MEMORANDUM FOR THE SECRETARY OF STATE. SUBJECT: Delegation of Authority under Section 614 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State the authority under section 614 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (FAA) to determine whether it is important to the security interests of the United States to furnish up to $123,000,000 in funds made available pursuant to chapter 8 of part I of the FAA to provide assistance for. Ukraine, Tunisia, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, Nigeria, Albania, and Vietnam without regard to any provision of law within the scope of section 614(a)(1) of the FAA and to authorize the furnishing of such assistance.. You are authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.. BARACK OBAMA. ...

Published by EH.NET (August 2003). Gavin Peebles and Peter Wilson, Economic Growth and Development in Singapore: Past and Future. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar, 2002. xiii + 328 pp. $110 (hardcover), ISBN: 1-84064-741-8. Reviewed for EH.NET by Anne Booth, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. Modern Singapore is a remarkable phenomenon, which has attracted the attention of social scientists from several disciplines and a wide range of ideological viewpoints. The island city state located at the tip of the Malay peninsula is now home to some four million people, and has one of the highest per capita gross domestic products in the world. The impression the visitor receives is one of order, prosperity and modernity. Most of the population live in high-rise apartment blocks, and commute to their places of work on a public transport system which puts that of most western cities to shame. Car ownership is heavily taxed and those who do own cars tend to use them mainly for ...

Economic implications. We estimated the economic losses resulting from the arsenic-related mortality burden by calculating lost productivity in terms of per capita gross domestic product (GDP). According to estimates by the International Monetary Fund, the per capita GDP for Bangladesh in 2009 was 1465 purchasing power parity dollars. If we assume steady economic growth and an average loss of 10 years of productivity per arsenic-attributable death, over the next 20 years arsenic-related mortality in Bangladesh (1 of every 18 deaths) could lead to a loss of US$ 12.5 billion, provided arsenic exposure (, 10 μg/L) remains the same as in 2009. We made this estimate using Sohel et al.s HRs and a discount rate of 5%.20 Our assumption of an average loss of 10 years of productivity per arsenic-attributable death was based on lost productivity owing to deaths from types of cancer known to be arsenic-related and may be a conservative assumption because medical care capacity in Bangladesh is limited. The ...

7. The 2012 Human Development Index (HDI) is a way of measuring development by combining indicators of life expectancy, educational attainment and income into a composite human development index, and ranges from 0 to 1, with 1 representing the highest level of human development. Life expectancy is calculated utilizing a minimum value for life expectancy of 25 years and maximum value of 85. Educational attainment is derived from the adult literacy rate and the combined gross enrolment ratio for primary, secondary, and tertiary schooling, weighted to give adult literacy more significance in the statistic. Income is calculated using a logarithm of the per capita gross domestic product ranging from $100 (PPP) to $40,000 (PPP) to reflect diminishing importance of income with increasing GDP. Source: The United Nations Human Development Reports provide data and statistical analysis in various areas of human development. The Human Development Report (HDR) presents two types of statistics: the human ...

While Senate Republicans work to repeal the Affordable Care Act, the future of health insurance in our country remains unknown. But what we do know is that chronic diseases and conditions continue to be the leading cause of disability and death and claim 90 percent of the U.S. health care spending. And many of those diseases and conditions are linked to our food choices.. As per capita gross domestic product increases around the world, we are witnessing an increase in the per capita dietary demand for meat and empty calories (such as from refined sugars and refined animal fats). Along with this shift has come rising rates of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimers. Together they account for seven out of 10 deaths globally.. We know that many chronic diseases can be prevented, or at least effectively treated or reversed, with dietary and lifestyle changes-namely eating less meat and fewer processed foods. But instead of spending our health care dollars ...

To the Editors:. Janssens and Rieder 1 recently reported an inverse linear association between tuberculosis (TB) incidence and per capita gross domestic product, after analysing data from 171 World Health Organization (WHO) member states with paired data. We are in full agreement with the take home message that poverty alleviation must be an integral component of global TB control efforts. However, from an epidemiological perspective, additional factors may need to be considered to better understand the complex host-pathogen interplay at the population level.. Poverty facilitates the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily through 1) its influence on living conditions, such as people living in overcrowded and poorly ventilated homes, 2) prolonged diagnostic delay and 3) increased vulnerability due to malnutrition and/or HIV infection 2, 3. Although these ecological associations are widely recognised, it is frequently not supported by observations from individual studies. A ...

The proportion of the population with access to clean drinking water, the value of the human development index (HDI), and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) are all inverse predictors of HAV infection rates. Declining infection rates were observed in 65.6% of the surveys. Discussion This work d …

The Gross Domestic Product by Industry - Provincial/Territorial (Annual) data in the present section are maintained by Statistics Canadas Canadian System of National Economic Accounts. The data are expressed in basic prices and presented in chained 2007 dollars. The process of chaining removes the effect of changes in price while minimizing distortion over time. Gross domestic product by industry (GDP) measures the value of output of an industry less the value of intermediate inputs required in the production process. In this sense, it is an output-based measure of economic activity and is commonly referred to as the total value-added of an industry.. GDP growth is an important economic indicator. It measures progress or the rate of expansion of the economys capacity to produce output (goods and services). It is examined as a measure of the short term stability or instability of the economy. GDP growth is also reflective of the future consumption possibilities for a nation and is the main ...

Denmarks lockdown took a hit on the economy in the first quarter. Real GDP declined by 1.3% after growing by 0.8% in the fourth quarter. The lockdown especially affected household consumption, which fell by 4.9% in the first quarter. Government spending also pulled back by 2.2%. Danish exports skyrocketed by 6.1% with the continued recovery of global trade while imports rose far less, by 1.6%, because of lagging domestic demand. Nominal Gross Domestic Product for Denmark from Statistics Denmark for the Quarterly National Accounts release. This page provides forecast and historical data, charts, statistics, news and updates for Denmark Nominal Gross Domestic Product.

Nominal Gross Domestic Product for Netherlands from Statistics Netherlands for the GDP release. This page provides forecast and historical data, charts, statistics, news and updates for Netherlands Nominal Gross Domestic Product.

One major challenge for TCB as an area of foreign assistance is to coordinate assistance with the trade policy agenda, and to effectively integrate TCB assistance and trade into developing countries national development strategies. Changing trade policies, such as reducing trade barriers through a free trade agreement (FTA), may require new types of assistance to help developing countries benefit from trade. In this way, trade is not an end in itself but a tool for development. To fully utilize trade as a tool for development, it also needs to be considered in all aspects of development planning. Economic and social policies that have been considered separately from trade in the past may have an effect on a countrys competitiveness and ability to benefit from trade, therefore policymakers should have an appreciation for possible trade implications when they are making development plans. One possible challenge in integrating trade with development planning is that national development ...

This is a collective records group for the several agencies responsible for foreign assistance that existed before the establishment of the U.S. Agency for International Development in 1961 (see RG 286). Included are records of the following organizations: Economic Cooperation Administration (ECA). Established in April 1948 to administer the European Recovery Plan, also known

Be bold! Risk and reward in U.S. Foreign Assistance Tuesday, December 13 | 3:00 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. | Washington, DC You are invited to join special guests from government, the private sector, and the nonprofit sector to launch the new Oxfam America report

Article: Debt Deal Delusions: Debt to Gross Domestic Product Ratio - There are so many debt deal delusions, it is hard to figure out where to start. How about that firmly held belief about the debt-to-gross domestic product ration. Turns out it is a real loser, fiction, all the wrong stuff.

It helps if you know what to expect and herself - so it is very important to seek urgent assistance from your general practitioner mental health service or a hospital emergency department to ensure the I was a rebel until now. An Economic Depression Is Characterized By A Sharp Function Low Thyroid struggling with desperation and financial anorexia even though the solutions are right in front of me I dont really have regrets but maybe the depression and the alcoholism didnt need to interrupt my first marriage. Pfarrer kritisiert Evangelikale fr Umgang mit Israel.. Antidepressant Medications Anti-depressant Drugs Antidepressant Medications Anti-depressant Drugs Introduction. Low-Carb Vegan Diet Plan. History Channel on Secret Societies: Why Shakespeare wrote Lets kill all the Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Dementia a.. Method of Assessment for Postpartum Depression Specified. (Depression is classified as minor depression if you have fewer than five depression symptoms for at least 2 These ...

This graph shows the per capita Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the United States in 2016, by metropolitan area. Only the 100 leading metro areas are shown here. In 2016, Midland metropolitan area, in Texas, had a per capita Real GDP of about 175,837 chained (2009) U.S. dollars.

A background on Gross Domestic Product Purchasing Power Parity (GDP PPP) from the World Bank - World Development Indicators: Comparable measures of economic a...

Global Finance Magazine™: find Greece real Gross Domestic Product growth rate, latest forecasts and historical data, GDP per capita, GDP composition by sector

The statistic shows Nigers share in the global gross domestic product (GDP) adjusted for Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) from 2014 to 2024.

In 2015, the US spent 17.8% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on healthcare, which amounted to $3.2 trillion, or $9,990 per person.

The leaders of Estonias political parties as well as research institutions and business associations signed the so-called research agreement in Tallinn on Wednesday. The agreement fixes public sector investment into research and development to at least 1% of Estonias gross domestic product.

Remember that the creation of this corporation was part of a fragmentation of the foreign assistance program. USAID was placed under closer State Department control (but there was increased emphasis on funding non-governmental organizations as vehicles for bilateral aid, and on partnerships with the private sector which of course resulted in shared control), the Department of Defense was given charge of the large expenditures for conflict related foreign aid, a different bureau of the State Department continued its functions representing the United States with respect to the development assistance efforts of the United Nations programs and decentralized agencies, and the Department of the Treasury remained responsible for representing the United States with respect to the World Bank and other international financial institutions. Many observers have suggested that the Obama administration reorganize the foreign assistance bureaucracy, strengthening the international development expertise and ...

Remember that the creation of this corporation was part of a fragmentation of the foreign assistance program. USAID was placed under closer State Department control (but there was increased emphasis on funding non-governmental organizations as vehicles for bilateral aid, and on partnerships with the private sector which of course resulted in shared control), the Department of Defense was given charge of the large expenditures for conflict related foreign aid, a different bureau of the State Department continued its functions representing the United States with respect to the development assistance efforts of the United Nations programs and decentralized agencies, and the Department of the Treasury remained responsible for representing the United States with respect to the World Bank and other international financial institutions. Many observers have suggested that the Obama administration reorganize the foreign assistance bureaucracy, strengthening the international development expertise and ...

During the United States (US) second-cycle Universal Periodic Review (UPR), multiple states made recommendations concerning US abortion restrictions on foreign assistance, including the Helms Amendment. In addition to donor and recipient countries, these restrictions have also been the subject of concern for human rights bodies and experts. The US has failed to take any action on these state recommendations; in fact, in 2017 the Trump administration further entrenched and expanded the scope of these policies with the reinstatement of the Global Gag Rule (GGR).. The restrictive abortion policies include those imposed by the US Congress - the Helms and Siljander Amendments (Helms-related restrictions) - as well as the Presidentially imposed GGR. The restrictions impact different pools of money: the Helms-related restrictions dictate how US foreign aid can be spent and apply to all foreign assistance funds, while the GGR limits how funds from any donor can be spent if a foreign non-governmental ...

BRUSSELS - The United States is providing $10 million through its Power Africa initiative to support for the European Union Electrification Financing Initiative, or ElectriFI. United States Agency for International Development Associate Administrator Eric Postel and a representative of the European Commission signed an agreement launching the initiative today at European Development Days. The agreement ...

Last week, Congress completed work on a spending package that funds the federal government through the remainder of the fiscal year. As far as development and diplomacy are concerned, the bill is an unmistakable rejection of the deep cuts proposed by the Trump administration. Here are a few standouts from CGDs most-watched list.

Editors note: More information has become available since this statement was released on January 23. While many details of the Global Gag Rule policy are still…

An economic depression is so cataclysmic, it almost takes a perfect storm of events to create one. In fact, many experts say that contractionary monetary policy aggravated the Depression. The Federal Reserve rightly sought to slow down the stock market bubble in the late 1920s. But once the stock market crashed, the Fed kept raising interest rates to defend the gold standard. Instead of pumping money into the economy and increasing the money supply, the Fed allowed the money supply to fall 30 percent.. This created massive deflation, where prices dropped 10 percent each year. As people expected lower prices, they delayed purchases. Real estate prices plummeted 25 percent. People lost their homes. It was a devastating decade, which according to the Great Depression timeline, began in August 1929 and ended in June 1938.. Once the downward spiral of an economic depression takes hold, it is hard to stop. The New Deal created many government programs to end the Depression, but government programs ...

Economic depression is a technical term often used to describe the bad state of an economy. Yet, if taken loosely and irresponsibly in prints and media, the term may send a wrong signal that could cause unnecessary panic to an uniformed public. It pays to know a little bit more, even just by going back to a basic definition.

Stagnation and inequality could lead to a Second Progressive Era in the United States - or something far more dangerous instead.. ...

Hala Al-Saeed: The plan estimated the rate of economic growth at about 5.4% Hala Al-Saeed, Minister of Planning and Economic Development, ...

Find useful articles Publication Buzzwords, Publication and Reporting, and Research Publication at Editage Insights. Get tips on Research Publication and Reporting for your manuscript.

McLeans world-class researchers are published in scholarly and scientific journals on topics ranging throughout the fields of psychiatry and neuroscience.

McLeans world-class researchers are published in scholarly and scientific journals on topics ranging throughout the fields of psychiatry and neuroscience. Muscarinic receptor M4 positive allosteric modulators attenuate central effects of cocaine Dall C, Weikop P, Dencker D, Molander AC, Wörtwein G, Conn PJ, Fink-Jensen A, Thomsen M. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2017 May 16;176:154-161. [Epub ahead of print]

Ever since the development of GDP, multiple observers have pointed out limitations of using GDP as the overarching measure of economic and social progress. Many environmentalists argue that GDP is a poor measure of social progress because it does not take into account harm to the environment.[31][32] Although a high or rising level of GDP is often associated with increased economic and social progress within a country, a number of scholars have pointed out that this does not necessarily play out in many instances. For example, Jean Drèze and Amartya Sen have pointed out that an increase in GDP or in GDP growth does not necessarily lead to a higher standard of living, particularly in areas such as healthcare and education.[33] Another important area that does not necessarily improve along with GDP is political liberty, which is most notable in China, where GDP growth is strong yet political liberties are heavily restricted.[34] GDP does not account for the distribution of income among the ...

Tables on the subject: Government revenue and expenditure as defined in European System of Accounts (ESA), Euro billion, for the years 2015 to 2017.

Graph and download economic data from Q1 2005 to Q2 2017 about Rocky Mountain BEA Region, administrative, waste, management, professional, private industries, GSP, business, services, private, industry, real, GDP, and USA.

This report provides the details of the IMFs projections and estimates of Vietnam on the summary of the tax systems; gross domestic product by expenditure categories; sector and ownership at current prices; gross domestic product by sector at constant prices during 1996-2002; consumer price inflation, 1999-2003; population and employment; gross value of industrial and agricultural production at constant prices; balance of payments during 1997-2002; summary of general government budgetary operations; government revenues and expenditures; exchange rate developments; treasury bills and bond issues during 1997-2003; summary of normal tariff schedule; common effective preferential tariff (CEPT) rates during 2000-03, and so on.

Effects of the Great Depression Stock Market Crash - Panic of 1929 Factories Close Ford lays off 75,000 Unemployment Rises million without jobs (25%) GDP - Drops 33% from The Dust BowlThe Dust Bowl

Foreign Bank stocks have struggled this year as the slowdown in Europes economy has been worse than expected. The European Commission last week downgraded growth projections for most of the European Union, ...

August 29, 2017. Macaus GDP expanded by 11.5 percent in the second quarter on the back of a robust gambling business in the former Portuguese enclave. ...

When people are deliberating all the seaside mangrove, north savannas, forest savannas or possibly damp forests - Nigeria comes with the whole thing. Suitable for your outfit oil enterprise, all the farming enterprise is as well a very important power source just for finance production and additionally strengthen about GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT tier. Needing this approach in view, over the last two decades beyond 40% for the GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT tier was first produced all the agricultural sphere.. For duration, farming is normally once you for Nigeria considering that it assures all the cost about a career and additionally translates into cutting edge and additionally good job opportunities. Already, beyond 60% about work force is targeted on the agricultural sphere. In addition, gardening is mostly a particularly resourceful adventure for Nigeria in support of 33% about countrys secure is normally using farming. Right away, all the agricultural sphere are usually one of many derricks about ...

Gron KL., Ornbjerg LM., Hetland ML., Aslam F., Khan N., Jacobs JWG., Henrohn D., Rasker H., Kauppi M., Lang HC., Mota L., Aggarwal A., Hisashi Y., Badsha H., Gossec L., Cutolo M., Ferraccioli G., Lee EB., Direskeneli H., Taylor PC., Huisman M., Alten R., Pohl C., Oyoo O., Stropuviene S., Drosos AA., Kerzberg E., Ancuta C., Mofti A., Bergman M., Detert J., Selim ZI., Abda EA., Rexhepi B., Sokka T ...

A combination of ketamine and naltrexone may help treat those suffering from depression and substance abuse disorders, according to a new Yale study. Published in the Journal of the American Medical Association Network scientific journal on Jan. 19, the study was inspired by the need for a simultaneous treatment of depression and substance abuse disorders. […]

Richard Podolak, Ph.D., senior scientist, processing technologies, assists GMA members with thermal processing recommendations for acidified, water activity controlled food products, process cheese products, food safety and sanitation issues. Dr. Podolak is also an instructor for Better Process Control Schools, the workshop on thermobacteriology and the workshop on thermal processing of acidified foods for FDA inspectors.. Prior to joining GMA in 2004, he worked for the USDA/ARS where he was involved with researching hydrodynamic pressure processing to control pathogens in meat. Richard also served as a senior scientist at the research and development department of a food ingredient company in Wisconsin for more than five years. There he developed microbial starter cultures, antimicrobial agents for meat products and significantly reduced the cost of production through process optimization. He has published numerous articles in scientific journals on the subject of pathogenic bacteria control in ...

But in studies published in two leading scientific journals on Monday, scientists from the United States, China and Hong Kong said they had found several so-called neutralising antibodies that were able to prevent a key part of the virus from attaching to receptors that allow it to infect human cells.Antibodies are proteins made by the immune system that recognize foreign viruses and bacteria. A neutralising antibody is one that not only recognizes a specific virus but also prevents it from infecting host cells, eventually meaning the infection is cleared from the person or animal.In one study in the Science Translational Medicine journal, a Chinese-led team found that two antibodies, called MERS-4 and MERS-27, were able to block cells in a lab dish from becoming infected with the MERS virus.While early, the results hint that these antibodies, especially ... used in combination, could be promising candidates for interventions against MERS, the scientists wrote.In a second study in the ...

The economy of Mali is based to a large extent upon agriculture, with a mostly rural population engaged in subsistence agriculture. Mali is among the ten poorest nations of the world, is one of the 37 Heavily Indebted Poor Countries, and is a major recipient of foreign aid from many sources, including multilateral organizations (most significantly the World Bank, African Development Bank, and Arab Funds), and bilateral programs funded by the European Union, France, United States, Canada, Netherlands, and Germany. Before 1991, the former Soviet Union, China and the Warsaw Pact countries had been a major source of economic and military aid. The per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of Mali was $820 in 1999. Malis great potential wealth lies in mining and the production of agricultural commodities, livestock, and fish. The most productive agricultural area lies along the banks of the Niger River, the Inner Niger Delta and the southwestern region around Sikasso. This is a chart of trend of gross ...

This study shows, for the first time, a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (21.0%) in the Omani population. This estimate is nearly the same as that published from the U.S. (23.7%) using the same clinical definition (15). The only similar study among the Arab populations of the Middle East found that 17% of the West Bank Palestinians had metabolic syndrome using the World Health Organization definition (11).. Our figures are likely to be an underestimate of the true prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in the national Omani population because the population studied in Nizwa is more representative of semirural communities where the society consists of tribal people living together with high levels of social networking. However, since the early 1970s and soon after the discovery and exportation of oil, the per capita gross domestic product has increased drastically in Oman (from U.S. $410 in 1970 to U.S. $8,231 in 2000) (16), leading to personal income growth, better housing, and universal ...

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) expects Indonesias economy to expand 4.9 percent year-on-year (y/y) in 2016, slightly up from a 4.8 percentage point (y/y) growth of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2015. On Tuesday (15/03) Luis Breuer, IMF Mission Chief for Indonesia, said the Washington-based lender projects limited growth (+0.1 percent) of Indonesias private consumption this year. Regarding growth of investment and government spending in 2016, the IMF holds a more positive view. On the same day, the World Bank cut its forecast for Indonesias 2016 GDP growth by 0.2 percent to 5.1 percent. Lanjut baca › ...

Downloadable! This paper investigates the evolution of the unincorporated sector using the number of self-employed and gross domestic product (GDP), in that sector over the period 1987 to 2005. Self-employment studies have analyzed various characteristics of self-employed workers, including age, sex, immigration status and education, but have generally lacked measures of GDP associated with unincorporated self-employment. This study redresses the lack of economic data, and estimates GDP by industry arising from unincorporated self-employment. This paper updates the 1997 - 2002 estimates of unincorporated GDP derived by Rispoli (2009). The paper also examines how unincorporated self-employment responded to both overall economic trends and business cycles. The rate of unincorporated self-employment was positively correlated to the unemployment rate in the long run. The paper also looks at incorporated self-employment. (Close to one million self-employed were incorporated in 2005). It investigates its

Graph and download economic data for Gross Domestic Product: Government and Government Enterprises in Rhode Island (RIGOVNQGSP) from Q1 2005 to Q1 2021 about RI, GSP, government, industry, GDP, and USA.

Today, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) released prototype annual estimates of gross domestic product (GDP) for Puerto Rico for 2012 to 2018. This release represents another major step by the Bureau to develop comprehensive economic accounts for Puerto Rico that are consistent with international guidelines and that are directly comparable to data for other states and countries.[1] In conjunction with this release, BEA is requesting feedback to refine the data sources and methods used to prepare these statistics.

The importance of livestock and their contribution to human welfare and improved agriculture is recognised (Wilson 1995). They contribute about 25% of the agricultural gross domestic product in sub-Saharan Africa, and even exceed this value in some West African countries (ILCA 1993). The contribution of livestock to the gross domestic product of The Gambia increased from 18.1 million dalasis (3.8%) in 1982/83 to 27.2 million dalasis (4.6%) in 1993/94 (CSO 2000). A report by the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO 1997) indicates that in The Gambia, livestock contributed approximately 24% of the agricultural gross domestic product, with an estimated annual growth rate of 3.3%.. Sheep and goats are widely distributed in Africa, and though there are conflicting figures as to the numbers available, their importance especially to resource poor farmers has been well documented (Devendra 1985; Nuru 1987; Itty 1997; Peacock 1995). Nuru (1987) estimates that 171 million sheep and 144.7 million goats ...

The Congress makes the following findings:. (1) President Clinton stated in April 1993 that the United States opposed the construction of the Juragua nuclear power plant because of the concerns of the United States about Cubas ability to ensure the safe operation of the facility and because of Cubas refusal to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty or ratify the Treaty of Tlatelolco.. (2) Cuba has not signed the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons or ratified the Treaty of Tlatelolco, the latter of which establishes Latin America and the Caribbean as a nuclear weapons-free zone.. (3) The State Department, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and the Department of Energy have expressed concerns about the construction and operation of Cubas nuclear reactors.. (4) In a September 1992 report to the Congress, the General Accounting Office outlined concerns among nuclear energy experts about deficiencies in the nuclear plant project in Juragua, near Cienfuegos, Cuba, ...

SEC. 634. (a) AFGHANISTAN, IRAQ, PAKISTAN, LEBANON, MONTENEGRO, VICTIMS OF WAR, DISPLACED CHILDREN, AND DISPLACED BURMESE- Funds appropriated by this Act that are made available for assistance for Afghanistan may be made available notwithstanding section 612 of this Act or any similar provision of law and section 660 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, and funds appropriated in titles II and III of this Act that are made available for Iraq, Lebanon, Montenegro, Pakistan, and for victims of war, displaced children, and displaced Burmese, and to assist victims of trafficking in persons and, subject to the regular notification procedures of the Committees on Appropriations, to combat such trafficking, may be made available notwithstanding any other provision of law. (b) TROPICAL FORESTRY AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES- Funds appropriated by this Act to carry out the provisions of sections 103 through 106, and chapter 4 of part II, of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 may be used, ...

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RESULTS. Total domestic health expenditure was $68 620 million in the fiscal year 2001/02. In real terms, expenditure grew at an average rate of 7% while gross domestic product increased by 4% during the same period. This indicates a growing share of health spending relative to gross domestic product, from 3.8% in 1989/90 to 5.5% in 2001/02. This upward trend was largely driven by increased public spending that rose 208% in real terms over the period, compared with 76% for private spending. Out-of-pocket payments by households accounted for about 70% of private spending while employers and insurance accounted for 28%. Private insurance plays an increasingly important role in financing private spending whereas household expenditure has shown a corresponding decrease during the period. Expenditure incurred at providers of ambulatory services and hospitals accounted for more than 70% of total health expenditure during the observed period. Hospitals share of total spending increased by 18%, ...

December 1, 2014. On so-called Black Friday, the biggest shopping day of the year in the U.S., members of the Blackout Collective and their allies obstructed BART trains on both sides of the track from moving out of the West Oakland BART station in an economic protest to the systemic wanton killing of Black people in this country, most recently symbolized by the police murders of Mike Brown and Eric Garner.. ...

PPP-aGDP, PPP-aTHE, and unemployment rate are the most common macroeconomic indicators of a countrys standard of living and public health policies.33 Despite the worldwide use of these indicators, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies particularly assessing their association with the incident risk of stroke and outcomes at the population level. In a systematic review, Feigin et al analyzed population studies reporting on the incidence/prevalence of stroke in different countries.4 The results were then divided according to the countrys socioeconomic level (low to middle to high income). However, no economic indicators were included.. In the present systematic review of population-based studies, we analyzed the correlation of PPP-aGDP, PPP-aTHE, and unemployment rate with standardized risk of incident stroke, 30-day case-fatality rates, proportion of primary intracerebral hemorrhages, and age at stroke onset. PPP-aGDP was associated with incident risk of stroke, 30-day ...

Livestock sector plays a multi-faceted role in socio-economic development of rural households and contributes about 4.2 percent to the Gross Domestic Product and 25.6 percent to the Agricultural Gross Domestic Product in the country. Over the last three decades, livestock sector has grown at an annual rate of 7 percent, which is more than double the growth of the agricultural sector. Empirical evidences indicate that livestock is an important component of the agriculture system, providing an additional source of income and nutritional cover to a large section of the rural population, particularly the disadvantaged and poor households (Rao et al 2003; Birthal and Ali 2005; Ravikumar and Chander 2006, Singh et al 2007). The distribution of livestock, as a liquid asset to poor families, is more egalitarian as compared to land (Taneja and Birthal 2004; Ali 2007). However, the recent trend in livestock sector growth suggests that in order to meet the emerging demand for livestock based products, both ...

Studies on happiness have acquired a particular importance over time. They have been considered useful not only for addressing policies on income productio

The reduction and prevention of dental caries is a problem uppermost in every Dentists mind. In this series of articles we have presented a resume of much authoritative clinical data from scientific journals on the Relation of Vitamin D to Dentistry with particular reference to the problem of caries.. Our initial article dealt with the factors n the cause and prevention of dental caries as defined and outlined by Dr. Kugelmass. Each Factor was further enlarged upon with citations of clinical studies by numerous other scientists.. The relations and importance of the tooth and bone building Vitamins D, and the minerals, calcium and phosphorus, in the prenatal diet were discussed in the second article.. The scarcity of Vitamins in average diets, and the relation of this dietary deficiency to the problem of the prevention of dental caries as well as that of rickets, plus a summary of the factors which obstruct the formation of Vitamin D in the body by sunlight, were discussed in the third article ...

To my knowledge, critics to date have not been able to generate a single peer-reviewed publication in a scientific journal on Book of Mormon DNA issues. Although validation of study controls is critical to the testing of any scientific hypothesis, Mr. Murphy and other critics have accepted without validation the assumption that modern Jewish populations represent a comprehensive control of ancient Israelite genetics. This assumption in itself demonstrates profound ignorance of Jewish ethnohistoric dynamics. It is rather shocking that while the original study authors repeatedly comment explicitly that their studies of Jewish populations do not necessarily demonstrate that the haplotypes in question reflect early Israelite genetics, Mr. Murphy and other critics have conveniently omitted mention of these cautions. Mr. Murphy fails to disclose the lack of any meaningful mtDNA homology among modern Jewish groups that undermines one of his foundational arguments attacking LDS views. The internal ...

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Conference Series LLC invites all the participants across the globe to attend the 18th Annual Pharma Middle East Congress on Oct 22-23, 2018 at Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Which in turn raises the question, What is specialized training? Does a juror who is hearing a pharmaceutical product liability case have to have high school science classes? A college degree? A college degree with a minor in the physical sciences? A college degree in chemistry? A masters in biochemistry? A Ph.D. in pharmacological sciences? An appointment as a professor of pharmacological sciences? Is this going to be a hard and fast standard, with state legislatures defining the minimum qualification for each profession, and each specialty and subspecialty of each profession? Or will this be left to the judges discretion (in which case we may see appeals suggesting an abuse of discretion by a judge who permitted a juror to serve on the basis of a bachelors degree in chemistry, but without also requiring that the juror had completed, for example, classes in cellular biology and neurochemistry). Oh yes - and should there be a work experience requirement, or a recency of degree requirement, ...

The pharmacological effects of dobutamine (see Table 10-1 for structure) result from direct interactions with a and b receptors and are complex. The preparation of dobutamine used clinically is a racemate. The (-) isomer of dobutamine is a potent a1 agonist and pressor; (+) dobutamine is a potent a1 antagonist that can block the effects of (-) dobutamine. Both isomers are full agonists at b receptors, but the (+) isomer is more potent than the (-) isomer by -tenfold.. Was this article helpful?. ...

bacterial cell is enclosed. The antimicrobial factors kill the immobilized microbes.. There are two types of antimicrobial factors, those that are preformed inside the phagocyte and one that is induced in response to the phagocytic process. The most important of the antimicrobial mechanisms is the respiratory burst, which generates oxygen radicals-superoxide, hydroxy l radicals, and hydrogen peroxide. The respiratory burst is the only induced mechanism. All of the active oxygen species are highly destructive to bacterial as well as host cells, so they are not produced until they are needed. The defensins are arginine- or cysteine-rich bactericidal peptides that exhibit an extremely broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. The defensins will kill bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative), fungi, and even some viruses. The mechanism of action of the defensins is unknown, but because the peptides are highly charged in an opposite sense to bacterial cell membranes, an electrostatic, ...

The FT has the report: The UK in the first decade of the new century recorded the lowest economic growth of the postwar period and the worst returns for stock market investors since the 1930s, according to a Financial Times analysis of official and market data. Information provided by the Office of National Statistics to the FT shows that gross domestic product, on average, rose by 1.7 per cent annually in real terms throughout the so-called noughties, Britains weakest period of economic expansion of any since the 1940s. Manufacturing was particularly hard hit and, on average, after adjusting for inflation,...

McDonalds, Blockbuster Video, Jiffy Lube, and Subway: franchising has become an ever-present feature of the American landscape. One-third of the U.S. gross domestic product flows through franchises, and one out of every sixteen workers is employed by one. But how did franchising come to play such a dominant role in the American economy? What are the day-to-day experiences of franchisees and franchisers in the workplace? What challenges and pitfalls await them as they stake their claim to prosperity? These are just a few of the questions explored in this book, a documentary-like look into the frustrations and uncertainties that entrepreneurs face in their pursuit of the American dream. The author worked for three years in the front-line operations of franchise units for three companies, met with CEOs and executives, and attended countless trade shows, seminars, and expositions. All this firsthand experience gave him unprecedented access to the hopes and aspirations of franchisees. His book closely

At independence in 1975, Mozambique was one of the world´s poorest countries. Socialist mismanagement and a brutal civil war from 1977-92 exacerbated the situation. In 1987, the government embarked on a series of macroeconomic reforms designed to stabilize the economy. These steps, combined with donor assistance and with political stability since the multi-party elections in 1994, have led to dramatic improvements in the country´s growth rate. Inflation was reduced to single digits during the late 1990s although it returned to double digits in 2000-03. Fiscal reforms, including the introduction of a value-added tax and reform of the customs service, have improved the government´s revenue collection abilities. In spite of these gains, Mozambique remains dependent upon foreign assistance for much of its annual budget, and the majority of the population remains below the poverty line. Subsistence agriculture continues to employ the vast majority of the country´s work force. A substantial trade ...

Congress stated in the Omnibus bill that total bilateral funding for FP/RH programs should be not less than $575 million ($524 million through the GHP account and $51 million through other accounts such as ESF and/or AEECA), matching the FY15 enacted bilateral funding level.6,7 The Omnibus bill also included $32.5 million for the U.S. contribution to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), a decrease of $2.5 million (7%) below the FY15 enacted level. While the Omnibus bill maintains existing policy requirements prohibiting the use of foreign assistance to pay for the performance of abortion as a method of family planning or to motivate or coerce any person to practice abortion, it does not include a reinstatement of the Global Gag Rule, which required foreign non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to certify that they would not perform or promote abortion as a method of family planning using funds from any source as a condition for receiving U.S. funding - a provision that had been ...

The 2019 International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) is an annual report by the Department of State to Congress prepared in accordance with the Foreign Assistance Act. It describes the efforts of key countries to attack all aspects of the international drug trade in Calendar Year 2018. Volume I covers drug and chemical control activities. Volume II covers money laundering and financial crimes.. ...

Its official: The number of people living on less than $1.90 (USD) a day has halved since 1990 - in other words, we are closer than we have ever been to a world without extreme poverty. And none of this would have been possible without foreign assistance. Assistance that most certainly includes that which has come from the US - the single biggest national donor of aid.. Yet today, we risk not only slowing but reversing this progress, thanks to the increasingly isolationist rhetoric that is creeping across the globe. Many countries - including the United States, whose president is advocating for 32% cuts to the international affairs budget in 2018 - are not delivering on their promises, and are instead retreating from the world, rather than leading it.. Read More: Whos Performing at the Global Citizen Festival 2017. Thats why we will be mobilizing millions of Global Citizens to remind leaders as they gather for the UN General Assembly in September, of the worldwide agreement they signed onto ...

Deputy Secretary of State Randall L. Tobias submitted his resignation Friday, one day after confirming to ABC News that he had been a customer of a Washington, D.C. escort service whose owner has been charged by federal prosecutors with running a prostitution operation. Tobias, 65, director of U.S. Foreign Assistance and administrator of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), had previously served as the ambassador for the Presidents Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief.. A State Department press release late Friday afternoon said only he was leaving for personal reasons.. On Thursday, Tobias told ABC News he had several times called the Pamela Martin and Associates escort service to have gals come over to the condo to give me a massage. Tobias, who is married, said there had been no sex, and that recently he had been using another service with Central Americans to provide massages. Tobias private cell number was among thousands of numbers listed in the telephone records ...

Contrast that with Honduras, yes, it has been a news item, but way at the end of Michael Jackson. And weve - as a main component of this news item has been the Obama administrations alleged condemnation of the Honduran coup. But if you look at the condemnation, which is built on the fact that they said that - theyve said that - well, they tried to sway the Honduran military from staging the coup - and I have to say, Hillary Clinton doesnt want to call it a coup, because if she called it a coup, the Foreign Assistance Act would kick in, and shed have to withdraw all the military support to the 600 US military personnel who are based in Honduras. But she said, and administration officials have said, Look, we tried to persuade the Honduran military from going ahead with this. Well, turn that around, as that means that they knew that a coup was coming, and it just beggars belief that they didnt play a major role in the events, that may well have got out of their control. They may well have ...

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Introduction. Essay No.2 Jong Bae, Moon Explain the key issues in relation to the developing nations concerning ; the characteristics of economic growth. Economic growth refers to an increase in a countrys ability to produce goods and services. The advantage of economic growth is that an increase in real national income allow more goods for consumption. The income of a country can be measured by its GDP or GNP. The GDP measures the value of goods and services produced by the firms of an economic in one year. It can increase due to two basic reasons or a combinations of both. First, the value can increase because the amount of goods and services actually produced during the course of one year has increase. ...read more. Middle. A developing country or less developed country (LDC) is one which is not yet fully industrialized and tends to have the following features : * Agriculture is more important than manufacturing. * There is limited specialization and exchange. * There are not enough savings ...

According to information released by Statistics Estonia on Thursday, Estonias gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 3.6% on year in the first quarter of 2018.

Greg,. Measured properly wages and salaries in the first half of 2006 were the lowest as a share of economy since WW II.. The proper denominator for factor shares is gross domestic income (GDI) or national income. Using either denominator, wages and salaries are the lowest since World War II. CEAs Economic Report of the President always shows incomes as a fraction of GDI as does NIPA Table 1.11.. You are correct that as a share of gross domestic product (GDP) wages and salaries are no longer the lowest since WW II. But this is an apples-to-oranges comparison -- which is why neither the very careful CEA nor the very careful BEA would do it. (It is, alas, a common practice to use GDP in the denominator -- one that many excellent economists and reporters, including the New York Times -- follow.). Specifically, the statistical discrepancy between GDP and GDI shows up in the denominator but not in the numerator. In 2006-Q2, GDP was $76 billion lower than GDI. If youre using GDP in the denominator, ...

ECONOMIC RECOVERY is likely to start by the fourth quarter, with growth seen in key sectors such as agriculture and construction, Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas Governor Benjamin E. Diokno said on Monday.. I expect to see some growth in Q4 - agriculture, construction, manufacturing, and public administration, Mr. Diokno said in a text message to BusinessWorld.. The economy contracted by 0.2% in the first quarter of the year, weighed down by the Taal eruption, the coronavirus outbreak and the subsequent lockdown.. The second quarter is expected to be worse, with the economy seen slipping into a recession. A recession is defined as two straight quarters of negative economic growth as measured by gross domestic product (GDP).. Despite easing of lockdown and resumption of business activity, Mr. Diokno still expects a GDP contraction, albeit slower, in the third quarter.. I think the recovery will start in the fourth quarter. I think economic contraction could persist until Q3, although at a slower ...

In addition to quantitative assessment of economic growth using econometric models, business cycle analyses have been proved to be helpful to practitioners in order to assess current economic conditions or to anticipate upcoming fluctuations. In this paper, we focus on the acceleration cycle in the euro area, namely the peaks and troughs of the growth rate which delimitate the slowdown and acceleration phases of the economy. Our aim is twofold: First, we put forward a reference turning point chronology of this cycle on a monthly basis, based on gross domestic product and industrial production index. We consider both euro area aggregate level and country specific cycles for the six main countries of the zone. Second, we come up with a new turning point indicator, based on business surveys carefully watched by central banks and short-term analysts, in order to follow in real-time the fluctuations of the acceleration cycle.. ...

Marxism, as a theory and practicable task and goal for many states and its people holding it in the hands in millions all over the world like a torch to quell the darkness of the poverty from their lives, marched years together with a hope for the liberation from all the problems they have in their lives for the socialism, now the majority of the people have been desisted it and do not like even to utter it in their daily lives in recent years after the failures in USSR, in CHINA. As a result the USA has emerged the single strongest state to rule the world in its own way what it thinks fit on the different names, world peace or war on terror. At the same time the USA itself is now under economic depression and striving to recover from recession and going to loose its legacy in coming years in the hands of new states in the same way of open market and global reforms. The same kind of the treatment what it has given to the other states in its past history after its independence, is going to ...

At their most recent meeting, the finance ministers representing the 17 countries that comprise the Eurozone, along with the IMF (International Monetary Fund) and ECB (European Central Bank), have thus far failed to decide on releasing the next tranche of bailout funds to insolvent Greece. Without the bailout money being released, Athens is fiscally up the creek, without a paddle.. Greece has done what it had to and what it had committed to doing. Our partners, along with the IMF, also must do what they have undertaken. an increasingly desperate Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras pleaded.. The austerity measures enacted by Greece have imploded the economy, now entrapped in a frightful economic depression. The debris of the Greek economy has smashed social cohesion and political stability, witnessed by the sharp rise in popularity of the Fascist and neo-Nazi Golden Dawn party, which has promised economic salvation through bashing the immigrants they claim are the cause of the economic woes in ...

Once secured as the supreme ruler of Germany Hitler gained support of the German people by convincing them he was their savior from the economic depression, the Treaty of Versailles, Communism, Jews and other undesired minorities. Over the coming years Hitler was to oversee the expansion of Germanys industrial production and civil improvements to a scale which the German people had never before witnessed. Hitler encouraged women to stay at home to bring up their children and keep house. In a speech in 1934 Hitler stated the German womans world was her husband, her family, her children and her home.. Germanys unemployment was reduced to a point where the country was nearing full employment, mainly due to arms production and sending women home so men could take their role in the workplace, Hitlers reconstruction and re-armament came from currency manipulations by the Finance Minister Hjalmar Schacht which included the Mefo bills which were credit notes issued by the Nazi Government mainly to ...

Some recruits were Civil War soldiers, men used to military life who had trouble readjusting to civilian ways. Others were wide-eyed country boys seeking adventure and escape from the drudgery of farm life-only to discover they had traded one form of hardship for another. Some were criminals seeking an anonymous refuge, others snowbirds intending to desert when spring brought better weather. There were even men who sought relief during economic depressions; hard times were the armys best recruiter.. About half the men were foreign born. Between 1865 and 1874, 20 percent came from Ireland and 12 percent from Germany. The army was a source of steady employment and a chance to adapt to American culture.. Each cavalry or infantry regiment was composed of 12 companies. A soldiers company was his whole world, and it was there that he formed the friendships-and acquired enemies-that would make his five-year hitch heaven or hell. A captain headed each company, but he was a remote, almost ...

An enormous problem in a time of economic depression is that parishes will be budgeting for resources for the new translation. Because of the convenience of having Ordo, readings and music, I suspect missalette publishers are poised to gain the most during the next 3-5 years, as congregations digest the new translation until the point that it no longer seems new (I would call this the period of transition, which is much more than simply preparation and initial implementation). More prosperous parishes might consider new hardbound hymnals, but I suspect that kind of commitment might be beyond many parishs scope. However, after the period of transition has come and gone, and if economic conditions have started to ameliorate more significantly (a big if), then there is likely to be a hunger for better, more permanent resources that are more cost-effective over the long term (the problem with hard times is that capital to pay for the up-front costs of things that are more frugal in the long run is ...

Unemployment rate increased & economic depression may cause deflation (通縮) in Taiwan. Its because of terrible livelihood policies of our great goverment recently... (ps) Orlando Furioso.. 奧蘭多的憤怒

Many grandparents are raising their grandchildren at their homes .With the current economic depression kicking in , we may see even more grandparents raising their grandchildren . The parents are retrenched or they cannot meet their expenses and had to fall back on their parents. The increasing incidence of parental substance abuse, child abuse and…

A nationwide rebellion brought the United States to a standstill in the summer of 1877. Eighty thousand railroad workers walked out, joined by hundreds of thousands of Americans outraged by the excesses of the railroad companies and the misery of a four-year economic depression. Police, state militia, and federal troops clashed with strikers and sympathizers, leaving more than one hundred dead and thousands injured. The Great Uprising inaugurated a new era of conflict over the meaning of America in the industrial age. (Length: 30 minutes) ...