TY - JOUR. T1 - Insulin inhibition of glucose-6-phosphatase gene expression is dependent on the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(pi-3-k) pathway, not the ras/map kinase pathway. AU - Baik, S. H.. AU - Trinh, K.. AU - Garcia, I.. AU - Nguyen, K.. AU - Kurland, I. J.. PY - 1997/12/1. Y1 - 1997/12/1. N2 - Glucose-6-phosphatase(G6Pase) is a key enzyme of hepatic gluconeogenesis. The expression of this gene is well known to be inhibited by insulin. but the pathway by which insulin influences this inhibition is not known. Insulin activates a signahng cascade involving the stimulation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase activity, tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrates(IRS-1/2), RasRaf-+p42/p44 Mitogen activated protein(MAP) kinase kinase(MEK)p42/p44 MAP kinase. The sociation of the p85 subunit of PI-3-K with IRS-1/2 confers an increase in the activity of the pl].0 catalytic subunit of PI-3-K which activates Akt/Rac and p70 6 kinase (pT0 S6K). The aim of this study was to evaluate the ...
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Although a clear consensus has not been reached, a large number of scientists adhere to a substrate-transport model to account for the catalytic properties of glucose 6-phosphatase. In this model, glucose 6-phosphatase has a low degree of selectivity. The transfer of the glucose 6-phosphate is carried out by a transporter protein (T1) and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) contains structures allowing the exit of the phosphate group (T2) and glucose (T3).[6] Glucose 6-phosphatase consists of 357 amino acids, and is anchored to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by nine transmembrane helices. Its N-terminal and active site are found on the lumen side of the ER and its C-terminus projects into the cytoplasm. Due to its tight association to the ER, the exact structure of glucose 6-phosphatase remains unknown. However, sequence alignment has shown that glucose 6-phosphatase is structurally similar to the active site of the vanadium-containing chloroperoxidase found in Curvularia inaequalis.[7] Based on pH ...
Transient transfection experiments show that the region of the IGRP promoter between −306 and +3 is sufficient to confer high basal fusion gene expression in HIT cells (2) and βTC-3 cells (Fig. 1). However, although the −306 to +3 IGRP promoter fragment is sufficient to drive highly islet-selective expression in newborn mice (Fig. 2 and data not shown) that initiates during the expected time in development (Fig. 3), it is insufficient to maintain expression in adult mouse islets (Fig. 5). This suggests that cis-acting elements elsewhere in the IGRP gene must be required for the maintenance of IGRP gene expression in adult mice. The results reveal that IGRP represents a unique transcriptional model for the study of islet development in that different cis-acting elements in the IGRP gene must be important for driving IGRP gene expression at different stages of development. Interestingly, Gannon et al. (45) were able to demonstrate a similar phenomenon in experiments that involved the ligation ...
This gene encodes an enzyme belonging to the glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit family. These enzymes are part of a multicomponent integral membrane system that catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucose-6-phosphate, the terminal step in gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic pathways, allowing the release of glucose into the bloodstream. The family member encoded by this gene is found in pancreatic islets and does not exhibit phosphohydrolase activity, but it is a major target of cell-mediated autoimmunity in diabetes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but their biological validity has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008 ...
A fundamental process of all living organisms - the transport of molecules across cellular membranes through membrane transport proteins - is investigated.. After a brief review of general properties of biological membranes follows a recollection of the major methods of membrane transport that Nature utilizes (Chapter 1). This is followed by a description of important experimental (Chapter 2) and theoretical methods (Chapter 3) for structural studies of membrane proteins. The findings on membrane protein transport in papers I-IV are then summarized (Chapter 4) and important findings are discussed. The remaining text is a discussion on relevant theoretical and experimental methods.. ...
Determine Phosphatase enzyme Procedure in Milk Disodium phenyl phosphate Phosphates 2,6 dibromo quinine chlorimide faint blue colour appeare test for pasteurization of milk
Définitions de Glucose-6-phosphate, synonymes, antonymes, dérivés de Glucose-6-phosphate, dictionnaire analogique de Glucose-6-phosphate (anglais)
Knowledge of the function of the mammalian eIF2α phosphatases stems from their homology to a viral protein. In 1994, Joany Chou and Bernard Roizman discovered the function of the γ134.5 gene of herpes simplex virus: mutants lacking a functional γ134.5 gene failed to escape the shutdown of protein synthesis that followed viral infection [45]. They noted that the carboxy-terminal domain of γ134.5 is homologous to the carboxy-terminal domain of the product of the growth arrest and DNA damage gene Gadd34 (now PPP1R15A) [45] and indeed later showed that the carboxy-terminal domain of Gadd34 can substitute for the homologous domain of γ134.5 [46]. Chou and colleagues found that shutdown of protein synthesis following viral infection was mediated by PKR which phosphorylated eIF2α [47]. The Roizman laboratory then performed an unbiased yeast two-hybrid screen and found that Gadd34 and γ134.5 interacted with PP1c [48]. The functional relevance of this interaction was supported by the finding that ...
The action of thyroid hormones on hepatic glucose-6-phos-phatase was studied in rats. Fed and 24-h fasted rats received T 3 (10 ug/day) or T 4 (25 ug/day) 1 h, 1 or 3 days before sacrificing. In addition a group of fed rats was treated with T 4 for 7 and 14 days. The glucose-6-phosphatase... mehr ...
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DI-fusion, le Dépôt institutionnel numérique de lULB, est loutil de référencementde la production scientifique de lULB.Linterface de recherche DI-fusion permet de consulter les publications des chercheurs de lULB et les thèses qui y ont été défendues.
Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSDIa) is an inherited disorder of glucose metabolism, due to the selective deficiency of the hepatic enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase. Clinical manifestations include severe hypoglycaemia three to four hours post-prandially, increased production of lactic acid, triglycerides and uric acid, hepatic glycogen storage disease with development of multiple adenomas and kidney disease with proteinuria. Liver transplantation is frequently performed in order to achieve metabolic control and when malignant transformation of adenomas is suspected. Long term outcome following transplantation is good, but immunosuppressive therapy can worsen the progression of associated kidney disease. Hepatocyte transplantation could be considered as a less invasive procedure in such patients. Our experience with hepatocyte transplantation in a 47 year-old woman affected by glycogen storage disease type Ia and suffering of severe fasting hypoglycaemia indicates that the procedure can ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Impaired Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein catabolism links hypoglycemia to hypertriglyceridemia in Glycogen Storage Disease type Ia. AU - Hoogerland, Joanne A. AU - Peeks, Fabian. AU - Hijmans, Brenda S. AU - Wolters, Justina C. AU - Kooijman, Sander. AU - Bos, Trijnie. AU - Bleeker, Aycha. AU - van Dijk, Theo H. AU - Wolters, Henk. AU - Gerding, Albert. AU - van Eunen, Karen. AU - Havinga, Rick. AU - Pronk, Amanda C M. AU - Rensen, Patrick C N. AU - Mithieux, Gilles. AU - Rajas, Fabienne. AU - Kuipers, Folkert. AU - Reijngoud, Dirk-Jan. AU - Derks, Terry G J. AU - Oosterveer, Maaike H. N1 - This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.. PY - 2021/4/7. Y1 - 2021/4/7. N2 - Prevention of hypertriglyceridemia is one of the biomedical targets in Glycogen Storage Disease type 1a (GSD Ia) patients, yet it is unclear how hypoglycemia links to plasma triglyceride (TG) levels. We analyzed whole-body TG metabolism in normoglycemic (fed) and hypoglycemic (fasted) ...
Title: Peptide Immunotherapies in Type 1 Diabetes: Lessons from Animal Models. VOLUME: 18 ISSUE: 4. Author(s):A. Fierabracci. Affiliation:Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Research Institute, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.. Keywords:Animal models, autoimmunity, disease prevention, Type 1 diabetes, peptide immunotherapy, Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, pancreatic beta cells, proinflammatory autoreactive, form 65 (GAD65), insulin, proinsulin, islet-specific glucose 6 phosphatase catalytic subunit-related protein (IGRP), glutamic acid decarboxylase, Protective peptides, HLA, islets of Langherans, CD4+, CD8+, hyperglycemia, Cyclosporine, immunoregulatory T cells, epitopes, pancreatectomy, glycosuria, islet cell antibodies (ICA), islet cell surface antibodies (ICSA), major his-tocompatibility complex, diabetic syndrome, ketosis prone, lymphopenia, macrophages, Humoral immunity. Abstract: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Type 1 diabetes, T1D) is a chronic autoimmune disorder ...
The catalytic subunit of type 1 protein phosphatase (PP1C) interacts with a large number of polypeptides in eukaryotic cells from yeast to man and these regulatory subunits can both modulate the activ
Elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) is associated with increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular-associated mortality. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have linked polymorphisms in G6PC2 with variations in FBG and body fat, although not insulin sensitivity or glucose tolerance. G6PC2 encodes an islet-specific, endoplasmic reticulum-resident glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit. A combination of in situ perfused pancreas, in vitro isolated islet, and in vivo analyses were used to explore the function of G6pc2 in mice. G6pc2 deletion had little effect on insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, whereas body fat was reduced in female G6pc2 knockout (KO) mice on both a chow and high-fat diet, observations that are all consistent with human GWAS data. G6pc2 deletion resulted in a leftward shift in the dose-response curve for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). As a consequence, under fasting conditions in which plasma insulin levels were identical, ...
Cellular metabolism depends on the appropriate concentration of intracellular inorganic phosphate (Pi). Pi starvation-responsive genes appear to be involved in multiple metabolic pathways, implying a complex Pi regulation system in microorganisms and plants. A group of enzymes is required for absorption and maintenance of adequate phosphate levels, which is released from phosphate esters and anhydrides. The phosphatase system is particularly suited for the study of regulatory mechanisms because phosphatase activity is easily measured using specific methods and the difference between the repressed and derepressed levels of phosphatase activity is easily detected. This paper analyzes the protein phosphatase system induced during phosphate starvation in different organisms.
This gene encodes a serine/threonine phosphatase which is a member of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit family. Proteins in this family participate in pathways regulated by reversible phosphorylation at serine and threonine residues; many of these pathways are involved in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. The product of this gene has been shown to participate in signaling pathways in response to hormones or cellular stress, and elevated levels of this protein may be associated with breast cancer development. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011 ...
Type 1 serine/threonine protein phosphatase catalytic subunit; involved in various processes including glycogen metabolism, sporulation, mitosis; accumulates at mating projections by interaction with Afr1p; interacts with many regulatory subunits; involved in regulation of the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of Hxk2p; import into nucleus is inhibited during spindle assembly checkpoint arrest ...
This is the enzymology protocol on Assay of Acid phosphatase enzyme activity from Potatoes. Before going to the protocol, we should know few points about phosphatase enzyme. A phosphatase is an enzyme that removes a phosphate group from its substrate by hydrolyzing phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and a molecule with a free hydroxyl group. This action is directly opposite to that of phosphorylases and kinases, which attach phosphate groups to their substrates by using […] ...
AP is purified from calf intestine by affinity chromatography. AP is an important label in enzyme immuno assays for substrates like pNPP and BCIP
This assay protocol is suitable for the colorimetric detection of Glucose-6-Phosphate (G6P) in cell and tissue culture supernatants, urine, plasma, serum, and other biological samples using the Glucose-6-Phosphate Assay Kit (MAK014). G6P concentration is determined by a coupled enzyme assay, which results in a colorimetric (450 nm) product, proportional to the G6Ppresent. This kit has a linear range of detection between 0.2-1.0 nmole.. ...
Wenner, C E., Inverse relationship of glucose-6-phosphate levels and glucose utili- zation in 6c3hed lymphoma. (1965). Subject Strain Bibliography 1965. 1278 ...
1-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-butane-1,3-dione/AFI29681990 can be provided in Alfa Chemistry. We are dedicated to provide our customers the best products and services.
Fluorosis is a major health problem in many parts of the world. The present work focuses on investigating the utility of nutrient and antioxidant rich grains- ragi, jowar, bajra, maize in formulation of basal, high carbohydrate low protein and low carbohydrate high protein diets in mitigating fluoride toxicity. Exposure to fluoride through drinking water not only significantly increased plasma glucose and lipid profiles, but also elevated both hepatic and renal lipid peroxidation, hepatic lipid profiles and G-6-Pase activity with a reduction in plasma HDL-C, hepatic glycogen content, hexokinase activity and antioxidant status. Even though basal and high carbohydrate diets did not significantly alter plasma glucose, lipid profiles in fluoride administered animals, protein enriched multigrain diet significantly decreased plasma glucose and lipid levels. However, the multigrain basal and high carbohydrate diets influenced the hepatic glycogen, lipid profiles, hexokinase and G-6-Pase activities, ...
Intakes of some macronutrients can comprise risk factors for life-style-related diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. In this study, we examined the effects in C57BL/6J mice of consuming excess fat or sucrose for a long period of time (55 wk). Another group of mice consumed a low-fat, low-sucrose (LL) diet. Mice fed the high-fat (HF) diet gained weight and developed hyperlipidemia and hyperleptinemia. At 25 wk, but not at 55 wk, hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity of the mice fed the high sucrose (HS) diet was greater than that of mice fed the LL or HF diet. Those fed the HS diet were not obese and had greater hepatic lipogenic and gluconeogenic enzyme activities. The HF and HS diets resulted in different types of glucose intolerance. In an oral glucose tolerance test, mice fed the HF diet had a delay in the clearance of glucose compared with those fed the LL diet, perhaps due to the peripheral insulin resistance that resulted from ...
SER is associated with a variety of specialized functional capabilities. In cells that synthesize steroid hormones (eg, cells of the adrenal cortex), SER occupies a large portion of the cytoplasm and contains some of the enzymes required for steroid synthesis (Figure 4-36). SER is abundant in liver cells, where it is responsible for the oxidation, conjugation, and methylation processes employed by the liver to degrade certain hormones and neutralize noxious substances such as barbiturates. Another important function of SER is the synthesis of phospholipids for all cell membranes. The phospholipid molecules are transferred from the SER to other membranes (1) by vesicles that detach and are moved along cytoskeletal elements by the action of motor proteins, (2) through direct communication with the RER, or (3) by transfer proteins (Figure 2-20). SER contains the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase, which is involved in the utilization of glucose originating from glycogen in liver cells. This enzyme is ...
Glucose-6-phosphatase dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzyme deficiency in humans, affecting 400 million people worldwide. It has a high prevalence in persons of African, Asian, and Mediterranean descent.
Glucose-6-Phosphate: An ester of glucose with phosphoric acid, made in the course of glucose metabolism by mammalian and other cells. It is a normal constituent of resting muscle and probably is in constant equilibrium with fructose-6-phosphate. (Stedman, 26th ed)
Abnormal levels of AP in your blood? Order your Alkaline phosphatase test from Personalabs to measure and keep a check on the amount of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in your blood. ...
Yang Y, Yu HB, York D, Elstner M, Cui Q. Description of Phosphate Hydrolysis Reactions with the Self-Consistent-Charge Density-Functional-Tight-Binding (SCC-DFTB) Theory. 1. Parameterization. Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation. 2008 ;4:2067-2084. ...
InterPro provides functional analysis of proteins by classifying them into families and predicting domains and important sites. We combine protein signatures from a number of member databases into a single searchable resource, capitalising on their individual strengths to produce a powerful integrated database and diagnostic tool.
Created attachment 240712 [details] [review] Bump required version of gnome-settings-daemon to 3.8 Reported by Pacho Ramos in https://bugzilla.gnome.org/697146 and from the references gentoo bug report: With gnome-base/gnome-settings-daemon-3.6.4: gdusdmanager.c: At top level: gdusdmanager.c:42:1: error: unknown type name GduSdClass gdusdmanager.c:80:1: warning: gdu_sd_manager_start defined but not used [-Wunused-function] gdusdmanager.c:124:1: warning: gdu_sd_manager_new defined but not used [-Wunused-function] make[3]: *** [libgdu_sd_la-gdusdmanager.lo] Error ...
Das SLC37A4-Gen kodiert ein Transportprotein, welches Glocose-6-Phosphat vom Zytoplasma ins endoplasmatische Retikulum transportiert. Es spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Glucose-Homöostase in der Zelle und der Regulation der intrazellulären Konzentration freien Calciums. Mutationen sind für die autosomal rezessiven Glycogenspeicherkrankheiten 1B und 1C verantwortlich.. ...
Glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate by glucokinases. This gene is alternatively spliced to generate three different forms of the enzyme; one found in the pan
1. The figure given below shows the conversion of a substrate into product by an enzyme. In which one of the four options (a-d) the components of reaction labelled as A, B, C and D are identified correctly?2. Accumulation of glucose-6-phosphate inhibits the activity of enzyme glucohexokinase. This is an example of ...
Klapp - Bi Pase - Serum + RegestrilTM (Inhalt 1ml pro Ampulle, die ausgew hlte Inhaltsmenge entspricht der Anzahl Ampullen) Die Ampulle zur - Gl&
Buy Ponstel Online! Ponstel is in a group of drugs called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Ponstel is used for treating menstrual pain. It may be used for short-term (not more than 7 days) treatment of mild to moderate pain. Ponstel blocks the effect of certain substances in the body that are associated with pain and inflammation.
The differentiated effects of phenobarbital treatment on liver microsomal enzymes have been further studied. The relationship between the resulting decrease in the specific glucose-6-phosphatase activity and the enhancement of formation of endoplasmic reticulum membranes with high drug-hydroxylating activity has been investigated with biochemical and histochemical methods. Biochemically and histochemically demonstrable glucose-6-phosphatase activity was found to be present in all endoplasmic reticulum membranes, including the phenobarbital-induced smooth-surfaced proliferates, even though there was an over-all decrease in activity. Actinomycin D did not inhibit the decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase activity. The findings are discussed with reference to the enzyme-membrane relationship in phenobarbital induction.. ...
Protein Phosphatase 1: A eukayrotic protein serine-threonine phosphatase subtype that dephosphorylates a wide variety of cellular proteins. The enzyme is comprised of a catalytic subunit and regulatory subunit. Several isoforms of the protein phosphatase catalytic subunit exist due to the presence of multiple genes and the alternative splicing of their mRNAs. A large number of proteins have been shown to act as regulatory subunits for this enzyme. Many of the regulatory subunits have additional cellular functions.
Synonyms for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). 8 words related to glucose: aldohexose, glucosamine, corn sugar, dextroglucose, dextrose, grape sugar, blood glucose, blood sugar. What are synonyms for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)?
Looking for glucose-1-phosphate? Find out information about glucose-1-phosphate. C6H12O8P An ester of glucopyranose in which a phosphate group is attached to carbon atom 1; there are two types: α-D- and β-D-glucose-1-phosphates. Explanation of glucose-1-phosphate
Fast Red is a widely used chromogen for immunohistochemical staining. When in the presence of alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzyme, intelliPATH FLX™ Fast Red produces a bright fuchsin-red precipitate that is insoluble in organic solvents---and can be coverslipped with a permanent mounting media. This product is available in a stable two-component system, consisting of Fast Red Chromogen and Buffer. When using an alkaline phosphatase system, tris buffer (pH 7.6) should be used as a rinsing buffer. PBS should never be used! Phosphates act as a competitive inhibitor to alkaline phosphatase enzymes. For optimum performance, use Immunocare TBS Wash Buffer with AP activator or TBS Wash Buffer, 20X.
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The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyses the metabolite glucose-6-phosphate in producing NADPH throughout the first part of pentose-phosphate pathway thus gives decreasing energy to all cells for mobile development, antioxidant defence, and biosynthetic reactions in all dwelling organism. The deliberate inclusion of starch as carbohydrate supply in business feed nonetheless might have an effect on […]. Continue Reading ...
The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) catalyses the metabolite glucose-6-phosphate in producing NADPH throughout the first part of pentose-phosphate pathway thus gives decreasing energy to all cells for mobile development, antioxidant defence, and biosynthetic reactions in all dwelling organism. The deliberate inclusion of starch as carbohydrate supply in business feed nonetheless might have an effect on […]. Continue Reading ...
Naphthalene ingestion can cause severe toxicity in humans, especially in infants and individuals with a deficiency in the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Since NAP readily crosses the placenta, it has the potential to be developmentally toxic. Accordingly, NAP (0, 50, 150, or 450 mg/kg/day) was administered by gavage to pregnant rats during the major period of organogenesis (gd 6-15). Dams and fetuses were examined for signs of toxicity and teratogenicity. Each group contained 25 to 26 pregnant dams.. NAP administration produced clinical signs of toxicity. All doses of NAP caused lethargy, slow breathing, prone body posture, and rooting, but the effects subsided in the 50 and 150 mg/kg/day groups before the end of the treatment period. Clinical toxicity persisted throughout dosing in rats treated with 450 mg/kg/day NAP.. Maternal mortality was low and limited to two animals in the 50 mg/kg/day group. Based upon the absence of maternal deaths at the higher doses, the association between ...
Amos Bairoch (born 22 November 1957) is a Swiss bioinformatician and Professor of Bioinformatics at the Department of Human Protein Sciences of the University of Geneva where he leads the CALIPHO group at the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB) combining bioinformatics, curation, and experimental efforts to functionally characterize human proteins. His first project, as a Ph.D. student was the development of PC/Gene, an MS-DOS based software package for the analysis of protein and nucleotide sequences. PC/Gene was commercialized, first by a Swiss company (Genofit) then by Intelligenetics in the US which was later bought by Oxford Molecular.[citation needed] His main work is in the field of protein sequence analysis and more particularly in the development of databases and software tools for this purpose. His most important contribution is the input of human knowledge by careful manual annotation in protein-related data. While working on PC/Gene he started to develop an annotated protein ...