The Greenland ice sheet has been one of the largest contributors to global sea-level rise over the past 20 years, accounting for 0.5 mm yr−1 of a total of 3.2 mm yr−1. A significant portion of this contribution is associated with the speed-up of an increased number of glaciers in southeast and northwest Greenland. Here, we show that the northeast Greenland ice stream, which extends more than 600 km into the interior of the ice sheet, is now undergoing sustained dynamic thinning, linked to regional warming, after more than a quarter of a century of stability. This sector of the Greenland ice sheet is of particular interest, because the drainage basin area covers 16% of the ice sheet (twice that of Jakobshavn Isbræ) and numerical model predictions suggest no significant mass loss for this sector, leading to an under-estimation of future global sea-level rise. The geometry of the bedrock and monotonic trend in glacier speed-up and mass loss suggests that dynamic drawdown of ice in this region ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Tracing glacial meltwater from the Greenland Ice Sheet to the ocean using gliders. AU - Hendry, Katharine R. AU - Briggs, Nathan. AU - Henson, Stephanie. AU - Opher, Jacob. AU - Alexander Brearley, J. AU - Meredith, Michael P. AU - Leng, Melanie J. AU - Meire, Lorenz. PY - 2021/7/1. Y1 - 2021/7/1. N2 - The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is experiencing significant mass loss and freshwater discharge at glacier fronts. The freshwater input from Greenland will impact the physical properties of adjacent coastal seas, including important regions of deep water formation and contribute to global sea level rise. However, the biogeochemical impact of increasing freshwater discharge from the GrIS is less well constrained. Here, we demonstrate the use of bio-optical sensors on ocean gliders to track biogeochemical properties of meltwaters off Southwest Greenland. Our results reveal that fresh, coastal waters, with an oxygen isotopic composition characteristic of glacial meltwater, are ...

1] Acidity peaks in Greenland ice cores have been used as critical reference horizons for synchronizing ice core records, aiding the construction of a single Greenland Ice Core Chronology (GICC05) for the Holocene. Guided by GICC05, we examined sub-sections of three Greenland cores in the search for tephra from specific eruptions that might facilitate the linkage of ice core records, the dating of prehistoric tephras and the understanding of the eruptions. Here we report the identification of 14 horizons with tephra particles, including 11 that have not previously been reported from the North Atlantic region and that have the potential to be valuable isochrons. The positions of tephras whose major element data are consistent with ash from the Katmai AD 1912 and Öraefajökull AD 1362 eruptions confirm the annually resolved ice core chronology for the last 700 years. We provide a more refined date for the so-called AD860B tephra, a widespread isochron found across NW Europe, and present new ...

Additionally, the weight of the Greenland ice has depressed the interior of the continent and disrupted any drainage that existed prior to being covered in ice. If the ice should be completely melted, a significant fraction of the water wont make it to the oceans until isostatic rebound removes the bowl. The bottom line is that theoretical calculations converting the ice volume of Greenland to an increase in ocean level overstates the immediate effect.. I would also like to draw your attention to this graph. https://www.climate.gov/news-features/event-tracker/new-record-temperature-southwest-greenland. It shows the alltime record summer temp for Summit station in inland Greenland. Notice that it barely got above 0C. Since summers are only 2 months long here how in the hell is Greenland supposed to melt any appreciable amount even if global temps went up 4C. The summit is 2 miles high and the mean thickness of the ice in all of Greenland is 2135 metres or 7000 ft. Since this total of ice is ...

TY - GEN. T1 - Possible effect of temperature on the biomass of northern shrimp off West Greenland. T2 - From: Workshop `Ecosystem West Greenland`, Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Nuuk 29 November - 03 December 2001. AU - Wieland, Kai. A2 - Jarre, Astrid. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. M3 - Conference article. VL - 1. SP - 32. EP - 33. JO - Inussuk. JF - Inussuk. SN - 1397-7431. ER - ...

To investigate the sequence of events between climate changes at low latitudes and in Greenland, we provide here the first 17O-excess record from a Greenland ice core during Dansgaard-Oeschger events 7 to 13, encompassing H4 and H5. Combined with other ice core proxy records, our new 17O-excess data set demonstrates that stadials are generally characterised by low 17O-excess levels compared to interstadials. This can be interpreted as synchronous change of high-latitude temperature and lower-latitude hydrological cycle (relative humidity at the oceanic source of evaporation or change in the water mass trajectory/recharge) and/or an influence of local temperature on 17O-excess through kinetic effect at snow formation. As an exception from this general pattern, stadial 9 consists of three phases, characterised first by Greenland cooling during 550 ± 60 years (as shown by markers of Greenland temperature δ18O and δ15N), followed by a specific lower-latitude fingerprint as identified from several ...

The new findings reveal higher temperatures in Northern Greenland during the Eemian than paleo-climate models have estimated, said Dahl-Jensen.. The researchers looked at surface elevation and ice thickness in the early and later parts of the Eemian. Following the previous glacial period, 128,000 years before present, the surface elevation in the vicinity of NEEM was 200 meters higher than the present and the ice thickness decreased at a very high rate of 6 centimeters per year. Some 122,000 years before the present, the surface elevation was 130 meters below the present. In the late Eemian, 122,000 to 115,000 before present, the surface elevation remained stable at a level of 130 meters below the present with an ice thickness of 2,400 meters.. The research team estimated the Greenland ice sheets volume reduced by no more than 25 percent over 6,000 years. The rate of elevation change in the early part of the Eemian was high and the loss of mass from the Greenland ice sheet was likely on the ...

Laboratory reared eggs and yolk sac larvae of Greenland cod (Gadus ogac) from West Greenland are described and compared to wild-caught larvae from West Greenland presumed to be G. ogac, to wild-caught larvae of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) from West Greenland waters and in the literature, to larvae of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) in the literature and wild-caught in West Greenland waters and to a literature description of larvae of toothed cod (Arctogadus borisovi). The almost total absence of external pre-anal pigmentation with none dorsally in late stage embryos and yolk sac larvae of G. ogac up to 5.2 mm notochord length (NL) distinguishes them from the other species, where extensive external pre-anal pigmentation is always present, at least dorsally. Also, a larger maximum yolk sac larval size of at least 5.2 mm NL (based on reared specimens) compared to a maximum of 4.0-4.5 mm NL and post-anal length/total length ratios of 0.55-0.59 compared to 0.51 respectively in G. ogac and G. morhua ...

Greenland ice cores provide excellent evidence of past abrupt climate changes. However, there is no universally accepted theory of how and why these Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events occur. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain DO events, including sea ice, ice shelf buildup, ice sheets, atmospheric circulation, and meltwater changes. DO event temperature reconstructions depend on the stable water isotope (δ18O) and nitrogen isotope measurements from Greenland ice cores: interpretation of these measurements holds the key to understanding the nature of DO events. Here, we demonstrate the primary importance of sea ice as a control on Greenland ice core δ18O: 95% of the variability in δ18O in southern Greenland is explained by DO event sea ice changes. Our suite of DO events, simulated using a general circulation model, accurately captures the amplitude of δ18O enrichment during the abrupt DO event onsets. Simulated geographical variability is broadly consistent with available ice core ...

A new paper from the 2011 Antarctic Science Symposium presents new ice core data from Greenland and finds that not even the southern portion of Greenland was ice-free during the Eemian period, despite temperatures much higher than the present (5°C or 9°F) lasting for 16,000 years (from 130,000 to 114,000 years ago). Meanwhile, alarmists such as Richard Alley (buddy of Michael Mann at Penn State) and James Hansen claim The entire ice mass of Greenland will disappear from the world map if temperatures rise by as little as 2°C. Note global temperatures have recovered by a mere 0.7°C since the end of the Little Ice Age in 1850 and have been flat to declining since 1998 ...

For some reason, this item does not want to post to the DML despite multiple tries... ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Ben Creisler ,[email protected], Date: Mon, Nov 10, 2014 at 10:48 AM Subject: Phytosaurs from Greenland (news) To: [email protected] Ben Creisler [email protected] ,From a blocked earlier posting to the DML. Phytosaurs (two adults, a juvenile and a baby) from Triassic of Greenland with video (in Portuguese) http://observador.pt/2014/11/05/eram-assim-os-crocodilos-da-gronelandia/ ,From SVP meeting: THE LATE TRIASSIC OF JAMESON LAND REVISITED: NEW VERTEBRATE FINDINGS AND THE FIRST PHYTOSAUR FROM GREENLAND MATEUS, Octávio ; CLEMMENSEN, Lars ; KLEIN, Nicole ; WINGS, Oliver ; FROBØSE, Nicolaij; MILÀN, Jesper ; ADOLFSSEN, Jan Schulz ; ESTRUP, Eliza SVP Poster 2014 An expedition to Jameson Land (East Greenland) was conducted in July of 2012, involving twelve researchers and technicians from Denmark, Germany, and Portugal. The fieldwork focused on two sites: ...

The purpose of this study was to compare the frontal sinus size of ancient Greenlandic Inuit with ancient Inuit of Alaska and Canada, and to compare sinus size between ancient and modern Greenlandic...

The contribution of ice sheets to the global biogeochemical cycle of phosphorus is largely unknown, due to the lack of field data. Here we present the first comprehensive study of phosphorus export from two Greenland Ice Sheet glaciers. Our results indicate that the ice sheet is a hot spot of phosphorus export in the Arctic. Soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) concentrations, up to 0.35 µM, are similar to those observed in Arctic rivers. Yields of SRP are among the highest in the literature, with denudation rates of 17-27 kg P km−2 yr−1. Particulate phases, as with nonglaciated catchments, dominate phosphorus export (,97% of total phosphorus flux). The labile particulate fraction differs between the two glaciers studied, with significantly higher yields found at the larger glacier (57.3 versus 8.3 kg P km−2 yr−1). Total phosphorus yields are an order of magnitude higher than riverine values reported in the literature. We estimate that the ice sheet contributes ~15% of total bioavailable ...

Enjoy an exhilirating hike up Quassussuaq Mountain, following a trail that offers spectacular views of Nuuk and the fjords beyond.. A short drive from the pier brings you to the foothills of Quassussuaq Mountain, which overlooks Nuuk, the worlds smallest capital and Greenlands biggest town. The hike will begin at a relaxed pace and before long you will enter the unspoiled terrain so prevalent in this part of the country.. Expect the views to be spectacular as you ascend and gaze out over Nuuk, which means headland. From your elevated vantage point, you will understand why it was so named: the city sits at the very tip of a peninsula at the mouth of an extensive fjord system.. The hike up Quassussuaq, also known as Little Malene, offers an ever-changing landscape. You will pass streams and small lakes and see the ski resort near Nuuks airport. There will be plenty of short breaks to enjoy the scenery. After a while, you will stop for a picnic style sandwich lunch at one of the prettiest ...

GREENLAND (Danish, &c., Gronland), a large continental island, the greater portion of which lies within the Arctic Circle, while the whole is arctic in character. It is not connected with any portion of Europe or America except by suboceanic ridges; but in the extreme north it is separated only by a narrow strait from Ellesmere Land in the archipelago of the American continent. It is bounded on the east by the North Atlantic, the Norwegian and Greenland Seas-Jan Mayen, Iceland, the Faeroe Islands and the Shetlands being the only lands between it and Norway. Denmark Strait is the sea between it and Iceland, and the northern Norwegian Sea or Greenland Sea separates it from Spitsbergen. On the west Davis Strait and Baffin Bay separate it from Baffin Land. The so-called bay narrows northward into the strait successively known as Smith Sound, Kane Basin, Kennedy Channel and Robeson Channel. A submarine ridge, about 300 fathoms deep at its deepest, unites Greenland with Iceland (across Denmark ...

Surface meltwater that drains to the bed of the Greenland Ice Sheet each summer causes changes in ice flow that cannot be fully explained by prevailing theories. Now a multinational, multidisciplinary team led by ice sheet modelers at Los Alamos National Laboratory is exploring how changes in extensive, sediment-choked subglacial swamps actually explain why the ice sheets movement slows down in late summer and winter.

Author(s): MacGregor, Joseph A; Fahnestock, Mark A; Catania, Ginny A; Aschwanden, Andy; Clow, Gary D; Colgan, William T; Gogineni, S Prasad; Morlighem, Mathieu; Nowicki, Sophie MJ; Paden, John D; Price, Stephen F; Seroussi, Hélène | Abstract: The basal thermal state of an ice sheet (frozen or thawed) is an important control upon its evolution, dynamics and response to external forcings. However, this state can only be observed directly within sparse boreholes or inferred conclusively from the presence of subglacial lakes. Here we synthesize spatially extensive inferences of the basal thermal state of the Greenland Ice Sheet to better constrain this state. Existing inferences include outputs from the eight thermomechanical ice-flow models included in the SeaRISE effort. New remote-sensing inferences of the basal thermal state are derived from Holocene radiostratigraphy, modern surface velocity and MODIS imagery. Both thermomechanical modeling and remote inferences generally agree that the Northeast

West Greenland photography holidays. West Greenland photography holidays explore a truly spectacular destination. Small boat tours take you up close to dramatic walls of blue ice and out to traditional Inuit settlements, while evenings offer the chance to witness the stunning Aurora Borealis.

The feasibility of using satellite data for climate research over the Greenland ice sheet is discussed. In particular, we demonstrate the usefulness of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR)

CiteSeerX - Scientific documents that cite the following paper: Sediment plume response to surface melting and supraglacial lake drainages on the Greenland ice sheet

The Greenland ice sheet may disappear permanently at a much lower global temperature increase than previously thought, according to research recently ..

A paper appearing in Geophysical Research Letters uses machine learning to craft an improved model for understanding geothermal heat flux -- heat emanating from the Earths interior -- below the Greenland Ice Sheet. Its a research approach new to glaciology that could lead to more accurate predictions for ice-mass

How can robots help scientists canvas unchartered territory in the worlds coldest, most desolate regions? ClimateWires Lauren Morello explores a National Science Foundation-funded project to perfect Yeti Robot and Cool Robot to collect data on the Greenland ice sheet. Click here to read the special report.. ...

Art Museum of Nuuk Blok P Greenland National Museum Hans Egede Church Hans Egede House Kalaaliaraq Market Katuaq Moravian Brethren Friv Com 3 House Nuuk Cathedral Nuuk Center Statue of Hans Egede.. Food portal Companies portal Kingdom of Denmark portal. Merkur Spielautomaten Kostenlos Spielen with apple, avocado and pomegranate See Recipe.. Views Read Edit View history. Our product ranges have something to offer for any Lotto 649 Official Site or seafood lover We strongly believe that social, environmental and financial performance go hand in Royal Greenland. Despite the cold and harsh climate in the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, the sea is teeming with life.. We are excited about cooking with seafood and as we develop new ideas, tips, recipes and new flavor combinations, we will happily share these with other seafood enthusiasts.. Ilulissat Art Museum Ilulissat Icefjord Jakobshavn Glacier Knud Rasmussens Museum Zions Church. Delicious seafood recipes We BoaBoa Casino Bewertung excited ...

Estimating the exact size of the Greenland Sea is based on where the sea actually ends, so all known measurements are estimates, at best. Most reference sources report a surface area near 465,000 sq miles (1,205,000 sq km).. Average depth runs near 1,450 meters (4,750 ft), while the maximum depth of the North Sea is measured at 4,800 meters (16,000 ft).. The very cold East Greenland current flows south and carries icebergs through the Denmark Strait, and on into the Atlantic Ocean. Because of arctic ice, the northern reaches of the sea are seldom navigated by commercial vessels.. ...

Greenlands glaciers are dumping ice into the Atlantic Ocean at an alarming rate, according to a statement by the environmental group Greenpeace on Wednesday.. Increasingly warm temperatures have caused glaciers to melt over time and shed masses of ice that eventually slip into fjords and the sea.. Greenlands Helheim glacier, which is four miles wide and almost one mile thick, moves approximately 25 yards a day, Greenpeace said in a statement.. The group said that is double the speed as when its Arctic Sunrise vessel last took a trip to Greenland in 2005.. Another major glacier in Greenland, Kangerdlugssuaq, is moving even faster. It has been observed moving around 38 yards every day or about 8.5 miles each year, Greenpeace said.. Kangerdlugssuaq Glacier is probably the worlds fastest moving glacier, said Dr. Gordon Hamilton, from the University of Maines Climate Change Institute.. Hamilton is taking part in this years Greenpeace excursion, which is now examining the glaciers north and ...

Fahrs disease or syndrome is a rare inherited or sporadic neurological disorder with a prevalence of less than 1/1,000,000 [1]. Recently, a number of genes have been identified, known to be associated with familial primary brain calcification (PFBC), causing Fahrs disease or syndrome [1]. These genes are SCL20A2, PDGFB, PDGFRB and XPR1, and a significant correlation was found between the presence of headache in PDGFB mutations, and parkinsonism with SLC20A2 [2].. We present the case of a 49-year-old woman with Greenlandic Inuit origin and an otherwise unremarkable medical history. She initially presented with symptoms of headache and diplopia. She was referred to a CT scan of the cerebrum, which showed bilateral calcifications of the thalamus and corpus striatum (Figures 1 and 2) compatible with Fahrs syndrome [1]. Shortly after, the patient developed tremor of the right hand, fatigability especially of her right side, dizziness, and minor cognitive decline.. ...

satellite survey. The Greenland ice sheet could be facing an irreversible decline by the end of the century.. The survey, published in the December 2005 issue of the Journal of Glaciology (www.igsoc.org), combines new satellite mapping of the height of the worlds great ice sheets and previous NASA airborne mapping of the edges of the Greenland sheet - nine years of Antarctic data and 10.5 years from Greenland - to pinpoint where the ice sheets were thinning and where they were growing.. In Greenland, ice losses along the southeastern coast were countered by an increase in ice depth high in the interior, due to heavy snowfall. But other recent studies have shown accelerated losses in parts of Greenland. Last month a NASA study that included observations through 2005 reported a speed-up of ice flow into the sea from several Greenland glaciers. Zwally suggested this may reflect a change in just the last few years, as his survey ended with 2002s data: We dont know how long [gains and losses] ...

Aeromagnetic survey in southern West Greenland: project Aeromag 1999 Thorkild M. Rasmussen and Jeroen A.M. van Gool The acquisition of public airborne geophysical data from Greenland that commenced in

The first dogs arrived in the Americas 12,000 years ago. However, people and their dogs did not settle in the Arctic until the Paleo-Eskimo people 4,500 years ago and then the Thule people 1,000 years ago, both originating from Siberia.[1] Dogs first appeared in Greenland around 4,000 years ago.[2][3] The Inuit dogs from Canada (Canadian Eskimo Dog) and Greenland (Greenland Dog) descended from dogs associated with Thule people, who relied on them for transportation from Siberia. In 2015, a study using a number of genetic markers indicated that these were both the same dog and should not be treated as separate breeds, that they maintain an indigenous heritage that predates colonization and the timing corresponds with the arrival of the Thule people, and that they were distinct from Siberian Huskies, Alaskan Huskies and Malamutes. The maternal mitochondrial DNA sequences of the Inuit dogs were classified as haplotype A31 that indicates a common female ancestor, and this haplotype could not be ...

Off Greenland, and along the Labrador coast, the Greenland sharks tend to approach the surface in winter, often coming right up to the ice. But most of them withdraw in summer to 100 fathoms or deeper. And the few that visit our Gulf appear to hold rather closely to the bottoms of the deeper troughs, though a stray may come so close to the shore now and then, and into water so shoal as to blunder into a fish weir; one such event is on record for Passamaquoddy Bay. This is one of the most sluggish of sharks, offering no resistance whatever when hooked, and it is entirely inoffensive to man.[45] But it is extremely [page 55] rapacious. It devours any carrion eagerly, such as whale meat, blubber from whaling operations, or the carcasses of young seals that are left on the ice off the Newfoundland-Labrador coasts. And its habit of gathering when there has been a big killing of narwhals in Greenland waters is proverbial. Apart from carrion (which cannot be available except on rare occasions), its ...

AllAboutCounseling.coms treatment for addiction directory of Greenland luxury drug rehab programs is your trusted resource to find a top executive drug treatment rehab provider to overcome a drinking problem, end alcohol abuse or substance abuse or get related help.. Each month thousands use our guide to find local inpatient substance abuse recovery facilities in Greenland, New Hampshire by simply browsing our inpatient treatment for addiction center listings, many of which contain ratings and reviews. Helping yourself to put a stop to a binge drinking problem can be just a click or call away!. ...

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A Consolidated PBY-5A Catalina plane, serial 7278, was damaged beyond repair in an accident at Greenland ice cap, Greenland. All seven crew members survived.

Fischer, Hubertus; Wagenbach, Dietmar; Kipfstuhl, Sepp (1998): Nitrate and sulphate in ice core ngt27C94.2 from the North Greenland Traverse. PANGAEA, https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.57295, In supplement to: Fischer, H et al. (1998): Sulfate and nitrate firn concentrations on the Greenland ice sheet: 2. Temporal anthropogenic deposition changes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 103(D17), 21935-21942, https://doi.org/10.1029/98JD01886

The meltwater runoff of the Greenland Ice Sheet has doubled over the last two decades strongly affecting the fjords and coastal shelves around Greenland. Through multidisciplinary research, we aim to understand how ocean-glacier interaction drives the melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet and what the impact of melting glaciers is on the physical oceanography and ecosystems. The long-term research program involves seasonal hydrographic and biogeochemical fieldwork in SW Greenland (Godthåbsfjord and Ameralik) and research cruises in Greenland fjords during the summer months. ...

We have been ringing Greenland White-fronted Geese in west Greenland since 1979, part of a long term study of this population which breeds in West Greenland and winters exclusively in Ireland and Britain. Before 1950, the Whitefront was the only common goose species nesting on the west coast of Greenland. At that time, there were very few Canada Geese records from Greenland at all, but although the species began to increase subsequently, it was still described as a rare and irregular breeding bird confined to the Disko Bay region of West Greenland in the early 1980s. Since then, there has been a spectacular increase in numbers (see Auk 113: 231-233 and Goose Specialist Group Bulletin 7: 23-25) and the species is now a very common breeder on many parts of Disko Island (69·N), the adjacent Nuussuaq Peninsula (70·N) and further north on the Svartenhuk Peninsula (71·N).. In our small study area of Isungua, just north of Søndre Strømfjord airport (67º08N, 50º30W), we first encountered Canada ...

This project will continue operation of the Greenland GPS Network (GNET). GNET has proven highly successful in weighing the Greenland ice sheet by tracking the earths elastic response to changing surface loads. The PIs will extend the life of GNET so that it can continue to sense space-time changes in ice mass, including spatial shifts in the position of the centers of ice loss, and accelerations in mass change rates. GNET is now resolving seasonal oscillations in the vertical and horizontal position of the earths crust as well as longer-term trends. These oscillations reflect seasonal changes in the loads placed on the solid earth by both the atmosphere and the ice sheet. The atmospheric pressure signal can be removed, using state-of-the-art weather models, in order to isolate the signal due to changes in the ice sheet. As part of the pressure analysis, they will also produce a time series of integrated water vapor for each station in GNET, with benefits for weather and climate predictions. ...

The figure below shows the total daily contribution from all points on the ice sheet (top) and the same accumulated from September 1st to now (bottom). The blue curves show this seasons surface mass balance in gigatons (Gt: 1 Gt is one billion tons and corresponds to 1 cubic kilometer of water), and for comparison the mean curves from the historical model run are shown with two standard deviations on either side. Note that the accumulated curve does not end at 0 at the end of the year. Over the year, it snows more than it melts, but calving of icebergs also adds to the total mass budget of the ice sheet. Satellite observations over the last decade show that the ice sheet is not in balance. The calving loss is greater than the gain from surface mass balance, and Greenland is losing mass at the rate of about 200 Gt/yr. ...

Greenland ice core from ~80 m depth. E. Steig photo.. According to a recent paper on the 2012 melt by Nghiem et al., in Geophysical Research Letters, the 19th century event dates to 1889. One has to go back about 700 years to find the next such event, and overall, these are about once-in-250 year events over the last 4000 years. Prior to that, they occur more frequently - about once per century during the mid Holocene climatic optimum, when it was on average much warmer than present in Greenland in summer, due to the peak in Northern Hemisphere insolation due to changes in the earths orbit (Milankovitch forcing). Even during the mid-Holocene, though, there is no evidence from the ice cores that there was sufficient melting to create such strong anomalies in the air content and trace gas concentrations in the ice, as was observed in the Eemian in the NEEM ice. Thus, it was even warmer during Eemian than during the mid Holocene.. How much warmer was it? Jason Box estimates from satellite data ...

Scientists are very worried that the melting of the Greenland ice sheet could accelerate and raise sea levels more than expected. They say warmer conditions are encouraging algae to grow and darken the surface. Dark ice absorbs more solar radiation than clean white ice so warms up and melts more rapidly. Currently the. greenland Read More ...

New research shows that the ice sheet on Greenland contains the nutrient phosphorus, which was carried by the atmosphere across the country, where it fell with precipitation. Studies of the ice core drilling through the kilometers-thick ice sheet shows that there are differences in the amount of phosphorus in warm and cold climate periods. This new knowledge is important for understanding how many nutrients can be expected to flow into the Arctic Ocean when the climate warms and the ice melts and flows into the sea, where nutrients give rise to increased algae growth. The results have been published in the Journal of Geophysical Research.

Another contributor to the melting ice sheets is the warming of the ocean. When ice shelves -- ice still connected to the ice sheet but floating over water -- melt, they also cause the ice sheet to flow faster. In Greenland, the Jakobshavn ice shelf has retreated more than 5 miles since 1992. Rocks and cliffs on the sides of fiords or inlets slow the seaward movement of the ice shelves. If these shelves break up and melt, the ice streams behind them move more rapidly. Ice shelf failures have also occurred on Antarctica where, for example, most of the Larsen B ice shelf disintegrated in March of 2002 and increased the rate of ice stream flow eight times. Water temperature is more important than air temperature in melting the ice shelves, says Alley. However, both contribute. Warmer oceans, caused by general global warming or local events can trigger more breakups of ice shelves and faster flow of ice streams in Antarctica. In Greenland, sustained increase in temperatures of only a few degrees ...

4. Graphics 1. Surface and Bedrock maps Figure 2. Surface topography of the Summit region of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Map by S. Hodge et. al. in review. The S mark at grid position x = +9.4 km and y = +31.2 km marks the true summit of the ice sheet with a position of 37 38 W, 72 34 N. The S mark at grid position x = -18.0 km and y = +31.7 km marks the GISP2 camp and drill site with a position of 38 27 37 W, 72 34 38 N. The dashed lines indicate the nominal flight lines used in the mapping survey. Contour interval = 2 meters. Figure 3. Bed topography of the Summit region of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Map by S. Hodge et. al. in review. The S markers represent the same positions as in Figure 2. Contour interval = 20 meters. Figure 4. Surface topography map of the Summit region of the Greenland Ice Sheet showing full extent of the surface strain net survey. Map by Hodge et. al. in review, positions of geoceivers by John Bolzan. The large + is the true summit (x = +9.4 km and y = +31.2 km ), grid ...

Greenland (Greenlandic: Kalaallit Nunaat; Danish: Grønland) [http://www.greenland.com/] is the worlds largest non-continental island, in the far northeast of North America, largely within the Arctic. Although it is still part of the Kingdom of Denmark, it was granted self-government effective in 1979, more recently it voted for more autonomy, in effect making it a separate country with formal ties to Denmark. Some inhabitants are now projecting the eventual road to independence. Copenhagen remains responsible for its foreign affairs, and of course is a source of investment. The closest neighbouring countries are Iceland to the South-East, Canada to the West and Svalbard in Norway to the North-East.

Alexander, P. M., Tedesco, M., Fettweis, X., van de Wal, R. S. W., Smeets, C. J. P. P., and van den Broeke, M. R.: Assessing spatio-temporal variability and trends in modelled and measured Greenland Ice Sheet albedo (2000-2013), The Cryosphere, 8, 2293-2312, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-2293-2014, 2014. a. Alley, R. B. and Joughin, I.: Modeling Ice-Sheet Flow, Science, 336, 551-552, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1220530, 2012. a. Alvarez-Solas, J., Charbit, S., Ramstein, G., Paillard, D., Dumas, C., Ritz, C., and Roche, D. M.: Millennial-scale oscillations in the Southern Ocean in response to atmospheric CO2 increase, Glob. Planet. Change, 76, 128-136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2010.12.004, 2011a. a. Alvarez-Solas, J., Montoya, M., Ritz, C., Ramstein, G., Charbit, S., Dumas, C., Nisancioglu, K., Dokken, T., and Ganopolski, A.: Heinrich event 1: an example of dynamical ice-sheet reaction to oceanic changes, Clim. Past, 7, 1297-1306, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1297-2011, 2011b. ...

Our minds travel easier than the body. My eyes have never seen East Greenland, but I moved across its white glaciers, turquoise streams, green valleys, and black oceans many times. Reading expedition reports of Peter Freuchen from 1912, I feel north-east Greenland as he climbs with 3 companions and about 50 dogs down an icy…

Our (me, Joel Harper, and Shad ONeel) work on estimating the outlet glacier velocities required for Greenland to deliver a really big sea level rise (we looked at 2 m or more) has been submitted for review, so I dont want to go into a lot of details now. However, the idea is simple, and Ive talked about this much in many presentations this winter: Take the amount of ice you need to get rid of from Greenland to raise sea level 2 m in the next century, reduce it by your best estimate of the amount that would be removed by surface mass balance losses, and try to push the rest out of the aggregate cross-sectional area of Greenlands marine-based outlet glaciers. You learn 2 things: 1) the outlet flow speed has to be *really* high, and 2) the volume required is so large that even generously inflated surface mass balance losses cant touch it.. This is a pretty simple calculation, conceptually anyway. The reason its valuable is that for all the recent discussion of fast dynamic contributions to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Xenoendocrine pollutants May Reduce Size of Sexual Organs in East Greenland Polar Bears (Ursus Maritimus). AU - Sonne, Christian. AU - Leifsson, Pall S.. AU - Dietz, Rune. AU - Born, Erik W.. AU - Letcher, Robert J.. AU - Hyldstrup, Lars. AU - Riget, Frank F.. AU - Kirkegaard, Maja. AU - Muir, Derek C. G.. PY - 2006. Y1 - 2006. U2 - 10.1021/es060836n. DO - 10.1021/es060836n. M3 - Journal article. VL - 40. SP - 5668-5674 (E-pub 16 Aug 2006). JO - Environmental Science & Technology (Washington). JF - Environmental Science & Technology (Washington). SN - 0013-936X. IS - 18. ER - ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Morphological evidence of biofilm formation in Greenlanders with chronic suppurative otitis media. AU - Homøe, Preben. AU - Bjarnsholt, Thomas. AU - Wessman, Marcus. AU - Sørensen, Hans Christian Florian. AU - Johansen, Helle Krogh. PY - 2009/10/1. Y1 - 2009/10/1. N2 - Biofilm may explain the recurrences and recalcitrant episodes of otorrhea in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). This study investigates bacterial biofilm in Greenlanders with CSOM and chronic otitis media with effusion (COME). The study is partly blinded, prospective and retrospective. Six children with CSOM, four children with COME and ten adults with CSOM were included in this study. Cultures were obtained and examined by standard methods. Otorrhea or glue was collected from the children and smears were prepared. Middle ear mucosa biopsies were obtained from the adults. Smears and biopsies were analyzed with microscopy and peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization (PNA-FISH). Biofilm was ...

The Greenland Ice Sheet is losing mass at accelerated rates in the 21st century, making it the largest single contributor to rising sea levels. Faster flow of outlet glaciers has substantially contributed to this loss, with the cause of speedup, and potential for future change, uncertain. Here we combine more than three decades of remotely sensed observational products of outlet glacier velocity, elevation, and front position changes over the full ice sheet. We compare decadal variability in discharge and calving front position and find that increased glacier discharge was due almost entirely to the retreat of glacier fronts, rather than inland ice sheet processes, with a remarkably consistent speedup of 4-5% per km of retreat across the ice sheet. We show that widespread retreat between 2000 and 2005 resulted in a step-increase in discharge and a switch to a new dynamic state of sustained mass loss that would persist even under a decline in surface melt. Glacier retreat is the main process behind

Survey estimates of biomass of Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) in West Greenland waters increased from about 178000 tons in 1998 to about 598000 tons in 2003. The increase in stock size was preceded by several consecutive years in which recruitment was substantially above average. Recruitment has been poor since then despite record high levels of female stock biomass. Ricker type stock-recruitment functions did not indicate that the variability in recruitment was related to female biomass. Multiple regression analysis revealed that mean female length, ambient bottom temperature and biomass of Greenland halibut (Reinhardtius hippoglossoides) had the most important effect on the variations of the recruit per female biomass time series for the years 1993 to 2011. Variables which did not contribute significantly to the model included biomass of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). This can be explained by the low stock size of Atlantic cod throughout the major part of the study period. The final model ...

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The abundance and distribution of shrimp larvae were studied along four transects off West Greenland in June-July 1996. Zooplankton samples and vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, and fluorescence were obtained along the transects in order to relate larval distribution to hydrographical and biological characteristics. Eight species of shrimp larvae occurred in the samples; Pandalus montagui and Pandalus borealis were the most numerous constituting 61 and 29% of the larvae, respectively. Other species of shrimp larvae were, in declining order of abundance, Sabinea septemcarinata, Lebbeus groenlandicus, Spirontocaris spinus, Eualus galmardi, Pontophilus (norvegicus?), and Argis dentata. Pandalus shrimp larval density showed a significant positive association with mean fluorescence (5-80 m), but no association with mean temperature, or densities of copepod eggs and nauplii. However, most larvae were caught in water columns with temperatures and salinities of ~2°C. and ~33 psu, ...

From Egypt to Mongolia and now Greenland, mummies throughout the ages have shown evidence of atherosclerosis. The Greenland mummies were of particular interest due to their diet, which would have primarily consisted of fish and sea mammals.. While increased fish consumption is commonly touted as heart-healthy - which may make the findings of atherosclerosis seem surprising - [associate director of the Brighams Cardiovascular Imaging Program Dr. Ron] Blankstein emphasized that scientists still have much to learn about its relationship to cardiovascular health. For example, although it is known that consuming fish rich in omega-3 fats has benefits, some types of fish can also be high in cholesterol and, in the current era, contain toxins like mercury or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) that may pose risk, he said.. Lifestyle factors, such as exposure to cooking smoke in their dwellings, may have also contributed to the mummified individuals developing cardiovascular disease during their ...

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VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA--(Marketwire - Sept. 29, 2010) - HUDSON RESOURCES INC. (Hudson) (TSX VENTURE:HUD) is pleased to announce that it has completed the second phase of drilling at the Sarfartoq Rare Earth Element (REE) project in Greenland. A total of 3,000m of diamond core drilling was completed on the ST19,...

Reindeer. Humpback whales. Viking vestiges. Discover Greenland and Newfoundland & Labrador, a harshly majestic Arctic outpost not just endured, but embraced by its friendly residents.

Visit Greenland, one of the last pristine places on Earth! Sail around dramatic icebergs in glistening blue waters, with sweeping views of the fjords of Scoresby Sound all around. This 11-day expedition is a photographers dream, filled with enchanting compositions amidst a breathtaking, glacier-carved terrain. Well make daily excursions to the shore to capture the flora and fauna that teems with life in this Arctic landscape. Whether you are a beginner, an amateur or a professional photographer, this incredible trip is bound to be one of a lifetime, taking your photography skills to a whole new level.

Before completing this form please read the event Rules & Regulations and our Terms and Conditions.. Upon receipt of this booking registration form and deposit payment you will receive a confirmation of receipt and will be sent an invoice and links to further information that you must read within 7 days. (This is to comply with Distance Selling regulations and allows you adequate time to cancel this agreement after having read the required information, if you wish). This further information includes rather weighty but very important documents covering our Safety Policy, Risk Assessment & Management Structure, Snowmobile Operations Policy, Environmental Policy, Communications Policy and Dangerous Animals in Greenland. If you wish to download and view any of these documents prior to booking then please contact us.. The Iceman Polar venture is provided by Tangent Expeditions Limited to British Standard BS8848, Specification for the provision of visits, fieldwork, expeditions and adventurous ...

A trial date has been set on weapons charges for a Greenland man who allegedly vowed to shoot at police before going back to jail.

The mobile country code resource guide gives you the Togo mobile code and shows you how to call a Togo cell phone from Greenland.

The mobile country code resource guide gives you the Mauritania mobile code and shows you how to call a Mauritania cell phone from Greenland.

UPDATED, 3:26 p.m.: The man believed to have killed Greenland Police Chief Michael Maloney and shot four other officers was found dead inside his Post Road home around 2 a.m. Friday along with a female acquaintance,.

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Glaciers abound on Greenlands coastline; fed by the Greenland ice sheet, they flow towards the Arctic Ocean. In the northwest, Hiawatha Glacier is located at 78.8 degrees north, 67 degrees west. It emerges from a semi-circular lobe at the ice sheet margin and forms a narrow tongue with a length of 10 kilometres extending onto the ice-free Inglefield Land. Hiawatha Glaciers northern neighbour, the large Humboldt Glacier, is much more widely known. The front of the Humboldt Glacier is over 100 kilometres wide where it flows into the Nares Strait. The TanDEM-X image shows the region around Hiawatha Glacier.. Recently, however, Hiawatha Glacier has received worldwide attention. Some years ago, radar measurements performed as part of NASAs Operation IceBridge, a campaign to monitor changes in the polar ice caps, revealed a circular depression in the ground underneath the ice where Hiawatha Glacier emerges from the ice sheet. Subsequent surveying by an international research team using a more ...

Whilst all of Jan Mayen has a volcanic origin, the main volcano is the beautiful Beerenberg. It is the northernmost active volcano in the world (discounting any beneath sea level) and the 5th highest volcano in Europe. Beerenberg is covered in impressive glaciers, which until recently reached the sea. They are now retreating and only one calving glacier, Weyprecht, remains. The central crater is 1 km wide, is covered in snow, and is the source of the Weyprecht glacier which flows through a breach in the crater wall.. Beerenberg volcano is in fact fairly active. There were eruptions in 1732, 1818, and possibly 1851, and in the 20th century in September 1970 and January 1985. (Wikipedia and other sites mention an eruption in 1973 but this appears to be incorrect.) Ancient eruptions are recorded in the Greenland ice. Earthquakes occur occasionally, including a magnitude 4.8 earlier this year. Fumarole activity in the crater is common, but the central crater is probably blocked by a cold plug, and ...

Chen, R.C. Hale, R.J. Letcher. 2015. Photochemical and microbial transformation of emerging flame retardants in the environment: Cause for concern? Environ Toxicol Chem. - Focus Article. 34:687-699.. R.J. Letcher (corresponding author), Z. Lu, S.G. Chu, K.G. Drouillard, C.H. Marvin, G.D. Haffner, J.J.H. Ciborowski. 2015. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) isomers in sediments from Detroit River and Lake Erie of the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 95:21-36.. Su, R.J. Letcher (corresponding author), D. Crump, D. Gooden, H.M. Stapleton. 2015. In vitro metabolism of flame retardant triphenyl phosphate in chicken embryonic hepatocytes and the importance of the hydroxylation pathway. Environ.Sci. Technol. Lett. 2:100-104.. K.E. Pedersen, N. Basu, R.J. Letcher, C. Sonne, R. Dietz, B. Styrishave. 2015. Brain region-specific perfluoroalkylated sulfonate (PFSA) and carboxylic acid (PFCA) accumulation and neurochemical biomarker responses in East Greenland polar bears ...

Bamber, J.L., Ekholm, S., and Krabill, W. B. 1998. The accuracy of satellite radar altimeter data over the Greenland ice sheet determined from airborne laser data, Geophysical Research Letters. 25(16): 3177-3180.. Bamber, J.L. and R.A. Bindschadler. 1997. An improved elevation dataset for climate and ice-sheet modelling: validation with satellite imagery. Annals of Glaciology 25:438-444.. Bamber, J.L. and P. Huybrechts. 1996. Geometric boundary conditions for modelling the velocity field of the Antarctic ice sheet. Annals of Glaciology 23:364-373.. Bamber, J. and C. Bentley. 1994. A comparison of satellite-altimetry and ice-thickness measurements of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 20:357-364.. Bamber, J. 1994. A digital elevation model of the Antarctic ice sheet derived from ERS-1 altimeter data and comparison with terrestrial measurements. Annals of Glaciology 20:48-54.. Bamber, J. 1994. Ice sheet altimeter processing scheme. International Journal of Remote Sensing ...

Bamber, J.L., Ekholm, S., and Krabill, W. B. 1998. The accuracy of satellite radar altimeter data over the Greenland ice sheet determined from airborne laser data, Geophysical Research Letters. 25(16): 3177-3180.. Bamber, J.L. and R.A. Bindschadler. 1997. An improved elevation dataset for climate and ice-sheet modelling: validation with satellite imagery. Annals of Glaciology 25:438-444.. Bamber, J.L. and P. Huybrechts. 1996. Geometric boundary conditions for modelling the velocity field of the Antarctic ice sheet. Annals of Glaciology 23:364-373.. Bamber, J. and C. Bentley. 1994. A comparison of satellite-altimetry and ice-thickness measurements of the Ross Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Annals of Glaciology 20:357-364.. Bamber, J. 1994. A digital elevation model of the Antarctic ice sheet derived from ERS-1 altimeter data and comparison with terrestrial measurements. Annals of Glaciology 20:48-54.. Bamber, J. 1994. Ice sheet altimeter processing scheme. International Journal of Remote Sensing ...

The expedition members visited several research sites in Greenland as part of an initiative to foster enhanced international scientific cooperation between the countries. The expedition members spent several days learning about the research conducted in Greenland, the logistics involved in supporting the research, and gained first-hand experience conducting experiments and developing inquiry-based educational activities.. This years work builds on past expeditions and is supported by the National Science Foundation. The project was developed through cooperation with the U.S.-Denmark-Greenland Joint Committee, which was established in 2004 to broaden and deepen cooperation among the United States, the Kingdom of Denmark, and Greenland.. The program has two components ...

Saxifraga nathorstii flowers, close-up. This Arctic plant is a natural hybrid between two other saxifrage species, S. oppositifolia and S. aizoides. It is a polyploid plant, having doubled the number of its chromosomes after hybridization. Such doubling allows a sterile hybrid to become fertile by permitting the correct pairing of chromosomes during meiosis (the formation of sex cells). Polyploidy is an important evolutionary mechanism as it allows the immediate formation of new species. Photographed on Clavering Island in North East Greenland National Park, Greenland. - Stock Image B760/0438

Eastern Atlantic: off eastern Greenland and from the English Channel to the coast of Murmansk. Western Atlantic: southern Labrador in Canada and western Greenland to Rhode Island in USA (Ref. 7251). Two subspecies were recognized, H. p. platessoides from northwestern Atlantic, and H. p. limandoides from the northeastern Atlantic (Ref. 51668 ...

According to the Glossary of Glacier Mass Balance and Related Terms, a glacier is a perennial mass of ice, and possibly firn and snow, originating on the land surface by the recrystallization of snow or other forms of solid precipitation and showing evidence of past or present flow (Cogley et al., 2011).. Glaciers form in locations where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often decades or centuries. On Earth, 99% of glacial ice is contained within vast ice sheets in polar regions (primarily the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets), but glaciers may be found in mountain ranges of every continent except Australia. In the tropics, glaciers occur only at high elevations ...

Inuit Odyssey follows Canadian Arctic anthropologist Niobe Thompson as he takes us on a visually stunning journey across the North, tracing the origins of the modern Inuit. In a circumpolar expedition stretching from the ancient hearth of Thule culture in Siberia to the final battleground of the Thule and the Norse in Greenland, Inuit Odyssey explores the mysteries of the Thule conquest of the Arctic. Along the way, Thompson makes some startling new scientific discoveries and challenges our stereotypes of the peaceful Eskimo by shedding new light on the first meeting of Asiatic and European settlers in the New World. -CBC Canada. This short-ish (42 minute) documentary explorers the spread of the Tuuli/Inuit from Eastern Siberia, across Alaska and Canada, and eventually to Greenland during the last period of relative global warming. It touches on the importance of specialized knowledge required to hunt specific animals, and how that changes during migrations. The Tuuli migrated away from ...

The bowhead whale also has a circumpolar Arctic distribution. It is a large, baleen whale (Mysticete) that can reach a length of 20 m and a weight of 75 tonnes. Two populations are recognized in the Canadian Arctic, which are separated by physical barriers (land and impassable ice). The Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort population summers in the Canadian Beaufort Sea, along the south and west coasts of Banks Island and west of Tuktoyaktuk Peninsula, as well as in Amundsen Gulf. In winter, the population is distributed in the western and central Bering Sea (additional information available here). The Eastern Canada-Western Greenland population summer in western Baffin Bay, the Canadian High Arctic, northern Foxe Basin, and northwestern Hudson Bay. Wintering occurs in areas with unconsolidated pack ice such as northern Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, central Davis Strait, southern Baffin Bay, and off West Greenland (see the Species at Risk page for details). In recent years, the reduction of the summer ice has ...

Variation in fitness between individuals in populations may be attributed to differing environmental conditions experienced among birth (or hatch) years (i.e., between cohorts). In this study, we tested whether cohort fitness could also be explained by environmental conditions experienced in years post-hatch, using 736 lifelong resighting histories of Greenland white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons flavirostris) marked in their first winter. Specifically, we tested whether variation in age at first successful reproduction, the size of the first successful brood and the proportion of successful breeders by cohort was explained by environmental conditions experienced on breeding areas in west Greenland during hatch year, those in adulthood prior to successful reproduction and those in the year of successful reproduction, using North Atlantic Oscillation indices as proxies for environmental conditions during these periods ...

Supraglacial lakes - bodies of water that collect on the surface of the Greenland ice sheet - lubricate the bottom of the sheet when they drain, causing it to flow faster. Differences in how the lakes drain can impact glacial movements speed and direction, researchers from The City College of New York (CCNY), University of Cambridge and Los Alamos National Laboratory report in Environmental Research Letters.. Knowledge of the draining mechanisms allows us to improve our understanding of how surface melting can impact sea-level rise, not only through the direct contribution of meltwater from the surface, but also through the indirect contribution on the mass loss through ice dynamics, says Dr. Marco Tedesco, the principal investigator and lead author. Dr. Tedesco is an associate professor in CCNYs Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at CCNY and is currently serving as temporary program director for the National Science Foundations Polar Cyberinfrastructure Program. The research ...

Scientists using simulation found that the Eurasian ice sheet, which is 20 thousand years ago covered all the Northern part of Eurasia, disappeared in less than 500 years. This glacier is the size comparable to the modern West Antarctic ice shield, so the experts will be able to adjust their forecasts about the melting of the ice of Antarctica and raising the level of the World ocean: these events can happen in the next hundred years. The results of a study published in the journal Nature Geoscience.. 20 thousand years ago the entire Northern part of Eurasia covered by the Eurasian ice sheet, three times surpassing the size of the modern ice sheet of Greenland. Later, 13,5-14,7 thousand years ago, there was a period of a rapid rise in ocean levels due to melting glaciers, which represent Meltwater Pulse 1A (themeltwater pulse 1A, MWP1a). The Global sea level at that time rose to 40-60 mm per year and eventually rose to tens of meters. Meltwater flowed into the ocean from glaciers, but what ...

Dogs were present in pre-Columbian America, presumably brought by early human migrants from Asia. Studies of free-ranging village/street dogs have indicated almost total replacement of these original dogs by European dogs, but the extent to which Arctic, North and South American breeds are descendants of the original population remains to be assessed. Using a comprehensive phylogeographic analysis, we traced the origin of the mitochondrial DNA lineages for Inuit, Eskimo and Greenland dogs, Alaskan Malamute, Chihuahua, xoloitzcuintli and perro sín pelo del Peru, by comparing to extensive samples of East Asian (n = 984) and European dogs (n = 639), and previously published pre-Columbian sequences. Evidence for a pre-Columbian origin was found for all these breeds, except Alaskan Malamute for which results were ambigous. No European influence was indicated for the Arctic breeds Inuit, Eskimo and Greenland dog, and North/South American breeds had at most 30% European female lineages, suggesting ...

This project will drill and recover a new ice core from South Pole, Antarctica. The South Pole ice core will be drilled to a depth of 1500 m, providing an environmental record spanning approximately 40 kyrs. This core will be recovered using a new intermediate drill, which is under development by the U.S. Ice Drilling Design and Operations (IDDO) group in collaboration with Danish scientists. The intellectual merit of the work is that the analysis of stable isotopes, atmospheric gases, and aerosol-borne chemicals in polar ice has provided unique information about the magnitude and timing of changes in climate and climate forcing through time. The international ice core research community has articulated the goal of developing spatial arrays of ice cores across Antarctica and Greenland, allowing the reconstruction of regional patterns of climate variability in order to provide greater insight into the mechanisms driving climate change. The broader impacts of the project include obtaining the ...

Alaska on Madison is a gallery of indigenous Northern art run by collectors for collectors. For more than 30 years, our principal areas of interest have been Inuit art, Northwest Coast art, 19th century Alaskan artifacts, and Old Bering Sea artifacts, but we also offer selected items of other Native American art and jewelry.

The first traversal of the Northwest Passage via dog sled[56] was accomplished by Greenlander Knud Rasmussen while on the Fifth Thule Expedition (1921-1924). Rasmussen and two Greenland Inuit travelled from the Atlantic to the Pacific over the course of 16 months via dog sled.[57] Canadian Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer Henry Larsen was the second to sail the passage, crossing west to east, leaving Vancouver on June 23, 1940 and arriving at Halifax on October 11, 1942. More than once on this trip, he was uncertain whether St. Roch, a Royal Canadian Mounted Police ice-fortified schooner, would survive the pressures of the sea ice. At one point, Larsen wondered if we had come this far only to be crushed like a nut on a shoal and then buried by the ice. The ship and all but one of her crew survived the winter on Boothia Peninsula. Each of the men on the trip was awarded a medal by Canadas sovereign, King George VI, in recognition of this feat of Arctic navigation.[58] Later in 1944, ...

While exporting icebergs may seem like a novel idea, there was actually a bustling ice trade in the nineteenth century. Ice was cut from rivers and lakes in places like the U.S. and Norway for use in refrigerating products like meat, fish, and produce, and later to keep cities like New York and Philadelphia cool during their hot, humid summers. The Library of Congress has archival films such as these of ice being cut and then housed. Even well before the nineteenth century, smaller networks of ice trade existed with ice being taken down from mountain ranges such as the Alps, Andes, and Himalayas for use at lower elevations in making everything from ice cream to cool drinks. The Mughals employed horses to carry down ice from the Hindu Kush for use in frozen desserts, while the Persians engineered yakhchal, or ice houses, to store ice brought down from nearby snow-capped peaks for their frosty fruit ices and syrups ...

Hunting polar bears in the Arctic has become a popular extreme sport for the wealthy.. For $35,000, trophy-hunters can spend 14 days in the frozen wastelands of northern Canada, accompanied by dog-sleds, Inuit guides and heated tents.. Despite the widely-reported threat to polar bears from climate change as Arctic sea ice melts away, it is legal to hunt them for sport in Canada.. The Pond Inlet hunt, run by Adventure Northwest in Yellowknife, sees the hunters shoot the bear, usually behind the leg. They give the bears body parts to the Inuits and the hunter is able to take its hide home.. The companys founder, Boyd Warner, 45, defended the hunts, saying clients respect the bears enormously and that the quota of bears hunted are going to get killed one way or another because the Inuits depend on them for winter food.. Canada is one of five countries that are home to polar bears, but three others - America, Greenland and Russia - restrict the killing of the creatures to a quota solely for ...

The geographical limits of the Arctic need to be explicitly defined in an ANWFZ. The traditional definitions of the region should be taken into account. Adjacent seas, sea beds, continental shelves, disputed territories, international waters, and airspace should all be covered by the treaty. Oran Young writes that the Arctic encompasses, Alaska (except for the area known as the Southeast); the Yukon and Northwest Territories, northern Quebec, and all of Labrador in Canada; all of Greenland; Iceland, the northern counties of Norway, Sweden, and Finland (known collectively as Fennoscandia); and all of what the Russians treat as the Arctic and the Russian North [as well as] the marine systems of the Arctic Ocean and its adjacent seas, including the Bering, Chukchi, Beaufort, Greenland and Norwegian, Barents, Kara, Laptev, and East Siberian Seas.[83] Using this definition, the Arctic comprises 8% or 40 million square kilometres of the earths surface, but less than 1% of the worlds ...

The expansion in mackerels summer distribution range was concurrent with the more than doubling of stock size. Directions of expansion were constrained by availability of preferred temperature (9-13°C) preventing mackerel from expanding into the cold polar waters of the Greenland Sea and instead expanding westward, in warm Atlantic waters, along the south coast of Iceland towards Greenland. Mesozooplankton abundance​ within habitats of preferred temperature was also a factor in mackerel distribution. Distribution retraction in recent years coincides with a declining stock size but is not concurrent with changes in temperature or prey abundance. It is not understood why mackerel distribution in the westward area has drastically retracted compared to mackerel distribution in the Norwegian Sea. In 2019, temperature in the westward area was within the range preferred by mackerel, mesozooplankton abundance was similar or higher compare to years when ​mackerel was abundant in the area, and ...

Day two is a relative term in this case because we didnt actually sleep until the end of our day in Iceland, but we definitely took advantage of our waking hours. When we flew into Reykjavik, it was pitch black so we didnt get to enjoy the island from above. Wed heard about the gorgeous flat views and otherworldly volcanic rock, but we had no idea just how beautiful this country would be. After spending several hours in the airport coffeehouse lounge, we gathered our small amount of luggage

An emission intensity is the emission rate of a given pollutant relative to the intensity of a specific activity, or an industrial production process; for example grams of carbon dioxide released per megajoule of energy produced, or the ratio of greenhouse gas emissions produced to gross domestic product (GDP). Emission intensities are used to derive estimates of air pollutant or greenhouse gas emissions …. Get Price ...

Air Iceland (www.airiceland.is) and Eagle Air (www.eagleair.is) run domestic services to all major airports within Iceland from Reykjavíks city airport, linking up with air or bus connections in over 40 towns. They also fly to Greenland and the Faroe Islands.If youre in Iceland for a short amount of time, flying can be a great way to see the different areas of the country and it doesnt have to be expensive. You can take a bus one way and fly the other; this mode of transport also allows you to see the country by air, which can be singularly dramatic. Both internal airlines offer day tours of the country as well as day trips, guided tours and scheduled flights. You need a passport to travel to Greenland or the Faroe Islands from Iceland.Car hire services are available from Reykjavík, Akureyri and many other towns. Speed limits are 50kph (31mph) in urban areas, while outside towns they are 90kph (56mph) on paved roads and 80kph (50mph) on gravel roads. Driving under the influence of alcohol ...

DVD design: THE LAST MINUTE has a wealth of special features that can be accessed two ways: by clicking on the question mark icon or by clicking on another button that leads you to another menu. THE LAST MINUTE has menu upon menu where you can access some special features or access the next menu. Each menu takes you to a different place in the movie. Some menus are linked by clips from the movie (played out like a bad TV transmission) while two menus are set up like website pages (for Greenland and Iceland). The menus have an animated design to them from the black dog running towards you in an alley, a dancing S&M freak in Prosthesis, Grimshanks looking at you, and a video clip playing in the Greenland and Iceland website menus. there were some problems I did experience while accessing the Character Tree that paused the menu (and I had to hit play which played the cast/crew bios). Despite that one flaw that popped up while playing it on my DVD player, I have to say THE LAST MINUTE is the best ...

Little is written in textbooks of medical history about Nansen, who is better known as the Norwegian who founded modern polar exploration. His contributions were in many spheres. Nansen was an invertebrate zoologist who in 1882 was appointed curator of zoology at the Bergen museum. He stayed in Bergen for 5 years, focusing his interests on the neuroanatomy of marine invertebrates. For one of his papers The structure and combination of histological elements of the central nervous system (1887), the university in Kristiana conferred upon him the degree of doc- tor of philosophy. His dissertation contained so many novel interpretations that the examination committee accepted it with reluctance, but the work is now considered a classic. Two days after his dissertation was accepted Nansen was on his way to Greenland. He crossed Greenland on skis during 1888-1889. Nansen was appointed professor of zoology at the University of Oslo in 1887 and in oceanography in 1908. On the basis of his research on ...

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