EWGs Tap Water Database Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) results for Belton | Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Find out what is in your tap water

Concentrations of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) were measured in surface waters and sediments from the Coosa River watershed in northwest Georgia, USA, to examine their distribution downstream of a suspected source. Samples from eight sites were analyzed using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Sediments were also used in 28‐d exposures with the aquatic oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, to assess PFC bioaccumulation. Concentrations of PFCs in surface waters and sediments increased significantly below a land‐application site (LAS) of municipal/industrial wastewater and were further elevated by unknown sources downstream. Perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) with eight or fewer carbons were the most prominent in surface waters. Those with 10 or more carbons predominated sediment and tissue samples. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the major homolog in contaminated sediments and tissues. This pattern among sediment PFC concentrations was consistent among sites and reflected

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are man-made chemicals. Their unique properties make them beneficial for a wide range of industrial and consumer applications, such as constituents in fire fighting foams, hydraulic oils and food packaging materials.PFAAs have shown to be highly persistent in the environment, and the toxicological potential of long chain PFAA homologues is of a concern. International regulation and voluntary actions by the industry have been implemented and led to reduced primary emissions of PFAAs to the environment. However, the concentrations of some PFAAs in e.g. birds from the Baltic Sea are still very high and of ecotoxicological concern. Measures to reduce the PFAA contamination require an understanding of the sources and how the PFAAs are being transported in the environment.In this licentiate thesis a mass balance was assembled for perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) in the ...

Having found previously that high-dose, short-term dietary exposure of mice to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) or perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) suppresses adaptive immunity, in the present study we characterize the effects of these fluorochemicals on the innate immune system. Male C57BL/6 mice receiving 0.02% (w/w) PFOS or PFOA in their diet for 10 days exhibited a significant reduction in the numbers of total white blood cells (WBC), involving lymphopenia in both cases, but neutropenia only in response to treatment with PFOA. Moreover, both compounds also markedly reduced the number of macrophages (CD11b(+) cells) in the bone marrow, but not in the spleen or peritoneal cavity. The ex vivo production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) by peritoneal macrophages isolated from animals treated with PFOA or PFOS was increased modestly. Moreover, both fluorochemicals markedly enhanced the ex vivo production of these same cytokines by peritoneal and bone marrow macrophages ...

A process for preparing a fluorocarbon polymer coated substrate includes heating a surface coating containing a fluorocarbon polymer and a copolymer based on vinylidene chloride, the surface coating being on a priming coating containing chromium oxide, or chromium oxide with chromium, such that the heating decomposes the copolymer to etch the priming coating to key the fluorocarbon polymer to the priming coating.

Little is known about factors influencing infant perfluorinated alkyl acid (PFAA) concentrations. Associations between serum PFAA concentrations in 2-4-month-old infants (n = 101) and determinants were investigated by multiple linear regression and general linear model analysis. In exclusively breastfed infants, maternal serum PFAA concentrations 3 weeks after delivery explained 13% (perfluoroundecanoic acid, PFUnDA) to 73% (perfluorohexanesulfonate, PFHxS) of infant PFAA concentration variation. Median infant/maternal ratios decreased with increasing PFAA carbon chain length from 2.8 for perfluoroheptanoic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to 0.53 for PFUnDA and from 1.2 to 0.69 for PFHxS and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS). Infant PFOA, perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and PFOS levels increased 0.7-1.2% per day of gestational age. Bottle-fed infants had mean concentrations of PFAAs 2 times lower than and a mean percentage of branched (%br) PFOS isomers 1.3 times higher than those of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfluorooctanoic_acid Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), also known as C8 and perfluorooctanoate, is a synthetic...

Article Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) in water purification plants (WPPs) with advanced treatment processes. A series of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) surveys were conducted in two water purification plants (WPPs) having ozonation and granular ac...

Article Water matrix effect on UV photodegradation of perfluorooctanoic acid. The widespread detection of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in the water environment has been a concern for the last several years, while effluents from wastewater treatmen...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Novel non-targeted analysis of perfluorinated compounds using fluorine-specific detection regardless of their ionisability (HPLC-ICPMS/MS-ESI-MS). AU - Azua Jamari, Nor Laili. AU - Dohmann, Jan Frederik. AU - Raab, Andrea. AU - Krupp, Eva M.. AU - Feldmann, Joerg. N1 - NLAJ thanks the Malaysian Government (Grant number: RG12824-10) and the National Defence University of Malaysia for financial support throughout the study period, while JFD thanks the Erasmus program of the EU. Special thanks to the Swedish Research Council (Grant number: FORMAS 1397306) for additional financial support in this project.. PY - 2019/4/11. Y1 - 2019/4/11. N2 - Although perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been phased out, there is a plethora of per- or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) generated and only a small number of these compounds are currently being monitored in environmental and biological sample using molecular mass spectrometry (MS). Total fluorine ...

1 Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA): A Global Water Contaminant Brandon M. Montes, Ernesto M. Garcia and Antonio F. Machado Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, California State University, Northridge Found in the blood of nearly all American citizens at an average level of.04 ppm. PFOA is very persistent with a half-life of 2.5-3.5 years in the human body Perfluoroalkyls are mobile in soil and leach into groundwater PFOA can now be traced in some foods, drinking water, and in dust found inside regular homes. PFOA is otherwise known as C8 because of its 8 carbon chain (C8HF15O2) Perfluoroalkyls are human-made substances that do not occur naturally in the environment. Manufacturing started in 1947 by 3M Used as part of the process of making products containing fluoropolymers Fluoropolymers contained the property of both being lipophilic and hydrophobic Used to make non-stick pans, water/stain resistant materials, and water repellant aerosolized applicators. Although final products are ...

NGO comments on Draft Screening Assessment & Risk Management Scope Documents for Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA), its Salts, and its Precursors, and Long-Chain (C9-C20) Perfluorocarboxylic Acids (PFCAs), their Salts, and their Precursors A Response to Canada Gazette Part I, Vol. 144, No. 44 - October 30, ...

http://www.ntn.org.au/featured/firefighters-community-and-environment-at-risk-from-perfluorinated-chemcialsFirefighters, community and environment at risk from perfluorinated chemcialsNTN has released its new report on the Persistence and Toxicity of Perfluorinated Compounds in Australia.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Mesoporous Fluorinated Metal-Organic Frameworks with Exceptional Adsorption of Fluorocarbons and CFCs. AU - Chen, Teng Hao. AU - Popov, Ilya. AU - Kaveevivitchai, Watchareeya. AU - Chuang, Yu Chun. AU - Chen, Yu Sheng. AU - Jacobson, Allan J.. AU - Miljanic, Ognjen. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. Copyright: Copyright 2016 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2015/11/16. Y1 - 2015/11/16. N2 - Two mesoporous fluorinated metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized from extensively fluorinated tritopic carboxylate- and tetrazolate-based ligands. The tetrazolate-based framework MOFF-5 has an accessible surface area of 2445m2 g-1, the highest among fluorinated MOFs. Crystals of MOFF-5 adsorb hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) - the latter two being ozone-depleting substances and potent greenhouse species - with weight capacities of up to 225 %. The material exhibits an apparent preference for the ...

Paola Irato, Sara Trabucco and Laura Tallandini-Emerging Contaminants Such as Perfluorinated Compounds: Toxicity andOxidative Stress

TY - JOUR. T1 - Perfluorooctane sulfonate-induced hepatic steatosis in male sprague dawley rats is not attenuated by dietary choline supplementation. AU - Bagley, Bradford D.. AU - Chang, Shu Ching. AU - Ehresman, David J.. AU - Eveland, Alan. AU - Zitzow, Jeremiah D.. AU - Parker, George A.. AU - Peters, Jeffrey M.. AU - Wallace, Kendall B.. AU - Butenhoff, John L.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Toxicology. All rights reserved.. PY - 2017/12/1. Y1 - 2017/12/1. N2 - Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is an environmentally persistent chemical. Dietary 100ppm PFOS fed to male mice and rats for 4 weeks caused hepatic steatosis through an unknown mechanism. Choline deficient diets can cause hepatic steatosis. A hepatic choline:PFOS ion complex was hypothesized to cause this effect in mice. This study tested whether dietary choline supplementation attenuates PFOS-induced hepatic steatosis in rats. Sprague Dawley rats ...

In todays society, heart surgery directly or indirectly affects nearly all individuals, yet most are unaware that a blood substitute is often responsible for delivering oxygen to the patients body during the procedure. Specifically, a blood substitute known as Fluosol DA has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use during coronary angioplasty [5]. It is representative of perfluorocarbons (PFCs), the second class of blood substitutes. Fluorocarbons are straight chain molecules that consist of carbon and fluorine [8]. They are known for their capacity to carry both oxygen and carbon dioxide without actually binding to the gas molecules. Thus, their application extends from solely delivering oxygen to also carrying waste to the lungs for removal from the body [5]. Fluosol DA serves as one of the original PFCs, and it is comprised of 20 percent fluorocarbon [6]. A group of PFCs referred to as the new perflourochemicals has recently been developed. They include compounds such as ...

Perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride (POSF, C8F17SO2F) is used to create applications for surfactants and paper, packaging, and surface (e.g., carpets, textiles) protectants. Such POSF-based products or their residuals may degrade or metabolize to PFOS (C8F17SO3-). PFOS concentrates in liver and serum a …

TY - JOUR. T1 - PFAS exposure and overweight/obesity among children in a nationally representative sample. AU - Geiger, Sarah Dee. AU - Yao, Ping. AU - Vaughn, Michael G.. AU - Qian, Zhengmin. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. PY - 2021/4. Y1 - 2021/4. N2 - Purpose: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of manmade chemicals commonly used in consumer product manufacturing. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are two of the most highly studied PFASs. Both are present in the blood of the most Americans. PFASs are associated with intermediate cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, but their relationship with obesity, a risk factor for intermediate and advanced CVD, remains largely unconfirmed. In this context, we aimed to explore the relationship between PFASs and both overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity among children. Methods: We examine associations between PFOA and PFOS levels, and Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) in a ...

A survey on seasonal concentration changes of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was performed for surface water in Lake Biwa (14 sites) from February to November in 20

There is increasing global concern regarding the health impacts of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are emerging environmental endocrine disruptors. Results from previous epidemiological studies on the associations between PFAS exposure and sex hormone levels are inconsistent. We examined the associations between serum PFAS compounds (PFDeA, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFOS) and sex hormones, including total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), estradiol (E), and serum hormone binding globulin (SHBG). After adjusting for potential confounders, PFDeA, PFOS, and PFHxS exposures were significantly associated with increased serum testosterone concentrations in males. PFDeA, PFOA, and PFOS exposures were positively correlated with FT levels in 20-49-year-old women, while PFOS exposure was negatively associated with TT levels in 12-19-year-old girls. PFAS exposure was negatively associated with estradiol levels including: PFDeA in all females, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOS, and PFOA in 12-19-year

Several environmental contaminants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, bisphenol A and phthalates, have been linked to diabetes. We therefore investigated whether other kinds of contaminants, perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), also called perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), are also associated with diabetes. The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study investigated 1,016 men and women aged 70 years. Seven PFAS were detected in almost all participant sera by ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph/tandem mass spectrometry. Diabetes was defined as use of hypoglycaemic agents or fasting glucose , 7.0 mmol/l. 114 people had diabetes. In the linear analysis, no significant relationships were seen between the seven PFAS and prevalent diabetes. However, inclusion of the quadratic terms of the PFAS revealed a significant non-linear relationship between perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and diabetes, even after adjusting for multiple confounders (OR 1.96, 95% CI ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Molecular design of liquid crystalline poly(ester-amide)s with perfluoroalkyl spacers. AU - Teoh, May May. AU - Chung, Tai-Shung. AU - Cheng, Si Xue. AU - Lin, Ting Ting. AU - Pramoda, K. P.. PY - 2004/6/1. Y1 - 2004/6/1. N2 - We have introduced a series of perfluoroalkyl dicarboxylic acids with different lengths of fluorinated aliphatic segments into the 2,6-acetoxynaphthoic acid (ANA) and acetoxy acetanilide (AAA) systems; and their effects on the evolution of liquid crystal texture and liquid crystallinity have been investigated. The perfluoroalkyl dicarboxylic acids are tetrafluorosuccinic acid (TFSA, n = 2), hexafluoroglutaric acid (HFGA, n = 3), perfluorosuberic acid (PFSUA, n = 6) and perfluorosebacic acid (PFSEA, n = 8). Computational results based on the RIS Metropolis Monte Carlo method indicate that the ANA/AAA/perfluoroalkyl system may form thermotropic liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) because the calculated persistence ratios are greater than 6.42. Computational ...

DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115908. Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are widely used in industrial production and daily life because of their unique physicochemical properties, such as their hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, surface activity, and thermal stability. Perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) and perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) are the most studied PFAAs due to their global occurrence. PFAAs are environmentally persistent, toxic, and the long-chain homologs are also bioaccumulative. Exposure to PFAAs may arise directly from emission or indirectly via the environmental release and degradation of PFAA precursors. Precursors themselves or their conversion intermediates can present deleterious effects, including hepatotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, developmental toxicity, and genetic toxicity. Therefore, exposure to PFAA precursors constitutes a potential hazard for environmental contamination. In order to comprehensively evaluate the environmental fate and effects of PFAA precursors and their ...

Fluorocarbon polymer, any of a number of organic polymers whose large, multiple-unit molecules consist of a chain of carbon atoms to which fluorine atoms are appended. Owing to the presence of the highly polar fluorine atoms, which form extremely strong bonds with the carbon chain and resist

Williams, Faith M., Draffan, G. H., Dollery, C. T., Clark, J. C., Palmer, A. J., and Vernon, P. (1974).Thorax, 29, 99-103. Use of 18F labelled fluorocarbon-11 to investigate the fate of inhaled fluorocarbons in man and in the rat. The distribution and elimination of 18F labelled fluorocarbon-11 has been followed in a group of rats killed after air breathing following six minutes exposure to 18F fluorocarbon-11. Whole body and individual organ count rates were measured. In four volunteers the fate of 18F labelled fluorocarbon-11 was followed by both whole body counting and gamma camera measurement of the activity in the lung and mouth region after inhalation from a specially loaded aerosol dispenser.. In the rat there was a high initial level in high blood flow organs and in the adrenals and fat: the level in blood and high blood flow organs fell rapidly. Elimination from fat was slow but the adrenal level had fallen within one hour. The fall in whole body count rate was similar to that in ...

A metered dose inhaler having part or all of its internal surfaces coated two or more times with a polymer comprising one or more fluorocarbon polymers, optionally in combination with one or more non-

IN NOVEMBER OF 1984 THE PRESIDENT SIGNED INTO LAW A SET OF FAR-REACHING AMENDMENTS TO THE RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND RECOVERY ACT OF 1976. UNDER THE NEW LAW, LAND DISPOSAL OF ALL HAZARDOUS WASTES IS TO BE BANNED OVER THE NEXT FIVE YEARS. WASTE REDUCTION, RECYCLE, AND INCINERATION ARE EMPHASIZED. PARTICULARLY TARGETED ARE WASTE STREAMS CONTAINING HALOG ENATED SOLVENTS AND ARSENIC DUE TO THE THREATS THESE MA MATERIALS POSE TO HUMAN HEALTH AND TO THE ENVIRONMENT. PRESENT TECHNOLOGY FOR RECOVERY AND RECYCLE OR FOR THE INCINERATION OF HAZARDOUS HALOGENATED ORGANIC WASTES CANNOT BE APPLIED TO ALL SUCH MATERIALS. STREAMS WHICH CONTAIN COMPLEXAZEOTROPIC MIXTURES OR ARE CORROSIVE, HIGHLY REACTIVE, OR ACIDIC ARE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH CURRENT DISTILLATION/SEPAR ARATION OR INCINERATION EQUIPMENT. THE SPENT CATALYST FROM FLUOROCARBON MANFUCTURING PROCESSES IS AN EXCELLENT EXAMPLE OF A HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTE STREAM WHICH WILL BE TARGETEDEARLY BY THE NEW ACT AND FOR WHICH CURRENT DISPOSAL TECHNO NOLOGY IS ...

Fluorocarbon Rubber (FKM Rubber) is a specialized compound with excellent high heat, oil resistance and low compression set. Flourocarbon rubber also has excellent abrasion resistance and the ability to hold a seal under hard vacuum.

Tali fluorocarbon atau singkatannya, FC, bagi saya, merupakan jenis tali yang paling sesuai untuk dijadikan tali perambut. Ramai yang masih tertanya-tanya apakah kelebihan tali jenis ini jika dibandingkan dengan tali jenis monofilament yang jauh lebih murah harganya untuk dijadikan tali perambut. Gambarajah di bawah

TY - JOUR. T1 - Thermal properties and crystallization dynamics of a phase-change alloy for write-once optical data storage. AU - Fischer, Gerd M.. AU - Medower, Brian. AU - Revay, Robert. AU - Mansuripur, Masud. PY - 2002/1/1. Y1 - 2002/1/1. N2 - Using a two-laser static tester, we measured the crystallization temperature and the thermal conductivity of a phase-change alloy thin film used in write-once-read-many media of optical data storage. The experimental technique, in general, and the calibration procedures, in particular, are described. The measurement results are used as entry points into numerical calculations that ultimately yield estimates of the material parameters. Valuable information about the dynamics of mark formation (i.e., localized crystallization) in amorphous phase-change alloy films is obtained from the observed variations of the sample reflectance under short-pulse and long-pulse recording conditions. The dependence of these reflectance variations on the laser pulse power ...

Pregnant women are an especially important population to monitor for environmental exposures given the vulnerability of the developing fetus. During pregnancy and lactation chemical body burdens may change due to the significant physiological changes that occur. Developmental exposures to some persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been linked with adverse health outcomes. First trimester maternal and cord blood plasma concentrations of several POPs including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE)s and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were measured in samples from 1983 pregnant women enrolled in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) cohort. Predictors of exposure were also identified. In maternal plasma, there was |90 % detection for the perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluoroctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE

The study reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the biotransformation of fluorotelomer-based compounds, with a focus on compounds that ultimately degrade to form perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs). Most metabolism studies have been performed with either microbial systems or rats and mice, and comparatively few studies have used fish models. Furthermore, biotransformation studies thus far have predominately used the 8:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH) as the substrate. However, there have been an increasing number of studies investigating 6:2 FTOH biotransformation as a result of industrys transition to shorter-chain fluorotelomer chemistry. Studies with the 8:2 FTOH metabolism universally show the formation of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and, to a smaller fraction, perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and lower-chain-length PFCAs. In general, the overall yield of PFOA is low, presumably because of the multiple branches in the biotransformation pathways, including conjugation reactions in animal ...

Link: Shabalina Irina G, Kalinovich AV, Cannon B, Nedergaard J (2015) Event: MiP2015 The environmental pollutants perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are degradation products of polyfluorinated surfactants and polymers that due to their unique surface-active properties, the stability of their C-F bonds and their thermal resistivity, are utilized in a wide variety of products, including fire-fighting foams, lubricants, paints, cosmetics and ski-wax. PFOS/PFOA cause a dramatic reduction in the size of the major adipose tissue depots when they are added to the food of mice. A large part of the effect of PFOA/PFOS on food intake was dependent on the presence of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the brown adipose tissue [1]. We have examined here the possibility that PFOA/PFOS can directly (re)activate UCP1 in isolated mouse brown-fat mitochondria. In wildtype brown-fat mitochondria, PFOS and PFOA overcame GDP-inhibited thermogenesis, leading to increased oxygen ...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of synthetic compounds found in a variety of household and industrial products. The two most studied compounds in this family, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), have been associated with a range of health concerns. The following webinar recording describes two pilot projects designed to measure human PFAS exposures undertaken by the Pennsylvania Department of Health and the New York State Department of Health. It focuses on the states use of the PFAS Exposure Assessment Technical Tools (PEATT)-a guidance document developed by CDC and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to measure human PFAS exposures through drinking water sources. Results from PEATT allow health officials to estimate levels of exposure for an entire affected community, not just those individuals tested. The PEATT also provides guidance on how to share results with affected communities.Read More ». ...

The European Commission this year will consider a proposal to restrict the manufacture or sale of perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), its salts, or substances that degrade into PFHxS. These chemicals are used as water and stain repellents in textile treatment, according to the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). They are part of a group known as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are highly persistent in the environment. PFHxS is highly bioaccumulative and has been detected in human blood and in wildlife in the Arctic and other remote places. Use of PFHxS and its related compounds has declined in recent years, ECHA says, adding that current annual emissions of these substances in the EU are estimated at about 0.42 metric tons. Norway initiated the proposal to restrict PFHxS and its related compounds, with the goal to prevent their use in place of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, which is already banned in the European Union, or perfluorooctanoic acid, which will be prohibited there as ...

FLUOROCARBON EMULSION STABILIZING SURFACTANTS - Surfactants (e.g., fluorosurfactants) for stabilizing aqueous or hydrocarbon droplets in a fluorophilic continuous phase are presented. In some embodiments, fluorosurfactants include a fluorophilic tail soluble in a fluorophilic (e.g., fluorocarbon) continuous phase, and a headgroup soluble in either an aqueous phase or a lipophilic (e.g., hydrocarbon) phase. The combination of a fluorophilic tail and a headgroup may be chosen so as to create a surfactant with a suitable geometry for forming stabilized reverse emulsion droplets having a disperse aqueous or lipophilic phase in a continuous, fluorophilic phase. In some embodiments, the headgroup is preferably non-ionic and can prevent or limit the adsorption of molecules at the interface between the surfactant and the discontinuous phase. This configuration can allow the droplet to serve, for example, as a reaction site for certain chemical and/or biological reactions. In another embodiment, aqueous ...

PFCs are synthetic organic compounds, based on fluorine. Used in stain, heat and water-resistant products (eg Teflon). Toxic to lab animals. Bioaccumulative

Jusko T, Oktapodas M, Palkovi?ová Murinová ?, Babinska K, Babjakova J, Verner MA, DeWitt J, Thevenet-Morrison K, Conka K, Drobná B, Chovancova J, Thurston S, Lawrence BP, Dozier A, Jarvinen K, Patayova H, Trnovec T, Legler J, Hertz-Picciotto I, Lamoree MH. Demographic, Reproductive, and Dietary Determinants of Perfluorooctane Sulfonic (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Concentrations in Human Colostrum. Environmental science & technology.. 2016 Jul 5; 50(13):7152-62. Epub 2016 Jun 14. 5/ ...

3,094,547 PERFLUORQALKYLSULFQNAMIDOALKYL ESTERS OF PHOSPHURUS ACIDS Richard F. Heine, White Bear Lake, Minn, assiguor to Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minn, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Feb. 6, 1961, Ser. No. 87,060 9 Claims. (Cl. 260-461) This invention relates to a new and useful class of phosphorus-containing fluorocarbon compounds and polymers thereof. The invention also relates to the sizing of fabrics to impart both repellency to water and. resistance to absorption, and soiling by oily and greasy materials, to the coating and impregnation of matrices such as paper and leather, to the provision of certain desirable surfactant properties in polishes and plating baths, and for other purposes. it is therefore an object of this invention to provide phosphorus-containing fluorocarbon compounds and derivatives thereof. it is also an object of this invention to provide a method for preparing phosphorus-containing fluorocarbon compounds and derivatives ...

Non-stick cookware contains several toxic perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) like perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), which can cause thyroid disease.

To determine whether exposure to per-and polyfluoroalkyl susbtances at an early developmental stage is associated with risk for autism spectrum disorders.

New research, published today in the journal Environmental Science & Technology, shows that some persistent perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) can be transferred from mother to infant via breast milk. These chemicals, which have been widely used, are linked to a number of health problems, including negative impacts on immune response to vaccines in children. The research suggests that breast milk is a major source of exposure to some PFCs during infancy, though the researchers emphasise the important benefits of breast milk for babies.. The study looked specifically at a group of PFCs called PFAS chemicals, which have been used in a variety of consumer products, from non-stick frying pans, waterproof clothing, stain-resistant fabrics to food packaging - including in pizza boxes and microwave popcorn bags. See our recent blog on PFCs for more information on their use and potential health impacts.. The new research was carried out in the Faroe Islands between 1997-2000, with blood being analysed for ...

Our study found that increased exposure to PFOA, PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS was associated with higher odds of irregular and long menstrual cycle and lower risks of menorrhagia in women who plan to be pregnant. In contrast, women with higher levels of PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS were more likely to have hypomenorrhea.. Two previous studies have evaluated the association between PFOA and PFOS and menstrual irregularity and length. Our results are consistent with those reported in a subset of 1,240 pregnant women randomly selected from the Danish National Birth Cohort (Fei et al. 2009). They found that the risk of irregular menstrual cycle was higher in women exposed to PFOA (15.0% in the upper three quartiles vs. 9.0% in the lowest quartile) and PFOS (14.2% in the upper three quartiles vs. 11.6% in the lowest quartile) (Fei et al. 2009). The INUENDO cohort enrolled 1,623 pregnant women in three countries (Greenland, Poland, and Ukraine) (Lyngsø et al. 2014) and found that PFOA exposure levels were ...

Background Oncolytic virotherapy of tumors is an up-coming, promising therapeutic modality of cancer therapy. Unfortunately, non-invasive techniques to evaluate the inflammatory host response to treatment are rare. Here, we evaluate \(^{19}\)F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which enables the non-invasive visualization of inflammatory processes in pathological conditions by the use of perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions (PFC) for monitoring of oncolytic virotherapy. Methodology/Principal Findings The Vaccinia virus strain GLV-1h68 was used as an oncolytic agent for the treatment of different tumor models. Systemic application of PFC emulsions followed by \(^1H\)/\(^{19}\)F MRI of mock-infected and GLV-1h68-infected tumor-bearing mice revealed a significant accumulation of the \(^{19}\)F signal in the tumor rim of virus-treated mice. Histological examination of tumors confirmed a similar spatial distribution of the \(^{19}\)F signal hot spots and \(CD68^+\)-macrophages. Thereby, the ...

PFNA is found in a wide array of consumer products, food, water, and air. Levels of PFNA in the environment continue to increase, and can accumulate over a lifetime. Thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating major processes of the human body. Decreasing levels of thyroid hormones could potentially interfere with essential metabolic processes. Results of this study help researchers better understand the levels of serum PFNA found in the U.S. general population, and adds to the growing body of knowledge of PFNA in relation to thyroid hormone levels.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are environmental chemicals linked to weight gain and type 2 diabetes.We examined the extent to which PFAS plasma concentrations during pregnancy were associated with postpartum anthropometry and biomarkers.We studied women recruited between 1999-2002 in the Project Viva prospective cohort with pregnancy plasma concentrations of PFAS, including perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and 2-(N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamide) acetic acid (EtFOSAA). Three-year postpartum anthropometry measurements were available from 786-801 women, blood pressure from 761 women, and blood biomarkers from 450-454 women. We used multivariable regression to evaluate the association of log2-transformed PFAS with postpartum anthropometry, blood pressure, and blood biomarkers (leptin, adiponectin, sex hormone binding globulin [SHBG], hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c], interleukin-6 [IL-6], C-reactive protein [CRP]), adjusting for age, pre-pregnancy BMI, ...

Chen, M-H, E-H Ha, T-W Wen, Y-N Su, G-W Lien, C-Y Chen, P-C Chen and W-S Hsieh. 2012. Perfluorinated compounds in umbilical cord blood and adverse birth outcomes.. Synopsis:. Babies exposed to higher levels of the chemical PFOS in the womb were born sooner and smaller than babies with lower exposures, suggests a new study of 429 babies from Taiwan. They also had smaller head circumferences.. PFOS levels in the babies umbilical cord blood were similar to those collected from U.S. and Canadian babies in 2004 - 2005. Birth outcomes were unaffected by the other studied chemicals - PFOA, PFNA and PFUA.. This is the first time that PFOS has been related to shorter pregnancies. Effects on birth weight and head circumference support the findings from previous studies.. The results are important because nearly everyone carries PFOS in their blood. Even subtle effects at an individual level can have important public health consequences at the population scale if everyone is exposed.. PFOS is a stain, ...

Confinement to the rotational plane is characterized by , cos2Ѳ2D , which is the average value of the cosine of the angle between the probe polarization and the rotational ion velocity vector projected onto the detector screen. By observing how , cos2Ѳ2D , evolves in time after the centrifuge pulse is gone, inferences about the coupling strength of helium to the superrotor can be made. If helium couples strongly to the rotor then , cos2Ѳ2D , is expected to be low and decay quickly. If coupling is weak then , cos2Ѳ2D , is high and lasts for a long time. This is measured for carbon disulfide doped droplets and the evolution of , cos2Ѳ2D , is presented, which is an exciting first step in understanding how the rotation dynamics of a molecule can probe the superfluid behaviour of the nanodroplets.. ...

EWGs Tap Water Database Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) results for North Las Vegas Utilities | Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Find out what is in your tap water

TY - JOUR. T1 - A fundamental study for quantitative measurement of ultrasound contrast concentration by low mechanical index contrast ultrasonography. AU - Yamada, Satoshi. AU - Komuro, Kaoru. AU - Taniguchi, Mariko. AU - Uranishi, Ayumi. AU - Komatsu, Hiroshi. AU - Asanuma, Toshihiko. AU - Ishikura, Fuminobu. AU - Onozuka, Hisao. AU - Mikami, Taisei. AU - Tsutsui, Hiroyuki. AU - Beppu, Shintaro. PY - 2006/6. Y1 - 2006/6. N2 - Purpose. In high mechanical index (MI) contrast ultrasonography it has been shown that the power of contrast signal intensity (CI) has a strong linear correlation with the concentration of the ultrasound contrast agent under conditions of constant applied acoustic pressure. However, it is unclear whether the linearity is preserved in low-MI contrast ultrasonography. Thus, we investigated the relationship between ultrasound contrast concentration and CI in vitro. Methods. Solutions of the ultrasound contrast agents Definity and Imagent were prepared at concentrations of ...

A process is provided for making a liquid composition of a perfluorinated polymer having sulfonic acid or sulfonate groups in a liquid medium by contacting the polymer with a mixture of 25 to 100% by weight of water and 0 to 75% by weight of a second liquid component such as a lower alcohol, e.g., propanol or methanol, at a temperature of at least 180° C. (at least 240° C. when about 90% to 100% water is used), in a closed system. The liquid composition made by this process, or modified liquid products prepared therefrom, are used in coating various substrates, in casting films, and in repairing perfluorinated ion exchange films and membranes. The process is also useful in recovering perfluorinated polymer having sulfonic acid or sulfonate groups from scraps and used articles made of such polymer or containing such polymer as a component part thereof.

redOrbit Staff & Wire Reports - Your Universe Online. Researchers at NISTs Hollings Marine Laboratory (HML) and four partner organizations have measured for the first time concentrations of 13 perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) in five endangered species of sea turtles. While PFC toxicology studies have not yet been conducted on turtles, the levels of the compounds seen in all five species approach the amounts known to cause unfavorable health effects in other animals.. PFCs are man-made compounds that have many uses including stain-resistant coatings, fire-fighting foams and emulsifiers in plastics manufacturing. They are detectable in human and wildlife samples worldwide, infiltrate food chains, and have been shown in laboratory animals - rats, mice and fish - to be toxic to the liver, the thyroid, neurobehavioral function and the immune system. The PFCs most frequently found in the environment are perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA).. Located in Charleston, S.C., ...

There is the possibility of Liquid Breathing, however it is unlikely that the liquid would be haemoglobin and still be breathable, as haemoglobin is quite viscous (this is why it is contained within red blood cells).. On the other hand, in the unlikely event that a planet was completely covered by an ocean of some largely colourless oxygen saturated liquid such as a flurocarbon at ~37°C, then, yes, humans could in theory breathe this liquid. It is probable that if such a planet existed, it would have been manufactured by some powerful civilisation.. However, free-breathing fluorocarbons is exhausting due to the mass of fluid involved and the amount of oxygen that could be saturated in it. Were humans to spend any length of time in such an environment, it is likely that they would need some sort of mechanical breathing assistance to prevent exhaustion.. Finally, fluorocarbons are up to twice as dense as water. This means that a human would float on the surface of a fluorocarbon sea to a greater ...

Porous microspheres have fixed on the exterior surface thereof a coating of at least one of a perfluorinated oil, a fluorinated silicone oil or a silicone gum. The pores of the microspheres can be charged with a hydrophilic, lipophilic or perfluorinated phase. The microspheres are employed in cosmetic compositions.

Industry and government officials say perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), the toxic chemical blamed for contaminating drinking water supplies in Hoosick Falls, N.Y., and several other area communities, is no longer used in manufacturing in the United States. But if PFOA has been phased out, what are industries using in its place?. People like Silvia Potter would like to know the answer to that question for the two Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics plants that still operate in Hoosick Falls. Potter says people in her community know absolutely nothing about the identity of the chemical or chemicals the company is using as a replacement for PFOA.. The lack of information has been frustrating for her and other members of their local advocacy group, NY Water Project. We only know what the company volunteers, she says. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), widely used for decades in the making of nonstick coatings like Teflon and a variety of other consumer products, is considered toxic even in tiny amounts. ...

We reported the hepatic gene expression profiling in mice treated by perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and high fat diet (HFD). Chronic HFD treatment was associated with gene expression changes in cholesterol biosynthetic process, lipid metabolic process, extracellular matrix, and inflammatory response pathways. Many chemokine related genes including Ccl2, Ccr2, Ccl3l3, Cx3cl1, Cx3cr1, Cxcl14, and toll-li...

The modeling of the viscous behavior of nanoemulsions and nanosuspensions is discussed. The influences of the viscosity ratio, solvation and aggregation of nanodroplets and nanoparticles on the relative viscosity of nanofluids are considered. The relative viscosity of a nanofluid is strongly affected by solvation of nanoparticles. The scaling of the relative viscosity of nanoemulsions is successfully carried out using the volume fraction of the solvated nanodroplets. Four sets of experimental relative viscosity data of nanoemulsions consisting of different diameter nanodroplets (27.5 nm-205 nm) all collapse on a single unique curve when the data are scaled on the basis of the volume fraction of the solvated nanodroplets. A similar scaling is achieved using six sets of experimental relative viscosity data on nanosuspensions consisting of different diameter nanoparticles (29 nm-146 nm). A new modified version of the Oldroyd model is proposed to describe and predict the viscosity of nanofluids. The model

A liquid ventilator is similar to a medical ventilator except that it should be able to ensure reliable total liquid ventilation with a breatheable liquid (a perfluorocarbon) · . Liquid ventilators are prototypes that may have been used for animal experimentations but experts recommend continued development of a liquid ventilator toward clinical applications. In total liquid ventilation (TLV), the lungs are completely filled with a perfluorocarbon (PFC) liquid while the liquid ventilator renews the tidal volume of PFC. The liquid ventilator operates in mandatory mode: it must force the PFC in and out of the lungs with a pumping system. During the inspiratory phase, the pump generates a positive driving pressure in the trachea to ensure the PFC insertion of the tidal volume. During the expiratory phase, the pump generates a negative driving pressure in the trachea to ensure PFC withdrawal of the tidal volume. The pumping system is either a peristaltic pump (in the simplest liquid ventilators) or ...

1. Minchinton AI, Tannock IF. Drug penetration in solid tumours. Nature reviews Cancer. 2006;6:583-92 2. Iyer AK, Khaled G, Fang J, Maeda H. Exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention effect for tumor targeting. Drug discovery today. 2006;11:812-8 3. Li Y, Wang J, Wientjes MG, Au JL. Delivery of nanomedicines to extracellular and intracellular compartments of a solid tumor. Advanced drug delivery reviews. 2012;64:29-39 4. Hobbs SK, Monsky WL, Yuan F, Roberts WG, Griffith L, Torchilin VP. et al. Regulation of transport pathways in tumor vessels: role of tumor type and microenvironment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 1998;95:4607-12 5. Matsumura Y, Maeda H. A new concept for macromolecular therapeutics in cancer chemotherapy: mechanism of tumoritropic accumulation of proteins and the antitumor agent smancs. Cancer Res. 1986;46:6387-92 6. Meng H, Xue M, Xia T, Ji Z, Tarn DY, Zink JI. et al. Use of size and a copolymer design feature to ...

BBC News Online environment correspondent. Fumes given off by cancer-causing chemicals used to make non-stick frying pans are killing hundreds of pet birds every year, environmentalists say.. The Worldwide Fund for Nature says it is hearing reports that many US caged birds are being killed by the fumes.. It says the chemicals, perfluorinated compounds, are also contaminating both people and wildlife with grave effects.. The chemicals industry says it doubts that birds exposed to ordinary levels of the compounds could die from them.. Guilty till proved harmless. In a report, Causes For Concern: Chemicals and Wildlife, WWF says the compounds, also used in some textiles and food packaging, are among the most prominent new toxic hazards.. It says: Scientists have found perfluorinated compounds, classified as cancer-causing chemicals by the US Environmental Protection Agency, in dolphins, whales and cormorants in the Mediterranean; seals and sea eagles in the Baltic; and polar bears.. Elizabeth ...

Background: Perfluorocarbon nanoparticles can be functionalized and targeted to an array of cellular and extracellular intramural vascular biomarkers exposed along sheared tissue planes by balloon stretch injury. The objective of this study was to determine if local, intramural delivery of integrin-targeted perfluorocarbon nanoparticles incorporating rapamycin could inhibit vascular stenosis following balloon overstretch injury.. Methods: Femoral arteries of NZW rabbits on atherogenic diet for 3 weeks were subjected to balloon stretch injury via a catheter approach from the right common carotid artery. One injured arterial segment was infused between snares with paramagnetic αϖβ3-integrin-targeted nanoparticles while the contralateral artery received targeted rapamycin nanoparticles without drug or saline. The delivery of the paramagnetic nanoparticles was confirmed noninvasively via T1-weighted MRI contrast enhancement in a 1.5 T MR scanner. After two weeks, neointimal plaque development was ...

Ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) have been in the echocardiographic toolbox for many years. Two such agents (Definity [Lantheus Medical Imaging, North Billerica, Massachusetts] and Optison [GE Healthcare, Princeton, New Jersey]) are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are commercially available for left ventricular cavity opacification in patients with technically difficult echocardiograms. The greater, still unrealized value of these unique erythrocyte tracers, however, resides in their ability to depict the spatial distribution of myocardial perfusion and to quantify intramyocardial blood volume, properties that render UCAs ideal for the detection and localization of coronary artery disease (CAD).. UCAs have had a checkered history, particularly with respect to myocardial perfusion imaging. The literature is replete with studies showing the promise of myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) for CAD detection (1,2). Studies in dogs dating back to the early 1980s ...

We have recently achieved electron spin resonance (ESR) of single alkali-metal atoms isolated on helium (He) nanodroplets. A two-laser pump/probe setup for optically detected magnetic resonance is applied, which is based on magnetic circular dichroism to selectively address spin states. The influence of the helium droplet on the alkali-metal valence-electron wave function is directly noticeable as a shift of the ESR transitions with respect to that of free atoms. This perturbation depends on the size of the droplets and can be modeled with an increase of the hyperfine constant, that is an increase of the Fermi contact interaction. After careful characterization of the Rb--He-droplet system the method is being developed into a more universal diagnostic tool to study spin dynamics. ESR silent species located inside the droplet can be investigated by utilizing the surface Rb atom as spin label, and the droplet size is a convenient handle to control the distance between the two. In case of species ...

The global Microbubbles/Ultrasound Contrast Agents Market will grow at a CAGR of 25.2% from 2018 to 2024 to reach USD 1,584.5 million by 2024, according to the latest publication from Meticulous Research®. The global microbubbles/ultrasound contrast agents market is driven by various factors such as advancement in...

kinase 1/2 signaling in neurons and glial cells. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 674 (2-3), 104-111 Mahltig B, Cheval N, Astachov V, Malkoch M, Haase H, Fahmi A (2012) 2,5 Hydroxyl dendrimers as stabilizing agent for preparation of colloidal silver particles - a study in respect to antimicrobial properties and toxicity against human cells. Colloid Polym. Sci. 290:1413-1421 Haase H, Engelhardt G, Hebel S, Rink L (2011) Mercuric ions inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase dephosphorylation by inducing reactive oxygen species. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 250(1), 78-86 Brieger A, Bienefeld N, Hasan R, Goerlich R, Haase H (2011) Impact of perfluorooctanesulfonate and perfluorooctanoic acid on human peripheral leukocytes. Toxicol. in Vitro. 25(4), 960-968 Mahltig B, Reibold M, Gutmann E, Textor T, Gutmann J, Haufe H, Haase H (2011) Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles Suitable for Textile Finishing Processes to Produce Textiles with Strong Antibacterial Properties against Different Bacteria Types. Z. Naturforsch. B ...

KleenWater.com PFOS, PFOA, Lead and Cyst Whole House Water Filter System [Pioneer-KW2520HT]PFOS, PFOA and Lead Filter PIONEER is the first of its kind PFOA/PFOS, lead, cyst, chemical, chlorine and chloramine removal filter. Whole House PFOS/PFOA System This is a PFOA/PFOS and lead whole house water filtration system. NSF Certified Filter System Complete whole house water filter system NSF certified for PFOS and PFOA removal. Large tank 8(D) x 40(H) delivers optimal filtration 100,000 gallons of performance per filter cartridge PFOS and PFOA are dangerous carcinogens Quick and Easy DYI filter

3.3.2.6 Determination of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooc-tane sulfonate (PFOS) as lead compounds of perfluorinated chemi-cals (PFC) in sewage sludge and compost by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - L-carnitine via PPARγ- and Sirt1-dependent mechanisms attenuates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis caused by perfluorooctanesulfonate. AU - Chou, Hsiu Chu. AU - Wen, Li Li. AU - Chang, Chih Cheng. AU - Lin, Chien Yu. AU - Jin, Lu. AU - Juan, Shu Hui. PY - 2017/12/1. Y1 - 2017/12/1. N2 - We have previously reported that perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) causes cell apoptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTCs). Here, we extend our findings and provide evidence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated renal fibrosis caused by PFOS and the protection by L-carnitine. Our results demonstrate that PFOS increased the expression of EMT and renal injury biomarkers (eg, N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail, Kim1, and Lcn2). In addition, PFOS caused EMT induction through Sirt1-mediated PPARγ deacetylation and inactivation. L-carnitine reversed the EMT induction caused by PFOS and alleviated PFOS-mediated increases in cellmigration by reactivating PPARγ through ...

Altering and controlling the properties of solid surfaces in aqueous or other liquid phase environments has been a sought after objective for decades. With the discovery of chemisorbed self-assembled monolayers, this dream has become a reality. Oxide and metal surfaces can now be readily coated with an array of commercially available products to produce a desired fnctionality. The presence of these coatings on solid surfaces affects properties of the interfacial region by altering interfacial electrostatic fields, changing the structure of interfacial water molecules and altering the interactions of adsorbed species. This dissertation reports on in situ studies of adsorption at several solid/aqueous interfaces using vibrational sum-frequency spectroscopy, a surface specific technique. These studies are augmented by the use of atomic force microscopy and contact angle goniometry to characterize the prepared surfaces and their interactions with adsorbates. The studies investigate how changes in ...

This invention relates to a process for separating 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane or 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane from a mixture comprising both 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane wherein

The impact of model membrane degradation compounds on the relevant electrochemical parameters for the oxygen reduction reaction (i.e. electrochemical surface area and catalytic activity), was studied for both polycrystalline Pt and carbon supported Pt electrocatalysts. Model compounds, representing previously published, experimentally determined polymer electrolyte membrane degradation products, were in the form of perfluorinated organic acids that contained combinations of carboxylic and/or sulfonic acid functionality. Perfluorinated carboxylic acids of carbon chain length C1 - C6 were found to have an impact on electrochemical surface area (ECA). The longest chain length acid also hindered the observed oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance, resulting in a 17% loss in kinetic current (determined at 0.9 V). Model compounds containing sulfonic acid functional groups alone did not show an effect on Pt ECA or ORR activity. Lastly, greater than a 44% loss in ORR activity at 0.9V was observed ...

Weve been hearing about the potential flash killer for years, and now a team of University of Illinois engineers is claiming that its new phase-change technolo...

Sue Bailey said a simple job transfer at DuPonts Washington Works plant in Parkersburg, West Virginia, changed her family forever.. It was April of 1980. Bailey, an entry-level operator at the facility, was moved to the Teflon unit where she came in contact with fumes from perfluorooctanoic acid, also known as PFOA or C8, the chemical that gives Teflon its nonstick properties.. Nine months later, Baileys son Bucky was born with facial deformities. Many doctors told her they had never seen anything like it before and were not sure he would survive. Now in his mid-30s, he has endured 30 surgeries.. A science panel formed to monitor health risks among Mid-Ohio Valley residents who lived near the plant, did not find a link between C8 exposure and birth defects.. But Bailey and others are not convinced.In a November 1982 memo, DuPonts chief medical director, Dr. Bruce Karrh, expressed concern over employee exposure to C8. The company then barred women of child-bearing age from working around ...

Successful pancreas preservation during storage in oxygenated perfluorodecalin (PFD) is mainly related to oxidative ATP generation during storage. Increasing the storage temperature would accelerate this process essential for resuscitation of ischemically damaged pancreatic tissue. The present study aimed at comparing islet isolation outcome from adult pig pancreata preserved in oxygenated PFD by means of a one-layer method during storage on ice or at 20 degrees C. Resected pancreata were intraductally flushed with cold UW solution and promptly processed (n = 6) or stored for 3 h in continuously oxygenated PFD at 4 degrees C (n = 5) or 20 degrees C (n = 7). Prior to digestion-filtration pancreata were intraductally injected with UW supplemented with Serva collagenase NB8 and neutral protease. Islet quality assessment determined viability, glucose stimulation index, mitochondrial activity, intracellular ATP content, and transplant function in diabetic nude mice. Pancreata oxygenated for 3 h at 20 degrees

TY - JOUR. T1 - Multiplexed femtomolar quantitation of human cytokines in a fluoropolymer microcapillary film. AU - Castanheira, Ana P.. AU - Barbosa, Ana I.. AU - Edwards, Alexander D.. AU - Reis, Nuno M.. PY - 2015/8/21. Y1 - 2015/8/21. N2 - Sensitive quantitation of multiple cytokines can provide important diagnostic information during infection, inflammation and immunopathology. In this study sensitive immunoassay detection of human cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12p70 and TNFα is shown for singleplex and multiplex formats using a novel miniaturized ELISA platform. The platform uses a disposable plastic multi-syringe aspirator (MSA) integrating 8 disposable fluoropolymer microfluidic test strips, each containing an array of ten 200 μm mean i.d. microcapillaries coated with a set of monoclonal antibodies. Each MSA device thus performs 10 tests on 8 samples, delivering 80 measurements. Unprecedented levels of sensitivity were obtained with the novel fluoropolymer microfluidic material and simple ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Safety of echocardiographic contrast in hospitalized patients with pulmonary hypertension. T2 - A multi-center study. AU - Wever-Pinzon, Omar. AU - Suma, Valentin. AU - Ahuja, Ameeta. AU - Romero, Jorge. AU - Sareen, Nishtha. AU - Henry, Sonia A.. AU - De Benedetti Zunino, Maria. AU - Chaudhry, Farhan F.. AU - Suryadevara, Ramya S.. AU - Sherrid, Mark V.. AU - Chaudhry, Farooq A.. PY - 2012/10/1. Y1 - 2012/10/1. N2 - Alms: Echocardiographic contrast (EC) improves the diagnostic accuracy of suboptimal echocardiograms. In October 2007, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) placed a black box warning on the label of the perflutren-based agents Definity and Optison, contraindicating their use in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PHT) and unstable cardiopulmonary status, after serious cardiopulmonary reactions occurred in temporal relation to EC administration. In 2008 and 2011, the FDA revised the black box warning allowing their use in this same population. However, limited ...

Pure fluorocarbon gases can be sold for up to 30 USD/kg, if they were manufactured locally. Due to the absence of local demand, South Africa at present has less than 0.3 % of the fluorochemical market and most fluoro-products used in the South African industry are currently imported. The depolymerisation of waste polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE or Teflon) filters in a nitrogen plasma reactor results in the mixture of gases which includes N2, CF4 and C3F6. An existing challenge entails the separation of these gases, which is currently attained by an energy intensive cryogenic distillation process. Both the small energy requirements as well as the small process streams required, make a membrane separation an ideal alternative to the current distillation process. Based on our research groups existing expertise in the field of zeolite membranes, it was decided to investigate the separation capability of zeolite (MFI, NaA, NaY, and hydroxysodalite) coated tubular ceramic membranes for the separation of ...

Sept. 08--When Eve Ison found out Thursday that a potentially harmful chemical had been detected in the groundwater at the Chemours plant near her house, she recalled a meeting more than 11 years ago.. Ison and about 80 of her neighbors heard representatives from what was then the DuPont plant talk about chemicals in the water. She still has the five pages of notes she took at the March 2006 meeting.. I knew one day I was going to need that, she said.. That meeting focused on C8, a suspected carcinogen that DuPont was producing. The company agreed in 2009 to stop making it after it faced a class action lawsuit from thousands of people in Ohio and West Virginia.. DuPont slightly altered the chemical, which is known as a perfluorooctanoic acid, or PFOA, and named it GenX. The company started using GenX at its Fayetteville Works plant off N.C. 87 in northern Bladen County, at the Cumberland County line.. DuPonts spinoff company, Chemours, continued to use GenX, which was discovered in the Cape ...

CHICAGO Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a manmade chemical used in the manufacture of some common household products, appears to be associated with c

Stewart, David J., Purvis, Duncan R., Lowe, Christopher R. (1990) Affinity chromatography on novel perfluorocarbon supports : Immobilisation of C.I. reactive blue 2 on a polyvinyl alcohol-coated perfluoropolymer support and its application in affinity chromatography. Journal of Chromatography A, 510. pp. 177-187. ISSN 0021-9673 ...

Proposed improvements to Massapequa Water District facilities will be the subject of an Oyster Bay Town Board hearing next month. The commissioners of the water district have asked the town board to a

Affiliation：Tokyo Medical and Dental University,Department of Anesthesiology & Critcal Care Medicine,Assistant Professor,大学院医歯学総合研究科,助手, Research Field：Anesthesiology/Resuscitation studies,麻酔学,Anesthesiology/Resuscitation studies, Keywords：ARDS,Partial liquid ventilation,Liquid ventilation,呼吸不全,液体換気,一酸化窒素,PEEP,Perflubron,オレイン酸肺傷害,IL-8, # of Research Projects：8, # of Research Products：6

Paproski RJ, Jovel J, Wong GKS, Lewis JD, Zemp RJ. Enhanced Detection of Cancer Biomarkers in Blood-Borne Extracellular Vesicles Using Nanodroplets and Focused Ultrasound. Cancer Res. 77(1): 3-13, 2017.. Shi W, Paproski RJ, Shao P, Forbrich A, Lewis JD, Zemp RJ. Multimodality Raman and photoacoustic imaging of surface-enhanced-Raman-scattering-targeted tumor cells. J Biomed Opt. 21(2): 20503, 2016.. Paproski RJ, Forbrich A, Huynh E, Chen J, Lewis JD, Zheng G, Zemp RJ. Porphyrin Nanodroplets: Sub-micrometer Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Contrast Imaging Agents. Small. 12(3):371-80, 2016.. Paproski RJ, Li Y, Barber Q, Lewis JD, Campbell RE, Zemp RJ. Validating tyrosinase homologue melA as a photoacoustic reporter gene for imaging Escherichia coli. J Biomed Opt. 20(10): 106008, 2015.. Forbrich A, Paproski RJ, Hitt M, Zemp RJ. Comparing efficiency of micro-RNA and mRNA biomarker liberation with microbubble-enhanced ultrasound exposure. Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. 40(9): 2207-16, 2014.. Paproski ...

Global Fluorotelomers Market is expected to reach USD 539.3 million by 2020, according to a new study by Grand View Research, Inc. Increased use of fluorotelomers in fire fighting foams and textiles is expected to drive demand over the next six years. The market is still in the nascent stage and is expected to gain significant share over the forecast period on account of substitution of other flurocarbons.. These products are preferred on account of their non-toxic nature and the fact that they do not bio-accumulate in animals. Fluorotelomer alcohols such as TEOH-4 and TEOH-6 were the largest consumed product segment in 2013 and accounted for over 30% of global consumption. Fluorotelomer iodide is expected to be the fastest growing product segment at an estimated CAGR of 13.1% from 2014 to 2020.. Full Research Report on Global Fluorotelomers Market Analysis ...

The Walk to End Alzheimers is the worlds largest event to fight Alzheimers. Join our 2021 Walk to End Alzheimers - Mid-Ohio Valley and help raise awareness and funds for vital Alzheimers care, support and research.

Background: The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that flow patterns in the right ventricle are abnormal in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF). High-resolution echocardiographic contrast particle imaging velocimetry was used to investigate rotation intensity and kinetic energy dissipation of right ventricular (RV) flow in patients with TOF compared with normal controls. Methods: Forty-one subjects (16 with repaired TOF and varying degrees of RV dilation and 25 normal controls) underwent prospective contrast imaging using the lipid-encapsulated microbubble (Definity) on Sequoia systems. A mechanical index of 0.4, three-beat high-frame rate (,60 Hz) captures, and harmonic frequencies were used. Rotation intensity and kinetic energy dissipation of flow in the right and left ventricles were studied (Hyperflow). Ventricular volumes and ejection fractions in all subjects were derived from same-day cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Results: Measurable planar maps ...

To provide a fluoropolymer suitable for use as a base polymer for resist materials for excimer lasers having a wavelength of 250 nm or shorter. A fluoropolymer having a monomer unit formed by cyclopolymerization of a fluorinated diene compound represented by the following formula (3), CF2═CFCF2-C(CF3)(R5)-CH2CH═CH2 (3) wherein R5 is either a hydroxyl group blocked by -CHR7-O-R8 or an organic group having the hydroxyl group, and R8 is a cyclic saturated hydrocarbon such as a cycloalkyl group which may have a substituent, or an organic group having the cyclic saturated hydrocarbon.

Deitzler PARKERSBURG - An independent panel of scientists has linked exposure to PFOA -- a chemical used in making non-stick coatings -- to both kidney and testicular cancer in humans.

Principal Investigator：UNNO Naoki, Project Period (FY)：2000 - 2002, Research Category：Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B), Section：展開研究, Research Field：General surgery

Ispan C3F8 Intraocular Gases,Alcon offers medical grade perfluoropropane (C3F8) intraocular gases for ophthalmological use.,medicine,medical supply,medical supplies,medical product

Dear Reader,. We know that dangerous chemicals like hormone disruptors are found in many products.. Thats why EWG has partnered with the Keep A Breast Foundation to develop our latest report - the Dirty Dozen list of endocrine disruptors.. There is no end to the tricks that endocrine disruptors can play on our bodies: increasing production of certain hormones; decreasing production of others; imitating hormones; turning one hormone into another - and so much more.. Click here to see this list of the dirtiest and most common endocrine disruptors.. The EWG/KAB Dirty Dozen list includes BPA, phthalates and other endocrine disruptors that are widespread in consumer products such as plastic containers, food cans and fragrances. The list also includes common contaminants that many people dont realize can be hormone disruptors, not only those familiar toxins - arsenic, mercury and lead - but other, less familiar chemicals such as glycol ethers and perfluorinated chemicals. The guide is intended for ...

Limited Brands, which also owns La Senza, a Canadian intimate-apparel line, will kick off its commitment by disclosing discharge data from 80 percent of its worldwide supply chain by the end of 2013, according to the environmental nonprofit. The corporation has also committed to a complete ban of perfluorinated chemicals, a class of industrial chemicals used primarily to repel water and oil in outerwear, by July 2015.. Limited Brands has the chance to move from toxic villain to Detox angel with its commitment to completely eliminate all hazardous chemicals from its supply chains and products, says Marietta Harjono, Detox campaigner at Greenpeace International. The onus is now on the company to follow up on its ambitious statement and quickly turn words into action.. Other companies that have answered Greenpeaces call are Adidas, C&A, Esprit, H&M, Levi Strauss, Li-Ning, Mango, Nike, Puma, Marks & Spencer, Uniqlo, Zara, and most recently, Benetton. Companies that still need to enter the ...

Nonstick cookware isnt the healthiest option, thanks to toxic chemicals. Whats a home cook to do? Here are seven nonstick cookware alternatives.

Ion-exchange membranes are widely used in modern technologies, particularly in the field of water treatment and make it possible to considerably reduce expenses for wastewater treatment and ensure high degree of purification. Currently, perfluorinated sulfated proton-conducting membranes are often used, such as NAFION and its Russian analogue, MF-4SK based on co-polymerization product of a perfluorinated vinyl ether with tetrafluoroethylene. However, with development of the industry, materials with improved properties and lower cost are required. The aim is to obtain ion-exchange membranes for water treatment from metal ions and to study physico-chemical properties of obtained membranes. In this study, cation exchange composite membranes with modified polyaniline surface layer on nylon and PTFE substrate have been obtained. Changes in the structure of membranes were recorded using a microscope. Throughput capacity of the membranes was determined by passing a certain volume of distilled water through the

Batch studies will be performed using both aerobic activated sludge and anaerobic digester sludge to determine biotransformation pathways of PFACs and initial kinetic parameters. Additional kinetic studies will be performed using continuously stirred reactors with cell retention (porous pot reactors) to approximate activated sludge treatment. In an attempt to shift microbial community structure towards increased PFAC degradation rates, actively-degrading cultures will be successively transferred to new medium containing PFACs. Microbial communities will be assessed using terminal restriction length fragment polymorphism (T-RFLP). ...

Stimulus funds from Massachusetts Recovery Zone Facility Bonds will help Pharmalucence build a new drug production plant in Billerica, Massachusetts.