During the last decade it has become clear that periodontal ligament fibroblasts may contribute to the in vitro differentiation of osteoclasts. We surveyed the current findings regarding their osteoclastogenesis potential. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts have the capacity to select and attract osteoclast precursors and subsequently to retract and enable migration of osteoclast precursors to the bone surface. There, fusion of precursors takes place, giving rise to osteoclasts. The RANKL-RANK-osteoprotegerin (OPG) axis is considered crucial in this process. Periodontal ligament fibroblasts produce primarily OPG, an osteoclastogenesis-inhibitory molecule. However, they may be influenced in vivo by direct or indirect interactions with bacteria or by mechanical loading. Incubation of periodontal ligament fibroblasts with bacteria or bacterial components causes an increased expression of RANKL and other osteoclastogenesis-stimulating molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and macrophage-colony ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The effect of carboxymethyl-chitosan on proliferation and collagen secretion of normal and keloid skin fibroblasts. AU - Chen, Xi Guang. AU - Wang, Zhen. AU - Liu, Wan Shun. AU - Park, Hyun Jin. PY - 2002/12. Y1 - 2002/12. N2 - In this study, different molecular weight CM-chitosans were prepared and the effects on the growth and collagen secretion of normal skin fibroblasts and keloid fibroblasts were investigated in vitro. CM-chitosan promoted the proliferation of the normal skin fibroblast significantly but inhibited the proliferation of keloid fibroblast. The higher CM-chitosan concentration had a higher initial effect and the lower CM-chitosan concentration had a longer affecting time to the normal skin fibroblast. The lower molecular weight CM-chitosan had significant twofold activities. The CM-chitosan could reduce the ratio of type I/III collagen in keloid fibroblast by inhibiting the secretion of collagen type I; and had no effect on the secretion of types I and III ...

Normal human fibroblasts display a limited lifespan in culture, which is due to a steadily decreasing fraction of cells that are able to proliferate. Using antibodies that react with antigens present in proliferating cells only, in an indirect immunofluorescence assay, we have estimated the fraction of proliferating cells in cultures of normal human fibroblasts. Furthermore, we have estimated the rate of decline in the fraction of proliferating cells during the process of cellular ageing by application of the assay to normal human fibroblasts throughout their lifespan in culture. Werners Syndrome is an autosomal recessive disease in which individuals display symptoms of ageing prematurely. Werners Syndrome fibroblasts display a reduced lifespan in culture compared with normal human fibroblasts. Like normal human fibroblasts, the growth of Werners Syndrome fibroblasts is characterised by a decreasing fraction of cells reacting with the proliferation-associated antibodies throughout their ...

Keloid pathogenesis occurs due to the longer duration of inflammation and the increase in the production of several factors such as TGF-β1 that causes the increase of fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis. The role of B4 Leukotriene (LTB4) in keloid pathogenesis particularly in the inflammation phase and tissue proliferation has not been clearly elucidated. The present study was to analyze the levels of LTB4, TGF-β1 and collagen in keloid fibroblast and normal skin fibroblast. Fibroblasts were cultured by applying explant method to the keloid and normal skin of the petient with the keloid. The measurement of the levels of LTB4, TGF-β1 and collagen was conducted by using Elisa method and triplicate was conducted subsequently. Statistic testing was performed through unpaired t test. The experiment was carried out in cell culture laboratory of The Faculty of Medicine Padjajaran University Bandung. The levels of LTB4, TGF-β1 are higher in keloid fibroblast, despite the fact that it does not

Proteoglycan from salmon nasal cartilage promotes in vitro wound healing of fibroblast monolayers via the CD44 receptorProteoglycan from salmon nasal cartilage promotes in vitro wound healing of fibroblast monolayers via the CD44 receptor ...

Enalaprilat (Ena.), an angiotensin II (Ang II) converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), can produce some therapeutic effects on hypertension, ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial remodeling in clinic, but its precise mechanism, especially its signaling pathways remain elusive. In this study, cardiac fibroblasts (CFb) was isolated by the trypsin digestion method; a BrdU proliferation assay was adopted to determine cell proliferation; an immunofluorescence assay was used to measure intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS); immunocytochemistry staining and Western blotting assay were used to detect phosphorylated p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p-p38MAPK) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein expression, respectively. The results showed that Ang II (10-7 M) stimulated the cardiac fibroblast proliferation which was inhibited by NAC (an antioxidant), SB203580 (a p38MAPK inhibitor) or enalaprilat; Ang II caused an burst of intracellular ROS level within thirty minutes, an increase in p

Over the last years, electronic cigarettes (ECs) have become more popular, particularly in individuals who want to give up smoking tobacco. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of the different e-smoking liquids on the viability and proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. For this study six test solutions with components from ECs were selected: lime-, hazelnut- and menthol-flavored liquids, nicotine, propylene glycol, and PBS as control group. The fibroblasts were incubated up to 96 h with the different liquids, and cell viability was measured by using the PrestoBlue® reagent, the ATP detection and the migration assay. Fluorescence staining was carried out to visualize cell growth and morphology. Data were statistically analyzed by two-tailed one-way ANOVA. The cell viability assay showed that the proliferation rates of the cells incubated with nicotine or the various flavored liquids of the e-cigarettes were reduced in comparison to the controls, though not all

OBJECTIVE To compare the mechanotransduction caused by cyclic and static mechanical strains in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) cultured under identical conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS hPDLFs, originating from the same donors, were exposed either to cyclic or to static tensile strain using specially designed devices and under identical culture conditions. Activation of all members of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was monitored by western immunoblot analysis. Expression levels of immediate/early genes c-fos and c-jun were assessed with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Time course experiments revealed that both types of stresses activate the three members of MAPK, that is ERK, p38, and JNK, with cyclic stress exhibiting a slightly more extended activation. Further downstream, both stresses upregulate the immediate/early genes c-fos and c-jun, encoding components of the activator protein-1 (AP-1), a key transcription factor in osteoblastic ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Differential binding of 125I-IGF-I preparations to human fibroblast monolayers. AU - Conover, C. A.. AU - Misra, P.. AU - Hintz, R. L.. AU - Rosenfeld, R. G.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1988. Y1 - 1988. N2 - Specific, high affinity binding of 125I-IGF-I to the type I IGF receptor on human fibroblast monolayers was not altered by varying feeding schedules, serum lots, washing procedures, or incubation times and temperatures. However, markedly different competitive binding curves were obtained when different iodinated IGF-I preparations were used. Five of six radioligands bound preferentially to the type I IGF receptor on human fibroblast monolayers, with 50% displacement at 4-8 μg/l unlabelled IGF-I; with one radioligand a paradoxical 20-200% increase in 125I-IGF-I binding was observed at low concentrations of unlabelled IGF-I, while concentrations as high as 100 μg/l IGF-I failed to displace this radioligand. The latter binding ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase regulates TGF-β mediated lung fibroblast differentiation. AU - Huang, Long Shuang. AU - Jiang, Peiyue. AU - Feghali-Bostwick, Carol. AU - Reddy, Sekhar P.. AU - Garcia, Joe G.N.. AU - Natarajan, Viswanathan. PY - 2017/11. Y1 - 2017/11. N2 - Lysocardiolipin acyltransferase (LYCAT), a cardiolipin remodeling enzyme, plays a key role in mitochondrial function and vascular development. We previously reported that reduced LYCAT mRNA levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells correlated with poor pulmonary function outcomes and decreased survival in IPF patients. Further LYCAT overexpression reduced lung fibrosis, and LYCAT knockdown accentuated experimental pulmonary fibrosis. NADPH Oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression and oxidative stress are known to contribute to lung fibroblast differentiation and progression of fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the role of LYCAT in TGF-β mediated differentiation of human lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effects of (1→3), (1→6)-β-D-glucan behavior in human dermal fibroblast cells under serum starvation. AU - Woo, Yeon I.. AU - Son, Hyun Joo. AU - Lim, Hye Ryeon. AU - Lee, Mi Hee. AU - Baek, Hyun Sook. AU - Tsubaki, Kazufumi. AU - Park, Jong Chul. PY - 2007. Y1 - 2007. N2 - Glucans have been reported to stimulate immunity and to promote wound healing. Adult human dermal fibroblast (aHDF) cultured in serum free (serum-starvation). Proliferation of aHDF was measured at various concentrations of β-glucan by MTT assay, and migration was observed for 36h on microscope. The result of fibroblast bioassay, β-glucan had positive influence. In this study, the direct effects of β-glucan on proliferation and migration of human dermal fibroblasts were examined in vitro. That means β-D-glucan has the effect to enhance proliferation and aHDF migration speed, and has the potential as a wound healing agent.. AB - Glucans have been reported to stimulate immunity and to promote wound ...

The roles of MEK, ERK, the epsilon and alpha isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC), and caveolin-1 in regulating collagen expression were studied in normal lung fibroblasts. Knocking down caveolin-1 gave particularly striking results. A 70% decrease caused a 5-fold increase in MEK/ERK activation and collagen expression. The combined data reveal a branched signaling pathway. In its central portion MEK activates ERK, leading to increased collagen expression. Two branches converge on MEK/ERK. In one, increased PKCepsilon leads to MEK/ERK activation. In another, increased PKCalpha induces caveolin-1 expression, which in turn inhibits MEK/ERK activation and collagen expression. Lung fibroblasts from scleroderma patients with pulmonary fibrosis showed altered signaling. Consistent with their overexpression of collagen, scleroderma lung fibroblasts contain more activated MEK/ERK and less caveolin-1 than normal lung fibroblasts. Because cutaneous fibrosis is the hallmark of scleroderma, we also studied ...

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD) and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, resulting in a growing social and economic burden. The prevalence and burden of CKD is anticipated to further increase over the next decades as a result of aging. In the pathogenesis of CKD, irrespective of the etiology, resident fibroblasts are key players and have been demonstrated to play crucial roles for disease initiation and progression. In response to injury, resident fibroblasts transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts that express alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and have an increased capacity to produce large amounts of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, leading to renal fibrosis. In addition to this fundamental role of fibroblasts as drivers for renal fibrosis, growing amounts of evidence have shown that resident fibroblasts are also actively involved in initiating and promoting inflammation during kidney injury. During the myofibroblastic transition

Nature Reviews Nephrology. fibroblast synovial cells and chondrocytes [13]. Obese osteoarthritis patients exhibit an inflammatory synovial fibroblast phenotype, which is regulated by the long non coding RNA MALAT1 November 2019 Arthritis and Rheumatology 72(4) Because we focused on the synovium, mTOR and lysophosphatidic acid were not described in greater detail, as these factors were only found to be elevated in chondrocytes/cartilage and not in synovial fibroblasts or the synovium. eCollection 2019. Bank RA Verzijl N Lafeber FP Tekoppele JM. In the past, OA was considered a disease of the cartilage only. The Smad-independent TAK-1 pathway has been shown to have profibrotic effects in regulating the expression of ECM proteins, including collagens and fibronectin [41]. OBJECTIVE: Changes in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblast (RASF) gene expression are usually defined by a comparison to osteoarthritis synovial fibroblasts (OASFs). CTGF, like TGF-β, is found to be elevated in many fibrotic ...

Authors: Tang CH, Hsu CJ, Yang WH, Fong YC. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of developing infections and appear to be particularly susceptible to septic arthritis. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria is an amphiphilic, negatively charged glycolipid. However, the effects of LTA on human synovial fibroblasts are largely unknown. We investigated the signaling pathway involved in IL-6 production stimulated by LTA in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF). LTA caused concentration- and time-dependent increases in IL-6 production. LTA-mediated IL-6 production was attenuated by Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) monoclonal antibody or siRNA. Pretreatment with PKCdelta inhibitor (rottlerin), c-Src inhibitor (PP2), AP-1 inhibitor (tanshinone IIA) and NF-kappaB inhibitor (PDTC and TPCK) also inhibited the potentiating action of LTA. However, focal adhesion kinase (FAK) mutant and siRNA did not affect LTA-mediated IL-6 production. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Modulation of fibroblast morphology and adhesion during collagen matrix remodeling. AU - Tamariz, Elisa. AU - Grinnell, Frederick. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2005 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2002/11/1. Y1 - 2002/11/1. N2 - When fibroblasts are placed within a three-dimensional collagen matrix, cell locomotion results in translocation of the flexible collagen fibrils of the matrix, a remodeling process that has been implicated in matrix morphogenesis during development and wound repair. In the current experiments, we studied formation and maturation of cell-matrix interactions under conditions in which we could distinguish local from global matrix remodeling. Local remodeling was measured by the movement of collagen-embedded beads towards the cells. Global remodeling was measured by matrix contraction. Our observations show that no direct relationship occurs between protrusion and retraction of cell extensions and collagen matrix remodeling. As fibroblasts globally ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - WISP1, a pro-mitogenic, pro-survival factor, mediates tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated cardiac fibroblast proliferation but inhibits TNF-α-induced cardiomyocyte death. AU - Venkatachalam, Kaliyamurthi. AU - Venkatesan, Balachander. AU - Valente, Anthony J.. AU - Melby, Peter. AU - Nandish, Sailesh. AU - Reusch, Jane E B. AU - Clark, Robert A.. AU - Chandrasekar, Bysani. PY - 2009/5/22. Y1 - 2009/5/22. N2 - WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a member of the CYR61/CTGF/Nov family of growth factors, can mediate cell growth, transformation, and survival. Previously we demonstrated that WISP1 is up-regulated in post-infarct heart, stimulates cardiac fibroblast proliferation, and is induced by the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Here we investigated (i) the localization of TNF-α and WISP1 in post-infarct heart, (ii) the mechanism of TNF-α-mediated WISP1 induction in primary human cardiac fibroblasts (CF), (iii) the role of ...

Leukoregulin (LR), a T-cell-derived growth factor, modulates fibroblast functions in vitro [Mauviel, Rédini, Hartmann, Loyau & Pujol (1991) J. Cell Biol. 113, 1455-1462]. In the present study, incubation of human dermal fibroblasts with LR (0.1-2 units/ml) resulted in decreases in the mRNA steady-state levels for alpha 1(I), alpha 2(I) and alpha 1(III), but not alpha 2(V), collagen genes. LR also down-regulated alpha 2(I) collagen promoter activity in transient cell transfections of control cells as well as those incubated with transforming growth factor-beta, a potent up-regulator of collagen type I gene expression. Thus LR is a strong inhibitor of type I collagen gene expression, acting at the level of transcription. ...

Huang, S.-M., Zuo, X., Li, J. J., Li, S. F. Y., Bay, B. H. and Ong, C. N. (2012), Metabolomics Studies Show Dose-Dependent Toxicity Induced by SiO2 Nanoparticles in MRC-5 Human Fetal Lung Fibroblasts. Advanced Healthcare Materials, 1: 779-784. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201200114 ...

Cynomolgus Monkey Primary Cardiac Fibroblasts. Catalog No. MK-6049. Suggested Medium: Catalog No. M2267 Fibroblast Medium /w Kit (500 ml). Product Description. Monkey Primary Cardiac Fibroblasts from Cell Biologics are isolated from tissue of Cynomolgus Monkey. Monkey Primary Cardiac Fibroblasts are grown in T25 tissue culture flasks pre-coated with gelatin-based solution for 0.5 hour and incubated in Cell Biologics Culture Complete Growth Medium generally for 3-7 days. Cultures are then expanded. Prior to shipping, cells are detached from flasks and immediately cryo-preserved in vials. Each vial contains at least 1x106 cells per ml and is delivered frozen. Monkey Primary Cardiac Fibroblasts are negative for bacteria, yeast, fungi, and mycoplasma. Cells can be expanded for 3-6 passages at a split ratio of 1:3 under the cell culture conditions specified by Cell Biologics. Repeated freezing and thawing of cells is not recommended.. Laboratory Applications. Standard biochemical procedures performed ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinical variation in X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy. T2 - Fatty acid and lipid metabolism in cultured fibroblasts. AU - Boles, Debra J.. AU - Craft, Debra A.. AU - Padgett, David A.. AU - Loria, Roger M.. AU - Rizzo, William B.. PY - 1991/2. Y1 - 1991/2. N2 - To determine whether the clinical phenotype of ALD correlates with the extent of metabolic abnormality, we investigated VLFA metabolism in cultured fibroblasts from patients with the clinically severe childhood form of ALD and the milder AMN variant. No differences were seen in the content of neutral lipids or phospholipids, in incorporation of [1-14C]lignocerate into cellular lipids, or in the fatty acid composition of fibroblasts from patients with childhood ALD or AMN. [1-14C]Lignocerate oxidation was deficient to a similar extent (35-40% of normal) in both intact fibroblasts and cell homogenates from patients with childhood ALD and AMN. With the use of fibroblast homogenates, oxidation of lignocerate was partially ...

Chronic airway diseases like COPD and asthma are usually accompanied with airway fibrosis. Myofibroblasts, which are characterized by expression of smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), play an important role in a variety of developmental and pathological processes, including fibrosis and wound healing. Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), a sphingolipid metabolite, has been implicated in many physiological and pathological conditions. The current study tested the hypothesis that SPC may modulate tissue remodeling by affecting the expression of a-SMA in human fetal lung fibroblast (HFL-1) and fibroblast mediated gel contraction. The results show that SPC stimulates a-SMA expression in HFL-1 and augments HFL-1 mediated collagen gel contraction in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. The a-SMA protein expression and fibroblast gel contraction induced by SPC was not blocked by TGF-beta 1 neutralizing antibody: However, it was significantly blocked by S1P2 receptor antagonist JTE-013, the ...

Several cell surface proteins (Mr=120,000, 90,000, 63,000 and 47,000) apparently integral to embryonic fibroblast plasma membranes were extracted with detergent and isolated by collagen affinity chromatography. Certain of these proteins (Mr=120,000, 90,000 and 47,000) were specifically eluted from collagen affinity columns by synthetic peptides containing the amino acid sequence arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid (RGD). These data show that a number of collagen binding proteins exist on the embryonic fibroblast cell surface. Some of the proteins may be collagen receptors binding to RGD sequences in the collagen molecule while at least one of the proteins (Mr=63,000) recognizes features other than RGD. ...

Synovial fibroblasts isolated from human synovium. High quality synovial fibroblasts from human synovium cryopreserved and provided as frozen aliquots. Human synovial fibroblasts can be from patients with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or with no

Synovial fibroblasts isolated from human synovium. High quality synovial fibroblasts from human synovium cryopreserved and provided as frozen aliquots. Human synovial fibroblasts can be from patients with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, or with no

TY - CONF. T1 - Effects of THz radiation on human fibroblasts in-vitro: Exposure set-up and biological endpoints. AU - Gallerano, G.P.. AU - Giovenale, E.. AU - Nenzi, P.. AU - De Amicis, A.. AU - De Sanctis, S.. AU - Di Cristofaro, S.. AU - Franchini, V.. AU - Lista, F.. AU - Regalbuto, E.. AU - Sgura, A.. AU - Coluzzi, E.. AU - Bei, R.. AU - Fantini, M.. AU - Benvenuto, M.. AU - Masuelli, L.. PY - 2014/11/13. Y1 - 2014/11/13. N2 - In vitro exposures of human fibroblasts have been performed in a wide band between 100 and 150 GHz using the ENEA Compact Free Electron Laser. The methodology of the study and the exposure set-up will be presented together with an analysis of preliminary results.. AB - In vitro exposures of human fibroblasts have been performed in a wide band between 100 and 150 GHz using the ENEA Compact Free Electron Laser. The methodology of the study and the exposure set-up will be presented together with an analysis of preliminary results.. UR - ...

Senussi O.A.; Carwright T.; Thompson P., 1979: Resolution of human fibroblast interferon into 2 distinct classes by thiol exchange chromatography

Synthesis of new tissue by fibroblasts is required for tissue rebuilding in response to injury. Fibroblast migration from surrounding healthy tissue into the fibrin-fibronectin provisional matrix deposited upon injury is a key rate-limiting step of this stage of tissue repair. These events must be tightly regulated. Excessive deposition of scar tissue is the major hallmark of fibrotic disease. Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein that is transiently expressed upon tissue injury, where it is specifically localized to the wound edge, and persistently up-regulated in fibrotic disease. We have shown that full-length tenascin-C promotes fibroblast migration within fibrin-fibronectin matrices and we have mapped the domains within the molecule critical for enhancing migration. We also demonstrated that specific fragments of tenascin-C inhibit fibroblast migration. These results suggest that transient expression of tenascin-C at the wound boundary is key to tissue repair: its induction recruits

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease with a median survival of only three to 5 years. Fibroblast proliferation is a hallmark of IPF as is secretion of extracellular matrix proteins from fibroblasts. However, it is still uncertain how IPF fibroblasts acquire the ability to progressively proliferate. Periostin is a matricellular protein highly expressed in the lung tissues of IPF patients, playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. However, it remains undetermined whether periostin affects lung fibroblast proliferation. In this study, we first aimed at identifying periostin-dependently expressed genes in lung fibroblasts using DNA microarrays. We then examined whether expression of cyclins and CDKs controlling cell cycle progression occur in a periostin-dependent manner. We next examined whether downregulation of cell proliferation-promoting genes by knockdown of periostin or integrin, a periostin receptor, using siRNA, is reflected in the cell proliferation

The understanding of cell-surface interactions plays an important role for the biomaterials development and bioengineering. Although it is already known that amine groups increase the cell adhesion and proliferation, the influence of amine layers properties on cell viability is the subject of further investigation. In this work, amine-rich coatings were prepared by low pressure plasma polymerization of cyclopropylamine using radio frequency (RF) capacitively coupled discharge. Normal human dermal fibroblasts were chosen for the monitoring of biological response to the properties of amine layers. As a superior technique for the label-free monitoring of the cell-surface interaction, coherence-controlled holographic microscopy (CCHM) was exploited. CCHM enables quantitative phase imaging. From such images, valuable morphological parameters of cells directly related to the cell dry mass can be extracted. Based on those parameters, viability of cells cultivated on the plasmatreated surfaces with ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Marked reduction of alcohol dehydrogenase in keratoconus corneal fibroblasts. AU - Mootha, Venkateswara. AU - Kanoff, J. M.. AU - Shankardas, J.. AU - Dimitrijevich, S.. PY - 2009/4/10. Y1 - 2009/4/10. N2 - Purpose: To identify differentially expressed genes in keratoconus (KC) corneal fibroblasts. Methods: Stromal keratocytes (having a fibroblast morphology) from KC keratoplasty specimens and eye bank donor corneas were isolated and expanded using a serum containing medium. RNA was isolated from three KC fibroblast cultures and five eye bank donor cornea fibroblast cultures. The targets from the cultured fibroblasts were hybridized to the Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 microarrays. Western blot analyses of cell lysates were performed to examine protein levels of interest in the two groups. Protein levels of select differentially expressed genes were further examined by immunohistochemistry. Keratocyte staining of archived KC keratoplasty specimens were graded using a 0 to 3+ scale and ...

The addition of cardiac fibroblast-conditioned medium to purified cardiomyocyte cultures was associated with 1) cell hypertrophy, 2) vimentin expression in the presence of MyHC, and 3) markedly reduced spontaneous rhythmic contractions intrinsic to untreated cultured cardiomyocytes. These effects on cardiomyocyte structure and chronotropy in fibroblast-conditioned medium differed both in nature and time frame from the dedifferentiation or fetal gene program previously delineated in cardiomyocytes cultured under standard conditions (9, 11-14). For example, the progressive emergence of α-smooth muscle actin across all culture conditions was consistent with the dedifferentiation paradigm in contrast to vimentin expression specific to the fibroblast-conditioned medium (9, 14). These data suggest that cardiac fibroblasts introduced a soluble factor or factors into the medium that altered cardiomyocyte function and phenotype by either 1) a direct cell membrane or intracellular interaction or 2) ...

ATCC® Normal Adult Human Primary Dermal Fibroblasts, when grown in Fibroblast Basal Media supplemented with Fibroblast Growth Kit components, provide an ideal cell system to propagate dermal fibroblasts in either serum-free or low serum conditions. The cells are cryopreserved in their first passage to ensure the highest viability and plating efficiency. ATCC® Primary Cell Solutions™ cells, media, supplements and reagents are quality tested together to guarantee optimum performance and reliability.

Endogenous electric currents generated instantly at skin wounds direct migration of epithelial cells and are likely to be important in wound healing. Migration of fibroblasts is critical in wound healing. It remains unclear how wound electric fields guide migration of dermal fibroblasts. We report here that mouse skin wounds generated endogenous electric currents for many hours. Human dermal fibroblasts of both primary and cell-line cultures migrated directionally but slowly toward the anode in an electric field of 50-100 mV mm−1. This is different from keratinocytes, which migrate quickly to the cathode. It took more than 1 hour for dermal fibroblasts to manifest detectable directional migration. Larger field strength (400 mV mm−1) was required to induce directional migration within 1 hour after onset of the field. Phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3 kinase) mediates cathode-directed migration of keratinocytes. We tested the role of PI3 kinase in anode-directed migration of fibroblasts. ...

Cells invade tissues by sending out actin-rich protrusions called invadopodia that contain proteolytic enzymes that degrade the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Fibroblasts without Snail1 formed fewer invadopodia and were less able to degrade the ECM. Rowe et al. transplanted the Snail1-deficient fibroblasts into chick embryos and found that they were completely unable to penetrate the basement membrane and the complex mix of ECM proteins beneath. Moreover, unlike wild-type fibroblasts, Snail1-deficient cells didnt stimulate the ingrowth of new blood vessels-another key function of fibroblasts during wound healing and tissue remodeling.. The team thinks that in addition to its role in EMT, Snail1 also acts as a master regulator of fibroblast function. In cancer cells, says author Grant Rowe, sustained Snail1 expression may not only cause a loss of epithelial markers but also promote tumor aggression by stimulating tissue invasion and angiogenesis.. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor (17-AAG) Induces Apoptosis and Decreases Cell Migration/Motility of Keloid Fibroblasts. AU - Yun, In Sik. AU - Lee, Mi Hee. AU - Rah, Dong Kyun. AU - Lew, Dae Hyun. AU - Park, Jong Chul. AU - Lee, Won Jai. PY - 2015/7/4. Y1 - 2015/7/4. N2 - Background: The regulation of apoptosis, proliferation, and migration of fibroblasts is altered in keloids. The 90-kDa heat shock protein (heat shock protein 90) is known to play a key role in such regulation. Therefore, the authors investigated whether the inhibition of heat shock protein 90 in keloid fibroblasts could induce apoptosis and attenuate keloid fibroblast proliferation and migration. Methods: The authors evaluated heat shock protein 90 expression in keloid tissues with immunohistochemistry. The authors used cell viability [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays and annexin V/propidium iodide staining for apoptosis, a wound healing model and cell tracking system to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - MicroRNA expression analysis of human skin fibroblasts treated with high-fluence light-emitting diode-red light. AU - Mamalis, Andrew. AU - Koo, Eugene. AU - Tepper, Clifford G. AU - Jagdeo, Jared. PY - 2019/1/1. Y1 - 2019/1/1. N2 - Skin fibrosis is a chronic debilitating feature of several skin diseases that lead to characteristic increases in dermal fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition through upregulation in components of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B)/SMAD pathway. In contrast to ultraviolet phototherapy, high-fluence light-emitting diode-generated red light (HF-LED-RL, 633 ± 15 nm) is a safe, economic and non-invasive therapy with in vitro evidence that supports modulation of the key cellular characteristics involved in the pathogenesis of skin fibrosis. Limited data exists pertaining to the effects of HF-LED-RL on human skin fibroblast microRNA (miRNA). Herein, we explored the effects of HF-LED-RL on fibroblast miRNA levels using RNA-seq and miRNA ...

Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation is a promising therapy for ischemic diseases such as ischemic myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. However, limitation of EPC sources remains a major obstacle. Direct reprogramming has become a powerful tool to produce EPCs from fibroblasts. Some recent efforts successfully directly reprogrammed human fibroblasts into functional EPCs; however, the procedure efficacy was low. This study therefore aimed to improve the efficacy of direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts to functional EPCs. Human fibroblasts isolated from foreskin were directly reprogrammed into EPCs by viral ETV2 transduction. Reprogramming efficacy was improved by culturing transduced fibroblasts in hypoxia conditions (5 % oxygen). Phenotype analyses confirmed that single-factor ETV2 transduction successfully reprogrammed dermal fibroblasts into functional EPCs. Hypoxia treatment during the reprogramming procedure increased the efficacy of reprogramming from 1.21 ± 0.61 % in

TY - JOUR. T1 - Stromal fibroblasts support dendritic cells to maintain IL-23/Th17 responses after exposure to ionizing radiation. AU - Malecka, Anna. AU - Wang, Qunwei. AU - Shah, Sabaria. AU - Sutavani, Ruhcha V.. AU - Spendlove, Ian. AU - Ramage, Judith M.. AU - Greensmith, Julie. AU - Franks, Hester A.. AU - Gough, Michael J.. AU - Saalbach, Anja. AU - Patel, Poulam M.. AU - Jackson, Andrew M.. PY - 2016/8/1. Y1 - 2016/8/1. N2 - Dendritic cell function is modulated by stromal cells, including fibroblasts. Although poorly understood, the signals delivered through this crosstalk substantially alter dendritic cell biology. This is well illustrated with release of TNF-α/IL-1β from activated dendritic cells, promoting PGE2 secretion from stromal fibroblasts. This instructs dendritic cells to up-regulate IL-23, a key Th17-polarizing cytokine. We previously showed that ionizing radiation inhibited IL-23 production by human dendritic cells in vitro. In the present study, we investigated the ...

Helena is a Postdoctoral Researcher in the lab, working to define fibroblast the role of fibroblast sub-types in human skin wound healing. She conducted her PhD thesis in the lab, funded by a Department Scholarship. This work led to a patent application, and the lab was subsequently awarded an Imperial Confidence in Concept grant, and a grant from The Rosetrees Trust, enabling Helena to continue on her thesis work as a postdoctoral researcher. There are multiple fibroblast populations found in adult skin dermis, three of which we are particularly interested in; papillary fibroblasts, reticular fibroblasts and dermal papilla fibroblasts. In 2013 it was shown that these arise from a common cellular progenitor during development, yet acquire distinct identities in adult skin [1]. Using cell culture, immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, RT-PCR and next generation sequencing approaches, Helena is defining the morphological, molecular and behavioural differences between these three fibroblast ...

Interstitial flow emanates from tumors into the microenvironment where it promotes tumor cell invasion. Fibroblasts are key constituents of the tumor stroma that modulate the mechanical environment by matrix remodeling and contraction. Here, we explore how interstitial fluid flow affects fibroblast-tumor cell interactions. Using a 3-dimensional invasion assay and MDA-MB-435S cells cocultured with dermal fibroblasts in a collagen matrix, we showed a synergistic enhancement of tumor cell invasion by fibroblasts in the presence of interstitial flow. Interstitial flow also drove transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and collagenase-dependent fibroblast migration, consistent with previously described mechanisms in which flow promotes invasion through autologous chemotaxis and increased motility. Concurrently, migrating fibroblasts enhanced tumor cell invasion by matrix priming via Rho-mediated contraction. We propose a model in which interstitial flow promotes fibroblast migration through increased TGF-β1

Plasma Fibroblast therapy is an elective, aesthetic, beauty procedure that can be offered as an alternative to laser, injections, and surgical therapies to tighten, rejuvenate. and improve the skins appearance.. Plasma Fibroblast therapy targets fibroblast cells. Fibroblasts are collagen and protein-producing cells in the dermis layer of skin which is just below your outermost skin layer. Fibroblasts play an important role in maintaining skin firmness and tightness, as well as, helping skin wounds heal.. Plasma Fibroblast therapy uses a pen-like device that discharges a high-frequency energy charge or arc. Your procedure will be performed using the Plamere™ Premium Plasma Pen (FDA registered). The plasma pens tip does not directly touch the skin, but instead releases a targeted arc just above the skins surface. This arc creates a tiny, micro-injury in the skins surface layer due to a reaction called sublimation.. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Low-dose of ionizing radiation enhances cell proliferation via transient ERK1/2 and p38 activation in normal human lung fibroblasts. AU - Kim, Cha Soon. AU - Kim, Jin Mo. AU - Nam, Seon Young. AU - Yang, Kwang Hee. AU - Jeong, Meeseon. AU - Kim, Hee Sun. AU - Lim, Young Khi. AU - Kim, Chong Soon. AU - Jin, Young Woo. AU - Kim, Joon. PY - 2007/9/27. Y1 - 2007/9/27. N2 - This study shows the human cellular responses and the mechanism of low-dose ionizing radiation in CCD 18 Lu cells, which are derived from normal human lung fibroblasts. Cell proliferation and viability assay were measured for the cells following γ-irradiation using trypan blue, BrdU incorporation, and Wst-1 assay. We also examined genotoxicity using a micronuclei formation assay. The activation of the MAPKs pathway was determined by Western blot analysis, and the siRNA system was used to inhibit the expression of ERK1/2 and p38. We found that 0.05 Gy of ionizing radiation stimulated cell proliferation and did not ...

In the present study, fibroblasts could be strategically injected into the atrium through the use of a percutaneous approach. These cells, identified 4 weeks later, were localized within injection lines in the expected anatomic targets. Fibroblast injections, with or without TGF-β1, modified cardiac electrophysiological properties of the AV node without creation of high-grade block. Although TGF-β1 alone did not significantly affect AV node conduction, pretreatment of fibroblasts with TGF-β1 significantly decrease AV nodal conduction, suggesting that this growth factor works through the fibroblast cell line.. The use of fibroblasts as a cell-based therapy in the treatment of burns, skin diseases, and head and neck tumors is well established.21-23 In these cases, the cells are used to replace damaged or injured tissue or to occupy space after tumor resection. In general, fibroblasts engraft well after implantation in noncardiac tissue, with minimal toxic degradation or inflammatory reactions. ...

Allogeneic cells are the most attractive source for cell transplantation, as the use of xenogeneic cells is hampered by safety concerns and the use of autologous cells involves practical difficulties. The immune rejection of allogeneic cells can be overcome by physical immunoprotection provided by polymer encapsulation. To study the variability of cell and donor sources, we compared different primary human cells as candidates for gene therapy-mediated delivery of human erythropoietin (hEpo). DARC-3.1 fibroblasts, MDX-01 fibroblasts, and ARPE-19 retinal pigment epithelial cells were encapsulated into polyethersulfone hollow fibers and implanted for 1 month in nude mice as well as in immunocompetent and FK506-immunosuppressed mice to test their in vivo resistance, with the assumption that xenogeneic conditions constitute a stringent model for human application. DARC-3.1 fibroblasts showed the best survival, prompting us to evaluate cell lineages from the same donor (DARC-3.2) or another donor (DARC-4.3

TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression of hydrogen peroxide and glutathione metabolizing enzymes in human skin fibroblasts derived from donors of different ages. AU - Keogh, Bart P.. AU - Allen, R. G.. AU - Pignolo, Robert. AU - Horton, Joseph. AU - Tresini, Maria. AU - Cristofalo, Vincent J.. PY - 1996/6. Y1 - 1996/6. N2 - We have examined the activities and mRNA abundance of two hydrogen peroxide metabolizing enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and catalase), glutathione concen tration, and the activities of several enzymes that influence glutathione concentration, including glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD), and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), in 29 skin fibroblast lines derived from donors ranging in age from 14 gestational weeks to 94 years of age. H2O2 metabolizing enzyme activities and mRNA abundances were greater in skin fibroblast cultures established from postnatal donors than in fetally derived cultures. There were no significant differences in either of ...

2015 Guo et al. A key feature of lung fibrosis is the accumulation of myofibroblasts. Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a pro-fibrotic mediator that directly and indirectly influences the activation of myofibroblasts. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) promotes the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, and can be regulated by IL-13. However, IL-13s downstream signaling pathways are not completely understood.We previously reported that the transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is upregulated in fibroblasts treated with TGF-β and in the lungs of mice and patients with pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, YY1 directly regulates collagen and alpha smooth muscle actin (a-SMA) expression in fibroblasts. However, it is not known if IL-13 regulates fibroblast activation through YY1 expression. We hypothesize that IL-13 upregulates YY1 expression through regulation of AKT activation, leading to fibroblast activation. In this study we found that YY1 was upregulated by IL-13 in lung fibroblasts in a ...

Abstract: : Purpose: Adenovirus infection of the cornea manifests as punctate epithelial keratitis, geographic epithelial erosions, and delayed-onset subepithelial corneal infiltrates. We have previously shown that (1)adenovirus type 19 (Ad19) infection of human corneal fibroblasts (HCF) induces expression of the neutrophil chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8); (2) Ad19 infection of HCF induces tyrosine phosphorylation of the intracellular signaling protein c-src; and (3) phosphorylation of c-src is necessary for the expression of IL-8 by Ad19-infected HCF. These data suggest that Ad19 induces IL-8 expression in HCF by a signaling cascade involving c-src. In the experiments described herein, we sought to determine whether adenovirus infection of HCF might induce other host responses dependent on c-src associated signaling pathways. Methods: HCF were derived from donor corneas and infected for one hour with Ad19, or mock-infected with virus-free media. Parallel experiments were performed with the ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A cell cycle study of the effects of Con A on synchronized mouse embryo fibroblasts. T2 - Arrest and dissociation between uptake of thymidine and DNA synthesis. AU - Mallucci, L.. AU - Dunn, M.. AU - Wells, V.. AU - Delia, D.. PY - 1980. Y1 - 1980. N2 - We have examined the effects of 50 μg ml-1 of Con A added to synchronized mouse embryo fibroblasts at different times during the cell cycle. We found that Con A caused arrest of growth not solely by preventing G1-G0 cells from entering the S-phase but also by exerting a G2 block. We also found that Con A, which prevented commencement of S-phase, did not arrest cells already in S from reaching the G2 stage but inhibited the S-phase associated process of thymidine uptake. The inhibition was greater when the Con A receptors were extensively clustered.. AB - We have examined the effects of 50 μg ml-1 of Con A added to synchronized mouse embryo fibroblasts at different times during the cell cycle. We found that Con A caused arrest of ...

Among cells present in the tumor microenvironment, activated fibroblasts termed cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), play a critical role in the complex process of tumor-stroma interaction. CAFs, one of the prominent stromal cell populations in most types of human carcinomas, have been involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, cancer stemness, extracellular matrix remodeling, tissue invasion, metastasis and even chemoresistance. During the past decade, these activated tumor-associated fibroblasts have also been involved in the modulation of the anti-tumor immune response on various levels. In this review, we describe our current understanding of how CAFs accomplish this task as well as their potential therapeutic implications.