Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) will be the two primary types of gastrointestinal cancers that pose an enormous threat to individual health. tumor-linked autoantibody biomarkers in esophageal squamous cellular carcinoma reported in several research. Mmp-7: Matrix metallopeptidase 7; Hsp70: Heat shock proteins 70; PRDX 6: Peroxiredoxin 6; Bmi-1: BMI1 proto-oncogene, polycomb band finger; FG-4592 supplier Koc: Insulin-like growth aspect 2 mRNA binding proteins 3; C-Myc: MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription aspect; IMP1: Insulin-like development aspect 2 mRNA binding proteins 1. The many comprehensively investigated TA autoantibodies in ESCC have already been p53 autoantibodies accompanied by autoantibodies against P16 and c-Myc. Provided the prominent feature of p53 in cancers it isnt unexpected that may be the most broadly studied autoantibody in ESCC. Autoantibodies against p53 in the medical diagnosis of ESCC have already been ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Irinotecan, docetaxel and oxaliplatin combination in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma. AU - Di Lauro, L.. AU - Nunziata, C.. AU - Arena, M. G.. AU - Foggi, P.. AU - Sperduti, I.. AU - Lopez, M.. PY - 2007/8/28. Y1 - 2007/8/28. N2 - This phase II study was designed to evaluate the activity and safety of a combination of irinotecan, docetaxel and oxaliplatin in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. Forty patients with measurable distant metastasis received irinotecan 150 mg m-2 and docetaxel 60 mg m-2 on day 1, and oxaliplatin 85 mg m-2 on day 2. Cycles were repeated every 3 weeks. The primary end point was to demonstrate a 50% improvement in time-to-progression (TTP) over historical controls. All patients were evaluable. Median TTP was 6.5 months (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.6-7.4), the overall response rate was 50% (95% CI 35-65%) and the median overall survival was 11.5 months (95% CI 8.7-14.3). Grade 3/4 ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Consistent genetic alterations in xenografts of proximal stomach and gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinomas. AU - El-Rifai, Wael. AU - Harper, Jeffrey C.. AU - Cummings, Oscar W.. AU - Hyytinen, Eija Riitta. AU - Frierson, Henry F.. AU - Knuutila, Sakari. AU - Powell, Steven M.. PY - 1998/1/1. Y1 - 1998/1/1. N2 - The genetic alterations underlying the development of gastric and gastro-esophageal carcinoma remain largely undefined. DNA copy number changes were determined by comparative genomic hybridization in eight xenografts of proximal gastric and gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinomas of the intestinal type. All tumors exhibited DNA copy number changes, with a total of 139 changes detected (range, 11-24 per tumor; mean = 17), indicating numerous and widespread alterations within these cancers. Gains (65%) in DNA copy number were more frequent than losses (35%). Our most striking finding was gain (all eight cases) or high-level amplification (four cases) in 20q, with a ...
Taiho Oncology Inc. said FDA has accepted and granted priority review for the supplemental New Drug Application for Lonsurf (trifluridine/tipiracil, TAS-102) for previously treated, advanced or metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma, including cancer of the gastroesophageal junction.. FDA has provided an anticipated Prescription Drug User Fee Act action date of Feb. 24, 2019.. The sNDA is based on data from the global, randomized, double blind pivotal phase III (TAGS) trial evaluating Lonsurf vs. placebo and best supportive care in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric/gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma that progressed or were intolerant to previous lines of therapy.. The trial met its primary endpoint of prolonged overall survival and secondary endpoint measures of progression-free survival, as well as continuing to demonstrate Lonsurfs consistent safety and tolerability profile.. Full results from this study were recently presented at the European Society of Medical Oncology ...
Adenocarcinoma in Esophagogastric Junction (AEG) is a severe gastrointestinal malignancy with a unique clinicopathological feature. Hence, we aimed to develop a competing risk nomogram for predicting survival for AEG patients and compared it with new 8th traditional tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system. Based on data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database of AEG patients between 2004 and 2010, we used univariate and multivariate analysis to filter clinical factors and then built a competing risk nomogram to predict AEG cause-specific survival. We then measured the clinical accuracy by comparing them to the 8th TNM stage with a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, Brier score, and Decision Curve Analysis (DCA). External validation was performed in 273 patients from China National Cancer Center. A total of 1755 patients were included in this study. The nomogram was based on five variables: Number of examined lymph nodes, grade, invasion, metastatic LNs, and
Nitric oxide mediates nonadrenergic noncholinergic relaxations in the canine lower esophageal sphincter, Belg. Soc. Fund. Clin. Physiol. Pharmacol., Ghent, November 17, 1990 ...
BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an increased incidence of oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma, in particular Siewert types I and II. This study compared abdominal fat composition in patients with oesophageal/junctional adenocarcinoma with that in patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma, and in controls. METHOD: In total, 194 patients (110 with oesophageal/junctional adenocarcinoma, 38 with gastric adenocarcinoma and 46 with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma) and 90 matched control subjects were recruited. The abdominal fat area was assessed using computed tomography (CT), and the total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were calculated. RESULTS: Patients with oesophageal/junctional adenocarcinoma had significantly higher TFA and VFA values compared with controls (both P , 0.001), patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (P = 0.013 and P = 0.006 respectively) and patients with oesophageal squamous ...
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.20104 Weifeng Tang, Jianchao Liu, Yafeng Wang, Yanchao Chen, Mingqiang Kang, Jun Yin, Chao Liu, Jing Lin, Yu Chen
TAZ is a downstream agent of Hippo signal pathway. β-catenin is a cell adhesion molecule associated with the invasion and metastasis of carcinomas as well as a critical component of Wnt pathway. TAZ and β-catenin have long been thought to play a vital role in tumour development and progression. This study aimed to detect expression of TAZ and β-catenin in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) and explore their clinicopathological significance. The expression of TAZ and β-catenin were detected by immunohistochemistry of 135 AEG samples, and analyzed with complete clinicopathological features. Overall survival rates were also calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazard model was performed to assess the prognostic values. 37 normal mucosa and 41 dysplasia samples of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) were studied comparably. TAZ protein showed a strictly nuclear staining pattern in AEG and dysplasia with IHC. Expression of TAZ was higher in dysplasia and AEG compared
Information for healthcare professionals about Herceptin® (trastuzumab) for the treatment of HER2+ adjuvant breast cancer, metastatic breast cancer, metastatic gastric cancer, and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma. INDICATIONS: Adjuvant Breast Cancer Herceptin is indicated for adjuvant treatment of HER2-overexpressing node-positive or node-negative (ER/PR-negative or with one high-risk feature*) breast cancer: As part of a treatment regimen containing doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and either paclitaxel or docetaxel With docetaxel and carboplatin As a single agent following multi-modality anthracycline-based therapy Select patients for therapy based on an FDA-approved companion diagnostic for Herceptin *High-risk is defined as ER/PR-positive with one of the following features: tumor size >2 cm, age
Through a large, population-based analysis of gastric cardia and distal esophageal adenocarcinomas, we found that patients with gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas have similar survival rates. Cancer-directed surgery was beneficial. Adenocarcinomas of the gastroesophageal junction are not dist …
An analysis in the Dutch Chemoradiotherapy for Esophageal Cancer Followed by Surgery Study (CROSS) reported by Noordman et al in the Journal of Clinical Oncology showed no adverse effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs surgery alone on postsurgery health-related quality of life in patients with esophageal or esophagogastric junction cancer.. Study Details. The CROSS study showed significant improvement in overall survival with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (carboplatin plus paclitaxel with concurrent 41.4-Gy radiotherapy) vs surgery alone. In the current analysis, health-related quality of life was assessed by the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality-of-Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (QLQ-C30) and -Oesophageal Cancer Module (QLQ-OES24) questionnaires prior to treatment and at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery; the neoadjuvant therapy group also received preoperative questionnaires. QLQ-C30 physical functioning and QLQ-OES24 eating problems were predefined primary ...
The purpose of this study is to assess objective tumor response in the single agent treatment of PEP02, irinotecan, or docetaxel for locally advanced or
Ramucirumab is intended for patients with unresectable or metastatic disease after treatment with a fluoropyrimidine- or platinum-containing therapy
The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Know the risks and potential benefits of clinical studies and talk to your health care provider before participating. Read our disclaimer for details ...
This phase II clinical trial is studying how well Akt inhibitor MK2206 works in treating patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction can
Approximately 38,000 new patients will be diagnosed with gastroesophageal cancer in 2008.1 Although this number may be trivial compared with more common cancers, the incidence of esophageal and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma has been steadily climbing over the past 20 years (www.cancer.org; accessed June 10, 2008). Although obesity, gastroesophageal reflux, and Barretts metaplasia may contribute some or great extent to this alarming increase, some of the reasons for this increase remain elusive.2 The global health burden imposed by gastroesophageal cancer parallels that imposed by lung cancer, with approximately 1.4 million new cases and 1.1 million deaths per year.3 Furthermore, the mortality is likely to remain high because early detection of gastroesophageal cancer is not commonly practiced in most countries. Nevertheless, we have witnessed some definite progress in staging and therapy of patients with gastroesophageal cancer. For localized gastroesophageal cancer, progress has ...
The aim of this study was to cast a spotlight on the topography and to point out the clinical importance of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) in Anatolian Shepherd dogs. Nine Anatolian Shepherd dogs were used to study the morphology of the GEJ. The esophagus was appeared has a portion within the thoracic cavity while no portion of the esophagus presented within the abdominal cavity that documented the absence of the intra-abdominal portion in all studied dogs. The topographic anatomy, scanning electron and light microscopic examinations revealed that the gastroesophageal junction was located at the level of the phrenico-esophageal ligament (PEL) inside the esophageal hiatus. Our results were distinguished the morphology of the esophageal and gastric cardiac mucosa at the level of the gastroesophageal junction by the scanning electron micrographs. The light microscopical examination was explained the PEL attached to the esophageal side in one dog and to the gastric cardiac side in three dogs.
Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, MD, of the Institute of Clinical Cancer Research and Nordwest Hospital, discusses findings from this international phase II study of epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine with or without IMAB362, as first-line treatment of gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (Abstract LBA4001).. ...
The excess reflux in GERD patients with hiatus hernia compared with those without is caused by malfunction of the gastroesophageal barrier during low LES pressure, swallow-associated normal LES relaxations, deep inspiration, and straining.
Objective: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (erbb2/HER2) overexpression, has now been implicatedin advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers. The study was conducted to determine the rate of HER2positivity in patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma in North-EastIndia and to assess the impact of various demographic and clinical parameters on HER2 positivity. Methods: A total of68 patients of age |18 years of gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma diagnosed on histopathological examinationfrom September 2016 to February 2018 at Dr B Borooah Cancer Institute, Assam were enrolled for the observational(epidemiological) study. All patients were subjected to the HER2 immunohistochemistry test using a FDA-approved,standardized test kit. HER2 expression was correlated with various demographic and clinicopathological parameters.Results: The overall rate of HER2 positivity in the population studied was 56% (n=38). The rate was non
Ramucirumab plus FOLFIRI or irinotecan as second-line therapy in advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
Early metabolic imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) identifies responders to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
INTRODUCTION. During the last decades, it was observed an increased prevalence of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) adenocarcinoma in the Western developed countries. In the fifties, the adenocarcinoma represented less than 5% of the esophageal tumors in the United States and Europe(4). In the eighties and nineties, this figures climb up to approximately 50%(3, 15). In Brazil, esophageal cancer is the 10th more common neoplasia, with high mortality rate due to the delayed diagnosis. It is estimated the occurrence of 10,580 new cases of this cancer for this year(16). TNM (UICC) staging system is not always accurate enough to categorize the patient status adequately. Occasionally, patients with similar clinical staging may have different outcome, and others classified differently may present comparable results. Molecular and genetic biology research can perhaps clarify these facts.. Immunohistochemistry method can be used to evaluate some of the tumor markers, including p53, cyclin-D1 and Bcl-2. ...
Tumor-infiltrating neutrophil (TIN) has been reported to be an independent predictor in multiple tumors, but its role in the development of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG)...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Adrenal metastases from adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction: Adrenalectomy and long-term survival. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
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RATIONALE: Placing a stent in the esophagus may lessen swallowing difficulties and improve quality of life in patients with malignant dysphagia caused by esophageal cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer.. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying self-expanding plastic stents to see how well they work compared with self-expanding metal stents in treating patients with malignant dysphagia caused by esophageal cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer. ...
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Background The prognosis of patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma is poor. There is conflicting evidence regarding effects of preoperative chemotherapy on survival and other outcomes. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis with aggregate and individual patient data (IPD) to assess the effect of preoperative chemotherapy for gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma on survival and other outcomes. Two independent reviewers identified eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing chemotherapy+/-radiotherapy followed by surgery with surgery alone for gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. IPD was solicited from all trials. Meta-analyses were performed using the two stage method. Results We identified 14 RCTs (2422 patients). For eight RCTs (1049 patients; 43.3%) we obtained IPD. Preoperative chemotherapy was associated with longer overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73-0.89; p < 0.0001). There were larger treatment effects in tumours of the gastroesophageal ...
The group found that patients with hiatus hernia had greater esophageal acid exposure (7.6 vs. 3.3%) and more reflux episodes (3.1 vs. 1.8/h) than those without. LES pressure, the incidence of transient LES relaxations (TLESRs), and the proportion of TLESRs associated with acid reflux were comparable in both groups. Both groups had equal numbers of reflux episodes associated with TLESRs and swallow-associated prolonged LES relaxations. Patients with hiatus hernia had more reflux associated with low LES pressure, swallow-associated normal LES relaxations, and straining during periods with low LES pressure. Dr. Margot Van Herwaarden concluded on behalf of the group, The excess reflux in GERD patients with hiatus hernia, compared with those without, is caused by malfunction of the gastroesophageal barrier during low LES pressure, swallow-associated normal LES relaxations, deep inspiration and straining.. ...
Clinical trial for Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma , Tislelizumab in Combination With Chemotherapy as First-Line Treatment in Adults With Inoperable Locally Advanced or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Carcinoma
NO (Nitric Oxide) is an inorganic compound composed of nitrogen and oxygen, NO is also produced in various places on various types of mammalian cells. NO as a radical compound is important in mediating physiological and pathological events in mammals including humans [1].. GEJ (gastroesophageal junction) is a transition zone between the surface of esophagus which is covered by stratified squamous epithelium to the gastric mucosa which consists of simple columnar epithelium (z-line), where circular muscle of esophagus fuse with oblique muscle and lipid layer of the gaster. At the lower part of GEJ, there is the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) that not only allow food to move into stomach and works as an exit passage of the gas, but also inhibit reflux of any substances that potentially can cause harm to the esophagus [2].. Petersson et al, found that chronic exposure to cytotoxic levels of NO can cause inflammation, intestinal metaplasia and neoplasia. Although it is known that gastric acid, ...
1. Torre LA, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A. Global cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends - an update. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25:16-27.. 2. Van Cutsem E, Bang Y-J, Feng-Yi F, et al. HER2 screening data from ToGA: targeting HER2 in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer. Gastric Cancer 2015;18:476-484.. 3. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. Gastric cancer. Vol. 4 of Clinical practice guidelines in oncology. 2019 (https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/gastric.pdf. opens in new tab).. 4. Muro K, Van Cutsem E, Narita Y, et al. Pan-Asian adapted ESMO clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with metastatic gastric cancer: a JSMO-ESMO initiative endorsed by CSCO, KSMO, MOS, SSO and TOS. Ann Oncol 2019;30:19-33.. 5. Bang Y-J, Van Cutsem E, Feyereislova A, et al. Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (ToGA): a phase 3, ...
Results: In more than 60% of the cases multicentric tumor growth could be found in the resection specimen. R0 resection could be achieved in all cases including the entire length of the metaplastic segment. In T1a tumors there were no lymph node metastases, in contrast to app. 20% lymph node metastases in T1b tumors. After a median follow-up of 60 months the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index did not differ from that of healthy controls ...
Oesophageal cancer is the eighth most common cancer diagnosed worldwide, with almost half a million new cases diagnosed each year. Despite improvements in surgical and radiotherapy techniques and refi
My 55-year-old father-in-law was recently |b|diagnosed with gastro-esophageal (GE) junction metastatic condition. What is the role of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in treating his condition?|/b| He has no other abnormalities.
Stomach cancer (gastric cancer) incidence and death rates have been falling in the United States for the past four decades, according to data from the NCI SEER Program. Despite this progress, the outlook for patients diagnosed with the disease is not good; the overall five-year relative survival rate is just 31 percent. For those diagnosed with metastatic disease, things are even worse: Just 5 percent are alive five years later.. The new FDA approval of pembrolizumab is for treating certain patients with gastric cancer or cancer of the part of the esophagus (the tube that connects the throat with the stomach) that connects to the stomach (gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma). Specifically, pembrolizumab is intended for patients with recurrent locally advanced or metastatic disease that tests positive for PD-L1 and that has progressed despite treatment with two or more systemic therapies.. The FDA also approved the PD-L1 IHC 22C3 pharmDx companion diagnostic test to identify patients whose ...
Predicting tumor metastasis in patients with oral joachim friedrich str by means of the proliferation marker Ki Examples of Tumor Markers National Cancer Institute: In most cases, cancer can only be diagnosed by a biopsy and tumor markers are usually roulette bonus gratis used to diagnose cancer. Sarcomas Skin Cancers Small Intestine Cancers. To assess stage, free casino spins uk, and response real markt sinsheim treatment BRCA1 and BRCA2 gene mutations Cancer type: Schulbus fahren ones have you already performed, if any? Gewinnverteilung markers are also called biomarkers. If a test is highly specific, only a small number of people will test positive for the disease who do not have it-in other words, it will result in very few false-positive results. Tumor markers in clinical practice: Breast cancer, gastric cancer, and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma Tissue analyzed: Levels of this marker can also be higher in other cancers and in some non-cancerous conditions such as benign breast ...
Ian Chau, MD, discusses interim safety and clinical activity results in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma from a multi-cohort phase I study of ramucirumab plus pembrolizumab.
Key Inclusion Criteria: - Diagnosis: - For Phase 1a and Phase 1b Cohort 2, have a histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of a locally advanced or metastatic solid tumor for which no standard therapy is available or standard therapy has failed, or - For Phase 1b Cohort 1, have histologically or cytologically confirmed unresectable, recurrent or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma who have not previously received systemic therapy for advanced disease - Measurable disease: Have measurable disease on imaging based on Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) Version 1.1 - Have a life expectancy of at least 3 months and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 Key Exclusion Criteria: - Is currently participating and receiving study therapy or has participated in a study of an investigational agent and received study therapy or used an investigation device within 3 weeks of the first dose of treatment - Has persisting ...
On Dec. 1, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Ogivri (trastuzumab-dkst) as a biosimilar to Herceptin (trastuzumab) for the treatment of patients with breast or metastatic stomach cancer (gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma) whose tumors overexpress the HER2 gene (HER2+). This is the first biosimilar approved . . .. ...
This is a randomized, multicenter, open-label, dose-exploration and dose-expansion study to evaluate the safety, tolerability, antitumor activity, PK, pharmacodynamics, and immunogenicity of MEDI4736 in combination with tremelimumab, MEDI4736 monotherapy or tremelimumab monotherapy in subjects with metastatic or recurrent gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
INTRODUCTION - Authors present six cases of intramural oesophageal metastases of adenocarcinomas located in the gastro-oesophageal junction. The tumours and metastases were diagnosed by endoscopic examinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS - Between 01. 01. 1994. and 31. 12. 2000. a total number of 143 patients were examined with the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction. In six patients (4,19 %), intramural oesophageal metastases were verified. In each case the diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. TNM stage of the tumours was assessed considering the results of endoscopic ultrasound examination, the findings at initial operation and the pathological data in all cases, where resection was performed. The tumours were localized according to Siewert- Steins classification. RESULTS - In six patients who had adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction, the diagnosis of intramural oesophageal metastases was confirmed. The histological structure of the primaer ...
Background and Aims: Ecological studies have suggested an inverse relationship between latitude and risks of some cancers. However, associations between solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure and esophageal cancer risk have not been fully explored. We therefore investigated the association between nevi, freckles and measures of ambient UVR over the life-course with risks of esophageal cancers.. Methods: We compared estimated lifetime residential ambient UVR among Australian patients with esophageal cancer (330 esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), 386 esophago-gastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJAC), and 279 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)), and 1471 population controls. We asked people where they had lived at different periods of their life, and assigned ambient UVR to each location based on measurements from NASAs Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer database. Freckling and nevus burden were self-reported. We used multivariable logistic regression models to estimate the magnitude of ...
It has been shown that gastro-esophageal reflux plays a role in the pathogenesis of intestinal metaplasia (IM) limited to the esophagogastric junction (EGJ), similar to the pathogenesis of IM in long segments of columnar lined esophagus.. Now a study has examined lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function, by means of prolonged recording, in patients with IM limited to a normal appearing EGJ.. Conventional stationary esophageal manometry was undertaken on 18 patients with IM at the EGJ (5 females and 13 males, mean age 55.4 years), and 22 patients without IM (9 females and 13 males, mean age 53.9 years).. This was followed by 7 hour water-perfused manometry with simultaneous pH measurement (probe 5 cm proximal to the LES).. Swallowing was monitored with a pharyngeal sidehole and LES pressure was recorded with a Dent sleeve.. Patients were studied in the fasted state (3 hours) and after a standardized meal (4 hours).. LES pressure was analyzed using customized software, and the incidence of reflux ...
Jean, F., Aubert, A., Bloch, F., Petite, J. P., Priollet, P., Fiessinger, J. N., Husson, J. M. and Billaud, E. (1986), Effects of diltiazem versus nifedipine on lower esophageal sphincter pressure in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 29: 1054-1055. doi: 10.1002/art.1780290821 ...
A case of adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver involving the esophago-gastric junction is reported. The preoperative diagnosis of a submucosal tumor of the cardia of the stomach was made following a barium meal study, gastrofiberscopy, ultrasonography, and computed tomography. At surgery, a tumor was found measuring 6x5 cm in diameter and involving the left lobe of the liver, lower esophagus and cardia of the stomach, and the origin of the tumor was unclear. Post-operative histopathology revealed that the tumor contained two different malignant components of glandular and squamous cells. An adenosquamous carcinoma originating in the liver was suspected, since the cancer cells did not involve the esophago-gastric mucosa and were mainly located in the S2 of the liver. Despite aggressive adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient died of a recurrence in the liver seven months later. This seems to be the first documentation of adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver invading the esophago-gastric junction ...
Ezra N Teitelbaum, MD, Nathaniel J Soper, MD, Lubomyr Boris, BS, Frederic Nicodeme, MD, Peter J Kahrilas, MD, John E Pandolfino, MD, Eric S Hungness, MD. Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.. INTRODUCTION: For laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM), it has been shown that a myotomy extending 3cm distal to the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) results in superior physiologic and clinical outcomes when compared with a distal segment that is shorter than 2cm. However, the optimal length of the myotomy proximal to the EGJ is unknown. In this study, we used a functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) to measure EGJ distensibility changes resulting from variable proximal myotomy lengths during LHM and peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM).. METHODS: Distensibility index (DI) (defined as the minimum cross-sectional area at the EGJ divided by pressure) was measured intraoperatively with FLIP (distension volume of 30ml) in patients undergoing LHM and POEM for treatment of achalasia. Measurements were ...
Esophageal and gastric cancers are significant worldwide health problems. They are often lethal diseases, with a case-fatality ratio of 84 percent (esophageal) and 75 percent (gastric), respectively.The esophagogastric junction (EGJ; also called the
Classic teaching espouses that fasciculations in the abdominal wall muscles cause a transient increase in gastric pressure, which is offset by a concurrent increase in SCh-induced LES tone. More recent animal studies have suggested that the changes in both intragastric and LES pressure are trivial and not statistically significant ramide in premedication for or induction of anaesthesia to eliminate the depressant effect of atropine on the LOS pressure appears to be indicated.. ...
Barretts oesophagus is undoubtedly a highly prevalent condition, although frequently unrecognised.17-20 Endoscopic criteria for its identification have changed dramatically over the past few years with the description of short segments of SCE and the recognition of its clinical importance as a precursor of oesophageal and cardia adenocarcinoma.8-10 At the present time, the presence of goblet cells (SCE) anywhere within the oesophagus supports the diagnosis of Barretts oesophagus. However, if long segments of Barretts epithelium, 3 cm or more, fitting the classic diagnostic criteria, are easily recognised, the identification of shorter segments is not so straightforward. The ability of the endoscopist to distinguish abnormal tiny tongues of red mucosa extending above the gastro-oesophageal junction from a normal but irregular appearing squamocolumnar junction has not been prospectively evaluated. The results of two recent reports21 22 illustrate this problem well: in two populations of ...
Looking for online definition of esophagogastric orifice in the Medical Dictionary? esophagogastric orifice explanation free. What is esophagogastric orifice? Meaning of esophagogastric orifice medical term. What does esophagogastric orifice mean?
The strong male predominance in esophageal and gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma remains unexplained. Sex hormonal influence has been suggested, but not proven. A protective role of dietary phytoestrogen lignans was hypothesized. A Swedish nationwide population-based case-control study was conducted in 1995-1997, including 181 cases of esophageal adenocarcinoma, 255 cases of gastroesophageal junctional adenocarcinoma, 158 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and 806 control subjects. Data on various exposures, including dietary data, were collected through personal interviews and questionnaires. Dietary intake of lignans was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and categorized into quartiles based on the consumption among the control participants. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs), including adjustment for all established risk factors. Participants in the highest quartile of intake of lignans ...
An electrical stimulator is placed in the abdomen with leads to the muscles of the lower oesophageal sphincter.. It uses low energy electrical impulses to strengthen a weak or improperly functioning lower oesophageal sphincter muscle to restore the natural anti-reflux barrier between the stomach and oesophagus without interfering with normal oesophageal function such as swallowing. In January 2012, a report published in Neuorgastroenterology and Motility following initial experimentation [r-xxii], concluded: Short-term stimulation of the LES in patients with GERD significantly increases resting LESP without affecting esophageal peristalsis or LES relaxation. Electrical stimulation of the LES may offer a novel therapy for patients with GERD.. A paper published in Surgical Endoscopy in October 2012 [r-xxiii] reported on a pilot trial: Electrical stimulation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) improves LES pressure without interfering with LES relaxation. The aim of this open-label pilot ...
Pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter(LES) was measured simultaneously with esophagealtransmucosal potential difference(PD) in conscious healthy rabbits by using a rapid pull-through tech-nique. The effects of acrpuncturing Zusanli point with different hand--skills on both of them wereobserved. The results showed that none of the five hand--skills for acupuncturing Zusanli point haddirect effect on esophageal PD, but all significantly (p0. 01) increased the LES pressure and itsfunctional length and the strongest effect could be produced by lifting and thrusting together with rapidrotating of the needle. The findings of this experiment suggested that this hand--skill for acupunctur-ing Zusanli point should be chosen clinically for the treatment of reflux esophagitis.
Pathophysiology And Associated Conditions. Transient LES relaxation is the primary mechanism of GERD. It results from a vaso-vagal reflex triggered by stretch receptors of the proximal stomach. Studies have indicated that most reflux episodes are acidic. However, according to one study, 28% of episodes were only weakly acidic and 10% of episodes were weakly alkaline. Numerous factors may influence the symptoms of GERD. Delayed gastric emptying, volume of gastric content, quantity and acidity of refluxed contents, ability of the esophagus to clear this material, LES function, and the resistance of the esophageal tissue can influence reflux symptoms. Some researchers have proposed that patients with GERD can be categorized further as having erosive esophagitis,nonerosive reflux disease, and Barretts esophagus.( Zerbib F, et al ,2005). Gastritis There is conflicting evidence regarding the role that Helicobacter pylori may play in GERD pathology. There are various studies that have looked at ...
Thirty two dogs were operated on in order to evaluate the mucosal regeneration of the serosal patch at the gastroesophageal junction. The operation began with a cardiotomy involving one centimeter of the esophagus and two centimeters of the stomach, originating an elliptical serosal surface three centimeters long and one centimeter large. turned to the digestive lumen. The animals were divided into four groups of eight dogs each and named: 1, 2, 3 and 4; they were sacrificed after one, two, four and eight weeks respectively. The results were evaluated by post-operative clinical aspects, macro and microscopic analysis. Post-operative morbidity was low, without signs of digestive tract obstruction. Macroscopically, the patch area at the first week became an ulcerated lesion, with a necrotic bottom; at the second and fourth weeks there was a progressive reduction of the ulcer, from its boundaries to the center, until the complete healing at the eighth week. Microscopically, the serous membrane ...
The functional postganglionic innervation of isolated smooth muscle strips from the oesophagogastric junction was examined in specimens taken from six achalasia patients and seven controls. Muscle strips representing either the longitudinal or the circular layer were prepared and mounted in organ baths and isometric tension was recorded. Electrical field stimulation, selectively exciting nerves, was applied. Strips from the circular layer from controls relaxed during field stimulation, an effect that was the result of stimulation of noncholinergic, non-adrenergic, inhibitory nerves. Circular muscle strips from achalasia patients contracted during field stimulation, an effect that was caused by muscarinic receptor activation. In one patient, atropine reversed the contraction to a relaxation. Longitudinal muscle strips contracted in response to stimulation in both controls and achalasia patients. This response was abolished by atropine. In conclusion the function of postganglionic inhibitory nerve ...
BACKGROUND: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the benefit and feasibility of perioperative chemotherapy for treatment of gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA). Despite convincing results, patients entering such trials usually represent only a fraction of those who are candidates for treatment. Confirmation of trial-reported effects and tolerability in unselected cohorts is therefore required. The aims of this study were to confirm the safety and efficacy of perioperative chemotherapy for resectable GEA and to delineate risks of treatment failure. METHODS: We conducted a national retrospective cohort analysis of patients admitted for perioperative chemotherapy for resectable GEA. Regimens were epirubicin and capecitabine combined with oxaliplatin or cisplatin. RESULTS: The intention-to-treat analysis included 271 patients. Eighty-seven percent of patients completed preoperative chemotherapy, and 63 % received radical resection. Age ,70 years (odds ratio 2.58) and hypoalbuminemia (odds ...
A combination of trifluridine and tipiracil showed some gains in overall survival for patients with metastatic gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer.
Expertise, Disease and Conditions: Anal Cancer, Bile Duct Cancer, Carcinoid Syndrome, Carcinoid Tumors, Cholangiocarcinoma, Colon Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer, Gastrointestinal Cancers, Gastrointestinal Tumors, Hepatocellular Cancer, Liver Cancer, Medical Oncology, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Pancreatic Cancer, Peri-Ampullar Cancer, Rectal Cancer, Small Bowel Cancer, Small Intestine Cancer, Stomach ...
Expertise, Disease and Conditions: Anal Cancer, Bile Duct Cancer, Carcinoid Syndrome, Carcinoid Tumors, Cholangiocarcinoma, Colon Cancer, Colorectal Cancer, Gastric Cancer, Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer, Gastrointestinal Cancers, Gastrointestinal Tumors, Hepatocellular Cancer, Liver Cancer, Medical Oncology, Neuroendocrine Tumors, Pancreatic Cancer, Peri-Ampullar Cancer, Rectal Cancer, Small Bowel Cancer, Small Intestine Cancer, Stomach ...
Methods 12 non-physician healthcare professionals (group 1) and 10 newly certified dentists (group 2) performed 10 cycles of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a manikin using this device compared with mouth-to-mouth technique. Dentists also employed a mask without the valve. Lower oesophageal sphincter pressures had been adjusted to 1.5 kPa (group 1) and 0.3 kPa (group 2); the valve relief pressure to 1.5 kPa (group 1) and 2.0 kPa (group 2).. ...
HER2 and topoisomerase 2 alpha (TOP2A) genomic status was previously reported to predict benefit from anthracyclines in breast cancer. We sought to define the prognostic impact and possible pitfalls related to these biomarkers in resectable gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. HER2 and TOP2A gene amplification by fluorescent in situ hybridization and HER2 protein expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) were assessed on whole tissue sections from 101 patients receiving peri- or postoperative epirubicin-based chemotherapy. In a subgroup of patients, at least two matched tumor blocks, originating either from surgical procedures (n = 88) or diagnostic biopsies (n = 32), were available for HER2 analyses by IHC. Eighteen of 101 patients (17.8 %) were HER2 positive, whereas TOP2A was amplified in 4 of 84 patients (4.7 %). HER2 positivity was significantly associated with improved disease-free survival [HR = 0.47 (95 % CI 0.22-0.99), P = 0.046] and overall survival [HR = 0.33 (95 % CI 0.13-0.83), P < ...
The landscape for treating patients with gastroesophageal cancers is undergoing rapid change, and international cooperation among specialists is crucial to the advancement of care.
There is a natural barrier/valve (lower oesophageal sphincter) that prevents reflux between the stomach and the oesophagus. GORD occurs when there is dysfunction of this barrier. Things that can affect this barrier include:. - Hiatus Hernia: this occurs when part or all of the stomach migrates from its position in the abdominal cavity into the chest through the diaphragm. This disrupts the valve and allows acid to flow into the oesophagus.. - Oesophageal Dysmotility: normally the oesophagus propels food into the stomach in a progressive manner. When the oesophagus does not contract normally, this can lead to dysfunction of the lower oesophageal sphincter.. - Obesity / increased BMI: with increased weight, there is increased pressure in the abdominal cavity that leads to reflux. This increased pressure can also lead to a hiatus hernia forming.. ...
This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on tumor response rate and durability of response. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in the confirmatory trials. The safety and effectiveness of KEYTRUDA in pediatric patients with MSI-H central nervous system cancers have not been established. Microsatellite Instability-High or Mismatch Repair Deficient Colorectal Cancer KEYTRUDA is indicated for the first-line treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic MSI-H or dMMR colorectal cancer (CRC). Gastric Cancer KEYTRUDA is indicated for the treatment of patients with recurrent locally advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma whose tumors express PD-L1 (CPS ≥1) as determined by an FDA-approved test, with disease progression on or after two or more prior lines of therapy including fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-containing chemotherapy and if appropriate, ...
Medicine for mallory weiss syndrome - Symptoms of mallory weiss syndrome? Pain, vomiting. Severe vomiting, retching can cause tear at the esophago-gastric junction resulting in bloody emesis. Diagnosis is made by endoscopy.
Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (version 13.0 for Windows, Chicago, IL, USA). Data were expressed as the mean±standard deviation (SD). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess statistical significance for age, body mass index (BMI), and esophageal manometry parameters according to HH, CLE, ZAP, and GEFV status. Age, BMI, and esophageal manometry parameters were compared among patients with or without HH, CLE, and RE, and among groups with different ZAP and GEFV grades, using unpaired t-tests. Differences in HH, CLE, and RE according to ZAP and GEFV grades and the relationship between ZAP and GEFV grades were assessed using the chi-square test for trend. Spearmans rank correlation coefficient was calculated to examine the correlation between GEFV and RE grades, ZAP and RE grades, and HH and RE grades. To evaluate the ability of the variables of interest to predict CLE and RE, a logistic regression analysis model was used. The LESP and DEA values were compared using ...
This phase II trial evaluated the efficacy of pralatrexate plus oxaliplatin in the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic oesophageal, stomach,
Pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCTX) is a prognostic factor in many cancer types, and early prediction would help to modify treatment. In patients with gastric and esophagogastric junction (AEG) cancer, the accuracy of FDG PET-CT to predict early pathologic response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neoCTX) is currently not known. From a consecutive cohort of 72 patients, 44 patients with resectable, locally-advanced gastric cancer or AEG Siewert type II and III received neoCTX after primary staging with endoscopic ultrasound, PET-CT and laparoscopy. Overall, 14 patients did not show FDG uptake, and the remaining 30 were restaged by PET-CT 14 days after the first cycle of neoCTX. Metabolic response was defined as decrease of tumor standardized uptake value (SUV) by ≥35%. Major pathologic regression was defined as less than 10% residual tumor cells. Metabolic response after neoCTX was detected in 20/30 (66.7%), and non-response in 10/30 (33.3%) patients. Among metabolic responders, n
Therefore, as this case exemplifies, accurate depiction of site and features of SEMS-related perforation is crucial and should rely on multidetector CT. Sometimes complemented with oral contrast swallow in cooperative patients, CT has significant advantages over endoscopy and plain radiographs, particularly for retroperitoneal abnormalities such as those from injuries involving the oesophagogastric junction and second-through-fourth duodenal portions. CT is sensitive for even minimal intraperitoneal, mediastinal or retroperitoneal air, and provides comprehensive high-resolution display of the stent, gastrointestinal wall and surrounding structures, usually allowing clarification of the site and mechanism of injury and correct therapeutic choice [3, 6-10 ...
© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel. Objectives: Our objectives were to confirm the activity of O-MAX chemotherapy in adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagus, particularly the high rate of complete remission (CR) and the relation of subclinical hemolysis to CR. Patients and Methods: Twenty-five patients with metastatic esophagogastric adenocarcinoma were treated with O-MAX. Two developed cancer-related hemolytic-uremic syndrome (C-HUS); both achieved CR. Subsequent patients were monitored for serum haptoglobin for subclinical hemolysis. Results: Median survival was 16.5 months. The objective response rate was 90%, with 38% CR. Three patients achieving CR relapsed in the central nervous system and died (2 without systemic disease). Four patients have remained alive, off therapy, the longest for 20 years. Two patients developed clinical C-HUS and 5 of 8 monitored patients developed subclinical hemolysis based on abnormal serum haptoglobin. Four of the patients with subclinical hemolysis achieved CR. Of the 7
Fundamentally, deep neural networks are black boxes, indicating that it is not known how the network produces the output. Therefore, the results are analyzed using statistical methods. For example, various measures, such as sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, are used to analyze the results and identify problems in the network. However, we can only estimate how the network performs judgements, while the forwarding process of the network remains unclear. This limitation can lead to critical errors in the learning process involving endoscopic images. For example, in the case of AI that is focused only on classification for EGC diagnosis or depth prediction, basic normal structures, such as the pyloric channel or esophagogastric junction, might be incorrectly recognized as lesions. Therefore, the validity of the process needs to be confirmed instead of merely accepting the classification result of the AI. To design a more reliable deep learning system, there has been an increasing interest in ...
Once the foreign body passes the esophagogastric junction into the stomach, it will usually pass through the pylorus10; however, surgical removal is indicated if the foreign body has sharp points or if it remains in one location for more than 4 to 5 days especially in the presence of symptoms. A decision should be based on the nature of the foreign body in those cases, as to whether a corrosive or toxic metal in ingested.11 Magnets or a magnet along with a magnetic object should be emergently removed.. The length of the foreign body is also a risk factor for obstruction, particularly in children under 2 years of age because they have considerable difficulty in passing objects longer than 5 cm through the duodenal loop into the jejunum. In infants, foreign bodies 2 or 3 cm in length may also become impacted in the duodenum.12 Although the literature doesnt document a particular length beyond which a foreign body is likely to cause perforation or obstruction, it has been recommended objects ...
Distal oesophageal and Type I-II oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinomas have a poor prognosis. In radical chemoradiotherapy, consensus is lacking on radiotherapy margins. Here, we review the effect of common imaging modalities on the extent of the gross tumour volume (GTV) and the evidence for margins. To do this, papers were identified from PubMed, and geometric uncertainties were combined using the British Institute of Radiology formula. CT and endoscopic ultrasound were best for GTV delineation, but the role of positron emission tomography is uncertain. Evidence suggests 3 cm proximal and 5 cm distal GTV-CTV (clinical target volume) margins (along the mucosa) for advanced tumours, but is lacking for early tumours and radial margins. Nodal spread, present in most pT2 tumours, is strongly prognostic and is initially to regional nodes (not wholly covered by typical radiotherapy). Calculated CTV-PTV (planning target volume) margins for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy using ...
Contrast enhanced swallow study showing a normal esophageal transit with appropriate narrowing of the gastro-esophageal junction. The contrast fills the pouch
PubMed journal article: What is the optimum methodology for the clinical measurement of resting anal sphincter pressure?. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
New technology is increasingly allowing genomic analysis of tumor DNA to become a routine part of cancer care. This testing is already being used to guide treatment with an increasing number of targeted inhibitors, with the goal of using these biomarkers to match the drugs to the aberrantly active specific growth-promoting oncogene present in each tumor. In diseases where the use of genomic profiling to guide selection of targeted therapies has been most successful, such as in lung cancer or melanoma, the genomic biomarkers used to guide treatment decisions are highly concordant between the PT and metastasis. This concordance allows the profiles obtained from the more readily available PT to be an accurate proxy for the biomarker status of the metastases, typically the areas of tumor where systemic therapy is intended to treat. Results reported to date strongly suggest that a primary reason for failed targeted therapy trials in metastatic GEA is the problem of intrapatient tumor heterogeneity. ...
Background Metastatic progression due to development or enrichment of therapy-resistant tumor cells is eventually lethal. Molecular characterization of such chemotherapy resistant tumor cell clones...
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Of 135 GC pts with screening results, FGFR2 amplification was detected in 9% (n = 12), high level (FGFR2 ratio >5.0) was present in 5% (n = 7). Confirmed RR was 33% (3/9) in FGFR2 amplified GC, meeting the primary endpoint for this cohort. Median duration of response was 5.7 months, with one pt on study for > 10 months. Common toxicities (all pts) included fatigue (72%), constipation (50%) mucositis, skin and eye changes (44% each). All 3 GC responders had a PET response on D14 PET. Using digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) elevated FGFR2 copy number was detected in free plasma DNA of all responding pts. NanoString analysis revealed the presence of truncated C3 FGFR2 isoform in all responders; these pts also demonstrated high level homogenous FGFR2 amplification on MIRAX digital FISH imaging. ...
Cyramza (ramucirumab) used in combination with paclitaxel was approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of patients previously treated for advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adeno
UT Southwestern Medical Center Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center offers a multidisciplinary, expert-based team approach to diagnosing and treating each patient with stomach cancer.
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Acid reflux. Spasm of the lower esophageal sphincter at the juncture of the stomach can leave the sphincter open causing acid reflux, GERD or heartbur...
DelveInsights FGFRpositive Gastroesophageal Cancer - Market Insights, Epidemiology, and Market Forecast-2030 report delivers an in-depth understanding of th
Treatment of gastric cancer can be difficult, with surgical resection curing less than one half of patients. Macdonald and colleagues present data from a large randomized trial comparing surgical resection with subsequent chemo- and radiotherapy, and surgery alone.. Trial candidates had adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction that was shown by clear margins to be completely resected at the time of surgery. From 1991 to 1998, 556 patients were enrolled in the trial. The risk of relapse was high, with metastases to regional nodes present in 85 percent of patients.. Patients randomized to adjuvant therapy were given postoperative fluorouracil for five days, followed by a five-week regimen of radiotherapy and two more cycles of fluorouracil over the next two months. Adjuvant therapy was completed in 64 percent of patients. The most common reason for not completing adjuvant therapy was withdrawal related to side effects (17 percent), chiefly leukopenia and gastrointestinal ...