DIGITAL.CSIC: Steam electrolysis using a microtubular solid oxide fuel cell
Reversible operation of a microtubular solid oxide fuel cell SOFC with high electrochemical efficiency is reported. These devices can ideally produce hydrogen from electricity and steam solid oxide electrolyser SOE and then use the stored hydrogen to generate electricity and heat SOFC, acting as a storage device for the electrical energy. A fuel-electrode-supported Ni-yttriastabilized zirconia YSZ/YSZ/La0.8Sr0.2 0.98MnO3 cell, 2.4 mm in diameter and 20m of electrolyte thickness, was evaluated in an electrolysis mode as a function of the steam concentration supplied to the Ni/YSZ electrode. A good cell performance was obtained at temperatures as high as 950°C for the electrolysis operation. At 850°C, the cell withstood current densities of −1 A/cm2 at 1.3 V with steam utilization of 16.5%. The production of hydrogen in the electrolyzer was tested by mass spectrometry. Their performance, especially in the SOE mode, is very promising for high temperature electrolysis applications. ...
Dye-sensitized solar cell, dye-sensitized solar cell module, and coating liquid for forming electrolyte layer - Patent #...
An object of the present invention is to provide a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a solid electrolyte and having excellent thermostability, which has the excellent feature of retaining liquid so as to prevent an electrolyte solution from being exuded even under high temperature or pressurized conditions, and a dye-sensitized solar cell module using the same. Such dye-sensitized solar cell comprises: an electrode base material 10; a porous semiconductor layer 20 formed on the electrode base material 10 having a porous surface carrying a sensitized dye; a counter electrode 40, which is disposed so as to face the porous semiconductor layer 20; and an electrolyte layer 30 comprising a redox pair and cationic cellulose or a derivative thereof, which is formed between the electrode base material 10 and the counter electrode 40.
Transferred vertically aligned N-doped carbon nanotube arrays: Use in dye-sensitized solar cells as counter electrodes<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Transferred vertically aligned N-doped carbon nanotube arrays. T2 - Use in dye-sensitized solar cells as counter electrodes. AU - Lee, Kun Seok. AU - Lee, Won Jun. AU - Park, Nam Gyu. AU - Kim, Sang Ouk. AU - Park, Jong Hyeok. PY - 2011/3/22. Y1 - 2011/3/22. N2 - We prepared vertically aligned nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on a rigid glass substrate or flexible plastic substrate via a growth-detachment-transfer process and the vertically aligned N-doped CNT arrays are employed as counter electrodes for novel dye-sensitized solar cells.. AB - We prepared vertically aligned nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on a rigid glass substrate or flexible plastic substrate via a growth-detachment-transfer process and the vertically aligned N-doped CNT arrays are employed as counter electrodes for novel dye-sensitized solar cells.. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79955026362&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - ...
High-Performance dye-sensitized solar cells with various nanostructured materials as counter electrode
Traditionally, Pt prepared by hydrolysis was used as the counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells. But the hydrolysis requires a high-temperature process, so that it is not suitable for flexible substrates like plastics. In addition, noble Pt remarkably increases the cost of dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, we report three types of nanostuctured materials as the counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cells, including nanostrutured Pt by polyol reduction of Pt precursors, nanocomposites and nanotube films.
Liquid electrolyte based on lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide salt: Aluminum corrosion studies and lithium ion battery...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Liquid electrolyte based on lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide salt. T2 - Aluminum corrosion studies and lithium ion battery investigations. AU - Abouimrane, Ali. AU - Ding, J.. AU - Davidson, I. J.. PY - 2009/4/1. Y1 - 2009/4/1. N2 - The performance of a liquid electrolyte composed of lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide (LiSFI) in a 1:1 volume of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate is evaluated for use in lithium ion batteries. Imide salts offer the benefits of higher thermal stability and could provide a safer alternative to LiPF6 which is prone to the formation of HF. However, the most studied lithium imide salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, is well known to have a problem with corrosion of aluminum which is commonly used as the cathode current collector. Consequently, the corrosion properties of liquid electrolytes based on lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide are also investigated. Crown. AB - The performance of a liquid electrolyte composed of lithium ...
Recent Developments in Solid-State Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells - Yum - 2008 - ChemSusChem - Wiley Online Library
The dye-sensitized solar cell, developed in the 1990s, is a non-conventional solar technology that has attracted much attention owing to its stability, low cost, and device efficiency. Power-conversion efficiencies of over 11 % have been achieved for devices that contain liquid electrolytes, whereas solid-state devices that do not require a liquid electrolyte display an overall efficiency of 5 %. Improvement of the efficiency of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells requires optimization of their various components, such as the hole-transport material, sensitizer, mesoporous TiO2 film, and the blocking layer. This Minireview highlights the current state of the art and future directions of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell technology. ...
High-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells with ferrocene-based electrolytes | Nature Chemistry
Dye-sensitized solar cells based on iodide/triiodide (I−/I3−) electrolytes are viable low-cost alternatives to conventional silicon solar cells. However, as well as providing record efficiencies of up to 12.0%, the use of I−/I3− in such solar cells also brings about certain limitations that stem from its corrosive nature and complex two-electron redox chemistry. Alternative redox mediators have been investigated, but these generally fall well short of matching the performance of conventional I−/I3− electrolytes. Here, we report energy conversion efficiencies of 7.5% (simulated sunlight, AM1.5, 1,000 W m−2) for dye-sensitized solar cells combining the archetypal ferrocene/ferrocenium (Fc/Fc+) single-electron redox couple with a novel metal-free organic donor-acceptor sensitizer (Carbz-PAHTDTT). These Fc/Fc+-based devices exceed the efficiency achieved for devices prepared using I−/I3− electrolytes under comparable conditions, revealing the great potential of ferrocene-based electrolytes
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Dye-sensitized solar cells based on poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) counter electrode derived from ionic liquids
Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoporous layers were prepared with electro-oxidative polymerization using room temperature hydrophobic ionic liquids as a medium. The synthesized highly porous PEDOT films exhibit room temperature conductivity value of 195 S cm(-1) along with reproducible high cycling life. These films were used as counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells yielding similar to 8% power conversion efficiency, which is close to the classical platinum coated counter electrode (8.7%). The photovoltaic performance increases as we lower the PEDOT film thickness as the thin films has reasonably high catalytic properties.
Ahmad, Shahzada; Yum, Jun-Ho; Zhang, Xianxi; Graetzel, Michael; Butt, Hans-Juergen; Nazeeruddin, Mohammad K.
Polymer electrolytes based on grafted inorganic nanoparticles for dye-sensitized solar cells<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Polymer electrolytes based on grafted inorganic nanoparticles for dye-sensitized solar cells. AU - Park, Jung Tae. AU - Roh, Dong Kyu. AU - Ahn, Sung Hoon. AU - Kim, Jong Hak. PY - 2011/2. Y1 - 2011/2. N2 - Inorganic nanoparticles such as TiO 2 and SiO 2 were grafted with poly(oxyethylene methacrylate) (POEM) and blended with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide (MPII) and iodine (I 2O) to prepare polymer electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The effects of the grafted nanoparticles on the coordination interactions and structures of electrolytes were investigated using FT-IR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The energy conversion efficiencies were obtained as 3.3 and 2.9% for TiO 2 and SiO 2 based electrolytes, respectively. Good interfacial contact between the electrolyte and the electrodes was also confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM).. AB - Inorganic nanoparticles such as TiO 2 and ...
Incorporating Multiple Energy Relay Dyes in Liquid Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Panchromatic response is essential to increase the light-harvesting efficiency in solar conversion systems. Herein we show increased light harvesting from using multiple energy relay dyes inside dye-sensitized solar cells. Additional photoresponse from 400-590 nm matching the optical window of the zinc phthalocyanine sensitizer was observed due to Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from the two energy relay dyes to the sensitizing dye. The complementary absorption spectra of the energy relay dyes and high excitation transfer efficiencies result in a 35% increase in photovoltaic performance.. Keywords: dyes/pigments ; dye-sensitized solar cells ; Fret ; photochemistry ; photovoltaics ; Restricted Geometries ; Rhodamine-B ; Efficiency ; Dcm. ...
Notable catalytic activity of oxygen-vacancy-rich WO2.72 nanorod bundles as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells -...
For the first time, nonstoichiometric WO2.72 was used as a counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Oxygen-vacancy-rich WO2.72 nanorod bundles with notable catalytic activity for triiodide and thiolate reduction were prepared in this study. The photovoltaic parameters of dye-sensitized s
ION EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELL MODULE (MANPACK FUEL CELL SYSTEM).
A detailed study of the D (a divinyl kenzene polymer substituted with sulfonic acid) and R (D membrane where a teflon polymer is substituted for the divinylbenzene) type ion exchange membranes for manpack fuel cells is presented. The critical current-voltage characteristics of both R and D type of ion exchange membrane electrolyte systems are examined for their capability of meeting the requirements for Army field use. Evaluation of the experimental results shows two main causes for fuel cell break down: (1) the presence of tetra hydrofuran in the fuel causing poisoning of the anode catalyst and eventual cell decay, and (2) ion exchange membrane dry-out due to low current loading and extended periods on open circuit voltage. (Author)(*FUEL CELLS
After lithium-ion batteries, the next step is… sodium-ion batteries? - NaturalNews.com
Lithium-ion batteries havent been around for very long. While the first functional lithium-ion battery was developed in the early 70s, it took 30 more years before the batteries became commercially available. It didnt take long before they marked the beginning of a new era in electronics. These days, lithium-ion batteries arent just ubiquitous, they play a key role in society.. Their developers - John Goodenough of The University of Texas (UT) at Austin, Stanley Whittingham of Binghamton University in New York, and Akira Yoshino of Meijo University in Japan - have even been awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work.. Indeed, lithium-ion batteries are nothing short of revolutionary, but theyre riddled with problems - chief of which is battery life. This is very noticeable in mobile phones and laptops: New devices can last a full day or more on a full charge, but older models just last for a little under five hours before their batteries get fully depleted. This becomes a bigger ...
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Conformal growth of anodic nanotubes for dye-sensitized solar cells: Part I. planar electrode | ScholarBank@NUS
In this review, we dissect nanotube growth under a systematic changing of electrode configurations and analyze relevant solar cell constructions as well as performances, in an attempt to explore efficient approaches to harvest solar energy. It is divided into two parts for discussion: planar and nonplanar electrodes, as a conformal coating of anodic nanotubes can be formed on an electrode regardless of its geometric shape. The first part is presented in this paper. To date, the most efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) based on anodic nanotubes exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 7~8%, whereas those based on nanoparticles show a higher efficiency of 11~12%. This is due to a lower surface area per photoanode volume for nanotubes with respect to nanoparticles. It is calculated that, for a given photoanode volume, it requires the nanotube diameter to go down to ~30 nm to generate a comparable surface area with nanoparticles of ~20 nm. For single-sided tube growth, three dominant ...
NANOCOMPOSITE ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FOR MODERATE TEMPERATURE AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY HYDROGEN PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL...
Nowadays PEMFC with hydrogen fuel has developed to commercialize to replace the conventional machine. Several limitations in PEMFC commercialization are its low efficiency, viability of hydrogen fuel supply and problem of controlling fuel and water as reaction products. Effective effort to increase efficiency and water management include elevating temperature of PEMFC operation near water boiling point to increase energy produced, prevent water flooding, enhanced cooling efficiency and also the possibility to use hydrogen and air under lower humidity in order to make simples PEMFC design. But at elevated temperature and low relative humidity, Nafion membrane that during the time still used as electrolyte will shrink and at high humidity and high temperature above 80oC membrane will swell and irreversibility decay occur. Membrane shrinking and swelling will reduce PEMFC performance. The objective of this study is to investigate the usage of Nafion-SiO2-PWA nanocomposite membrane NS10W, NS15W and ...
Dye stability and performances of Dye-sensitized solar cells with different nitrogen additives at elevated temperatures - Can...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Dye stability and performances of Dye-sensitized solar cells with different nitrogen additives at elevated temperatures - Can sterically hindered pyridines prevent dye degradation?. AU - Phuong, Nguyen Tuyet. AU - Andersen, Anders Rand. AU - Skou, Eivind Morten. AU - Lund, Torben. PY - 2010/4/23. Y1 - 2010/4/23. U2 - 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.04.076. DO - 10.1016/j.solmat.2010.04.076. M3 - Journal article. VL - 94. SP - 1582. EP - 1590. JO - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. JF - Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. SN - 0927-0248. IS - 10. ER - ...
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Coming to a Handbag Near You | TreeHugger
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are super thin, cheap solar cells that can operate indoors. Created by G24 Innovations, the first batch of the new solar cells have found a home in fashion, heading to Hong Kong-based consumer
Hydrogel Improves Lithium-Ion Battery Performance
By coating electrodes made of silicon with a conducting polymer hydrogel, researchers developed a new technique to significantly improve the charge storage capacity of lithium-ion batteries.. Stanford University scientists have dramatically improved the performance of lithium-ion batteries by creating novel electrodes made of silicon and conducting polymer hydrogel, a spongy substance similar to the material used in soft contact lenses and other household products.. Writing in the June 4 edition of the journal Nature Communications, the scientists describe a new technique for producing low-cost, silicon-based batteries with potential applications for a wide range of electrical devices.. Developing rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and long cycle life is of critical importance to address the ever-increasing energy storage needs for portable electronics, electric vehicles and other technologies, said study co-author Zhenan Bao, professor of chemical engineering at ...
Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Gel-Coated Graphene and Graphene/Carbon Nanotube Composites as the Counter...
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are promising to be the next-generation solar cells arising from their high light-to-electricity conversion efficiency and low fabrication cost.
High Pt loading on functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes as a highly efficient cathode electrocatalyst for proton exchange...
High Pt loading on functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes as a highly efficient cathode electrocatalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Transistorlike behavior in photoconductor based on dye-sensitized solar cell
A photogated transistor is established based on the dye-sensitized solar cell using nanocrystalline TiO2 films. Voltage-current curves are characterized with three types of transport behaviors: linear increase, saturated plateau, and breakdownlike increase, which are actually of the typical performances for a phototransistor. Moreover, an asymmetric behavior is observed in the voltage-current loops, which is believed to be due to the difference in the effective photoconducting areas rather than the cross-section areas. The photovoltaic voltage between the common counter electrode and drain (VCE-D) is examined as well during the loop measurements, clarifying that the predominant dark process in source and the predominant photovoltaic process in drain are series connected, modifying the electric potential levels, and thus resulting in the characteristic phototransistor behaviors ...
Amrita paper on Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells | Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
Compared to traditional silicon based solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, or Graetzel cells, have significantly lower production costs, even though the former still show higher efficiency.
Coumarin 343-NiO films as nanostructured photocathodes in dye-sensitized solar cells : Ultrafast electron transfer, effect of...
Nanoporous, p-type NiO films were sensitized with coumarin 343 (C343), and the photoinduced electron transfer dynamics was studied in the presence of different concentrations of electrolyte (I-3(-)/I- in propylene carbonate). Electron transfer from the valence band of NiO to the excited C343 is very fast, occurring on time scales from hundreds of femtoseconds to a few picoseconds, but also the subsequent recombination is quite rapid, on the time scale of tens of picoseconds. Nevertheless, formation of an intermediate, attributed to I2-I NiO(+), was observed on the picosecond time scale. Simultaneously the reduced dye was converted back to the C343 ground state, indicating that recombination could be intercepted by 13 reduction. Consistent with that interpretation, we observed oxidized NiO and depletion Of 13 persisting on the millisecond time scale. Complete dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) with these films as photocathode gave up to 10-11% incident photon to current conversion efficiency at ...
Molecules | Free Full-Text | Natural Chlorophyll-Related Porphyrins and Chlorins for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Natural-chlorophyll-related porphyrins, including (2H, Zn, Cu)-protoporphyrin IX (Por-1) and Zn-mesoporphyrin IX (Por-2), and chlorins, including chlorin e6 (Chl-1), chlorin e4 (Chl-2), and rhodin G7 (Chl-3), have been used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). For porphyrin sensitizers that have vinyl groups at the β-positions, zinc coordinated Por-1 gives the highest solar-energy-to-electricity conversion efficiency (h) of up to 2.9%. Replacing the vinyl groups of ZnPor-1 with ethyl groups increases the open-circuit voltage (Voc) from 0.61 V to 0.66 V, but decreases the short-circuit current (Jsc) from 7.0 mA·cm−2 to 6.1 mA·cm−2 and the value of h to 2.8%. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations suggest that the higher Jsc values of Zn-based porphyrin sensitizers result from the favorable electron injection from the LUMO at higher energy levels. In the case of the chlorin sensitizers, the number of carboxyl protons has a large effect on the photovoltaic
Materials | Free Full-Text | Characteristics of the Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using TiO2 Nanotubes Treated with TiCl4
The replacement of oxide semiconducting TiO2 nano particles with one dimensional TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) has been used for improving the electron transport in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Although use of one dimensional structure provides the enhanced photoelectrical performance, it tends to reduce the adsorption of dye on the TiO2 surface due to decrease of surface area. To overcome this problem, we investigate the effects of TiCl4 treatment on DSSCs which were constructed with composite films made of TiO2 nanoparticles and TNTs. To find optimum condition of TNTs concentration in TiO2 composites film, series of DSSCs with different TNTs concentration were made. In this optimum condition (DSSCs with 10 wt% of TNT), the effects of post treatment are compared for different TiCl4 concentrations. The results show that the DSSCs using a TiCl4 (90 mM) post treatment shows a maximum conversion efficiency of 7.83% due to effective electron transport and enhanced adsorption of dye on TiO2 surface.
Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on a Donor-Acceptor System with a Pyridine Cation as an Electron-Withdrawing Anchoring Group
New hemicyanine dyes (CM101, CM102, CM103, and CM104) in which tetrahydroquinoline derivatives are used as electron donors and N-(carboxymethyl)-pyridinium is used as an electron acceptor and anchoring group were designed and synthesized for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Compared with corresponding dyes that have cyanoacetic acid as the acceptor, N-(carboxymethyl)-pyridinium has a stronger electron-withdrawing ability, which causes the absorption maximum of dyes to be redshifted. The photovoltaic performance of the DSSCs based on dyes CM101CM104 markedly depends on the molecular structures of the dyes in terms of the n-hexyl chains and methoxyl. The device sensitized by dye CM104 achieved the best conversion efficiency of 7.0?% (Jsc=13.4 mA?cm-2, Voc=704 mV, FF=74.8?%) under AM 1.5 irradiation (100 mW?cm-2). In contrast, the device sensitized by reference dye CMR104 with the same donor but the cyanoacetic acid as the acceptor gave an efficiency of 3.4?% (Jsc=6.2 mA?cm-2, Voc=730 mV, ...
Konarka Licensed for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells | Renewable Energy World
Konarka Technologies, Inc. (KTI), a developer of flexible, polymer and nanoparticle-based photovoltaic (PV) technology, has been granted licensee rights to dye-sensitized solar cell technology from the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL).
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Mini Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Module
Maximizing Solar Energy Absorption in DSSC. Through the following key select activities, students will learn to fabricate an artificial photosynthetic device using nanotechnology and plant pigments to capture suns energy and convert it to electricity. Each Activity prepares students for the Design Project, in which they are challenged to create the most efficient dye-sensitized solar cell, using vegetable and/or fruit dyes, that is capable of powering an electronic device.. MWM will give students an opportunity to understand the world around them in a way they have never experienced before. The modules promote an awareness of the roles science and technology play in society and guide students to take increased control of their work.. ...
Progress on electrolytes development in dye-sensitized solar cells - Aalto-yliopiston tutkimusportaali, Aalto-yliopisto
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been intensely researched for more than two decades. Electrolyte formulations are one of the bottlenecks to their successful commercialization, since these result in trade-offs between the photovoltaic performance and long-term performance stability. The corrosive nature of the redox shuttles in the electrolytes is an additional limitation for industrial-scale production of DSSCs, especially with low cost metallic electrodes. Numerous electrolyte formulations have been developed and tested in various DSSC configurations to address the aforementioned challenges. Here, we comprehensively review the progress on the development and application of electrolytes for DSSCs. We particularly focus on the improvements that have been made in different types of electrolytes, which result in enhanced photovoltaic performance and long-term device stability of DSSCs. Several recently introduced electrolyte materials are reviewed, and the role of electrolytes in different ...
Facile fabrication of sub-100 nm mesoscale inverse opal films and their application in dye-sensitized solar cell electrodes |...
Inverse opal (IO) films with mesoporous structures hold promise as high-performance electrodes for various photoelectrochemical devices because of their high specific area as well as their fully connected pore structure. A great challenge to their use is obtaining an intact film of mesoscale colloidal crystals as a template. Here, using the plate-sliding coating method coupled with hot air flow, we successfully deposited mesoscale colloidal crystals onto the substrate. A TiO2 mesoscale IO (meso-IO) with 70 nm pores was then successfully fabricated via atomic layer deposition of TiO2 and subsequent removal of the template. As a photoelectrochemical electrode, the meso-IO structure exhibits enhanced charge transport properties as well as a high specific area. Moreover, dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated using the meso-IO electrode exhibit a higher photocurrent and cell efficiency than a cell constructed using a conventional TiO2 nanoparticle electrode. This meso-IO film provides a new platform for
Synergistic Effect of N-Methylbenzimidazole and Guanidinium Thiocyanate on the Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based...
This thesis focuses on liquid redox electrolytes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). A liquid redox electrolyte, as one of the key constituents in DSCs, typically consists of a redox mediator, additives and a solvent. This thesis work concerns all these three aspects of liquid electrolytes, aiming through fundamental insights to enhance the photovoltaic performances of liquid DSCs.. Initial attention has been paid to the iodine concentration effects in ionic liquid (IL)-based electrolytes. It has been revealed that the higher iodine concentration required in IL-based electrolytes can be attributed to both triiodide mobility associated with the high viscosity of the IL, and chemical availability of triiodide. The concept of incompletely solvated ionic liquids (ISILs) has been introduced as a new type of electrolyte solvent for DSCs. It has been found that the photovoltaic performance of ISIL-based electrolytes can even rival that of organic solvent-based electrolytes. And most strikingly, ...
Enhanced efficiency of over 10% in dye-sensitized solar cells through C and N single- and co-doped TiO2 single-layer electrodes...
Herein, we report the impact of single- and co-doping of nanoparticle TiO2 films with carbon and nitrogen on the photovoltaic characteristics of their corresponding dye-sensitized solar cell (DSC) devices. Different DSCs with various compositions of the photoanode electrodes are fabricated to study their str
A hybrid PVDF-HFP/nanoparticle gel electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell applications - Fingerprint - National Cheng...
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of A hybrid PVDF-HFP/nanoparticle gel electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell applications. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
Aqueous dye-sensitized solar cell electrolytes based on the ferricyanide-ferrocyanide redox couple
Daeneke, T., Uemura, Y., Duffy, N. W., Mozer, A. J., Koumura, N., Bach, U. & Spiccia, L. (2012). Aqueous dye-sensitized solar cell electrolytes based on the ferricyanide-ferrocyanide redox couple. Advanced Materials, 24 (9), 1222-1225 ...
Design and characterization of highly efficient porphyrin sensitizers for green see-through dye-sensitized solar cells<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Design and characterization of highly efficient porphyrin sensitizers for green see-through dye-sensitized solar cells. AU - Lu, Hsueh Pei. AU - Mai, Chi Lun. AU - Tsia, Chen Yuan. AU - Hsu, Shun Ju. AU - Hsieh, Chou Pou. AU - Chiu, Chien Lan. AU - Yeh, Chen Yu. AU - Diau, Wei-Guang. PY - 2009/11/19. Y1 - 2009/11/19. N2 - YD12 (η = 6.7%) is a green sensitizer remarkable for its outstanding cell performance beyond that of N719 (η = 6.1%) with no added scattering layer; the additional scattering layer assists N719 in promoting the efficiency in the red shoulder of the spectrum, but has only a small effect on the improvement of the cell performance for porphyrins.. AB - YD12 (η = 6.7%) is a green sensitizer remarkable for its outstanding cell performance beyond that of N719 (η = 6.1%) with no added scattering layer; the additional scattering layer assists N719 in promoting the efficiency in the red shoulder of the spectrum, but has only a small effect on the improvement of the ...
Plasmonic Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Core-Shell Metal-Insulator Nanoparticles.
We present an investigation into incorporating core-shell Au-SiO(2) nanoparticles into dye-sensitized solar cells. We demonstrate plasmon-enhanced light absorption, photocurrent, and efficiency for both iodide/triiodide electrolyte based and solid-st
Molecular design of new hydrazone dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells: Synthesis, characterization and DFT study
Three new sensitizers 2-{4-[2-(4-Nitrobenzylidene)hydrazino)]phenyl} ethylene-1,1,2-tricarbonitrile (NBHPET), 2-{4-[2-p-Chlorobenzylidenehydrazino] phenyl}- ethylene-1,1,2-tri carbonitrile (CBHPET) and 2-{4-[2-p- Bromobenzylidenehydrazino] phenyl}ethylene-1,1,2-tricarbonitrile (BBHPET) have been synthesized. The dyes showed pronounced solvatochromic effects as the polarity of the solvents increased. The structures have been optimized at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory. The torsion in E-isomer is smaller than Z-isomer and azo isomers. The highest occupied molecular orbitals are delocalized on whole molecule while lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals are distributed on the tricarbonitrile. The lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies are above the conduction band of titanium dioxide, highest occupied molecular orbitals of the dyes are below the redox couple of new synthesized dyes and small energy gap revealed these dyes would be better sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. © 2012 ...
Global Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Industry 2017 Market... - QYResearch
The Global Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) Industry 2017 Market Research Report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the...
A new study on solid-state cyanine dye-sensitized solar cells, Research on Chemical Intermediates | 10.1163/156856708783623438 ...
Read A new study on solid-state cyanine dye-sensitized solar cells, Research on Chemical Intermediates on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
dye-sensitized solar cells
Page contains details about dye-sensitized solar cells . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com
dye-sensitized solar cell
Page contains details about dye-sensitized solar cell . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com
Highly conductive polymer materials based multi-walled carbon nanotubes as counter electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells |...
Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxxythiophene) (PEDOT), polyaniline (PANI) and polythiophene (PTh) based multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites were successfully prepared using RF-rotating plasma grafting method. Morphological characterizations of composites were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which showed that conducting polymers (CPs) of PEDOT, PANI and PTh were coated on the surface of CNTs. The surface properties of the Carbon Nanotube (CNT) composites were also determined by using Infrared Spectra (FT-IR), X-ray Photon Spectra (XPS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectra (SEM-EDX) analysis. X-ray photon spectra results confirmed the formation of the composites. Composites of MWCNT were used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) as counter electrodes and exhibited short-circuit photocurrent densities of 11.19, 10.70 and 8.54mA/cm(2) for PANI/MWCNT, PTh/MWCNT and PEDOT/CNT, respectively. ...
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NioCorp Completes Acid Regeneration Pilot Plant for Elk Creek Project Feasibility Study
NioCorp $NB $NIOBF $BR3 #Niobium #Scandium #ElkCreek. About NioCorp. NioCorp is developing a superalloy materials project in Southeast Nebraska that will produce Niobium, Scandium, and Titanium. Niobium is used to produce superalloys as well as High Strength, Low Alloy (HSLA) steel, which is a lighter, stronger steel used in automotive, structural, and pipeline applications. Scandium is a superalloy material that can be combined with Aluminum to make alloys with increased strength and improved corrosion resistance. Scandium also is a critical component of advanced solid oxide fuel cells. Titanium is used in various superalloys and is a key component of pigments used in paper, paint and plastics and is also used for aerospace applications, armor and medical implants.. Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements Neither TSX nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this document. ...
Life Cycle Assessment of a Non-Hazardous Industrial Waste Treatment System
One of the most used tools for assessing the potential environmental impacts of waste management systems is Life Cycle Assessment. This tool is particularly useful when it is applied to landfill waste as it aims to estimate the related long-term emissions of the landfill over an extended time period that takes into account the years following the landfill closure. The purpose of this work is to present the life cycle assessment of the most important production system of a multi-sector company located in the Taranto Province, namely a Non-Hazardous Industrial Waste treatment system. For the landfill gas modelling, data on the composition of the waste entering the landfill was used in order to calculate the amount of biogenic carbon that will undergo a biodegradation process. The time frame for the emissions modelling includes the thirty years following the landfill closure. More complex is the estimate of landfill leachate production for which simplified hypotheses were made. The life cycle ...
The use of life cycle assessment for evaluating the sustainability of the Amsterdam water cycle on Environmental XPRT
Article The use of life cycle assessment for evaluating the sustainability of the Amsterdam water cycle. Waternet, the water cycle company of Amsterdam and surrounding areas, uses the life cycle assessment (LCA) method to evaluate the environmental i...
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Patent US6534210 - Auxiliary convective fuel cell stacks for fuel cell power generation systems - Google Patents
A fuel cell power generation system is disclosed which includes a primary fuel cell stack for generating a first quantity of electric power, an auxiliary fuel cell stack for generating a second quantity of electric power, a fuel handling subsystem for feeding a fuel containing hydrogen to the primary fuel cell stack and the auxiliary fuel cell stack, an oxidant handling subsystem including a compressor for feeding an oxidant containing oxygen to the primary fuel cell stack, and a controller electrically connected to the primary fuel cell stack, the auxiliary fuel cell stack, the fuel handling subsystem and the oxidant handling subsystem for controlling operation of the fuel cell power generation system. In one version of the fuel cell power generation system, the controller executes a stored program to sense a startup signal for the fuel cell power generation system, to initiate operation of the auxiliary fuel cell stack, and to apply at least a portion of the second quantity of electric power generated
Power Transmission and Motion Control Market 2017- Sales Revenue, Comprehensive Analysis and Industry Growth with 30% of CAGR...
Market Scenario:. The power transmission and motion control products are providing environmental friendly business venture and a way to offer green products to customers which is driving the market growth to the large extent. The companies are manufacturing the innovative new motion control and power transmission components and assemblies by which these products can penetrate into the niche market. The power transmission and motion control provides high quality, high performance solutions which enables the machinery to run more efficiently and increase its mean time between failure or repair.. The companies such as Altra Industrial Motion Corporation (U.S.), Cangro Industries, Inc. (U.S.), Forbes Engineering Sales, Inc. (U.S.), Poklar Power Motion, Inc. (U.S.), Custom Machine & Tool Co., Inc. (U.S.), are the leading manufacturers of high performance and cost savings power transmission and motion control equipment in the market. In 2017, Custom Machine & Tool Co., Inc. which is a leading provider ...
April 9, 2012 | News Releases | News and Communications Services | Kansas State University
News release prepared by: Greg Tammen, 785-532-4486, [email protected]. Monday, April 9, 2012. Research finds bright future for alternative energy with greener solar cells. MANHATTAN -- Even alternative energy technologies can sometimes be a little greener, according to a Kansas State University graduate students research.. Ayomi Perera, a doctoral student in chemistry, Sri Lanka, is working under Stefan Bossmann, professor of chemistry, to improve dye-sensitized solar cells. The cells are a solar technology that use a dye to help generate energy from sunlight. By creating a less toxic dye and combining it with a bacteria, Pereras solar cells are friendlier to the environment and living organisms -- making an alternative energy solution to fossil fuels even greener.. Dye-sensitized solar cells, which are solar cells with light-absorbing dye, have been around for more than 20 years, but their highest efficiency has stayed close to 11 percent for some time, Perera said. So the thought was ...
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DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL - Patent application
TABLE-US-00004 TABLE 1 Aperture Line ratio width of of metallic Open Short metallic current Metal oxide interlayer circuit circuit Con- fine collecting Transparent Layer Porous voltage current File Conversion Dura- ductive wire layer conductive Com- thickness ratio value density factor efficiency bility Sample base (μm) (%) layer position (μm) (%) (V) (mA) (%) (%) (%) Remarks SC-01 CB-01 14 94 Polyaniline -- -- -- 0.63 9.06 0.60 3.4 68 Comparison SC-02 CB-02 14 94 -- Titanium 172 16 0.68 8.44 0.62 3.6 72 Comparison Oxide SC-03 CB-03 -- -- Polyaniline Titanium 172 16 0.69 8.05 0.63 3.5 74 Comparison Oxide SC-04 CB-04 14 94 ITO Titanium 172 16 0.69 8.65 0.63 3.8 83 Comparison Oxide SC-05 CB-01 14 94 Polyaniline Titanium 172 16 0.69 10.51 0.66 4.8 87 Present Oxide invention SC-06 CB-05 8 97 Polyaniline Titanium 172 16 0.70 12.18 0.67 5.7 89 Present Oxide invention SC-07 CB-01 14 94 Polyaniline Titanium 65 16 0.68 12.12 0.67 5.5 86 Present Oxide invention SC-08 CB-01 14 94 Polyaniline Titanium 172 ...
SENSES - Publication - Adaptive Rectifier Driven by Power Intake Predictors for Wind Energy Harvesting Sensor Networks
Adaptive Rectifier Driven by Power Intake Predictors for Wind Energy Harvesting Sensor Networks - Porcarelli, D. ; Spenza, Dora ; Brunelli, D. ; Cammarano, Alessandro ; Petrioli, Chiara ; Benini, L. - This paper presents a power management technique for improving the efficiency of harvesting energy from air-flows in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applications. The proposed architecture consists of a two-stage energy conversion circuit: an AC-DC converter followed by a DC-DC buck-boost regulator with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) capability. The key feature of the proposed solution is the adaptive hybrid voltage rectifier, which exploits both passive and active topologies combined with power prediction algorithms. The adaptive converter significantly outperforms other solutions, increasing the efficiency between 10% and 30% with respect to the only-passive and the only-active topologies. To assess the performance of this approach in a real-life scenario, air-flow data have been collected by
OAR@UM: Environmental impact evaluation of dairy farms through life cycle assessment : a case study in Malta
In this study the potential environmental impact of 12 dairy farm systems in Malta was quantified using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method. The analysis was conducted until the farm gate through the life cycle of dairy systems. In addition to investigate the impact for the main impact categories, the work measures the major greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with dairy farming. Emissions are reported per kg of Fat and Protein corrected milk (FPCM) units at the farm gate. The twelve farms of the study are distinguished by farm size in term of number of reared animals. The animals taken into account represent 20 % of all the dairy cows reared in the Maltese islands. With analysis on this population the study wants to realize the degree of environmental sustainability of the Maltese dairy industries, given the small size of the islands and the lack of available land that the dairy cows need for their supplying ...
Life Cycle Assessment of activated carbon production from coconut shells - Surrey Research Insight Open Access
Activated carbons have excellent performance in a number of process applications. In particular, they appear to have the most favourable characteristics for adsorption processes, thanks to their high porosity and large surface area. However, a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impacts of their manufacturing chain is still lacking. This study evaluates these impacts taking the specific case of activated carbon produced from coconut shells in Indonesia, which is the major coconut producer county. Coconut shells as raw materials are utilized for activated carbon production due to their abundant supply, high density and purity, and because they seem to have a clear environmental advantage over coal-based carbons, particularly in terms of acidification potential, non-renewable energy demand and carbon footprint. Life Cycle Assessment and process analysis are used to quantify all the environmental interactions over the stages of the life cycle of an activated carbon manufacturing chain, in ...
Occult enterorrhagia from jejunal duplication causing diagnostic dilemma in an infant Pal K, Al-Dajani A, Mitra DK - Afr J...
Afr J Paediatr Surg, Official publication of Pan-African Paediatric Surgical Association and Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Nigeria
Measuring the potential for sustainable intensification of aquaculture in Bangladesh using life cycle assessment | Beijer...
Food production is a major driver of global environmental change and the overshoot of planetary sustainability boundaries. Greater affluence in developing nations and human population growth are also increasing demand for all foods, and for animal proteins in particular. Consequently, a growing body of literature calls for the sustainable intensification of food production, broadly defined as producing more using less. Most assessments of the potential for sustainable intensification rely on only one or two indicators, meaning that ecological trade-offs among impact categories that occur as production intensifies may remain unaccounted for. The present study addresses this limitation using life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify six local and global environmental consequences of intensifying aquaculture production in Bangladesh. Production data are from a unique survey of 2,678 farms, and results show multidirectional associations between the intensification of aquaculture production and its ...
Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium Batteries based on Photochemically Crosslinked Poly(ethylene oxide) and Ionic Liquid<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Polymer Electrolyte for Lithium Batteries based on Photochemically Crosslinked Poly(ethylene oxide) and Ionic Liquid. AU - Rupp, Barbara. AU - Schmuck, Martin. AU - Balducci, Andrea. AU - Winter, Martin. AU - Kern, Wolfgang. PY - 2008. Y1 - 2008. UR - http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/294/description#description. UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MImg&_imagekey=B6TWW-4SV5V83-3-F&_cdi=5573&_user=464374&_pii=S0014305708002796&_origin=search&_zone=rslt_list_item&_coverDate=09/30/2008&_sk=999559990&wchp=dGLbVzz-zSkzk&md5=fb005487a222b6b449ce2cbade9a00c2&ie=/sda. U2 - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.06.022. DO - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.06.022. M3 - Article. VL - 44. SP - 2986. EP - 2990. JO - European polymer journal. JF - European polymer journal. SN - 0014-3057. IS - 9. ER - ...
Power Outages, Extreme Events and Health: a Systematic Review of the Literature from 2011-2012 - PLOS Currents Disasters
Frequency of power outages associated with extreme events. There were fifty two reports of power outages across nineteen countries caused by extreme events during the first three months of 2013. Overall, the results from the bulletins search gave an impression of how frequent and widespread power outages are during extreme events. The events and outages occurred in both economically developed and less developed nations and in island and mainland state settings. It is interesting to note that none of the media reports contained any reference to health impacts.. The surprisingly high number of power outages reported in the PHE Extreme Events Bulletin is likely to be an under-representation of worldwide power outages. This is despite the news articles included in the PHE Extreme Events Bulletin being collected from several international media sources. These media sources include Google News, BBC, UK broadsheets and international webpages including PreventionWeb, UNISDR and ReliefWeb. While this ...
Global Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation Market Research Report 2018 Opportunities, Size, Cost Structure,...
Global Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation Market Professional Survey Report 2018 1 Industry Overview of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 1.1 Definition and Specifications of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 1.1.1 Definition of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 1.1.2 Specifications of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 1.2 Classification of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 1.2.1 Solutions 1.2.2 Services 1.3 Applications of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 1.3.1 Solar Energy 1.3.2 Wind Energy 1.3.4 Others 1.4 Market Segment by Regions 1.4.1 North America 1.4.2 Europe 1.4.3 China 1.4.4 Japan 1.4.5 Southeast Asia 1.4.6 India 2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers 2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Automation Solution in Renewable Power Generation 2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automation ...
Graphene-based Composite Electrodes for Fuel Cells | Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences
Fuel cells are clean, compact and modular energy generation devices that generate electricity by a chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidant. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) offers several advantages for both mobile and stationary applications yet it is necessary to develop low cost and more efficient PEMFCs. The heart of the PEMFC is the membrane electrode assembly composed of a proton exchange membrane sandwiched between two porous gas diffusion electrodes. At this point, graphene is a promising candidate as catalyst support material for PEMFCs due to its outstanding mechanical, structural, and electronic properties. Herein, the support material becomes significant to get high catalytic performance of catalysts by lower catalyst loadings. For the production of advanced type of gas diffusion layers, the distinguished properties of graphene are combined with the structural properties of conducting polymers and the impregnation of low-amount of Pt catalysts on graphene ...
New Hampshire Natural Gas Prices
Notes: Prices are in nominal dollars. Gas volumes delivered for use as vehicle fuel are included in the State annual totals through 2009 but not in the State monthly components. Through 2001, electric power price data are for regulated electric utilities only; beginning in 2002, data also include nonregulated members of the electric power sector. Gas volumes delivered for use as vehicle fuel are included in the State annual totals through 2009 but not in the State monthly components. Estimates of gas volumes delivered for use as vehicle fuel are included in the State monthly totals for January 2010 forward. Preliminary electric power data for 2016 are shown as of the September 2017 Electric Power Monthly. They will not reflect revisions made in the 2016 Electric Power Annual, which was published after the 2016 Natural Gas Annual was released. Revised electric power data for 2016 will not be adjusted in the Natural Gas Monthly until the 2017 Natural Gas Annual is published. See Definitions, ...
Panchromatic polymer-polymer ternary solar cells enhanced by Förster resonance energy transfer and solvent vapor annealing<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Panchromatic polymer-polymer ternary solar cells enhanced by Förster resonance energy transfer and solvent vapor annealing. AU - Goh, Tenghooi. AU - Huang, Jing Shun. AU - Bartolome, Benjamin. AU - Sfeir, Matthew Y.. AU - Vaisman, Michelle. AU - Lee, Minjoo L.. AU - Taylor, André D.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © The Royal Society of Chemistry.. PY - 2015/8/1. Y1 - 2015/8/1. N2 - Thanks to the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) feature of polymer solar cells (PSC), additional light active components can be added with ease to form ternary solar cells. This strategy has achieved great success largely due to expanded spectral response range and improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) without incurring excessive processing costs. Here, we report ternary blend polymer-polymer solar cells comprised of PTB7, P3HT, and PC71BM with PCE as high as 8.2%. Analyses of femtosecond time resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy data confirm that P3HT is effective in ...
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Electrochemical Performance of Activated Graphene Powder Supercapacitors Using a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid Electrolyte
Abstract: Supercapacitors, advanced electrochemical devices, have attracted great interest due to their extraordinary properties, such as high power density, fast charging or discharging rate, and ultra-long cycle life. Currently, great efforts have been devoted to increasing their moderate energy density (typically , 5 Wh·kg-1). Especially, room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have been considered as a promising electrolyte for further improving supercapacitors performances owing to their large voltage window, high thermal stability, and wide working temperature range. However, RTILs suffer from the high viscosity and poor conductivity stemming from their strong cation-anion interactions. In this work, we investigate the influences of solvent on the capacitive performance within RTIL-based supercapacitors. Activated graphene powders are employed as the electrode active materials, and 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4) is chosen as the electrolyte because of the wide ...
A Survey of Recent Trends in Wireless Communication Standards, Routing Protocols, and Energy Harvesting Techniques in E-Health...
A Survey of Recent Trends in Wireless Communication Standards, Routing Protocols, and Energy Harvesting Techniques in E-Health Applications: 10.4018/IJEHMC.2015010101: One of the most rapidly growing technology areas is the advances in sensing, networking, and miniaturization in medical domain, which enables innovative new
Battery Energy Storage System Market Research Report by Technology, by Connection Type, by Application - Global Forecast to...
Battery Energy Storage System Market Research Report by Technology (Flow Batteries, Lead-acid Batteries, Lithium-ion Batteries, and Sodium-sulfur Batteries), by ...
Lithium Australia and Pilbara Minerals to pilot lithium carbonate from spodumene
Lithium Australia NL (ASX: LIT) reported on an agreement with Pilbara Minerals Limited (ASX: PLS) to jointly pilot the development of LITs 100%-owned Sileach™ process, a proprietary technology that has shown promise to recover 92% of lithium from alpha- spodumene, even low-grade spodumene.. The production of pure, affordable lithium from hard rock (spodumene) is becoming a central issue for the deployment of lithium ion batteries. The energy footprint of hard rock lithium extraction processes makes them twice as expensive as conventional brines-based processes.. And so, much of the worlds lithium is produced from brines by Albemarle (NYSE:ALB), Sociedad Quimica y Minera de Chile (NYSE:SQM) and FMC (NYSE:FMC) from Argentina, Chile, Bolivia, Australia and eastern China, and is shipped over long distances to battery makers in Asia.. There is a need to improve the purity of lithium while decreasing the net processing cost. Lithium is produced from brines as a carbonate salt using evaporation ...
ARL-TR-6075 - Tunable TiO2 Nanotube Arrays for Flexible Bio-Sensitized Solar Cells | U.S. Army Research Laboratory
Highly ordered, free-standing titanium dioxide nanotube (TiNT) arrays have been of intense interest to the alternative energies field in recent years due to their barrier-free electron conduction pathway vs. TiO2 nanoparticles in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) designs. TiNT arrays prepared by electrochemical anodization of Ti foils and combined with a transparent, Indium Tin Dioxide coated PET film are attractive candidates for efficient, flexible DSSCs. Flexible solar cells offer great benefits because of the potential for low-cost, roll-to-roll production and the increase in applications due to superior robustness. This approach utilizes a two-step anodization procedure coupled with implementation of a rapid inert gas dehydration and ultrasonic agitation detachment method. By controlling the reaction conditions during anodization (voltage, duration, concentration), TiNT arrays with specific morphology, lengths, and diameters can be tailored to satisfy a particular application such as
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Ultrafast & Terahertz Photonics: Publications
Nanotechnology 32 042003 (Nov 2020) [pdf] [ref]. This roadmap on Nanotechnology for Catalysis and Solar Energy Conversion focuses on the application of nanotechnology in addressing the current challenges of energy conversion: high efficiency, stability, safety, and the potential for low-cost/scalable manufacturing to quote from the contributed article by Nathan Lewis. This roadmap focuses on solar-to-fuel conversion, solar water splitting, solar photovoltaics and bio-catalysis. It includes dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), perovskite solar cells, and organic photovoltaics. Smart engineering of colloidal quantum materials and nanostructured electrodes will improve solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency, as described in the articles by Waiskopf and Banin and Meyer. Semiconductor nanoparticles will also improve solar energy conversion efficiency, as discussed by Boschloo et al in their article on DSSCs. Perovskite solar cells have advanced rapidly in recent years, including new ideas on 2D and 3D ...
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TOKYO - Japanese and U.S. investigators began a probe Monday into the maker of the lithium ion batteries used in Boeings grounded 787 jets.. Tsutomu Nishijima, a spokesman for GS Yuasa, the battery manufacturer, said investigators visited the companys headquarters in Kyoto, Japan and that Yuasa was cooperating with the probe.. All 50 of the 787 Dreamliners that Boeing has delivered to airlines were grounded after an overheated battery forced the emergency landing of an All Nippon Airways 787 flight last week in western Japan. Boeing has halted deliveries of new planes until it can address the electrical problems.. Mondays investigation involved an introductory meeting and factory tour, with deeper studies into product quality and other issues to follow as the probe continues, said Tatsuyuki Shimazu, the chief air worthiness engineer at the Civil Aviation Bureaus Aviation Safety Department.. Two investigators from the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration and an investigator from Japans ...
Microfluidic Synthesis of Polymer Ionic Liquid Gel Beads for Energy Harvesting Applications | Volume 7: Fluids Engineering |...
In the operation of many common devices and processes, more than 60% of consumed energy is wasted in many common processes. These loses come in many forms including heat, friction, and vibration. Energy harvesters are devices that can recapture some of this waste energy and convert it into electrical energy. This work will focus on electrostatic energy harvesting devices that recapture vibrational energy. Electrostatic energy harvesters recapture mechanical energy when a conductive mass translates or deforms in an electric field. Polymer ionic liquid gel beads may serve as a useful replacement for fluid droplets in electrostatic energy harvesters.. This work uses a recently developed method for reliable synthesis of polymer gel beads. These beads are synthesized using a micro-reactor, which generates monomeric droplets in a silicon oil carrier fluid. The monomer solution also contains a photoinitiator and cross linker, which enables the monomer to polymerize when exposed to UV light. The present ...
Density impact on performance of composite Si/graphite electrodes (Journal Article) | DOE PAGES
The ability of alkali-substituted binders for composite Si and graphite negative electrodes to minimize capacity fade for lithium ion batteries is investigated. Polymer films and electrodes are described and characterized by FTIR following immersion in electrolyte (1:2 EC:DMC) for 24 h. FTIR analysis following electrode formation displayed similar alkali-ion dependent shifts in peak location suggesting that changes in the vibrational structure of the binder are maintained after electrode formation. The Si and graphite composite electrodes prepared using the alkali-substituted polyacrylates were also exposed to electrochemical cycling and it has been found that the performance of the Na-substituted binder is superior to a comparable density K-substituted system. However, in comparing performance across many different electrode densities attention needs to be placed on making comparisons at similar densities, as low density electrodes tend to exhibit lower capacity fade over cycling. This is ...
Dynamical processes in complex quantum systems: from theoretical developments to energy harvesting and storage (DYNAPLEX) |...
Dynamical processes in complex quantum systems: from theoretical developments to energy harvesting and storage (DYNAPLEX) - Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group
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Patent US20060229768 - Electrical power distribution control methods, electrical energy demand ... - Google Patents
Electrical power distribution control methods, electrical energy demand monitoring methods, and power management devices are described. In one aspect, an electrical power distribution control method includes providing electrical energy from an electrical power distribution system, applying the electrical energy to a load, providing a plurality of different values for a threshold at a plurality of moments in time and corresponding to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy, and adjusting an amount of the electrical energy applied to the load responsive to an electrical characteristic of the electrical energy triggering one of the values of the threshold at the respective moment in time.
DSpace at KOASAS: Highly Efficient (|10%) Flexible Organic Solar Cells on PEDOT-Free and ITO-Free Transparent Electrodes
A novel approach to fabricate flexible organic solar cells is proposed without indium tin oxide (ITO) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) using junction-free metal nanonetworks (NNs) as transparent electrodes. The metal NNs are monolithically etched using nanoscale shadow masks, and they exhibit excellent optoelectronic performance. Furthermore, the optoelectrical properties of the NNs can be controlled by both the initial metal layer thickness and NN density. Hence, with an extremely thin silver layer, the appropriate density control of the networks can lead to high transmittance and low sheet resistance. Such NNs can be utilized for thin-film devices without planarization by conductive materials such as PEDOT:PSS. A highly efficient flexible organic solar cell with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.6% and high device yield (93.8%) is fabricated on PEDOT-free and ITO-free transparent electrodes. Furthermore, the flexible solar cell retains 94.3% of ...
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Panchromatic polymer-polymer ternary solar cells enhanced by Forster resonance energy transfer and solvent vapor annealing ...
Thanks to the bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) feature of polymer solar cells (PSC), additional light active components can be added with ease to form ternary solar cells. This strategy has achieved great success largely due to expanded spectral response range and improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) without incurring excessive processing costs. Here, we report ternary blend polymer-polymer solar cells comprised of PTB7, P3HT, and PC71BM with PCE as high as 8.2%. Analyses of femtosecond time resolved photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy data confirm that P3HT is effective in transferring energy non-radiatively by inducing excitons and prolonging their overall lifetime in PTB7. As a result, solvent vapor annealing (SVA) treatment was employed to rectify the overly-coarse morphology, thus enhancing the fill factor, reducing interfacial recombination, and boosting the PCE to 8.7%. ...
Electrical power industries Books and reviews. Best books to read on Electrical power industries | Lovereading UK
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Company Profile
PJSC «Rosseti Moscow Region» provides electric power transmission services, guaranteeing capacities to suppliers, energy sales companies and direct consumers - participants of wholesale and retail electricity market - on the basis of contracts for electric power transmission services. The subject of the contract is implementation of a set of organizational and technical measures for supplying electricity to end customers of PJSC «Rosseti Moscow Region», whose power plants are directly connected to PJSC «Rosseti Moscow Region» grids as well as territorial grid organizations (TGOs).. PJSC «Rosseti Moscow Region», after receiving electric power from generating companies (power plants, power stations), adjacent power systems in neighboring regions of Russia, main electric transmission lines of 220 kV and higher (PJSC FSK UES) transfers it to connection points of its end users, or TGOs.. ...
The viability of renewable energy and energy storage as the power source for municipal scale reverse osmosis desalination -...
Dansoh, Clifford (2015) The viability of renewable energy and energy storage as the power source for municipal scale reverse osmosis desalination. In: Baawain, Mahad , Choudri, B.S. , Ahmed, Mushtaque and Purnama, Anton, (eds.) Recent progress in desalination, environmental and marine outfall systems. Cham, Switzerland : Springer. pp. 139-155. ISBN 9783319191225 ...
Nanowires Make Bendy Solar Cells - TFOT
When sunlight reaches the cell the dye absorbs the light and excites the electrons, which inject into the zinc oxide and then transfer to the ITO electrode via the nanowires. These electrons subsequently pass through the external circuit to arrive at the counter electrode where they pass into the electrolyte, explained Jiang. The researchers say that this process is low cost and could be scaled up to mass-production of flexible DSSCs. The Singapore team now plans to further improve the light-to-electric power conversion efficiency and develop larger flexible DSSCs. TFOT recently covered a new method that doubles solar cells efficiency, which was developed by scientists from the University of Washington. TFOT has also reported on a number of other innovative solar power technologies, such as the nano-flakes, a newly discovered crystalline material that can efficiently convert almost twice the amount of solar energy into electricity than conventional solar panels. You can also read about ...
Global Booster Compressors Market Research Report 2018 Opportunities, Size, Cost Structure, Service Provider, Segmentation,...
Global Booster Compressors Market Professional Survey Report 2018 1 Industry Overview of Booster Compressors 1.1 Definition and Specifications of Booster Compressors 1.1.1 Definition of Booster Compressors 1.1.2 Specifications of Booster Compressors 1.2 Classification of Booster Compressors 1.2.1 Single Stage Booster Compressors 1.2.2 Double Stage Booster Compressors 1.2.3 Multi Stage Booster Compressors 1.3 Applications of Booster Compressors 1.3.1 Agriculture 1.3.2 Construction 1.3.3 Automotive 1.3.4 Other 1.4 Market Segment by Regions 1.4.1 North America 1.4.2 China 1.4.3 Europe 1.4.4 Southeast Asia 1.4.5 Japan 1.4.6 India 2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Booster Compressors 2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers 2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Booster Compressors 2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Booster Compressors 2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Booster Compressors 3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Booster Compressors 3.1 Capacity and Commercial ...
Diaphragm Compressor Oxygen Compressor Nitrogen Compressor Helium Compressor (GH-120/4-150) China Manufacturer
China Diaphragm Compressor Oxygen Compressor Nitrogen Compressor Helium Compressor (GH-120/4-150) with High-Quality, Leading Diaphragm Compressor Oxygen Compressor Nitrogen Compressor Helium Compressor (GH-120/4-150) Manufacturers & Suppliers, find Diaphragm Compressor Oxygen Compressor Nitrogen Compressor Helium Compressor (GH-120/4-150) Factory & Exporters.
Abstract: All Solid-State Thin Film Microbatteries Using Bismuth or Antimony As Anode Material (232nd ECS Meeting (October 1-5,...
Thin film all-solid-state secondary microbatteries are extensively studied since the 1990s [1-3]. These systems present specific features such as reduced surface, high thermal resistance, excellent cycle life, absence of liquid electrolyte, etc. that make them the most suitable energy sources for some emerging applications (real time clock, medical implants, secured smart cards, etc.). All-solid-state microbatteries are realized by successive deposition of thin films with a total thickness of less than 20 µm. The corresponding manufacturing steps are mainly carried out using physical vapor deposition processes such as thermal evaporation or sputtering, which are commonly used in the microelectronics industry. Then, microbattery systems need to tolerate microelectronics constraints, namely the solder reflow (T°C , 260°C) and short-circuits during manufacturing. Lithium metal anode is then no longer satisfactory. In this work, we study two original anode materials: antimony Sb and bismuth Bi. ...
The Energy Blog: Maxwell Receives Order for 200,000 Ultracapacitors
From a Maxwell press release via Alternative Energy Stocks: Maxwell Technologies announced that General Hydrogen Corporation, a leading developer of hydrogen fuel cell-based power systems for electric forklifts, has placed a 200,000 unit, three-year, purchase order for BOOSTCAP® ultracapacitors to enhance performance and energy management in its Hydricity® Pack technology. Dr. Richard Balanson, Maxwells President and Chief Executive Officer, said that each Hydricity system incorporates 30 to 120 BOOSTCAP MC2600 2,600-farad ultracapacitor cells Frank Trotter, General Hydrogens President and Chief Executive Officer, said that Hydricity Pack power systems are an economical drop-in replacement today for lead-acid batteries in Class I electric forklifts. Maxwells ultracapacitors are a critical element that helps us triple the runtime of forklifts, eliminating the average three lead-acid battery sets per vehicle and the extensive infrastructure normally associated with the recharging and care of high