This page contains information on the chemical 2-Chloroethanol including: 43 synonyms/identifiers; U.S. Code of Federal Regulations Title 49 Section 172 shipping regulations and proper shipping name; USDOT 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook initial response information.

Knaap, A G.; Voogd, C E.; and Kramers, P G., Comparison of the mutagenic potency of 2-chloroethanol, 2-bromoethanol, 1,2-epoxybutane, epichlorohydrin and glycidaldehyde in klebsiella pneumoniae, drosophila melanogaster and l5178y mouse lymphoma cells. (1982). Subject Strain Bibliography 1982. 2537 ...

Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice ...

Chloral CCl 3 CHO and chloroacetaldehyde CH 2 CICHO are aggressive towards aluminium in the presence of water or even humidity, because they release hydrochloric acid upon decomposition. Chloroethanol CH 2 CICH 2 0H, on the other hand, has no action on aluminium. Aluminium equipment is used for storing and transporting this product, as well as in the production of plastics made from …. Contact us ...

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[150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on 2016 Ethylene chlorohydrin (CAS 107-07-3) Industry Market Report report by Prof Research. The Global and Chinese Ethylene chlorohydrin Industry, 2011-2021 Market...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS. AU - Spickett, C.M.. AU - Jerlich, A.. AU - Schaur, R.J.. AU - Pitt, A.R.. N1 - AHR. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - This article discusses phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS.. AB - This article discusses phagocyte oxidation of phospholipids: comparison of hydroperoxide, chlorohydrin and epoxyisoprostane formation by LC-MS.. KW - phagocyte oxidation. KW - phospholipids. KW - hydroperoxide. KW - chlorohydrin. KW - epoxyisoprostane. M3 - Article. VL - 33. SP - S145-S145. JO - Free Radical Biology and Medicine. JF - Free Radical Biology and Medicine. SN - 0891-5849. IS - Supplement 1. ER - ...

107-07-3:C2H5ClO, Ethanol, 2-chloro-, 1-Chloro-2-hydroxyethane, 2-CHLORAETHANOL, 2-Chlorethanol, 2-Chloro-1-ethanol, 2-Chloro-1-hydroxyethane, 2-Chloroethanol, 2-Chloroethyl alcohol, 2-cloroetanol, 2-Hydroxyethyl chloride, Chloroethanol, Ethanol, 2-chloro-, Ethene chlorohydrin, Ethylchlorohydrin, Ethylene chlorhydrin, ETHYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN, Glycol chlorohydrin, Glycol monochlorohydrin, NSC 122289, UN 1135, UN 1135, β-Chloroethanol, β-Chloroethyl alcohol, β-Hydroxyethyl chloride

The oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is thought to contribute to atherogenesis, which is an inflammatory disease involving activation of phagocytic cells. Myeloperoxidase, an enzyme which is able to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl), is released from these phagocytic cells, and has been found in an active form in atherosclerotic plaques. HOCl can oxidize both the lipid and protein moiety of LDL, and HOCl-modified LDL has been found to be pro-inflammatory, although it is not known which component is responsible for this effect. As HOCl can oxidize lipids to give chlorohydrins, we hypothesized that phospholipid chlorohydrins might have toxic and pro-inflammatory effects. We have formed chlorohydrins from fatty acids (oleic, linoleic and arachidonic acids) and from phospholipids (stearoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine, stearoyl-linoleoyl phosphatidylcholine and stearoyl-arachidonoyl phosphatidylcholine), and investigated various biological effects of these oxidation products. Fatty acid and ...

NIOSH considers the evidence of carcinogenicity of ethylene dichloride reported by the National Cancer Institute to be conclusive in two mammalian species (the rat and the mouse). Since ethylene dichloride causes progressive, malignant disease of various organs in two species of animals, NIOSH recommends that ethylene dichloride be considered carcinogenic in man. Therefore, because it is not presently possible to establish an exposure level at which ethylene dichloride may be regarded to be without risk, NIOSH recommends that exposure to ethylene dichloride be kept as low as feasible. The use of ethylene dichloride as a solvent, diluent, or fumigant in open operations should be prohibited. Product substitution should be a paramount consideration, and wherever ethylene dichloride is identified or its presence suspected, it should be replaced by a less harmful substitute. - NIOSHTIC-2 NIOSHTIC no. 20000298 ...

Objectives-A previous study reported a fivefold increase in mortality from pancreatic cancer and a threefold increase in lymphopoietic and haematopoietic cancer among 278 men who were assigned to a now dismantled Union Carbide chlorohydrin unit in the Kanawha Valley of West Virginia. There were also significant trends with duration of...

今年可以被定義為台灣的食品安全元年，從DEHP到南投四人食物中毒、到後來的幾個事件，無不引起大家對食品安全的注意。. 不過，最後發現除了DEHP以外，後來一連發生的幾件事都與食物中毒/食品安全無關，反而與藥物的相關性比較高。. 最近才偵破的南投四死案，從原以為的肉毒桿菌中毒，到最後案情急轉直下，原來是氯乙醇中毒，而且是毒殺。兇嫌因為怨恨昔日女友另嫁他人，竟然將非法催芽劑氯乙醇加入米酒中餽贈昔日女友夫婦，導致四人死亡（新聞連結, ...

Define chloral hydrate. chloral hydrate synonyms, chloral hydrate pronunciation, chloral hydrate translation, English dictionary definition of chloral hydrate. n. A colorless crystalline compound, C2H3Cl3O2, used as a sedative and hypnotic drug and in the manufacture of DDT. n a colourless crystalline soluble solid...

5.1 Exposure data. Chloral is a chlorinated aldehyde that found extensive use, beginning in the 1940s, as a precursor in the production of the insecticide DDT and, to a lesser extent, of other insecticides and pharmaceuticals. This use of chloral has declined steadily since the 1960s, especially in those countries where the use of DDT has been restricted. Chloral is readily converted to chloral hydrate in the presence of water. Chloral hydrate is used as a sedative before medical procedures and to reduce anxiety related to withdrawal from drugs. Wider exposure to chloral hydrate occurs at microgram-per-litre levels in drinking-water and swimming pools as a result of chlorination.. 5.2 Human carcinogenicity data. Several studies were identified that analysed risk with respect to one or more measures of exposure to complex mixtures of disinfection by-products that are found in most chlorinated and chloraminated drinking-water. No data specifically on chloral or chloral hydrate were available to ...

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) recommends that as a prudent measure, ethylene dichloride (1,2-dichloroethane) be handled in the workplace as if it were a human carcinogen. This recommendation is based primarily upon an analysis of National Cancer Institute (NCI) data indicating that laboratory rats and mice fed ethylene dichloride experienced a statistically sign

TY - JOUR. T1 - Lipid peroxidation and cell death mechanisms in rats and human cells induced by chloral hydrate. AU - Ho, Y. S.. AU - Ma, H. Y.. AU - Chang, H. Y.. AU - Wei, B. L.. AU - Lee, C. C.. AU - Ho, S. Y.. AU - Guo, H. R.. AU - Wu, T. P.. AU - Chang, W. H.. AU - Wang, Y. J.. PY - 2003/5/1. Y1 - 2003/5/1. N2 - Chloral hydrate (CH) is widely used as a sedative and hypnotic in pediatric medicine. It is also a by-product of water chlorination and a metabolite of trichloroethylene. We examined the toxicological effects and cell death mechanisms of CH in rats and human Chang liver cells and lymphocytes. Monitoring of urinary 8-epi-PGF2α and serum levels of TNF-α served as index of lipid peroxidation and cytokine stimulation. The results indicated that a single intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg CH in rats led to a nearly five-fold increase in urinary 8-epi-PGF2α on day 1, and a mild decrease on day 2 and day 3. The same treatment also induced significantly higher amounts of serum TNF-α ...

Physician reviewed chloral hydrate rectal patient information - includes chloral hydrate rectal description, dosage and directions.

Using chloral hydrate carries a risk of adverse events and compounding errors, and much of the available literature recommends using alternative sedatives for pediatric patients. But evidence regarding the efficacy of chloral hydrate and of alternative agents is conflicting.

A low-boiling flammable liquid, derived from the intermediate chlorohydrin, which is an important intermediate for the manufacture of polyglycols used for urethane foams and resins and ...

Chloral Hydrate is a depressant, specifically used for inducing sleep. Its chemical formula, near as I can tell, is C2H3Cl3O2. It is noteworthy for bei...

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Store in an area designed for flammable storage, or in an approved metal cabinet, away from direct sunlight, heat and sources of ignition. ...

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Learn more about copper-ii-nitrate-hemipentahydrate-cupric-nitrate-2-5-hydrate. We enable science by offering product choice, services, process excellence and our people make it happen.

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의식하 진정을 위해 사용되는 진정제는 투여 방법이 자극적이지 않고 약효의 발현이 빠르며 효과를 예측할 수 있고 조절이 가능해야 한다. 또한 부작용이 적고 회복이 빨라야 한다[1]. 하지만 이 모든 조건을 부합시키는 이상적인 진정제는 현재 존재하지 않는다. 치과영역에서 가장 오래된 진정제 중 하나인 chloral hydrate는 1832년 Leibig가 발견하여, 1869년 Liebrich에 의해 처음으로 소개되었다[5]. 비교적 빨리 작용하며 부작용이 적고 안정성 범위가 넓다는 장점을 가지고 있지만, 위장장애, 오심, 구토 등을 유발할 수 있으며 최근에는 chloral hydrate의 대사물질인 trichloroethylene의 안정성에 대한 의문도 제기되고 있다[6-9]. 이에 chloral hydrate를 대신할 대체재로 promethazine, midazolam, meperidine, dexmedetomidine 등의 진정제들이 소개 되고 있지만 이 약제들 역시 이상적인 진정제의 ...

This study has shown that sedation with IN DEX at a dose of 4 μg/kg was effective for ABR examinations. However, the ability to begin the examination sooner and complete the examination with a single dose suggests IN DEX may be a superior alternative to oral chloral hydrate. An additional benefit is the lower incidence of procedural hypoxemia requiring supplemental oxygen in the IN DEX group. Although the outcomes of this study may be related to the medication itself, there are several other potential explanations.. The first is the route of administration. Oral chloral hydrate is generally administered with an oral syringe and requires a semi-cooperative child. Despite the best attempts, some children may not receive the entire dose because they spit it out or some of the medication is lost during attempts to get the child to swallow the medication. Conversely, intranasal administration with a mucosal atomizing device is a much more reliable way to administer medications. Thus, more reliable ...

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Other names: 1,1-Ethanediol, 2,2,2-trichloro-; Bi 3411; Chloral monohydrate; Chloraldurat; Dormal; Hydral; Lorinal; Noctec; Nycoton; Nycton; Phaldrone; Rectules; Somnos; Tosyl; Trawotox; Trichloroacetaldehyde hydrate; Trichloroacetaldehyde monohydrate; 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-dihydroxyethane; 2,2,2-Trichloro-1,1-ethanediol; Chloradorm; Cohidrate; Escre; Felsules; Hynos; Kessodrate; Lycoral; Oradrate; Somni Sed; Sontec; SK-Chloral hydrate; Trichloracetaldehyd-hydrat; Aquachloral; Hydrate de chloral; Nortec; 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2-ethanediol; NSC 3210; 2,2,2-trichloroethane-1,1-diol ...

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the Database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST shall not be liable for any damage that may result from errors or omissions in the Database ...

Provides information on usage, precautions, side effects and brand names when available. Data provided by various government agencies and health-related organizations. ...

Alfa Aesar™ Piperazine hydrate, ≥97% 5000g Alfa Aesar™ Piperazine hydrate, ≥97% Pic to Piperid -Organics

This page was last modified on 21 May 2018.. Content is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License; additional terms may apply. See Copyright for details.. ...

Medical Doctor is just so poorly balanced though, I hope I proved that somewhat. Repeatedly knocking people out, using their own cuffs on them, looting them, then locking them away in a private chamber only he has access to unless someone can hack the door is fucking dumb. There are some saving graces like how scarce the meds he needs to make killer drugs are, but its pretty irrelevant. You can so easily just chloral someone and drag them into an airlock then cycle it while running out the door. Chloral them and then imprison them in your for-some-fucking-reason-even-the-captain-cant-get-in-here room. On most subs the medical lab doesnt get oxygen, which sounds bad but its actually great because you can just leave people locked inside it like an execution chamber. This job is fucking broken ...

Cyclophosphamide Hydrate is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to Cyclophosphamide Hydrate is available on the Drugs.com website.

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857211-12-2,CCD编号:CCD03258223,分子式:C9 H7 N O3 S . H2 O,分子量:227.239,同义词：8-QUINOLINESULFONIC ACID, HYDRATE; 分子结构,化学云数据库

The major part of this thesis describes the asymmetric synthesis of β- and γ-amino alcohols through the combination of ruthenium catalyzed racemization and enzymatic kinetic resolution.. The dynamic kinetic resolution, DKR, protocol for chlorohydrins was improved by employing Bäckvalls catalyst, which is a base activated racemization catalyst, in combination with Burkholderia cepacia lipase. These optimized conditions broadened the substrate scope and improved the yields and ees of the obtained chlorohydrin acetates. The utility of the method was demonstrated in the synthesis of (S)-salbutamol.. In the second part of the thesis, DKR was utilized in the enantio-determining step of the total synthesis of (R)-duloxetine. Optimized DKR conditions, combining Bäckvalls catalyst together with Candida antarctica lipase B, afforded a β-cyano acetate in high yield and ee. (R)-Duloxetine was accessible through synthetic alterations of the enantioenriched β-cyano acetate in high overall ...

The ionic mechanism of the conductance activated by acetic acid was analyzed in isolated bullfrog taste cells under whole-cell voltage-clamp. Bath-application of acetic acid (pH 3.9-4.7) induced an inward current in about 80% of the taste cells. The current occurred in external 80 mmol l-1 Ba2+ and internal 100 mmol l-1 Cs+, which completely blocked the delayed outward K+ current. The concentration-response relationship for the acid-activated current was consistent with that of the gustatory neural response. Prolonged adaptation of the surface of the tongue to HCl prior to taste cell isolation decreased the acid-induced current to about 20% of the control value without decreasing NaCl-induced neural responses and voltage-activated Na+ currents. The results suggest that the transduction mechanism of the acid response might be different from that of the response to salt. The I-V relationship of the acid-induced response was nearly linear at membrane potentials between -80 and 80 mV. The ...

The modification of the wax bloom of peas and brassicas by trichloroacetate which is used for selective grass killing in agriculture made examination of waxes with reference to their position on the leaf desirable. The application of sequential extraction by hydrocarbon solvents has been developed to maintain morphological separation of lipoidal substances. Physical separation of extracted substances by solvent partition was carried out before hydrolysis. Cold solvent rapidly removes hard waxes containing various parvi-substituted straight saturated paraffins from the cuticular surface. Increase of extraction time and heating releases hydrophilic oils, probably esters of eutin-forming hydroxy acids. Very little release of chlorophyll and complex substances yielding unsaturated fatty acids on hydrolysis occurs until water is removed and cell structure is broken down. The striking reduction of leaf wax content produced by treatment of the soil with trichloro-acetate has been confirmed in kale ...

When water attacks carbon, carbon lets go of the electrons binding it to bromine. (bromine wanted them anyway) thus breaking the bromonium bridge.. The attacking oxygen atom still has 2 bound hydrogen atoms for a total of 3 bonds and one lone pair. This results in an oxonium, or an oxygen atom with a positive formal charge.. Oxygen, an electronegative atom, is not thrilled with the positive charge and therefore pulls on the electrons binding it to hydrogen. This results in a slightly less positive oxygen, and a partially positive hydrogen atom.. Another water molecule in solution reaches out with one of its nucleophilic lone pairs to grab the partially positive hydrogen atom. The electrons break away and return to the oxygen giving it a second lone pair and neutral charge.. This resulting product is a halohydrin. If bromine you get a bromohydrin, if chlorine youll get a chlorohydrin.. How Markovnikovs Rule Factors In:. Recognize that at no point in this explanation did I mention a carbocation. ...

On the day of her death, Marilyn Monroe was in the company of many people, none of who reported any immediately implied threat or perceived action from Monroe that suggested an imminent danger of suicide, nor any behavior that was outside of her already troubled mental state of manic highs and depressive lows. Shed a history of emotional instability that, today, would likely be classified as Bipolar II Disorder and she was under the continual care of a general physician and a psychiatrist. Monroe was no stranger to prescription pharmaceuticals, specifically anti-depressants and sleeping pills, but she was a relatively light alcohol drinker.. Marilyn Monroe had a difficult year in 1961. She worked very little due to health issues. Besides her emotional imbalance and substance dependency, she underwent surgery for endometriosis (uterus ailment) and a cholecystectomy (gall bladder removal), then suffered a painful attack of sinusitis. Her stress level soared from a lawsuit with 20th Century Fox ...

Properties: Thick, light tan prisms from benzene, mp 149°. Has slight odor of acetic acid. Benzene and ether are poor solvents for purification by recrystn. Much better results are obtained using chloroform or ethylene dichloride. Cf. Northey, Sulfonamides (New York, 1948) p 12. ...

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Examine under a microscope using chloral hydrate solution R. Prepare the reference we ight using iron standard solution (20 ppm Fe) R, diluted as necessary with a 1 per cent VV solution of nitric acid R.

三氯醋酸(Trichloroacetic acid, TAA)治療後注意事項 - 台大皮膚科衛教單030三氯醋酸(Trichloroacetic acid, TAA)治療後注意事項

Hydrate (?), n. [Gr. y`dwr water: cf. F. hydrate.] Chemistry|Chem. (a) A compound formed by the union of water with some oth...

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If we now examine the blood islands themselves we find that there are all intermediate stages present between the extremes of small clumps of cells lying between apparently simple entodermic and mesodermic layers and completely formed vessels with uninterrupted endothelial walls containing the developing blood cells. The three main stages are illustrated in fig. 4a, where from left to right are to be seen (1) clumps of cells between entoderm and mesoderm each single-layered, (2) partially formed vessels with endothelial wall unformed towards the thickened entoderm, and (3) a fully formed vessel. The middle of these stages is illustrated on a larger scale in fig. 8, taken from a different section nearer the cranial pole of the yolk-sac. This section shows the formation of the endothelial wall on the side of the island away from the entoderm and the characteristic relation of the blood cells to the entoderm, from which they appear to hang in a cluster into the lumen of the developing vessel. ...