Impurities and additives play a key role in copper electrodeposition, in particular in upstream processes such as electrowinning or electrorefining. One common impurity is iron, mostly present as iron species Fe(II) in highly concentrated sulfuric acid solutions and in a cathodic environment. Herein, the kinetics of copper electrodeposition from such solutions have been investigated using a copper rotating disk electrode and alternating current voltammetry (ACV). For a concentration of proton of 1.84 M and a concentration of Fe(II) ions of 0.054 M, the deposition kinetics are slow enough to separately observe the two electron transfer steps involved in copper reduction: an observation unique to ACV. The results suggest that Fe(II) ions affect the electrodeposition kinetic by slowing down reaction kinetics, in particular slowing the second electron transfer reaction. (C) The Author(s) 2015. Published by ECS.. ...

Read Facile preparation and goodperformance of nano-Ag/metallocene polyethylene antibacterial coatings, Journal of Coatings Technology and Research on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

Almodóvar, J., Mower, J., Banerjee, A., Sarkar, A. K., Ehrhart, N. P. and Kipper, M. J. (2013), Chitosan-heparin polyelectrolyte multilayers on cortical bone: Periosteum-mimetic, cytophilic, antibacterial coatings. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 110: 609-618. doi: 10.1002/bit.24710 ...

Actinide nanomaterials have great potential for application in the fabrication of nuclear fuels and spent fuel reprocessing in advanced nuclear energy systems. In this work, we used track-etched nanoporous membranes as hard templates to synthesize uranium-based nanomaterials with new structures by electrodeposition. Through electrochemical behavior investigations and subsequent product characterization, the chemical compositions of the deposition product has been confirmed to be uranyl hydroxide. More importantly, accurate control of the morphologies of the deposition product (i.e., nanowires and nanotubes) could be achieved by carefully adjusting the growth parameters such as deposition time and current density. The preferred morphology of the electrodeposition product was nanowires when a low current density was applied, whereas nanotubes could be formed only when a high current density and a short deposition time were both applied. The formation of nanotubes is attributed to the hydrogen ...

Electrodeposition involving an electrolyte having a surface-smoothing additive can result in self-healing, instead of self-amplification, of initial protuberant tips that give rise to roughness and/or dendrite formation on the substrate and/or film surface. For electrodeposition of a first conductive material (C1) on a substrate from one or more reactants in an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution is characterized by a surface-smoothing additive containing cations of a second conductive material (C2), wherein cations of C2 have an effective electrochemical reduction potential in the solution lower than that of the reactants.

Cyclic voltammetry and linear sweep voltammetry with an ultramicroelectrode (UME) were employed to study Zn and Mg electrodeposition and the corresponding mechanistic pathways. CVs obtained at a Pt UME for Zn electroreduction from a trifluoromethylsulfonyl imide (TFSI^-) and chloride-containing electrolyte in acetonitrile exhibit current densities that are scan rate independent, as expected for a simple electron transfer at a UME. However, CVs obtained from three different Mg-containing electrolytes in THF exhibit an inverse dependence between scan rate and current density. COMSOL-based simulation suggests that Zn electrodeposition proceeds via a simple one-step, two-electron transfer (E) mechanism. Alternatively, the Mg results are best described by invoking a chemical step prior to electron transfer: a chemical-electrochemical (CE) mechanism. The chemical step exhibits an activation energy of 51 kJ/mol. This chemical step is likely the disproportionation of the chloro-bridged dimer ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Decamethylferrocene redox chemistry and gold nanowire electrodeposition at salt crystal,electrode,nonpolar organic solvent contacts. AU - Watkins, John D. AU - Hotchen, C E. AU - Mitchels, John M. AU - Marken, Frank. PY - 2012. Y1 - 2012. N2 - This report describes exploratory experimental findings for electrochemical processes in nonpolar solvents (hexane, toluene, and dichloroethane). Conventional 3 mm diameter glassy-carbon-disk electrodes are used in contact with a crystalline salt electrolyte (ammonium nitrate) immersed in nonpolar solvents. The insoluble salt is employed as a surface thin film electrolyte, with humidity causing electrical connection from the working electrode to the SCE counter-reference electrode. The organic solvents are employed without intentionally added electrolyte. Humidity in the nonpolar solvents is shown to be essential for the processes to work. The oxidation of decamethylferrocene is demonstrated as a test organometallic redox system. The ...

The invention relates to an electrodeposition method for forming a film of an electrochemically synthesizable and functional substance, e.g. Prussian blue useful as an electrochromic material, on an electrode plate having a conductive coating film relatively high in surface resistivity such as a tin dioxide or indium trioxide film. A desired film of uniform thickness can be formed even when the electrode plate is as large as 40 cm square or is still larger by providing the electrode plate with an elongate auxiliary electrode element formed of, for example, a metal wire or foil, which is attached to the outer surface of the conductive coating film so as to extend at least along the whole periphery of the electrode plate.

Cr(VI)-free corrosion protection layers or adhesion promoter layers produced using a solution comprising... | Process for producing rubber composition | Glass-containing thermoplastic acrylic resin composition and molded article thereof | Compositions comprising thermoplastic vulcanizate, foamed material and articles made therefrom | Dry film and printed wiring board |

Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) is an alternative to sulfuric acid electrolyte for metal deposition. The electrochemical nucleation and growth of Cu on a glassy carbon electrode in methanesulfonate was compared with sulfate baths. The overpotential for Cu deposition was much smaller in the MSA bath compared to the traditional sulfuric acid bath, and Cu nucleation occurred at a higher rate in the MSA bath. The measured diffusion coefficient value for Cu deposition from the MSA bath was 6.82x10(-6) cm(2)/s. UV-visible spectroscopic results confirmed that the coordination of Cu species was the same in both electrolytes. Cu electrodeposition on Ni sputtered Si substrate from the high efficiency MSA bath was photoresist-compatible with no void formation. One-dimensional Cu nanorods were also deposited through an anodized aluminum oxide template on a Ni evaporated seed layer substrate, showing potential applications as electrical interconnects in ultralarge scale integration (ULSI) and ...

Electrodeposition is a key component in the microelectronic industry because it has the following advantages: low cost, easy operation and the capability to deposit into irregular geometries such as recessed and curved areas. In this dissertation, CoCu alloys were investigated to fabricate multilayers, microdevices and microposts. All of these multilayer structures were composed of nanometric copper and cobalt-rich layers in order to obtain magnetoresistance, a phenomenon where the resistance of multilayer structures decreases with increases of external magnetic field. An investigation was carried out in order to evaluate appropriate plating conditions during multilayered thin film deposition, with the aim to obtain higher magnetoresistance at lower magnetic field. The effects of layer size, pH, bilayer number, seed layer and nickel component on the magnetoresistance of multilayered thin films were experimentally explored. A magnetoresistance of 5 % was obtained with the saturation field of less than

Here, using a conducting polymer, polyaniline (PANI), membrane as the working electrode, we demonstrate the growth and morphology control of Cu and Cu2O through the electrodeposition technique, which is not accessible by using conventional ITO electrodes. The oxidation state of the copper species electrodepo

0032] FIGS. 1-6 show a variety of embodiments and aspects of the present invention. Referring first to FIG. 1, a series of illustrations depict an embodiment of electrodeposition using an electrolyte 104 having a surface-smoothing additive. The additive comprises cations of C2 102, which have an effective ERP lower than that of the reactants 103. FIG. 1 illustrates how an electrostatically shielded region 106 can develop resulting in the self-healing of the unavoidable occurrence of surface protrusions 105 that would normally form. During the initial stage of deposition, both the reactants and the cations of C2 are adsorbed on the substrate surface 100 (FIG. 1A) under an applied voltage (Ea) 101 slightly less than the reduction potential of the reactant (Er) but larger than the additive reduction potential (EC2/C2), that is, Er,Ea,EC2/C2). Reactants will be deposited to form C1 on the substrate and will unavoidably form some protuberance tips due to various fluctuations in the system (FIG. ...

Electrodeposition of Silver Amalgam Particles on Screen-Printed Silver Electrodes in Voltammetric Detection of 4-Nitrophenol and Artificial Nucleosides dTPT3 and d5SICS

Two polymorphs of AgVO3, namely the α- and β- forms, were prepared and their physical, structural, optical, electrochemical, and photoelectrochemical characteristics were compared using a battery of experimental and theoretical tools. A two-step method, previously developed in the Rajeshwar laboratory for the electrodeposition of inorganic semiconductor films, was applied to

View details for this Research Fellow - Electrochemistry (Electrodeposition of 2D Materials EPSRC) job vacancy at University of Southampton in...

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Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the most common nosocomial infections, which can result in serious complications after surgical interventions. Foreign materials such as implants or surgical sutures are optimal surfaces for the adherence of bacteria and subsequent colonization and biofilm formation. Due to a significant increase in antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, naturally occurring agents exhibiting antibacterial properties have great potential in prophylactic therapies. The aim of this study was to develop a coating for surgical sutures consisting of the antibacterial substance totarol, a naturally occurring diterpenoid isolated from Podocarpus totara in combination with poly(lactide-co-glycolide acid) (PLGA) as a biodegradable drug delivery system. Hence, non-absorbable monofilament and multifilament sutures were coated with solutions containing different amounts and ratios of totarol and PLGA, resulting in a smooth, crystalline coating. Using an agar diffusion test (ADT), it became

Weve been hearing a lot about the antibacterial qualities of silver, with silver nanoparticles finding use in everything from water filters to food packaging. Unfortunately, there are also concerns about the toxicity of those particles, particularly when they enter our bodies. Now, however, Polish scientists have developed what they claim is a safer alternative -an antibacterial coating that kills microbes using gold. Developed at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, the coating can reportedly be applied to a wide variety of surfaces. Its said to be very chemically stable, and is able to withstand repeated washings with detergent.an antibacterial coating that kills microbes using gold. Developed at the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, the coating can reportedly be applied to a wide variety of surfaces. Its said to be very chemically stable, and is able to withstand repeated washings with detergent.The ...

Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) synthesis was carried out via a microbial-mediated biological route and impregnated on propolis-loaded silk sutures using an in situ process. silk sutures fabricated with propolis and biosynthesized AgNPs (bioAgNP-propolis coated sutures) were intensively characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Antibacterial characteristics of the bioAgNP-propolis coated sutures was evaluated using agar plate method. Biocompatibility of the bioAgNP-propolis coated sutures was evaluated using 3T3 fibroblast cells and their wound healing potential was also investigated ...

THE WORLDS FIRST NON-UVC LIGHT STERILIZER BAGS powered by Quantum-ION Antiviral & Antibacterial Coating Technology COMPACT SLING - Carry Your Sterilized Essentials Everywhere In these pandemic times, our need for clean hygiene has never been more important. The Compact Sling is the Worlds First Non-Ultraviolet C Light sterilizer bag, coated with Quantum-ION Antiviral & Antibacterial coating technology, on both inside & outside the bag. With no harmful lights, liquids or chemicals needed to sterilize your belongings and just 1 minute of sterilization time required, it is the perfect multi-purpose bag. The bags exterior is also self-disinfecting, killing viruses & bacteria and reducing cross infection. Carry your sterilized essentials everywhere. With a slim profile of barely an inch, the Compact Sling has two zippered compartments, one for quick access items & another for more important stuff. Its an essentials-only sling that feels like youre not wearing one. Fits comfortably under a jacket, no

WOW! (Ways Of Working) is a magazine edited by Renata Sias focused on: new Workstyle/Lifestyle trends, Design, Art, Management, Technology, Real Estate.

In this thesis, the results regarding the investigation about the cobalt electrodeposition in templates of porous anodic alumina are presented. The doctorade is divided in four main sections. The _rst one has consisted in exploring many experimental set up to the preparation of porous anodic alumina using galvanostatic mode. The main results are related to the high ordering achieved using the galvanostatic mode and the sistem versatility concerning preparation of new architectures in porous anodic alumina such as the two overlapped porous layers presented in this thesis. The second part is about the computational study of the metalic electrodeposition in porous templates. In this step a bidimensional model to the metal electrodeposition in porous sistem was developed and simulated. The model considers one potenciostatic pulse. Potential distribution inside the template is calculated using the Laplace equation. Difusion equation takes into account the transport of electroactive species. ...

Within: (1) a method for purifying a metal oxide layer; and (2) a method for forming with enhanced purity a metal oxide layer, there is employed an irradiation of either: (1) a metal oxide layer; or (2) a substrate in the presence of at least one of an oxidant and a metal source material, such as to either: (1) reduce a concentration of a contaminant material within a metal oxide base material from which is formed a metal oxide layer; or (2) inhibit in a first instance formation of a contaminant material within a metal oxide layer. The metal oxide layer having incorporated therein the reduced concentration of contaminant material is particularly useful as a capacitive dielectric layer within a capacitive device within a microelectronic fabrication.

A masked, conformal electrodeposition process for copper metallization of integrated circuits. The process is considerably less complex than other metallization processes utilizing electrodeposition, and provides excellent step coverage for sub-micron contact openings. Full-step coverage has been obtained with the process for contact openings as small as 0.5 microns in diameter. The process begins with the blanket sputter or LPCVD deposition of a thin conductive barrier layer of a material such as titanium nitride, titanium-tungsten or nitrided titanium-tungsten. A photoresist reverse image of the maskwork that normally would be used to etch the metallization pattern on the circuitry is created on the wafer on top of the barrier layer. As an option, the reverse image of the desired metallization pattern may be created by etching a dielectric material layer such as silicon dioxide or silicon nitride, using a photoresist reverse image as a template. The wafer is then transferred to an electrolytic bath,

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Alginate-Graphene Oxide Biocomposite Sorbent for Rapid and Selective Extraction of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Using Micro-Solid Phase Extraction

Tenth Quarterly Report - AESF Research Project #R-117. This NASF-AESF Foundation research project report covers the tenth quarter of project work (April-June 2015). In this period, Graduate student Avinash Kola has continued work on the influence of deposition conditions on the properties of the Ni-W alloys.

A water soluble copolymer of acrylamide and 4-vinylpyridine complexed with [Os(bpy)2Cl]+/2+ (bpy = 2,2-bipyridine), was synthesized. An electrodeposition method of making redox polymer films on electrodes was developed. This method was also shown to be effective in incorporating enzymes and amine-terminated DNA sequences in the redox polymer film. A 38-base DNA sequence was detected at 20 pM concentration in 15-35 μL droplets by an electrochemical enzyme-amplified sandwich-type assay on a mass-manufacturable screen printed carbon electrode with a diameter of 3.5 mm. A DNA-capturing oligonucleotide was attached to the pre-deposited redox polymer film using the electrodeposition method. The electrode was exposed to the droplet containing the tested DNA sample, and was then treated with a droplet containing horseradish peroxidase-labeled detection sequence. Formation of the capture-target-detection sandwich brought the horseradish peroxidase-label of the detection sequence in electrical contact ...

Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted considerable research interest due to their applications in many areas including electrochemistry, catalysis, energy storage, and lubrication.1-5 For these applications, the structure of the IL/solid interface, where adsorption, charge transfer and mass transfer processes occur, plays an important role in determining performance. ILs are commonly defined as materials that are composed of organic cations and organic (or inorganic) anions that melt below 100 °C. ILs possess a wide electrochemical window, good ionic conductivity, thermal stability, and good solubility for many inorganic salts. Furthermore, these properties can be tuned by changing the ILs chemical structure and therefore ILs can be strategically designed for specific applications. However, the development of different technologies for industrial electrochemical applications is not straightforward without understanding the IL/solid interfacial structure and the spatial distribution of ...

Mechanical stability and coating characteristics of structurally cation-active, film-forming latex, especially useful in electrodeposition coatings can be improved by the addition of small stabilizing amounts of linear cationic amine-modified epoxy resin having tertiary amine functionality and base number in the range of 30-500. Such stabilized latex remain substantially non-agglomerated even after being subjected to pumping and shear. The improved latex and process circumvent the purification steps, i.e. ion exchange and also ultrafiltration, often required treatments to render latex compositions suitable for electrodeposition coatings. The thickness of the film electrodeposited on the metal can be controlled by proper selection of the stabilizer amount and/or system voltage.

Electrodeposition is an excellent method for producing metallic films and nanowires in porous membranes. Magnetic fields and field gradients have surprising effects on the nucleation, morphology, reaction kinetics and rate of electrodeposition.

Close The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the users device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the users data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser. ...

Disposal of lead laden cupels is proving problematic to mining and metallurgical companies due to environmental and health issues. In this study the optimization of operation parameters for the electrode position of lead metal from acetic acid leachant was carried out. The effects of voltage, temperature, concentration, size of electrode and the effect of the space between the electrodes were investigated. Acetic acid (10%) was used as a leachant in the optimization process. The optimum voltage was found to be 6 V, with the best operating temperature of 20°C. The amount of lead deposited increased with increase in concentration of the lead in solution up to an optimum concentration of 2271.1 ppm. However the extraction efficiencies tended to decrease with increase in concentration. The optimum inter-electrode distance was observed to be 4 cm with 0.5 cm radius electrodes that gave the largest extraction efficiency (70.9%). Acetic acid (10%) was preferred as a leachant compared to EDTA (0.1

The deposition of copper on Pt(111) has been studied in the underpotential (UPD) and overpotential (OPD) regions using cyclic voltammetry in the presence of organic co-adsorbates including pyridine, pyrazine, 2,2-bipyridine, 4,4-bipyridine, 4-phenylpyridine, 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene dissolved in either 0.5 M H2SO4 or water. Adsorbates bind primarily through a ring nitrogen atom, delaying both UPD and OPD processes according to the bond strength of the adsorbed layer. These adsorbates also show a significant pH dependence due to protonation of the binding nitrogen atom. Their behavior has been compared in neutral and acid media, taking into account packing density, molecular footprints, adsorbed layer thickness, ability to form complexes with copper ions, and adsorption strength.

Close The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the users device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the users data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser. ...

Google Chrome is the most widely used web browser on the Internet. It is a cross-platform browser which can run on multiple Operating Systems like Windows, Linux, macOS, Android, and iOS.. TIP: If you are looking for an alternative to Chrome, you may try out the Firefox browser. Chrome can also be downloaded and installed automatically silent installation.. For this, you can use automatic installation services. My personal favorite is ninite. For automatic download and installation of Chrome, download the executable below and it will automatically do the job for you.. Download Ninite Chrome installer. If you are using Windows 10, you can run the following command in PowerShell to download the latest version of Chrome without using a web browser:.. Download : Google Chrome web installer. Download : Google Chrome offline installer. Chrome Beta is for public testing.. It can be used for testing new features. This version provides risk-free testing as the testing is only done at a small scale. ...

Smart Materials: Electrical Conductivity of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene)-Poly(Styrenesulfonate) Coatings on Polyacrylonitrile Nanofibers for Sensor Applications

1968-1973 Chrome Cal-Look with Light Cutouts in Bumper.. When only the best OE style restoration quality Volkswagen Bumpers will do, turn to Mid America Motorworks. Our VW Beetle & Super Beetle Front Bumpers are truly stunning. The Cal-Look front bumper comes with light cutouts.. TECH TIP: With any chrome plating (wheels, bumpers, etc.) we always recommend that after every car wash, you take a little extra time while waxing to also do your chrome accessories. This will ensure long life and beauty of the chrome for the life of your car! ...

Page contains details about platelet-derived growth factor-modified graphene oxide-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposite on gold . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

Oxidative polycondensation of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and (-)-myrtenal was carried out with POCl3. A p-conjugated system thus constructed consists of aromatic and quinoidal alternating structure linked via methine groups. We examined iodine doping effect for the resultant material with electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Circular dichroism spectra in chloroform solution showed blue-shift with increase of iodine concentration. This result indicates that the doping process can tune chiroptical activity of the chiral π-conjugated system.

The invention relates to a method of improving control over the dimensions of a patterned photoresist, which enables better control of the critical dimensions of a photomask or reticle which is fabricated using the patterned photoresist. In addition, the method may be used to enable improved control over the dimensions of a semiconductor device fabricated using a patterned photoresist. In particular, a patterned photoresist is treated with an etchant plasma to reshape the surface of the patterned photoresist, where reshaping includes the removal of

Roches Diabetes Care has signed a deal with implantable glucose sensor company Senseonics to sell its Eversense Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Germany, Italy and the Netherlands. The deal comes just after a CE mark for the system earlier this month.

As Chromebooks-portable computers based on Googles Chrome OS platform-continue to carve out a healthy niche for themselves, there are strong signs that we are soon going to see Chrome OS tablets. This, of course, has been in the rumor mill for some time. Last October, I reported on a developer-focused version of Chrome OS that included an on-screen keyboard, which of course would be ideal for use on a tablet. Now, the Chrome OS team has confirmed that the latest Stable Channel version of Chrome OS has such a keyboard, and its likely well see tablets based on Googles operating system soon.. Francis Beaufort went so far as to supply a screenshot of a Chrome OS tablet, found here. And, in a post from the Chrome OS team, the new on-screen keyboard is confirmed.. ...

Sulfur Nanoparticles/ Nanopowder (S, 99.99%, |55nm) , Sulfur ( S ) Nanopowder General Description A light yellow powder composed of sulfur particles with diameters smaller than 55nm, this material is widely used across a variety of industry, with applications ranging from livestock food additive to rubber curing. Like many nanoparticles, it has been researched extensively in recent years for additional uses and potential. Sulfur ( S ) Nanopowder Applications Pesticide applications: Nano-sulfur works quite well as a general pesticide and insecticide when applied as a protective coating. Rubber production applications: The rubber industry has made extensive use of sulfur nanoparticles as a curing agent and as an effective adhesion promoter. Preservative applications: In addition to the benefits it offers as a safe pesticide and insecticide, sulfur nanoparticles can be used to prevent the growth of mold and as a general antibacterial coating, greatly enhancing the overall shelf-life of flowers, plants

Solar cell, gel electrolyte, spacers for batteries and solar cells, ceramifiable fire resistant materials, waste water treatment, gas separation, membrane distillation, polymer technology, polymer characterisation, antibacterial coatings, dirt-resistance coatings. ...

ANTIBACTERIAL TABLE COVERS WITH CUSTOM PRINTING These custom tablecloths provide everything you love about our other custom polyester and spandex table covers with the additional bonus of an antibacterial coating into the fabric. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS Q: Can I pick a custom background color instead of your stock c

Biofilms Nanomechanics of pH-Responsive, Drug-loaded Bi-Layer Polymer Grafts Stimuli-responsive polymer films play an important role in the development of smart antibacterial coatings. In this study, we consider complementary architectures of polyelectrolyte films including a thin chitosan layer (CH), poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) brushes and a bilayer structure of CH grafted to PAA brushes (CH/PAA) as…

The electrodeposition of FeNi alloy films was performed galvanostatically in the sulfate solution (Fe2+/Ni2+ mass ratio 1:2) in order investigate their co-deposition mechanism. The FeNi layers were deposited at variable substrates (copper, brass, silver) under the same chemical (electrolyte composition) and electric plating (current density value) conditions. After applying various time, substrates and external magnetic field orientation, the quality of the obtained film was examined. The surface morphology and crystallographic texture variation were investigated by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) and Laser Confocal Scanning Microscope (LCSM). The anomalous co-deposition of iron group metals is evidently dependent on the substrate.

Read Electrodeposition of cadmium telluride from electrolytes based on ethylene glycol, Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Organic solvent dispersion of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with the use of polymeric ionic liquid. AU - Kim, Tae Young. AU - Lee, Tae Hee. AU - Kim, Jonc Eun. AU - Kasi, Rajeswari M.. AU - Sung, Chong S.P.. AU - Suh, Kwang S.. PY - 2008/10/15. Y1 - 2008/10/15. N2 - A nonaqueous dispersion of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was prepared with the use of polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) as a polymerization template and phase transfer medium. A detailed investigation was performed to understand the role of PIL in the course of polymerization and phase transfer reaction. On the basis of our findings from X-ray photoelectric spectroscopy (XPS), we propose a mechanism by which the PIL leads to the nanostructured PEDOT colloids in various organic solvents and thus facilitating smoother surface morphologies of the PEDOT-PIL films. In addition, the enhancement of charge transport was observed for PEDOT-PIL complex when compared with PEDOT without PIL. Raman spectroscopy indicates ...

Global Biocomposite Materials Market Professional Survey Report 2017 is a market research report available at US $3500 for a Single User PDF License from RnR Market Research Reports Library.

0089]Thus, the reader will see that this invention provides a method of rework/rebuild and an article of that method that provides many benefits. A nanocrystalline and/or amorphous metal coating for rework/rebuild provides: high strength and hardness, high corrosion resistance, high wear and abrasion resistance, thicknesses of at least 200 μm, improved environmental impact or worker safety as compared with prior art (e.g., when using a Ni-based, Co-based or Cu-based nanocrystalline or amorphous metal instead of hard chromium), improved cost (e.g., when using an electrodeposited nanocrystalline or amorphous coating instead of a physical vapor deposited or plasma sprayed coating), improved ability to coat geometries with internal surfaces and non-line-of-sight surfaces (e.g., when using a high throwing-power electrodeposition process for a nanocrystalline or amorphous Ni-based alloy, as compared with a line-of-sight process such as plasma spray coating or a lower throwing-power electrodeposition ...

Both thin films and nanowires of silver selenide were synthesized by electrodeposition from an aqueous acid electrolyte containing silver ion complexed with SCN- and selenium dioxide at room temperature. Orthorhombic Ag2Se films with Ag slightly in excess were obtained. After annealing in argon atmosphere, the films are highly (002) oriented. A positive transverse magnetoresistance of about 20-25% at T = 5 K, and 10-13% at T = 300 K, in fields of H=50 kOe were observed in the electrodeposited films. Furthermore, silver selenide nanowires were synthesized from the same aqueous system by electrodeposition in porous anodic alumina templates. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Energy dispersive absorption X-ray (EDAX) characterization results showed that the nanowires are highly crystalline with (002) growth direction after annealing. In addition, the atomic ratio of Ag/Se in the films and the nanowire samples can be controlled from about 3.0 to 2.1 by adjusting the ...

In this study we used KOH-modified Ni electrodes (films and nanowires) for the electro-oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO), which are promising to be used as effective electrochemical receptor element. Ni films were deposited on Au substrates by the electro-deposition from acidic and neutral NiSO4-based solutions with subsequent modification in 1 M KOH. From the SEM results we found out that pH of Ni2+ solution affects the morphology of the deposited films. Under acidic conditions homogeneous Ni film was formed, but under neutral conditions porous Ni film was deposited. Ni nanowires (200 nm diameter, 1 μm length) were prepared with template-assisted electrodeposition into alumina templates. After the electrodeposition of the nanowires, the template was removed in 10 M solution of NaOH in order to get free standing wires. The modification step with KOH is very important for the further investigations of HCHO oxidation, because NiO(OH)/Ni(OH)2 redox couple exhibits high catalytic activity towards HCHO.

The present invention provides a copper plating solution for embedding fine wiring, wherein it contains copper sulfate at 100 to 300 g/L as copper sulfate pentahydrate, sulfuric acid at 5 to 300 g/L, chlorine at 20 to 200 mg/L, a macromolecular surfactant at 0.05 to 20 g/L for controlling the electrodeposition reaction, sulfur-based saturated organic compound at 1 to 100 mg/L for accelerating the electrodeposition reaction, leveling agent composed of a macromolecular amine compound at 0.01 to 10 mg/L and reductant at 0.025 to 25 g/L for stabilizing the copper plating solution. The copper plating solution of the present invention for embedding fine wiring can plate the wafer surface provided with fine wiring patterns with sub-micron order gaps in-between and coated with copper serving as the metallic seed film, to fill the gaps neither leaving any defect therein nor dissolving the metallic seed film.

Tin selenide (SnSe) thin films have been prepared using various methods such as electrodeposition, chemical precipitation, thermal evaporation and chemical bath deposition. The variation in the deposition process produced thin films exhibiting various characteristics. The films have been characterised using x-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive analysis of x-ray (EDX) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photoactivity of the films were evaluated using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) in the presence of K4Fe(CN)6/K3Fe(CN)6 redox system. The band gap energy and transition type was determined from optical absorbance data obtained using UV-VIS spectrophotometry technique. The electrodeposition process was carried out by varying deposition potentials, solution temperature, solution concentrations and deposition time. The films prepared were found to be polycrystalline in nature. XRD studies confirmed the formation of orthorhombic SnSe phase with ...

In comparison to current hydrogen sensors, which are rigid and use expensive, pure palladium, Argonnes new sensors are flexible and use single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) as supports to improve efficiency and reduce ...

NiFe films were pulse electrodeposited on conductive copper substrates under galvanostatic mode with and without the presence of an ultrasonic field at different pulse current magnitudes and duty cycles. The optimum deposition condition was found to be at a current magnitude of 40 mA and a duty cycle of 50.00% under ultrasonic treatment. This deposition condition has significantly reduced the surface roughness from 39.01 ±1.1 nm to 6.96 ±1.1 nm and the spherical grain size in the range from 579.40 nm - 623.30 nm to 29.00 nm - 46.90 nm. On the other hand, the resistivity was reduced to 19.86 µωcm from 54.00 µωcm as the Ni content increased from 76.08% to 80.12 % for achieving good stoichiometry for NiFe thin films. Through the optimization study, the deposition current is observed to be the dominant factor in determining the single phase deposition of NiFe film whereas ultrasonic field and duty cycle significantly reduces the surface roughness and the spherical grain size, all of which ...

In order to make material design processes more efficient in the future, the underlying multidimensional process parameter spaces must be systematically explored using digitalisation techniques such as machine learning (ML) and digital simulation. In this paper we shortly review essential … Continue reading →

Two different methods were used to obtain polypyrrole/AuNP (Ppy/AuNP) composites. One through the electrooxidation of the pyrrole monomer in the presence of colloidal gold nanoparticles, referred to as trapping method (T), and the second one by electrodeposition of both components from one solution containing the monomer and a gold salt, referred to as cogeneration method (C). In both cases, electrodeposition was carried out through galvanostatic and potentiostatic methods and using platinum (Pt) or stainless steel (SS) as substrates. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated that in all cases gold nanoparticles of similar size were uniformly dispersed in the Ppy matrix. The amount of AuNPs incorporated in the Ppy films was higher when electropolymerization was carried out by chronopotentiometry (CP). Besides, cogeneration method allowed for the incorporation of a higher number of AuNPs than trapping. Impedance experiments demonstrated that the insertion of AuNPs increased the ...

CeramTec offers porous galvanic diaphragm cells and plates for the diaphragm process in galvanic baths - in chrome plating for instance. This is a process chiefly used in electrolysis and redox reactions (in galvanic elements) and is based on the separation of both electrodes and their ion solutions by a porous wall, the diaphragm.. CeramTec manufactures the cells and tubes from the special porous alumina material P80, which is only available from CeramTec. The use of ceramic diaphragm cells and plates in chrome plating helps avoid metal impurities, the oxidation of Cr3+ and pre-treating rinsing water, resulting in improved quality and process speed.. ...

Looking for online definition of AGX1 in the Medical Dictionary? AGX1 explanation free. What is AGX1? Meaning of AGX1 medical term. What does AGX1 mean?

Solid-contact (SC) ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) utilizing thin films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and plasticized poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) have been produced using a spin casting procedure. This study was carried out with a view of characterizing this popular and well known SC ISE using a series of complementary surface analysis techniques. This work revealed that PEDOT:PSS prevents the separation of an undesirable water layer at the buried interface of this SC ISE due to the high miscibility of water in the hydrophilic PEDOT:PSS layer. The lack of a clearly defined and molecularly sharp buried interface prohibits the formation of a distinct water layer presumably by eliminating sites that promote the accumulation of water. This outcome is important to the chemical sensor community since it provides further insights into the compatibility of sensor components in SC ISEs.. ...

Page contains details about poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)/oleic acid-stabilized Fe3O4 nanoparticles multilayers . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

In October 2016, a total of 400,000 tons of high-carbon ferro-chrome was produced in China. Approximately 2.3 tons of chrome ore are consumed for the production of 1 tonne high carbon ferrochrome. In October, around 920 thousand tons of chrome ore was used only for high carbon ferrochrome production. It is estimated that about 80 tons of low and micro carbon ferrochrome production (about 1.5 tons of chrome mine is used for 1 ton production in low and micro carbon production). So consumption of about 1 million tons of chrome ore per month.. It is estimated that China consumed 8.1 million tons of chrome ore between January and October 2016. In this case, Chinas chrome inventories need to be examined to understand why prices are rising. It is estimated that there are about 1.2 million tons of chromium ore in the main ports of China on October 21st. This figure dropped to 950 thousand tons on 28 October. There is a drop in about 20% stocks in 7 days.. In China, 1 million tons per month is thought ...

With XO FLEX you maximize protection against cross-contamination. You manage all unit and chair functions hands free with the foot control. Everything touched by you and the dental assistant during the treatment can be detached and disinfected or autoclaved. All surfaces are smooth and easy to clean, and the metal parts of the unit feature an innovative antibacterial coating.. Securing water and suction ...

Background Aluminum-made settings are widely used in healthcare, schools, public facilities and transit systems. Frequently-touched surfaces of those settings are likely to harbour bacteria and be a...

Chrome Grinding Ball Mill Supplier In Canada. Ball mill wheelhub high chrome ball mill.Hi chrome liners for ball mill.Chrome liner for ball mill ball mill high chrome liners houstonmiddlepta ball mill liners in hi chrome get price and support online ball mill a ball mill is a type of grinder used to grind and blend materials for use in mineral dressing the grinding media is the balls which may .... ...

Cellulosic Pulp Fiber as Reinforcement Materials in Seaweed-Based Film. H. P. S. Abdul Khalil,a,* Ying Ying Tye,a Su Ting Chow,a Chaturbhuj K. Saurabh,a Paridah Md. Tahir,b Rudi Dungani,c and Muhammad Izzuddin Syakir a,d. Composite materials made from renewable resources can minimize the environmental pollution. In this work, biocomposite films were produced using seaweed as matrix and empty fruit bunch (EFB) pulp fibers as reinforcement. Based on the results, the EFB pulp-seaweed composite films exhibited better mechanical properties than the seaweed film. It was also observed that 50% EFB pulp loading gave the highest tensile strength (81.4 MPa) and elongation at break (5.4%). This phenomenon was supported by SEM analysis, in which more fiber breakage than fiber pull-out was observed on the tensile fracture surface of composite film. Additionally, no agglomeration of the pulp fibers was observed. Instead, the pulp fibers were homogenously distributed throughout the film. In contrast, the ...

Use Daily Charmes Holographic Pink Unicorn Chrome Powder to create holo chrome nails. This pink chrome pigment will give any nail a true holographic finish. Works best with gel polishes. Used by nail techs & nail salons worldwide! Instructions: Apply base color (optional). Apply a layer of Daily Charme Chrome Effect Gel, or other brand non-wipe gel topcoat. Use a sponge tipped eyeshadow applicator, make up sponge or a silicone brush to buff a thin layer of pigment onto nail surface. Brush off excess powders off the nail Apply a layer of Daily Charme 5-in-1 Strengthening Gel, or other brand builder/hard gel to prevent chipping (optional) Seal with gel top coat. Must be used over no-wipe gel topcoat and sealed with gel top coat. Best used with the Daily Charme Chrome Effect Gel .

CHROME AIR MANIFOLDS 8 ADJUSTABLE OUTLETS - 3/8 inch ID INLET - 3/16 inch ID OUTLET CHROME AIR MANIFOLDS 8 ADJUSTABLE OUTLETS - 3/8 inch ID INLET - 3/16 inch ID OUTLET (728470) Chrome Air Manifolds High quality chrome air manifolds. Each outlet has individually controlled valves. Manufacturers Product Information MSRP $ 8.99 CHROME AIR MANIFOLDS 8 ADJUSTABLE OUTLETS - 3/8 inch ID INLET - 3/16 inch ID OUTLET [728470] - Aeration - Pumps, Irrigation & Watering Supplies - Gardening & Hydroponics Store -

Chrome Ore Beneficiation Processing Just like some other mining ore crushing process, such as the iron ore beneficiation plants, chrome ore beneficiation plants usually consist of three processing stages, too. The first stage of chrome ore beneficiation plants is the crushing process. Shanghai Zenith Company offer series of crusher for customers. > Beneficiation operations typically serve to separate and concentrate mineral values from waste materials, remove the impurities or prepare the ore for further refinement. Chromite ore is beneficiated for processing using several methods, depending on the ore source and the end use requirements. Coarse clean ore is hand sorted, while the fine clean ore is gravity separated. Equipment for chrome crushing Firstly, the chrome ores are crushed with an jaw crusher for primary crushing, then crushed chromite ores materials are crushed with an impact crusher ore cone crusher. PE jaw crusher of Uzbekistan crusher manufacturers pressure resistance strength is ...

Henry Aiseye Wins 5th Chrome Tennis Classic : ANAMBRA STATE, August 5, 2012 - The 5th Chrome Tennis Classic was held on August 5, 2012 at the Chrome Hard Court Oraifite in Anambra State of Nigeria. The tennis tournament saw Nigerias numbers two Henry Aiseye defeating number 1 Babalola, to emerge the champion at the singles tournament. Austine ... Oil Production News and Press Releases for Chrome Group Nigeria, Africa

The human genome encodes thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), the majority of which are poorly conserved and uncharacterized. Here we identify a primate-specific lncRNA (CHROME), elevated in the plasma and atherosclerotic plaques of individuals with coronary artery disease, that regulates cellular andsystemic cholesterol homeostasis. LncRNA CHROME expression is influenced by dietary and cellular cholesterol via the sterol-activated liver X receptor transcription factors, which control genes mediating responses to cholesterol overload. Using gain- and loss-of-function approaches, we show that CHROME promotes cholesterol efflux and HDL biogenesis by curbing the actions of a set of functionally related microRNAs that repress genes in those pathways. CHROME knockdown in human hepatocytes and macrophages increases levels of miR-27b, miR-33a, miR-33b and miR-128, thereby reducing expression of their overlapping target gene networks and associated biologic functions. In particular, cells lacking CHROME

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And now, Chrome OS is a better option than ever before thanks to the addition of Android app support.. DONT MISS: New free tool lets you send Gmail attachments that self-destruct. Google confirmed back in May that it intended to bring the Google Play store and support for Android apps to Chrome computers, and now its finally happening. Googles François Beaufort has posted on Google+ (via Engadget) to let people know that the Play Store is currently rolling out to the Asus Flip Chromebook, with support for additional models coming soon.. What does that mean for users? It means that in the blink of an eye, their machines will gain access to more than a million Android apps available in the Play store. One of Chromes biggest barriers has always been a lack of apps, and now that barrier has been overcome in a big way. Whats more, developers will start to build apps with Chrome in mind, potentially opening the door for a whole new class of Android app.. Wondering if your Chrome OS computer will ...

Chromium occurs naturally in rocks, animals, plants, and soil. It can exist in several different forms. Depending on the form it takes, it can be a liquid, solid, or gas. The form of chromium of most concern from a health perspective is chromium(VI), also called hexavalent chromium. Inhalation of hexavalent chromium at high levels can damage the respiratory system and cause cancer. Other forms of chromium are chromium(0) and chromium(III). Chromium(0) is the metal form of chromium. It is used in steel manufacturing. Hexavalent chromium and chromium(III) are used for chrome plating, dyes and pigments, leather tanning, and wood preserving. Chromium(III) is an essential nutrient that helps the body use sugar, protein, and fat. Exposure to chromium occurs from ingesting contaminated food or drinking water or breathing contaminated air. It is odorless and tasteless. Air emissions of chromium are predominantly of chromium(III), and in the form of small particles or aerosols. The largest industrial ...

A method and apparatus for measuring the concentration of mobile ions in the oxide layer of a semiconductor wafer from the contact potential shift caused by ion drift across the oxide that includes depositing charge (e.g., using a corona discharge device) on the surface of the oxide and heating the wafer to allow mobile ions in the oxide (especially Na.sup.+) to drift. The difference in the contact potential measured before and after heating provides an indication of the mobile ion concentration in the oxide layer.

Acknowledgements. Preface.. Editorial.. Contributors.. 1 Ionic Liquids in the Temperature Range 150-1500 K: Patterns and Problems (C.Austin Angell).. 2 Conductivities of Ionic Liquid Mixtures with Organic Electrolyte Solutions (D. Bansal, F. Croce, J. Swank and M. Salomon).. 3 How Hydrophilic Ionic Liquids Behave in Aqueous Solutions (Marijana Blesic, Kenneth R. Seddon, Natalia V. Plechkova, Nimal Gunaratne, António. Lopes and Luís Paulo N. Rebelo).. 4 Mass Spectrometry Studies on Ionic Liquids Aggregates (R. Lopes da Silva, I. M. Marrucho, J. A. P. Coutinho and Ana M. Fernandes).. 5 Study of the Sm-Al Alloys Formation in the Molten LiCl-KCl Eutectic (G. De Córdoba and C. Caravaca).. 6 Alumina Solubility and Electrical Conductivity in Potassium Cryolites with Low Cryolite Ratio (Alexander Dedyukhin, Alexei Apisarov, Olga Tkatcheva, Yurii Zaikov and Alexander Redkin).. 7 Ionic Liquids as Solvents for the Variable Temperature Electrodeposition of Metals and Semiconductors: A Short Introduction ...

In view of the strong growth anticipated in the coming decades, the aeronautics industry is working to develop promising technologies that reduce its impact on the environment.. High-performance composites have become one of the keys to reducing aircraft weight and thus reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. The sector has also explored the development of biocomposites that use natural fibres as reinforcement and resins from renewable sources.. Despite all the advantages of these high-performance composites, no efficient solutions have been found for end-of-life management when they become waste. The wide range of different types of parts and the fact that they are thermoset make it difficult to recover them. This is more pronounced in the case of biocomposites, a new material, which, unlike conventional composites, does not contain carbon fibres with a high market value.. Aimplas, the Plastics Technology Centre, is coordinating the European ELIOT project with the aim ...

Electroplating is the operation of a metal coating to a metallic or other conducting surface by an electrochemical process. The phrase is also used for electrical oxidation of anions onto a solid substrate. Electroplating is chiefly used to convert the surface properties of an object e.g. abrasion and wear resistance, corrosion protection, lubricity, aesthetic qualities, etc., but may also be applied to build up thickness on undersized parts or to form objects by electroforming. Electrodeposition is the function of metallic coatings to metallic or other conductive surfaces by electrochemical processes. A coating is a covering that is applied to the surface of an object; usually indicate to as the substrate. The aspiration of applying the coating may be decorative, functional, or both. The coating itself may be an all-over coating, fully covering the substrate, or it may only cover parts of the substrate pulse-electroplating can be commonly defined as metal deposition of pulsed electrolysis. ...

Ionic liquids are room-temperature molten salts, composed mostly of organic ions that may undergo almost unlimited structural variations. This review covers the newest aspects of ionic liquids in applications where their ion conductivity is exploited; as electrochemical solvents for metal/semiconductor electrodeposition, and as batteries and fuel cells where conventional media, organic solvents (in batteries) or water (in polymer-electrolyte-membrane fuel cells), fail. Biology and biomimetic processes in ionic liquids are also discussed. In these decidedly different materials, some enzymes show activity that is not exhibited in more traditional systems, creating huge potential for bioinspired catalysis and biofuel cells. Our goal in this review is to survey the recent key developments and issues within ionic-liquid research in these areas. As well as informing materials scientists, we hope to generate interest in the wider community and encourage others to make use of ionic liquids in tackling

Radha, AV and Shivakumara, C and Kamath, PV (2005) DIFFaX simulations of stacking faults in layered double hydroxides (LDHs). In: Clays and Clay Minerals, 53 (5). pp. 520-527. Ramesh, TN and Kamath, PV and Shivakumara, C (2005) Correlation of structural disorder with the reversible discharge capacity of nickel hydroxide electrode. In: Journal of the Electrochemical Society, 152 (4). A806-A810. Dinamani, M and Kamath, PV and Seshadri, Ram (2003) Electrodeposition of $BaCO_{3}$ coatings on stainless steel substrates. In: Crystal Growth & Design, 3 (3). pp. 417-423. Dinamani, M and Kamath, PV and Seshadri, R (2002) Electrochemical synthesis of calcium carbonate coatings on stainless steel substrates. In: Materials Research Bulletin, 37 (4). pp. 661-669. Ramesh, TN and Jayashree, RS and Kamath, PV and Rodrigues, S and Shukla, AK (2002) Effect of lightweight supports on specific discharge capacity of beta-nickel hydroxide. In: Journal of Power Sources, 104 (2). pp. 295-298. Dixit, M and Kamath, PV ...

Otrzymywanie, mikrostruktura i odporność na korozję kompozytowych powłok ${TiO_{2}/Ni}$ elektroosadzanych na stali X2CrNiMo17-12-2 - Electrodeposition, microstructure and corrosion resistance of composite ${TiO_{2}/Ni}$ coatings on X2CrNiMo17-12-2 steel / P. LEDWIG, B. DUBIEL // W: XLIV Szkoła Inżynierii Materiałowej : Kraków-Rytro, 27-30 IX 2016 : monografia / pod red. Jerzego Pacyny ; Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki Przemysłowej. - Kraków : Wydawnictwo Naukowe AKAPIT, 2016. - Na okł. dod.: XLIV Prace Szkoły Inżynierii Materiałowej. - Opis częśc. wg okł.. - ISBN: 978-83-63663-73-5. - S. 155-159. - Bibliogr. s. 159, Streszcz., Abstr. ...

Electrowinning, also called electroextraction, is the electrodeposition of metals from their ores that have been put in solution via a process commonly referred to as leaching. Electrorefining uses a similar process to remove impurities from a metal. Both processes use electroplating on a large scale and are important techniques for the economical and straightforward purification of non-ferrous metals. The resulting metals are said to be electrowon. In electrowinning, a current is passed from an inert anode through a liquid leach solution containing the metal so that the metal is extracted as it is deposited in an electroplating process onto the cathode. In electrorefining, the anodes consist of unrefined impure metal, and as the current passes through the acidic electrolyte the anodes are corroded into the solution so that the electroplating process deposits refined pure metal onto the cathodes. Electrowinning is the oldest industrial electrolytic process. The English chemist Humphry Davy ...

The electrodeposition of bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) with incorporated silica nanoparticles (diameter = 16 nm) was studied in ethylene glycol using a rotating disk electrode. By matching the refractive index of the silica nanoparticles to the refractive index of the electrolyte i.e. refractive index matching, the attractive van der Waals force between particles was minimized. Refractive index matching was used to avoid agglomeration of the silica particles in solution due to the attractive van der Waals forces and resulted in Bi2Te3 coatings that contain up to 8 vol% of individual silica particles as verified by TEM. The concentration of the incorporated silica nanoparticles was found to be influenced by several parameters: the applied current density, rotation speeds and silica concentration in the electrolyte. A model was developed to predict the amount of incorporated particles. The effect of each parameter was predicted by this model and verified experimentally. The Seebeck coefficient and ...

IPC-4562 defines three classes of copper roughness: standard, low profile and very low profile. But the foil manufacturing industry has gone far beyond these definitions, with ultra-low profile and almost no profile copper foils becoming available. Thomas Devahif, from the R&D department of Circuit Foil in Luxembourg, described the development of these foils for use in very low loss material. Because the roughness of very low profile foil was around 3.0 microns, loss became significant at frequencies close to 1 GHz. It was necessary for roughness to be less than 1.25 microns to achieve acceptable results at frequencies above 20 GHz. This had now been achieved whilst maintaining good adhesion to low-loss resins. Devahif explained how the use of organic additives in the copper sulphate plating electrolyte had resulted in much smoother deposits. The drum-side surface quality of the foil had been further enhanced by an improved technique for polishing the titanium electrodeposition drum, ...

IPC-4562 defines three classes of copper roughness: standard, low profile and very low profile. But the foil manufacturing industry has gone far beyond these definitions, with ultra-low profile and almost no profile copper foils becoming available. Thomas Devahif, from the R&D department of Circuit Foil in Luxembourg, described the development of these foils for use in very low loss material. Because the roughness of very low profile foil was around 3.0 microns, loss became significant at frequencies close to 1 GHz. It was necessary for roughness to be less than 1.25 microns to achieve acceptable results at frequencies above 20 GHz. This had now been achieved whilst maintaining good adhesion to low-loss resins. Devahif explained how the use of organic additives in the copper sulphate plating electrolyte had resulted in much smoother deposits. The drum-side surface quality of the foil had been further enhanced by an improved technique for polishing the titanium electrodeposition drum, ...

This article is from Nanoscale Research Letters, volume 6.AbstractA novel Co/InP magnetic semiconductor nanocomposite was fabricated by electrodeposition...

Vertically aligned CdTe nanorods were fabricated by electrodeposition and were applied for the active layer of solar cells after being combined with poly(3

Alloys, Cathode, Cathode Ray, Cathode Ray Tubes, Electrodeposition, Electron, Electron Microscopy, Fluorescence, Microscopy, PH, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Solutions, X-ray

José Fernandes recently joined INL as a Cleanroom Research Engineer in the Micro- and Nanofabrication Department. Among his various responsibilities, José will focus is abilities in Electrodeposition processes and wet processes. José, is a Biomedical Engineer, completed with a Masters specialized in Medical Electronics, with a spectrophotometry device for blood typing. Due to his ongoing interest in micro and nanotechnologies, José started is PhD in University of Minho in the MEMS group, developing the microfabrication processes in collaboration with INL which is focused on the fabrication of 3D self-folding structures on top of silicon wafers.. ...

• JOB: 28 Jul - Job description A fully funded 1-year postdoctoral position is available with Prof. Jon Ustarroz at the Chemistry of Surfaces, Interfaces and Nanomaterials (ChemSIN), at the Faculty of Sciences of the Universit Libre de . The project - EDNANO aims at resolving the electrochemical nucleation and growth of . Electrodeposition offers the most versatile and scalable route for mat