Objective: To search for further synergistic combinations of gentamicin and raw honey that might have potential in treating wounds. Methods: The antibacterial activity and synergistic interaction of raw honey and gentamicin was assessed by using agar well diffusion method. Two Gram-negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 2154) bacteria were selected for antibacterial activity assay. The cultures of bacteria were maintained in their appropriate agar slants at 4 °C throughout the study and used as stock cultures. Results: Raw honey and gentamicin interacted synergistically to inhibit Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusions: These results suggest that combinations of raw honey and gentamicin have therapeutic benefits in prophylaxis of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Comparative multi-omics systems analysis of Escherichia coli strains B and K-12. AU - Yoon, Sung H.. AU - Han, Mee Jung. AU - Jeong, Haeyoung. AU - Lee, Choong H.. AU - Xia, Xiao Xia. AU - Lee, Dae Hee. AU - Shim, Ji H.. AU - Lee, Sang Y.. AU - Oh, Tae K.. AU - Kim, Jihyun F.. PY - 2012/5/25. Y1 - 2012/5/25. N2 - Background: Elucidation of a genotype-phenotype relationship is critical to understand an organism at the whole-system level. Here, we demonstrate that comparative analyses of multi-omics data combined with a computational modeling approach provide a framework for elucidating the phenotypic characteristics of organisms whose genomes are sequenced.Results: We present a comprehensive analysis of genome-wide measurements incorporating multifaceted holistic data - genome, transcriptome, proteome, and phenome - to determine the differences between Escherichia coli B and K-12 strains. A genome-scale metabolic network of E. coli B was reconstructed and used to identify genetic ...
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The structure of the O-antigen polysaccharide (PS) from the enteroaggregative Escherichia coli strain 180/C3 has been determined. Sugar and methylation analysis together with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy were the main methods used. The PS is composed of tetrasaccharide repeating units with the following structure:→2)-β-d-Quip3NAc-(1→3)-β-d-Ribf-(1→4)-β-d-Galp-(1→3)-α-d-GalpNAc-(1→Analysis of NMR data indicates that the presented sequence of sugar residues also represents the biological repeating unit of the O-chain. The structure is closely related to that of O-antigen polysaccharide from E. coli O5 and partially to that of E. coli O65. The difference between the O-antigen from the 180/C3 strain and that of E. coli O5 is the linkage to the d-Quip3NAc residue, which in the latter strain is 4-O-substituted. The E. coli O65 O-antigen contains as part of its linear pentasaccharide repeating unit a similar structural element, namely ...
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in Journal of the American Chemical Society (2008), 130(17), 5618-9. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is applied to intact peptidoglycan sacculi of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. High-quality solid-state NMR spectra allow atom-resolved investigation of the ... [more ▼]. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is applied to intact peptidoglycan sacculi of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. High-quality solid-state NMR spectra allow atom-resolved investigation of the peptidoglycan structure and dynamics as well as the study of protein-peptidoglycan interactions. [less ▲]. Detailed reference viewed: 70 (1 ULiège) ...
Background: The emergence and propagation of different phylogenetic groups of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli have become a worldwide health concern in human and veterinary medicine. Therefore, the evaluation of the phylogenetic distribution of antibiotic-resistant E. coli is important for therapeutic and economic purposes. The aims of this study were to determine phylogenetic ...
FtsA is an essential cell division protein which is synthesized in minute amounts in Escherichia coli. To study the effects of overexpressing ftsA on the phenotype of E. coli cells, DNA fragments encoding the ftsA gene were subcloned downstream of a lac or a tac promoter in two plasmids. High-level expression of the ftsA gene from these promoters inhibited normal cell septation and caused the cells to become long, nonseptate filaments. Continued overexpression of ftsA resulted in the filaments developing spherical bulges up to 4 um in diameter. It is suggested that these bulges may emanate from septation sites because they were evenly spaced in relation to one another and to the cell poles. Observations of thin sections by electron microscopy demonstrated that these bulges contained small electron dense regions and large electron-lucent plate-like inclusions. A finding that the bulging filamentous cells contain more hexosamine per mass than control cells suggests that abnormal peptidoglycan synthesis
How is Defective DNA of the Bacteria Escherichia Coli abbreviated? DNAa stands for Defective DNA of the Bacteria Escherichia Coli. DNAa is defined as Defective DNA of the Bacteria Escherichia Coli very rarely.
e coli protein e coli host cell protein elisa | order e coli protein e coli host cell protein elisa | How to use: e coli protein e coli host cell protein elisa |
The novel sigma factor (sigma S) encoded by rpoS (katF) is required for induction of many growth phase-regulated genes and expression of a variety of stationary-phase phenotypes in Escherichia coli. Here we demonstrate that wild-type cells exhibit spherical morphology in stationary phase, whereas rpoS mutant cells remain rod shaped and are generally larger. Size reduction of E. coli cells along the growth curve is a continuous and at least biphasic process, the second phase of which is absent in rpoS-deficient cells and correlates with induction of the morphogene bolA in wild-type cells. Stationary-phase induction of bolA is dependent on sigma S. The gearbox a characteristic sequence motif present in the sigma S-dependent growth phase- and growth rate-regulated bolAp1 promoter, is not recognized by sigma S, since stationary-phase induction of the mcbA promoter, which also contains a gearbox, does not require sigma S, and other sigma S-controlled promoters do not contain gearboxes. However, ...
In the present study, we demonstrate colonization resistance in mice precolonized with a specific human commensal E. coli strain and subsequently fed the same strain 10 days later, i.e., the strain fed at day 10 is nearly eliminated (Fig. 1). However, despite the fact that different human commensal strains compete with each other in all sections of the intestine (Table 2), it appears that colonization resistance is not effective when mice precolonized with one human commensal E. coli strain are fed 105 CFU of a different human commensal E. coli strain 10 days later. That is, the strain fed at day 10 grows from low to higher numbers in the mouse intestine and persists in high numbers along with the precolonized strain (Fig. 2).. When the precolonized E. coli strain and the strain fed at 10 days are isogenic and utilize all nutrients equally well, the precolonized strain has the advantage of having had 10 days to adapt to the intestinal environment. The mechanisms involved in adaptation that ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Pathogenic and fecal Escherichia coli strains from turkeys in a commercial operation. AU - Altekruse, S. F.. AU - Elvinger, F.. AU - DebRoy, C.. AU - Pierson, F. W.. AU - Eifert, J. D.. AU - Sriranganathan, N.. PY - 2002/1/1. Y1 - 2002/1/1. N2 - The biochemical phenotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 105 clinical Escherichia coli isolates from flocks with colibacillosis in a turkey operation were compared with 1104 fecal E. coli isolates from 20 flocks in that operation. Clinical isolates and 194 fecal isolates with biochemical phenotypes or minimum inhibitory concentrations for gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole similar to clinical isolates were tested for somatic antigens and the potential virulence genes hylE, iss, tsh, and K1. The predominant biochemical phenotype of clinical isolates contained 21 isolates including 14 isolates belonging to serogroup O78 with barely detectable β-D-glucuronidase activity. Thirty-five fecal isolates had biochemical phenotypes ...
Surgical stress shifts the intestinal Escherichia coli population to that of a more adherent phenotype: role in barrier regulation.: The combination of surgical
E. coli bacteria. Coloured scanning electron micrograph of the rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, known as E. coli. These bacteria are normal inhabitants of the human intestine (they also occur in the intestine of animals) and are usually harmless. Under certain conditions, however, E. coli might increase in number and cause infection. Serotypes of E. coli are responsible for gastro-enteritis in children, particularly in tropical countries. In adults it causes travellers diarrhoea and 80% of all urinary tract infections. It is also the organism most used in genetic engineering studies. Magnification: x2400 at 6x7cm size. - Stock Image B230/0143
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The susceptibility of the E. coli B strain to a variety of stressful conditions and antibiotics revealed by PM tests (Figure S3 in Additional file 1) can be explained by several observations (Figure 5). First, differences in the composition of the LPS core and expression of outer membrane proteins may influence the permeability and integrity of the cell envelope. B strains produce more OmpF porin than K-12 strains because the B genome lacks micF, which post-transcriptionally prevents production of OmpF [24]. This is further supported by the transcriptome data showing high levels of ompF expression in the B strain and high expression of ompC and ompA in the K-12 strain (Figure 4). These observations were also consistent with results of proteome analysis of the outer membrane fractions (Figure S2B in Additional file 1). Noxious agents such as antibiotics and bile acids diffuse more easily through OmpF than OmpC because the former produces a channel with a larger pore size [25]. Second, synthesis ...
A strain of human invasive Escherichia coli 0143 (HlnvEC) which was found to lack pili and flagella was orally administered to rabbits weighing 0.7 to 1.1 kg in doses ranging from 1.5 x 108 to 2.5 x 10 10 bacteria. HInvEC colonized the ileum, cecum, and colon in large numbers for one to three days and produced diarrhea depending on the dose in 124 (65%) of 189 rabbits. A dose of 2.5 x 10 10 bacteria elicited diarrheal disease in 91 (87%) of 105 rabbits, The acute pathohistology as determined by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and immune-fluorescent microscopy was manifested in the distal ileum, cecum, and colon. The pathohistology involved the epithelial mucosa which developed mucosal ulcers characterized by a polymorphonuclear leucocyte response, especially at sites where HlnvEC invaded the lamina propria. Thus, we have developed and characterized in young rabbits a model of HlnvEC diarrhea that is similar clinically and pathohistologically to the same disease ...
A strain of human invasive Escherichia coli 0143 (HlnvEC) which was found to lack pili and flagella was orally administered to rabbits weighing 0.7 to 1.1 kg in doses ranging from 1.5 x 108 to 2.5 x 10 10 bacteria. HInvEC colonized the ileum, cecum, and colon in large numbers for one to three days and produced diarrhea depending on the dose in 124 (65%) of 189 rabbits. A dose of 2.5 x 10 10 bacteria elicited diarrheal disease in 91 (87%) of 105 rabbits, The acute pathohistology as determined by light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and immune-fluorescent microscopy was manifested in the distal ileum, cecum, and colon. The pathohistology involved the epithelial mucosa which developed mucosal ulcers characterized by a polymorphonuclear leucocyte response, especially at sites where HlnvEC invaded the lamina propria. Thus, we have developed and characterized in young rabbits a model of HlnvEC diarrhea that is similar clinically and pathohistologically to the same disease ...
Studies using isogenic transductant strains mlpA+ and mlpA as well as reversion analysis suggested that the physiological consequences of a structural gene mutation in murein lipoprotein include (i) increased sensitivity toward chelating agents ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and ethyleneglycol-bis (beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N-tetraacetic acid, (ii) leakage of periplasmic enzyme ribonuclease, (iii) weakened association between the outer membrane and the rigid layer accentuated by Mg2+ starvation, resulting in the formation of outer membrane blebs, and (iv) decreased growth rate in media of low ionic strength or low osmolarity. It is suggested that the bound form of lipoprotein plays an important role in the maintenance of the structural integrity of the outer membrane of the Escherichia coli cell envelope. Other outer membrane components may also contribute to the anchorage of outer membrane to the rigid layer, probably through ionic interactions with divalent cations. Using the phenotype of ...
Can get into food, like beef andescherichia . Common type of several types or strains of bacteria and fecaloral found. . Bacteria thatnov , get into. russian blue cat for sale in michigan, Escherichia coli characteristics types of the enteroaggregative shiga toxin verotoxin producing escherichia. Gram negative, rod shaped bacteria and related bacteria thatnov . Can get into food, like beef andescherichia e an aerobic gram. Like beef andescherichia e food like ...
The ribosome is a complex macromolecule consisting of RNA and protein subunits that is responsible for translating the genetic code and protein synthesis. Within its large subunit, the exit tunnel exists as a conduit for nascent peptides to traverse before reaching the cytoplasm or membrane translocon. The tips of the extended loops (also called tentacles) of two proteins, L4 and L22, contribute to the surface of the narrowest portion of Escherichia colis exit tunnel. Mutations in the tentacles of the L4 and L22 proteins promote resistance to a class of antibiotics referred to as macrolides. Although the mutant strains have the advantage of growing in the presence of the antibiotic, erythromycin, they have the disadvantage of growing slower than the wildtype. The decreased rate of growth may be a reflection of structural changes within the 23S rRNA component of the large subunit induced by structural changes in L4 and L22, which in turn result in defects in ribosomal assembly and/or peptide ...
Chromosomal DNA from several Escherichia coli reference (ECOR) strains was transduced by bacteriophage P1 into E. coli strain K12 W3110 trpA33. Recombination patterns of the transductants were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism over a 40-kb region centering on a single marker (trpA+) in the tryptophan operon. These experiments demonstrate that transduction between different strains of E. coli can result in recombinational replacements that are small in comparison to the entrant molecule (replacements average 8-14 kb, whereas P1 packages approximately 100 kb) often in a series of discrete segments. The transduction patterns generated resemble the natural mosaic sequence patterns of the ECOR strains described in previous work. Extensive polymorphisms in the restriction-modification systems of the ECOR strains are a possible explanation for the sequence patterns in nature. To test this possibility two transductants were back-transduced into strain K12 W3110 trpA33. The resulting ...
Summary Nine hundred and twenty-five Escherichia coli isolates from cases of diarrhoea in the United Kingdom and belonging to enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) O serogroups were examined for virulence properties. The tests included adhesion to HEp-2 cells, the fluorescence actin staining (FAS) test (which correlates with the ability to cause attaching and effacing lesions) and DNA hybridisations with probes to detect sequences for eaeA (E. coli attaching and effacing factor), EAF (EPEC adherence factor), verocytotoxins VT1 and VT2, enteroaggregative E. coli and diffusely adherent E. coli. The O serogroups examined were 18, 26, 44, 55, 86, 111, 114, 119, 125, 126, 127, 128 and 142. Six hundred and sixty strains (71.4%) hybridised with at least one of the DNA probes. Over 80% of strains in O serogroups 26, 55, 119, 125, 127 and 142 and 41% of strains of serogroups 86, 111, 114, 126 and 128 hybridised with the eae probe and most showed localised attachment and were FAS-positive. However, |10% of these eae
Optimisation of Bacillus subtilis for the secretion of heterologous proteins Therapeutic proteins (including those required for experimental purposes and clinical trials) are major products of biomanufacturing processes and considerable time and expense are expended to maximise the yield and quality of proteins produced in heterologous hosts. The production host of choice is the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli for which many strains and expression systems have been developed. However, one size does not fit all: E. coli is not suitable for the production of many proteins, either because it is not able to carry out appropriate post-translational modifications (e.g. glycosylation) or because it does not facilitate their folding into a native (i.e. functional) configuration. The former can be overcome by use of more expensive eukaryotic host production systems, while the latter can often be overcome by secreting proteins from the cytoplasm. Secretion has three major potential advantages ...
We have developed a new system of chromosomal mutagenesis in order to study the functions of uncharacterized open reading frames (ORFs) in wild-type Escherichia coli. Because of the operon structure of this organism, traditional methods such as insertional mutagenesis run the risk of introducing pol …
Abstract: The purpose of paper was the evaluation of short-chain organic acid effect on Escherichia coli in fish meal stored at 12°C. Fish meal samples (n=125) were inoculated with 7 x 107 CFU x g-1 of E. coli ATCC 25922 strain and treated with 0 to 1.2% of formic (35%) and propionic (15%) acid mixture. The treatment resulted in the significant reduction of number of test bacteria, proportional to the concentration of acid added. When applied in mixture, propionic and formic acid appeared to work synergistically against E. coli. Accordingly, their application as high-protein feed preservatives seems to be highly appropriate. ...
E. coli bacterium, artwork. The Escherichia coli bacterium is a Gram-negative bacillus (rod-shaped bacterium). It commonly has a single long flagellum (thin thread-like structure) that is used for movement. However, this strain has numerous flagella, giving it greater mobility. E. coli is a normal inhabitant of the human intestine however, under certain conditions, its numbers may increase, causing infection. - Stock Image C011/1351
Optimisation of Bacillus subtilis for the secretion of heterologous proteins Therapeutic proteins (including those required for experimental purposes and clinical trials) are major products of biomanufacturing processes and considerable time and expense are expended to maximise the yield and quality of proteins produced in heterologous hosts. The production host of choice is the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli for which many strains and expression systems have been developed. However ...
Propolis exhibits antimicrobial effects on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to various antibiotics and some microorganisms.
BioAssay record AID 585432 submitted by ChEMBL: Antimicrobial activity against oqxAB positive Escherichia coli DH5[alpha] harboring pMD18-T::oqxAB by CLSI agar dilution method.
DNA damaging alkylating agents are present abundantly in the environment and also produced endogenously.The majority of the DNA adducts caused by such alkylating agents would be in double-stranded DNA. However, single-strand- specific lesions canarise when DNA double helix is temporarily unwound during replication or recombination. The N1 position of purines and the N3 of pyrimidines, which are normally protected from alkylation by base pairing in duplex DNA, can be alkylated in single-stranded DNA. The Escherichia coliAlkB protein is an oxidative demethylase that repairs such alkylatedbases present in single stranded DNA. Although AlkB function was known in great detail, its regulation was poorly characterized. I hypothesized that some proteins might directly interact with AlkB to regulate its function.. ...
Compaction of DNA is an essential phenomenon that affects all facets of cellular biology. Surprisingly, given the abundance and apparent simplicity of bacteria, our understanding of chromosome organization in these ancient organisms is inadequate. In this chapter we will focus on arguably the best understood aspect of DNA folding in the model bacterium Escherichia coli: the supercondensation of the chromosome that occurs during periods of starvation and stress.. DOWNLOAD. ...
Results of this study provided an example of how ESBL determinants in general and CTX-M in particular are rapidly spreading among commensal E. coli strains in healthy subjects from low-resource settings. In the surveyed area, including urban settings in Bolivia and Peru, the prevalence of healthy children carrying ESBL-positive E. coli strains in their commensal microbiota underwent a dramatic (17-fold) increase over a 3-year time period that was mostly contributed by CTX-M-type determinants. This phenomenon is a matter of concern, since commensals can act as a reservoir of resistance genes (Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistance Network [http://www.roarproject.org]; Alliance for Prudent Use of Antibiotics), while intestinal colonization by ESBL-producing isolates can be a source for influx of ESBL determinants into the hospital setting and represents a risk factor for subsequent infections caused by ESBL-producing strains in hospitalized patients (3). The reasons for this alarming evolution remain ...
In this paper, the Escherichia coli cell is considered as a system designed for rapid growth, but limited by the medium. We propose that this very design causes the cell to become subsaturated with precursors and catalytic components at all levels of macromolecular biosynthesis and leads to a molecular sharing economy at a high level of competition inside the cell. Thus, the promoters compete with each other in the binding of a limited amount of free RNA polymerase and the ribosome binding sites on the mRNA chains compete with each other for the free ribosomes. The macromolecular chain elongation reactions sequester a considerable proportion of the total amount of RNA polymerase and ribosomes in the cells. We propose that the degree of subsaturation of the macromolecular biosynthetic apparatus renders a variable fraction of RNA polymerase and ribosomes unavailable for the initiation of new chain synthesis and that this, at least in part, determines the composition of the cell as a function of ...
Total counts ofEscherichia coli were followed during anaerobic digestion of pig slurry laboratory scale digesters at 37° C. Counts decreased rapidly d
Understanding the mechanisms behind translation and its rate-limiting steps is crucial for both the development of drug targets and improvement of heterologous protein production with many biotechnological applications, such as in pharmaceutical and biofuel industries. Despite many advances in the knowledge of the ribosome structure and function, there is still much discussion around the determinants of translation elongation with experiments and computational studies pointing in different directions. Here, we use a stochastic framework to simulate the process of translation in the context of an Escherichia coli cell by gathering the available biochemical data into a ribosome kinetics description. Our results from the study of translation in E. coli at different growth rates contradict the increase of mean elongation rate with growth rate established in the literature. We show that both the level of tRNA competition and the type of cognate binding interaction contribute to the modulation of ...
Most of us associate the bacteria E. coli with nasty stomach ailments. But a new study published in Nature magazine suggests E. coli can not just turn stomachs, but could potentially turn the wheels of your car, since a genetically engineered strain of the bacteria has produced clean, road-ready biodiesel.. The bacteria can work on any type of biomass, including wood chip, switchgrass, and the plant parts that are left behind after a harvest-all contain cellulose, a structural material that comprises much of a plants mass. Study coauthor Jay Keasling and his colleagues report engineering E. coli bacteria to synthesize and excrete the enzyme hemicellulase, which breaks down cellulose into sugars. The bacteria can then convert those sugars into a variety of chemicals-diesel fuel among them. The final products are excreted by the bacteria and then float to the top of the fermentation vat before being siphoned off [Technology Review]. E. coli bacteria naturally turn sugars into fatty acids to build ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - An nad synthetic reaction bypasses the lipoate requirement for aerobic growth of Escherichia coli strains blocked in succinate catabolism. AU - Hermes, Fatemah A.. AU - Cronan, John E.. PY - 2014/12/1. Y1 - 2014/12/1. N2 - The lipoate coenzyme is essential for function of the pyruvate (PDH) and 2-oxoglutarate (OGDH) dehydrogenases and thus for aerobic growth of Escherichia coli. LipB catalyzes the first step in lipoate synthesis, transfer of an octanoyl moiety from the fatty acid synthetic intermediate, octanoyl-ACP, to PDH and OGDH. E. coli also encodes LplA, a ligase that in presence of exogenous octanoate (or lipoate) can bypass loss of LipB. LplA imparts ΔlipB strains with a leaky growth phenotype on aerobic glucose minimal medium supplemented with succinate (which bypasses the OGDH-catalyzed reaction), because it scavenges an endogenous octanoate pool to activate PDH. Here we characterize a ΔlipB suppressor strain that did not require succinate supplementation, but did ...
Methionine is an essential amino acid for animals and is typically considered one of the first limiting amino acids in animal feed formulations. Methionine deficiency or excess in animal diets can lead to sub-optimal animal performance and increased environmental pollution, which necessitates its accurate quantification and proper dosage in animal rations. Animal bioassays are the current industry standard to quantify methionine bioavailability. However, animal-based assays are not only time consuming, but expensive and are becoming more scrutinized by governmental regulations. In addition, a variety of artifacts can hinder the variability and time efficacy of these assays. Microbiological assays, which are based on a microbial response to external supplementation of a particular nutrient such as methionine, appear to be attractive potential alternatives to the already established standards. They are rapid and inexpensive in vitro assays which are characterized with relatively accurate and consistent
Purchase Recombinant Escherichia coli UPF0073 inner membrane protein yqfA(yqfA). It is produced in in vitro E.coli expression system. High purity. Good price.
Hi there, I need an antibody which would recognize the E coli cell surface (I am thinking, for instance, about an anti-flagellae, or and anti-LPS or an anti-porin), that could be use in Elisa experiment where I coat the multiplate with entire and intact E coli cells. Anybody has an answer and/or the antibody? Many thanks in advance! Jean-Yves Paquet jean-yves.paquet at fundp.ac.be ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Recombination of plasmids in a carbapenem-resistant NDM-5-producing clinical Escherichia coli isolate. AU - Xie, Miaomiao. AU - Li, Ruichao. AU - Liu, Zhonghua. AU - Chan, Edward Wai Chi. AU - Chen, Sheng. PY - 2018/5/1. Y1 - 2018/5/1. N2 - Objectives: To investigate the genetic features of five plasmids recovered from an NDM-5-producing clinical Escherichia coli strain, BJ114, and to characterize the plasmid recombination event that occurred during the conjugation process. Methods: The genetic profiles of the five plasmids were determined by PCR, conjugation, S1-PFGE, Southern hybridization andWGS analysis. Plasmid sequences were analysed with various bioinformatic tools. Results: Complete sequences of five plasmids were obtained. Two small plasmids, pBJ114-141 and pBJ114-46, were speculated to have recombined into a large fusion plasmid, pBJ114T-190. When conjugated to other E. coli strains, some of the fusion plasmids were able to be resolved into the original two single ...
Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) strains of serotype O1:K1:H7/NM are frequently implicated in neonatal meningitis, urinary tract infections and septicemia in humans. They are also commonly isolated from colibacillosis in poultry. Studies to determine the similarities of ExPEC from different origins have indicated that avian strains potentially have zoonotic properties. A total of 59 ExPEC O1:K1:H7/NM isolates (21 from avian colibacillosis, 15 from human meningitis, and 23 from human urinary tract infection and septicemia) originated from four countries were characterized by phylogenetic PCR grouping, Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and genotyping based on several genes known for their association with ExPEC or avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) virulence. APEC and human ExPEC isolates differed significantly in their assignments to phylogenetic groups, being phylogroup B2 more prevalent among APEC than among human ExPEC (95% vs. 53%, P =
TY - JOUR. T1 - Nonadditivity of Mutational Effects at the Folate Binding Site of Escherichia coli Dihydrofolate Reductase. AU - Huang, Zheng. AU - Wagner, Carston R.. AU - Benkovic, Stephen J.. PY - 1994/9/1. Y1 - 1994/9/1. N2 - The function of the hydrophobic residues Leu28, Phe31, Ile50, and Leu54 at the folate binding site in Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, EC 1.5.1.3) has been studied by a combination of site-specific mutagenesis and reaction kinetics. Studies suggest that the overall protein structure and kinetic sequence for the reaction did not change for the mutant proteins compared to the wild-type enzyme. Two sets of mutated reductases have been constructed. The first set, in which the side chains of the targeted amino acids are spatially well separated (∼8 Å), includes two single mutants (L28Y and L54F) and a double mutant (L28Y-L54F). This set features residues that increased the side chain surface area and the potential ...
Title: Nucleic Acid Sequence Based Amplification (NASBA) of Chlamydia pneumoniae Major Outer Membrane Protein (ompA) mRNA with Bioluminescent Detection. VOLUME: 3 ISSUE: 4. Author(s):B. K. Coombes and J. B. Mahony. Affiliation:Regional Virology and Chlamydiology Laboratory, St. Josephs Hospital, 50 Charlton Ave. East,Hamilton, Ontario, L8N 4A6, CANADA.. Abstract: Chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with chronic conditions such as atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease but the precise role of this intracellular bacteria in the pathogenesis of these diseases is not well defined. Several techniques have been developed for detection of C. pneumoniae in atheromatous lesions, however it remains unclear whether persistent forms of the organism and/or actively replicating bacteria contribute to associated pathology. The aim of this study was to utilize nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA) technology together with a highly sensitive aequorin bioluminescent hybridization assay for ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Role of virulence factors on host inflammatory response induced by diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes. AU - Sanchez-Villamil, Javier. AU - Navarro-Garcia, Fernando. PY - 2015/1/1. Y1 - 2015/1/1. N2 - Pathogens are able to breach the intestinal barrier, and different bacterial species can display different abilities to colonize hosts and induce inflammation. Inflammatory response studies induced by enteropathogens as Escherichia coli are interesting since it has acquired diverse genetic mobile elements, leading to different E. Coli pathotypes. Diarrheagenic E. Coli secrete toxins, effectors and virulence factors that exploit the host cell functions to facilitate the bacterial colonization. Many bacterial proteins are delivered to the host cell for subverting the inflammatory response. Hereby, we have highlighted the specific processes used by E. Coli pathotypes, by that subvert the inflammatory pathways. These mechanisms include an arrangement of pro- and anti-inflammatory ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Primary Structure of Escherichia coli Ribosomal Protein S1 and Features of Its Functional Domains. AU - KIMURA, Makoto. AU - FOULAKI, Kirani. AU - SUBRAMANIAN, Alap‐Raman ‐R. AU - WITTMANN‐LIEBOLD, Brigitte. PY - 1982/3. Y1 - 1982/3. N2 - The complete covalent structure of ribosomal protein S1 of Eschericlziu coli has been determined and predictions made of its secondary structure. Protein S1 (E. coli MRE 600) is a single‐chain, acidic protein with 557 amino acid residues of the composition Asp43, Asn23, Thr25, Ser25, Glu60, Glnl4, Pro10, Gly48, Ala48, Val67, Met6, Ile30, Leu45, Tyr6, Phe17, His8, LYS43, Arg30, Trp7, Cys2 and an Mr, of 61159. The two ‐SH groups of S1 are located in the central region of the chain at positions 292 and 349, the latter being the reactive group whose modification results in the reported loss of the nucleic‐acid‐unfolding ability of S1, The central region also contains the majority of the tryptophan, histidine and methionine residues of ...
Presence and characterization of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) virulence genes in F165-positive E. coli strains from diseased calves and pigs
This study evaluated the antibacterial efficacy of the consumption of cranberry capsules vs. placebo in the urine of healthy volunteers. A first double-blind, randomised, crossover trial involved eight volunteers who had followed three regimens, with or without cranberry, with a wash-out period of at least 6 days between each regimen. Twelve hours after consumption of cranberry or placebo hard capsules, the first urine of the morning was collected. Different Escherichia coli strains were cultured in the urine samples. Urinary antibacterial adhesion activity was measured in vitro using the human T24 epithelial cell-line, and in vivo using the Caenorhabditis elegans killing model. With the in-vitro model, 108 mg of cranberry induced a significant reduction in bacterial adherence to T24 cells as compared with placebo (p ...
Video articles in JoVE about escherichia coli include The Multifaceted Benefits of Protein Co-expression in Escherichia coli, Protocols for Implementing an Escherichia coli Based TX-TL Cell-Free Expression System for Synthetic Biology, Quantification of the Abundance and Charging Levels of Transfer RNAs in Escherichia coli, Determination of the Optimal Chromosomal Location(s) for a DNA Element in Escherichia coli Using a Novel Transposon-mediated Approach, Mapping Bacterial Functional Networks and Pathways in Escherichia Coli using Synthetic Genetic Arrays, Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat, Method for Labeling Transcripts in Individual Escherichia coli Cells for Single-molecule Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization Experiments, Residue-specific Incorporation of Noncanonical Amino Acids into Model Proteins Using an Escherichia coli Cell-free Transcription-translation System, Detection of Live Escherichia coli O157:H7 Cells by PMA-qPCR,
CS6 is the predominant colonization factor of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). We report the existence of multiple CS6 subtypes caused by natural point mutations in cssA and cssB, the structural genes for CS6. The subtype AIBI was mostly associated with ETEC isolated from diarrhoeal cases, whereas AIIBII was mostly found in asymptomatic controls. Here we explore the rationale behind this association. ETEC isolates expressing AIIBII showed weaker adherence to intestinal epithelial cells compared with ETEC expressing AIBI. AIIBII expression on the ETEC cell surface was threefold less than AIBI. We found that alanine at position 37 in CssAII, in conjunction with asparagine at position 97 in CssBII, was responsible for the decreased levels of AIIBII on the bacterial surface. In addition, purified AIIBII showed fourfold less mucin binding compared with AIBI. The asparagine at position 97 in CssBII was also accountable for the decreased mucin binding by AIIBII. Reduced fluid accumulation and
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the important causative pathogens of neonatal invasive infection. The epidemiological and clinical profile of invasive E. coli infection in Chinese newborns is not well characterized. Ninety-four infants with invasive E. coli infection were categorized into E. coli early onset disease (EOD) group (onset ≤72 h after birth) (n = 46) and E. coli late onset disease (LOD) group (onset | 72 h) (n = 48). We compared and analyzed the clinical characteristics and drug sensitivity profile of early-onset and late-onset E. coli invasive infection in neonates. The incidence of E. coli-EOD and E.coli-LOD was 0.45/1000 live births (LBs) and 0.47/1000 LBs, respectively. The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus, perinatal fever, urinary tract infection, chorioamnionitis, and positive E. coli culture among mothers in the E. coli-EOD group were significantly higher than that in E. coli-LOD group. The incidence of premature birth, low-birth-weight, nosocomial infection, and
Temperature variation--through time and across climatic gradients--affects individuals, populations, and communities. Yet how the thermal response of biological systems is altered by environmental stressors is poorly understood. Here we quantify two key features--optimal temperature and temperature breadth--to investigate how temperature responses vary in the presence of antibiotics. We use high-throughput screening to measure growth of Escherichia coli under single and pairwise combinations of 12 antibiotics across seven temperatures that range from 22{degrees}C to 46{degrees}C. We find that antibiotic stress often results in considerable changes in the optimal temperature for growth and a narrower temperature breadth. The direction of the optimal temperature shifts can be explained by the similarities between antibiotic-induced and temperature-induced damage to the physiology of the bacterium. We also find that the effects of pairs of stressors in the temperature response can often be ...
This chapter on probiotic Escherichia coli focuses on the properties, underlying mechanisms, and clinical uses of Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 as this is the most widely used and studied strain. However, it also refers to important work that has been done using other E. coli strains. The enterobacterium E. coli can be extraintestinally pathogenic (e.g., uropathogenic), intestinally pathogenic (e.g., enteropathogenic or enterohemorrhagic), and nonpathogenic or commensal (e.g., probiotic). The probiotic E. coli strain Nissle 1917 was isolated in 1917 from a soldier who appeared to be protected from gastrointestinal infections causing severe diarrhea in many of his comrades. Since that time, EcN has been studied intensively, not only with a focus on its apparent clinical use but also with a view to understanding how it counteracts the pathogenic mechanisms underlying a number of diseases. Its uniqueness, not only among other E. coli strains but also among other probiotic microorganisms, is evident.
Escherichia coli bacteriophage lambda ATCC ® 77359™ Designation: pLDR10 TypeStrain=False Application: contains sequence attachment site integrating vector
Escherichia coli bacteriophage T4 ATCC ® 11303-B4™ Designation: T4 TypeStrain=False Application: Testing of aerosol containment on cell sorters
DNA adenine methyltransferase (Dam) is widespread and conserved among the γ-proteobacteria. Methylation of the Ade in GATC sequences regulates diverse bacterial cell functions, including gene expression, mismatch repair and chromosome replication. Dam also controls virulence in many pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. An unexplained and perplexing observation about Escherichia coli Dam (EcoDam) is that there is no obvious relationship between the genes that are transcriptionally responsive to Dam and the promoter-proximal presence of GATC sequences. Here, we demonstrate that EcoDam interacts with a 5-base pair non-cognate sequence distinct from GATC. The crystal structure of a non-cognate complex allowed us to identify a DNA binding element, GTYTA/TARAC (where Y = C/T and R = A/G). This element immediately flanks GATC sites in some Dam-regulated promoters, including the Pap operon which specifies pyelonephritis-associated pili. In addition, Dam interacts with near-cognate GATC sequences (i.e. ...
In this semirural community, we found that numerically dominant commensal E. coli strains (showing similar antimicrobial resistance and same antibiotic resistance genes) colonizing children and domestic animals in the same period of time and in the same community are genotypically diverse. We also found that plasmids carrying the same antibiotic resistance genes were distinct, which is consistent with recent reports showing that AMR genes move frequently among different plasmids (28, 29). Our research suggests that a common pool of AMR genes could be cocirculating on different plasmids among different E. coli clones in a community (Table 2)-probably through dissemination mediated by transposons, integrons, or gene cassettes (28, 30). Even when the same resistance gene alleles and same plasmid replicon types were identified across isolates, the plasmids harboring these traits were still distinct. We also found potential evidence of Tn2 participation in mobility of the gene blaTEM-1B, as we found ...
Biofilms pose an increasing public health risk due to their ability to confer chemical, mechanical and environmental protection to the constituent bacteria [1]. Previous studies have shown complex fractal patterning and chirality in multi-strain colony biofilms; however, the architecture and substructure of single-strain communities is somewhat understudied. We aim to use the Mesolens to image the previously unexplored internal architecture of an intact Escherichia coli colony biofilm to better understand spatiotemporal organisation of a live bacterial community.. ...
BACKGROUND: Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the gastro-intestinal tract of human and vertebrate animals, although the aquatic environment could be a secondary habitat. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrological conditions on the structure of the E. coli population in the water of a creek on a small rural watershed in France composed of pasture and with human occupation. RESULTS: It became apparent, after studying the distribution in the four main E. coli phylo-groups (A, B1, B2, D), the presence of the hly (hemolysin) gene and the antibiotic resistance pattern, that the E. coli population structure was modified not only by the hydrological conditions (dry versus wet periods, rainfall events), but also by how the watershed was used (presence or absence of cattle). Isolates of the B1 phylo-group devoid of hly and sensitive to antibiotics were particularly abundant during the dry period. During the wet period and the rainfall events, contamination from human sources
Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains carrying the afa-8 gene cluster are frequently associated with extra-intestinal infections in humans and animals. The
Escherichia coli bacteria cause many illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract. Often, people come down with these diseases when they eat contaminated foods, especially ground beef or raw produce. Though E. coli infections are most common in less developed parts of the world, they are also a problem in the United States-contamination occurred in prepackaged cookie dough in 2009 and in spinach in 2006. But all E. coli are not harmful, as strains found in the human intestinal system can help with vitamin K production or in fighting harmful bacteria. This revised edition of Escherichia coli Infections contains up-to-date information on the different strains of E. coli, including the latest outbreaks, statistics, diagnostic breakthroughs, and vaccine development ...
E. coli possesses four iron uptake systems that use siderophores such as enterobactin and aerobactin, produced by E. coli, or the fungal siderophores ferrichrome and coprogen. Iron acquisition by this bacterium can also occur in a process mediated by citrate ((1), (5)). Pathogenic E. coli strains are able to use heme compounds as iron sources, but so far little is known about the mechanisms involved in this kind of iron uptake ((10)). The results of this study suggest that the human pathogenic E. coli strain EB1 contains a hemophore-dependent heme acquisition system. The bacterium secretes a heme-binding protein (Hbp) with an estimated size of 110 kD, that degrades hemoglobin. It is likely that Hbp is the shuttle protein of this heme-scavenging system in E. coli.. Recently, an exported protease (PssA) from a Shiga toxin-producing E. coli has been characterized ((43)). Sequence comparison showed that PssA is related to the family of autotransporter proteins, especially to SepA of S. flexneri ...
We examined extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolates from livestock, humans, companion animals, food, and the environment during 2009-2016 in Germany for the presence of CTX-M-27 allele within Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131. E. coli ST131 C1-M27 was exclusively present in humans; its incidence increased from 0% in 2009 to 45% in 2016.
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Screening and enumeration of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli directly from samples is needed to identify emerging resistant clones and obtain quantitative data for risk assessment. Aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of 3M™ Petrifilm™ Select E. coli Count Plate (SEC plate) supplemented with antimicrobials to discriminate antimicrobial-resistant and non-resistant E. coli. A range of E. coli isolates were tested by agar dilution method comparing the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) for eight antimicrobials obtained by Mueller-Hinton II agar, MacConkey agar and SEC plates. Kappa statistics was used to assess the levels of agreement when classifying strains as resistant, intermediate or susceptible. SEC plate showed that 74% of all strains agreed within ± 1 log2 dilution when comparing MICs with Mueller-Hinton II media. High agreement levels were found for gentamicin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol and cefotaxime, resulting in a kappa value of 0.9 and 100% agreement within ±
article{d5d0bba8-690d-4fa7-bd6f-4e7522f5ce40, abstract = {Bacillus subtilis membrane-bound holo-cytochrome c-550 was found to be expressed from the structural gene cloned on a plasmid vector in aerobically grown Escherichia coli and exhibited normal biochemical properties. This occurs despite the lack of endogenous eytochrome c and suggests that eytochrome c-heme lyase activity is also present in aerobic E. coli. The membrane topology of B. subtilis eytochrome c-550 was studied using fusions to alkaline phosphatase (PhoA). The results show that the heme domain (at least when fused to PhoA) can be translocated as apo-cytochrome and confirm that the N-terminal part of the cytochrome functions as both export signal and membrane anchor for the C-tenninal heme domain. A model for the organisation of B. subtilis cytochrome c-550 in the cytoplasmic membrane is presented.}, author = {von Wachenfeldt, Claes and Hederstedt, Lars}, issn = {1873-3468}, keyword = {phoA,cccA,Hemoprotein,Cytochrome c ...
Modern pharmaceutical manufacturing techniques frequently rely upon biotechnology. Amongst the earliest uses of biotechnology in pharmaceutical manufacturing is the use of recombinant DNA technology to modify Escherichia coli bacteria to produce human insulin, which was performed at Genentech in 1978. Prior to the development of this technique, insulin was extracted from the pancreas glands of cattle, pigs, and other farm animals. While generally efficacious in the treatment of diabetes, animal-derived insulin is not indistinguishable from human insulin, and may therefore produce allergic reactions. Genentech researchers produced artificial genes for each of the two protein chains that comprise the insulin molecule. The artificial genes were then inserted... into plasmids... among a group of genes that are activated by lactose. Thus, the insulin-producing genes were also activated by lactose. The recombinant plasmids were inserted into Escherichia coli bacteria, which were induced to produce ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Negative co-dominant inhibition of recA protein function. T2 - Biochemical properties of the recA1, recA13 and recA56 proteins and the effect of recA56 protein on the activities of the wild-type recA protein function in vitro. AU - Lauder, Scott D.. AU - Kowalczykowski, Stephen C.. PY - 1993. Y1 - 1993. N2 - We have investigated the biochemical properties of several Escherichia coli mutant recA proteins that display a null phenotype. These are the recA1, recA13 and recA56 proteins, each of which carries a single missense mutation. These proteins all share a common defect which is the inability to adopt the high affinity DNA binding state normally elicited by the nucleotide cofactor ATP. Consequently, other than the ability to bind ssDNA, they possess none of the in vitro enzymatic activities of recA protein. However, each protein has characteristics that are unique, leading to the conclusion that the observed mutant phenotypes arise through fundamentally different mechanisms. ...
Detect phenotypic resistance; Better antibiotic. is an older antibiotic which is an option for treating uncomplicated urinary tract infections from E. coli and E.. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Antimicrobial Agent Disk Content E. coli 1 ATCC 25922 2. Colistin is a mixture of the cyclic Antibiotic resistance and extended.Aynı suşların tetracycline,. Ancak bu seçicilik tam değildir, V.choeraedan geç olmakla birlikte E.coli, Proteus gibi basiller ve Candidalar üreyebilir.Both uses may be contributing to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial. Escherichia: Escherichia coli; Gram. Tetracycline, e.g.The virulence factor ychO has a pleiotropic action in an Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Effects of carriage and expression of the Tn10 tetracycline-resistance.. Titre du document / Document title Induction of Multidrug Resistance Mechanism in Escherichia coli Biofilms by Interplay between Tetracycline and Ampicillin.La colibacillose est une entérite liée à la ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Identification of bacterial factors involved in type 1 fimbria expression using an Escherichia coli K12 proteome chip. AU - Chen, Yi Wen. AU - Teng, Ching Hao. AU - Ho, Yu Hsuan. AU - Ho, Tien Yu Jessica. AU - Huang, Wen Chun. AU - Hashimoto, Masayuki. AU - Chiang, I. Yuan. AU - Chen, Chien Sheng. PY - 2014/6. Y1 - 2014/6. N2 - Type 1 fimbriae are filamentous structures on Escherichia coli. These structures are important adherence factors. Because binding to the host cells is the first step of infection, type 1 fimbria is an important virulence factor of pathogenic E. coli. Expression of type 1 fimbria is regulated by a phase variation in which each individual bacterium can alternate between fimbriated (phase-ON) and nonfimbriated (phase-OFF) states. The phase variation is regulated by the flipping of the 314-bp fimS fragment, which contains the promoter driving the expression of the genes required for the synthesis of type 1 fimbria. Thus, the bacterial proteins able to interact ...
Mono- and Stereopictres of 5.0 Angstrom coordination sphere of Copper atom in PDB 2tir: Crystal Structure Analysis of A Mutant Escherichia Coli Thioredoxin in Which Lysine 36 Is Replaced By Glutamic Acid
Extensive dissemination of CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli with multidrug resistance to ‘critically important’ antibiotics among food animals in Hong Kong, 2008â€10. Ho, P. L.; Chow, K. H.; Lai, Eileen L.; Lo, W. U.; Yeung, M. K.; Chan, Jane; Chan, P. Y.; Yuen, K. Y. // Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (JAC);Apr2011, Vol. 66 Issue 4, p765 Objectives To assess the occurrence of faecal carriage of Escherichia coli with resistance to ‘critically important’ antibiotics in various animals. Methods Rectal or cloacal swabs were obtained weekly from cattle, pigs, chickens, cats, dogs and wild rodents over a 2 year period.... ...
Escherichia coli strains are normally identified by the combination of their O and H (and sometimes K) antigens, and serotyping based on the antigens is believed to be crucial for clinical detection and epidemiological investigation. Two E. coli strains, G5413 and G5287, were isolated from faecal samples of female patients with diarrhoea and were not agglutinated with any antisera that cover the well-known O serogroups of E. coli. We elucidated the O-polysaccharide (OPS) structures and analysed the O-antigen gene clusters of these bacteria. The OPS structure of G5413 established by monosaccharide analysis and NMR spectroscopy was found to be unique amongst known bacterial polysaccharide structures. The O-antigen gene cluster of this strain was sequenced and did not match sequence data with any of the 184 O serogroups that have been recognized internationally. Gene functions were tentatively assigned and were appropriate to the OPS structure. Based on these data, we suggest G5413 as a candidate for a new
There have been 18 confirmed deaths and over 1,500 individuals infected with a rare strain of Escherichia coli bacteria in 10 different European countries. Austria, Denmark, Germany, France, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the U.K. have reported cases of the infection. The outbreak does not seem to be slowing and is causing great concern among health officials in Europe and the United States, who have stated that it is the worst in recorded history. The bacteria responsible for the deadly outbreak has been identified as a strain of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) designated O104:H4. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the strain has been seen in humans before but never in an EHEC outbreak. This bacterium is particularly virulent and can cause hemorrhagic colitis with bloody diarrhea, which can ultimately develop into hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). HUS is characterized by hemolysis of blood cells resulting in anemia and thrombocytopenia and ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Clinical significance and phylogenetic background of extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolates from extra-intestinal infections. AU - Chakraborty, Arindam. AU - Adhikari, Prabha. AU - Shenoy, Shalini. AU - Saralaya, Vishwas. PY - 2015/5/1. Y1 - 2015/5/1. N2 - Introduction: Escherichia coli producing extended spectrum-β-lactamases (ESBL), particularly CTX-M type ESBLs, have rapidly spread worldwide and pose a serious threat for healthcare-associated infections. We performed a molecular detection and characterization study of ESBL-related bla genes, including blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, and blaCTX-M15, and also assessed the relationship between the phylogenetic background of strains carrying ESBL genes and the patients clinical outcome. Methodology: A total of 300 non-repeated, clinically significant isolates were investigated. The molecular types of ESBL genes were determined using multiplex PCR. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using triplex PCR ...
Bacterial inclusion bodies are submicron protein clusters usually found in recombinant bacteria that have been traditionally considered as undesirable products from protein production processes. However, being fully biocompatible, they have been recently characterized as nanoparticulate inert materials useful as scaffolds for tissue engineering, with potentially wider applicability in biomedicine and material sciences. Current protocols for inclusion body isolation from Escherichia coli usually offer between 95 to 99% of protein recovery, what in practical terms, might imply extensive bacterial cell contamination, not compatible with the use of inclusion bodies in biological interfaces. Using an appropriate combination of chemical and mechanical cell disruption methods we have established a convenient procedure for the recovery of bacterial inclusion bodies with undetectable levels of viable cell contamination, below 10-1 cfu/ml, keeping the particulate organization of these aggregates regarding size
The number and proportion of CTX-M positive Escherichia coli organisms were determined in feces from cattle, chickens, and pigs in the United Kingdom to provide a better understanding of the risk of the dissemination of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) bacteria to humans from food animal sources. Samples of bovine (n = 35) and swine (n = 20) feces were collected from farms, and chicken cecal contents (n = 32) were collected from abattoirs. There was wide variation in the number of CTX-M-positive E. coli organisms detected; the median (range) CFU/g were 100 (100 × 10(6) to 1 × 10(6)), 5,350 (100 × 10(6) to 3.1 × 10(6)), and 2,800 (100 × 10(5) to 4.7 × 10(5)) for cattle, chickens, and pigs, respectively. The percentages of E. coli isolates that were CTX-M positive also varied widely; median (range) values were 0.013% (0.001 to 1%) for cattle, 0.0197% (0.00001 to 28.18%) for chickens, and 0.121% (0.0002 to 5.88%) for pigs. The proportion of animals designated high-density shedders (≥1 ...
Escherichia coli C forms more robust biofilms than other laboratory strains. Biofilm formation and cell aggregation under a high shear force depend on temperature and salt concentrations. It is the last of five E. coli strains (C, K12, B, W, Crooks) designated as safe for laboratory purposes whose genome has not been sequenced. Here we present the complete genomic sequence of this strain in which we utilized both long-read PacBio-based sequencing and high resolution optical mapping to confirm a large inversion in comparison to the other laboratory strains. Notably, DNA sequence comparison revealed the absence of several genes thought to be involved in biofilm formation, including antigen 43, waaSBOJYZUL for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis, and cpsB for curli synthesis. The first main difference we identified that likely affects biofilm formation is the presence of an IS3-like insertion sequence in front of the carbon storage regulator csrA gene. This insertion is located 86 bp upstream of the csrA
Purified penicillinase, in gram quantities, has been prepared from Escherichia coli strain W3310 by using methods developed to handle large amounts of material. The final product had a specific enzyme activity of 3.08 units/μg of protein, which was over twice as high as that reported previously (Datta & Richmond, 1966). The purified enzyme was similar to that from E. coli strain TEM, but different in molecular weight and some other respects. The differences observed may be a result of the greater purity obtained.. ...
Department of Chemistry, UBC Faculty of Science. Vancouver Campus. 2036 Main Mall. Vancouver, BC Canada V6T 1Z1. Tel: 604.822.3266. Fax: 604.822.2847. ...
The plasmid-located mcr-9 gene, encoding a putative phosphoethanolamine transferase, was identified in a colistin-resistant human fecal Escherichia coli strain belonging to a very rare phylogroup, the D-ST69-O15:H6 clone. This MCR-9 protein shares 33% to 65% identity with the other plasmid-encoded MCR-type enzymes identified (MCR-1 to -8) that have been found... ...
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This study aims to isolate, to identify, and to seek out fragments of encoding gene Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase on Escherichia coli isolated from swab surface of broiler chicken meat in a number of traditional markets in Surabaya. The result shows that 31 out of 50 samples positively contain Escherichia coli, shown through EMBA isolation media and identified using indole test. Sensitivity test shows that 100% of the isolates are resistant to Ampicilin, 48.4% are resistant to Cephazoline, 13% are resistant to Ceftazidime, 9.6% are resistant to Cefotaxime, 6.4% are resistant to Ceftriaxone and 87.2% are resistant to Tetracycline. 8 out of 8 (100%) samples of E. coli resistant show the presence of band towards blaTEM gene of 768 basepair (bp).. ...
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli-like E. coli strains belonging to serovar O103:K-:H2 and rhamnose-negative biotypes are highly pathogenic diarrhea-inducing strains for weaned European rabbits. We describe here the cloning and sequencing of the major subunit gene of a new fimbrial adhesin, adhesive factor/rabbit 2 (AF/R2), which confers on these strains the ability to attach to rabbit enterocytes and to HeLa cells in a diffuse manner and which is associated with in vivo virulence. The chromosomal operon that encodes functional AF/R2 has been cloned from strain B10. The major subunit gene afr2G, as well as an adjacent open reading frame, afr2H, has been sequenced. The Afr2G protein shows homologies with FaeG and ClpG, which are the respective major subunits of fimbrial adhesin K88 (F4) and afimbrial adhesin CS31A. Plasmid carrying the operon transcomplements an AF/R2-negative TnphoA mutant for its ability to express AF/R2. As a whole, AF/R2 is a new member of the E. coli K88 adhesin family which ...
The worldwide increase in antibiotic resistance is a concern for public health. When the appropriate antibiotic dosage is determined, the priorities are efficacy and toxicity. The aim of this thesis was to gain knowledge about the most efficient dosing regimens in order to minimize the emergence and selection of antibiotic-resistant mutants. We also wanted to assess the impact of antibiotic selective pressure and host to host transmission for the dissemination of resistance.. Escherichia coli bacteria with different levels of cefotaxime susceptibility were competed in an in vitro kinetic model, demonstrating a complex selection of low-level resistance influenced e.g. by the time duration of selective concentrations and the rise of new mutants. We also constructed a mathematical model incorporating biologically relevant parameters and showed its usefulness when assessing the risks of resistance development.. When E. coli populations with pre-existing fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants were exposed ...
In the present paper, it is reported that the results of phage adsorption rate constant (ARC) on stationary phasic bacteria, and 50% phages inhibiton (PhI_(50) of LPS μg/ml was estimated, and there is an attempt to analyse the loci and the number of phage receptor sites existed on cell wall of Eschevichia coli. The receptor site of Shigella phage Sh was also estimated and discussed. High ARC (K values 198-515) were derived from 9 strains which lysed by phage E-4(φ369), and the LPS less than 0.125 to 0.5μg/m...
The probability of recovering pathogenic Escherichia coli from food by the Bacteriological Analytical Manual method was determined by the effects of several factors: the number of strains per food, the ability of pathogenic strains to survive enrichment, and the frequency of plasmid loss during enrichment. Biochemical patterns indicated the presence of about six E. coli strains per food sample. About half of the strains isolated from humans did not survive enrichment. Among those which grew, plasmid loss, as determined by gel electrophoresis and DNA colony hybridization, ranged from 20 to 95%. The combined effects of failure to survive enrichment and plasmid loss decreased the relative numbers of these strains and reduced the chance of detecting pathogens. To counteract this tendency and obtain a 90 to 95% probability off recovering a given pathogenic strain, 40 to 50 colonies per food sample should be picked during the routine testing of foods. ...
In the study described here, we have taken steps to characterize the YjeE protein, an Escherichia coli protein of unknown function that is essential for bacterial viability. YjeE represents a protein family whose members are broadly conserved in bacteria, absent from eukaryotes and contain both Walker A and B motifs, characteristic of P-loop ATPases. We have revisited the dispensability of the yjeE gene in E. coli and describe efforts to probe the function of the YjeE protein with in vitro biochemistry. We have looked critically for ATPase activity in the recombinant E. coli protein and have made vigilant use of site-directed variants in the Walker A [K41A (Lys41→Ala) and T42A] and putative Walker B (D80Q) motifs. We noted that any hydrolysis of ATP by the wild-type E. coli protein might be attributed to background ATPase, since it was not appreciably different from that of the variants. To overcome potential contaminants, we turned to crystalline pure YjeE protein from Haemophilus influenzae ...
antibody-antibodies.com is the marketplace for research antibodies. Find the right antibody for your research needs. CobB regulates Escherichia coli chemotaxis by deacetylating the response regulator CheY.