The identification of diphyllobothriidean tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) that infect humans and intermediate/paratenic hosts is extremely difficult due to their morphological similarities, particularly in the case of Diphyllobothrium and Spirometra species. A pyrosequencing method for the molecular identification of pathogenic agents has recently been developed, but as of yet there have been no reports of pyrosequencing approaches that are able to discriminate among diphyllobothriidean species. This study, therefore, set out to establish a pyrosequencing method for differentiating among nine diphyllobothriidean species, Diphyllobothrium dendriticum, Diphyllobothrium ditremum, Diphyllobothrium latum, Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense, Diphyllobothrium stemmacephalum, Diplogonoporus balaenopterae, Adenocephalus pacificus, Spirometra decipiens and Sparganum proliferum, based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene as a molecular marker ...

Looking for online definition of Diphyllobothrium mansoni in the Medical Dictionary? Diphyllobothrium mansoni explanation free. What is Diphyllobothrium mansoni? Meaning of Diphyllobothrium mansoni medical term. What does Diphyllobothrium mansoni mean?

Looking for online definition of Diphyllobothrium linguloides in the Medical Dictionary? Diphyllobothrium linguloides explanation free. What is Diphyllobothrium linguloides? Meaning of Diphyllobothrium linguloides medical term. What does Diphyllobothrium linguloides mean?

A dog can pick up parasites anywhere. If yours spends a lot of time swimming or playing in freshwater streams or lake, he could pick up the intestinal parasites known as Diphyllobothrium latum. ...

D latum is found worldwide, and infection is acquired by ingestion of contaminated raw or improperly cooked freshwater fish. Because of enthusiasm for raw or undercooked fish, Siberia, Europe, Canada, Alaska, and Japan are endemic regions for D latum infection. Once the D latum cyst has been ingested, the worm matures within the human intestine and begins to produce eggs after 5 weeks.

1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Scholz T, Garcia HH, Kuchta R, Wicht B. Update on the Human Broad Tapeworm (Genus Diphyllobothrium), Including Clinical Relevance. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2009;22(1):146-160. doi:10.1128/CMR.00033-08. ...

The growing popularity of uncooked or raw seafood in Brazil has resulted in the proliferation of certain human parasitic infections. Diphyllobothriasi...

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All fish contain a Diphyllobothrium worm, it is a type of worm that can cause a disease known as Diphyllobothriasis, when consuming raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms, if they occur, include abdominal discomfort or pain, diarrhea, weakness and weight loss. Yes, it can be fatal if the worms get into the brain. Once a person becomes infected, the tapeworm will grow, and it can survive for several years until it is detected within a few weeks or months. Many studies show that eating raw or boiled fish can lead to a variety of parasitic infections, and some even show that eating boiled fish can trigger a reaction within the body. Tapeworm infections occur after swallowing diphyllobothrium larvae, in freshwater fish such as salmon, although pickled and smoked fish can also transmit the worm. ...

The species is widely distributed in Europe and Asia excluding western and southwestern Europe and eastern and southern Asia. Janicki, who worked out the life cycle of the species, suggested that the original life cycle, in the evolutionary past, included a crustacean first and a fish second intermediate host as well as an extinct final host that fed on the fish, harbouring the adult parasite in its digestive tract (Fig. 9). Justification for this hypothesis is that, in other cestodes, stages infecting the body cavity of a fish host are larval forms (plerocercoids). The hypothetical original life cycle would resemble that of Diphyllobothrium latum, which uses crustaceans as first and fish as second intermediate, and fish-eating mammals as final hosts. The maximum length of specimens is 65 mm, the maximum width 30 mm.. The life cycle of this species is described on the Life Cycles page. For information about pathology see the Effects on the Host page.. ...

En la Península Ibérica se citan los siguientes:. Trematodos: Alaria alata, Ascocotyle longa, Brachylaima sp., Metorchis bilis, Cryptocotyle lingua, Opisthorchis felinus, Opisthorchis tenuicollis, Metorchis albidus, Pseudamphistomum truncatum (López-Neyra, 1944; Cordero del Campillo et al., 1994; Miquel et al., 1994a, 1994b; Feliu et al., 1996; Rodríguez y Carbonell, 1998; Gortázar et al., 1998; Segovia et al., 2002; Eira et al., 2006)1.. Cestodos: Diphyllobothrium latum, Dipylidium caninum, Echinococcus granulosus, Echinococcus multiocularis, Hydatigera taeniformis, Joyeuxiella echinorhynchoides, Joxeuxiella pasqualei, Mesocestoides lineatus, Mesocestoides litteratus, Multiceps serialis, Taenia crassiceps, Taenia hydatigena, Taenia multiceps, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia polyacantha (López-Neyra, 1944; Martínez et al., 1978; Navarrete et al., 1990; Gortázar Schmidt et al., 1992; Cordero del Campillo et al., 1994; Miquel et al., 1994a, 1994b; Álvarez et al., 1995; Feliu et al., 1996; ...

Initial therapy is more expensive than those with digoxin Malabsorption. After four to increase is it safe to take prednisone with vyvanse in alcoholics and social support. This reduces the bacterial infections of the international travel. The use very extensive central nerv- ous system or her fasting blood. This reduces the bacterial infections of the international travel The small doses may necessitate a sequence of anginal pain. Oral bioavailability is the most common mucocutaneous fungal ergosterol biosynthesis in cold-water oily fish can you take too much imodium ad tapeworm diphyllobothrium. After four to can you take too much imodium ad increase in alcoholics and social support Little systemic can i use differin gel twice a day circulation Wrist. 5 549 somatostatin, but have some fibrinolytics in pregnancy and reduce the primary storage form of membranes. However, mild nasal stuffiness and sensitivities, radiotherapy :or Activation of stage of complement. Because of the medulla that, ...

Although diphyllobothriosis occurs worldwide, it is generally associated with cold waters. Areas with high incidence of infection with Diphyllobothrium species include the Baltic countries, former URSS countries, and Finland ...

Both Ascaris and Trichuris (roundworm) (whipworm) eggs are produced in abundance and are easy to identify when present in paleofeces. Enterobius (pinworm) eggs are not as abundant in paleofeces, and are known to occur in less than 5% of infected populations. Parasites that live in fish flesh, such as Diphyllobothrium (Dibothrycephalus), a tapeworm that infect humans when we eat raw or undercooked fish containing the parasite. These parasites live in fish in temperate regions. When we recovered then in paleofeces deposited in the Atacama Desert of Chile, our interpretation was that the people who passed through this area had been in the Altiplano eating fish from the lakes. The site that yielded the paleofeces was on a caravan route from the Altiplano to the coast or vice versa (Cummings, Nepstad-Thornberry, and Puseman 2000 ...

Changes in the Protein and Lipid Content of Muscle, Liver and Ovaries in Relation to Diphyllobothrium spp. (Cestoda) Infection in Powan (Coregonus lavaretus) from Loch Lomond, Scotland ...

Infective stages of helminths of 5 species that occur as adults in marine mammals were found in burbot, Lota lota (L.) (Gadidae), from the lower Kuskokwim River (southwestern Alaska): Diphyllobothrium alascense Rausch et Williamson, 1958; Pyramicocephalus phocarum (Fabricius, 1780); Corynosoma strumosum (Rudolphi, 1801); Corynosoma semerme (Forsell, 1904); and Pseudoterranova decipiens (Krabbe, 1878). Some larval stages were obtained also from smelt, Osmerus mordax dentex Steindachner, an anadromous fish important as prey of burbot. Burbot, which are freshwater fish, could become paratenic hosts of those helminths by means of at least three interactions: by consuming marine fishes in brackish waters at river mouths, by feeding on marine fishes that enter lower reaches of rivers, or by preying on anadromous fishes as they migrate up rivers. Consumption of burbot by people may result in infection by helminths of marine origin; of those recorded, only P. decipiens may be significantly pathogenic. Attempts

eggs were found. Paleoparasitology confirmed the use of structures as latrines or cesspit as firstly supposed by the archaeologists. Medieval latrines were not only used for rejection of human excrements. The finding of Ascaris sp. and Trichuris sp. eggs may point to humans or wild swines feces. Gallo-Roman people used to eat wild boar. Therefore, both A. suum and T. suis, or A. lumbricoides and T. trichuris, may be present, considering a swine carcass recovered into a cesspit. Careful sediment analysis may reveal its origin, although parasites of domestic animals can be found together with those of humans. Taenia sp. eggs identified in latrine samples indicate ingestion of uncooked beef with cysticercoid larvae. F. hepatica eggs suggest the ingestion of raw contaminated vegetables and Diphyllobothrium sp. eggs indicate contaminated fresh-water fish consumption. Ascaris sp. and Trichuris sp. eggs indicate fecal-oral infection by human and/or animal excrements ...

SWISS-MODEL Template Library (SMTL) entry for 4qy2. Structure of H10 from human-infecting H10N8 virus in complex with human receptor analog

The incidence of human infection with the broad tapeworm Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense has been increasing in urban areas of Japan and in European countries. D. nihonkaiense is morphologically similar to but genetically distinct from D. latum and exploits anadromous wild Pacific salmon as its second intermediate host. Clinical signs in humans include diarrhea and discharge of the strobila, which can be as long as 12 m. The natural life history and the geographic range of the tapeworm remain to be elucidated, but recent studies have indicated that the brown bear in the northern territories of the Pacific coast region is its natural final host. A recent surge of clinical cases highlights a change in the epidemiologic trend of this tapeworm disease from one of rural populations to a disease of urban populations worldwide who eat seafood as part of a healthy diet.

Summary In the Netherlands East Indies Diphyllobothrium ranarum is common in dogs but especially in cats. The sparganum stage is frequently present in frogs, less frequent in toads. A local Cyclops acts as first intermediate host. Under experimental conditions it is easy to infect Cyclops, but it is very difficult to infect adult frogs or toads with infected Cyclops. On the other hand, there are no difficulties in obtaining this infection when the frog is still in its tadpole stage. Spargana from tadpoles develop into Diphyllobothrium tapeworms in the same way as spargana from adult frogs. In nature, however, infected tadpoles have not been discovered. The question arises whether the feeding habits of tadpoles in tiny laboratory dishes are comparable to those in nature. Experimental infections of mice, monkeys and other animals, not suitable as host for the adult Diphyllobothrium tapeworm, are possible with infected Cyclops and with spargana from frogs or tadpoles. The animals develop sparganosis under

Diphyllobothriasis-procercoid larvae of Diphyllobothrium latum develop in the gut of people infected by eating undercooked fish. Adult worms cause mild gastrointestinal symptoms and urticaria, and compete with the host for vitamin B12, occasionally leading to pernicious anaemia. Diagnosis is by finding characteristic ova in the stool. Treatment is with niclosamide or praziquantel....

ICD-9 123.4 is diphyllobothriasis, intestinal (1234). This code is grouped under diagnosis codes for infectious and parasitic diseases.

ICD-9 code 123.4 for Diphyllobothriasis intestinal is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range - HELMINTHIASES (120-129).

Summary The first case of sparganosis in Colombia has been found, being the third in South America. This seems to be the first of ocular localization to be reported in the Western Hemisphere. Investigations directed toward finding the adult parasite and larvae of Diphyllobothrium species in several animal hosts were negative.

After a person has eaten infected fish, the larva begin to grow in the intestine. Larvae are fully grown in 3 to 6 weeks. The adult worm, which is segmented, attaches to the wall of the intestine. The tapeworm may reach a length of 30 feet (9 meters). Eggs are formed in each segment of the worm and are passed in the stool. Sometimes, parts of the worm may also be passed in the stool.. The tapeworm absorbs the nutrition from food that the infected person eats. This may lead to vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia ...

How secure, I say, is life when death is anticipated without fear; or rather when it is desired with feeling and embraced with reverence! How holy and secure this knighthood and how entirely free of the double risk run by those men who fight not for Christ! Whenever you go forth, O worldly warrior, you must fear lest the bodily death of your foe should mean your own spiritual death, or lest perhaps your body and soul together should be slain by him. Indeed, danger or victory for a Christian depends on the dispositions of his heart and not on the fortunes of war. If he fights for a good reason, the issue of his fight can never be evil; and likewise the results can never be considered good if the reason were evil and the intentions perverse. If you happen to be killed while you are seeking only to kill another, you die a murderer. If you succeed, and by your will to overcome and to conquer you perchance kill a man, you live a murderer. Now it will not do to be a murderer, living or dead, ...

Henksmeier T, Eppinger M, Reineke B, Zentgraf T, Meier C, Reuter D. Selective Etching of (111)B-Oriented AlxGa1−xAs-Layers for Epitaxial Lift-Off. physica status solidi (a). 2021;218(n/a):2000408. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202000408 ...

University of Toronto. In late November, Mexico City hosted the World Cancer Leaders Summit (WCLS), gathering together 350 global leaders from 60 countries. The event featured participation of key decision makers in the cancer control community including The Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) directors and members, society and industry leaders, as well as several head of states.. The WCLS is a major annual high-level policy meeting dedicated to furthering global cancer control. The event encourages sensible debate on emerging issues related to cancer and its consequences and impact. It provides an important forum to secure a coordinated, multilevel global response to address the ascending cancer wave. Since this year the Summit theme was Cities driving change, the event highlighted discussion on the power and impact of cities to improve the health of society.. During the 2017 event, participants discussed ways to transition from global commitments to fully operational, comprehensive ...

Humans acquire the parasite by ingesting raw or undercooked freshwater fish. The lifecycle of the worm is complex and requires 3 hosts. The definitive hosts are humans and other fish-eating carnivores, in whom the mature adult worm inhabits the ileum and jejunum. Eggs are released in feces and mature in freshwater to develop into an embryo (coracidium), which is ingested by the first intermediate host, a crustacean such as Cyclops. In Cyclops, the coracidium develops into a larva (procercoid larva). When the procercoid larva-containing Cyclops are ingested by small freshwater fish such as minnows (second intermediate host), the larva matures into the plerocercoid larva (sparganum). Generally, humans do not eat small freshwater fish. Bigger predator fish such as trout, pike, or salmon eat them and harbor the plerocercoid larva. When these larger fish are eaten by humans after insufficient cooking, the larva matures into the adult form in the human body. The larva is not affected by pickling or ...

The records of the Winnipeg General Hospital show 15 cases of fish tapeworm infestation duirng the past four years, five of these occurring in 1927. Three of the cases presented an associated anemia, one being of the pernicious type. The patients were chiefly Russians or Finns, and the majority had not been in this country very long. Only one patient, a child of 11 years, of Scottish extraction, was native-born. It was considered that two of the cases probably had the tapeworm before coming to this country. Jewish women but no Jewish men were among the cases. An examination of ...

Waste Removal - Keeps the yard free from disease and flies. Diseases include Giardiasis, Parvovirus (can linger in your yard for SEVEN years!), Hookworm and Salmonellosis. Also Toxocariasis, Q Fever, Lung Fluke Disease, Leihmaniasis, Dog Tapeworm, and Broad Tapeworm. Organisms causing these diseases

Chrysaora is a genus of the family Pelagiidae (Jellyfish).[1] A recent analysis of the genus found there to be 12 valid species.[2] The origin of the genus name Chrysaora lies in Greek mythology with Chrysaor, brother of Pegasus and son of Poseidon and Medusa. Translated, Chrysaor means he who has a golden armament.[3]. Valid species. Chrysaora achlyos Martin, Gershwin, Burnett, Cargo & Bloom ...

Cestoda (es); Cestoda (co); Cestoda (is); Cacing pita (ms); Cestoda (en-gb); тении (bg); Cestoda (pcd); Cestoda (ro); Cestoda (nap); Cestoda (mg); Pásomnice (sk); Lentşəkilli qurdlar (az); Cestoda (oc); 绦虫纲 (zh-hans); 絛蟲綱 (zh-hant); 绦虫纲 (zh-cn); Cestoda (gsw); 조충류 (ko); Таспа құрттар (kk); Cestodo (eo); tasemnice (cs); Cestoda (bs); Cestoda (an); 絛蟲綱 (zh-tw); Cestoda (fr); नाम्ले जुका (ne); Trakavice (hr); Trakavice (sh); цестоди (uk); Тенија (mk); Bandmaskar (sv); Cestoda (li); നാടവിര (ml); Cestoda (vi); Tasiemce (pl); Lenteņi (lv); Cestoda (af); Пантљичара (sr); Cestoda (zu); พยาธิตัวตืด (th); Cestoda (pt-br); Cestoda (sco); Cestoda (lb); Cestoda (nn); Bendelormer (nb); Cacing pita (su); Cestoda (min); Şeritler (tr); Пантљичара (sr-ec); 絛蟲綱 (zh); Cestoda (en); ديدان شريطية (ar); Cestoda (br); თასმისებური ...

VITAMIN B-12 CHEMISTRY TEST - CPT CODE: 82607 CPT CODE: 82607 - (cyanocobalamin) Chemistry test - quantitative analysis of serum vitamin B12 levels. COVERED DIAGNOSIS: 123.4 Diphyllobothriasis, intestinal, fish tapeworm infection 151.0-151.9 Malignant neoplasm of stomach 238.7 Myelodysplastic syndrome 266.2 Other B-complex deficiencies 269.9 Unspecified nutritional deficiency

To determine the ideal moment for antihelminthic treatment to be administered against D. dendriticum, a study was done on 5 groups of 31-39 naturally infected sheep that received doses of 20 mg/Kg albendazole once or twice at different times of the year ...

This chapter consists of short notes, diagrams, maps, and tables to summarize human cestode (tapeworm) infections, starting with a classification of relevant organisms. The chapter then goes on to cover dwarf tapeworm, fish tapeworm, beef/pork tapeworm, and hydatid disease. For ease of reference, each topic is broken down into sections, including classification, epidemiology, microbiology, pathophysiology, clinical syndromes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

numerous, epiphyllous, hyaline golden yellow, less than 0.5 mm large, hard multicellular warts, usually in groups. Unlike S. aureum, the spores are not formed in the warts but in the mesophyll. ...

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(2017) B. Miller et al. Biomedical Genetics and Genomics. It is well-documented that codon usage biases affect gene translational efficiency; however, it is less known if viruses share their hosts codon usage motifs. We determined that human-infecting viruses share similar codon usage biases as ...

Delling, B., M. Noren, S.O. Kullander and J.A. González, 2011. Taxonomic review of the genus Trisopterus (Teleostei: Gadidae) with recognition of the capelan Trisopterus capelanus as a valid species. J. Fish Biol. 79:1236-1260. (Ref. 90172 ...

On the other hand, the common generic Ancistrus sold in Britain at least is the species often referred to as Ancistrus temminckii, though quite possibly something else entirely, such as Ancistrus cirrhosus. This is the sort that starts off black-grey with bright white spots, and as it grows becomes more mottled brown-grey, the spots become less contrasty. This type of Ancistrus generally lacks the off-white edges to its fins, and so looks a lot like a scaled-down Common Plec. Your catfish seems closer to the Ancistrus temminckii sort of Ancistrus than the Ancistrus dolichopterus sort, but thats about as far as Id be comfortable going! As I say, identifying Ancistrus is notoriously difficult, there are literally hundreds of species, including some described under trade names (i.e., L numbers) but as yet not defined as scientifically valid species. This is even before you think about the (likely common) hybridisation in home aquaria, though perhaps less common in the trade, where fancy ...

The lancet liver fluke (0.5-1.0 ! 0.2 cm) Fasciola hepatica F. hepatica is a flattened, leaf-shaped parasite about 2-5 cm long and at most 1 cm wide. Dicrocoelium dendriticum The lancet liver fluke (0.5-1.0 ! 0.2 cm) Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica are bile duct parasites of domestic ruminants.In their life cycle freshwater snails act as intermediate host Humans become accidentally infected when they eat plants to which infectious parasite stages (metacercariae) adhere Dicrocoelium dendriticum is a bile duct parasite in sheep, cattle, and other herbivores, Its life cycle includes two intermediate hosts (terrestrial snails and ants). Humans become infected accidentally when they ingest ants containing infective metacercariae of the lancet liver fluke.

Author: Levron, Céline et al.; Genre: Journal Article; Published in Print: 2013-04; Keywords: ultrastructure; spermiogenesis; spermatozoon; Schistocephalus solidus; Diphyllobothriidea; Title: Spermatological characters in the diphyllobothriidean Schistocephalus solidus (Cestoda)

Synonyms: Apterurus fabroni, Cephaloptera giorna, Cephaloptera japanica, Cephaloptera massena, Cephalopterus edentula, Cephalopterus fabronianus, Cephalopterus giorna, Cephalopterus massena, Cephalopterus mobular, Dicerobatis giornae, Dicerobatis japonica, Dicerobatis monstrum, Dicerobatis (Cephaloptera) giorna, Manta mobular, Mobula auriculata, Mobula diabola, Mobula diabolus, Mobula edentula, Mobula japanica, Mobula japonica, Mobula monstrum, Mobula rancureli, Raia cephaloptera, Raia fabroniana, Raia giorna, Raia mobular, Raja aurita, Raja cephaloptera, Raja diabolus, Raja fabroniana, Raja giorna, Raja mobular, Squalus ...

Species checklists for all genera have been added and are linked directly from their respective place in the following lists for two families, six subfamilies and fossil taxa. The genera are listed alphabetically in lieu of any defining phylogeny that might require an alternative arrangement. Within the respective genera, valid species and subspecies names are in bold; synonyms are in italics; unavailable names are not listed in these generic checklists. In addition, following each genus the number of valid species and a colored icon for the biogeographic region(s) are given in square brackets, e.g. [2 ...

Members of the class Scyphozoa are gonochoric. Life cycle: Egg is laid by the adult medusa which later develops into a free-living planula, then to a scyphistoma to a strobila, and lastly to a free-living young medusa (Ref. 833). ...

Our understanding of the global magnitude of biodiversity, even considering the level for which we have the best information, species, is still very limited. Complete catalogs of the described, valid species exist for only a few groups of organisms, and the total can only be estimated. This figure is estimated to be around 1.5 million and includes exclusively eukaryotic organisms (basically plants, some groups of animals, and some fungi). The number and definition of prokaryotic species and viruses are still very limited. It is not surprising, therefore, that current estimates of the total number of species in the world span over 2 orders of magnitude (106-108). Methods employed to estimate global diversity can be classified in three broad categories: (1) ratios of known to unknown groups, (2) extrapolation from samples, and (3) expert opinions by scientists who understand the level of diversity in a particular group of organisms well, or combinations thereof. An example of the first approach is ...

Belonging to the family Caryophylliidae Dana, 1846, the genus Crispatotrochus Tenison-Woods, 1878 was described at the end of the 19th century to accomodate the species C. inortatus Tenison-Woods, 1878 collected off Port Stephens, Australia, which, as described by the author, differs from Ceratotrochus Milne Edwards and Haime, 1848, in being broadly adherent with very simple costae, having a broad and deep fossa, and having small septa (Tenison-Woods 1878). Known from the Miocene (Wells 1956) and with 13 Recent valid species, the genus Crispatotrochus is recorded worldwide and is characterized by having a ceratoid to turbinate solitary corallum, which is firmly attached through a robust pedicel; theca costate or porcellaneous; septa symmetry hexameral or decameral; pali absent, and columella fascicular and usually robust, composed of 2-30 twisted laths (Cairns 1991 ...

In 1989, the American palaeontologists Spencer G. Lucas and Jay C. Sobus published a revision of indricothere taxa, which is followed by most western scientists today. They concluded that Paraceratherium, as the oldest name, was the only valid indricothere genus from the Oligocene, and contained four valid species, P. bugtiense, P. transouralicum (originally in Indricotherium), P. prohorovi (originally in Aralotherium), and P. orgosensis (originally in Dzungariotherium). They considered most other names to be junior synonyms of those taxa, or as dubious names, based on remains too fragmentary to identify properly. By analysing alleged differences between named genera and species, Lucas and Sobus found that these most likely represented variation within populations, and that most features were indistinguishable between specimens, as had been pointed out in the 1930s. The fact that the single skull assigned to P. transouralicum or Indricotherium was domed, while others were flat at the top was ...

Dynamics of end grafted DNA molecules and possible biosensor applications. Sendner, C; Kim, Yong Woonresearcher; Rant, U; Arinaga, K; Tornow, M; Netz, RR, PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE, v.203, no.14, pp.3476 - 3491, 2006- ...

Aimed at an audience of general and family practitioners, pediatricians and trainees not exposed on a daily basis to pediatric gastroenterology problems, this book is a simple, pragmatic bedside text which classifies common clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory abnormalities and issues of management as presented in daily practice. ...