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BISAC: TEC003030. The primary purpose of this book is to provide general information, health impact, toxicological information and regulatory status of endosulfan. Additionally, the residual level of endosulfan in multi-environmental matrices from South Asian countries is considered with an eco-toxicological and human health risk context. This book is intended for public health officials, physicians, toxicologists, and other interested individuals and groups with an overall perspective on the toxicology of endosulfan. The content of the book is divided into 8 chapters, each of which discusses various aspects of endosulfan together with residual data of endosulfan from South Asian countries.. The basic information about endosulfan is discussed in Chapter 1. Chapter 2 and 3 describe the residual contamination, eco-toxicological impacts and regulatory policy of endosulfan in India environment. Chapter 4 relates to the evaluation of endosulfan in human samples. Chapters 5 and 6 focus on the residual ...

Bajaj, A and Pathak, Anuj and Mudiam, M R and Mayilraj, Shanmugam and Manickam, Natesan (2010) Isolation and characterization of a Pseudomonas sp. strain IITR01 capable of degrading α-endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate. Journal of applied microbiology, 109 (6). pp. 2135-43. ISSN 1365-2672 ...

Request for Sample Report: www.9dresearchgroup.com/report/161075/request-sample. The report begins with a market overview and moves on to cover the growth prospects of the Endosulfan Lactone market. The current environment of the global Endosulfan Lactone industry and the key trends shaping the market are presented in the report. Insightful predictions for the Endosulfan Lactone market for the coming few years have also been included in the report. These predictions feature important inputs from leading industry experts and take into account every statistical detail regarding the Endosulfan Lactone market.. Combining the data integration and analysis capabilities with the relevant findings, the report has predicted strong future growth of the Endosulfan Lactone market in all its geographical and product segments. In addition to this, several significant variables that will shape the Endosulfan Lactone industry and regression models to determine the future direction of the market have been ...

Endosulfan enters air, water, and soil when it is manufactured or used as a pesticide. Endosulfan is often applied to crops using sprayers. Some endosulfan in the air may travel long distances before it lands on crops, soil, or water. Endosulfan on crops usually breaks down within a few weeks. Endosulfan released to soil attaches to soil particles. Endosulfan found near hazardous waste sites is usually found in soil. Some endosulfan in soil evaporates into air, and some endosulfan in soil breaks down. However, it may stay in soil for several years before it all breaks down. Rain water can wash endosulfan that is attached to soil particles into surface water. Endosulfan does not dissolve easily in water. Most endosulfan in surface water is attached to soil particles floating in the water or attached to soil at the bottom. The small amounts of endosulfan that dissolve in water break down over time. Depending on the conditions in the water, endosulfan may break down within 1 day or it may take ...

Beyond Pesticides, July 25, 2008) San Francisco, California - On July 24, 2008, a broad coalition of farmworker, public health, and environmental groups filed a lawsuit against the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to stop the continued use of a hazardous pesticide called endosulfan. The coalition is demanding action from EPA to protect children, farmworkers, and endangered species. Endosulfan is an organochlorine, part of the same family of chemicals as DDT, which EPA banned in 1972. Like other organochlorine pesticides, endosulfan is persistent in the environment and poisons humans and wildlife both in agricultural areas and in regions far from where it was applied.. This dangerous and antiquated pesticide should have been off the market years ago, said Karl Tupper, a staff scientist with Pesticide Action Network. The fact that EPA is still allowing the use of a chemical this harmful shows just how broken our regulatory system is.. Acute poisoning from endosulfan can cause headaches, ...

Endosulfan is a synthetic cyclodiene non-systemic insecticide and acaricide with both contact and stomach activity. Microorganisms play a key role in removal of xenobiotics like endosulfan from the contaminanted sites because of their dynamic, complex, and complicated enzymatic systems which degrade these chemical. In this study, endosulfan was degraded by indigenous bacteria strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The biodegradation process was carried out according to the method established by Buff et al., 1992. The results obtained showed that the bacterial strains efficiently degraded endosulfan by consuming more than 90 % of 40 mg/l of the minimal media within 7 days of incubation. Maximum biodegration by these two selected bacterial stains was observed at an initial pH of 8.0 at an incubation temperature of 30 °C. The findings from present study suggest that these bacterial strains could be potentially promising as a low cost effective technology in the biodegradation ...

Beyond Pesticides, December 8, 2009) Following a recent recommendation by the international Persistent Organic Pollutants Review Committee to take global action to address health and environmental impacts, a broad coalition of 42 environmental, health, labor, and farming groups sent a letter to EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson urging EPA to finally take action to ban the antiquated insecticide.. Acute poisoning from endosulfan can cause headaches, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, and in extreme cases, unconsciousness and even death. Studies have linked endosulfan to smaller testicles, lower sperm production, an increase in the risk of miscarriages and autism. Endosulfan is a potent environmental pollutant and is especially toxic to fish and other aquatic life. It also affects birds, bees, earthworms, and other beneficial insects. Endosulfan travels such long distances that it has been found in Sierra Nevada lakes and on Mt. Everest. This persistent pesticide can also migrate to the Poles on wind ...

The chlorinated cyclic sulfite diester Endosulfan is a cyclodien insecticide possessing a relatively board spectrum of activity. Technical-grade is a mixture of two stereo isomers, α and β-Endosulfan, in a ratio of 7:3. It is used extensively throughout the world as a contact and stomach insecticide and an acaricide on field crops, vegetables, and fruit crops. Because of its abundant usage and potential transport, Endosulfan contamination is frequently found in the environment at considerable distances from the point of its original applications (Mansingh and Wilson, 1995; Miles and Pfeuffer, 1997). Endosulfan has been detected in the atmosphere, soils, sediments, surface and rain water, and food stuffs. Its is extremely toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates (Sunderam et al., 1992) and has been implicated in mammalian gonadal toxicity (Sinha et al., 1997), genotoxicity (Chaudhuri etal., 1999), and neurotoxicity (Pual and Balasubramaniam, 1997). These health and environmental concerns have ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of endosulfan during fetal gonadal differentiation on spermatogenesis in rats. AU - Sinha, Neelima. AU - Adhikari, Neeta. AU - K. Saxena, Daya. N1 - Funding Information: The authors are grateful to the Director, Dr P.K. Seth, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India, for his interest in this study. Authors N. Sinha and N. Adhikari are thankful to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India for providing financial assistance. We thank M/S Bharat Pulverising Mills Pvt Ltd. Mumbai for the gift of a sample of technical grade endosulfan. Copyright: Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Pregnant rats were exposed to endosulfan (1 or 2 mg/kg per day) from day 12 of gestation through parturition. Male neonates were fostered to untreated dams. At 100 days of age, the male offspring were sacrificed. Exposure to endosulfan during fetal gonadal differentiation altered the process of spermatogenesis by affecting ...

Endosulfan-induced systemic toxicity arises from oxidative stress and glutathione depletion. This study aims to investigate the possible protective effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) against endosulfan-induced toxicity in the liver and kidney tissue of rats. Wistar albino rats were separated into 4 groups and administered saline, NAC, endosulfan and endosulfan + NAC for 5 days. After euthanizing the animals, trunk blood was collected, followed by the removal of the kidney and liver for histological observation, the determination of glutathione, malondialdehyde levels, collagen content and myeloperoxidase activity. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were measured in serum samples, while 8-OHdG, IL-1b, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were analyzed in plasma. Endosulfan provoked a significant decrease in tissue glutathione, along with a significant increase in malondialdehyde and collagen status, as well as ...

Earlier, at the fourth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP-4) of the UNs Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure (PIC) for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade from 27-31 October in Rome, Indian government succeeded in blocking the addition of this neurotixic pesticide to the Rotterdam Convention. The Prior Informed Consent (PIC) treaty is meant promote information exchange about hazardous chemicals and to help less developed countries enforce domestic bans and restrictions on listed chemicals. Endosulfan had been recommended for inclusion in the treaty by its own scientific Chemical Review Committee, and almost all of the 126 countries that are Parties to the treaty supported its inclusion. India was alone in blocking endosulfan. Indian governments delegation guided by the representatives of the Indian Chemical Council and government-owned Hindustan Inseceticides Limited, which makes endosulfan and is also the largest remaining ...

This paper describes very rare chemical poisoning and characteristics of patients with acute endosulfan mass poisoning in a rural area of Turkey and our experiences of these patients. We included 41 patients who were treated in our hospital with the diagnosis of endosulfan poisoning. After the first vital intervention they were examined in terms of age, sex, symptoms and physical examination findings, laboratory results, treatment and outcome. Forty-one patients were admitted to the emergency department (ED) after triage. Nineteen (46.3%) of the patients were female, 22 (53.7%) were male. The mean age was 279 +/- 16.0 years (1-67 years). The mean time to the ED was 4.1 +/- 0.9 h (3-6.5 h). The most common symptoms were anxiety (976%), nausea (56.1%) and vomiting (48.8%). Tests of the blood samples obtained at the ED revealed leucocytosis (11070.6 +/- 4302.5/mu l), increased blood glucose, LDH, CK and CK-MB levels. Toxicological analysis of blood and urine samples revealed endosulfan as the ...

9.4.13 Allergic reactions No data available 9.4.14 Other clinical effects 9.4.15 Special risks Pregnancy A 21-year-old woman 5-month pregnant ingested an unknown amount of endosulfan to provoke abortion. Neither fetal movement or heart tones were audible as early as four hours after the clinical symptoms occurred. Such low concentrations of endosulfan in the blood of the mother as 0.47 microgram/g of the poison caused relatively quick fetus death (Sancewicz -Pach et al, 1997) Breast feeding 9.5 Other No data available 9.6 Summary 10. MANAGEMENT 10.1 General principles The condition of the patient in a particular case is decisive whether the first attention should be given to removal of the poison or to sedation of the patient. Treatment is symptomatic, aimed at controlling convulsions, coma, and respiratory depression. Cardiovascular function needs to be observed. If endosulfan has been ingested less than one hour ago, gastric lavage may be indicated preceded by endotracheal intubation, followed ...

Global Endosulfan Lactone Market Research Report 2017 Global Endosulfan Lactone Market Research Report 2017 Endosulfan Lactone Market Report by Material, Application, and Geography - Global Forecast - Market research report and industry analysis - 11344736

Because of its long half-life, endosulfan can persist for a long time in the environment, especially in soil. However, little is known about its effect on

The presence of eight acid-extractable phenols and sixteen organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in Laguna Lake water was determined. The acid-extractable phenols which were analyzed included: phenol, 2-chlorophenol, 2-nitrophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 4-nitrophenol, and pentachlorophenol. The OCPs were as follows: α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC (lindane), δ-BHC, heptachlor, aldrin, heptachlor epoxide, endosulfan I, 4,4-DDE, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan II, 4,4-DDD, endrin aldehyde, endosulfan sulfate, and 4,4-DDT.Water samples trom five different sites in Laguna Lake were collected in October and November 1996, and February and May 1997. The phenols and OCPs were extracted separately by liquid-liquid extraction. Identification and quantification were done by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). None of the sixteen OCPs was detected in any of the water samples. On the other hand, phenol and 4-nitrophenol were detected in some samples collected in

The suffering caused by years of endosulfan use on cashew plantations in Keralas Kasaragod district is well known: birth defects, high rates of mental retardation, and delayed puberty, in addition to the hundreds of deaths directly attributed to the antiquated insecticide. Now, the Indian press is reporting another cluster of endosulfan-induced disease a couple hundred miles away in Muthalamada district, also part of the state of Kerala.

On April 1, 2011, after the conclusion of the seventh meeting of the Chemical Review Committee (CRC 7) held in Rome, Italy during 28 March - 1 April 2011, the UN chemical experts recommended that two pesticides - endosulfan and azinphos methyl - and one severely hazardous pesticide formulation - Gramoxone Super - be included in the Rotterdam Conventions Prior Informed Consent procedure. Three industrial chemicals - perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), its salts and precursors; pentaBDE commercial mixtures; and octaBDE commercial mixtures - were also recommended for inclusion. ToxicsWatch Alliance (TWA) supports CRCs recommendations and urges Government of India to pay heed to the recommendations of CRC in the interest of the public health of Indian citizens of present and future generations ...

Abstract: Genotoxic Effect of Endosulfan at Sublethal Concentrations in Mori (Cirrhinus mrigala) Fish Using Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis (Comet) Assay

Resumen: The insecticide endosulfan belongs to the organochloride group of pesticides, and is considered a priority pollutant. Four different strains of the white-rot fungi, Auricularia fuscosuccinea, were assayed for the transformation of endosulfan in a liquid medium, and the presence of ligninolytic enzymes during biodegradation was determined. The four strains are capable of metabolizing the insecticide in eight days, in a liquid culture at a temperature of 26 ºC. Only two strains produced ligninolytic enzymes: laccase and phenol oxidase. The cell-free culture extract transformed 90 % of the insecticide within eight days ...

Field investigations were carried out to generate base line data on bioefficacy of recommended insecticides for the control of tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora in combination with acaricides to combat the problem of mixed infestation of red spider mite and tea mosqqito bug in tea. The mixture of cypermethrin with propagite ana fenpyroximatea combinations of deltamethrin, alphamethrin, β-cyfluthrin, λ-cyhalothrin with fenazaquin; sulfur combinations with deltamethrin, β-cyfluthrin, thiomethoxam and deltamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin, β-cyfluthrin and endosulfan with propargite were not compatible chemically, which led to ineffectiveness in controlling the tea aosquito bug infestatian. Cypermethrih with urea, MOP and ZnSO4; fenazaquin with cypermethrin, endosulfan, thiomethoxam and imidacloprid; sulfur with endosulfan, alphamethrin, λ-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid; and propargite with λ-cyhalothrin and alphamethrin were compatible with reference to no reduction in bioefficacy of insecticides while

There are many reasons to love honeybees but, if youre an ice-cream-maker, it comes down to a matter of taste. During Congressional hearings in June, California-based Haagen-Dazs warned politicians that, without abundant, thriving pollinators, we wouldnt have strawberry sundaes, raspberry sorbets or scoops of vanilla Swiss almond ice cream. More than 40 percent of the companys flavors come from crops that must be pollinated by bees. Since 2006, populations of honeybees have been in decline. Last year, 36 percent of US bees failed to survive. Among the suspects for the decline of pollinators are loss of habitat, pesticides that disrupt insect neurology, viruses, parasites, and large farm monocultures. Some 46 pesticides were found among 108 pollen samples; 17 were present in a single sample. Crop monocultures offer a single-source diet during bloom followed by starvation. Penn State bee expert Maryann Frazier had this question for members of the House Subcommittee on Horticulture and Organic ...

The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described here. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substances toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. The complete list of topics covered (chapter titles) is shown at the left and in more detail further down this page.

Friday 29th April is Harthal in Kerala. It can be called a state sponsored Harthal, because the ruling Coalition the Left front has called for this Harthal. I

Stockholm Convention POPs Review Committee assesses hazards of two industrial chemicals nominated for elimination and agrees to prepare guidance on alternatives to pesticide endosulfan

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Y S Mohana Kumar is a doctor practising in a nondescript village called Padre in Kerala. Unknown, till he noticed that people in his village were more diseased and deformed than most and started asking questions. One thing led to another and researchers -- from different institutions -- confirmed and reconfirmed the presence of residues of endosulfan, a pesticide, in blood, soil and water samples from the village. In 2003, Mohana Kumar received a legal notice from the lawyers of the Pesticide Association of India threatening legal action if he did not apologise and withdraw his statements immediately. His crime? Writing a letter in this magazine on these findings against the government-appointed O P Dubey committee, which had absolved the pesticide of the deadly ailments of people in Padre ...

A passive sampling network would provide important information about the disrubution, long term trends, and wildife exposure to POPs. The authors believe that there are major benifits in starting global aquatic passive sampling (AQUA-GAPS) and propose the phased development of an AQUA-GAPS network of stations. The program could be started by initating monitioring with PE samples at accessible and relatively well studied key locations e.g. the Great lakes, U.S. east coast, baltic, North Seas, Mediterranean or South China Seas... The list of POPs thi be analyzed would be those redily detected by low resolutionGC-MS and for which analytical standards are readily avaailable (e.g. legacy chlorated pesticides, lindane, endosulfan, selected PCB congeners, chlorobenzene, tetra- and pentatBDEs).. ...

Name: Project Sanjeevini. Objectives. It aims to provide Ayurvedic Health Care, manage disaster uncertainties and rehabilitate endosulfan victims in the eleven severely affected Gram Panchayats (GPs) of Kasargod district.. Target Patients and Areas. Eleven Gram Panchayats covering twelve villages (group and sub-villages) have been severely affected. These villages are Enmakaje, Belur, Kumbadaje, Badiadka, Muliyar, Karadukka, Periya, Pullur, Ajanur, Kallar, Panathady, Kayyur, Cheemeni.. Patients in all age-groups in all the 11 affected Gram Panchayats (GP) will be covered. The medical camps will initially target school children with learning & other disabilities. Later, it will target general public. On the basis of toxicology and clinical assessments, patients will be categorized as Endosulfan-affected cases and General cases. However, all patients attending the camp will be provided treatment, irrespective of the results of toxicology studies.. Work done till date. ...

Australian scientists have found that fish exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of endosulfan and chlorpyrifos showed significant reductions in the ability to survive in warmer waters. These pesticides, especially chlorpyrifos, are commonly used in cotton, horticulture and sugar cane production. The study published in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry predicts that global warming may make fish more susceptible to dying from pesticide-contaminated water. The affected fish displayed erratic swimming..., uncoordinated movement with body quivering, rolling over on sides or back and loss of the ability to swim upright. Source: PANNA ...

ILT CODE: ILT-U-1897. Description: Sulfonamides (Sulfachloropyridazine, Sulfadiazine, Sulfadimethoxine, Sulfadoxine, Sulfamerazine, Sulfametazine, Sulfamethoxypyridazine, Sulfaquinolaxin, and Sulfathiazole); Chloramphenicol; Tetracyclines (Chlortetracycline, Doxycycline, Oxytetracycline, and Tetracycline); Oxolinic; Enrofloxacin; Ciprofloxacin; Flumechin; Sarafloxacin; Organochlorine Pesticides (Aldrin, Chlordane, HCH (ALFA / BETA / RANGE / DELTA), Dieldrin, Endosulfan I and II, Endosulfan sulfate, Endrin, Gamma Clordane, HCB, Heptachlor, Heptachloropoxide, Methoxychlor, ppDDD, ppDDE, ppDDT, Mirex); and PHA polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (Naphtalene - Acenaphtene - Fluorene - Phenantrene - Anthracene - Fluoranthene - Pyrene - Benzo (a) anthracene - Chrysene - Benzo (e) pyrene - Benzo (b) fluoranthene - Benzo (k) fluoranthene - Benzo (a) pyrene - Dibenzo (a, h) anthracene - Benzo (gi) perylene - Ideno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene). Method: ...

In order to elucidate the importance of food-borne chemical contamination in fish, cytological and ultrastructural alterations in hepatocytes and enterocytes of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. exposed for 5 wk to 0.5 microgram endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10,1

CORROSIVITY: Corrosive to iron DENSITY: 1.735 @ 20 DEG C PH: pH 7.2 in tap water. SOL: PRACTICALLY INSOL IN WATER; SOL IN MOST ORGANIC SOLVENTS ; SOL IN XYLENE, KEROSENE, CHLOROFORM, ACETONE, & ALCOHOL ; 200 g/l in ethyl acetate @ 20 deg C ; 200 g/l in dichloromethane @ 20 deg C ; 200 g/l in toluene @ 20 deg C ; 65 g/l in ethanol @ 20 deg C ; 24 g/l in hexane @ 20 deg C MP: 70-100 DEG C; STABLE TOWARD DIL MINERAL ACIDS; HYDROLYZED RAPIDLY BY ALKALIES; COMMERCIAL PRODUCT IS A MIXTURE OF ALPHA-ISOMER, MP: 108-110 DEG C, & BETA-ISOMER, MP: 208-210 DEG C /TECHNICAL/ DECOMP IN PRESENCE OF ACIDS & ALKALIES TO FORM SULFUR DIOXIDE; CORROSIVE TO IRON; ODOR OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOPENTADIENE & MAY HAVE SLIGHT SULFUR DIOXIDE ODOR, TAN, SEMI-WAXY SOLID /TECHNICAL/ HYDROLYZES SLOWLY ON CONTACT WITH WATER COLORLESS CRYSTALS /ALPHA-ISOMER/ Octanol/water partition coefficient: log Kow= 3.55 /alpha-Endosulfan/; log Kow= 3.62 /beta-Endosulfan/ Solubility at 22 deg C and a pH 7.2 in tap water; alpha-Endosulfan: 0.15 ...

Our research to date has assessed the ecotoxicological effects of endosulfan (Year 1), chlorpyrifos (Year 1 and 2), chrysene (Year 1), pyrene (Year 1), fipronil (Year 2 and 3), atrazine (Year 3), and tebufenozide (Year 3) from a molecular to population-level perspective using one or more of our three crustacean models: Palaemonetes pugio (grass shrimp), Leptocheirus plumulosus (amphipod), and Amphiascus tenuiremis (infaunal copepod). Thus far, three classes of compounds have been evaluated for their reproductive toxicity and EDC potential including: (1) organophosphate insecticides (chlorpyrifos); (2) organochlorine insecticides (endosulfan and fipronil); (3) herbicides (atrazine); (4) ecdysteroid-mimicking bisacylhydrazines (tebufenozide); and (5) steroidally structured PAHs with (6-hydroxychrysene) and without (chrysene) UV photo-activation. Specific progress to date in Year 3 of this project was built upon Years 1 and 2, and is as follows:. Ecotoxicology Progress for Year 3. ELISA and ...

DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03575. The Global Monitoring Plan of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) was established to generate long-term data necessary for evaluating the effectiveness of regulatory measures at a global scale. After a decade of passive air monitoring (2008-2019), MONET is the first network to produce sufficient data for the analysis of long-term temporal trends of POPs in the African atmosphere. This study reports concentrations of 20 POPs (aldrin, chlordane, chlordecone, DDT, dieldrin, endrin, endosulfan, HBCDD, HCB, HCHs, heptachlor, hexabromobiphenyl, mirex, PBDEs, PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs, PeCB, PFOA, and PFOS) monitored in 9 countries (Congo, Ghana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria, and Sudan). As of January 1, 2019, concentrations were in the following ranges (pg/m3): 0.5-37.7 (∑6PCB), 0.006-0.724 (∑17PCDD/F), 0.05-5.5 (∑9PBDE), 0.6-11.3 (BDE 209), 0.1-1.8 (∑3HBCDD), 1.8-138 (∑6DDT), 0.1-24.3 (∑3endosulfan), 0.6-14.6 ...

Chrysotile is the most prevalent form of asbestos in use in the modern world, and it joins two pesticides - endosulfan and tributyl tin compounds - that will be examined to determine if their toxicities warrant them all places on the United Nations (UN) watch list of hazardous materials. Once known as the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, the hazardous substances watch list requires exporting nations to have the prior approval of the recipient country before sending any of the 39 materials currently on the list.. The goal is to assist those who might prefer to pay a lower price for these materials to become aware of the real cost in human lives and to the environment of these substances. Being included on the watch list does not require a ban of the material or any restrictions in its trade aside from prior consent for international shipping. Those toxins on the list are being highlighted by the United Nations as having ...

This study reports the presence of large mucous cells lining the large renal collecting ducts and opisthonephric ducts of the Australian freshwater catfishes Tandanus tandanus and Tandanus tropicanus. Histologic examination of the renal tissue from four other species of Australian freshwater catfishes suggests that this feature is unique to the two species of Tandanus studied. The potential functions of renal mucous secretion in T. tandanus and T. tropicanus are discussed.. ...

The purpose of this project is to investigate the effects of environmental xenoestrogens in teleosts and to examine the potential of estrogenic activity to affect populations by means of reproductive and developmental toxicity. The project is designed to test the hypothesis that mammalian xenoestrogens are also estrogenic in fish by virtue of direct interaction with the teleostean estrogen receptor. To accomplish this, channel catfish (Ictalarus punctatus) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) will be exposed to known or suspected mammalian xenoestrogens including o,p-DDT, methoxychlor, hexachlorocyclohexane, endosulfan, p-nonylphenol, mestranol and ethynyl estradiol. Biological indicators of estrogenicity will be assessed in vivo by examining the appearance of vitellogenin in serum. In addition, the binding of suspected xenoestrogens to the estrogen receptor will be determined using in vitro binding competition studies. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments will allow comparison of estrogenic ...

Cytoplasmic inclusions referred to as Lewy bodies, a hallmark of Parkinsons disease (PD) pathology, may drive back cytotoxic proteins. California with substantial industrial agriculture. We identified ambient pesticide publicity by our buy 157810-81-6 validated GIS-based model making use of residential and office address histories. We limited impact measure modification evaluation to Caucasians (287 instances, 453 settings). 11 of 28 pesticides we screened inhibited 26S UPS activity at 10M. Benomyl, cyanazine, dieldrin, endosulfan, metam, propargite, triflumizole, and ziram had been associated with improved PD risk. We approximated an buy 157810-81-6 odds percentage of 2.14 (95%CI: 1.42,3.22) for topics with ambient contact with any UPS-inhibiting pesticide in both residential and office addresses; this association was revised by genetic variant in the gene ((and ((((and rs11131714 and rs2262366 in (rs2284312), (rs9365292), (rs354872), (rs11593650), and (rs4529579). We chosen these five SNPs for ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Burrowing mayfly Ephemera orientalis (Ephemeroptera. T2 - Ephemeridae) as a new test species for pesticide toxicity. AU - Mo, Hyoung ho. AU - Kim, Yongeun. AU - Lee, Yun Sik. AU - Bae, Yeon Jae. AU - Khim, Jong Seong. AU - Cho, Ki Jong. PY - 2016/6/17. Y1 - 2016/6/17. N2 - The potential of mayfly Ephemera orientalis McLachlan eggs and first-instar larvae in ecotoxicological testing was investigated. Both stages of E. orientalis showed high tolerance to various environmental variables, such as water temperature, pH, water hardness, and dissolved organic carbon. Toxicological assays were conducted with three insecticides (emamectin benzoate, endosulfan, and cypermethrin), one fungicide (mancozeb), and one herbicide (paraquat dichloride). The two toxicity endpoints for the assay were the 14-day egg median hatching rate (EHC50) in static and renewal exposure systems and 24-h median larval mortality (LC50). Cypermethrin was the most toxic to both eggs (EHC50 in static system = 36.9 ...

Pesticides indicating No risk. The PRIMET model calculated low ETR values (, 1) for cyromazine (ETR = 0.00014; PEC = 0.12 µg/ℓ); bentazone (ETR = 0.00049; PEC = 1.1 µg/ℓ); alachlor (ETR = 0.061; PEC = 3.5 µg/ℓ); endosulfan (ETR = 0.067; PEC = 0.0026 µg/ℓ); captan (ETR = 0.2; PEC = 0.25 µg/ℓ); pendimethalin (ETR = 0.3; PEC = 0.84 µg/ℓ); abamectin (ETR = 0.45; PEC = 0.0068 µg/ℓ) and fenamiphos (ETR = 0.46; PEC = 3.1 µg/ℓ) indicating no predicted risks of these compounds to the aquatic ecosystem (Table 4).. Cyromazine was found to have been frequently used in relatively small quantities (136.64 g a.i./ha). It was applied at an interval of 7 d on average 6 times in a season in the study area, where it was mainly used on spinach. Numerous laboratory and field studies conducted demonstrate that cyromazine was efficiently degraded by biological mechanisms and had a low toxicity to aquatic organisms (Tomlin, 2000). Normal application of bentazone was considered unlikely to be ...

LONDON - Market Publishers Ltd informs that new in-demand reports on chemicals & petrochemicals markets in China prepared by CCM Chemicals have been added to its catalogue.. Survey of Insecticides in China. The report delves into in-depth analysis of the Chinese insecticide industry, and deeply analyzes 12 key insecticides - DDVP, acephate, trichlorfon, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, imidacloprid, beta-cypermethrin, phoxim, abamectin, malathion, acetamiprid and endosulfan - from the perspectives of registration, production, technology, price and consumption …. Market Analysis of Pyrethroids Industry in China. Pyrethroids they have been playing an enormous role in the pest control on various crops in China, ranking the third place both by domestic consumption volume and market value among all categories of insecticides in 2010. The study traces the latest market information on Chinas pyrethroids industry and carries out in-depth analysis of supply and demand, future development trends, top ...

Several large plot field studies were conducted in the spring of 2006 and 2007 to evaluate and compare the efficacy of several insecticides (used alone and in combinations) for knockdown and residual control of adult whiteflies in cantaloupes. Treatments were initiated when adult whitefly populations exceeded action threshold of 2 adults/ leaf. Evaluations of adult and immature control were made a various intervals following each application. The results of this study demonstrate that the synergized pyrethroid still provides the most significant knockdown activity on whitefly adults among registered alternatives in melons. In most cases, the addition of endosulfan (Thionex) with bifenthrinin provided 7-14 days of adult suppression below the action threshold. Residual control of adults was less effective following a second sequential application. Other alternative tank-mix partners with Capture were less effective, but might be useful to use in rotation with the Capture+Thionex treatments to ...

The New York State Bureau of Marine Fisheries calls pesticide spraying the cause of the fish kill.. Scuba divers off Sea Bright, New Jersey, in the spring of 1969, report a graveyard of crustaceans and fish at depths of less than 100 feet. Cunner, black sea bass, ocean pout, rock crabs, tautog, lobsters, mussels are among those found dead. Great migrations of fish and crustaceans away from the region are reported by other divers. A low level of dissolved oxygen in the water is estimated to be the cause of death.. The Rhine River in West Germany and Holland in June of 1969 is the site of a fish kill of perhaps 40 million fish. Endosulfan, a chlorinated cyclic hydrocarbon marketed by the Hoechst chemical firm as Thiodan, is the cause of the kill.. May 5, 1970: 349,000 plus fish die in Missouris Crooked Creek after a large quantity of toxic material is dumped into the water. Clordane and Malathion in Xylene is blamed for the kill. Ninety percent of the dead fish are orange throat divers and ...

Childrens body mass is so much lower than adults', toxicity testing fails to adequately take into account the negative effects of pesticides on children.

TY - JOUR. T1 - The effect of pesticides on the function of the nervous system. AU - Dési, I.. PY - 1981. Y1 - 1981. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0019523384&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0019523384&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. AN - SCOPUS:0019523384. VL - 12. JO - Vascular Pharmacology. JF - Vascular Pharmacology. SN - 1537-1891. IS - 2. ER - ...

The lipotropes (choline, methionine, vitamin B12, and folic acid) have an interesting history with respect to their role in cancer causation, a part of which will be briefly reviewed here (Broad,...

Brīnumu laiks ir sācies ar Klusuma skoliņas un Smilšu istabas attīstošajām nodarbībām bērniem no sociālajām riska grupām! ...

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