TY - JOUR. T1 - Complete Nucleotide Sequence of an Escherichia coli Sequence Type 410 Strain Carrying blaNDM-5 on an IncF Multidrug Resistance Plasmid and blaOXA-181 on an IncX3 Plasmid. AU - Overballe-Petersen, Søren. AU - Roer, Louise. AU - Ng, Kim Lee. AU - Hansen, Frank. AU - Justesen, Ulrik Stenz. AU - Andersen, Leif P. AU - Stegger, Marc. AU - Hammerum, Anette M. AU - Hasman, Henrik. PY - 2018. Y1 - 2018. N2 - Using Nanopore sequencing, we describe here the circular genome of an Escherichia coli sequence type 410 (ST410) strain with five closed plasmids. A large 111-kb incompatibility group F (IncF) plasmid harbored blaNDM-5 and 16 other resistance genes. A 51-kb IncX3 plasmid carried QnrS1 and blaOXA-181. E. coli isolates with both blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181 carbapenemases are rare.. AB - Using Nanopore sequencing, we describe here the circular genome of an Escherichia coli sequence type 410 (ST410) strain with five closed plasmids. A large 111-kb incompatibility group F (IncF) plasmid ...

ICD-10 A04.1 is enterotoxigenic escherichia coli infection (A041). This code is grouped under diagnosis codes for certain infectious and parasitic diseases.

Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia Coli Infections in Metro Detroit: Early Dominance of the ST-131 Clone

Synonyms for Escherichia coli infections in Free Thesaurus. Antonyms for Escherichia coli infections. 1 synonym for Escherichia coli: E. coli. What are synonyms for Escherichia coli infections?

A04.3 is a billable code used to specify a medical diagnosis of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli infection. Code valid for the fiscal year 2021

Looking for Escherichia coli infections? Find out information about Escherichia coli infections. common bacterium that normally inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, but can cause infection in other parts of the body, especially the... Explanation of Escherichia coli infections

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains of serotype O1:K1:H7/NM are frequently implicated in neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections and septicemia in humans. They are also commonly isolated from colibacillosis in poultry. Studies to determine the similarities of ExPEC from different origins have indicated that avian strains potentially have zoonotic properties. A total of 59 ExPEC O1:K1:H7/NM isolates (21 from avian colibacillosis, 15 from human meningitis, and 23 from human urinary tract infection and septicemia) originated from four countries were characterized by phylogenetic PCR grouping, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and genotyping based on several genes known for their association with ExPEC or avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) virulence. APEC and human ExPEC isolates differed significantly in their assignments to phylogenetic groups, being phylogroup B2 more prevalent among APEC than among human ExPEC (95% vs. 53%, P =

TY - JOUR. T1 - Dose-dependent differential resistance of inbred chicken lines to avian pathogenic Escherichia coli challenge. AU - Alber, Andreas. AU - Costa, Taiana. AU - Chintoan-Uta, Cosmin. AU - Bryson, Karen J. AU - Kaiser, Pete. AU - Stevens, Mark P. AU - Vervelde, Lonneke. PY - 2018/12/20. Y1 - 2018/12/20. N2 - Avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC) cause severe respiratory and systemic disease. To address the genetic and immunological basis of resistance, inbred chicken lines were used to establish a model of differential resistance to APEC, using strain O1 of serotype O1:K1:H7. Inbred lines 72, 15I and C.B12 and the outbred line Novogen Brown were inoculated via the airsac with a high dose (107 colony-forming units, CFU) or low dose (105 CFU) of APEC O1. Clinical signs, colibacillosis lesion score and bacterial colonisation of tissues after high dose challenge were significantly higher in line 15I and C.B12 birds. The majority of the 15I and C.B12 birds succumbed to the infection by 14 hours ...

INTRODUCTION Animals are considered to be reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria, but few epidemiological data on ESBL-producing Escherichia coli urinary tract isolates in pet dogs are available in China. METHODOLOGY This study was conducted to describe the prevalence and characterization of ESBL producers among E. coli urinary tract isolates from pet dogs in Taian, China. RESULTS A total of 118 E. coli were obtained from urinary samples of 80 companion dogs suffering from acute or chronic cystitis, of which three isolates from different dogs were ESBL producers. One isolate from dog A was of phylogroup A/ST410/CTX-M-15/TEM-1; one from dog B was of phylogroup B1/ST533/CTX-M-15/TEM-1; one from dog C was of phylogroup D/ST648/CTX-M-15. All ESBL producers were resistant to ampicillin, cephalexin, cefalotin, cefpodoxime, ceftiofur, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, but were susceptible to imipenem and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. E. coli

Looking for Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli? Find out information about Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli. common bacterium that normally inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals, but can cause infection in other parts of the body, especially the... Explanation of Enteroaggregative Escherichia Coli

TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of virulence factors on host inflammatory response induced by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes. AU - Sanchez-Villamil, Javier. AU - Navarro-Garcia, Fernando. PY - 2015/1/1. Y1 - 2015/1/1. N2 - Pathogens are able to breach the intestinal barrier, and different bacterial species can display different abilities to colonize hosts and induce inflammation. Inflammatory response studies induced by enteropathogens as Escherichia coli are interesting since it has acquired diverse genetic mobile elements, leading to different E. Coli pathotypes. Diarrheagenic E. Coli secrete toxins, effectors and virulence factors that exploit the host cell functions to facilitate the bacterial colonization. Many bacterial proteins are delivered to the host cell for subverting the inflammatory response. Hereby, we have highlighted the specific processes used by E. Coli pathotypes, by that subvert the inflammatory pathways. These mechanisms include an arrangement of pro- and anti-inflammatory ...

We examined extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolates from livestock, humans, companion animals, food, and the environment during 2009-2016 in Germany for the presence of CTX-M-27 allele within Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131. E. coli ST131 C1-M27 was exclusively present in humans; its incidence increased from 0% in 2009 to 45% in 2016.

Escherichia coli bacteria cause many illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract. Often, people come down with these diseases when they eat contaminated foods, especially ground beef or raw produce. Though E. coli infections are most common in less developed parts of the world, they are also a problem in the United States-contamination occurred in prepackaged cookie dough in 2009 and in spinach in 2006. But all E. coli are not harmful, as strains found in the human intestinal system can help with vitamin K production or in fighting harmful bacteria. This revised edition of Escherichia coli Infections contains up-to-date information on the different strains of E. coli, including the latest outbreaks, statistics, diagnostic breakthroughs, and vaccine development ...

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the important causative pathogens of neonatal invasive infection. The epidemiological and clinical profile of invasive E. coli infection in Chinese newborns is not well characterized. Ninety-four infants with invasive E. coli infection were categorized into E. coli early onset disease (EOD) group (onset ≤72 h after birth) (n = 46) and E. coli late onset disease (LOD) group (onset | 72 h) (n = 48). We compared and analyzed the clinical characteristics and drug sensitivity profile of early-onset and late-onset E. coli invasive infection in neonates. The incidence of E. coli-EOD and E.coli-LOD was 0.45/1000 live births (LBs) and 0.47/1000 LBs, respectively. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, perinatal fever, urinary tract infection, chorioamnionitis, and positive E. coli culture among mothers in the E. coli-EOD group were significantly higher than that in E. coli-LOD group. The incidence of premature birth, low-birth-weight, nosocomial infection, and

Escherichia Coli Infection (E Coli Infection): Read more about Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Complications, Causes and Prognosis.

A single E. coli clonal group, ST131, probably caused the most significantly antimicrobial-resistant E. coli infections in the United States in 2007, thereby constituting an important new public health threat. Enhanced virulence and/or antimicrobial resistance compared with other E. coli, plus ongoi …

TY - JOUR. T1 - Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Virulence Determinants. AU - Okamoto, Keinosuke. AU - Yamanaka, Hiroyasu. AU - Fujii, Yoshio. PY - 1991/1/1. Y1 - 1991/1/1. N2 - Escherichia coli is normally the most common facultative anaerobe in the large bowel and usually nonpathogenic for man. However, some E. coli strains which cause distinct syndromes of diarrhea diseases have been proved to be pathogenic. These organisms are one of the most common causes of food poisoning in Japan. In developing countries, these pathogens are known to be main causative agents of diarrhea which is the major cause of infantile morbidity and mortality. These E. coli strains are divided into four groups: enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enter-oinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). The four groups are distinguished on the basis of pathogenic, clinical, and epidemiologic features. Moreover, the fifth group of diarrheagenic E. coli, termed ...

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Presence and characterization of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) virulence genes in F165-positive E. coli strains from diseased calves and pigs

When both glucose and lactose are present in the growth medium, the uptake of lactose is strongly inhibited by glucose because of an increase in the nonphosphorylated form of IIAGlc, an inhibitor of lac permease. Mechanism responsible for glucose-lactose diauxie in Escherichia coli - challenge to the cAMP model

Eight newborn calves were challenged orally with a known enteropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli 0101 K?(A) and two to six hours later each calf was fed a minimum of three pints colostrum. All calves suffered from acute diarrhoea of varying severity within 24 to 48 hours of infection. Immunofluorescent and histological examination of the small intestine demonstrated adherence of the challenge organism to the epithelium and the presence of pathological lesions similar to those seen in colostrum-deprived calves with enteric colibacillosis. It was concluded that in order to be effective prophylactically, colostrum must be fed prior to infection.. ...

Although Escherichia coli infections are common throughout the developing world, their prevalence patterns in space and over time are not well characterized. We used serial case control data collected from 16 communities in northwestern Ecuador between 2004 and 2010, to examine the prevalence of enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). At its peak, the regional prevalence of EIEC was 8.3 infections/100 persons but this decreased to 1 infection/1,000 persons. The regional prevalence of ETEC ranged from 8 infections/1,000 persons to 3.7 infections/100 persons. The prevalence pattern of EIEC resembled that of a large epidemic whereas the prevalence Although Escherichia coli infections are common throughout the developing world, their prevalence patterns in space and over time are not well characterized. We used serial case control data collected from 16 communities in northwestern Ecuador between 2004 and 2010, to examine the prevalence of enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and ...

Synonyms and Keywords: Colibacillosis, E. coli enteritis, E. coli gastroenteritis, E. coli colitis, E. coli dysentery, E. coli diarrhea, Diarrheagenic E. coli infection, ETEC (toxigenic E. coli) infection, EHEC (enterohemorrhagic E. coli) infection, STEC (Shiga-like toxin producing E. coli), VTEC (Veratoxin-producing E. coli), EPEC (enteropathogenic E. coli) infection, EAEC (enteroaggregative E. coli) infection, EIEC (enteroinvasive E. coli) infection, DAEC (diffusely adherent E. coli) infection ...

Risk Assessment of Escherichia coli Infection from Use of Interactive Waterscape Facilities - Escherichia coli;Exposure;Interactive fountain;Risk assessment;

BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli producing ESBL/AmpC enzymes are unwanted in animal production chains as they may pose a risk to human and animal health. Molecular characterization of plasmids and strains carrying genes that encode these enzymes is essential to understand their local and global spread. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the diversity of ... read more genes, plasmids and strains in ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli from the Colombian poultry chain isolated within the Colombian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance (Coipars). METHODS: A total of 541 non-clinical E. coli strains from epidemiologically independent samples and randomly isolated between 2008 and 2013 within the Coipars program were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Poultry isolates resistant to cefotaxime (MIC ≥ 4 mg/L) were screened for ESBL/AmpC genes including blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCMY and blaOXA. Plasmid and strain characterization was performed for a selection of the ESBL/AmpC-producing ...

The intimin gene eae, located within the locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island, distinguishes enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and some Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains from all other pathotypes of diarrheagenic E. coli. EPEC is a leading cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries, and intimin-positive STEC isolates are typically associated with life-threatening diseases such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome and hemorrhagic colitis. Here we describe the development of a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay that reliably differentiates all 11 known intimin types (α1, α2, β, γ, κ, ɛ, η, ι, λ, θ, and ζ) and three new intimin genes that show less than 95% nucleotide sequence identity with existing intimin types. We designated these new intimin genes Int-μ, Int-ν, and Int-ξ. The PCR-RFLP assay was used to screen 213 eae-positive E. coli isolates derived from ovine, bovine, and human sources comprising 60 serotypes. Of these, 82 were

Click to launch & play an online audio visual presentation by Prof. Michael Donnenberg on The diversity of Escherichia coli infections, part of a collection of online lectures.

Learn more about Escherichia coli Infection at Medical City Dallas DefinitionCausesRisk FactorsSymptomsDiagnosisTreatmentPreventionrevision ...

The Report Escherichia coli Infections Global Clinical Trials Review, H2, 2016 provides information on pricing, market analysis, shares, forecast, and...

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are closely related pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. The hallmark of EPEC/EHEC infections [DS:H00278 H00277] is induction of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions that damage intestinal epithelial cells. The capacity to form A/E lesions is encoded mainly by the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island. Tir, Map, EspF, EspG are known LEE-encoded effector proteins secreted via the type III secretion system, which is also LEE-encoded, into the host cell. EPEC and EHEC Tirs link the extracellular bacterium to the cell cytoskeleton. Map and EspF are involved in mitochondrion membrane permeabilization. EspG interacts with tubulins and stimulates microtubule destabilization. LEE-encoded adhesin or intimin (Eae) is exported via the general secretory pathway to the periplasm, where it is inserted into the outer membrane. In addition to Tir, two potential host cell-carried intimin receptors, beta1 integrin (ITGB1) ...

Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) and enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are closely related pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. The hallmark of EPEC/EHEC infections [DS:H00278 H00277] is induction of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions that damage intestinal epithelial cells. The capacity to form A/E lesions is encoded mainly by the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) pathogenicity island. Tir, Map, EspF, EspG are known LEE-encoded effector proteins secreted via the type III secretion system, which is also LEE-encoded, into the host cell. EPEC and EHEC Tirs link the extracellular bacterium to the cell cytoskeleton. Map and EspF are involved in mitochondrion membrane permeabilization. EspG interacts with tubulins and stimulates microtubule destabilization. LEE-encoded adhesin or intimin (Eae) is exported via the general secretory pathway to the periplasm, where it is inserted into the outer membrane. In addition to Tir, two potential host cell-carried intimin receptors, beta1 integrin (ITGB1) ...

Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli is a major cause of diarrhea in diverse populations worldwide. EAEC has a characteristic stacked-brick adherence pattern to intestinal epithelial cells which is mediated the aggregative adherence fimbria (AAF). The AraC-like regulator AggR has been found to regulate expression of the genes encoding the AAF and several other virulence associated genes. Multiple epidemiologic studies have found an association between possession of aggR and EAEC disease. However, the exact factor(s) responsible for diarrheal disease remain unclear. A microarray approach was used to identify AggR-regulated genes in EAEC strain 042. Nineteen previously unrecognized genes were found to be regulated by AggR. Three of these genes were chosen for further study based on a high prevalence in an EAEC strain collection. Two of the genes (orf3 and orf4) were found to cause an increase in resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides. The third (orf61) is a novel membrane damaging toxin ...

|jats:title|ABSTRACT|/jats:title||jats:p|OXA-48-like enzymes have emerged as important extended-spectrum β-lactamases/carbapenemases in|jats:named-content xmlns:xlink=http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink content-type=genus-species xlink:type=simple|Escherichia coli|/jats:named-content|sequence type 131 (ST131). We report the structures of the first fully sequenced|jats:italic|bla|/jats:italic||jats:sub|OXA-163|/jats:sub|plasmid and of two other|jats:italic|bla|/jats:italic||jats:sub|OXA-48|/jats:sub|plasmids in this lineage.|jats:italic|bla|/jats:italic||jats:sub|OXA-163|/jats:sub|was located on a 71-kb IncN plasmid with other resistance genes.|jats:italic|bla|/jats:italic||jats:sub|OXA-48|/jats:sub|was present on IncL/M plasmids, genetically similar to other|jats:italic|bla|/jats:italic||jats:sub|OXA-48|/jats:sub|plasmid sequences, and consistent with interspecies/interlineage spread. The presence of|jats:italic|bla|/jats:italic||jats:sub|OXA-48-like|/jats:sub|genes on epidemic plasmids in ST131 is of

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common form of extraintestinal Escherichia Coli infection (E.coli), and E. coli is the most common cause of UTI.The aim of this paper is to study the uropathogenicity factors for some strains of E.coli involved in the etiology of UTI and the affiliationof urinary E.coli strains to the serogroups involved in the UTI.We studied 208 strains of E. coli from urine samples sterilely collected from patients with clinical suspicion of urinary tract infection.The study was conducted in Emergency County Hospital Craiova between 2012-2014.Out of the 208 strains of E. coli submitted to the study, 60 strains (28.84%) - MRHA with human red cells, 28 strains (13.50%) - MRHA human red cells and blood red cells MSHA with guinea pigs, and 44 strains (21.12%) - MSHA with guinea pig red blood cells; 76 strains (36.54%) - no hemagglutination. Regarding our study, 42,34% of E.coli strains presented human MRHA putting forward their potential to cause pyelonephritits. The 68

TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinical significance and phylogenetic background of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolates from extra-intestinal infections. AU - Chakraborty, Arindam. AU - Adhikari, Prabha. AU - Shenoy, Shalini. AU - Saralaya, Vishwas. PY - 2015/5/1. Y1 - 2015/5/1. N2 - Introduction: Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBL), particularly CTX-M type ESBLs, have rapidly spread worldwide and pose a serious threat for healthcare-associated infections. We performed a molecular detection and characterization study of ESBL-related bla genes, including blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, and blaCTX-M15, and also assessed the relationship between the phylogenetic background of strains carrying ESBL genes and the patients clinical outcome. Methodology: A total of 300 non-repeated, clinically significant isolates were investigated. The molecular types of ESBL genes were determined using multiplex PCR. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using triplex PCR ...

Escherichia coli colonizes the human intestine shortly after birth, with most strains engaging in a commensal relationship. However, some E. coli strains have evolved toward acquiring genetic traits associated with virulence. Currently, five categories of enteroadherent E. coli strains are well-recognized, and are classified in regard to expressed adhesins and the strategy used during the colonization. The high morbidity associated with diarrhea has motivated investigations focusing on E. coli adhesins, as well on factors that inhibit bacterial adherence. Breastfeeding has proved to be the most effective strategy for preventing diarrhea in children. Aside from the immunoglobulin content, glycocompounds and oligosaccharides in breast milk play a critical role in the innate immunity against diarrheagenic E. coli strains. This review summarizes the colonization factors and virulence strategies exploited by diarrheagenic E. coli strains, addressing the inhibitory effects that oligosaccharides and

Abe CM, Salvador FA, Falsetti IN, Vieira MA, et al. (2008). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains may carry virulence properties of diarrhoeagenic E. coli. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 52: 397-406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2008.00388.x PMid:18336383 Antão EM, Wieler LH and Ewers C (2009). Adhesive threads of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli. Gut. Pathog. 1: 22. Aranda KR, Fagundes-Neto U and Scaletsky IC (2004). Evaluation of multiplex PCRs for diagnosis of infection with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. J. Clin. Microbiol. 42: 5849-5853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.12.5849-5853.2004 PMid:15583323 PMCid:535216 Arslan H, Azap OK, Ergönül Ö and Timurkaynak F (2005). Risk factors for ciprofloxacin resistance among Escherichia coli strains isolated from community-adquired urinary tract infections in Turkey. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 56: 914-918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jac/dki344 PMid:16174685 Binns MM, Mayden J and Levine RP (1982). ...

The term enteropathogenic Escherichia coli was originally used to refer to strains belonging to a limited number of O groups epidemiologically associated with infantile diarrhea ( 1 ). Subsequently, E. coli strains isolated from intestinal diseases have been grouped into at least six main categories on the basis of epidemiological evidence, phenotypic traits, clinical features of the disease they produce, and specific virulence factors. The well-described intestinal pathotypes or categories of diarrheagenic E. coli groups are enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) or verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) (including enterohemorrhagic E. coli [EHEC]), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteroinvasive E. coli, and diffusely adherent E. coli. The general definition of an E. coli pathotype as a group of strains of a single species that cause a common disease using a common set of virulence factors ( 2 ) has been further refined for STEC ...

Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains carrying the afa-8 gene cluster are frequently associated with extra-intestinal infections in humans and animals. The

E. coli possesses four iron uptake systems that use siderophores such as enterobactin and aerobactin, produced by E. coli, or the fungal siderophores ferrichrome and coprogen. Iron acquisition by this bacterium can also occur in a process mediated by citrate ((1), (5)). Pathogenic E. coli strains are able to use heme compounds as iron sources, but so far little is known about the mechanisms involved in this kind of iron uptake ((10)). The results of this study suggest that the human pathogenic E. coli strain EB1 contains a hemophore-dependent heme acquisition system. The bacterium secretes a heme-binding protein (Hbp) with an estimated size of 110 kD, that degrades hemoglobin. It is likely that Hbp is the shuttle protein of this heme-scavenging system in E. coli.. Recently, an exported protease (PssA) from a Shiga toxin-producing E. coli has been characterized ((43)). Sequence comparison showed that PssA is related to the family of autotransporter proteins, especially to SepA of S. flexneri ...

E. coli is a type of gram negative bacteria that lives in the gastrointestinal tract of people and animals. Some E. coli bacteria strains in contaminated food and water can cause diarrhea, urinary tract infections and abdominal cramps.

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34. 35. . Bursitis sternalis (inflammation of the sternal bursa). The bursa is enlarged in a various extent and filled with inflammatory exudate. The diagnosis of coli - infections is based on isolation and typization of pathogenic E. coli serotypes. Many other bacteria (salmonellae, pasteurellae, staphylococci etc.), viruses, chlamydiae and mycoplasmae should be excluded as possible aetiological agents. The prevention should aim at minimizing the probability of faecal contamination of eggs. This implies the maintenance of clean nests, discarding floor eggs and removal of eggs that are cracked or contaminated with faeces. Breeder eggs should be fumigated or disinfected in the farm prior to their transportation in the storage premise. The treatment is effective if initiated soon after testing the antibacterial sensitivity of isolates.. ...

34. 35. . Bursitis sternalis (inflammation of the sternal bursa). The bursa is enlarged in a various extent and filled with inflammatory exudate. The diagnosis of coli - infections is based on isolation and typization of pathogenic E. coli serotypes. Many other bacteria (salmonellae, pasteurellae, staphylococci etc.), viruses, chlamydiae and mycoplasmae should be excluded as possible aetiological agents. The prevention should aim at minimizing the probability of faecal contamination of eggs. This implies the maintenance of clean nests, discarding floor eggs and removal of eggs that are cracked or contaminated with faeces. Breeder eggs should be fumigated or disinfected in the farm prior to their transportation in the storage premise. The treatment is effective if initiated soon after testing the antibacterial sensitivity of isolates ...

A human challenge model was developed to study nutritional interventions to prevent infection with diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli, one of the major and most common causes of diarrhea. Challenges with high doses of E. coli was shown to prevent clinical symptoms upon re-infection. Here we aimed to study if a low dose primary E. coli challenge induced only partial protection against re-infection. Thirty healthy male volunteers were selected,randomized, and orally exposed to increasing concentrations of E. coli strain E1392/75-2A(10e6, 10e7, 10e8, 10e9, and 10e10 CFU). Clinical symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort were recorded, and stool and blood samples were collected. These were analyzed for immunological responses, stool characteristics, and inflammatory markers. After primary infection,E. coli-specific serum IgG(CFA/II) titers increased in a dose-dependent manner.Three weeks later, all volunteers were re-infected with a high E. coli dose(10e10 CFU). Surprisingly,all primary E. coli doses ...

In this study, we assessed the phylogroup distribution, virulence genotype, ExPEC status, and, selectively, PFGE profile and ST of 595 E. coli isolates obtained from diverse surface water sites and the feces of various wild and domesticated animals. All isolates were collected in Minnesota and Wisconsin in 1999 to 2002. Our four main findings were as follows: (i) an overall predominance of phylogroups A and B1, but with considerable variation by site and species; (ii) an overall scarcity of virulence genes and ExPEC isolates, but with considerable variation by animal species; (iii) strong associations of ExPEC status with phylogroups B2 (positive) and B1 (negative); and (iv) close PFGE correspondence between certain study isolates and archival human clinical and fecal isolates, involving familiar virulence-associated STs. These mostly reassuring findings suggest that E. coli strains that presumably can cause human extraintestinal infections are not prominent overall within the E. coli population ...

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Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains are responsible for a majority of human extraintestinal infections globally, resulting in enormous direct medical and social costs. ExPEC strains are comprised of many lineages, but only a subset is responsible for the vast majority of infections. Few systematic surveillance systems exist for ExPEC.. ...

Uropathogenic E. coli are paradoxically able to both cause disease in the urinary tract, and reside there asymptomatically. The pandemic, multi-drug resistant E. coli subclone ST131-H30 (H30) is of special interest, as it has been found to persist in the gut and bladder of healthy people. In order to understand this persistence, we investigated whether H30 is competitive in these niches and thus able to persist by excluding other E. coli, as well as whether H30 may persist via within-host adaptation. In order to assess the E. coli clonal landscape, we developed a novel method based on deep sequencing of two loci, along with an algorithm for analysis of resulting data. Using this method, we assessed fecal and urinary samples from healthy women carrying H30, and found that even in the absence of antibiotic use, H30 could completely dominate the gut and, especially, urine of healthy carriers. In order to ascertain whether H30 adapts within host, we employed population-level whole genome sequencing, ...