Fig 2 Radiation dose-response relation (excess relative risk) for death from heart disease, showing linear and linear-quadratic functions. Shaded area is 95%

PURPOSE: Cardiovascular diseases are increasingly recognized as late effects of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and to quantify the effects of radiation dose to the heart, chemotherapy, and other cardiovascular risk factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study in a cohort of 2,617 5-year HL survivors, treated between 1965 and 1995. Cases were patients diagnosed with CHD as their first cardiovascular event after HL. Detailed treatment information was collected from medical records of 325 cases and 1,204 matched controls. Radiation charts and simulation radiographs were used to estimate in-field heart volume and mean heart dose (MHD). A risk factor questionnaire was sent to patients still alive. RESULTS: The median interval between HL and CHD was 19.0 years. Risk of CHD increased linearly with increasing MHD (excess relative risk [ERR]) per Gray, 7.4%; 95% CI, 3.3% to 14.8%). This

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This book covers the following: INTRODUCTION, GENERAL FRAMEWORK, LITERATURE REVIEW: radiation dose-response models, radiation effects at chromosomal and cellular level, radiosensitivity of the hematopoietic system, mayak product association, previous studies of long term occupational radiation exposure, sex related differences in radiosensitivity; Review of Repeated Measures Analysis Techniques: u

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) survivors treated with radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy are known to have increased risks of heart failure (HF), but a radiation dose-response relationship has not previously been derived. A case-control study, nested in a cohort of 2617 five-year survivors of HL diagnosed before age 51 years during 1965 to 1995, was conducted. Cases (n = 91) had moderate or severe HF as their first cardiovascular diagnosis. Controls (n = 278) were matched to cases on age, sex, and HL diagnosis date. Treatment and follow-up information were abstracted from medical records. Mean heart doses and mean left ventricular doses (MLVD) were estimated by reconstruction of individual treatments on representative computed tomography datasets. Average MLVD was 16.7 Gy for cases and 13.8 Gy for controls (Pdifference = .003). HF rate increased with MLVD: relative to 0 Gy, HF rates following MVLD of 1-15, 16-20, 21-25, and ≥26 Gy were 1.27, 1.65, 3.84, and 4.39, respectively (Ptrend | .001). Anthracycline

In a thoughtful editorial, Yahalom (39) concluded that the results of the international study (16) implied that the smaller radiotherapy fields and lower doses now used to treat Hodgkin lymphoma should eventually result in lower risks of breast cancer. Before the publication of these studies (16, 17), there had been no convincing evidence to suggest that recent treatment modifications for Hodgkin lymphoma might translate into decreased long-term risks of solid tumors. In particular, the shape of the radiation dose-response relation for breast cancer was not clear, especially at large doses, where it had been postulated that cell-killing effects might produce smaller risks (38). Although these investigations (16, 17) imply that radiotherapy dose reduction in Hodgkin lymphoma may result in smaller breast cancer risks, long-term follow-up will be required to determine the degree to which risks can be reduced and the influence of modifying factors.. In the interim, increasing awareness of the large ...

Science & Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Oncology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging, ONCOLOGY, RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING, combined modality radiotherapy, targeted radionuclide therapy, external beam radiotherapy, linear-quadratic model, biologically effective dose, TUMOR VASCULAR-PERMEABILITY, INCOMPLETE-REPAIR MODEL, DOSE-RATE IRRADIATION, CERVICAL SPINAL-CORD, ALPHA/BETA-RATIO, EXPERIMENTAL RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, TARGETED RADIOTHERAPY, CONTROL PROBABILITY, PROSTATE-CANCER, CELL-SURVIVAL ...

The characteristics of EMT6 tumors in young adult (3- to 4-month-old) and aged (20- to 28-month-old) BALB/c KaRw mice were compared. The number of tumor cells implanted s.c. necessary to cause tumors in 50% of the injection sites was lower in aging than in young adult mice (69 and 138 cells for young adult mice versus 8.8 and 16 cells for aging mice in two experiments). The latent period of intradermally implanted tumors was shorter in aging mice than in young animals; however, the growth curves of established tumors were similar. The number and appearance of lung colonies after injection of cells i.v. and the pattern of spontaneous metastases were similar in young and aged animals. The cloning efficiencies (viabilities) of cells suspended from tumors in young adult and aging animals were the same (approximately 30% in both groups). Radiation dose-response curves for the cells of tumors in young and aging mice were different and suggested that the proportion of hypoxic cells was higher in tumors ...

This project is part of the DOE research program on the biological effects of low dose and dose rate ionizing radiation. This DOE program is designed to support and conduct science that can impact the subsequent development of health risk policy for low dose radiation exposures in the US. The overall, long-term goal of this project is to increase understanding of the responses of cells to the low doses of ionizing radiation typically encountered in environmental level exposures. To achieve this objective, we couple use of a unique focused soft X-ray facility for low dose irradiation of individual cells or irradiation of specific subcellular regions of cells with studies of the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in cells. The project includes seven specific goals: (1) Determine the response of individual cells to low doses of ionizing radiation from a focused soft X-ray beam with a 250 nm diameter beam spot. (2) Determine the response of cells to ROS generated by chemical agents in a

Downloadable! We examine the ability of the simple linear-quadratic model under rational expectations to explain dynamic behaviour of aggregate Canadian imports. In contrast to authors of previous studies who examine dynamic behaviour using the LQ model, we estimate the structural parameters using the Euler equation in a limited information framework that does not require an explicit solution for the models control variables in terms of the exogenous forcing variables. In the first stage of our two-step methodology, we find statistically stable long-run elasticities of domestic activity and relative price to be about 1.5 and -0.5 over the sample period of estimation. In the second stage, we use the parameter estimates from the first stage and estimate the Euler equation. These empirical estimates imply that adjustment costs are about 9 to 13 times more important than disequilibrium costs. In sum, we find surprisingly encouraging evidence supporting the view that the LQ model is not inconsistent with

We examine the ability of the simple linear-quadratic model under rational expectations to explain dynamic behaviour of aggregate Canadian imports. In contrast to authors of previous studies who examine dynamic behaviour using the LQ model, we estimate the structural parameters using the Euler equation in a limited information framework that does not require an explicit solution for the models control variables in terms of the exogenous forcing variables. In the first stage of our two-step methodology, we find statistically stable long-run elasticities of domestic activity and relative price to be about 1.5 and -0.5 over the sample period of estimation. In the second stage, we use the parameter estimates from the first stage and estimate the Euler equation. These empirical estimates imply that adjustment costs are about 9 to 13 times more important than disequilibrium costs. In sum, we find surprisingly encouraging evidence supporting the view that the LQ model is not inconsistent with the ...

Given the complexity of the carcinogenic process and the lack of any mechanistic understanding of how ionizing radiation at low-level exposures affects the multistage, multimechanism processes of carcinogenesis, it is imperative that concepts and paradigms be reexamined when extrapolating from high dose to low dose. Any health effect directly linked to low-dose radiation exposure must have molecular/biochemical and biological bases. On the other hand, demonstrating some molecular/biochemical or cellular effect, using surrogate systems for the human being, does not necessarily imply a corresponding health effect. Given the general acceptance of an extrapolated LNT model, our current understanding of carcinogenesis cries out for a resolution of a real problem. How can a low-level acute, or even a chronic, exposure of ionizing radiation bring about all the different mechanisms (mutagenic, cytotoxic, and epigenetic) and genotypic/phenotypic changes needed to convert normal cells to an invasive, malignant

December 20, 2011 - The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) acknowledged in a recent statement that the risks associated with medical imaging and any medical procedure must be balanced with its benefits. Alarmist and sensational speculation about the risk of low-dose radiation exposure may cause patients to refuse these life-saving medical tests. The statement goes on to say:. (AAPM) acknowledges that medical imaging procedures should be appropriate and conducted at the lowest radiation dose consistent with acquisition of the desired information. Discussion of risks related to radiation dose from medical imaging procedures should be accompanied by acknowledgment of the benefits of the procedures. Risks of medical imaging at effective doses below 50 mSv for single procedures or 100 mSv for multiple procedures over short time periods are too low to be detectable and may be nonexistent. Predictions of hypothetical cancer incidence and deaths in patient populations exposed to such ...

Doubly cloned 13762NF rat mammary adenocarcinoma sublines of differing spontaneous metastatic potentials were tested for their response to ionizing radiation in vitro. Cells were irradiated using a 137Cs source, and colony formation was used to measure radiation survival. Heterogeneous responses of the various clones were observed and compared to clonal origin, spontaneous metastatic potential from mammary fat pad sites, and in vitro passage number. Clones MTF4 and MTF7, both derived from the locally growing tumor and possessing intermediate metastatic potentials, exhibited characteristic radiation survival curves (n = 8, Do = 89 rads, and n = 3, Do = 78 rads respectively). Clone MTA, also derived from the locally growing tumor but possessing high metastatic potential, had a more linear dose response to γ-irradiation (n = 1, Do = 143 rads, r = -0.99). Clone MTLn2, a lung metastases-derived clone which possesses a low metastatic potential, also exhibited a linear response (n = 1, Do = 175 rads, ...

Chronic Low Dose Rate Ionizing Radiation Exposure Induces Premature Senescence in Human Fibroblasts that Correlates with Up Regulation of Proteins Involved in Protection against Oxidative Stress. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

BULGULAR: al mam zda iyonize radyasyon ile mesane damar endotelinde HIF-1α antikoru ile 3. grupta kuvvetli boyanma izlenirken di er gruplar n boyanma iddeti daha az idi. VEGF incelendi inde, 1. ve 4. grupta zay f boyanma izlenirken, 2. grupta orta derecede, 3.grupta ise kuvvetli boyanma izlendi. eIF2, 1. ve 4. grupta kuvvetli boyanma g stermi , 2. ve 3. grupta ise zay f boyanm t . TIA-1 ile yap lan de erlendirmede ise 1. grupta zay f boyanma zellikleri g zlenirken, 2. ve 4. grup orta derecede, 3. grupta ise olduk a kuvvetli boyanma izlendi. al mam zda TSP-1 ile boyanma 1. grup rneklerde olduk a kuvvetli g zlenirken, di er gruplarda boyanma zellikleri olduk a zay f izlendi ...

The hematopoiesis system plays an important part in maintaining the vitality of mammals [1-3]. Functional cells of this system transport oxygen in the blood, provide specific and nonspecific immune...

We and others have shown that low-dose X or gamma irradiation of mice leads to an increase in their survival after a subsequent lethal high-dose irradiation. The greatest increase in radioresistance appears at a fixed window of dose and time, e.g. 8 weeks after 5-10 cGy or 2 weeks after 50 cGy preir …

Researchers at MIT and elsewhere have found a new way to measure radiation damage in materials, quickly, cheaply and continuously, using transient grating spectroscopy.

There is certainly a time and a place for both fresh and dried herbs. But how do we know the when and where? What about non-irradiated herbs?

She should have said, Sure, I have a great idea as to how the flagellum arose, but right now it doesnt involve mutation or natural selection. Here it is: When a species is on the brink of exinction, it sets off a chain reaction in an alternate universe that sends signals of complex specific information into this universe via the 11th dimension. These signals build up in the DNA of the organism to produce, in some cases, a new and functional feature that aids in the species survival. This is how irreducibly complex features arise in organisms. I call my new theory Information Directed Into Obvious Targets theory (IDIOT for short), which posits that the diversity in life cannot have arisen without the injection of information from alternate universes via the 11th dimension. Its about as plausible and testable what you are spouting here, dear Sir.. ...

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Micro-RDC has developed portable radiation effects test structures that scale to new process nodes.These structures will enable the investigation of the effects of radiation on the new technology from the material processing level as well as the circuit level.Fabricating the chosen structures and the refinement of software to extract the model parameters will be completed in this effort.A suite of .... ...

Preparative scale chromatographic separation of open-circular (oc) from supercoiled (sc) plasmid DNA (pDNA) isoforms has been already established on CIM®

Diagnostic and therapeutic radiation fields are planned so as to reduce side-effects while maximising the dose to site but effects on healthy tissues are inevitable. Radiation causes strand breaks in DNA of exposed cells which can lead to chromosomal aberrations and cause malfunction and cell death. Several researchers have highlighted the damaging effects of high dose radiation but still there is a lacuna in identifying damage due to low dose radiation used for diagnostic purposes. Blood is an easy resource to study genotoxicity and to estimate the effects of radiation. The micronucleus assay and chromosomal aberration can indicate genetic damage and our present aim was to establish these with lymphocytes in an in vitro model to predict the immediate effects low dose radiation. Blood was collected from healthy individuals and divided into 6 groups with increasing radiation dose i.e., 0Gy, 0.10Gy, 0.25Gy, 0.50Gy, 1Gy and 2Gy. The samples were irradiated in duplicates using a LINAC in the radiation

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-stranded RNA molecules that regulate the stability or translational efficiency of target messenger RNAs. Specific miRNAs are required for strict tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression. These miRNAs have roles in many human tumor malignancies and their expression is specifically regulated on each stage of oncogenic process. Therefore, miRNA expression profiling can be used as a new class of biomarker that indicates the development of cancer. Many recent studies indicated that cell exposure to ionizing radiation also induces various physiological responses including DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, cell death and differentiation. In addition, some studies suggest that exposure to low dose radiation induces a favorable effect on cells. However, the functions of miRNAs related to the response of irradiated cells have not been well studied, especially after low dose radiation. In this study, expression profiles of miRNAs isolated from irradiated cells at ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Radiation-related new primary solid cancers in the childhood cancer survivor study. T2 - Comparative radiation dose response and modification of treatment effects. AU - Inskip, Peter D.. AU - Sigurdson, Alice J.. AU - Veiga, Lene. AU - Bhatti, Parveen. AU - Ronckers, Cécile. AU - Rajaraman, Preetha. AU - Boukheris, Houda. AU - Stovall, Marilyn. AU - Smith, Susan. AU - Hammond, Sue. AU - Henderson, Tara O.. AU - Watt, Tanya C.. AU - Mertens, Ann C.. AU - Leisenring, Wendy. AU - Stratton, Kayla. AU - Whitton, John. AU - Donaldson, Sarah S.. AU - Armstrong, Gregory T.. AU - Robison, Leslie L.. AU - Neglia, Joseph P.. PY - 2016/3/15. Y1 - 2016/3/15. N2 - Objectives The majority of childhood cancer patients now achieve long-term survival, but the treatments that cured their malignancy often put them at risk of adverse health outcomes years later. New cancers are among the most serious of these late effects. The aims of this review are to compare and contrast radiation dose-response ...

Since the 1970s, mammograms have made a huge impact on detecting breast cancer in its earliest stages, when it is most treatable - it remains the best method for early detection today, says Mary Lechner, MD, medical director at Park Nicollet Jane Brattain Breast Center.. During a mammogram, low dose radiation (X-ray) is passed through a compressed breast, source ifreebudget.com/lipo-flavonoid-plus-reviews.html. The compression is necessary to provide an accurate picture. Images produced by mammograms can detect a tumor as early as two years before a doctor or patient can feel a lump.. I tell women that yearly mammograms can reassure them that their breasts are normal - and if there is an abnormality, mammograms can detect it early, when there are more treatment options if it proves to be cancer, and survival rates are higher, Dr. Lechner says.. ...

Genomic instability (GI) is a hallmark of tumorigenic progression and is observed as delayed genetic damage in the progeny of irradiated and unirradiated bystander cells. The expression of GI can be influenced by genotype, cell type and radiation quality. While several studies have demonstrated the induction of GI by high and low-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, our work on human and mouse primary cell systems has shown LET-dependent differences in the induction and expression of GI. These differences might be attributed to differences in radiation track structure, dose rate, contribution of bystander cells and radiation dose. This paper reviews the role of radiation quality in the induction of GI and describe the possible mechanisms underlining the observed differences between radiation types on its induction. The experimental results presented suggest that dose might be the most significant factor in determining induction of GI after low-LET radiation.

Research, published in PLOS Genetics, reports that low doses of radiation used in medical imaging may lead to mutations in cell cultures.. Prof Geraldine Thomas, Professor of Molecular Pathology, Imperial College London, said:. This is an interesting paper that seeks to investigate the how various types of DNA repair affect random integration of DNA from non-chromosomal sources following a double strand break. This paper should not be taken as evidence that low dose radiation exposure is likely to result in DNA integration when used in diagnostic procedures in vivo, nor should this work be taken for evidence that exposure to low dose radiation results in cancer in man. In terms of the mechanisms by which this might occur it is interesting, but caution should be taken before extrapolating results on cell lines (murine or human) into the likely effects of radiation in vivo in man. Cell lines are produced as a result of clonal selection in vitro - this process results in a change in the genetic ...

Another aspect of our proposal relates to the rate at which cells are exposed to the radiation. A given dose of total radiation can be given over short or long time frames; if that exposure time is short then the rate is higher that if that dose is delivered over longer periods of time. Much of our past data of space radiation effects in the brain have been done under conditions of high dose rate, largely due to a number of practical limitations. In space however, most dose rates are low, and because the response of cells might differ, studies are needed to determine how cells respond to the types of radiation in space when delivered at low dose rates. Our current proposal will compare the types of changes found in neural precursor cells at low dose rate to those changes found previously at high dose rate. Results from these studies will be critical in enhancing our knowledge base of the risks associated with exposure of the brain to the radiation fields in space ...

Purpose: The clinical radiation responses of different organs vary widely and likely depend on the intrinsic radiosensitivities of their different cell populations. Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are the most deleterious form of DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation, and the cells capacity to rejoin radiation-induced DSBs is known to affect their intrinsic radiosensitivity. To date, only little is known about the induction and processing of radiation-induced DSBs in complex normal tissues. Using an in vivo model with repair-proficient mice, the highly sensitive {gamma}H2AX immunofluorescence was established to investigate whether differences in DSB rejoining could account for the substantial differences in clinical radiosensitivity observed among normal tissues. Methods and Materials: After whole body irradiation of C57BL/6 mice (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 Gy), the formation and rejoining of DSBs was analyzed by enumerating {gamma}H2AX foci in various organs representative of both early-responding ...

The presentation reviews the modus operandi of the dose modifying drug Pentoxifylline and the dose enhancement factors which can be achieved in different cell types. Preclinical and clinical data show that Pentoxifylline improves the oxygenation of hypoxic tumours and enhances tumour control by irradiation. In vitro experiments demonstrate that Pentoxifylline also operates when oxygen is not limiting and produces dose modifying factors in the region of 1.2 - 2.0. This oxygen independent effect is poorly understood. In p53 mutant cells irradiation induces a G2 block which is abrogated by Pentoxifylline. The enhancement of cell kill observed when Pentoxifylline and irradiation are given together could arise from rapid entry of damaged tumour cells into mitosis and propagation of DNA lesions as the result of curtailment of repair time. Recovery ratios and repair experiments using CFGE after high dose irradiation demonstrate that Pentoxifylline inhibits repair directly and that curtailment of repair ...

Definition of radiation effects in the Definitions.net dictionary. Meaning of radiation effects. What does radiation effects mean? Information and translations of radiation effects in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web.

Cell survival curves (a) and the net micronucleus (MN) frequencies (b) afterin vivoirradiation using neutron beams without the10B-carrier as a function of the p

This is to our knowledge the first study on hippocampal volumes after low dose radiation to the basal part of the adult human brain. Although the dose to the hippocampus could not be calculated directly, the estimates of radiation dose to relevant areas are probably more exact than in any previous study. The small study size is an effect of our ambitions to minimize the influence of confounding factors in an original sample of 101 patients. Moreover, the patient sample is homogeneous in terms of treatment with the exception of two patients who received a higher radiation dose; these were treated separately in the statistical analysis.. Automatic methods for hippocampal volumetry are rapidly gaining acceptance. They have undisputed advantages in terms of cost, inter-rater reliability and comparability between studies. However, for small-scale studies involving only intra-study comparisons, we would argue that manual segmentation is still superior. This is even more so since the issue of ICV ...

The hyper-radiosensitivity phenomenon seems to be most prominent in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, which suggests that actively proliferating cell populations may have increased radiosensitivity to very low radiation doses (28). Recently, Dey et al. (15) showed that low doses of fractionated radiation cause enhanced cell killing in a p53-independent manner in vitro. The concept of low-dose radiation delivered in fractions has been applied in preclinical experiments in which SQ20B cells xenografted into nude mice and treated with LDFRT combined with docetaxel showed complete tumor eradication and durable response in the nude mice xenografts (16). Arnold et al. (29) enrolled 40 patients in a single-arm neo-adjuvant clinical trial in which patients with advanced head and neck cancer were treated successfully (i.e., excellent response rates) with low-dose fractionated radiation combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel before definitive therapy.. Induced radiation resistance (IRR), a radiobiological ...

Background: Although the effects of high dose radiation on human cells and tissues are relatively well defined, there is no consensus regarding the effects of low and very low radiation doses on the organism. Ionizing radiation has been shown to induce gene mutations and chromosome aberrations which are known to be involved in the process of carcinogenesis. The induction of secondary cancers is a challenging long-term side effect in oncologic patients treated with radiation. Medical sources of radiation like intensity modulated radiotherapy used in cancer treatment and computed tomography used in diagnostics, deliver very low doses of radiation to large volumes of healthy tissue, which might contribute to increased cancer rates in long surviving patients and in the general population ...

Studies in vitro have suggested that sub-millisecond pulses of radiation produce less genomic instability than continuous prolonged irradiation at the same total dose. In a study reported in Science Translational Medicine, Favaudon and colleagues assessed the effects of ultrahigh dose-rate irradiation (FLASH) in mouse models.. In C57BL/6J mice exposed to short pulses (≤ 500 ms) of radiation at ultrahigh dose rate (FLASH at ≥ 40 Gy/s) or to conventional dose-rate irradiation (≤ 0.03 Gy/s) in single doses, conventional treatment at 15 Gy resulted in lung fibrosis associated with activation of the transforming growth factor-β cascade, whereas no complications were observed after FLASH doses , 20 Gy for , 36 weeks after irradiation.. FLASH irradiation was also not associated with acute radiation-induced apoptosis in normal smooth muscle and epithelial cells; apoptosis could be reinduced by treatment with systemic tumor necrosis factor-α prior to irradiation. FLASH was as effective as ...

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The poor prognosis of lung cancer has barely changed in the last decades, but the prognosis is better when the disease is detected earlier.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Suppression and recovery of the immune response and CFU potential of mice during and after chronic low-dose-rate gamma-irradiation. AU - Hubner, Karl. AU - Gengozian, N.. AU - Gilman, T. A.. PY - 1975/1/1. Y1 - 1975/1/1. N2 - Chronic exposure of mice to 60Co γrays at rates of 1·6 R/hr and 6 R/hr leads to profound immunosuppression, as demonstrated with the Jerne haemolysis-in-agar technique. The immunosuppressive effect is dose-rate dependent. Thus, significant reduction of the number of splenic antibody plaque-forming cells (PFC) to sheep red blood cells is seen after exposure to 1005 R at 1·6 R/hr; at the higher exposure rate of 6 R/hr, PFC suppression is seen after a total dose of only 468 R. Although recovery of the PFC response is possible after accumulated doses of 1005, 1579, and 2138 R at 6 R/hr and 5256 R at 1·6 R/hr, normal immunological capacity had not returned 120 days after irradiation. In contrast the recovery of splenic colony-forming units (CFU), as an ...

serendipitous contamination of 1700 apartments in Taiwan with cobalt-60 (T1/2 = 5.3 y). This experience indicates that chronic exposure of the whole body to low-dose-rate radiation, even accumulated to a high annual dose, may be beneficial to human health. Approximately 10,000 people occupied these buildings and received an average radiation dose of 0.4 Sv, unknowingly, during a 9-20 year period. They did not suffer a higher incidence of cancer mortality, as the LNT theory would predict. On the contrary, the incidence of cancer deaths in this population was greatly reduced-to about 3 per cent of the incidence of spontaneous cancer death in the general Taiwan public. In addition, the incidence of congenital malformations was also reduced - to about 7 per cent of the incidence in the general public. These observations appear to be compatible with the radiation hormesis model. ...

TUESDAY, Sept. 17, 2019 (HealthDay News) -- In what might be a major breakthrough, researchers report that high doses of radiation dramatically prolonged survival in men battling an advanced and aggressive form of prostate cancer.. This particular type of cancer occurs when tumors resurface and spread to a number of areas beyond the prostate among patients who were in remission following radiation, surgery or chemotherapy. Generally, the outlook for the patient at this point is grim, the researchers noted.. But in working with 54 patients, the investigators found that highly targeted stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) can block both tumor spread and growth in most patients. Only 19% of 35 treated patients experienced disease progression in the six months after treatment. More than half remained progression-free a full year out.. By comparison, 61% of 19 untreated patients (the observation group) saw their cancer grow. Thats a difference that study author Dr. Ryan Phillips, a ...

Purpose: To investigate the effect of radiation protraction on biologically effective dose (BED) in the case when dose per fraction is significantly greater than the standard dose of 2 Gy.Methods: By using the modified linear-quadratic model with monoexponential repair, the authors investigate the effect of long treatment times combined with dose escalation.Results: The dependences of the protraction factor and the corresponding BED on fraction time were determined for different doses per fraction typical for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). In the calculations, the authors consider changes in the BED to the normal tissue under the condition of fixed BED to the target.Conclusion: The obtained results demonstrate that simultaneous increase in fraction time and dose per fraction can be beneficial for SRS and SBRT because of the related decrease in BED to normal structures while BED to the target is fixed. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Accessory neuropathy after high-dose radiation therapy for tongue-base carcinoma [1]. AU - Mizobuchi, Keiko. AU - Kincaid, John. PY - 2003/11/1. Y1 - 2003/11/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0242268481&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0242268481&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1002/mus.10456. DO - 10.1002/mus.10456. M3 - Letter. C2 - 14571473. AN - SCOPUS:0242268481. VL - 28. SP - 650. EP - 651. JO - Muscle and Nerve. JF - Muscle and Nerve. SN - 0148-639X. IS - 5. ER - ...

The generation of humanized mice requires detailed descriptions of the genotype, age, sex, and conditioning regimens. Humanization itself shows animal-to-animal variance as does time following any procedure as well as the sources of the cells. Complicating testing even further are the variances of the microbial pathogens studied, which includes viruses, parasites and bacteria. In the quest to use such animals for biomarker and extended therapeutic studies of microbial susceptibility, graft longevity and anti-viral/microbial drug resistance all become notable considerations (Choudhary et al., 2009; Nischang et al., 2012). If such factors were not complicated enough, hematologic abnormalities and altered body weight seen in humanized mice serve to complicate studies even further. The reduction of body weight by low dose irradiation is linked to reduced bone density but to increased fat tissue proportion. Multiple genetic defects present in NSG mice affects multiple cell/organ functions (Kikutani ...

In the experiment, we used a technique for administering special material (alloxan) and causing diabetes in healthy mice and, by analyzing and comparing the blood glucose level of mice that been irradiated by a low dose of radiation and mice that were not irradiated, we examined whether low dose irradiation controlled the incidence of diabetes ...

Reports, articles and other documents harvested from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information.. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) is the Department of Energy (DOE) office that collects, preserves, and disseminates DOE-sponsored research and development (R&D) results that are the outcomes of R&D projects or other funded activities at DOE labs and facilities nationwide and grantees at universities and other institutions.. ...

Convert 1 millirem x-radiation to centigrays, mrem X to cGy unit converter with conversion cards, convert between any units of radiation absorbed dose

Radiation, whether ionizing or non-ionizing and whether naturally occurring or emitted by man-made devices, is omnipresent in the environment and has an impact on human life and health. One kind of radiation may alter the effects of other types of radiation. Also, different radiation types may modify effects of various chemicals. The specialty of...

Radiation, whether ionizing or non-ionizing and whether naturally occurring or emitted by man-made devices, is omnipresent in the environment and has an impact on human life and health. One kind of radiation may alter the effects of other types of radiation. Also, different radiation types may modify effects of various chemicals. The specialty of...

RESULTS: Cultures derived from irradiated cells contained significantly more vHMEC, lacking senescence associated beta-galactosidase or p16 expression, than cultures derived from unirradiated cells. As expected, post-stasis vHMEC cultures derived from both unirradiated and irradiated cells exhibited more extensive methylation of the p16 gene than pre-stasis HMEC cultures. However, the extent of methylation of individual CpG sites in vHMEC samples did not correlate with passage number or treatment. Exposure to sparsely or densely ionizing radiation elicited similar increases in the numbers of vHMEC compared to unirradiated controls. Agent-based modeling indicated that radiation-induced premature senescence of normal HMEC most likely accelerated vHMEC outgrowth through alleviation of spatial constraints. Subsequent experiments using defined co-cultures of vHMEC and senescent cells supported this mechanism ...

In addition to the material, the secret of the new radiation detector lies in its really small scale. The nanowire running through the middle of the radiation detector is only about a micrometre long, two hundred nanometres wide and a few tens of nanometres thick, says Roope Kokkoniemi, who studied the bolometer at Aalto University.. A bolometer works by measuring the heating effect of radiation. When a bolometer heats up, its electrical characteristics change, and this can be measured with high precision. The smaller the bolometer, the less radiation is required to heat it.. A small radiation detector has a low heat capacity, so weak radiation provides a stronger signal, Kokkoniemi explains.. Better protection. Quantum computers operate in cryostats, extremely cold super-freezers, in which even the smallest amount of excess radiation causes a lot of disturbance. As nanobolometers are very sensitive, they could conveniently measure the level of excess radiation in the cryostat in order to ...

The new high-resolution CT system with low radiation dose Radiation dose reduction of up to 83% in cardiac scans and 50% across the rest of the body Improved resolution--33% higher than the conventional ...

Powerful Lies - The Fukushima Nuclear Disaster And The Radioactive Effects On Human Health By Richard Wilcox PhD 2-22-13 Rense.com,

In 1926, Herman Muller conducted the famous expetiments of the radiation-induced mutation in Drosphila, which shows a linear increase with the the total dose. Later, Purdom and McSheehy irradiated Drosophila with much lower dose rate to find out if there is a dose-rate dependence in the mutation frequency.(3) Here, we reexamine their date with WAM model and found that the data is reproduced well with our model. We will discuss the possible dose-rate dependence of the radiation-induced mutation frequency in Drosophila ...

The paper presents the design of a discrete linear quadratic gaussian (DLQG) compensator for SSR damping which includes a full order Kalman filter to estimate all the states of the system and a full state feedback regulator. The controller is tested on IEEE First Benchmark model for SSR studies. A discrete linear-time invariant (LTI) model of a thyristor-controlled series capacitor (TCSC) in the synchronously rotating DQ reference frame is used in this system in which, the sample invariance is achieved by a simple transformation of the zero sequence variables in the discrete domain. This model of discrete TCSC is then integrated with discretised LTI model of the rest of the system under study. Thyristor firing is based on current synchronised phase-locked loop and the sampling frequency is six times the synchronous frequency. The eigen value analysis is done for this integrated system for different angles of conduction of the thyristor. The modeled system is having 27 state variables including ...

The paper presents the design of a discrete linear quadratic gaussian (DLQG) compensator for SSR damping which includes a full order Kalman filter to estim

This Workshop will be held at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy from 11 - 22 May 2020. It assists Ph.D. students and early-career researchers in developing a quantitative understanding of the impact of radiation damage on materials, both for existing fission and proposed fusion reactors. There is an emphasis on the conceptual progression of theoretical and experimental techniques across spatial scales from atomistic descriptions to the macroscopic behaviour of bulk material ...

Luckey hopes to change that viewpoint and argues that more than 3000 scientific papers in the research literature point to low doses of radiation as being beneficial in human health. He points out that, as with many environmental factors, we have evolved to live successfully in the presence of ionising radiations. His own research suggests that radiation exposure can minimise infectious disease, reduce the incidence of cancer in the young, and substantially increase average lifespan.. Studies on the growth, average lifespan, and decreased cancer mortality rates of humans exposed to low-dose irradiation show improved health, explains Luckey. This represents good evidence that we live with a partial radiation deficiency and that greater exposure to radiation would improve our health, a notion supported by 130 on the health of people living in parts of the world with higher background levels of ionising radiation than average.. Luckey suggests that the medical use of small samples of partially ...

Trouvez tous les livres de Uberuaga, Blas P.;Kotomin, Eugene A.;Sickafus, Kurt E. - Radiation Effects in Solids. Sur eurolivre.fr,vous pouvez commander des livres anciens et neufs.COMPARER ET acheter IMMÉDIATEMENT au meilleur prix. 9781402052934

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Single imaging treatments dont harm the patient, but the radiation exposure can add up. GE is looking to balance the risk and rewards in imaging tests.

According to the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the lethal dose of radiation is in the range of 400 to 450 rem. This level of radiation causes death to around 50 percent of a population...

Mahameru International offer an extensive array of services supported by well-equipped facilities to detect the onset of diseases and to provide medical care in various medical disciplines.

Mahameru International offer an extensive array of services supported by well-equipped facilities to detect the onset of diseases and to provide medical care in various medical disciplines.

Adhesion of leukocytes (big white dots) on the vascular endothelium in blood vessels. From left to right : non-irradiated control ; untreated irradiated skin 60 days after 20 Gy irradiation; irradiated skin treated by injection of bone marrow stem, 60 days after a 20 Gy irradiation. ...

The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Read our disclaimer for details ...

I. BARAN, C. LOPRESTI, F. MUSUMECI, G. PRIVITERA, S. PRIVITERA, A. SCORDINO, S. TUDISCO, V. BARAN, G.A.P. CIRRONE, L.RAFFAELE, L. VALASTRO Radiation effects on cell proliferation ...

Punctuation after a set-off equation is helpful and often clarifies the meaning. Display equations are often preceded by punctuation. In the linear quadratic equation model, the survival probability for cells receiving a j increment of radiation, Dj, is as follows: S = exp(−αDj − βDj), where α and β are the parameters of the linear quadratic equation model. Do not use periods after a set-off equation if the equation is preceded by a period. |

Punctuation after a set-off equation is helpful and often clarifies the meaning. Display equations are often preceded by punctuation. In the linear quadratic equation model, the survival probability for cells receiving a j increment of radiation, Dj, is as follows: S = exp(−αDj − βDj), where α and β are the parameters of the linear quadratic equation model. Do not use periods after a set-off equation if the equation is preceded by a period. |

Article Radiation response modification: novel approaches. Current limitations in the application of radiomodifiers refer to significant acute toxicity, intravenous administration for most of them and loss of most antiradiation properties when radiat...

This method consists of a sensitive radiographic film being placed under a specific component i.e. a weld or casting. The Component is then exposed to ionizing radiation either X-Radiation or Gamma Radiation. This radiation will pass through the component and expose the film beneath it, leading to what is known as the latent image on…