TY - JOUR. T1 - Suppression of NO production and 8-nitroguanosine formation by phenol-containing endocrine-disrupting chemicals in LPS-stimulated macrophages. T2 - Involvement of estrogen receptor-dependent or -independent pathways. AU - Yoshitake, Jun. AU - Kato, Katsuaki. AU - Yoshioka, Daisuke. AU - Sueishi, Yoshimi. AU - Sawa, Tomohiro. AU - Akaike, Takaaki. AU - Yoshimura, Tetsuhiko. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid to T.Y. for Scientific Research (17550146) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2008/5. Y1 - 2008/5. N2 - Since the endocrine and immune systems share portions of some intracellular signaling pathways, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are considered potential agents for influencing inflammatory responses. Here, we investigated the effect of EDCs on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production and NF-κB activation in the RAW264.7 mouse macrophage ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Risk of hypospadias in relation to maternal occupational exposure to potential endocrine disrupting chemicals. AU - Vrijheid, M. AU - Armstrong, B. AU - Dolk, Helen. AU - van Tongeren, M. AU - Botting, B. PY - 2003. Y1 - 2003. U2 - 10.1136/oem.60.8.543. DO - 10.1136/oem.60.8.543. M3 - Article. VL - 60. SP - 543. EP - 550. JO - Occupational and Environmental Medicine. JF - Occupational and Environmental Medicine. SN - 1351-0711. IS - 8. ER - ...

Single Center, Therapeutic Exploratory Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Safety of Sodium Oxybate (Xyrem) 500 mg/mL Oral Solution on Potential Endocrine Changes at Currently Labeled Therapeutic Dose Regimens (4.5 - 9 g/Day Divided Into Two Equal Doses) During 12 Weeks of Treatment of Cataplexy in Adult Patients With Narcolepsy ...

At 4:47 pm we are told the observed endocrine disruptor activity from CHDM reactions should be asrcibed to generic and unspecified reaction products of any substance that can be hazardous.. At 9:58 pm we are told from the same source that observed endocrine disruptor activity is due to a very specific esterification process with a specific reagent.. At 3:03 AM I specifically addressed the prospect that observed endocrine disruptor activity from HPAA among the reaction products must specifically excluded. Oddly enough, that mechanism didnt seem to merit at 4:47 PM, but assumed central importance five hours later. This continually moving causal explanation is highly consistent with the goal of denying possible toxicity - and intellectually incoherent.. The data set has not changed in those five hours: the rationale for dismissal of potential endocrine disruptor activity has jumped around a fair bit. Qui bono?. The cited report clearly indicates that HPAA was independently assayed for ED ...

Nuclear Pregnane X Receptor (PXR) is involved in the regulation of drug-metabolism enzymes and therefore plays an essential role in the detoxification pathways. Recent studies have shown that PXR can be activated by exogenous environmental xenobiotics such as pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, brominated flame retardants, phyto and myco-estrogens and many more. We measured PXR activity in samples from wastewater treatment and surface water. However, due to the capacity of PXR to bind a multitude of different types of environmental pollutants, it is difficult to predict which type of molecule is responsible for the observed activity in environmental samples. The development of a tool to purify PXR ligands in an environmental complex matrix such as wastewater and sludge should improve their chemical detection. We already developed a recombinant ER alpha affinity column for the purification of estrogenic compounds from water and sediment extracts. In the same way we developed a procedure with

This story, published on 5 September, has been updated to make clear the Commissions draft criteria referred to biocidal products. Below is the updated story.. EU national representatives adopted on Monday (4 September) the European Commissions draft criteria for endocrine disruptors in biocidal products, laying the foundation for a comprehensive strategy to limit citizens exposure to harmful substances.. The EU voted to ban endocrine disruptors in 2009. But so far the ban has not come into effect due to a lack of criteria defining the chemicals that it should cover.. Endocrine disruptors are chemical substances that are suspected of triggering diseases such as cancer or diabetes and contributing to people becoming overweight or infertile through changes to the endocrine (or hormone) system.. They are commonly found in everyday plastic products, food packaging and agricultural chemicals and can be absorbed by the body in a number of ways.. Mondays vote was the first step in the EUs adoption ...

NutritionFacts.org, by Michael Greger: In 1979, an epidemic of breast enlargement was noted in Italian children. Poultry or veal was suspected, given that estrogens may be fed to farm animals to accelerate their weight gain. After this episode, the European Union banned the application/use of anabolic growth promoters in agriculture, as well as the importation of American meat from animals injected with drugs like Zeranol, sold as Ralgro Magnum.. Zeranol, one of the most potent known endocrine disrupters, is 100,000 times more estrogenic than the plastics chemical, BPA, for example, and is the subject of my video Zeranol Use in Meat and Breast Cancer. Zeranol constitutes a special case among potential endocrine disrupters, because Zeranol, in contrast to all other oestrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals, is present in human food because it is deliberately used in the production of consumer products. Furthermore, Zeranol is designed to be a potent, fairly persistent [estrogen] whereas ...

The main objective of this research project is to understand how in utero Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure affects fetal gonadal development and reproduction in adulthood in mice. In utero exposure to estrogenic endocrine disruptors such as diethylsfilbestrol (DES) is known to cause sex organ malformation, reproductive carcinogenesis, and fertility defects in both male and female in humans and rodents. Based on DES studies, it is proposed that in utero exposure to other endocrine disruptors, particularly those that work through estrogen receptors, may lead to reproductive diseases in adulthood. BPA, a chemical used in synthesis of plastics, exhibits estrogenic activities and deleterious effects on reproduction when given to adult rodents. BPA is detected in serum of pregnant women, umbilical cord blood, and fetal plasma, indicating that developing fetuses are exposed to BPA. Although effects of BPA on adult reproductive organs have been studied extensively, impacts of in utero BPA exposure ...

Increased exposure of birds to endocrine disrupting compounds has resulted in developmental and reproductive dysfunctions. We have recently identified the flame retardants, ally1-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (TBP-AE), 2-3-dibromopropy1-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (TBP-DBPE) and the TBP-DBPE metabolite 2-bromoallyI-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (TBP-BAE) as antagonists to both the human androgen receptor (AR) and the zebrafish AR. In the present study, we aimed at determining whether these compounds also interact with the chicken AR. In silico modeling studies showed that TBP-AE, TBP-BAE and TBP-DBPE were able to dock into to the chicken AR ligand-binding pocket. In vitro transfection assays revealed that all three brominated compounds acted as chicken AR antagonists, inhibiting testosterone induced AR activation. In addition, qRT-PCR studies confirmed that they act as AR antagonists and demonstrated that they also alter gene expression patterns of apoptotic, anti-apoptotic, drug metabolizing and amino ...

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are compounds that alter the normal functioning of the endocrine system of both wildlife and humans. A huge number of chemicals have been identified as endocrine disruptors, among them several pesticides. Pesticides are used to kill unwanted organisms in crops, public areas, homes and gardens, and parasites in medicine. Human are exposed to pesticides due to their occupations or through dietary and environmental exposure (water, soil, air). For several years, there have been enquiries about the impact of environmental factors on the occurrence of human pathologies. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the potential impacts of endocrine disruptor pesticides on human health.

On 4 July European Union countries agreed on the definition of endocrine disruptors in pesticides, an agreement welcomed by Frances Minister of Ecology Nicolas Hulot who promised further measures on the national level: this is one of them.. The two lists published by the French government are, however, provisional; they are based on criteria fixed by the European Commission in June 2016. The Commission is in the process of defining new up-to-date-criteria for endocrine disruptors; meanwhile France is taking its own further initiative.. The French union representing the pesticides industry, the UIPP/Union des Industries de la Protection des Plantes, has criticised the French governments online publication saying it is premature and doesnt respect the EU timetable.. If the French NGO Generations-Futures welcomes the publication, it nevertheless also warns that the lists are incomplete. At the same time they call for at least 40 pesticides to be taken off the market immediately.. The European ...

Learn about the role endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may have on the metabolism and how they may be contributing to the obesity epidemic from the Endocrine Society.

Pesticide formulations contain declared active ingredients and co-formulants presented as inert and confidential compounds. We tested the endocrine disruption of co-formulants in six glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH), the most used pesticides worldwide. All co-formulants and formulations were comparably cytotoxic well below the agricultural dilution of 1% (18-2000 times for co-formulants, 8-141 times for formulations), and not the declared active ingredient glyphosate (G) alone. The endocrine-disrupting effects of all these compounds were measured on aromatase activity, a key enzyme in the balance of sex hormones, below the toxicity threshold. Aromatase activity was decreased both by the co-formulants alone (polyethoxylated tallow amine-POEA and alkyl polyglucoside-APG) and by the formulations, from concentrations 800 times lower than the agricultural dilutions; while G exerted an effect only at 1/3 of the agricultural dilution. It was demonstrated for the first time that endocrine disruption by GBH

Glucocorticoid signaling plays a critical role in regulating energy metabolism. Emerging data implicate environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals as contributors to the obesity and diabetes epidemics. Previous studies have shown that the phenylsulfamide fungicide tolylfluanid (TF) augments glucoc …

① Water tanks breeding Medaka ② Medaka pair （ ♂ 1 － ♀ 1or2 ） ③ Collect fertilized eggs every morning. ⑥ Observe the embryos under stereo-microscope. ④ Incubate the eggs in an incubato r for 24 hours at 26±0.5 ℃. On the next day, remove dead eggs. Method of egg collection and observation ⑤ Settle the eggs into each well of a microtiter plate wit h 200 m l of dioxin solution. ⑦ RNA extraction ⑧ Quantitative RT- PCR

This article discusses work from the Blumberg laboratory about how the endocrine disruptor, tributyltin alters lineage commitment in mesenchymal stem cells to promote the adipose lineage that was published in the October, 2017 issue of Endocrinology ...

EU member states backed on Wednesday (13 December) the European Commissions new plan to regulate endocrine disruptors, disappointing environmentalists.

Developmental toxicity of 4-octylphenol (OP), an estrogenic endocrine disruptor was verified using frog embryo teratogenesis assay Xenopus. LC50, EC50Malformtion and EC50Melanocyte-dysgenesis of OP were 9.9, 10.5, and 2.4 μM, respectively. In tadpoles, despite the low teratogenic index, 2 μM OP significantly inhibited head cartilage development and tail malformation. The total length of tadpole was significantly increased at 5 μM and decreased at 10 μM OP. In OP-treated tadpoles, head cartilages were frequently missed and col2a1 mRNA was decreased at 2 μM, indicating a chondrogenic defect in developing head. In the head skin of 1 μM OP-treated tadpoles, number of melanocytes and melanogenic pathway genes expression were significantly decreased. In the head-neck junction of stage 22 embryos, OP increased foxd3 and sox10 mRNA and SOX10(+) neural crest cells (NCCs) in somite mesoderm and endoderm, indicating the inhibition of chondrogenic differentiation, ectopic migration to endoderm, and ...

Dr Hausers research interests are in the fields of reproductive, perinatal and pediatric epidemiology. His research focuses on the impact of environmental chemicals on fertility, pregnancy outcomes and childrens health. He is currently conducting a NIH funded study on the effects of chemicals classified as endocrine disruptors on male and female reproductive health endpoints. Examples of specific chemicals of interest include persistent compounds (i.e., flame retardants, PCBs and DDT), and non-persistent chemicals including pesticides, phthalates, parabens and bisphenol A. Health endpoints of interest include infertility and pregnancy outcomes such as early pregnancy loss, stillbirth, and measures of fetal growth. Male health endpoints of interest include semen quality and sperm DNA damage, as well as the paternal contribution to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The study is being conducted in collaboration with physicians and staff from the Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical ...

San Francisco - Researchers have successfully induced hypospadias in mice, an accomplishment that observers say provides more compelling evidence in support of the endocrine disruptor hypothesis as an explanation for the increase in hypospadias observed over the past 30 years.

Early studies of alligators led Dr. Guillette to realize that something in the environment was affecting their reproduction. Juvenile female alligators had malformed ovaries, while males had lower than average testosterone levels and a small penis. He and his colleagues discovered that the changes were caused by environmental contaminants, which were acting as endocrine disruptors.

Belfast Free Library, 106 High St. Endocrine Disruptors in Aquatic Ecosystems: What can hormones tell us about the health of Maines aquatic environment? Dr. Heather Hamlin, UMaine Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, investigates how human-induced changes affect the reproduction and development of aquatic animals, and solutions to promote resilience of Maines aquatic resources.. ...

Join this webinar series to learn whats new to the guideance detailing the assessment of endocrine disruptors and how it applies to you.

Listen to KSQD Radio 12-04-2019: Importance Of Vagus Nerve, Insulin Prices And Endocrine Disruptors and sixty-seven more episodes by Ask Doctor Dawn, free! No signup or install needed. KSQD 10-14-2020: Microbiome news, kidney regulation of blood pressure and the high cost of insulin. KSQD 10-07-2020: All about Celiac disease, mercury testing, Nobel Prizes for CRISPR and much more.

Chiara Frazzoli and Alberto Mantovani from Istituto Superiore di Sanità share insights into endocrine disruptors and non-communicable diseases in Africa

Green Guidance Hormone-Altering Chemicals in Everyday Products Androgyny on the fashion runway is one thing, but in the Arctic no one wants to see gender-confused polar bears. Yet according to scientists, one in 67 female polar bears in Svalbard, Norway, has developed a stunted penis. The suspected cause is exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, particularly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Elsewhere, the chemicals have been linked to female mollusks growing penises, fish bearing both sex organs, and reproductive difficulties among mammals. In humans, breast milk contaminated with phthalate plasticizers has been shown to alter hormone levels in three-month-old boys, resulting in incomplete virilization. With 966 known or suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals in existence-and often in the environment-elimination is unlikely. The European Unions new REACH legislation, which requires that manufacturers find substitutes for the most dangerous of the chemicals in consumer products, will ...

June 26, 2012 /Press Release/ -- A lifestyle that features fresh foods and limited use of products likely to contain environmental chemicals has been shown to reduce exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs)C such as BPA and phthalates, in a small population study. EDCs are linked to a number of adverse health complications including neuro-developmental delays, behavioral issues and fertility problems. They are produced by the millions of pounds per year and found extensively in a range of products that contain certain plastics.. Researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine and University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry examined individual behavioral choices and community lifestyle practices, as well as analyzed urine samples, from a group of Old Order Mennonite (OOM) women in mid-pregnancy and determined that they have lower levels EDCs in their systems than the general population. The study is published online today in the journal NeuroToxicology.. Bisphenol A (BPA) ...

Exposure to environmental toxicants is associated with numerous disease outcomes, many of which involve underlying immune and inflammatory dysfunction (Dietert et al. 2010). Mounting epidemiological evidence suggests that proper function of the immune system is a major determinant of health across the life course (Dietert et al. 2010). For example, those with childhood asthma may have an elevated risk of developing lung cancer (Dietert et al. 2010), and among individuals ≥ 87 years old, immune dysregulation has been linked with dementia (Katsel et al. 2009). Exposure to environmental toxicants, therefore, may cause life-long changes in response to infectious agents, in immune homeostasis, and in overall physical and mental health (Dietert et al. 2010).. One group of environmental toxicants affecting immune system function is endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) (Chalubinski and Kowalski 2006). In 1996, the U.S. Congress first recognized EDCs as a public health concern when it mandated that ...

Human nuclear receptors control the expression of genes in response to the binding of small signalling molecules in the body. Many compounds that are in the environment are classed as endocrine-disrupting chemicals as they are thought to directly bind nuclear receptors and change gene expression patterns, leading to harmful physical effects. While many of these compounds are harmless individually, the body is constantly exposed to mixtures of these compounds in the environment. It has long been known that combinations of these chemicals can have additive, antagonistic or synergistic effects, but there has been no understanding of the molecular basis for these effects.. The teams of Patrick Balaguer and William Bourguet of INSERM, CNRS and the University of Montpellier used extensive screening methods and biophysical characterisation to identify two endocrine-disrupting chemicals that act synergistically on a human nuclear receptor, the pregnane X receptor (PXR). The two compounds identified are ...

Advances in Epidemiology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of epidemiology.

Abstract Background Renal kallikrein (KLK1) synthesis and urinary excretion are reportedly diminished during AKI (acute kidney injury) in animal models, and provision of kallikrein abrogates renal injury in this setting, but data in human AKI is limited. Therefore we first examined KLK1 renal excretion in human AKI, and then probed potential endocrine and epigenetic mechanisms for its alterations. Methods KLK1 enzymatic activity excretion was evaluated in urine from patients with established or incipient AKI, versus healthy/non-hospital as well as ICU controls. Endocrine control of KLK1 excretion was then probed by catecholamine and aldosterone measurements in established AKI versus healthy controls. To examine epigenetic control of KLK1 synthesis, we tested blood and urine DNA for changes in promoter CpG methylation of the KLK1 gene, as well as LINE-1 elements, by bisulfite sequencing. Results Patients with early/incipient AKI displayed a modest reduction of KLK1 excretion, but unexpectedly, ...

Abstract Background Renal kallikrein (KLK1) synthesis and urinary excretion are reportedly diminished during AKI (acute kidney injury) in animal models, and provision of kallikrein abrogates renal injury in this setting, but data in human AKI is limited. Therefore we first examined KLK1 renal excretion in human AKI, and then probed potential endocrine and epigenetic mechanisms for its alterations. Methods KLK1 enzymatic activity excretion was evaluated in urine from patients with established or incipient AKI, versus healthy/non-hospital as well as ICU controls. Endocrine control of KLK1 excretion was then probed by catecholamine and aldosterone measurements in established AKI versus healthy controls. To examine epigenetic control of KLK1 synthesis, we tested blood and urine DNA for changes in promoter CpG methylation of the KLK1 gene, as well as LINE-1 elements, by bisulfite sequencing. Results Patients with early/incipient AKI displayed a modest reduction of KLK1 excretion, but unexpectedly, ...

Obesity is a worldwide pandemic that also contributes to the increased incidence of other diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Increased obesity is generally ascribed to positive energy balance. However, recent findings suggest that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as obesogens during critical windows of development, may play an important role in the current obesity trends. Several experimental approaches, from in vitro cell cultures to transgenerational in vivo studies, are used to better understand the mechanisms of action of obesogens, each of which contributes to answer different questions. In this review, we discuss current knowledge in the obesogen field and the existing tools developed in research laboratories using tributyltin as a model obesogen. By understanding the advantages and limitations of each of these tools, we will better focus and design experimental approaches that will help expanding the obesogen field with the objective of finding potential therapeutic targets in human

Endocrine disruptors are chemicals that can obstruct with endocrine systems at certain doses. These disruptions can cause tumoroustumors, birth defects, and other developmental disorders. Any system in the body well-ordered by hormones can be derailed by hormone disruptors. Specifically, endocrine disruptors may be associated with the development of learning disabilities, severe attention deficit disorder, perceptive and brain development problems deformations of the body that includes breast cancer, prostate cancer, thyroid and other cancers; sexual development problems for example feminizing of males or masculinizing effects on females, etc.. ...

It is prudent to avoid the use of dietary supplements of L-glutamic acid by pregnant women, infants, and children. The existence of evidence of potential endocrine responses, i.e., elevated cortisol and prolactin, and differential responses between males and females, would also suggest a neuroendocrine link and that supplemental L-glutamic acid should be avoided by women…. ...

7/7/2015; Freshwater ecosystems play a central role in the environment. Through various processes such as nutrient recycling, groundwater recharging, and the attenuation of many pollutants these biological systems help to maintain environmental health. Unfortunately, many recent studies have identified emerging threats to these special environments and the life they sustain. One source of mounting concern is a group of compounds that interact with the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife. Known as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), these natural and synthetic chemicals may mimic or interfere with the action of natural hormonesâ€Âthus disrupting the endocrine system. Multiple studies have reported negative effects associated with EDCs on both the health of humans and wildlife; however more information is needed on the reproductive effects that EDCs may pose to wildlife, in particular fish inhabiting these freshwater ecosystems. Fish serve as a useful indicator of the health of an ...

We evaluated the utility of whole embryo culture for the screening technique of the potency of endocrine active chemicals in rat embryos. Rat embryos on embryonic day 11 (ED11) were exposed to two estrogenic chemicals, estradiol benzoate (EB) and diethylstilbestrol (DES), for 42 hr in culture. The treated embryos showed some morphological defects in the cardiovascular system, such as edema around umbilical vessels (EB- and DES-treated groups), enlargement of the heart (EB) and hemorrhage of the head (DES) at high doses. To determine the mediation of estrogen receptors to these morphological defects, we also studied the expression of estrogen receptor a (ER-a) in embryos both by immunohistochemistry and by Western blotting. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive grains stained with anti-ER- a antibody in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of heart and yolk sac in EDs 12 and 13 rat embryos. The staining pattern of anti-ER-a antibody in embryos was different from the positive control, the uterus of ...

I received my PhD from City University of Hong Kong in 2002. After my postdoctoral training with Prof. Rudolf Wu, I continued to work in the same institution as a Lecturer until joining the University of Newcastle in 2009. I am now an academic in the Discipline of Environmental Science and Management in the School of Environmental & Life Sciences (SELS).. My primary research interests are in the Molecular Toxicology of Environmental Stressors and Chemicals. In particular, I am interested in (1) understanding the molecular mechanisms of endocrine disruption caused by hypoxia and environmental chemicals and (2) developing cell- and animal-based assays for the screening and detection of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Overall, my research covers both basic science aimed at understanding the fundamental mechanisms of environmental toxicity and applied science concerned with the development of diagnostic tools for assessing and monitoring environmental toxicity. Outlined below is a summary of ...

I received my PhD from City University of Hong Kong in 2002. After my postdoctoral training with Prof. Rudolf Wu, I continued to work in the same institution as a Lecturer until joining the University of Newcastle in 2009. I am now an academic in the Discipline of Environmental Science and Management in the School of Environmental & Life Sciences (SELS).. My primary research interests are in the Molecular Toxicology of Environmental Stressors and Chemicals. In particular, I am interested in (1) understanding the molecular mechanisms of endocrine disruption caused by hypoxia and environmental chemicals and (2) developing cell- and animal-based assays for the screening and detection of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Overall, my research covers both basic science aimed at understanding the fundamental mechanisms of environmental toxicity and applied science concerned with the development of diagnostic tools for assessing and monitoring environmental toxicity. Outlined below is a summary of ...

For REACH substances, inclusion in the list means that an informal hazard assessment for endocrine-disrupting properties either is under development or has been completed since the start of the implementation of the SVHC Roadmap in February 2013. For each substance, the table shows the assessing or evaluating Member State (submitter), the outcome and the suggested follow-up for the assessment, and the date of the latest update to the list entry. Other process details and hazard assessment outcome documents are also available and can be accessed through the Details icon. One possible outcome of such an assessment is that a substance is considered not to have ED properties. If the outcome is that the substance is considered to have ED properties, confirmation through the formal risk management and decision-making processes under REACH/BPR is needed before any regulatory action can be taken due to these properties. The intentions of authorities to submit a dossier to the formal REACH and CLP ...

Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) are synthetic compounds that alter hormone systems and can cause adverse health effects. Learn more here.

Today the S&D Group won an important battle for European citizens health, despite opposition from conservative MEPs in the European Parliament

ROCK SPRINGS, Pa. - With water quality in the Chesapeake Bay suffering from excess nutrients and fish populations in rivers such as the Susquehanna experiencing gender skewing and other reproductive abnormalities, understanding how to minimize runoff of both nutrients and endocrine-disrupting compounds from farm fields after manure applications is a critical objective for agriculture.. A new study by researchers in Penn States College of Agricultural Sciences shows that applying manure to crop fields by means of shallow disk injection into the soil rather than traditional surface broadcast significantly reduces estrogens in surface runoff. This finding suggests that manure-application methods can be used to control the mobilization potential of estrogens and points to opportunities for protecting downstream water quality.. The research, published this month in Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, also investigated how manure-application methods affected runoff of total dissolved phosphorus ...

The recently developed female leukophore-free (FLFII) strain of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) carries DNA markers for the identification of genotypic sex. Information regarding genotypic sex is useful for tests in which endocrine-disrupting compounds may masculinize or feminize fish. In the present study, methods were developed to automate DNA extraction and profiling for rapid determination of genotypic sex. Adequate amounts of DNA were isolated by robotic extraction procedures from the caudal fin. New primers were developed to include an 18-base pair segment that is in the X chromosome of female medaka but is absent in the Y chromosome of male medaka. Automated profiling methods with 96-well plates permitted analysis of the genomic sex of medaka at rates of up to 500 fish/d. We investigated the sensitivity of the FLFII strain to the feminizing effects of the potent estrogen 17beta-estradiol (E2), and we compared this sensitivity to that of a wild strain that has been used widely in the ...

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer and an endocrine-disrupting chemical. It is present in a variety of products used daily including food containers, paper, and dental sealants and is now widely detected in human urine and blood. Exposure to BPA during development may affect brain organization and behavior, perhaps as a consequence of its actions as a steroid hormone agonist/antagonist and/or an epigenetic modifier. Here we show that BPA produces transgenerational alterations in genes and behavior. Female mice received phytoestrogen-free chow with or without BPA before mating and throughout gestation. Plasma levels of BPA in supplemented dams were in a range similar to those measured in humans. Juveniles in the first generation exposed to BPA in utero displayed fewer social interactions as compared with control mice, whereas in later generations (F2 and F4), the effect of BPA was to increase these social interactions. Brains from embryos (embryonic d 18.5) exposed to BPA had lower gene ...

Statistical Methods Development & Visual Analytics. [Vignette: Reif et al (2010) Environmental Health Perspectives]. The prioritization of chemicals for toxicity testing is a primary goal of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast™ program. Phase I of ToxCast used a battery of 467 in vitro, high-throughput screening assays to assess 309 environmental chemicals. One important mode of action leading to toxicity is endocrine disruption, and the U.S. EPAs Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) has been charged with screening pesticide chemicals and environmental contaminants for their potential to affect the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife. The goal of this study was to develop a flexible method to facilitate the rational prioritization of chemicals for further evaluation and demonstrate its application as a candidate decision-support tool for EDSP. Focusing on estrogen, androgen, and thyroid pathways, we defined putative endocrine profiles and derived a relative ...

This work is devoted to the study of the endocrine-related effects on human health with special reference to carcinogenesis, and to the assessment of carcinogenic risk. After providing basic information at the general, cellular and molecular levels, the contents focus on the paradigm of biologically-based risk assessment, as developed form physiologically-based toxicokinetic models. The analysis of this material is proposed as the novel parameters for developing biologically-based models of carcinogenesis, considered to be more relevant to risk assessment than traditional approaches.

The effects of endocrine disruptors can be strongest during critical periods such as fetal development, infancy, adolescence, conception and pregnancy. These are times of important changes that will have long-term consequences for a child (fry, larvae, pup, chick etc.) and its future children. Thousands of chemicals have been found to be endocrine disruptors. Some of them are very resistant to degradation and remain in the environment and in peoples bodies for decades or longer. Many of these are no longer in use even though we can still easily detect them. They were found to be a threat to health and were banned and/or replaced with something less dangerous. There are many other chemicals in use that have not been tested. There are others that are current foci of research and debate. These chemicals were not developed to cause harm to humans (at least not most of them), rather they were found to be harmful after they were already in use. An example that you may be aware of is the plastics ...

Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) and Seveso Womens Health Studies (SWHS) similarities: 1. Both are prospective cohort studies of more highly exposed populations; 2. Both use biomarkers of exposure; and, 3. Both study multiple health outcomes. CHAMACOS and SWHS differences: 1. CHAMACOS focuses on childrens health, SWHS focuses on womens health. 2. CH

Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Levitra Plus.. STORAGE. Store Levitra Plus at room temperature, between 68 and 77 degrees F (20 and 25 degrees C). Store away from heat, moisture, and light. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep Levitra Plus out of the reach of children.. MORE INFO:. Active Ingredient: Vardenafil 10mg.. Other Ingredients:. Ginseng stimulates and increases endocrine activity in the body. It increases metabolic activity and relaxes heart and artery movements. Ginseng also stimulates the medulla centers and relaxes the central nervous system. Ginseng also increases more successfully erections, sexual desire and intercourse in comparison with placebo.. L-Arginine is used to make the nitric oxide, a compound in the body that relaxes blood vessels. Preliminary studies have found that L-Arginine may help with conditions that improve when blood vessels are relaxed (called vasodilation). Together with reduction of blood vessel stiffness L-Arginine ...