TY - JOUR. T1 - Diphtheria toxin fused to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and Ara-C exert synergistic toxicity against human AML HL-60 cells. AU - Kim, Caryn N.. AU - Bhalla, Kapil. AU - Kreitman, Robert J.. AU - Willingham, Mark C.. AU - Hall, Philip. AU - Tagge, Edward P.. AU - Jia, Tao. AU - Frankel, Authur E.. PY - 1999/6/1. Y1 - 1999/6/1. N2 - Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor fused to truncated diphtheria toxin (DT388-GM-CSF) sensitized wild-type and Bcl2- overexpressing HL60 human leukemia cells to intoxication by Ara-C based on proliferation and clonogenic assays. The toxin/drug combination showed dramatic synergistic toxicity with combination indices of , 0.1. Synergy was not seen with two other protein synthesis inhibiting drugs - ricin and cycloheximide nor with GMCSF alone: No changes in Ara-C incorporation into cellular DNA or cell cycle occupancy were seen. As compared to exposure to DT388-GM-CSF or Ara-C alone, co-treatment produced ...

Full Text - The success rate of assisted reproductive technology is closely correlated with maternal age. Reproductive aging pathologies are frequently caused by impaired DNA repair, genomic instability, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Several reports have shown that resveratrol can prevent age-related diseases by improving mitochondrial function. Improved blastocyst development and mitochondrial output by dichloroacetic acid (DCA) supplementation were reported in aged mice. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has significant effects on implantation rates in women with previous miscarriages. Therefore, this study was conducted to observe how those compounds influence the developmental and the reproductive potential of aged oocytes. BDF1 female mice at 58–62 weeks old were used for this study. MII oocytes were fertilized and cultured in MRC media supplemented with or without resveratrol (0.5 μM), GM-CSF (2 ng/ml) or DCA (1.0 mM). The addition of resveratrol, GM-CSF or

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Mapping the intracytoplasmic regions of the α granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor necessary for cell growth regulation. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

Title: Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in the Mechanism of Human Ovulation and its Clinical Usefulness. VOLUME: 15 ISSUE: 6. Author(s):T. Waseda, H. Tomizawa, R. Fujii, S. Makinoda and N. Hirosaki. Affiliation:Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,Kanazawa Medical University, Uchinada, 920-0293 Japan.. Keywords:human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), clomiphene, luteinized unruptured follicle (LUF), cytokine, granulocyte, leukocyte, ovulation, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Abstract: In 1980, Espey proposed a famous hypothesis that mammalian ovulation is comparable to an inflammatory reaction and many researches have proved the validity of his hypothesis in the last three decades. For example, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and other inflammatory cytokines presence was proven in the preovulatory follicle. Since granulocyte is the major ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Neutralization of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor decreases amyloid beta 1-42 and suppresses microglial activity in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimers disease. AU - Manczak, Maria. AU - Mao, Peizhong. AU - Nakamura, Kazuhiro. AU - Bebbington, Christopher. AU - Park, Byung. AU - Reddy, P. Hemachandra. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - The purpose of our study was to investigate microglia and astrocytes that are associated with human mutant amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta (Aβ). We investigated whether the anti-granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antibody can suppress microglial activity and decrease Aβ production in Alzheimers disease transgenic mice (Tg2576 line). An antibody to mouse GM-CSF was introduced by intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections into the brains of 10-month-old Tg2576 male mice. We assessed the effect of several GM-CSF-associated cytokines on microglial activities and their association with Aβ using ...

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the cord blood levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in preterm infants and to study the relationship of these levels to pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and absolute neutrophil counts.. STUDY DESIGN: G-CSF and GM-CSF levels in the cord blood of preterm neonates (n = 74) either with or without maternal PIH were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.. RESULTS: Infants in the PIH group had lower white blood cell, absolute neutrophil, absolute lymphocyte, and monocyte counts. The levels of G-CSF in cord blood were significantly lower in infants whose mothers had PIH (P =.04) and in infants with neutropenia (P =. 01). G-CSF levels were positively correlated with both absolute neutrophil count (P =.02) and total white blood cell count (P =.01). GM-CSF was undetectable in all subjects. According to logistic regression with neutropenia as the dependent variable, only maternal PIH (P ...

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a syndrome characterised by respiratory failure caused by pulmonary surfactant accumulation and resulting in respiratory insuiciency and an increased incidence of infections.[1] The current standard therapy is whole-lung lavage, which is used to physically remove the accumulated surfactant.[2] PAP can be grouped into distinct categories based on clinical, histopathological, biochemical and genetic data.[3]. Surfactant homeostasis is critical for lung function and is tightly regulated, in part by pulmonary granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is required for surfactant clearance by alveolar macrophages and alveolar macrophage maturation[4] The effects of GM-CSF are mediated by cell-surface receptors composed of GM-CSF-binding a-chains and affinity-enhancing β-chains (encoded by CSF2RA and CSF2RB, respectively)[4] Primary PAP occurs when GM-CSF signalling is disrupted[3] either on an auto-immune basis, where high levels of ...

Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) modulates the function of mature neutrophils by priming for enhanced chemotaxis and oxidative metabolism in response to N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (f-Met-Leu-Phe). Our studies establish a relationship between f-Met-Leu-Phe receptor number and affinity and neutrophil chemotaxis and oxidative metabolism. A brief (5- to 15-min) exposure to physiologic concentrations of GM-CSF (10 pM to 100 pM) enhances f-Met-Leu-Phe-induced neutrophil chemotaxis by 85%, correlating with a rapid threefold increase (46,000/cell to 150,000/cell) in high-affinity neutrophil f-Met-Leu-Phe receptors. More prolonged incubation (1 to 2 hr) of neutrophils with GM-CSF is accompanied by a change to low-affinity f-Met-Leu-Phe receptors (Kd = 29 nM to Kd = 99 nM) concomitant with priming for enhanced neutrophil oxidative metabolism. Moreover, enhanced chemotactic responses to f-Met-Leu-Phe are no longer evident after more prolonged incubation of ...

GM-CSF Receptor Alpha Sf9 Human Recombinant, Colony Stimulating Factor 2 Receptor Alpha Subunit, Colony Stimulating Factor 2 Receptor, Alpha, Low-Affinity (Granulocyte-Macrophage), Alpha-GM-CSF Receptor, GM-CSF-R-Alpha, CD116 Antigen, GMCSFR-Alpha, GMR-Alpha, CDw116, CSF2RY, CSF2R, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor Subunit Alpha, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor Alpha Chain, GM-CSF Receptor Alpha Subunit, AlphaGMR, CSF2RAX, CSF2RAY, CSF2RX, GMCSFR, CD116, SMDP4, GMR.

Abbkine Scientific has announced the launch of its new kit, the EliKine™ Mouse GM-CSF ELISA Kit otherwise known as EliKine™ GMCSF Mouse ELISA Kit. The launch of the product reiterates the companys commitment to enhancing research and investigation in the field of life science.. The product has a Mouse reactivity, employing a two-site sandwich ELISA to quantitate CSF2 in samples. With colorimetric detection method and assay duration with multiple steps standard sandwich ELISA assay with a working time of 3-5 hours, the kit stands tall amongst its peers on the market.. The featured kit includes Mouse GM-CSF microplate, Mouse GM-CSF standard, Mouse GM-CSF detect antibody, EliKine™ Streptavidin-HRP, Standard diluent, Assay buffer, HRP substrate, Stop solution, Wash buffer and Plate covers.. The major feature and benefit of the EliKine™ Mouse GM-CSF ELISA Kit besides having a calibration range of 7.8 pg/mL-500 pg/mL is its high sensitivity and excellent specificity for detection of Mouse ...

Neutrophils have long been suspected to be involved in the pathophysiology of SCD. The absolute neutrophil count is higher in SCD patients in steady-state than in ethnicity-matched healthy controls and is positively correlated with SCD severity.27 A high leukocyte count is also a risk factor for early death, acute chest syndrome (ACS), hemorrhagic stroke and sickle nephropathy.3128 Conversely, decreased neutrophil count may have positive effects, as suggested by a report of an alleviated SCD phenotype in a patient with associated congenital neutropenia who experienced the first episodes of VOC after the introduction of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to treat neutropenia.32 Thus, G-CSF and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) should be strictly avoided in SCD patients because myeloid growth factors are responsible for VOC and ACS.3433 Hydroxyurea may have clinical benefit for SCD patients even in the absence of elevated fetal hemoglobin (HbF) level, but a ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - How long after neutrophil recovery should myeloid growth factors be continued in autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients?. AU - Verma, A.. AU - Pedicano, J.. AU - Trifilio, S.. AU - Singhal, S.. AU - Tallman, M.. AU - Winter, J.. AU - Williams, S.. AU - Gordon, L.. AU - Monreal, J.. AU - Mehta, J.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Auxiliary Board of the Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Copyright: Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2004/4. Y1 - 2004/4. N2 - Growth factors are routinely used after autotransplantation to accelerate hematopoietic recovery, and are continued until the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is ≥0.5 × 109/l on 3 consecutive days. Since ANC often increases to very high levels with this strategy, we discontinued growth factor on the first day ANC reached 0.5 × 109/l in 45 patients (Study Group), and compared their subsequent ANC to 108 historic controls who received growth factor longer. ...

Looking for online definition of Multipotential colony-stimulating factor in the Medical Dictionary? Multipotential colony-stimulating factor explanation free. What is Multipotential colony-stimulating factor? Meaning of Multipotential colony-stimulating factor medical term. What does Multipotential colony-stimulating factor mean?

Looking for online definition of colony-stimulating factor in the Medical Dictionary? colony-stimulating factor explanation free. What is colony-stimulating factor? Meaning of colony-stimulating factor medical term. What does colony-stimulating factor mean?

Human osteoclast formation from monocyte precursors under the action of receptor activator of nuclear factor-{kappa}B ligand (RANKL) was suppressed by granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), with down-regulation of critical osteoclast-related nuclear factors. GM-CSF in the presence of RANKL and macrophage colony-stimulating factor resulted in mononuclear cells that were negative for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and negative for bone resorption. CD1a, a dendritic cell marker, was expressed in GM-CSF, RANKL, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor-treated cells and absent in osteoclasts. Microarray showed that the CC chemokine, monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), was profoundly repressed by GM-CSF. Addition of MCP-1 reversed GM-CSF suppression of osteoclast formation, recovering the bone resorption phenotype. MCP-1 and chemokine RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) permitted formation of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells in the ...

therapy.. In addition, intralesional therapy with either of two cytokines-namely, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, Leukine)1 and interleukin-2 (IL-2, Proleukin)2-each gave promising results, but they were never used sequentially or in combination. Intralesional therapy with GM-CSF can increase the number and activation of dendritic cells,3 which are very efficient antigen-presenting cells that are capable of processing tumor antigens and crosstalk to lymphocytes. On the other hand, IL-2 administration can stimulate and activate tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, which can result in the induction of cytotoxic T cells. Therefore, we felt that sequential intralesional administration of intralesional GM-CSF followed by IL-2 might complement one another, using the patients own tumor as a source for tumor antigens.. Exploratory Study. In an exploratory study in patients with dermal and subdermal metastatic melanoma, we explored the use of intra lesional therapy with low-dose ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Inhaled granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor for first pulmonary recurrence of osteosarcoma. T2 - Effects on disease-free survival and immunomodulation. A report from the Childrens Oncology Group. AU - Arndt, Carola A.S.. AU - Koshkina, Nadya V.. AU - Inwards, Carrie Y.. AU - Hawkins, Douglas S.. AU - Krailo, Mark D.. AU - Villaluna, Doojduen. AU - Anderson, Peter M.. AU - Goorin, Allen M.. AU - Blakely, Martin L.. AU - Bernstein, Mark. AU - Bell, Sharon A.. AU - Ray, Kaylee. AU - Grendahl, Darryl C.. AU - Marina, Neyssa. AU - Kleinerman, Eugenie S.. PY - 2010/8/1. Y1 - 2010/8/1. N2 - Purpose: Osteosarcoma most commonly recurs in the lung. Based on preliminary data on the antitumor effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in animal models, and promising phase I trials, we embarked on a feasibility study of inhaled GM-CSF in patients with first isolated pulmonary recurrence of osteosarcoma. Experimental Design: Forty-three eligible patients ...

Recently, dendritic cells (DC) transfected with tumor RNA have been used as a cancer vaccine. The efficacy of a cancer vaccine using DC transfected tumor RNA was examined. Of particular interest was whether a vaccine using DC transfected with recrudescent tumor RNA is effective for the treatment of a regrowing tumor after prior immunotherapy. In addition, the usefulness of co-transfection of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) mRNA to augment the DC vaccine was examined. CT26 tumor-bearing mice were immunized by s.c. injection with DC transfected with CT26 mRNA (DC-CT26). The cytotoxic activity against CT26 in mice immunized with DC-CT26 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P , 0.001) and was augmented by GM-CSF mRNA co-transfection (P , 0.05), resulting in remarkable therapeutic efficacy in CT26 s.c. tumor models. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes induced by the vaccination using DC transfected with mRNA from the recrudescent tumor showed a potent cytotoxicity ...

It is well appreciated that obtaining sufficient numbers of primary microglia for in vitro experiments has always been a challenge for scientists studying the biological properties of these cells. Supplementing culture medium with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) partially alleviates this problem by increasing microglial yield. However, GM-CSF has also been reported to transition microglia into a dendritic cell (DC)-like phenotype and consequently, affect their immune properties. Although the concentration of GM-CSF used in our protocol for mouse microglial expansion (0.5 ng/ml) is at least 10-fold less compared to doses reported to affect microglial maturation and function (≥ 5 ng/ml), in this study we compared the responses of microglia derived from mixed glial cultures propagated in the presence/absence of low dose GM-CSF to establish whether this growth factor significantly altered the immune properties of microglia to diverse bacterial stimuli. These stimuli included the

Polyclonal autoantibodies against human GM-CSF (granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor) are a hallmark of PAP (pulmonary alveolar proteinosis) and several other reported autoimmune diseases. MB007 is a high-affinity anti-(human GM-CSF) autoantibody isolated from a patient suffering from PAP which shows only modest neutralization of GM-CSF bioactivity. We describe the first crystal structure of a cytokine-directed human IgG1λ autoantibody-binding fragment (Fab) at 1.9 Å (1 Å=0.1 nm) resolution. Its CDR3-H substantially differs from all VH7 germline IgG1 structures reported previously. We derive a reliable model of the antigen-autoantibody complex by using NMR chemical shift perturbation data in combination with computational methods. Superposition of the modelled complex structure with the human GM-CSF-GM-CSF ternary receptor complex reveals only little overlap between receptor and Fab when bound to GM-CSF. Our model provides a structural basis for understanding the mode of action of ...

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and macrophages play an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently, it is not clear whether inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 predominate among the resident macrophages in the synovium. In the present study, we set out to investigate the impact of TLR stimulation on monocyte-derived M1 and M2 macrophage function and phenotype by mimicking the exposure to abundant TLR agonists as occurs in the context of RA. The response of macrophage subsets to TLR2 and TLR4 activation was evaluated on cluster of differentiation (CD) marker profile; cytokine secretion; gene expression; and NF-κB, interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 (IRF3/7), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. Human monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy individuals and patients with RA and differentiated into M1-like and M2-like macrophages by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), respectively.

1. In patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, use of twice daily inhaled granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) did not improve

These studies demonstrate that GM-CSF is a neutrophil chemotactic agent. The concentration of GM-CSF needed to achieve maximal chemotaxis is comparable to that of the potent neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8 and less than the other known chemoattractants that we studied. We believe that GM-CSF induction of neutrophil chemotaxis has been previously unrecognized because the stimulatory effect occurs in a narrow range of concentrations (Fig. 3⇑A) and requires an extended incubation interval of at least 30 min. Results reported by Harakawa et al. (44) agreed with our finding that GM-CSF produces an early stimulation of neutrophil chemokinesis, but observations were not reported past 15 min, which may have been insufficient to recognize an effect on chemotaxis. Other earlier studies provided contradictory data on the effect of GM-CSF on neutrophil migration. In a checkerboard assay using polycarbonate filters, Wang et al. (45) demonstrated that GM-CSF induced chemotaxis in neutrophils, while Kharazmi ...

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor is a cytokine that stimulates proliferation and differentiation of phagocytic cells. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor is produced by ovarian epithelial cancer cell lines and might provide a useful serum marker for the disease. Among sera from 69 patients with …

HIV-infected persons are at risk for HBV co-infection which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, protective immunity following HBV vaccination in HIV-infected persons is poor. This randomized, phase II, open-label study aimed to evaluate efficacy and safety of 40 mcg HBV vaccine with or without 250 mcg GM-CSF administered at day 0, weeks 4 and 12. HIV-infected individuals ,or=18 years of age, CD4 count ,or=200 cells/mm(3), seronegative for HBV and HCV, and naïve to HBV vaccination were eligible. Primary endpoints were quantitative HBsAb titers and adverse events. The study enrolled 48 subjects. Median age and baseline CD4 were 41 years and 446 cells/mm(3), 37 were on ART, and 26 subjects had undetectable VL. Vaccination was well tolerated. Seven subjects in the GM-CSF arm reported transient grade ,or=2 signs/symptoms (six grade 2, one grade 3), mostly aches and nausea. GM-CSF had no significant effect on VL or CD4. Four weeks after vaccination, 26 subjects (59%) ...

MP-AzeFlu, intranasal formulation of azelastine hydrochloride (AZE) and fluticasone propionate (FP), is superior to AZE or FP alone for treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the precise anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of MP-AzeFlu has not been characterized. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of MP-AzeFlu compared with AZE or FP alone in an established in vitro model of eosinophilic inflammation. Nasal mucosal epithelial cells and peripheral blood eosinophils were obtained from human volunteers. Epithelial cells were stimulated with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) in the presence of MP-AzeFlu, AZE, or FP (1:102 to 1:105 dilution). Concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were measured by ELISA. Eosinophils were incubated in 10% human epithelial cell-conditioned medium (HECM) and survival assessed by trypan blue dye exclusion. Results are expressed as mean ± SEM percentage secretion/survival compared with FBS/HECM

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Identification of the soluble granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor receptor protein in vivo and development of a soluable model of the high affinity cell surface receptor for granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating ...

DNA binding protein A (dbpA) belongs to the Y-box binding protein family, characterized by an 80 amino-acid cold shock domain that imparts DNA-binding activity. It is also known as cold shock domain protein A (CSDA), CSDA1, ZO-1-associated nucleic acid-binding protein (ZONAB), and single-strand DNA-binding protein NF-GMB. DbpA has been reported to bind to the promoter for granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and act as a repressor of transcription. It also binds to full-length mRNA and small RNAs containing the consensus site UCCAUCA, suggesting a role as a repressor of translation. Mutations in the CSDA gene have been associated with hepatocarcinogenesis.. ...

Several laboratories have developed culture systems that allow the generation of large numbers of human dendritic cells (DC) from monocytes using granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and interleukin-4 (IL-4). In this work we provided evidence that GM-CSF (100 ng/ml) in combination with a low concentration of IL-4 (5 ng/ml) was efficient in the generation of immature, non-adherent, monocyte-derived DC as the same concentration of GM-CSF, and ten times higher concentration of IL-4 (50 ng/ml). This conclusion was based on the similar phenotype profile of DC such as the expression of CD1a, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR, down-regulation of CD14, and the absence of CD83, as well as on their similar allostimulatory activity for T cells. A higher number of cells remained adherent in cultures with lower concentrations of IL-4 than in cultures with higher concentrations of the cytokine. However, most of these adherent cells down-regulated CD14 and stimulated the proliferation of ...

Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a growth factor for white blood cells. It induces stem cells to make granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells) and monocytes. The molecule activates STAT5, a protein that initiates gene expression. It is found at high levels in the joints of rheumatoid arthritis patients.. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2, also known as basic fibroblast growth factor, bFGF) is involved in angiogenesis, proliferation and wound healing. FGF2 binds heparin. It is thought that during wound healing, heparin degrading enzymes activate FGF2, driving the development of new blood vessels.. Neutrophin 3 is a nerve growth factor that regulates the survival and growth of neurons and synapses.. Nerve growth factor (NGF) regulates neuron survival and axonal growth. In its absence, neurons undergo apoptosis. It has been found to induce ovulation in some mammals. NGF is often elevated in inflammatory conditions as it suppresses inflammation. ...

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies. ...

en] Macrophages (monocytes/microglia) could play a critical role in central nervous system repair. We have previously found a synchronism between the regression of spontaneous axonal regeneration and the deactivation of macrophages 3-4 wk after a compression-injury of rat spinal cord. To explore whether reactivation of endogenous macrophages might be beneficial for spinal cord repair, we have studied the effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the same paraplegia model and in cell cultures. There was a significant, though transient, improvement of locomotor recovery after a single delayed intraperitoneal injection of 2 mu g GM-CSF, which also increased significantly the expression of Cr3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF) by macrophages at the lesion site. At longer survival delays, axonal regeneration was significantly enhanced in GMCSF-treated rats. In vitro, BV2 microglial cells expressed higher levels of BDNF in the presence of GM-CSF and neurons ...

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Autologous immunotherapy produced by collecting peripheral mononuclear cells during leukapheresis. Cells include antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which are activated during a culture period with prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP, an antigen found in prostatic cancer tissue) linked to granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF, which activates immune cells). Induces an immune response against prostatic acid phosphatase. Therapeutic Effects: ↓ spread of prostate cancer. ...

Abstract. Juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia (JCML) is a rare myeloproliferative disorder of early childhood that is clinically and cytogenically distinct fr

Cancer-associated pain is a major cause of poor quality of life in cancer patients and is frequently resistant to conventional therapy. Recent studies indicate that some hematopoietic growth factors, namely granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), are abundantly released in the tumor microenvironment and play a key role in regulating tumor-nerve interactions and tumor-associated pain by activating receptors on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Moreover, these hematopoietic factors have been highly implicated in postsurgical pain, inflammatory pain and osteoarthritic pain. However, the molecular mechanisms via which G-/GMCSF bring about nociceptive sensitization and elicit pain are not known. In order to elucidate G-/GMCSF mediated transcriptional changes in the sensory neurons, we performed a comprehensive, genome-wide analysis of changes in the transcriptome of DRG neurons brought about by exposure to GMCSF or GCSF. We present complete

Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Jae-Yol Lim, Byung Hyune Choi, Songyi Lee, Yun Ho Jang, Jeong-Seok Choi, Young-Mo Kim].

GM-CSF antibody [7U1] (colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage)) for IHC, Neut, WB. Anti-GM-CSF mAb (GTX52768) is tested in Human samples. 100% Ab-Assurance.

Hemopoietic growth factors regulate the differentiation and proliferation of particular progenitor cells. Made available through recombinant DNA technology, they hold tremendous potential for medical uses when a persons natural ability to form blood cells is diminished or defective. Recombinant erythropoietin (EPO) is very effective in treating the diminished red blood cell production that accompanies end-stage kidney disease. Erythropoietin is a sialoglycoprotein hormone produced by peritubular cells of kidney Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte CSF are given to stimulate white blood cell formation in cancer patients who are receiving chemotherapy, which tends to kill their red bone marrow cells as well as the cancer cells. Thrombopoietin shows great promise for preventing platelet depletion during chemotherapy. CSFs and thrombopoietin also improve the outcome of patients who receive bone marrow transplants. Colony-stimulating ...

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Acronyms and Abbreviations: AP2, adaptor protein-2; BCR, B-cell antigen receptor; BMP, bone morphogenic protein; CNTF, ciliary neurotrophic factor; CT-1, cardiotrophin-1; DD, death domain; DR, death receptor; EPO, erythropoietin; EPOR, erythropoietin receptor; ERK, extracellular response kinase; FADD, Fas-associated death domain; FAK, focal adhesion kinase; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; Gab, Grb binding; GH, growth hormone; GM-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; GPCR, G-protein-coupled receptor; HCR, hematopoietic cytokine receptor; IAP, inhibitors of apoptosis; IKK, I-κB kinase; IL, interleukin; IRS, insulin receptor substrate; ITAM, immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif; ITIM, immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif; JAK, Janus family kinase; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; LIF, leukemia inhibitory factor; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; NR, nuclear receptor; OSM, oncostatin M; PI3K ...

The effects of media conditioned by leukemic cells from 11 acute myeloblastic leukemia patients on the growth of autologous blast progenitors were studied. First, it was shown that T-cell-depleted leukemic cells from some patients release high levels of colony-stimulating activity into the culture medium, whereas following further depletion of phagocytic cells, the levels of colony-stimulating activity become undetectable. Second, media conditioned by purified blast cell fraction depleted of both T-cells and phagocytic cells potentiated autologous blast progenitor growth both in methylcellulose and suspension cultures stimulated by optimal concentration of media conditioned by human bladder carcinoma line 5637. Third, media conditioned by these purified blast cells generally did not contain measurable colony-stimulating activity or interleukin 1, whereas substantial levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interleukin 1 were observed ...

Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial for immune and inflammatory responses and belong to a network of cells that has been termed the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS). However, the origin and lineage of these cells remain poorly understood. Here, we describe the isolation and clonal analysis of a mouse bone marrow progenitor that is specific for monocytes, several macrophage subsets, and resident spleen DCs in vivo. It was also possible to recapitulate this differentiation in vitro by using treatment with the cytokines macrophage colony-stimulating factor and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Thus, macrophages and DCs appear to renew from a common progenitor, providing a cellular and molecular basis for the concept of the MPS.. ...

Clinical data regarding the use of colony-stimulating factors for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are conflicting because of varying study conditions. Interpretation of data is affected by differences in patients ages, induction regimens, the timing of growth factor administration, the presence of marrow hypoplasia, disease states, differences in the products used, and statistical endpoints. Most trials of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and yeast-derived granulocyte- macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) have demonstrated a significant shortening of neutrophil recovery time and a trend toward higher rates of complete remission. Several studies have demonstrated a significant reduction in the rates of morbidity or early mortality with G-CSF or GM-CSF. In vitro data support the concept of enhancing antimicrobial activity with macrophage colony-stimulating factor or GM-CSF. The safety and potential benefit of these cytokines suggest that cytokines should be ...

Phase I study of continuous-infusion recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic melanoma Academic Article ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Preclinical and clinical studies of macrophage colony-stimulating factor. AU - Munn, David H. AU - Cheung, Nai Kong V. PY - 1992/1/1. Y1 - 1992/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0026688226&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026688226&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 1387243. AN - SCOPUS:0026688226. VL - 19. SP - 395. EP - 407. JO - Seminars in Oncology. JF - Seminars in Oncology. SN - 0093-7754. IS - 4. ER - ...

Improvement in lung function measured by oxygenation levels and markers for disease severity and lung fibrosis. Treatment with sargramostim was safe, well tolerated and generated T-cells targeted at the SARS-CoV-2 virus, indicating a COVID-19 specific immune response Lexington, MA - February 26, 2021 /PRNewswire/ - Partner Therapeutics, Inc. (PTx) announced top-line results today of the investigator-led SARPAC (Sargramostim in Patients with Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure and Acute COVID-19) study of inhaled Leukine® (sargramostim, yeast-derived recombinant human GM-CSF) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients (NCT04326920).1,2 This prospective, randomized, open-label study was led by University Hospital Ghent and conducted at five hospitals in Belgium. The study enrolled 81 patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 who were suffering from acute hypoxic respiratory failure requiring supplemental oxygen. The full study and translational results are being prepared for publication.. Lung dysfunction ...

Lenzilumab, a GM-CSF-targeted monoclonal antibody, reduced chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell toxicity and may have potentiated its antitumor effects in ear

Figure 5. NNK administration differentially stimulates GM-CSF secretion in vitro and in vivo. A, RNAs obtained from PanIN cells treated with NNK (1 μmol/L) or DMSO (control) for 5 and 50 days, respectively, were subjected to RNA-seq analysis. The differentially expressed genes between the control and treatment groups were determined using hierarchical clustering and subsequent heat map generation of normalized gene expression in standardized units. Data analysis using IPA revealed the upregulated genes in the treatment group (red). B, qPCR data of RNA collected from PanIN cells (top) and H6c7 cells (bottom) treated with NNK (1 μmol/L) or DMSO (control) for 50 days and analyzed to validate the genes upregulated in RNA-seq data (n = 3). C, Human cytokine array data obtained using conditioned media collected from NNK (1 μmol/L)-treated H6c7 cells and PanIN cells (left). Relative GM-CSF expression from the respective NNK-treated cells (H6c7 and PanIN) quantified using ImageJ image analysis ...