Diffuse noxious inhibitory control In order to quantify central sensitization in chronic pain patients, the Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control (DNIC) model has been used frequently. DNIC relies on painful conditioning stimulation of one part of the body to inhibit pain in another part, to remove the noise and to focus on relevant stimuli.. Earlier studies provided evidence for malfunctioning of DNIC in Fibromyalgia (FM) patients. However, the cause of this impairment is not yet elucidated, and further study is required to unravel the pathophysiology of DNIC in FM.. Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis Besides neural mechanisms, also hormonal abnormalities could cause altered pain processing. Cortisol is released in answer to pain to suppress the pain. Given the evidence for hypofunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the lower cortisol release in response to stressors in a proportion of FM patients and in chronic whiplash associated disorders (WAD) patients, the relation ...

Diffuse noxious inhibitory control In order to quantify central sensitization in chronic pain patients, the Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control (DNIC) model has been used frequently. DNIC relies on painful conditioning stimulation of one part of the body to inhibit pain in another part, to remove the noise and to focus on relevant stimuli.. Earlier studies provided evidence for malfunctioning of DNIC in Fibromyalgia (FM) patients. However, the cause of this impairment is not yet elucidated, and further study is required to unravel the pathophysiology of DNIC in FM.. Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis Besides neural mechanisms, also hormonal abnormalities could cause altered pain processing. Cortisol is released in answer to pain to suppress the pain. Given the evidence for hypofunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the lower cortisol release in response to stressors in a proportion of FM patients and in chronic whiplash associated disorders (WAD) patients, the relation ...

Diffuse noxious inhibitory control, temporal summation and wound hyperalgesia testing are demonstrated in the obstetric patient. These ...

Six task-based functional MRI paradigms will be used to assess relationships between (changes in) motor function and brain activation:. Activation of the vestibular cortex will be elicited using methods described above without the EMG recordings. We will follow the methods of two recent fMRI investigations of the vestibular cortex using either click-induced VEMP [74, 75] or the vibro-tactile stimulation described above. We use approximately 10 blocks of alternating 24- and 20-second periods of on and off stimulation, respectively. They provided stimulation to both the left and the right ear, as well as control auditory stimulation of a lower intensity. Duration of test is ~8 min.. Activation of the motor and somatosensory regions of the brain (primary motor cortex, primary sensory cortex, premotor cortex, cerebellum, etc.) will be elicited using stimulus-driven finger tapping (dual task test). Functional MRI will be acquired during the finger tapping under single and dual task conditions while ...

The endorphin system in the brain and its counterpart enkephalin system in the spine help to shut down pain awareness in acute situations. Had a bad headache that suddenly disappeared? That is that system kicking in. This system is called the Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control (DNIC) (you either love or hate that term - its impossible to remember). It is frequently deficit in Fibromyalgia and Irritable bowel sydrome. Now it appears commonly deficit in a variety of pain situations.. Prevalence of Generalized Central Hypersensitivity and Efficiency of Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control in Chronic ...

PHOENIX, March 7, 2014 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- Stanford Researchers Show Conditioned Pain Modulation Equals Less Activity in the Human Spinal Cord.

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PMID: 22558610 Aims: To investigate the influence of noxious stimulation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) on conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and the possible influence of gender on such CPM effects in the craniofacial region of humans. Methods: Twenty healthy men and 20 healthy women participated in two sessions. Conditioning stimulation (CS) was standardized mechanical stimulation of pericranial muscles at a pain level of 5 on a 0 to 10 visual analog scale (VAS). Intra-articular electrical stimuli were applied to the left TMJ with an intensity around VAS = 5 (painful session). No electrical stimulation was applied in the control session. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and pressure pain tolerance threshold (PPTol) were used as responses to pressure (test) stimuli and were assessed in the right masseter muscle and left forearm before and during TMJ stimulation in addition to the CS (during, immediately after, and 10 minutes after CS). PPT and PPTol were analyzed by multilevel analysis of ...

18.EdwardsRR,FillingimRB: Effectsofageontemporalsummationand habituationofthermalpain:clinicalrelevanceinhealthyolderand youngeradults. JPain 2001, 2 (6):307 317. 19.FillingimRB,MaixnerW,KincaidS,SilvaS: Sexdifferencesintemporal summationbutnotsensory-discriminativeprocessingofthermalpain. Pain 1998, 75 (1):121 127. 20.ValenciaC,KindlerLL,FillingimRB,GeorgeSZ: Investigationofcentralpain processinginshoulderpain:convergingresultsfrom2musculoskeletal painmodels. jpainoffjAmPainSoc 2012, 13 (1):81 89. 21.PriceDD,McHaffieJG: Effectsofheterotopicconditioningstimulionfirst andsecondpain:apsychophysicalevaluationinhumans. Pain 1988, 34 (3):245 252. 22.HerreroJF,LairdJM,Lopez-GarciaJA: Wind-upofspinalcordneurones andpainsensation:muchadoaboutsomething? ProgNeurobiol 2000, 61 (2):169 203. 23.LautenbacherS,KunzM,BurkhardtS: TheeffectsofDNIC-typeinhibition ontemporalsummationcomparedtosinglepulseprocessing:doessex matter? Pain 2008, 140 (3):429 435. 24.FarrellM,GibsonS: ...

Acupuncture has been successfully used for clinical treatment in East Asian countries for numerous centuries. The effectiveness of the treatment, however, is still unclear and many challenges remain in proving its medicinal effect with scientific rigor. Since its introduction to the Western world in the early 1970s, the effect of acupuncture has been discussed, whether favorably or critically, along with newly published neuro-biological theories. Melzack et al.[1] presented the theory of gate control, which was an early model of acupuncture-induced pain suppression[1, 2] and was eventually developed into the Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation method (TENS)[3]. Le Bars discussed the idea of Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Controls (DNIC)[4]. Bing argued that there was an affinity between the acupuncture-induced pain suppression effect and DNIC; yet the same authors deny the singular quality of acupuncture, implying that acupuncture stimulation is nothing but a kind of noxious inhibitory ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Assessment of CPM reliability. T2 - quantification of the within-subject reliability of 10 different protocols. AU - Vaegter, Henrik Bjarke. AU - Petersen, Kristian Kjær. AU - Mørch, Carsten Dahl. AU - Imai, Yosuke. AU - Arendt-Nielsen, Lars. PY - 2018/10/25. Y1 - 2018/10/25. KW - conditioned pain modulation. KW - cuff algometry. KW - pain sensitivity. KW - pain threshold. KW - pain tolerance. KW - reliability. KW - test-retest. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85050669959&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0087. DO - 10.1515/sjpain-2018-0087. M3 - Journal article. VL - 18. SP - 729. EP - 737. JO - Scandinavian Journal of Pain. JF - Scandinavian Journal of Pain. SN - 1877-8860. IS - 4. ER - ...

An MVPA was used to investigate the association between VTA-based FC and positive expectancy/negative expectancy effects at the between-subject level (Anzellotti et al., 2017; Anzellotti and Coutanche, 2018). First, multivariate FC between the VTA and each voxel in rACC (resulting in a vector pattern of VTA-rACC FC; the number of features equals to the number of voxels in rACC) and between the VTA and each voxel in left NAc (resulting in a vector pattern of VTA-NAc FC; the number of features equals to the number of voxels in NAc) were extracted for each single trial in each subject and averaged across trials for each type of cue. The differences in VTA-based multivariate FC (neutral cue vs low cue or high cue vs neutral cue) were calculated and used to predict the magnitude of conditioned pain responses. Second, the relationship between VTA-based multivariate FC (independent variables, i.e., VTA-rACC multivariate FC and VTA-NAc multivariate FC) and the magnitude of conditioned pain responses ...

July 2013 References for Research Update Devin J. Starlanyl for http://www.sover.net/~devstar. Ablin JN, Buskila D. 2013. Fibromyalgia syndrome - novel therapeutic targets. Maturitas [June 3 Epub ahead of print]. Fibromyalgia is a syndrome characterized by the presence of chronic widespread pain, representing sensitization of the central nervous system. The pathophysiology of fibromyalgia is complex and remains in evolution, encompassing diverse issues such as disturbed patterns of sleep, altered processing and decreased conditioned pain modulation at the spinal level, as well as increased connectivity between various pain-processing areas of the brain. This evolution is continuously uncovering potential novel therapeutic targets. Treatment of fibromyalgia is a multi-faceted endeavor, inevitably combining pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological approaches. Certain specific ligands and selective nor-epinephrine-serotonin reuptake inhibitors are the current mainstays of pharmacological ...

Abstract Background Pain after surgery is not uncommon with 30% of patients reporting moderate to severe postoperative pain. Early identification of patients prone to postoperative pain may be a step forward towards individualized pain medicine providing a basis for improved clinical management through treatment strategies targeting relevant pain mechanisms in each patient. Assessment of pain processing by quantitative sensory testing (QST) prior to surgery has been proposed as a method to identify patients at risk for postoperative pain, although results have been conflicting. Since the last systematic review, several studies investigating the association between postoperative pain and more dynamic measures of pain processing like temporal summation of pain and conditioned pain modulation have been conducted. Objectives According to the PRISMA guidelines, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate whether assessment of experimental pain processing including measures of central pain mechanisms

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