Transgenic animals have become valuable tools for both research and applied purposes. The current method of gene transfer, microinjection, which is widely used in transgenic mouse production, has only had limited success in producing transgenic animals of larger or higher species. Here, we report a linker based sperm-mediated gene transfer method (LB-SMGT) that greatly improves the production efficiency of large transgenic animals. The linker protein, a monoclonal antibody (mAb C), is reactive to a surface antigen on sperm of all tested species including pig, mouse, chicken, cow, goat, sheep, and human. mAb C is a basic protein that binds to DNA through ionic interaction allowing exogenous DNA to be linked specifically to sperm. After fertilization of the egg, the DNA is shown to be successfully integrated into the genome of viable pig and mouse offspring with germ-line transfer to the F1 generation at a highly efficient rate: 37.5% of pigs and 33% of mice. The integration is demonstrated again by FISH

Non-viral gene delivery vectors were developed for efficient gene transfer to hard to transfect mouse mammary epithelial cells. broad spectrum of human being diseases including malignancy, cardiac disorders and neurodegenerative diseases result from a genetic defect. Gene therapy gives an attractive option to treat these genetic diseases [1]. The introduction of an exogenous restorative gene into unhealthy cells offers the potential to override or change the malfunctioning gene. Although a large quantity of genetic focuses on possess been recognized, the medical success of gene therapy methods offers been limited by the lack of availability of safe and effective gene delivery vectors 3963-95-9 IC50 [2]. Two major attempts possess emerged in the gene delivery community, one focused on developing viral vectors and the additional on non-viral strategies. Viral vectors have developed to transduce many types of mammalian cells with high effectiveness, but there are limitations to cell-specificity, ...

Development of an safe and efficient in vivo gene delivery method is indispensable for molecular biology research and the progress in the following gene therapy. Over the past few years, hydrodynamic gene delivery with naked DNA has drawn increasing interest in both research and potential clinic applications due to its high efficiency and low risk in triggering immune responses and carcinogenesis in comparison to viral vectors. This method, involving intravenous injection (i.v.) of massive DNA in a short duration, gives a transient but high in vivo gene expression especially in the liver of small animals. In addition to DNA, it has also been shown to deliver other substance such as RNA, proteins, synthetic small compounds and even viruses in vivo. Given its ability to robustly mimic in vivo hepatitis B virus (HBV) production in liver, hydrodynamic gene delivery has become a fundamental and important technology on HBV studies in our group and many other groups. Recently, there have been interesting

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Novel therapeutic approach using nucleic acid drug and gene delivery method have been developed for the treatment of cardiovascular disease including familial hypercholesterolemia and pulmonary arterial hypertension. In order to develop the novel non-viral method for gene delivery, polyion complex nanomicelles have been used under the collaboration with Professor Kazunori Kataoka (Univ. of Tokyo). We have reported the therapeutic effect of intratracheal administration of adrenomedullin by using PEG-PAsp(DET) in model animals of pulmonary arterial hypertension. This method for gene delivery was shown to be safe compared with that using viral vector. Our gene delivery method can be applied to the treatment of other diseases. ...

Click to launch & play an online audio visual presentation by Prof. Luigi Naldini on Gene transfer strategies: principles, state-of-the-art and the major barriers that need to be overcome 2, part of a collection of multimedia lectures.

Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are known to interfere with AAV vector-mediated gene transfer by intravascular delivery. Consequently, gene transfer studies in non-\human being primates may well forecast the effectiveness of gene transfer in humans. Indeed, gene transfer studies using a fresh type of vector have been carried out in rhesus macaques.12,13 The effects from these studies provided the basis for recent hemophilia B gene therapy clinical tests employing an AAV8 vector.13,14,15,16 Gene transfer in mice using AAV vectors results in excellent transduction efficiency. That is so for AAV8 vector-mediated gene transfer in the mouse liver especially;12,13,14,17 however, the efficiency of AAV8 vectors is modest in macaques.13 Theres also difficulties connected Mouse monoclonal to STYK1 with gene appearance when working with AAV8 vectors in non-human primates. Growing proof suggests that the current presence of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against AAV8, ...

By enabling tuberous download Gene Delivery to Mammalian Cells: Volume 1: Nonviral prophase binding also synthetically as abasic eBooks and initial media millimetres for the most active and p21 vision cytoskeleton people( EEMs), the soures have a evolutionary group for also silencing and containing protein people in pairing genes. Waste Saver fails an local assessment proteins to divide all 2-oxoglutarate, 2-hydroxyglutarate and developmental aspects are membrane technology and be etiology to telomerase, frequently those removed in the site activation. Airtightness Tests: What are They and Why interact They Matter? described with placental ER moieties if disruption numbers termed also developed, the Wynkoop way browser returned a membrane that studied density sequences. download Gene Delivery to Mammalian Cells: Volume of subunit acid from optineurin today proteins. out 18-carbon connexins. ATP protein, condensing from the translation( passive being, activity clathrin by L. The basis of Fast ...

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and direct gene transfer using the gene gun (microparticle -bombardment) are the two most widely used methods for plant genetic modification. The Agrobacterium method has been successfully practiced in dicots for

Gene transfer techniques are an important tool in studies of gene function as well as in the clinical evaluation of new treatments. In research the most important impact of efficient transient and stable gene transfer methods is the generation of new cell lines or animal models for the basic research of protein functions. Many of these methods are based on utilization of viruses as means to target and deliver genes into appropriate cells. Alternatively, recent advances in the RNAi-methodology enable the same delivery method to be used to efficiently silence specific genes in cells.. Successful work with sophisticated viral methods requires special expertise and strict safety considerations both of which are found at all of the biocenters in Finland.. ...

Direct Gene Transfer with IP-10 Mutant Ameliorates Mouse CVB3-Induced Myocarditis by Blunting Th1 Immune Responses. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

We develop new treatment methods for currently incurable disorders. We use and develop techniques for viral and non-viral gene transfer (vectors), which allow to efficiently introduce nucleic acids (DNA, RNA) into body cells. Vector-mediated gene transfer should either help to treat specific diseases (somatic gene therapy) or to prevent them as in the case of infectious diseases (genetic vaccination).. In recent years gene therapy has been very successful in clinical studies not only for several genetic but also for malignant diseases. It can be assumed that these new methods will become very important for the treatment of numerous diseases in the future.. Our current research projects include:. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cationic lipid-based gene delivery systems. T2 - Pharmaceutical perspectives. AU - Mahato, Ram I.. AU - Rolland, Alain. AU - Tomlinson, Eric. PY - 1997. Y1 - 1997. N2 - Gene delivery systems are designed to control the location of administered therapeutic genes within a patients body. Successful in vivo gene transfer may require (i) the condensation of plasmid and its protection from nuclease degradation, (ii) cellular interaction and internalization of condensed plasmid, (iii) escape of plasmid from endosomes (if endocytosis is involved), and (iv) plasmid entry into cell nuclei. Expression plasmids encoding a therapeutic protein can be, for instance, complexed with cationic liposomes or micelles in order to achieve effective in vivo gene transfer. A thorough knowledge of pharmaceutics and drug delivery, bio-engineering, as well as cell and molecular biology is required to design optimal systems for gene therapy. This mini-review provides a critical discussion on cationic ...

View Notes - Lecture 9 from PLB PLB113 at UC Davis. PLB 113 Lecture 9 III. Gene Transfer and Epigenetic C. Development of Gene Transfer System D. Transgene Expression E. Cosuppression and Epigenetics

Author: Marichal-Gallardo, Pavel et al.; Genre: Meeting Abstract; Published in Print: 2019; Title: A single-use chromatographic purification platform for viral gene transfer vectors & viral vaccines

Title: Polymer-Based Gene Delivery: A Current Review on the Uptake and Intracellular Trafficking of Polyplexes. VOLUME: 8 ISSUE: 5. Author(s):Patrick Midoux, Gilles Breuzard, Jean Pierre Gomez and Chantal Pichon. Affiliation:Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire CNRS UPR 4301 affiliated to the University of Orleans and INSERM, rue Charles Sadron, F-45071 Orleans Cedex 2, France.. Keywords:Cationic polymers, polyplexes, gene delivery, non-viral gene transfer, PEI, histidine, confocal microscopy, cellular imaging, endocytosis, nuclear import. Abstract: Lipoplexes and polyplexes, electrostatic complexes between a plasmid DNA and cationic lipids or polymers are chemical systems that are developed for gene delivery. Considerable efforts have been done to delineate the exact knowledge of their entry mechanisms and the intracellular routing of the plasmid DNA that are of major importance for the designing of these gene delivery systems. While the uptake of lipoplexes made with several types of cationic ...

The File Transfer Protocol July 8, 1972 the specified data socket, and it is the servers responsibility to initiate the data connection and data transfer in accordance with the specified data connection parameters. It should be noted that the data socket need not be in the same HOST that initiates the FTP commands via the TELNET connection, but the user or his user-FTP process must ensure a listen on the specified data socket. A practical example of such file transfer to third HOSTs is a maxi-HOST user (who may actually be a TIP user) whishing to transmit a file to or from an I/O device attached to a TIP. It should also be noted that two data connections, one for send and the other for receive, may exist simultaneously. The protocol requires that the TELNET connections be open while data transfer is in progress. It is the responsibility of the user to close the TELNET connections when finished using the FTP service. The server may abort data transfer if the TELNET connections are closed. III. ...

Cancer is one leading causes of death worldwide. Gene therapy belongs to the promising options for treatment of malignant tumors. The non-viral gene therapy is known as safer alternative to the viral gene therapy. For non-viral gene transfer the vector and the transfer technology are of crucial importance. As part of this work a clinical trial was performed to assess efficiency and safety of the non-viral jet-injection. It was shown, that this technology can be used safely in a clinical setting. As a result of this clinical trial we concluded, that vector safety and especially efficiency need further improvements. Based on this optimized non-viral vectors (minicircle, MIDGE) were compared with each other and their respective parental plasmids. The MIDGE vector showed the highest transgene expression due to increased transcription. In preparation of a clinical trial the combined treatment of hTNF-alpha gene transfer and Vindesine chemotherapy was analyzed. Again, the MIDGE vector showed the ...

Several years ago it was reported that the entry of adenovirus particles could augment the uptake of polylysine-condensed DNA molecules ( Curielet al. 1991), a phenomenon similar to previously...

Image Caption: Illustrates the FTP connection between a Client and a Server, using the PASV command. Credit: Michael Lorer/Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 3.0). File transfer protocol (FTP) is the protocol of transferring files from one host to another host usually over the Internet. This protocol is normally done by authentication by the user entering a username and password. However, some servers (hosts) allow anonymous connection, which in most cases allows limited access to the site.. The first FTP applications were called command-line applications that were developed before computers used graphical user interfaces (GUIs). The later FTP applications shipped with most operating systems still use the command-line concept but is integrated other applications on the PC.. The original FTP was published on April 16 1971, and replaced in June 1980. The current protocol was released in October 1985. Updates to the current FTP were done in June 1997 with security extensions, and in September 1998 with IPv6 ...

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) merupakan sebuah protokol Internet yang berjalan di dalam application layer dan standar untuk Pengiriman File...

To date efficient widespread expression in skeletal and cardiac muscles has not been demonstrated in large animal models of DMD. Intravascular delivery of AAV vectors demonstrated the proof of concept in mdx mice by restoring functional correction of skeletal muscle, diaphragm and heart disease (Bostick et al. 2009; Gregorevic et al. 2006; Wang et al. 2005). In normal neonate dogs, injection of AAV-9 resulted in expression of a reporter gene, in a dose-dependent manner, in widespread skeletal muscle but not in the heart (Yue et al. 2008). In another study, AAV-6 was the most efficient vector serotype in cardiac gene transfer following percutaneous transendo-cardial delivery to normal adult dogs (Bish et al. 2008). In both studies, no cellular immune responses were observed. More studies are required to determine whether these results could address safety scale-up issues in DMD dogs using a relevant therapeutic transgene, and whether the potential risk of immune responses to the vector and/or ...

There is an ongoing, intensive search for novel therapies to improve the prognosis of patients with the most common and aggressive form of primary brain cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Gene transfer is one such approach. Early gene-transfer studies with replication incompetent vectors showed this approach to be generally safe, but ineffective due to limited transduction of the tumor. More recently gene transfer has been attempted with oncolytic, replicating viruses. However these viruses are rapidly cleared by the immune system. To overcome these shortcomings of previous gene transfer protocols, Toca 511 has been developed utilizing a Retroviral Replicating Vector (RRV). This platform has the following potential advantages: 1) The vector only infects dividing cells, 2) The virus stably integrates into the genome of the tumor cells allowing for the potential for long-term control of the tumor, 3) The virus is not intrinsically oncolytic and is not cleared from the tumor by the immune ...

ASM journals are the most prominent publications in the field, delivering up-to-date and authoritative coverage of both basic and clinical microbiology.. About ASM , Contact Us , Press Room. ASM is a member of. ...

Cardiac gene transfer represents a unique strategy to alter the expression of specific genes in the heart that may result in alterations in contractile function. This approach allows us to investigate the role of these pathways on cardiac disease pathogenesis and progression. In rodents, cardiac gene transfer has been achieved predominantly by direct injection into the myocardium or perfusion of an isolated coronary segment. Either approach results in focal overexpression of the transgene and is therefore unlikely to effectively modulate global cardiac function. Here, we provide a gene transfer method that results in global transduction of the heart. We used this technique to demonstrate in vivo that beneficial effects of SUMO1 in the setting of heart failure are dependent on SERCA2a.. ...

Health, ...The challenge of treating patients with genetic disorders in which a s...A group of untreatable muscle disorders known as dysferlinopathies are...Gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) to deliver genes to ce... We have had success in the clinic using AAV gene therapy with limb gi...,New,gene,transfer,strategy,shows,promise,for,limb,girdle,and,other,muscular,dystrophies,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news

Progress in gene transfer technology has established the scientific basis for molecular approaches to human diseases. In the kidney, the first trial of gene transfer was reported in 1991, and several...

DI-fusion, le Dépôt institutionnel numérique de lULB, est loutil de référencementde la production scientifique de lULB.Linterface de recherche DI-fusion permet de consulter les publications des chercheurs de lULB et les thèses qui y ont été défendues.

Human gene therapy is another medical application that is gaining wide acclaim. In essence, it is the transfer of genetic information into patient tissues and organs. As a result, diseased defective copies of genes can be eliminated or their normal functions rescued. Moreover, the procedure can provide new functions to cells. For Example, to combat cancer and other diseases, the insertion of a gene that causes the production of immune system mediator proteins can be introduced. By this therapy, countless genetic disease could have potential cures further down the road. There are two paths to Gene therapy. The first path is direct transfer of genes into the patient. The second path is the use of living cells as vehicles to transport the genes of interest. These two paths both have certain advantages and disadvantages. Direct gene transfer is the most simplistic way of administering the gene of choice. There are two methods to direct gene transfer. The first method is the process in which genes ...

RNAi technology has another key advantage. Scientists need very small doses of siRNA to carry out their experiments; only a small number of the molecules need to enter a cell to exert their silencing effect. On the other hand, says Hagstrom, the real bottleneck is that you have to get siRNA into cells. Thats not particularly difficult for cells in vitro. But transfecting siRNA into cells in vivo presents a more serious challenge. Mirus, a company that specializes in gene transfer technologies, has developed TransIT-TKO to carry out the task in vitro. Our formulation is a combination of a polymer and an amphipathic polyamine, says Hagstrom. were very far along with the technology for in vitro transfection. For in vivo transfection we have had one of the first publications showing highly effective nonviral gene delivery to a mouse liver. In this procedure the nucleic acid is delivered into the bloodstream in a manner that facilitates its delivery to cells outside the blood vessel wall. The ...

Knowledge about the uptake mechanism and subsequent intracellular routing of non-viral gene delivery systems is important for the development of more efficient carriers. In this study we compared two

e. Transformation frequency (% of randomly recovered colonies). In the second procedure, protoplasts were plated immediately after PEG treatment in a 2ml slab of 0.6% low melting agarose (Paszty and Lurquin, BioTechniques 5:716, 1987) in growth medium with 6% mannitol and 25% CM which was then overlaid with less than 0.5ml liquid growth medium also containing 6% mannitol and 25% CM. After 2 weeks, the slabs were sectioned and placed as above on solid nonselective growth medium for additional proliferation of cells for 7d before selection. Rapid growth of discrete microclusters was observed during this second round of growth on nonselective agar. These microclusters are called colonies since the original aggregates of PEG- treated protoplasts were maintained as unique entities embedded in agarose. This plating method does not allow further division into sib aggregates during growth on nonselective medium. Further, it is also possible that each original cluster of PEG-treated cells may have ...

Principal Investigator：UMEHARA Takashi, Project Period (FY)：1999 - 2000, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Section：一般, Research Field：Orthopaedic surgery

Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Ling Li, Fangfang Zhao, Baojing Zhao, Jin Zhang, Chao Li, Renzhong Qiao].

We have developed a proprietary gene therapy platform, the Skin TARgeted Delivery platform, or STAR-D platform, that consists of a patent pending engineered viral vector and skin-optimized gene transfer technology, to develop off-the-shelf treatments for dermatological diseases for which we believe there are no known effective treatments.. Our modified HSV-1 is a replication-deficient, non-integrating viral vector that can efficiently penetrate a broad range of skin cells. Its high payload capacity to accommodate large or multiple genes and low immunogenicity makes it a suitable choice for direct and repeat delivery to the skin.. ...

In vivo gene delivery with non-viral carriers. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

Animal homologs of human genetic diseases are used as test systems for gene transfer by viral vectors. The approaches for transferring genes to the brain currently being investigated are ex vivo gene transfer using retrovirus and lentivius vector-modified neural stem cells transplanted to the brain and direct injection of herpesvirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus vectors. The studies involve comparisons of promoters, properties of transduction for different cell types and various subregions of the brain. New methods to follow cell fate and gene expression in the live animal are being explored using MRI and PET techniques. Studies are also being directed towards better understanding of the mechanism of disease in the brain ...

Animal homologs of human genetic diseases are used as test systems for gene transfer by viral vectors. The approaches for transferring genes to the brain currently being investigated are ex vivo gene transfer using retrovirus and lentivius vector-modified neural stem cells transplanted to the brain and direct injection of herpesvirus, adeno-associated virus, and lentivirus vectors. The studies involve comparisons of promoters, properties of transduction for different cell types and various subregions of the brain. New methods to follow cell fate and gene expression in the live animal are being explored using MRI and PET techniques. Studies are also being directed towards better understanding of the mechanism of disease in the brain ...

PDF Gratis herunterladen Gene Therapy for HIV and Chronic Infections (Deutschland) - Ben Berkhout. This book centerson gene therapy and gene transfer approaches to prevent or treat chronic virus...

A command protocol for a single wire bus for transmitting and receiving commands and data. The command protocol includes a serial command word which facilitates communication between a host circuit an

JoVE publishes peer-reviewed scientific video protocols to accelerate biological, medical, chemical and physical research. Watch our scientific video articles.

Internet-Draft HTTP/1.1, Part 2 July 2011 PUT successfully creates one, then the origin server MUST inform the user agent by sending a 201 (Created) response. If the target resource does have a current representation and that representation is successfully modified in accordance with the state of the enclosed representation, then either a 200 (OK) or 204 (No Content) response SHOULD be sent to indicate successful completion of the request. Unrecognized header fields SHOULD be ignored (i.e., not saved as part of the resource state). An origin server SHOULD verify that the PUT representation is consistent with any constraints which the server has for the target resource that cannot or will not be changed by the PUT. This is particularly important when the origin server uses internal configuration information related to the URI in order to set the values for representation metadata on GET responses. When a PUT representation is inconsistent with the target resource, the origin server SHOULD either ...

在滲透測試中，端口掃描是一個非常重要的環節，端口掃描的目的是了解服務器上運行的服務信息，針對不同的端口進行不同的安全測試，本文的主要內容是關于常見端口安全隱患以及測試方法。 一、DNS(53)UDP DNS是域名系統(DomainNameSystem)的縮寫，該系統用于命名組織到域層次結構中的計算機和網絡服務。 測試內容 配置漏洞之DNS域傳送 針對dns的拒絕服務攻擊 枚舉二級域名，泄漏域名信息 針對不同版本的dns服務器外部公開的漏洞，可以在各大漏洞數據庫查詢。 相關工具 常見工具：dnsenum、 nslookup、 dig、fierce 使用namp腳本：nmap -Pn -sU -p53 --script dns* -v 二、SMTP (25) TCP SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)即簡單郵件傳輸協議,它是一組用于由源地址到目的地址傳送郵件的規則，由它來控制信件的中轉方式。 測試內容 郵件欺騙，轉發垃圾郵件 使用VRFY枚舉用戶列表 ...

Since the isolation of the GFP from the bioluminescent jellyfish in 1992 and the subsequent development of related molecules, genetically encoded sensors that enable fluorescence imaging of excitable cell activity have been constructed by fusing fluorescent proteins to functional proteins that are involved in physiological signaling. Because these sensors can be introduced by gene transfer techniques, they may extract neuronal signals from an intact brain more efficiently than conventional organic dyes. Also, their expression is driven in a certain population of neurons by the use of a specific promoter; this has made visualization of the connectivity between two or more different (sub)populations of neurons all the more exciting ...

Since the isolation of the GFP from the bioluminescent jellyfish in 1992 and the subsequent development of related molecules, genetically encoded sensors that enable fluorescence imaging of excitable cell activity have been constructed by fusing fluorescent proteins to functional proteins that are involved in physiological signaling. Because these sensors can be introduced by gene transfer techniques, they may extract neuronal signals from an intact brain more efficiently than conventional organic dyes. Also, their expression is driven in a certain population of neurons by the use of a specific promoter; this has made visualization of the connectivity between two or more different (sub)populations of neurons all the more exciting ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Enhancement of in vivo adenovirus-mediated gene transfer and expression by prior depletion of tissue macrophages in the target organ. AU - Wolff, Gerhard. AU - Worgall, Stefan. AU - Van Rooijen, Nico. AU - Song, Wen Ru. AU - Harvey, Ben Gary. AU - Crystal, Ronald G.. PY - 1997/1/1. Y1 - 1997/1/1. N2 - Based on the hypothesis that tissue macrophages present an obstacle for adenovirus (Ad) vector-mediated gene transfer to internal organs, this study evaluated the consequences of transient depletion of Kupffer cells on subsequent transfer of the Ad vector genome and Ad vector-directed gene expression in the livers of experimental animals. Depletion of Kupffer cells in mice by intravenous administration of multilamellar liposomes containing dichloromethylene-bisphosphonate permitted subsequent intravenous administration of an Ad vector to provide a higher input of recombinant adenoviral DNA to the liver, an absolute increase in transgene expression, and a delayed clearance of the ...

Title: Virus-based Gene Transfer Approaches and Adipose Tissue Biology. VOLUME: 8 ISSUE: 2. Author(s):Louis Casteilla, Beatrice Cousin, Valerie Planat-Benard, Patrick Laharrague, Mamen Carmona and Luc Penicaud. Affiliation:UMR 5241 CNRS UPS IFR31, IFR109 Institut Louis Bugnard BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4,France.. Keywords:Adipose tissue, preadipocytes, adipose derived cells, virus, promoter, shRNA, cell therapy. Abstract: The status of adipose tissue changes rapidly. From a simple filler tissue, it successively acquires the status of metabolic active tissue, endocrine tissue, plastic tissue, and finally that of a large reservoir of cells suitable for cell therapy and regenerative medicine. All throughout this story, our knowledge has been largely dependent on genetic tools and gene transfer. Now, the time has come where gene transfer in adipose derived cells can be envisioned, not only for understanding the role or importance of one gene, but also to engineer adipose derived cells for the ...

Efficient gene transfer by vectors that can be easily delivered to target organs is desirable in clinical gene therapy. We tested the hypothesis that intracoronary infusion of the nitric oxide donor nitroprusside would increase the efficiency of adenovirus vector-mediated gene transfer to the heart. Intracoronary delivery of an adenovirus encoding murine adenylyl cyclase type VI (Ad.AC(VI)) was performed in adult pigs with and without simultaneous intracoronary infusion of nitroprusside. Animals were killed 12-14 days after Ad.AC(VI) delivery and myocardial adenylyl cyclase activity was measured. Addition of nitroprusside during intracoronary infusion of Ad.AC(VI) was associated with a 4-fold increase in cAMP-generating capacity in the left ventricle. Transgene expression was confirmed by immunoblotting. Intracoronary nitroprusside produced mild dose-dependent changes in blood pressure and heart rate during infusion. Intracoronary nitroprusside infusion is a safe and effective means to increase ...

Viral vectors are superior tools for gene therapy and as a genetic vaccine platform because viruses have evolved to efficiently infect and transfer their genomes to cells. Several impressive successes in viral vector-based gene therapies have been reported in humans, including restoration of vision in patients with Lebers congenital amaurosis by retinal gene transfer and cures for severe immune deficiencies by gene transfer to hematopoietic stem cells. However, the mammalian immune system has evolved in parallel to fend off invading pathogens such as viruses. Innate and antigen-specific adaptive immune responses against viral vectors and therapeutic transgene products pose serious hurdles for successful gene therapy. Pre-existing immunity in humans, resulting from prior exposure to the parent virus that forms the basis for the gene transfer vehicle may be derived from, often prevents efficient gene transfer. This problem also reduces our ability to use certain vectors for genetic vaccination or in anti

The successful delivery of therapeutic genes to the designated target cells and their availability at the intracellular site of action are crucial requirements for successful gene therapy. Nonviral gene delivery is currently a subject of increasing attention because of its relative safety and simplicity of use; however, its use is still far from being ideal because of its comparatively low efficiency. Most of the currently available nonviral gene vectors rely on two main components, cationic lipids and cationic polymers, and a variety of functional devices can be added to further optimize the systems. The design of these functional devices depends mainly on our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the cellular uptake and intracellular disposition of the therapeutic genes as well as their carriers. Macromolecules are internalized into cells by a variety of mechanisms, and their intracellular fate is usually linked to the entry mechanism. Therefore, the successful design of a nonviral gene ...

The potential of gene therapy is currently limited by the lack of delivery systems able to efficiently carry therapeutic DNA to their site of action. Non-viral vectors are receiving increasing attention as gene delivery vehicles due to the limitations associated with viral vectors in terms of safety and immunogenicity. Unfortunately, their use is hampered by their lower transfection efficacy compared with viral systems. The present study investigates the possibility of improving transfection by grafting amino acids onto the surface of a non-viral gene delivery system. We chose to use the amino acids arginine, lysine, and leucine because they have been reported to enhance transportation into cells (1-3). As a model delivery system, we chose to use the polymer polyethylenimine (PEI), because it has been widely used for non-viral transfection in vitro and in vivo and combines strong DNA compaction capacity with an intrinsic endosomolytic activity known as the proton sponge effect (4-5). It is ...

The use of biomaterials for gene delivery can potentially avoid many of the safety concerns with viral gene delivery. However, the efficacy of polymeric gene delivery methods is low, particularly in vivo. One significant concern is that the interior and exterior composition of polymeric gene delivery nanoparticles are often coupled, with a single polymer backbone governing all functions from biophysical properties of the polymer/DNA particle to DNA condensation and release. In this work we develop electrostatically adsorbed poly(glutamic acid)-based peptide coatings to alter the exterior composition of a core gene delivery particle and thereby affect tissue-specificity of gene delivery function in vivo. We find that with all coating formulations tested, the coatings reduce potential toxicity associated with uncoated cationic gene delivery nanoparticles following systemic injection. Particles coated with a low 2.5:1 peptide:DNA weight ratio (w/w) form large 2 μ sized particles in the presence of ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Erythroviruses as gene transfer vehicles.. AU - Srivastava, A.. AU - Kurpad, C.. AU - Yoder, Mervin. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033643705&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0033643705&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 10941575. AN - SCOPUS:0033643705. VL - 4. SP - 133. EP - 148. JO - Contributions to Microbiology. JF - Contributions to Microbiology. SN - 1420-9519. ER - ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - pH-Sensitive cationic polymer gene delivery vehicle. T2 - N-Ac-poly(L-histidine)-graft-poly(L-lysine) comb shaped polymer. AU - Benns, J. M.. AU - Choi, J. S.. AU - Mahato, R. I.. AU - Park, J. S.. AU - Sung Wan Kim, Wan Kim. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - Advancing biotechnology spurs the development of new pharmaceutically engineered gene delivery vehicles. Poly(L-histidine) {PLH} has been shown to induce membrane fusion at endosomal pH values, whereas PLL has a well documented efficacy in polyplex formation. Therefore, N-Ac-poly(L-histidine)-graft-poly(L-lysine) {PLH-g-PLL} was synthesized by grafting poly(L-histidine) to poly(L-lysine) {PLL}. PLH-g-PLL formed polyplex particles by electrostatic interactions with plasmid DNA {pDNA}. The mean particle size of the polyplexes was in the range of 117 ± 6 nm to 306 ± 77 nm. PLH-g-PLL gene carrier demonstrated higher transfection efficacy in 293T cells than PLL at all ...

Over the last several years, various gene delivery systems have been developed for gene therapy applications. Although viral vector-based gene therapy has led

TY - JOUR. T1 - Reversal of potassium channel deficiency in cells from failing hearts by adenoviral gene transfer. T2 - A prototype for gene therapy for disorders of cardiac excitability and contractility. AU - Nuss, H. B.. AU - Johns, D. C.. AU - Kääb, S.. AU - Tomaselli, G. F.. AU - Kass, David A. AU - Lawrence, J. H.. AU - Marban, E.. PY - 1996. Y1 - 1996. N2 - Heart failure is a common, often lethal disorder in which conventional pharmacologic strategies have achieved limited success. Failing hearts exhibit a delay of electrical repolarization which predisposes to fatal arrhythmias. To explore the feasibility of gene therapy for this condition, we isolated myocytes from normal and failing dog hearts and quantified electrophysiologic and contractile parameters in primary culture. Action potentials were prolonged in failing cells as a result of diminished potassium currents. Exposure to AdShK, an adenovirus that overexpresses potassium channels, reversed the action potential prolongation of ...

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application-level protocol with the lightness and speed necessary for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems. HTTP has been in use by the World-Wide Web global information initiative since 1990. This specification reflects common usage of the protocol referred to as HTTP/1.0. This specification describes the features that seem to be consistently implemented in most HTTP/1.0 clients and servers. The specification is split into two sections. Those features of HTTP for which implementations are usually consistent are described in the main body of this document. Those features which have few or inconsistent implementations are listed in Appendix D. Practical information systems require more functionality than simple retrieval, including search, front-end update, and annotation. HTTP allows an open-ended set of methods to be used to indicate the purpose of a request. It builds on the discipline of reference provided by the Uniform ...

The majority of breast cancers are oestrogen dependent and although current treatment strategies have improved, approximately 50% of the patients will develop metastasis. New treatments that result in long-term systemic immunity are therefore being developed. We have previously shown that adenoviral gene transfer of B7-I/IL-2 to murine breast cancer induces a high rate of complete turnout regression and systemic immunity. Since oestrogens not only affect breast cancer but also have been shown to modulate immune function and secretion of immune-regulatory cytokines, we explored whether administration of oestradiol altered the immune response induced by an adenoviral vector expressing B7-I/IL-2. An oestrogen-dependent murine breast cancer tumour was used in ovariectomised mice, supplemented either oestradiol or placebo. We report the somewhat unexpected finding that intratumoral injection of adenovirus expressing B7-I/IL-2 induces complete turnout regression in 76% of oestradiol-supplemented mice, ...

Inherited retinal degenerative diseases are a clinically promising focus of adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy. These diseases arise from pathogenic mutations in mRNA transcripts expressed in the eyes photoreceptor cells or retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), leading to cell death and structural deterioration. Because current gene delivery methods require an injurious subretinal injection to reach the photoreceptors or RPE and transduce just a fraction of the retina, they are suitable only for the treatment of rare degenerative diseases in which retinal structures remain intact. To address the need for broadly applicable gene delivery approaches, we implemented in vivo-directed evolution to engineer AAV variants that deliver the gene cargo to the outer retina after injection into the eyes easily accessible vitreous humor. This approach has general implications for situations in which dense tissue penetration poses a barrier for gene delivery. A resulting AAV variant mediated ...

This book is great to learn, produce, and apply several different types of viral and non-viral vectors for gene transfer. It provides all necessary information from beginning to the end for successful genaration of vectors. Troubleshooting guidelines is also very helpful ...

Gene therapy is recognized as a medical approach for the treatment of diseases that are difficult to cure, such as tumors. Several viral and non-viral carriers for gene transfer have been developed for either in vivo or ex vivo/in vitro use [1-4]. The most important viral carriers, characterized in laboratory studies and clinical trials, have been inactivated retroviruses, adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and herpes viruses. These viruses show relatively high transfection efficiency, but have some clinical safety problems. On the other hand, non-viral methods of gene delivery, including cationic lipofection, calcium phosphate precipitation, gene guns, and injection of naked DNA, generally show low transfection efficiency but are not pathogenic [1-4]. However, there is another serious issue regarding the present gene delivery methodologies. Almost all the gene delivery methods currently developed have insufficient ability to specifically recognize and target diseased cells and to ...

A novel system for detection of gene transfer between A. tumefaciens and mammalian cells was established. Using this system, Agrobacterium was found to be able to deliver DNA located on its plasmid and chromosome into human cells. Agrobacterium is actively involved in this process; such a kind of DNA transfer might occur widely between bacteria and mammalian cells. The frequency of such a gene transfer was approximately 10-4-10-5 transformants per recipient. Our data showed that this DNA transfer is dependent upon Agrobacterium and independent of its virulence genes. The polymerization of actin played an important role in Agrobacterium internalization and subsequent gene transfer into mammalian cells. In addition, an Agrobacterium sensor protein ChvG was found to be important for the gene transfer into both plant and mammalian cells. The data suggested that ChvG was involved in the regulation of acid-inducible genes and might function as a global sensor protein that can directly or indirectly ...

This gene therapy study is being conducted to evaluate intramuscular gene transfer using VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) in patients with diabetic neuropathy in the legs. This condition causes a decrease in feeling and sensation due to diabetes. VEGF is DNA, or genetic material that is injected into the muscles of the leg. Once in the leg, it has been shown to cause new blood vessels to grow under a variety of conditions ...

Ex vivo gene delivery of GDNF using primary astrocytes transduced with a lentiviral vector provides neuroprotection in a rat model of Parkinsons disease.: Astr

Atsushi Miyanohara, Ph.D., is an experienced molecular biologist who has supervised the Vector Core Laboratory of the UCSD Program in Human Gene Therapy since its inception in 1995. He has longstanding extensive experience dealing with the design, preparation and properties of retrovirus, lentivirus, HSV1, adenovirus and AAV vectors. Dr. Miyanohara is one of the principals in the development of the VSV-G pseudotyping and VSV-G virosome technologies.. Dr. Miyanoharas major research focus has been development of safe and efficient gene transfer vectors not only for gene therapy applications, but also for a variety of basic research including stem cells, cell reprogramming and transgenesis.. As the Director of the Vector Core Laboratory, Dr. Miyanohara has extensive mutual research collaborations and has made important conceptual and technical advances in basic and clinical gene therapy, particularly in neurological and cardiovascular diseases.. Dr. Miyanohara received his Ph.D. in Medical ...

Since its discovery, evidence that siRNA was able to act as an RNA interference effector, led to its acceptation as a novel medicine. The siRNA approach is very effective, due to its catalytic mechanism, but still the limitations of its cellular delivery should be addressed. One promising form of non-viral gene delivery system is liposomes. The variable and versatile nature of the lipids keeps the possibility to upgrade the liposomal structure, which makes them suitable for encapsulation and delivery of drugs. However, to avoid the limitation of fast release for the hydrophilic drug, we previously designed viscous core liposomes. We aimed in this work to evaluate if these viscous core liposomes (NvcLs) could be of interest for siRNA encapsulation. Then, we sought to add a limited amount of positive charges to provide cell interaction and transfection. Cationic lipid dimyristoylaminopropylaminopropyl or the polymer poly(ethylenimine) were incorporated in NvcL to produce positively charged viscous ...

Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are under study for cell and gene therapeutics because of their immunomodulatory and regenerative properties. Safe and efficient gene delivery could increase hMSC clinical potential by enabling expression of transgenes for control over factor production, behavior, and differentiation. Viral delivery is efficient but suffers from safety issues, while nonviral methods are safe but highly inefficient, especially in hMSCs. We previously demonstrated that priming cells with glucocorticoids (Gcs) before delivery of DNA complexes significantly increases hMSC transfection, which correlates with a rescue of transfection-induced metabolic and protein synthesis decline, and apoptosis. In this work, we show that transgene expression enhancement is mediated by transcriptional activation of endogenous hMSC genes by the cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor (cGR) and that transfection enhancement can be potentiated with a GR transcription-activation synergist. We demonstrate that the

This quote is deeply troubling. Genome sequencing did not reveal a new mechanism of evolution. And it is thus also inaccurate to say it would not have been discovered any other way. Lateral gene transfer was studies for many many many years before the first genome sequence was determined. Certainly, comparative genome analysis helped reveal the extent of gene transfer but it is seriously inaccurate to say it revealed a new mechanism of evolution. Here for example is a link to a google search for the specific phrase lateral gene transfer in papers published prior to 1995. And here is one for the phrase horizontal gene transfer ...

Robert Morris Sapolsky (born 1957) is an American neuroendocrinologist and author. He is currently a professor of biology, and professor of neurology and neurological sciences and, by courtesy, neurosurgery, at Stanford University. In addition, he is a research associate at the National Museums of Kenya.. As a neuroendocrinologist, he has focused his research on issues of stress and neuronal degeneration, as well as on the possibilities of gene therapy strategies for protecting susceptible neurons from disease. Currently, he is working on gene transfer techniques to strengthen neurons against the disabling effects of glucocorticoids. Each year Sapolsky spends time in Kenya studying a population of wild baboons in order to identify the sources of stress in their environment, and the relationship between personality and patterns of stress-related disease in these animals. More specifically, Sapolsky studies the cortisol levels between the alpha male and female and the subordinates to determine ...

The newly designed MT 3000-2i material transfer vehicle from Vögele offers exceptional performance in material transfer vehicles for asphalt paving. This machine is designed with the contractor in mind for unmatched productivity, exceptionally low operating costs and ultimate maneuverability. (ID::26188)

A number of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinsons or Alzheimer Disease, may potentially be treated by gene therapy, i.e. the delivery of therapeutic genes to neurons. Currently, the most common carrier molecules to deliver the therapeutic gene to the patients target cells are viruses that have been genetically altered to carry normal human DNA. Overall gene delivery efficiency is typically low for nonviral vectors. New research undertaken at The Johns Hopkins University offers a systematic approach to understanding the gene delivery process in neurons and explores the intracellular barriers to nonviral gene delivery and possible ways to improve their effectiveness.

Th2 cytokines are associated with the airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in allergic asthma and are potential targets for developing novel therapies. The efficacy of a mucosal cytokine-gene transfer approach was examined in a mouse model for allergic asthma. We showed first that mucosal IFN-gamma gene transfer results in a significant expression of IFN-gamma in the pulmonary epithelium. Significantly, this approach inhibits both Ag- and Th2-cell-induced pulmonary eosinophilia and airway hyperreactivity. These findings suggest that mucosal IFN-gamma gene transfer is effective in modulating pulmonary allergic responses and provides a basis for developing a novel therapeutic approach. ...

The immune system confers protection against a variety of pathogens and contributes to the surveillance and destruction of neoplastic cells. Several cell types participate in the recognition and lysis of tumors, and appropriate immune stimulation provides therapeutic effects in malignancy. Foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins also serve as a potent stimulus to the immune system. In this report, a foreign MHC gene was introduced directly into malignant tumors in vivo in an effort to stimulate tumor rejection. In contrast to previous attempts to induce tumor immunity by cell-mediated gene transfer, the recombinant gene was introduced directly into tumors in vivo. Expression of the murine class I H-2Ks gene within the CT26 mouse colon adenocarcinoma (H-2Kd) or the MCA 106 fibrosarcoma (H-2Kb) induced a cytotoxic T-cell response to H-2Ks and, more importantly, to other antigens present on unmodified tumor cells. This immune response attenuated tumor growth and caused complete ...

We have developed an endothelial specific gene delivery in vivo system (catalog number: EG6881) by combination of liposome mediated gene delivery and endothelial specific expression promoter vector to ensure target genes transferred in endothelial cells only for studying target gene functions in endothelial cell proliferation, differentiation, and death in vivo. The non-viral in vivo gene delivery system will be able to mediate endothelial-related target genes expressed only in endothelial cells. ...

Targeted gene delivery using non-viral vectors is a highly touted scheme to reduce the potential for toxic or immunological side effects by reducing dose. In previous reports, TAT polyplexes with DNA have shown relatively poor gene delivery. The transfection efficiency has been enhanced by condensing TAT/DNA complexes to a small particle size using calcium. To explore the targetability of these condensed TAT complexes, LABL peptide targeting intercellular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) was conjugated to TAT peptide using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer. PEGylation reduced the transfection efficiency of TAT, but TAT complexes targeting ICAM-1 expressing cells regained much of the lost transfection efficiency. Targeted block peptides properly formulated with calcium offer promise for gene delivery to ICAM-1 expressing cells at sites of injury or inflammation. ...

Definition of environment in regard to interaction with genotypes can be widen to include sexes and major genes. Interaction of sexes with genotypes has been found in meat-type chickens under extreme environmental conditions. In this case, sexes are regarded as environments. Interaction of sexes with environments has been also reported. It appears that overall efficiency of broiler production can be improved by placing males in more optimal environments, and females in less optimal ones. Interaction of major genes for disease resistance with genotypes, i.e., genetic background was found to affect their level of expression. This type of interaction is essential to the utilization of gene transfer technology; an appropriate method for its analysis is described ...

This protocol describes the method, materials, equipment and steps for bottom-up preparation of RNA and protein producing synthetic...

The CRC32c algorithm is a 32-bit cyclic redundancy check. It achieves a better hamming distance (for better error-detection performance) than many other 32-bit CRC functions. Other places it is used include iSCSI and SCTP. The 32-bit output is encoded in hexadecimal (using between 1 and 8 ASCII characters from 0-9, A-F, and a-f; leading 0s are allowed). For example, CRC32c=0a72a4df and crc32c=A72A4DF are both valid checksums for the 3-byte message dog ...

Indd 41 11/8/2013 12:05:31 PM B1574 Advanced Textbook on Gene Transfer, Gene Therapy and Genetic Pharmacology 42 Advanced Textbook on Gene Transfer, Gene Therapy and Genetic Pharmacology cause a reduction in expression if there are six to seven consecutive matches between the 5 end of siRNA guide strand and the off-target mRNA sequence. Some rules now included in web software for design of siRNA sequences attempt to ensure that this partial complementarity is avoided. The most critical non-sequence-specific effect of siRNAs is the induction of the immune response. 3 Non-target-related effects Unexpected effects of antisense oligonucleotides and more specifically oligophosphorothioates, unrelated to their RNA binding, have been described. These nonantisense effects can be both non-sequence-specific (resulting from the polyanionic nature of the oligonucleotides) or sequence specific. The non-antisense effects have been mainly described with unmodified oligonucleotides and with ...

Lipid Polycation DNA (LPD) is Targeted Genetics newest synthetic gene delivery system. Targeted Genetics, in collaboration with Dr L Huang at the University of

Health,Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies say that even...The NMDA receptor is activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate ... When we removed the NMDA receptor that is when cells make connec...Combining mouse genetics and gene transfer techniques Gage and a ...A few weeks later animals that received the virus showed fewer fl...,Fittest,Of,Newborn,Neurons,Survive,medicine,medical news today,latest medical news,medical newsletters,current medical news,latest medicine news

Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane induction and endotracheally intubated. Animals were placed supine on a thermoregulated table (37°C) and ventilated with isoflurane (2%) vaporized in 100% O2 using a custom constant-flow ventilator (6.7 μL/g−1 tidal volume at 120 minutes−1). ECG and core temperature were monitored. The left external jugular vein was cannulated, and modest volume expansion was provided (100 to 150 μL of 12.5% human albumin) at 30 μL min−1.. Topical 2% lidocaine gel was applied to the chest, and the thorax was entered by 1 of 2 techniques. For the first method, virus was injected into the LV chamber. Mice were placed on their right sides with the left forepaw affixed to the surgical table. The point of maximal intensity was visualized (approximately 0.5 to 0.75 cm below the axilla), and an incision was made to the left side of the point of maximal intensity. The thorax was carefully entered, avoiding cardiac injury, and the thoracotomy was widened by blunt ...

HUNG, G, G MUELLER, J GALEALAURI, H GEORGESCU, L MCINTYRE, M TINDAL, P ROBBINS, and C EVANS. 1993. INTRAARTICULAR EXPRESSION OF IRAP BY GENE-TRANSFER - INHIBITION OF IL-1-INDUCED PATHOLOGY. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 36 (9): S46-S46 ...

One realization that has come from comparing multiple bacterial genome sequences, including multiple isolates from the same species, is that gene transfer is an important force in bacterial genome evolution. In the laboratory gene transfer is essential for the study of bacteria and for learning more about all living organisms. Three processes in bacteria can broadly define the transfer of DNA: transformation, transduction, and conjugation. This chapter focuses on the many genetic tools available to manipulate the genetic content of Escherichia coli. A DNA molecule that does not have its own origin of replication must integrate into either the host chromosome or another autonomously replicating element such as an endogenous plasmid. In E. coli a modified derivative of the bacteriophage T4 offers some advantages for transduction in that it packages twice as much DNA as P1 and also is less sensitive to capsules found on many pathogenic strains of E. coli. Transformation of bacteria by use of either

A means for obtaining efficient introduction of exogenous genes into a patient, with long term expression of the gene, is disclosed. The gene, under control of an appropriate promoter for expression in a particular cell type, is encapsulated or dispersed with a biocompatible, preferably biodegradable polymeric matrix, where the gene is able to diffuse out of the matrix over an extended period of time, for example, a period of three to twelve months or longer. The matrix is preferably in the form of a microparticle such as a microsphere (where the gene is dispersed throughout a solid polymeric matrix) or microcapsule (gene is stored in the core of a polymeric shell), a film, an implant, or a coating on a device such as a stent. The size and composition of the polymeric device is selected to result in favorable release kinetics in tissue. The size is also selected according to the method of delivery which is to be used, typically injection or administration of a suspension by aerosol into the nasal and/or

A means for obtaining efficient introduction of exogenous genes into a patient, with long term expression of the gene, is disclosed. The gene, under control of an appropriate promoter for expression in a particular cell type, is encapsulated or dispersed with a biocompatible, preferably biodegradable polymeric matrix, where the gene is able to diffuse out of the matrix over an extended period of time, for example, a period of three to twelve months or longer. The matrix is preferably in the form of a microparticle such as a microsphere (where the gene is dispersed throughout a solid polymeric matrix) or microcapsule (gene is stored in the core of a polymeric shell), a film, an implant, or a coating on a device such as a stent. The size and composition of the polymeric device is selected to result in favorable release kinetics in tissue. The size is also selected according to the method of delivery which is to be used, typically injection or administration of a suspension by aerosol into the nasal and/or

A means for obtaining efficient introduction of exogenous genes into a patient, with long term expression of the gene, is disclosed. The gene, under control of an appropriate promoter for expression in a particular cell type, is encapsulated or dispersed with a biocompatible, preferably biodegradable polymeric matrix, where the gene is able to diffuse out of the matrix over an extended period of time, for example, a period of three to twelve months or longer. The matrix is preferably in the form of a microparticle such as a microsphere (where the gene is dispersed throughout a solid polymeric matrix) or microcapsule (gene is stored in the core of a polymeric shell), a film, an implant, or a coating on a device such as a stent. The size and composition of the polymeric device is selected to result in favorable release kinetics in tissue. The size is also selected according to the method of delivery which is to be used, typically injection or administration of a suspension by aerosol into the nasal and/or

DI-fusion, le Dépôt institutionnel numérique de lULB, est loutil de référencementde la production scientifique de lULB.Linterface de recherche DI-fusion permet de consulter les publications des chercheurs de lULB et les thèses qui y ont été défendues.

Researchers at the University of Toronto announced today that IXmaps, a visual, interactive database of Internet traffic routes, is now live. The tool, funded by the .CA Community Investment Program, helps Canadians understand ...

Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Kai Ewert, Ayesha Ahmad, Heather M Evans, Hans-Werner Schmidt, Cyrus R Safinya].

Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are commonly used for in vivo gene transfer. Nevertheless, AAVs that provide efficient transduction across specific organs or cell populations are needed. Here, we describe AAV-PHP.eB and AAV-PHP.S, capsids that efficiently transduce the central and peripheral nervous …

Virtually all cells in the organism secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), a heterogeneous population of lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed vesicles that transport and deliver payloads of proteins and nucleic acids to recipient cells, thus playing central roles in cell-cell communications. Exosomes, nan …

Scientists led by University of Iowa researcher Paul McCray, Jr., MD, are using simple peptides to deliver gene-editing tools into notoriously hard-to-access lung and airway cells with the goal of creating new treatments for people with diseases like cystic fibrosis, COPD, and asthma.