiac MR Basic Course is a three-day intensive course. Goals are to review the necessary basic knowledge of heart disease in children and to illustrate the practical use of MR for morphologic, functional, and hemodynamic evaluation. The course will consist of didactic lectures, free-form discussion sessions, interactive MR scanning, and hands-on post processing sessions. At the completion of the course, the attendees should feel confident in initiating a cardiovascular MR program at their respective institutions to support the increasing demand for cardiovascular MR imaging in recent years. In addition, through this symposium, the organizers hope to create a support network for radiologists and cardiologists relating to issues that arise in the clinical practice of cardiovascular imaging.. This year the 20th SPR Annual Advanced Course on Pediatric Cardiovascular Imaging will be held following the 18th SPR Pediatric Cardiovascular MR Hands-On Symposium. Learn more. ...

Randomized controlled trial of 433 patients at 26 sites randomized to receive therapy guided by clinical assessment and a PAC or clinical assessment alone. The target in both groups was resolution of clinical congestion, with additional PAC targets of a pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15 mm Hg and a right atrial pressure of 8 mm Hg. Medications were not specified, but inotrope use was explicitly discouraged. Results: PAC did not significantly affect the primary end point of days alive and out of the hospital during the first 6 months (p = 0.99), mortality (p = 0.35), or number of days hospitalized (p = 0.67). In-hospital adverse events were more common among patients in the PAC group (21.9% vs. 11.5%, p = 0.04), although there were no deaths related to PAC use.. ...

The Cerebral Circulation on your PC Cerebral hemodynamic effects of vascular pathology can be studied in detail on this virtual reality model. The model also offers realistic rendering of transcranial Doppler signals as well as CBF and other hemodynamic recordings. ...

During recent years, cardiovascular magnetic imaging has emerged as the gold standard for evaluating functional and hemodynamic impairment of the RV.In patients

Pacing optimization using information from an electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography (Echo) has been conducted in efforts to improve pacing therapy but is known to be very time consuming and costly. Schaumann et al. showed that an improved method of optimizing AV and VV delays with the Electrical Cardiometry (EC) Monitors. Schaumann determined that by recording stroke volume and cardiac output at fixed atrial rates, for three different AV timing and 5 different VV delays in left-to-right ventricular pacing, optimization could be conducted more effectively. [1] The setup of the EC Monitors and real-time hemodynamic measurements during pacemaker optimization of both the AV timing and interventricular pacing delay proved to be a superior pacing optimization method compared to using ECG and Echo.. ...

2018) Assessment of agreement between invasive blood pressure measured centrally and peripherally and the influence of different haemodynamic states in anaesthetised horses. Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia, 45 (4). In Press. Mosing, M., Waldmann, A.D., Raisis, A., Böhm, S.H., Drynan, E. and Wilson, K. ...