Publication date: Available online 12 December 2019Source: BiologicalsAuthor(s): Hebleen Brenes, Gilbert D. Loría, Bruno LomonteAbstractSecreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) molecules are small, calcium-dependent enzymes involved in many biological processes. Viperid venoms possess gIIA sPLA2s and sPLA2-like proteins, both having homology to human gIIA sPLA2, an innate immunity enzyme. We evalu...

Oestvang, J., Anthonsen, M. W. & Johansen, B. 2011. LysoPC and PAF trigger arachidonic acid release by divergent signaling mechanisms in monocytes. J Lipids, 2011, 532145. (Read article). Oestvang, J. & Johansen, B. 2006. PhospholipaseA2: a key regulator of inflammatory signalling and a connector to fibrosis development in atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1761, 1309-16. (Read article). Johansen, B., Hofker, M. & De Winther, M. 2006. Secretory group IIA phospholipase A2 regulates collagen accumulation and fibrotic cap development in atherosclerosis. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat, 79, 159.. Ghesquiere, S. A., Gijbels, M. J., Anthonsen, M., Van Gorp, P. J., Van Der Made, I., Johansen, B., Hofker, M. H. & De Winther, M. P. 2005. Macrophage-specific overexpression of group IIa sPLA2 increases atherosclerosis and enhances collagen deposition. J Lipid Res, 46, 201-10. (Read article). Oestvang, J., Bonnefont-Rousselot, D., Ninio, E., Hakala, J. K., Johansen, B. & Anthonsen, M. W. 2004. ...

Lien vers Pubmed [PMID] - 25904549. J. Immunol. 2015 Jun;194(11):5312-9. Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of bacterial infections in respiratory diseases. It secretes molecules to dampen host immunity, and the recently identified adenosine is one of these molecules. The type IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) is a host protein endowed with antibacterial properties, especially against Gram-positive bacteria such as S. aureus. However, the role of adenosine in sPLA2-IIA-mediated S. aureus killing by host is still unknown. The present studies showed that the S. aureus mutant lacking adenosine production (∆adsA strain) increased sPLA2-IIA expression in guinea pig airways and was cleared more efficiently, compared with the wild-type strain. S. aureus ∆adsA strain induced sPLA2-IIA expression by alveolar macrophages after phagocytic process via NOD2-NF-κB-dependent mechanism. However, S. aureus adenosine (wild-type and adsA-complemented strains) and exogenous adenosine ...

The human group IIA secreted PLA2 is a 14 kDa calcium-dependent extracellular enzyme that has been characterized as an acute phase protein with important antimicrobial activity and has been implicated in signal transduction. The selective binding of this enzyme to the phospholipid substrate interface plays a crucial role in its physiological function. To study interfacial binding in the absence of catalysis, one strategy is to produce structurally intact but catalytically inactive mutants. The active site mutants H48Q, H48N, and H48A had been prepared for the secreted PLA2s from bovine pancreas and bee venom and retained minimal catalytic activity while the H48Q mutant showed the maximum structural integrity. Preparation of the mutant H48Q of the human group IIA enzyme unexpectedly produced an enzyme that retained significant (2-4%) catalytic activity that was contrary to expectations in view of the accepted catalytic mechanism. In this paper it is established that the high residual activity of ...

Background: The group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 gene, Pla2g2a, confers resistance to intestinal tumorigenesis in the ApcMin/+ mouse model. However, it is unclear how Pla2g2a exerts its tumor-suppressive effects and whether its mode of action dep

Previous studies have suggested that sPLA2 may contribute to the development of atherosclerotic lesions,9 10 14 and we have examined this hypothesis directly using transgenic mice expressing human sPLA2. Consistent with previous studies,9 10 we observed abundant immunohistochemically localized sPLA2 in atherosclerotic lesions. The transgenic mice exhibited significantly increased lesions on a high-fat atherogenic diet as well as on a low-fat chow diet. The increase in lesion development appeared to result, in part, from decreased HDL and elevated LDL/VLDL levels. The levels of paraoxonase, an enzyme associated with HDL that protects against LDL oxidation and atherogenesis, were also substantially reduced in the sPLA2 transgenic mice compared with nontransgenic littermates. These points are discussed below.. The sPLA2 transgenic line used in these studies has previously been characterized with respect to sPLA2 expression in plasma and various tissue(s). The transgenic mice displayed severe ...

Sugita M., Kuwata H., Kudo I., Hara S.. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine/threonine kinases involved in various signal transduction pathways. We investigated the roles of PKC in the regulation of group IIA secreted phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)-IIA) expression in cytokine-stimulated rat fibroblastic 3Y1 cells. Here we show that the induction of sPLA(2)-IIA by proinflammatory cytokines was under the control of both classical cPKCalpha and atypical aPKClambda/iota pathways by using PKC inhibitors, a PKC activator, and PKC knockdowns. Treatment of 3Y1 cells with PKC selective inhibitors having broad specificity, such as chelerythrine chloride and GF109203X, blocked IL-1beta/TNFalpha-dependent induction of sPLA(2)-IIA protein in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with the PKC activator phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), which activates cPKC and novel nPKC isoforms, markedly attenuated the cytokine-dependent induction of sPLA(2)-IIA expression. In comparison, 24-h pretreatment with PMA, ...

Background: Although group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) is well appraised for its involvement in atherosclerosis by modifying LDL, its role in managing CVD risk in a primary prevention setting with low LDL-C is unknown. Furthermore, the utility of sPLA2-IIA mass for assessing future CVD risk relative to statin therapy in a population free of CVD is unknown.. Methods: We analyzed data from JUPITER (NCT00239681) in which participants with LDL cholesterol ,130 mg/dL and hsCRP≥2 mg/L were randomized to rosuvastatin 20mg/day vs placebo. sPLA2-IIA was quantified by sandwich-type ELISA (Cayman) in 11269 participants before and 1 year after randomization. Cox regression was used to examine the association of sPLA2-IIA with CVD. The impact of lifelong reduction in sPLA2-IIA on CVD risk was assessed by Mendelian randomization analysis in 6692 participants.. Results: 313 first CVD events occurred during maximum follow-up of 5.0 (median, 1.9) years. Baseline sPLA2-IIA levels (median, ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Differential roles of ionic, aliphatic, and aromatic residues in membrane - Protein interactions. T2 - A surface plasmon resonance study on phospholipases A2. AU - Stahelin, R. V.. AU - Cho, W.. PY - 2001/4/17. Y1 - 2001/4/17. N2 - The roles of cationic, aliphatic, and aromatic residues in the membrane association and dissociation of five phospholipases A2 (PLA2), including Asp-49 PLA2 from the venom of Agkistodon piscivorus piscivorus, acidic PLA2 from the venom of Naja naja atra, human group IIa and V PLA2s, and the C2 domain of cytosolic PLA2, were determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis. Cationic interfacial binding residues of A. p. piscivorus PLA2 (Lys-10) and human group IIa PLA2 (Arg-7, Lys-10, and Lys-16), which mediate electrostatic interactions with anionic membranes, primarily accelerate the membrane association. In contrast, an aliphatic side chain of the C2 domain of cytosolic PLA2 (Val-97), which penetrates into the hydrophobic core of the membrane and ...

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to examine the time course of the inflammatory response in acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and to assess the markers of inflammation and their relation to disease severity. METHODS: We prospectively studied 134 patients with ACS who survived for at least 30 months. The patients were divided into four groups: acute myocardial infarction (MI) with (n=54) or without (n=46) ST-segment elevation and unstable angina with (n=14) or without (n=20) increased risk. Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), secretory phospholipase A2 group IIA (sPLA2-IIA), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured on days 1 and 4 and after 3 and 30 months. RESULTS: The highest levels of CRP and sPLA2-IIA were seen on day 4 but for IL-6 on day 1. These three markers, but not ICAM-1, were significantly related to disease severity, CKMB, and ejection fraction. Patients in Killip class II-IV had higher levels than those in Killip class I. ...

Shop Group 10 secretory phospholipase ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Group 10 secretory phospholipase Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.

Results Exposure of VSMC to sPLA2 IIA or X did not increase mitogenesis, whereas exposure to grV markedly increased it in a dose/time fashion. Likewise, VSMC exposed to HDL or LDL hydrolysed by sPLA2 V (and less by X) became mitogenic. Interaction of sPLA2 with lipoproteins showed that hydrolysis of HDL and LDL by sPLA2s and the impact on mitogenesis were invariably enhanced in order V,X,IIA. Release of PGE2 was enhanced by sPLA2 X and LTB4 by gr X and V. Investigation of the products of lipoproteins hydrolysis showed that there is formation of core aldehydes, isoprostanes, hydroxides and hydroperoxides of PtdCho. sPLA2 grV hydrolysed hydroxides and hydroxyperoxides of linoleolyl GroPCho in preference to arachidonoyl GroPCho while groups IIA and X did the opposite.. ...

Search for Material Contains A Group Ia (li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr) Or Group Iia Metal Atom (be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra) Patents and Patent Applications (Class 528/358) Filed with the USPTO

promotes stimulus-induced arachidonic acid release and prostaglandin (PG) production similar to those elicited by HSPG-dependent sPLA(2)s, suggesting that this enzyme plays a role in the inflammatory process ...

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Due to their limited shelf life, the ImmunoTag™ ELISA kits are not typically stocked as finished goods. Please allow 2-3 weeks for delivery. Upon receipt of an order each kit is assembled and tested to ensure that it meets specifications before shipping. Minor changes may occur to the Range, Sensitivity, and Precision and is reflected in the manual supplied with the kit (online manuals are for reference only). In the event of a significant change the order would be confirmed with the customer before shipping ...

Енциклопедични статии и подбрани текстове за народа, историята, земята, етнографията, фолклора и кухнята на българите. Животоописания на съвременици.

높은 적중율을 자랑하는 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3 적중율 높은 덤프 덤프공부문제, 혹시나 답장이 늦더라도 주문하시면 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3덤프는 시스템 자동으로 바로 발송되기에 안심하시고 결제하셔도 됩니다.저희 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3덤프는 가장 최신버전이기에 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3시험적중율이 높습니다, {{sitename}}의IIA인증 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3덤프는 IIA인증 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3시험패스 특효약입니다, 오르지 못할 산도 정복할수 있는게 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3덤프의 우점입니다.IIA-QIAL-Unit-3덤프로 시험을 패스하여 자격증을 취득하시면 굳게 닫혔던 취업문도 자신있게 두드릴수 있습니다, IIA인증 IIA-QIAL-Unit-3덤프만 공부하시면 아무런 우려없이 시험 보셔도 됩니다, {{sitename}}에는 전문적인 업계인사들이IIA IIA-QIAL-Unit-3시험문제와 답에 대하여 연구하여, 시험준비중인 여러분들한테 유용하고 필요한 시험가이드를

Categoría:Personas LGBT de Brasil (es); Categoria:Personalidades LGBT do Brasil (pt); Category:LGBT people from Brazil (en-gb); رده:دگرباشان جنسی اهل برزیل (fa); Categorie:Persoane LGBT din Brazilia (ro); Category:ブラジル出身のLGBTの人物 (ja); Categoria:Personalidades LGBT do Brasil (pt-br); Category:LGBT fowk frae Brazil (sco); Kategória:Brazílske LGBT osobnosti (sk); Category:LGBT people from Brazil (en-ca); קטגוריה:להטבים ברזילאים (he); Kategorija:LGBT osobe iz Brazila (sh); Kategorie:LGBT Brazilci (cs); Kategori:Brezilyada LGBT kişiler (tr); زمرو:برازيل جون ايل جي بي ٽي شخصيتون (sd); 분류:브라질의 성소수자 인물 (ko); Category:LGBT people from Brazil (en); تصنيف:أشخاص مثليون من البرازيل (ar); Κατηγορία:ΛΟΑΤ πρόσωπα από τη Βραζιλία (el); زمرہ:برازیل کی ایل جی بی ٹی شخصیات (ur) विकिमिडिया ...

Looking for online definition of 180 kDa secretory phospholipase A2 receptor in the Medical Dictionary? 180 kDa secretory phospholipase A2 receptor explanation free. What is 180 kDa secretory phospholipase A2 receptor? Meaning of 180 kDa secretory phospholipase A2 receptor medical term. What does 180 kDa secretory phospholipase A2 receptor mean?

References for Abcams Recombinant Human Activin Receptor Type IIA protein (ab114449). Please let us know if you have used this product in your publication

A 31-year-old, 50-kg, G2P1 apprehensive woman with a history of abdominal ache from appendicitis from the previous 4 days along with 101°F off and on fever was admitted in the hospital. She was planned to be operated for appendectomy. Her past medical and family history was not significant. Past surgical and anesthetic history included diagnostic hysteroscopy under conscious or moderate sedation (with propofol, midazolam, and fentanyl citrate), which was uneventful except the significant intraoperative nausea during diagnostic hysteroscopy which was treated with ondansetron and metoclopramide. She did not had any drug allergy in the past. She was premedicated with midazolam 1 mg intravenously. On physical examination, vital signs were BP = 104/60 mmHg, PR = 108/min, RR = 22/min, SpO2 = 94% on room air. Her airway, cardiac, and chest examinations were normal. Laboratory studies including a complete blood count, electrolytes, glucose, and serum creatinine were also all within normal limits except ...

It was concluded that nonpancreatic group II PLA2 is synthesized and stored by Paneth cells, whereas other cell types of the gastrointestinal tract seem incapable of synthesis of this enzyme. The positive immunoreaction in vascular structures may reflect the entry of circulating PLA2-II into vessel …

Advances in Vascular Medicine is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of vascular medicine.

Advances in Vascular Medicine is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of vascular medicine.

The Membrane Attack Complex permits inner membrane degradation by human Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 to enhance killing of Gram-negative bacteria ...

SAA removes toxic products of lipolysis of the cell membrane by sPLA2, indicating that SAA and sPLA2 act synergistically to clear debris from injured sites, as required for tissue healing.

Innate Immune System and alprazloam Eye 441 ппLipid layer Aqueous prezzo alprazolam gocce Mucin layer Epithelium Secretory phospholipase A2 Secretory phospholipase A2 exhibits potent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. 3mg 1mg 3mg (N42) agulation (N 44) (N 44) (N 42) alpraolam Prezzo alprazolam gocce Prrezzo 13 (30) 17 (40) 20 (48) No 33 (75) 31 (70) 25 (60) 22 (52) пComparisons 0.

I recently had an endometrial ablation and dnc - the result was postedin my online account today and said Tiny fragments of weakly secretory type endomitrial epitheliun. Huh??? ANyone else every h...

Complete information for PLA2G2D gene (Protein Coding), Phospholipase A2 Group IID, including: function, proteins, disorders, pathways, orthologs, and expression. GeneCards - The Human Gene Compendium

TY - JOUR. T1 - Pertussis toxin-sensitive secretory phospholipase A2 expression and motility in activated primary human keratinocytes. AU - Rys-Sikora, Krystyna E.. AU - Pentland, Alice P.. AU - Konger, Raymond L.. N1 - Funding Information: The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr Catie Tripp of Pharmacia for providing the COX inhibitors and Dr Luc Miller Waterlet, University of Rochester, Department of Biostatistics for assistance with statistical analysis. This work was supported by NIH grant RO1AR40574 and R01AR46828. K.E. Rys-Sikora was supported by the PHS Individual NRSA ARO85020 grant. R.L. Konger was supported by a James P. Wilmot Research Fellowship and a Dermatology Foundation Frances Pascher Research Grant.. PY - 2003. Y1 - 2003. N2 - Secretory phospholipase A2 and cycloxygenase-2 are coexpressed in activated primary keratinocytes. These proteins are known to be functionally linked, mediating proliferation of human keratinocytes during epidermal wound repair. Primary human keratinocytes ...

Explosion-Proof (Hazardous Location) 1/2 hp Explosion Proof Submersible Sewage Pumps 1/2 hp. 2 or 3 Discharge 2 Solids Handling . Libertys XLE50-series cast iron sewage pump is an explosion-proof pump for use in hazardous locations. It is Class 1, Division 1 Groups C & D and Class 1, Zone 1 and Group IIA and IIB certified.. Xfl50 · Xfl150Inquiry ...

This is to inform the media that SPLA forces captured Nasir town on Sunday at 10 am without resistance. As I said earlier, Nasir White Army welcomed the SPLA into the town after declaring their allegiance to Gov. Simon Kun Puoc. Riek Machar is now a refugee in Ethiopia at Burebiey village ...

018 foa O YisodokE* Se* t iia NikEa bumbEt Gere( DO Dokuye% t. DeiimO fca Ye, B, So - iia Soroeecioa oa kuciye& oa Si% t Ji& I Moia fdo* NekEkEjO, Heria YisodokE* Se* t iia GorbEa fca kuci ...

do you think this group -- group X -- sounds clannish or not? and can you guess who they are? [group X] were [their deitys] chosen people.... If they all did his will, they would be rewarded. If any member did not, they might all be punished.... [those from other groups] were disfigured for easy…

Tijekom tre eg ispitivanja mora prema Programu utvr ivanja kakvo e mora na morskim pla ama Dubrova ko-neretvanske upanije 2014. godine, rezultati analize mora na pla i u Kuparima uzorkovanog ...

Evropski steber socialnih pravic določa zaveze EU glede plač: pravico delavcev do pravičnih plač, ki zagotavljajo dostojen življenjski standard, zagotavljanje

Alleen US$4.99, koop de beste 1.75mm PLA/ABS Reinigingsblok van filamentreiniger Antistatische stofreiniger voor 3D-printer online winkel tegen groothandelsprijs.

We defined the somatic mutation landscape of WM, a rare mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder. In addition to confirming recurrent mutations in MYD88, CXCR4, ARID1A, and CD79B, we identified a novel recurrent somatic mutation (c.676C,G, p.Q226E) in the DNA-binding domain of SPI1, a transcription factor of the class III subgroup of the ETS family. Q226 is present in class III proteins and responsible for the binding of a G at position -2 of the ETS-core GGA(A/T) motif, whereas the E, in classes I and IIa proteins, binds to C at position -2 (17). The mutation modifies the DNA-binding specificity of the protein in promoting binding to DNA recognition sequences of other classes (I and IIa) of ETS proteins. As a result, the mutant SPI1 switches from a WT pattern of chromatin binding (sites preferentially located in enhancers and only 5%-15% in promoters) to a class I/IIa type profile, with binding sites more frequently located in promoters (40%-60%; refs. 26, 27). Our data also show a ...

leg lift and so on when the use of. slow speed. the continuous time is too long or action range is too large, target muscle (by static stretching) the first day of the leg abdomen training: leg training is conducive to the body muscles long leg sitting 4 x10-12 christmas pandora bracelets clearance Smith squat 4 group x10-12 leg curl 4 group x10-12 4 group sit ups x15-20 x15-20 group of inclined plate 4 sit ups swivel 4 group x15-20 sitting supine time (exercise abdominal oblique movement) hanging leg raise 4 group x15-20 third days training: supine chest shoulder barbell press 4 groups x10-12 Dumbbell presses 4 group x10-12 4 group x10-12 oblique dumbbell press time incline dumbbell fly 4 group x10-12 4 group x10-12 time sitting dumbbell time sitting dumbbell press 4 group x10-12 4 group x10-12 time standing dumbbell time standing dumbbell lateral group 4 x10-12 fifth days back to Rome training chair: 4 group x10-12 T type 4 x10-12 rod rowing group wide grip chin up 4 group x10-12 4 group ...

ing of BCL-6, but may be consistent with a proteinprotein interaction with NF-B complexes. This leads us to hypothesize a plausible mechanism for the inhibition in the transcriptional activity from the sPLA2 IIA gene activity. In VSMCs, AMPK activation by phenformin could phosphorylate the DNA binding domain of BCL-6 which could 1624602-30-7 hinder its binding towards the sPLA2 IIA promoter situated at -340 bp in the initiation internet site without the need of affecting its protein-protein interaction using the NF-B transcriptional aspect situated downstream at -131 bp. We postulate that, when phosphorylated, BCL-6 could stabilize a SMRT/NCoR repressor complex that blocks IL-1-induced NF-B activity then potentially diminishes sPLA2 IIA gene transcription. The truth is, our close examination on the BCL-6 sequence reveals a putative phosphorylation website by AMPK located amongst amino acids 11 and 16 inside the N-terminal domain of BCL-6 that are conserved in human, rat, mouse and chicken: ...

Detailed annotation info for ENST00000255573; Group IIF secretory phospholipase A2 precursor (EC 3.1.1.4) (Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase GIIF) (GIIF sPLA2) (sPLA(2)-IIF). [Source:Uniprot/SWISSPROT;Acc:Q9BZM2 ...

Gastrofibroscopy showed a type 0-IIa+IIc lesion with a maximum size of 20 mm in the posterior side of the lower third of the stomach.

Background: Group X secretory phospholipase A2 (GX sPLA2) potently releases arachidonic acid (AA) from the plasma membrane of intact cells. AA is a precursor of bioactive prostaglandins that are known to modulate insulin secretion by β-islet cells. C57BL/6 mice deficient in GX sPLA2 (GX KO) are protected from age-related defect in glucose tolerance. GX sPLA2 is expressed in mouse pancreatic islet cells. In this study we tested the hypothesis that GX sPLA2 regulates pancreatic insulin secretion.. Methods and results: Glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was measured in vivo in WT and GX KO mice and ex vivo using pancreatic islet cells isolated from WT and GX KO mice. To complement these studies, GSIS was also assessed in vitro using Min6 pancreatic beta cell lines with or without GX sPLA2 overexpression. GSIS was significantly increased in GX KO mice compared to WT mice, and in islet cells isolated from GX KO mice compared to WT mice. Consistent with this finding, Min6 cells ...

Ardeparin, marketed under the US trade name Normiflo, is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) anticoagulant used for the prevention of postoperative venous thrombosis. Ardeparin is derived via peroxide degradation of heparin extracted from porcine intestinal mucosa. Its molecular weight ranges from 2000 to 15,000 with an average molecular weight of 5500 to 6500. Normiflo was withdrawn from the US market in March 2000.

Although the last decade has seen progress in deciphering the pathways that activates innate and acquired immunity, the mechanisms that limit these responses to secure homeostasis have not yet been fully defined. Antiinflammatory or pro-resolving lipid mediators can explain some of the beneficial actions of ω-3 PUFA-rich fish oils in various diseases (Yokoyama et al., 2007). Although the understanding of PUFA-oxygenated products with pro-resolving activities has recently been expanding (Serhan, 2007; Serhan et al., 2008), an interest in exploring the role of PLA2s that can supply PUFA precursors upstream of their biosynthetic conversion to pro-resolving lipid mediators has emerged. Here, we have shown that PLA2G2D is an immunosuppressive sPLA2 that is abundantly expressed in CD11c+ cells in lymphoid organs and that its absence delays the resolution of CHS. Importantly, pro-resolving lipid mediators and their precursors were reduced in Pla2g2d−/− LNs, implying that PLA2G2D resolves ...

IRS 19 complex preparation of bacterial lysates. It increases the specific and non-specific immunity. When sprayed product formed a fine aerosol that covers the nasal mucosa, which leads to the rapid development of local immune response. The specific protection due to locally formed antibodies of immunoglobulin class of secretory type A (IgA), preventing the fixation and reproduction of pathogens to mucosal infection. Non-specific immune defenses is to increase the phagocytic activity of macroph

TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression of type V secretory phospholipase A2 in myocardial remodelling after infarction. AU - Ishikawa, Yukio. AU - Komiyama, K.. AU - Masuda, S.. AU - Murakami, M.. AU - Akasaka, Y.. AU - Ito, K.. AU - Akishima-Fukasawa, Y.. AU - Kimura, M.. AU - Fujimoto, A.. AU - Kudo, I.. AU - Ishii, T.. PY - 2005/9. Y1 - 2005/9. N2 - Aims: Secretory phospholipase A2 is associated with ischaemic injury in the human heart, but the distribution of type V secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-V) remains unknown. The significance of sPLA2-V in myocardial infarction was investigated histopathologically. Methods: Sequential changes in the localization of sPLA2-V and its mRNA in myocardial tissues obtained from 30 autopsied hearts were examined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization and compared with those of fibronectin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Results: No expression of sPLA2-V was ...

Myotoxic phospholipases A2 of class II are commonly found in the venoms of crotalid snakes. As an approach to understanding their structure±activity relationship, diverse natural variants have been characterized biochemically and pharmacologically. This study describes a new myotoxic phospholipase A2 homologue, isolated from the venom of Atropoides (Bothrops ) nummifer from Costa Rica. A. nummifer myotoxin II is a basic protein, with an apparent subunit molecular mass of 16 kDa, which migrates as a dimer in sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions. It is strongly recognized by antibodies generated against Bothrops asper myotoxin II, by enzyme-immunoassay. The toxin induces rapid myonecrosis upon intramuscular injection in mice (evidenced by an early increase in plasma creatine kinase activity), and signicant edema in the footpad assay. It also displays cytolytic activity upon cultured murine endothelial cells. The toxin (up to 50 ug) has no ...

A myotoxic, basic phospholipase A2 (pI greater than 9.5) with anticoagulant activity has been purified from the venom of Bothrops asper, and its amino acid sequence determined by automated Edman degradation. It is distinct from the B. asper phospholipase A2 known as myotoxin I [Lomonte, B. and Gutierrez, J. M., 1989, Toxicon 27, 725] but cross-reacts with myotoxin I rabbit antisera, suggesting that the proteins are closely related isoforms. To our knowledge, this is the first myotoxic phospholipase to be sequenced that lacks presynaptic neurotoxicity (iv LD50 approximately equal to 8 micrograms/g in mice). The protein appears to exist as a monomer, contains 122 amino acids, and fits with subgroup IIA of other sequenced phospholipase A2 molecules. Its primary sequence shows greatest identity with ammodytoxin B (67%), a phospholipase A2 presynaptic neurotoxin from Vipera ammodytes ammodytes venom. Hydropathy profiles of B. asper phospholipase and the ammodytoxins also show great similarities. In ...

Two myotoxins isolated from B. asper (myotoxin II) and B. nummifer (myotoxin I) snake venoms have been crystallized and their diffraction properties are described. These myotoxins are phospholipase A2 variants which lack enzymatic activity; B. asper myotoxin II is a lysine-49 phospholipase. Crystals were obtained at room temperature by standard hanging-drop vapour diffusion methods. Crystals diffracted to a resolution of 2.8 and 2.3 A, respectively ...

Looking for online definition of Phospholipases in the Medical Dictionary? Phospholipases explanation free. What is Phospholipases? Meaning of Phospholipases medical term. What does Phospholipases mean?

Martin J, Han C, Gordon LA, Terry A, Prabhakar S, She X, Xie G, Hellsten U, Chan YM, Altherr M, Couronne O, Aerts A, Bajorek E, Black S, Blumer H, Branscomb E, Brown NC, Bruno WJ, Buckingham JM, Callen DF, Campbell CS, Campbell ML, Campbell EW, Caoile C, Challacombe JF, Chasteen LA, Chertkov O, Chi HC, Christensen M, Clark LM, Cohn JD, Denys M, Detter JC, Dickson M, Dimitrijevic-Bussod M, Escobar J, Fawcett JJ, Flowers D, Fotopulos D, Glavina T, Gomez M, Gonzales E, Goodstein D, Goodwin LA, Grady DL, Grigoriev I, Groza M, Hammon N, Hawkins T, Haydu L, Hildebrand CE, Huang W, Israni S, Jett J, Jewett PB, Kadner K, Kimball H, Kobayashi A, Krawczyk MC, Leyba T, Longmire JL, Lopez F, Lou Y, Lowry S, Ludeman T, Manohar CF, Mark GA, McMurray KL, Meincke LJ, Morgan J, Moyzis RK, Mundt MO, Munk AC, Nandkeshwar RD, Pitluck S, Pollard M, Predki P, Parson-Quintana B, Ramirez L, Rash S, Retterer J, Ricke DO, Robinson DL, Rodriguez A, Salamov A, Saunders EH, Scott D, Shough T, Stallings RL, Stalvey M, ...

Synonyms for Ammodyte in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for Ammodyte. 1 synonym for Ammodytes: genus Ammodytes. What are synonyms for Ammodyte?

Bir Lehlu (Sahrawi Republic), August 10, 2021 (SPS) -The Saharawi Peoples Liberation Army (SPLA) continues its bombardment of entrenchments of the Moroccan occupation forces.