EphB receptors and ephrin-B ligands regulate spinal sensory connectivity and modulate pain processing. - PubMed - NCBI
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
Lac z Histochemistry and immunohistochemistry reveal ephrin-B ligand expression in the inner ear. - Science Exchange
Immunostaining in transgenic mice carrying the lac z gene can be used to map gene and protein distribution in a single tissue. In this study, we examined inner ears from ephrin-B3 homozygous and ephrin-B2 heterozygous mice. Ephrin-B3 lac z expression was limited in these mice. However, immunostaining revealed ephrin-B3 throughout cochlear and vestibular regions. Immunoreactivity was absent in ephrin-B3-homozygous null mutants, demonstrating the specificity of the antibody. Ephrin-B2 lac z reactivity was detected in a limited number of cells in cochlear and vestibular regions. Different immunostaining patterns were found with different antibodies. Comparison with lac z expression indicated which antibody was specific for the transmembrane-bound ephrin-B2 ligand.. ...
Ephrin-B2 | definition of ephrin-B2 by Medical dictionary
Bifunctional action of ephrin-B1 as a repellent and attractant to control bidirectional branch extension in dorsal-ventral...
The context in which a branch extends is a critical determinant in the choice between attraction and repulsion. Our findings indicate that this differential response is a locally controlled phenomenon since interstitial branches extending from the same primary axon exhibit different responses depending on whether they extend within or outside of ectopic domains of ephrin-B1. Local changes in the intracellular environment of the axon and its branches may be a critical parameter in determining these differential responses to ephrin-B1, since in vitro studies have shown that changes in cyclic nucleotides can change the response of axonal growth cones from attraction to repulsion, or vice versa (Song and Poo, 1999). Furthermore, at least in some instances, these responses require local protein synthesis (Campbell and Holt, 2001). The substrate upon which an axon grows can also be an important factor in determining its response to a guidance cue (Hopker et al., 1999), which in principle may be ...
ephrin-B2 | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology. ephrin-B2 ligand page. Quantitative data and detailed annnotation of the targets of licensed and experimental drugs.
Hyside MAX-12.0 Self-Bailing Whitewater Raft - CKS Online
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Mutagenetix > Incidental...
FUNCTION: This gene encodes a member of the Eph receptor family of receptor tyrosine kinase transmembrane glycoproteins. These receptors consist of an N-terminal glycosylated ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane region and an intracellular kinase domain. The encoded receptor preferentially binds membrane-bound ephrin-B ligands and is involved in nervous system and vascular development. This gene is used as a marker of intestinal stem cells. Homozygous knockout mice for this gene exhibit impaired axon guidance and vestibular function. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2015 ...
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Dimeric Architecture of the Hendra Virus Attachment Glycoprotein: Evidence for a Conserved Mode of Assembly - The Jenner...
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Sparrho | Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing ephrin-b2 rapidly ado
Restoration of the vascular supply to ischemic tissues is of high clinical relevance, and proangiogenic therapies aim to reduce morbidity and mortality rates as
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Structural basis of Nipah and Hendra virus attachment to their cell-surface receptor ephrin-B2. - Immunology
Nipah and Hendra viruses are emergent paramyxoviruses, causing disease characterized by rapid onset and high mortality rates, resulting in their classification as Biosafety Level 4 pathogens. Their attachment glycoproteins are essential for the recognition of the cell-surface receptors ephrin-B2 (EFNB2) and ephrin-B3 (EFNB3). Here we report crystal structures of both Nipah and Hendra attachment glycoproteins in complex with human EFNB2. In contrast to previously solved paramyxovirus attachment complexes, which are mediated by sialic acid interactions, the Nipah and Hendra complexes are maintained by an extensive protein-protein interface, including a crucial phenylalanine side chain on EFNB2 that fits snugly into a hydrophobic pocket on the viral protein. By analogy with the development of antivirals against sialic acid binding viruses, these results provide a structural template to target antiviral inhibition of protein-protein interactions.
Idiosyncratic Mòjiāng virus attachment glycoprotein directs a host-cell entry pathway distinct from genetically related...
In 2012, cases of lethal pneumonia among Chinese miners prompted the isolation of a rat-borne henipavirus (HNV), Mòjiāng virus (MojV). Although MojV is genetically related to highly pathogenic bat-borne henipaviruses, the absence of a conserved ephrin receptor-binding motif in the MojV attachment glycoprotein (MojV-G) indicates a differing host-cell recognition mechanism. Here we find that MojV-G displays a six-bladed β-propeller fold bearing limited similarity to known paramyxoviral attachment glycoproteins, in particular at host receptor-binding surfaces. We confirm the inability of MojV-G to interact with known paramyxoviral receptors in vitro, indicating an independence from well-characterized ephrinB2/B3, sialic acid and CD150-mediated entry pathways. Furthermore, we find that MojV-G is antigenically distinct, indicating that MojV would less likely be detected in existing large-scale serological screening studies focused on well-established HNVs. Altogether, these data indicate a unique host
Plus it
The C. elegans JNK pathway is composed of MLK-1 MAPKKK, MEK-1 MAPKK, and KGB-1-JNK and regulates both the stress response to heavy metals and axon regeneration (Mizuno et al., 2004; Nix et al., 2011). MLK-1 is activated by phosphorylation of Ser-355 in the activation loop of its kinase domain. In the stress response to heavy metals, phosphorylation of MLK-1 on Ser-355 is catalyzed by the Ste20-related kinase MAX-2 (Fujiki et al., 2010), whereas in the axon regeneration pathway, MLK-1 Ser-355 phosphorylation is catalyzed by the PKC homolog TPA-1 (Pastuhov et al., 2012). Therefore, two different kinases, MAX-2 and TPA-1, can activate MLK-1 by phosphorylating the same Ser-355 site. Do these kinases function redundantly or independently? We have demonstrated previously that max-2-null mutants, unlike animals harboring mutations in kgb-1, mek-1, or mlk-1, remained partially resistant to heavy metal stress (Fujiki et al., 2010). Furthermore, the max-2 mutation caused a smaller decrease in KGB-1 ...
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EphrinB (phospho Tyr298) Antibody - Cat. No. 50-222 | ProSci
EphrinB (phospho Tyr298) Antibody (Cat. No. 50-222) can be used to detect Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog, Zebrafish, Bovine, Chicken, Xenopus EphrinB (phospho Tyr298) Antibody in WB.
Mutagenetix > Incidental...
FUNCTION: [Summary is not available for the mouse gene. This summary is for the human ortholog.] Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. The Eph family of receptors are divided into two groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin receptors make up the largest subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. This gene encodes a receptor for ephrin-B family members. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010 ...
TumorPortal
This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands ...
Ephrin-B2/Fc promotes proliferation and migration, and suppresses apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells |...
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.17298 Li-Chun Zheng, Xiao-Qing Wang, Kun Lu, Xiao-Ling Deng, Cheng-Wei Zhang, Hong Luo, Xu-Dong Xu, Xiao-Man Chen, Lu Yan, Yi-Qing Wang, Song-Lin Shi
pAV-EFNB3-shRNA, SH898800 | Vigene Biosciences
Four pre-designed shRNA constructs targeting ephrin-B3 (EFNB3) and one scrambled control. Each shRNA construct is driven by the U6 promoter and contains a GFP reporter.
Assay Solution. Human Total EphB4 ELISA Kit
Ephrin type-B receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPHB4 gene.Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and sequence relationships, ephrins are divided into the ephrin-A (EFNA) class, which are anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol linkage, and the ephrin-B (EFNB) class, which are transmembrane proteins. The Eph family of receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Ephrin receptors make up the largest subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. The protein encoded by this gene binds to ephrin-B2 and plays an essential role in vascular development ...
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American toad | amphibian | Britannica
Other articles where American toad is discussed: toad: True toads, of which the American toad (Bufo americanus) and the European toad (B. bufo) are representative, are stout-bodied with short legs that limit them to the characteristic walking or hopping gait. Their size ranges from about 2 to 25 cm (1 to 10 inches). The thick, dry, often warty…
EphrinB (phospho Y317) polyclonal antibody - (PAB9611) - Products - Abnova
Rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against synthetic phosphopeptide of EphrinB. Synthetic phosphopeptide corresponding to residues surrounding Y317 of chicken EphrinB. (PAB9611) - Products - Abnova
Henipavirus - Wikipedia
Henipavirus is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales containing five established species. Henipaviruses are naturally harboured by pteropid fruit bats (flying foxes) and microbats of several species. Henipaviruses are characterised by long genomes and a wide host range. Their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans is a cause of concern. In 2009, RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known henipaviruses were detected in African straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Ghana. The finding of these novel henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of henipaviruses may be worldwide. These African henipaviruses are slowly being characterised. Table legend: * denotes type species. Henipavirions are pleomorphic (variably shaped), ranging in size from 40 to 600 nm in diameter. They possess a lipid membrane overlying a ...
Pteropid Bats are Confirmed as the Reservoir Hosts of Henipaviruses: A Comprehensive Experimental Study of Virus Transmission |...
Abstract.
Bats of the genus Pteropus have been identified as the reservoir hosts for the henipaviruses Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV). The aim of these studies was to assess likely mechanisms for henipaviruses transmission from bats. In a series of experiments, Pteropus bats from Malaysia and Australia were inoculated with NiV and HeV, respectively, by natural routes of infection. Despite an intensive sampling strategy, no NiV was recovered from the Malaysian bats and HeV was reisolated from only one Australian bat; no disease was seen. These experiments suggest that opportunities for henipavirus transmission may be limited; therefore, the probability of a spillover event is low. For spillover to occur, a range of conditions and events must coincide. An alternate assessment framework is required if we are to fully understand how this reservoir host maintains and transmits not only these but all viruses with which it has been associated.
Viruses | Free Full-Text | Henipaviruses Employ a Multifaceted Approach to Evade the Antiviral Interferon Response
Hendra and Nipah virus, which constitute the genus Henipavirus, are zoonotic paramyxoviruses that have been associated with sporadic outbreaks of severe disease and mortality in humans since their emergence in the late 1990s. Similar to other paramyxoviruses, their ability to evade the host interferon (IFN) response is conferred by the P gene. The henipavirus P gene encodes four proteins; the P, V, W and C proteins, which have all been described to inhibit the antiviral response. Further studies have revealed that these proteins have overlapping but unique properties which enable the virus to block multiple signaling pathways in the IFN response. The best characterized of these is the JAK-STAT signaling pathway which is targeted by the P, V and W proteins via an interaction with the transcription factor STAT1. In addition the V and W proteins can both limit virus-induced induction of IFN but they appear to do this via distinct mechanisms that rely on unique sequences in their C-terminal domains. The
Potent antibody curbs Nipah and Hendra virus attack | Mirage News
Veesler Lab Henipavirus antibody researchers David Veesler and Ha Dang in front of a Titan Krios electron microscope at the Arnold and Mabel cryoEM...
Interleukin Receptors
Supplementary MaterialsDescription of Extra Supplementary Files 41467_2018_5924_MOESM1_ESM. we discovered that, in migrating CNC, the interaction between ephrinB2 and TBC1d24 regulates E-cadherin recycling in these cells via Rab35 negatively. Upon engagement from the cognate Eph receptor, ephrinB2 can be tyrosine phosphorylated, which disrupts the ephrinB2/Dsh/TBC1d24 complicated. The dissolution of the complex qualified prospects to raising E-cadherin… Continue reading Supplementary MaterialsDescription of Extra Supplementary Files 41467_2018_5924_MOESM1_ESM. we discovered that, in. ...
Kinase independent function of EphB receptors in retinal axon pathfinding to the optic disc from dorsal but not ventral retina ...
Optic nerve formation requires precise retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axon pathfinding within the retina to the optic disc, the molecular basis of which is not well understood. At CNS targets, interactions between Eph receptor tyrosine kinases on RGC axons and ephrin ligands on target cells have been implicated in formation of topographic maps. However, studies in chick and mouse have shown that both Eph receptors and ephrins are also expressed within the retina itself, raising the possibility that this receptor-ligand family mediates aspects of retinal development. Here, we more fully document the presence of specific EphB receptors and B-ephrins in embryonic mouse retina and provide evidence that EphB receptors are involved in RGC axon pathfinding to the optic disc. We find that as RGC axons begin this pathfinding process, EphB receptors are uniformly expressed along the dorsal-ventral retinal axis. This is in contrast to the previously reported high ventral-low dorsal gradient of EphB receptors ...
EPHA5 EPH receptor A5 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI
This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating developmental events, particularly in the nervous system. Receptors in the EPH subfamily typically have a single kinase domain and an extracellular region containing a Cys-rich domain and 2 fibronectin type III repeats. The ephrin receptors are divided into 2 groups based on the similarity of their extracellular domain sequences and their affinities for binding ephrin-A and ephrin-B ligands. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013 ...
Hendra virus facts - Healthcanal.com : Healthcanal.com
The batches have been developed in UQs Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN). US Hendra virus expert Professor Chris Broder developed the antibody, which binds to a protein on the surface of virus particles, blocking entry to healthy human cells. It is hoped that this will then allow the immune system to fight off the virus. Hendra virus can be passed from bats to horses and in rare cases from horses to humans. Dr Alister Rodgers became the first person to receive the antibody treatment in a desperate bid to save his life. He was working as a vet in Rockhampton when he came into contact with an infected horse and died in 2009. The antibody was also given in 2010 to two people from the Sunshine Coast exposed to the Hendra virus. Queensland Health sourced these antibody stocks from the US. It became clear a Queensland solution was needed to supply larger amounts of the antibody in case of future Hendra outbreaks. In late 2010, Queensland Health provided 300,000AUD to ...
Figure - Genome Sequence Conservation of Hendra Virus Isolates during Spillover to Horses, Australia - Volume 16, Number 11...
Bat-to-horse transmission of Hendra virus has occurred at least 14 times. Although clinical signs in horses have differed, genome sequencing has demonstrated little variation among the isolates. Our sequencing of 5 isolates from recent Hendra virus outbreaks in horses found no correlation between sequences and time or geographic location of outbreaks.
Scientists Identify Potential New Treatment for Deadly Nipah, Hendra Viruses
A potential new treatment for the Nipah and Hendra viruses, two lethal and emerging viruses for which there is currently no treatment or vaccine available has been identified by scientists.
Two horses dead in hendra virus outbreak - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
Queenslands Chief Health Officer Dr Jeannette Young says two properties where horses have died from hendra virus have been quarantined.
Hendra virus disease - health.vic
In Australia, when Hendra virus is suspected in a horse, an inspector from the livestock health and pest authority or department of primary industries must be notified.
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EphrinB3 and Eph Receptors Regulate Hippocampal Synaptic Function by Alma Ileana Rodenas-Ruano
EphrinB ligands and their Eph receptor tyrosine kinases are known to regulate excitatory synaptic functions in the hippocampus. In the CA3-CA1 synapse, ephrinB ligands are localized to the post-synaptic membrane, while their cognate Eph receptors can be expressed in both pre-and post-synaptic membranes. Previous studies show that interaction of ephrinB molecules with Eph receptors leads to changes in long-term potentiation (LTP), suggesting that reverse signaling through postsynaptic ephrinBs may be required for learning and memory. Our collaborative studies demonstrate that the cytoplasmic domain of ephrinB3, and hence reverse signaling, is not required for ephrinB-dependent learning and memory tasks or for LTP of these synapses. We demonstrate that ephrinB3 null mutants show changes in several synaptic proteins including reduced levels of NMDA receptor subunits. These abnormalities are not observed in ephrinB3lacZ reverse signaling mutants, supporting an Eph receptor forward signaling role for
Hendra Virus (HeV)in Horses
Equine morbillivirus pneumonia is an acute viral respiratory infection of horses caused by Hendra virus. Characteristic clinical signs include fever, anorexia, depression, increased respiratory and heart rates, respiratory distress, and death in a high percentage of affected animals. Facial edema, frothy nasal discharge, cyanotic/jaundiced mucous membranes and mild neurologic signs have been less frequently observed in field and/or experimental cases of the disease.. Etiology and Pathogenesis: Hendra virus is a large, pleomorphic enveloped RNA virus, and the prototype virus of the genus Henipavirus. Although initially considered to be more closely related to members of the genus Morbillivirus than to other genera in the family Paramyxoviridae, studies have shown only low-level sequence homology with respiroviruses, morbilliviruses, and rubuloviruses and negligible immunologic cross-reactivity with other paramyxoviruses, reacting very weakly by immunofluorescence and protein immunoblot analysis ...
Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Endocytosis in EndotheliumSignificance | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
One unique aspect of VEGFR2 endocytosis is its regulation by several transmembrane and cytosolic interacting proteins, which play a role in either VEGFR2 internalization or degradation. A group of such proteins involved in VEGFR2 internalization is Dab2, ephrin-B2, and PAR-3. Dab2,46 a clathrin-associated sorting protein, and the cell polarity regulator PAR-3 interact with the transmembrane protein ephrin-B2 and VEGFR2. Disruption of this interaction by silencing of Dab2 or PAR-3 causes reduced VEGFR2 internalization and impaired VEGF-induced angiogenesis. After RTKs are internalized into early endosomes, a proportion of the receptors is modified by ubiquitin and then sorted for lysosomal degradation. CCM347 and myoferlin,48 respectively, associate with VEGFR2 in ECs and serve to enhance VEGFR2 stability by preventing receptor degradation.. Apart from internalization and degradation, VEGFR2 signaling is regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), such as VE-PTP and PTP1b. VE-PTP is a ...
Henipaviruses - unanswered questions of lethal zoonoses. - DAF eResearch Archive (eRABBB)
The highly lethal Hendra and Nipah viruses have been described for little more than a decade, yet within that time have been aetiologically associated with major livestock and human health impacts, albeit on a limited scale. Do these emerging pathogens pose a broader threat, or are they inconsequential viral chatter. Given their lethality, and the evident multi-generational human-to-human transmission associated with Nipah virus in Bangladesh, it seems prudent to apply the precautionary principle. While much is known of their clinical, pathogenic and epidemiologic features in livestock species and humans, a number of fundamental questions regarding the relationship between the viruses, their natural fruit-bat host and the environment remain unanswered. In this paper, we pose and probe these questions in context, and offer perspectives based primarily on our experience with Hendra virus in Australia, augmented with Nipah virus parallels.. ...
Addgene: EPHB2 HUMAN D0
Plasmid EPHB2_HUMAN_D0 from Dr. John Choderas lab contains the insert EPHB2 and is published in Biochemistry. 2018 Jul 13. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01081. This plasmid is available through Addgene.
Addgene: EPHB3 HUMAN D0
Plasmid EPHB3_HUMAN_D0 from Dr. John Choderas lab contains the insert EPHB3 and is published in Biochemistry. 2018 Jul 13. doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01081. This plasmid is available through Addgene.