Abstract The histopathology of fatal Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) in humans has not been well documented. To evaluate the spectrum of disease in man, the histologic slides of the 21 autopsied patients who died with documented VEE infection during the 1962-63 VEE epidemic in Zulia, Venezuela were reviewed. The main histopathologic lesion observed in multiple organs and tissues, especially the brain, gastrointestinal tract, and lungs, was moderate to marked diffuse congestion and edema with hemorrhage. In the central nervous system (CNS), mild or focal mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates were present in the leptomeninges and perivascular spaces (65%). Meningoencephalitis associated with intense necrotizing vasculitis was observed in 2 patients (10%), and cerebritis was observed in 5 cases (25%). There was a striking depletion of lymphocytes with vascular thrombosis and necrosis of follicles in lymph nodes (77%), spleen (69%), and the gastrointestinal tract (90%). Widespread hepatocellular

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Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus was isolated in 1993, 1994, and 1995 from human cases of acute, undifferentiated, febrile illness in the Peruvian Amazon Basin. Two virus isolates were recovered in 1994 from Peruvian soldiers at a jungle outpost near Pantoja in northern Peru, and 10 isolates were obtained from military personnel and civilians in 1993-1995 in Iquitos, an urban center in northeastern Peru. The genetic relationship of these isolates to other VEE virus strains was determined by sequencing 856-867 nucleotide reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction fragments derived from the PE2 glycoprotein gene. The sequences were compared with those of other VEE virus strains, including representatives of the IAB, IC, ID, IE, II, and IIIC subtypes. The two Pantoja isolates were most closely related to subtype IC and ID viruses previously isolated in Colombia and Venezuela, and to the ID viruses isolated during the 1970s in Iquitos. All of the recent Iquitos isolates were similar to one

TY - JOUR. T1 - Evolution and spread of Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex alphavirus in the Americas. AU - Forrester, Naomi L.. AU - Wertheim, Joel O.. AU - Dugan, Vivian G.. AU - Auguste, Albert J.. AU - Lin, David. AU - Adams, A. Paige. AU - Chen, Rubing. AU - Gorchakov, Rodion. AU - Leal, Grace. AU - Estrada-Franco, Jose G.. AU - Pandya, Jyotsna. AU - Halpin, Rebecca A.. AU - Hari, Kumar. AU - Jain, Ravi. AU - Stockwell, Timothy B.. AU - Das, Suman R.. AU - Wentworth, David E.. AU - Smith, Martin D.. AU - Kosakovsky Pond, Sergei L.. AU - Weaver, Scott C.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Library of Science. All Rights Reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2017/8. Y1 - 2017/8. N2 - Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex alphaviruses are important re-emerging arboviruses that cause life-threatening disease in equids during epizootics as well as spillover human infections. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of VEE complex alphaviruses by ...

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is an emerging arboviral pathogen that affects the Americas. Outbreaks can involve hundreds- of- thousands of equines and humans, spread over large geographic regions, and can last several years. The principal vector in most major coastal outbreaks is the mosquito Aedes taeniorhynchus. This species is more susceptible to most epidemic than to enzootic strains, and the adaptation of VEEV to this vector may be an important determinant of epidemic transmission. However, studies on the infection, dissemination, and transmission of VEEV regarding this important vector are lacking. \r\nThe major determinant of Ae. taeniorhynchus infection with VEEV is the E2 envelope glycoprotein, which interacts with cellular receptors. I therefore hypothesized that differential interactions of VEEV with receptors on midgut epithelial cells determine the ability of a representative epidemic versus a representative enzootic strain to infect this mosquito. In support of this ...

Quantifying the dose of an arbovirus transmitted by mosquitoes is essential for designing pathogenesis studies simulating natural infection of vertebrates. Titration of saliva collected in vitro from infected mosquitoes may not accurately estimate titers transmitted during blood feeding, and infection by needle injection may affect vertebrate pathogenesis. We compared the amount of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus collected from the saliva of Aedes taeniorhynchus to the amount injected into a mouse during blood feeding. Less virus was transmitted by mosquitoes in vivo (geometric mean 11 PFU) than was found for comparable times of salivation in vitro (mean saliva titer 74 PFU). We also observed slightly lower early and late viremia titers in mice that were needle injected with 8 PFU, which represents the low end of the in vivo transmission range. No differences in survival were detected, regardless of the dose or infection route.

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Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a New World alphavirus that is naturally transmitted through mosquito vectors resulting in human infections. This virus is classified as a category B pathogen and a select agent as it is highly infectious and retains infectivity when transmitted as an aerosol. There is currently no therapeutic or vaccine candidate that is available to the civilian population for the treatment of VEEV exposures. With the ability of viruses to develop resistance to antiviral strategies that target viral components, it will be of strategic value to target specific host proteins to inhibit the viral life-cycle. Such host-based therapeutic candidates are also likely to find broad spectrum applicability in the treatment of infections by of other viral pathogens in addition to VEEV that employ the same host-based candidates. We show that inhibition of host kinases, AP2-associated protein kinase 1 (AAK1) and cyclin G-associated kinase (GAK), associated with ...

Induction and Characterization of Immune Responses in Small Animals Using a Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus (VEE) Replicon System, Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Envelope ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Endemic Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis in Northern Peru. AU - Aguilar, Patricia V.. AU - Greene, Ivorlyne P.. AU - Schneider, Lark L. AU - Medina, Gladys. AU - Moncayo, Abelardo C.. AU - Anishchenko, Michael. AU - Ludwig, George V.. AU - Turell, Michael J.. AU - OGuinn, Monica L.. AU - Lee, John. AU - Tesh, Robert B.. AU - Watts, Douglas M.. AU - Russell, Kevin L.. AU - Hice, Christine. AU - Yanoviak, Stephen. AU - Morrison, Amy C.. AU - Klein, Terry A.. AU - Dohm, David J.. AU - Guzman, Hilda. AU - Travassos Da Rosa, Amelia P A. AU - Guevara, Carolina. AU - Kochel, Tadeusz. AU - Olson, James. AU - Cabezas, Cesar. AU - Weaver, Scott C.. PY - 2004/5. Y1 - 2004/5. N2 - Since Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) was isolated in Peru in 1942, ,70 isolates have been obtained from mosquitoes, humans, and sylvatic mammals primarily in the Amazon region. To investigate genetic relationships among the Peru VEEV isolates and between the Peru isolates and other VEEV strains, a ...

COPENHAGEN, Denmark, January 24, 2019 - Bavarian Nordic A/S (OMX: BAVA, OTC: BVNRY) reports further progress in the development of a prophylactic vaccine against the equine encephalitis virus - a rare, but potentially deadly illness. The program, which is funded by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) Joint Project Management Office for Medical Countermeasure Systems (JPM-MCS) through a multi-year agreement of up to USD 36 million, aims to develop a vaccine against three separate strains of the equine encephalitis virus, Eastern (EEEV), Venezuelan (VEEV), and Western (WEEV), for which there are currently no preventative vaccines available. The vaccine is based on Bavarian Nordics proprietary, poxviral MVA-BN® platform, which due to its large genome is able to encode multiple antigens, thus providing the potential to protect against multiple diseases. Since award of the contract in March 2018, Bavarian Nordic has received incremental funding to support the preclinical development, GMP ...

The U.S. and Soviet Union both weaponized Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis during the Cold War, prompting VEEV to be added to the Select Agent list.

a. Clinical Syndrome. (1) Characteristics. Eight serologically distinct viruses belonging to the Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) complex have been associated with human disease; the most important of these pathogens are designated subtype 1, variants A, B and C. These agents also cause severe disease in horses, mules, and donkeys (Equidae). Natural infections are acquired by…

The objective of this research study was to evaluate the potential antibody escape mutations identified. The specific aims of this study were as follows: Aim 1: Generate mutant virus stocks containing the identified ...

Read Role of angiotensin II in experimental Venezuelan equine encephalitis in rats, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

In 1993, an outbreak of encephalitis among 125 affected equids in coastal Chiapas, Mexico, resulted in a 50% case-fatality rate. The outbreak was attributed to Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) subtype IE, not previously associated with equine disease and death. To better understand the ecology of this VEEV strain in Chiapas, we experimentally infected 5 species of wild rodents and evaluated their competence as reservoir and amplifying hosts. Rodents from 1 species (Baiomys musculus) showed signs of disease and died by day 8 postinoculation. Rodents from the 4 other species (Liomys salvini, Oligoryzomys fulvescens, Oryzomys couesi, and Sigmodon hispidus) became viremic but survived and developed neutralizing antibodies, indicating that multiple species may contribute to VEEV maintenance. By infecting numerous rodent species and producing adequate viremia, VEEV may increase its chances of long-term persistence in nature and could increase risk for establishment in disease-endemic areas ...

REFERENCES 1. Figueiredo LT. Emergent arboviruses in Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2007; 40:224-229. [ Links ] 2. Figueiredo ML, Figueiredo LT. Emerging alphaviruses in the Americas: Chikungunya and Mayaro. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop2014; 47:677-683. [ Links ] 3. Ortiz DI, Kang W, Weaver SC. Susceptibility of Ae. aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) to infection with epidemic (subtype IC) and enzootic (subtypes ID, IIIC, IIID) Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex alphaviruses. J Med Entomol 2008; 45:1117-1125. [ Links ] 4. Aitken TH, Anderson CR. Virus transmission studies with Trinidadian mosquitoes II. Further observations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1959; 8:41-45. [ Links ] 5. Alencar CHM, Albuquerque LM, Aquino TMF, Soares CB, Ramos Júnior AN, Lima JWO, et al. Potencialidades do Aedes albopictus como vetor de arboviroses no Brasil: um desafio para a atenção primária. Rev APS 2008; 11:459-467. [ Links ] 6. Vasconcelos PFC, Travassos da Rosa APA, Pinheiro FP, Shope RE, Travassos da Rosa JFS, Rodrigues SG, et ...

Venezuelan Canadians are Canadian citizens of Venezuelan descent or a Venezuela-born person who resides in Canada. Venezuelan Canadians are one of more than ten Latino groups in Canada. The first Venezuelan immigrants came to Canada in the 1960s, but more than half arrived after the Venezuelan general strike of 2002-2003. Montreal, Quebec, with about 2,000, has the largest number, but in recent years, more and more families, now about 150, have settled in Calgary, Alberta[2] and Edmonton, Alberta. Smaller communities are found in Toronto, Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario and Vancouver, British Columbia.. ...

Definition of Venezuelan box in the Financial Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is Venezuelan box? Meaning of Venezuelan box as a finance term. What does Venezuelan box mean in finance?

Definition of Venezuelan bolívar in the Financial Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is Venezuelan bolívar? Meaning of Venezuelan bolívar as a finance term. What does Venezuelan bolívar mean in finance?

Reuters has described previous polls in Venezuela as being notoriously controversial and divergent.[281] The Wall Street Journal described Datanálisis as a respected pollster in Venezuela in March 2019.[282] Stratfor reported Maduro lost support of working-class Venezuelans as government handouts subsided;[283] the opposition to Maduro has proposed plans to end the economic crisis, resulting in increased support for them.[283] The Wall Street Journal reported that barrios are turning against Maduro in a shift born of economic misery and police violence, adding that many blame government brutality for the shift.[282] Pollster Datanálisis found that, among the poorest 20% of Venezuelans, Maduros support had fallen to 18% in February 2019 from 40% two years earlier.[282] An April survey of 1,000 voters conducted by Hercon Consultores found that 78% of Venezuelans recognized Guaidó as interim president.[284] An 11-14 March 2019 survey of 1,100 people in 16 Venezuelan states and 32 cities ...

Naiguatá sank following its purposeful ramming of the polar ice class cruise liner RCGS Resolute while in international waters on 30 March 2020.[10][11] According to RCGS Resolutes owner, the Coast Guard ship had fired shots[11] and ordered the cruise ship to follow it to Margarita Island, a Venezuelan harbour.[12] Naiguatá sank following the ramming, with RCGS Resolute informing the international Maritime Rescue Coordination Centre (MRCC) of the incident and offering assistance. After staying in the area for an hour, RCGS Resolute was informed through MRCC that assistance was not required as Naiguatás crew had been rescued by the Venezuelan Navy.[13]. Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro accused the captain of the cruise ship of piracy and terrorism,[14] adding later that he did not rule out that RCGS Resolute was carrying mercenaries to attack onshore military bases.[15][16] The Venezuelan minister of defence said RCGS Resolutes action was an act of imperial ...

Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEV) are responsible for human diseases in the Americas, producing severe or mild illness with symptoms indistinguishable from dengue and other arboviral diseases. For this reason ...

Type I interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) have critical roles in inhibiting virus replication and dissemination. Despite advances in understanding of the molecular basis of restriction by ISGs, the antiviral mechanisms of many remain unclear. The 20 kDa ISG, ISG20, is a nuclear 3-5 exonuclease with preference for ssRNA, which has been implicated in the IFN-mediated restriction of several RNA viruses. While the exonuclease activity of ISG20 has been shown to degrade viral RNA in vitro, these findings have not been reconciled with proposed effects of ISG20 against RNA viruses that replicate in the cell cytoplasm. In the present study, we utilize a combination of an inducible, overexpression system for murine ISG20 and Isg20-/- mice to investigate mechanisms and consequences of ISG20-mediated restriction of alphaviruses. Overexpressed ISG20 primarily localized to Cajal bodies in the nucleus and potently restricted chikungunya virus and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replication by ...

Ichor Medical Systems Inc (Ichor) is a medical equipment company that commercializes electroporation technology for the delivery of vaccines and DNA drugs. The company electroporation technology is used for the treatment and prevention of debilitating diseases. Its trigrid provides DNA drugs and vaccines for melanoma, malaria, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, influenza, and for other disease. Ichors proprietary platform, TriGrid delivery system uses electrical fields to enhance DNA drug delivery capability by up to thousand fold compared to conventional injection. The company also offers clinical trials for developing products to treat diseases such as HIV, melanoma, malaria, HBV, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, breast cancer, and others. Ichor is headquartered in San Diego, California, the US.. Ichor Medical Systems Inc-Pharmaceuticals & Healthcare-Deals and ...

A postdoctoral position is available immediately to study the interactions between mosquito-borne viruses and their hosts, with particular focus on productive versus abortive interactions of eastern and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses with host cells and tissues and the effect of such interactions on cell responses and disease. The candidate should have a PhD degree and be familiar with basic techniques in molecular biology, cell biology and immunology. Research experience in RNA virology, immunology, viral pathogenesis and/or signal transduction is highly desirable. Individuals with experience working in BSL-3 containment are particularly encouraged to apply. Candidates must be authorized to work in the United States and will be required to obtain Department of Justice security clearance for work with Select Agents and Toxins, as required by Federal regulation. Interested individuals should submit a letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the name, address, e-mail and telephone ...

Schroeder CE, Yao TL, Sotsky J, Smith RA, Roy S, Chu YK, Guo HX, Tower NA, Noah JW, McKellip S, et al. Development of (E)-2-((1,4-Dimethylpiperazin-2-ylidene)amino)-5-nitro-N-phenylbenzamide , ML336: Novel 2-Amidinophenylbenzamides as Potent Inhibitors of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2014 ;57:8608-8621. ...

Schroeder CE, Yao TL, Sotsky J, Smith RA, Roy S, Chu YK, Guo HX, Tower NA, Noah JW, McKellip S, et al. Development of (E)-2-((1,4-Dimethylpiperazin-2-ylidene)amino)-5-nitro-N-phenylbenzamide , ML336: Novel 2-Amidinophenylbenzamides as Potent Inhibitors of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2014 ;57:8608-8621. ...

Exclusive Distribution by Biotecnologia3000 Will Generate Innovative Foods & Beverages. CLEVELAND, OH (October 15, 2013) -- Ganeden, a recognized world leader in the manufacturing and marketing of probiotics, announced today that GanedenBC30 (Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086) is the first Bacillus coagulans to be approved by the Venezuelan Popular Power Ministry of Health for Food Applications, and will now be available in Venezuela as a result of an exclusive distribution partnership with Biotecnologia 3000 C.A.. The new relationship will provide Ganeden access to leading Venezuelan food and beverage manufacturers, while leveraging the extensive knowledge and experience that Biotecnologia3000 has with the Venezuelan market.. We are focused on expanding globally by establishing a strong foundation with partners who understand the importance of health and wellness, said Michael Bush, Ganedens VP of Business Development. Venezuela is a major player in the South American region of Latin America. ...

Venezuelan manufacturers and suppliers of emergency from around the world. Panjiva uses over 30 international data sources to help you find qualified vendors of Venezuelan emergency.

The Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana is the first full scientific account of a botanically rich and geologically ancient part of South America. The Venezuelan Guayana lies in the center of the Guayana Shield and is dominated by massive table mountains known as tepuis. From these imposing mountains fall the highest waterfalls in the world, such as Angel Falls on Auyán-tepui. It is a region of great beauty, still largely pristine, which includes other diverse habitats such as the swamps of the Orinoco Delta, the upland Gran Sabana, large extensions of lowland tropical forest, and the peculiar white-sand savannas and shrublands of the upper Río Negro. More information about the geography, history, vegetation, and conservation issues can be found in a summary of Volume 1. Botanical explorations in the Guayana Shield region have resulted in the recognition of hundreds of new species, dozens of new genera, and several new families of plants, many of them only known to occur there. Volumes 2 through 9 ...

As Venezuelans prepare for a national vote this February 15th on whether to amend the constitution to remove the two-term limit on all elected offices, several polls conducted by firms with different political orientations indicate that a majority of Venezuelans support the proposed amendment.

Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez has beaten his respiratory infection and his recovery continues to be favourable, the Venezuelan government has reported.

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro offered chocolate and little else at a meeting on Nov. 13 with investors holding some 60 billion dollars in Venezuelan junk bonds. The offer failed to appease lenders.

The Office of the Kentucky State Veterinarian reports that during the second week in June, government officials in Panama reported two confirmed equine cases of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE). The report cited two deceased hors

Yesterdays illegitimate elections confirm that Maduro is a dictator who disregards the will of the Venezuelan people, Mnuchin said.

Venezuelan President Hugo Chavezs staunch ally Diosdado Cabello was re-elected as head of the National Assembly Saturday, with the possibility of him becoming the caretaker president if Chavez cannot be sworn in for his new term Thursday, Jan.10.

U.S. prosecutors are investigating several high-ranking Venezuelan officials on suspicion that they have turned the country into a global hub for cocaine trafficking and money laundering.

Opposition leaders deridedanother currency devaluation by President Hugo Chavezsgovernment as evidence of economic incompetence, while someanxious Venezuelans packed stores in fear of price increases.

Venezuelan supermarkets are seeing shortages of certain products, and government and the private sector are arguing over the cause as the absence of president Hugo Chavez sows political instability.

A quick , refreshing and , at the same time, deep and insightful look to an almost recent and growing phenomenon, that is taking place in what once was a rich and promising country.

Steyermark, J.A.; Berry, P.E.; Yatskievych, K. & H., Bruce K. (eds.) (1997) Martinella. In: Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana (Vol. 3 Araliaceae-Cactaceae). [1] ...

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Venezuelan equine encephalitis pathogen (VEEV) represents a continuing general public health threat in america. this may play a crucial role in the Molidustat power from the computer virus to build up a persistent, life-long contamination in mosquito vectors. These results demonstrate a fresh facet of VEEV-host cell relationships, as well as the results of the study tend applicable to additional NEW WORLD alphaviruses, such as for example eastern and traditional western equine encephalitis infections. (VEEV) is an associate from the genus within the family members. It circulates constantly in Central, South, and THE UNITED STATES and comes with an ability to trigger fatal Molidustat disease in human beings and horses. Alongside some other NEW WORLD alphaviruses, including eastern equine encephalitis computer virus (EEEV) and traditional western equine encephalitis computer virus (WEEV), VEEV represents a significant public health danger in america (47, 60-62). Infections within the VEEV ...

The encephalitogenic New World alphaviruses, including Venezuelan (VEEV), eastern (EEEV), and western equine encephalitis viruses, constitute a continuing public health threat in the United States. They circulate in Central, South, and North America and have the ability to cause fatal disease in humans and in horses and other domestic animals. We recently demonstrated that these viruses have developed the ability to interfere with cellular transcription and use it as a means of downregulating a cellular antiviral response. The results of the present study suggest that the N-terminal, ∼35-amino-acid-long peptide of VEEV and EEEV capsid proteins plays the most critical role in the downregulation of cellular transcription and development of a cytopathic effect. The identified VEEV-specific peptide CVEE33-68 includes two domains with distinct functions: the α-helix domain, helix I, which is critically involved in supporting the balance between the presence of the protein in the cytoplasm and ...

1. Medical Aspects of Biological Warfare. Joel Bozue CKC, Pamela J. Glass, editor: The Borden Institute, U.S. Army Medical Department Government Printing Office; 2018 August 1, 2018.. 2. Casals J, Buckley SM, Barry DW. Resistance to arbovirus challenge in mice immediately after vaccination. Appl Microbiol. 1973;25(5):755-62. Epub 1973/05/01. 4577178. 3. Baker EF Jr., Sasso DR, Maness K, Prichard WD, Parker RL. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine (strain TC-83): a field study. Am J Vet Res. 1978;39(10):1627-31. 717877.. 4. Cox HR, Olitsky PK. Active Immunization of Guinea Pigs with the Virus of Equine Encephalomyelitis: Iii. Quantitative Studies of Serum Antiviral Bodies in Animals Immunized with Active and Inactive Virus. J Exp Med. 1936;64(2):217-22. Epub 1936/07/31. doi: 10.1084/jem.64.2.217 19870531. 5. Morgan IM. Influence of Age on Susceptibility and on Immune Response of Mice to Eastern Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus. J Exp Med. 1941;74(2):115-32. Epub 1941/07/31. doi: ...

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Analysis of the CFTR gene in Venezuelan cystic fibrosis patients, identification of six novel cystic fibrosis-causing genetic variants Karen Sánchez,1 Elizabeth de Mendonca,1 Xiorama Matute,2 Ismenia Chaustre,2 Marlene Villalón,3 Howard Takiff4 1Unit of Genetic and Forensic Studies, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research (IVIC), 2Hospital JM de los Ríos, 3Hospital José Ignacio Baldo, Algodonal, National Reference Unit, 4Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela. Abstract: The mutations in the CFTR gene found in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have geographic differences, but there are scant data on their prevalence in Venezuelan patients. This study determined the frequency of common CFTR gene mutations in a group of Venezuelan patients with CF. The 27 exons of the CFTR gene from 110 Venezuelan patients in the National CF Program were amplified and sequenced. A total of 36 different mutations were

##VEEV MARMOSET MODEL## Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a potentially re-emerging pathogen that has been responsible for several epizootics and epidemics. VEEV is also of interest due to its high infectivity when aerosolized, and its

Ebola virus (EBOV) causes acute hemorrhagic fever that is fatal in up to 90% of cases in both humans and nonhuman primates. No vaccines or treatments are available for human use. We evaluated the effects in nonhuman primates of vaccine strategies that had protected mice or guinea pigs from lethal EBOV infection. The following immunogens were used: RNA replicon particles derived from an attenuated strain of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) expressing EBOV glycoprotein and nucleoprotein; recombinant Vaccinia virus expressing EBOV glycoprotein; liposomes containing lipid A and inactivated EBOV; and a concentrated, inactivated whole-virion preparation. None of these strategies successfully protected nonhuman primates from robust challenge with EBOV. The disease observed in primates differed from that in rodents, suggesting that rodent models of EBOV may not predict the efficacy of candidate vaccines in primates and that protection of primates may require different mechanisms.

Stanford University scientists think a newly improved drug might help fight off viruses causing Ebola, dengue and Zika among others. Attempts to destroy viruses, including common cold viruses have failed up until now. Scientists at Stanford decided to solve this problem from a different angle by boosting the human bodys ability to resist the virus rather than directly fighting the virus. This work was published in Nature Chemical Biology. This approach has worked, in a lab dish at least, with a drug that fights two disease-causing viruses and potentially many more. Chaitan Khosla, a professor of chemistry and of chemical engineering who was one of the senior authors on the paper said, the drug could be effective against viruses that use RNA instead of DNA as their genetic material. Most of the really nasty viruses use RNA, Khosla said, including Ebola, dengue, Zika and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a mosquito-borne virus which infects horses but can also kill people. In ...

Stanford University scientists think a newly improved drug might help fight off viruses causing Ebola, dengue and Zika among others. Attempts to destroy viruses, including common cold viruses have failed up until now. Scientists at Stanford decided to solve this problem from a different angle by boosting the human bodys ability to resist the virus rather than directly fighting the virus. This work was published in Nature Chemical Biology. This approach has worked, in a lab dish at least, with a drug that fights two disease-causing viruses and potentially many more. Chaitan Khosla, a professor of chemistry and of chemical engineering who was one of the senior authors on the paper said, the drug could be effective against viruses that use RNA instead of DNA as their genetic material. Most of the really nasty viruses use RNA, Khosla said, including Ebola, dengue, Zika and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), a mosquito-borne virus which infects horses but can also kill people. In ...

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by Zinnia Martinez , Nov 30, 2015 , Performance, TCC News. Join us at The ChillConcept on Dec. 6th, we will be following the Venezuelan Elections in real time with: An Arepa Bar: a Venezuelan food bar. A Performance about Venezuela: Yo soy Venezuela y tengo derecho a (I am Venezuela and have the right to) is a ...

CARACAS (Reuters) - A group of armed civilians attacked a convoy of vehicles carrying Venezuelan opposition politicians to congress on Wednesday, backing recent efforts under President Nicolas Maduro to bar opposition leader Juan Guaido from presiding over parliament.. A crowd of men hit the cars with traffic cones and crowbars, breaking one cars back window, according to a video recorded by an opposition member from inside the vehicle. The convoy then sped away, tailed by several individuals on motorbikes.. Guaidos spokesman said four opposition politicians were in the vehicles, including Carlos Berrizbeitia, Guaidos second congressional vice president. No one was injured.. On Jan. 5, troops blocked Guaido from entering congress and the Socialist Party declared allied legislator Luis Parra as head of parliament, allowing Maduro to seize control of the one Venezuelan institution outside his grip.. Opposition legislators in a separate plenary that day re-elected Guaido to a second term as head ...

Grieder will oversee the divisions grantmaking which exceeded $176 million in FY 2004 to support the 8 national primate research centers and their field stations, primate breeding and resource-related projects, development of mammalian and nonmammalian animal model resources, pre- and post-doctoral training and a variety of research projects. Since 1993, Grieder has been on the faculty and has conducted research at the medical school of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. Her areas of expertise include viral-induced neuroimmunology and neurodegeneration, emerging viral threats and the molecular genetics of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus, which is on the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions list of biowarfare agents ...

CV: PDF. Dr. Amy Vittor studies factors that drive the emergence of vector-borne diseases. She conducted her doctorate on malaria and deforestation in the Peruvian Amazon, showing that a strong positive association exists between the abundance of malaria vectors and anthropogenic land use change. During her medical training, she treated patients with HIV and tuberculosis in Botswana, Kenya and Panama, and conducted malaria bed net implementation research in a United Nations Millennium Village in Ethiopia with the Earth Institute at Columbia University. Driven by a desire to better understand why arboviruses emerge where and when they do, she turned her attention to arboviral transmission. She studied dengue epidemiology in Kenya with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Nairobi as a Fogarty International Clinical Fellow, and subsequently moved to Panama to examine the epidemiology of Venezuelan equine encephalitis and the emergent Madariaga encephalitis.. At present, her research ...

President Trump has signed an Executive Order limiting the Venezuelan governments access to the U.S. financial system. The new sanctions are the latest in a quick succession of U.S. sanctions measures issued in response to the deteriorating political situation in Venezuela. Notably, while previous U.S. sanctions directives targeted specific Venezuelan individuals and entities only, the new sanctions, for the first time, target the Venezuelan government and the Venezuelan state oil company, Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A. (PDVSA).

The International Narcotics Control Board (INCB), a United Nations (U.N.) body, confirmed in its latest annual report the existence of the so-called Cartel of the Suns, a criminal narcotrafficking network led by Venezuelas top military officials with the regimes support.. It is the first time that the INCB has presented evidence of the influence of the narcotrafficking mafia, led by members of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces (FANB, in Spanish) and senior government officials.. There are indications that in the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela the criminal groups have succeeded in infiltrating the government security forces, forming an informal network known as the Cartel of the Suns to facilitate the passage of illicit drugs into and out the country, the INCB said in its 2019 report, published on February 27, 2020.. According to the INCB, the Venezuelan cartel was able to ship large amounts of illicit drugs from Colombia to the United States and Europe in recent years. The report ...

Venezuelan refugee César has been deaf mute since birth. But a fast-food firm in Colombia looked beyond the challenges he faces.

Discussion. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is located on the Northern coast of South America; it covers 916,445km2 and has a population of 29,105,362 inhabitants, of which 2,903,285 are concentrated in the capital city, Santiago de León de Caracas.1 The city is comprised of five municipalities: Chacao, Sucre, El Hatillo, Baruta and Libertador. The HGO-BMFS is located in the north-western area of the city, in the district of Sucre. This district is subdivided into 13 sectors, one of which is Los Magallanes de Catia, hence the name of the hospital: Hospital de los Magallanes de Catia. Its construction was initiated by President Raul Leoni in 1968 and it was inaugurated by President Rafael Caldera in 1973.2. According to the Venezuelan Statistical Office, by 20011 the Sucre district had 352,040 inhabitants, of which 182,106 were females and 164,934 were males. The age of this population was between 15 and 60 years, with this range comprising at least 230,658 inhabitants.1,3. As for ...

The Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) on Friday called off next weeks meeting of its 48 member countries in China after Beijing refused to allow a representative of Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido to attend, two sources with knowledge of the matter said. The decision was made in Washington on Friday at a meeting of the executive board of the IADB, Latin Americas largest development lender, after China refused to change its position, the sources said. The board would vote within 30 days to reschedule the annual meeting for another date and location, they said. On Thursday, the US threatened to derail the meeting

On March 8, 2021, the Department of Homeland Security approved Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for Venezuelans in the United States. TPS is a humanitarian benefit, which is approved for those who are nationals of a foreign country when conditions temporarily prevent the countrys nationals from returning safely, or where the country cannot adequately handle the return of its nationals.

Looking for better living conditions and fleeing crisis in their country, thousands of Venezuelans are emigrating to Brazil in growing numbers.

Edward Simon: Venezuelan Suite jazz review by Angelo Leonardi, published on March 31, 2014. Find thousands reviews at All About Jazz!

After two decades of sewing jackets and school uniforms, Venezuelan clothing designers Stalina Svieykowsky and Nelson Jimenez this month revamped their operations to make the country

Salt Bae has drawn the ire of Sen. Marco Rubio (R-Fla.) after videos surfaced of the chef hugging, and serving, Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro.

Venezuelans took to the streets across their country to protest their government in what was dubbed the mother of all marches, leaving three people dead.

Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro has told Russian TV that Donald Trump tried to kill him and has pointed him and Colombian President Ivan Duque to be held responsible if anything happens to him.

Diplomats Thursday walked out of a UN convention on drugs addressed by Venezuelan Foreign Minister Jorge Arreaza, saying his government was illegitimate and did not represent the country.

When Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez died on Tuesday, schools were shut for seven days, his body lay in state at the Military Academy in Caracas, and supporters were called on to dress in the three colors of the Venezuelan flag. For 15 years, Chavez has been nearly synonymous with Venezuelas identity

US-named Venezuela president Juan Guaido defied the Venezuelan government and returned to the country yesterday. US neocons were hoping that his arrest would open the door to US military action. They were disappointed. The Venezuelan government stood down and allowed his return. Whats next for the regime changers? ...

The U.S. government on Thursday indicted Venezuelan President Nicolas Maduro and more than a dozen other top Venezuelan officials on charges of narco-terrorism, the latest escalation of the Trump administrations pressure campaign aimed at ousting the socialist leader. The State Department

The case is one of several in which US prosecutors have linked individuals tied to Nicolas Maduros government to drug trafficking

The once impressive medical system has crumbled dramatically in Venezuelas ongoing crisis. Measles is resurgent; HIV patients arent getting drugs. Even catheters are in short supply.

Troops loyal to President Nicolas Maduro violently drove back foreign aid convoys from Venezuelas border on Saturday, killing two protesters and prompting opposition leader Juan Guaido to propose that...

When the year started, we were astounded to hear Venezuelas 2018 inflation rate could top 13,000 percent. Thats pretty bad hyperinflation. But...

Hospitals in Venezuela are rapidly decaying with a lack of resources such as medicine, endangering the lives of sick patients. CNNs Paula Newton reports.

BALTIMORE, Dec. 9, 2015 /PRNewswire/ -- Profectus BioSciences, Inc., a clinical-stage vaccine company developing innovative vaccines for the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases and the...

Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaidos faltering efforts to oust President Nicolas Maduro are facing a new challenge in the form of an influence-peddling scandal that has left disillusioned Venezuelans wondering if Guaidos moment has passed. Guaido on Sunday said the opposition-controlled congress would investigate alleged ... ...

Free, official coding info for 2018 ICD-10-CM A92.2 - includes detailed rules, notes, synonyms, ICD-9-CM conversion, index and annotation crosswalks, DRG grouping and more.

Citibank additionally claimed they would keep financial relations with Venezuelan customers Following risk assessment, US bank Citibank confirmed the closure of some accounts of Venezuelan customers in the United States. In a communiqué sent to media outlets, the financial institution claimed:

Vieja yo?: The Venezuelan soap played with this. Margot, is a HouseWife just turned 50 who has tried to be an actress for years, and thanks to her skills she ends fronting for an old man to discover who are the really truthful people in his company. Everybody keeps calling old hag (even her very unfaithful husband and her three kids), and everybody around treats her like she was truly an hideous old prune. Of course, she is interpreted by [[http://www.notas.com/html/html/Vieja%20yo%203%20MIMI%20LAZO%20Y%20ADRIAN%20DELGADO%204.JPG Mimi Lazo]], who is the Venezuelan poster lady for GrandmaWhatMassiveHotnessYouHave, and all the calling out is put in the mouth of people who are either envious of her luck and/or looks, or far older and uglier -- people who has other reasons to dislike her and just use the old hag card to hurt her. Unluckily, her younger {{Love Interest,s}} fell into the InformedAttractiveness, as he gained weight during the soap and put in clothing too formal for the poor man ...

a Supreme Court judge has proposed (or here) to add to the same set of revisions to the penal code a provision that those who take food, medicine or inexpensive goods without using violence and for necessary reasons would not be punished (the Jean Valjean law; Reuters UK publishes this in a section called Oddly Enough ...

a Supreme Court judge has proposed (or here) to add to the same set of revisions to the penal code a provision that those who take food, medicine or inexpensive goods without using violence and for necessary reasons would not be punished (the Jean Valjean law; Reuters UK publishes this in a section called Oddly Enough ...

Beetle is a fast & elegant Lifestyle Magazine WordPress theme. It comes with a clean typography, subtle colors and works great with strong pictures. Beetle makes use of the Customizer and a few widget areas which allow you to easily set up your online magazine in just a few minutes ...

On lattendait...le voilà!!! Pendant 6 mois, nos producteurs fromagers mont accueillie dans leur quotidien, une richesse que je souhaite aujourdhui vous partager à travers ce court-métrage. Un GRAND MERCI à tous ces producteurs pour leur accueil généreux mais aussi pour préserver par leur travail de précieux savoir-faire. MERCI aussi à vous qui mavez soutenu tout au long de ce beau périple. Enfin MERCI à Guillaume JUIN pour la réalisation de ce court-métrage que je vous laisse maintenant découvrir... Nhésitez pas à votre tour à le partager sur les réseaux sociaux et autour de vous par ce lien: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qOj9UTx_r9A Bon visionnage ...

of three men seen tampering with an ATM machine located at Atlantic Plaza, Point Lisas.. Police subsequently responded to the report where they spotted three men matching the description of the suspects in a Toyota Aqua motor vehicle.. The vehicle was later intercepted and a search was conducted. During the search, Police allegedly discovered a number of ...