Influence of Experimental Diabetes Mellitus on Secretary Granules in ß-Cells in the Dog Pancreatic Islet, Yuji Asai, Hiroyuki Morimoto, Yoshio Mabuchi1, Eisuke Sakuma, Nobuyuki Sh

Uncoupling Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Is Ameliorated by Green Tea in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus by Re-Establishing Tetrahydrobiopterin ...

This study is an attempt to elucidate of agmatine effects upon leukocyte apoptosis in experimental diabetes mellitus (EDM). We demonstrated the increase in numbers of the leukocytes with both early and late signs of apoptosis at diabetes. Further changes in the morphofunctional state of the leukocyt …

In the present study, we found that tramadol has the ability to lower the plasma glucose levels of STZ-induced diabetic rats. This is consistent with our previous report that activation of opioid μ-receptors could decrease the plasma glucose concentration in STZ-induced diabetic rats (7).. Naloxone has been used in studying the relation between β-endorphin and glucose homeostasis (21). Pharmacologically, naloxone is a nonselective antagonist of opioid receptors (21), and naloxonazine is a selective antagonist of opioid μ-receptors (22). We found that naloxone and naloxonazine, at doses sufficient to block opioid μ-receptors, inhibited the plasma glucose-lowering action of tramadol in STZ-induced diabetic rats. It can thus be considered that opioid μ-receptor activation is involved in the plasma glucose-lowering action of tramadol in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Actually, either naloxone or naloxonazine given alone was ineffective in altering plasma glucose, indicating that opioid receptors ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Proteome analysis of altered proteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat kidney using the fluorogenic derivatization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. AU - Tsai, Pei Yun. AU - Chen, Shih Ming. AU - Chen, Hsiang Yin. AU - Li, Yi Chieh. AU - Imai, Kazuhiro. AU - Hsu, Kuang Yang. AU - Lee, Jen Ai. PY - 2013/3. Y1 - 2013/3. N2 - To find new molecular markers for early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy, we applied fluorogenic derivatization-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to identify the differentially expressed proteins in the kidney of control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with the sodium citrate buffer or streptozotocin and then killed after 1, 4, 12 and 24 weeks. The results showed that seven proteins were significantly changed after 1 week of injection. Only one protein had significantly changed after 4 weeks of injection. However, after 12 weeks of injection, the number of altered proteins ...

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Abstract: Participation of renal prostanoids in development of diabetes-induced nephropathy was studied in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Development of diabetic nephropathy occurred with simultaneous decreases in production of intrarenal natriuretic, depressor prostaglandin and prostacyclin as well as with increases in content of antinatriuretic, pressor, prothrombogenic TxA2. The imbalance observed in the production of renal prostanoids contributed slightly to impairments of hemodynamics, osmo- and ion regulating functions of kidney, i.e. to formation of diabetic nephropathy in the experimental ...

The objective of this study was designed to investigate, evaluate the effect of vitamin E on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by showing significant changes in blood glucose, water, food intake, lipid profile, serum urea and ceratinine level, and antioxidant enzyme parameters activity. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced toxicity was studied in male Waster rats; each divided into four groups: G1, GII, GIII, and GIV. Control rats GI, rats treated with vitamin E (GII), STZ-induced diabetic rats (GIII), and STZ-induced diabetic rats treated with vitamin E (G1V). Moreover, vitamin E reduced (p f amount of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol and triacyglycerols, and increased HDL cholesterol) and increased total amount protein in STZ-induced diabetic rats (GIV). Vitamin prevented modification in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSX-Px) and in the concentration of the lipid hydroperoxide. Finally the study suggested that vitamin E improved

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cerebral energy metabolism in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. AU - Biessels, G.J.. AU - Braun, K.P.J.. AU - Graaf, de, R.A.. AU - Eijsden, van, P.. AU - Gispen, W.H.. AU - Nicolaij, K.. PY - 2001. Y1 - 2001. N2 - Aims/hypothesis. It is increasingly evident that the brain is another site of diabetic end-organ damage. The pathogenesis has not been fully explained, but seems to involve an interplay between aberrant glucose metabolism and vascular changes. Vascular changes, such as deficits in cerebral blood flow, could compromise cerebral energy metabolism. We therefore examined cerebral metabolism in streptozotocin-diabetic rats in vivo by means of localised 31P and 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Methods. Rats were examined 2 weeks and 4 and 8 months after diabetes induction. A non-diabetic group was examined at baseline and after 8 months. Results. In 31P spectra the phosphocreatine:ATP, phosphocreatine:inorganic phosphate and ATP:inorganic phosphate ratios and intracellular pH ...

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A large number of studies have documented the evidence that progression of diabetes leads to various secondary diabetic complications among which nephropathy is a serious complication with an increasing prevalence worldwide [22]. The nephropathy disease is characterized by morphological and ultra structural changes in the kidney including expansion of the molecular matrix. Even though, the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy is complex and still not fully elucidated, few biochemical changes such as increase in polyol pathway flux, increased AGEs formation, have been actively studied for their role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Increased matrix proteins leading to decreased GFR is considered as a marker for the progression of the Diabetic nephropathy disease. Elevation of serum creatinine levels and BUN in diabetic rats is used as an index of altered GFR in diabetic nephropathy [23].. Results of the present study have corroborated with the previous reports in which administration ...

Background. The purpose of the study was to explore the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the disturbance of renal excretory function in the ...

The profile of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 expressed in the male and female rat was dramatically altered by streptozotocin-induced diabetes. In the diabetic male, P450 forms IIC11, IIC13, IIA2, and IIIA2 were suppressed and forms IIA1 and IIC12 were induced to the levels observed in the immature male rat. A 6- to 8-fold induction of P450 IIE1 was detected in both male and female diabetic rats. A member of the P450 IIIA family was also induced in the diabetic female rat. Accompanying the change in P450 profile in the diabetic male rat was reduction in circulating testosterone and tetraiodothyronine concentrations and a sharp diminution of the normally pulsatile pattern of growth hormone secretion. In contrast to the male rat, the growth hormone secretion pattern in the diabetic female rat was unchanged from control. The hormone and P450 profiles detected in the diabetic male rat suggest a reversion to an immature physiological state. Testosterone replacement treatments carried out for 2 ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether ageing and diabetes alter the expression of the gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) and of particular purinoceptor (P2R) subtypes in the corpus cavernosum and urinary bladder, and determine whether changes in expression of these proteins correlate with development of erectile and bladder dysfunction in diabetic and ageing rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Erectile and bladder function of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic, insulin-treated and age-matched control Fischer-344 rats were evaluated 2, 4 and 8 months after diabetes induction by in vivo cystometry and cavernosometry. Corporal and bladder tissue were then isolated at each of these sample times and protein expression levels of Cx43 and of various P2R subtypes were determined by Western blotting. RESULTS In the corpora of control rats ageing was accompanied by a significant decrease in Cx43 and P2X(1)R, and increase in P2X(7)R expression. There was decreased Cx43 and increased P2Y(4)R expression in the ageing

Title:Goto-kakizaki Rats: Its Suitability as Non-obese Diabetic Animal Model for Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. VOLUME: 9 ISSUE: 5. Author(s):Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Kanwal Rehman and Shuqing Chen. Affiliation:Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemical Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China.. Keywords:None Obese Animal Model, GK Rats, Islet Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Hyperglycemia, Diabetic Nephropathy, Diabetes Mellitus, Glucose Tolerance.. Abstract:β-cell dysfunction and apoptosis are recognized as a major cause of insufficient insulin secretion in response to high blood glucose and metabolic demand. As a consequence, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to occur. Taking into account the etiology of T2DM, to conduct investigational studies directly on human diabetic patients seems to be unsuitable; thereby, various animal models have been established to investigate the pathogenesis of T2DM. Among these models, ...

BioAssay record AID 185258 submitted by ChEMBL: Percent inhibition of sorbitol accumulation in the sciatic nerve of streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats at peroral dose of 30 mg/kg (preventive effect).

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Upregulation of GLUT2 mRNA by glucose, mannose, and fructose in isolated rat hepatocytes. AU - Asano, Tomoichiro. AU - Katagiri, Hideki. AU - Tsukuda, Katsunori. AU - Lin, Jiann Liang. AU - Ishihara, Hisamitsu. AU - Yazaki, Yoshio. AU - Oka, Yoshitomo. PY - 1992/1/1. Y1 - 1992/1/1. N2 - Previously, demonstrated that GLUT2 mRNA and protein are increased in liver of streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. To examine the mechanisms whereby GLUT2 mRNA is regulated, we cultured isolated hepatocytes in the absence and presence of various concentrations of glucose. Culture of hepatocytes in high glucose concentration (27.8 mM) for 20 h induced a 3.2-fold increase in GLUT2 mRNA levels compared with hepatocytes cultured without D-glucose. Interestingly, D-mannose and D-fructose could substitute for D-glucose to elevate the GLUT2 mRNA level, whereas 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and sucrose, which were not metabolized or taken up by the cells, were without effect. Insulin had no ...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between speed during maximum exercise test (ET) and oxygen consumption (VO2) in control and STZ-diabetic rats, in order to provide a useful method to determine exercise capacity and prescription in researches involving STZ-diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control (CG, n = 10) and diabetic (DG, n = 8). The animals were submitted to ET on treadmill with simultaneous gas analysis through open respirometry system. ET and VO2 were assessed 60 days after diabetes induction (STZ, 50 mg/Kg). VO2 maximum was reduced in STZ-diabetic rats (72.5 ± 1 mL/Kg/min-1) compared to CG rats (81.1 ± 1 mL/Kg/min-1). There were positive correlations between ET speed and VO2 (r = 0.87 for CG and r = 0.8 for DG), as well as between ET speed and VO2 reserve (r = 0.77 for CG and r = 0.7 for DG). Positive correlations were also obtained between measured VO2 and VO2 predicted values (r = 0.81 for CG and r = 0.75 for DG) by linear

TY - JOUR. T1 - Proteomics analysis identifies molecular targets related to diabetes mellitus-associated bladder dysfunction. AU - Yohannes, Elizabeth. AU - Chang, Jinsook. AU - Christ, George J.. AU - Davies, Kevin P.. AU - Chance, Mark R.. PY - 2008/7. Y1 - 2008/7. N2 - Protein expression profiles in rat bladder smooth muscle were compared between animal models of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (STZ-DM) and age-matched controls at 1 week and 2 months after induction of hyper-glycemia with STZ treatment. At each time point, protein samples from four STZ-DM and four age-matched control rat bladder tissues were prepared independently and analyzed together across multiple DIGE gels using a pooled internal standard sample to quantify expression changes with statistical confidence. A total of 100 spots were determined to be significantly changing among the four experimental groups. A subsequent mass spectrometry analysis of the 100 spots identified a total of 56 unique proteins. Of the ...

BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.

Renal protection against diabetes-induced pathogenic injuries by multiple exposures to low-dose radiation (LDR) was investigated to develop a novel approach to the prevention of renal disease for diabetic subjects. C57BL/6J mice were given multiple low-dose streptozotocin (STZ; 60 x 6 mg/kg) to produce a type 1 diabetes. Two weeks after diabetes onset, some of diabetic mice and age-matched nondiabetic mice were exposed whole body to 25 mGy X-rays every other day for 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 wk. Diabetes caused a significant renal dysfunction, shown by time-dependent increase in urinary microalbumin (Malb) and decrease in urinary creatinine (Cre), and pathological changes, shown by significant increases in renal structural changes and PAS-positive staining. However, diabetes-induced renal dysfunction and pathological changes were significantly, albeit partially, attenuated by multiple exposures to LDR. Furthermore, LDR protection against diabetes-induced renal dysfunction and pathological changes was ...

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to reducing in insulin secretion, insulin function, or both. Ezetimibe is a drug that lowers plasma cholesterol levels. A total of 18 male adult albino rats were used in this study. The animals randomized into 3 groups (of 6 rats each). Rats in first group were injected with citrate buffer only and used as healthy control group. While the rats in other two groups were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 60 mg/kg I.P. and treated as following (for 12 weeks), diabetic control group rats received no treatment. Ezetimibe treated group rats received Ezetimibe 6 mg/kg orally once daily. Every 2 weeks, blood glucose level is measured. At the end of 12th weeks, blood samples were collected to measure the blood glucose level and superoxide dismutase activity, and then the animals were sacrificed. The pancreas was removed for histopathology assessment for the degree of islets damage. In result, Ezetimibe was

In the present study we tested the hypothesis that progression of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes (14-days to 28-days) would produce renal and vascular dysfunction that correlate with altered p38- mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38-MAPK) phosphorylation in kidneys and thoracic aorta. Male Sprague Dawley rats (350-400 g) were randomized into three groups: sham (N = 6), 14-days diabetic (N = 6) and 28-days diabetic rats (N = 6). Diabetes was induced using a single tail vein injection of STZ (60 mg/kg, I.V.) on the first day. Rats were monitored for 28 days and food, water intake and plasma glucose levels were noted. At both 14-days and 28-days post diabetes blood samples were collected and kidney cortex, medulla and aorta were harvested from each rat. The diabetic rats lost body weight at both 14-days (-10%) and 28-days (-13%) more significantly as compared to sham (+10%) group. Glucose levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic rats at both 14-days and 28-days post-STZ administration.

BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.

Untreated diabetes leads to damage to the blood vessels and their consequences. atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, damage to the retina of the eye and kidney disease.

A balanced meal according to the Atkins Diet. How Diabetes Affects Your Diet Quotes Being hIGHLIGHTS OF PRESCRIBING INFORMATION disposable prelled pen (3) before stopping IV insulin. A meta-analysis of rectal NSAIDs in the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Tags: Diseases & Conditions Diabetes Healthy food Type 2 diabetes Curd Yoghurt. In Type 1 diabetes the disease is caused by the destruction of beta cells in the pancreas. Guidelines developed by the American Geriatrics Association reflect some of the unique diabetes care needs of older adults. a flexible meal plan has been proposed in adolescents with type 1 diabetes where insulin.. We also offer a large selection of accessories for your special day. Optimum HealthCare Inc. Stress is a potential contributor to chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes.. My husband loves this casserole but it Diabetic Exchanges: 3 lean Originally published as Enchilada Casser-Ole! in Healthy Cooking Feuary/March atherosclerosis in mice with liver-specific ablation ...

Characterisation of animal models of diabetic cardiomyopathy may help unravel new molecular targets for therapy. Long-living individuals are protected from the adverse influence of diabetes on the heart, and the transfer of a longevity-associated variant (LAV) of the human BPIFB4 gene protects cardiac function in the db/db mouse model. This study aimed to determine the effect of LAV-BPIFB4 therapy on the metabolic phenotype (ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, UHPLC-MS) and cardiac transcriptome (next-generation RNAseq) in db/db mice. UHPLC-MS showed that 493 cardiac metabolites were differentially modulated in diabetic compared with non-diabetic mice, mainly related to lipid metabolism. Moreover, only 3 out of 63 metabolites influenced by LAV-BPIFB4 therapy in diabetic hearts showed a reversion from the diabetic towards the non-diabetic phenotype. RNAseq showed 60 genes were differentially expressed in hearts of diabetic and non-diabetic mice. The contrast between LAV-BPIFB4

In this study, the diabetic model was generated by a single large-dose injection of STZ. Under such conditions, STZ destroys β-cells via DNA alkylation (Lenzen, 2008). The model differs from the autoimmune diabetic model of non-obese diabetes (NOD) or multiple low-dose STZ-induced diabetes, where islet inflammation is the salient pathological feature (Bassi et al., 2012; Ezquer et al., 2012; George et al., 2002; Leiter, 1982; Paik et al., 1980). The non-inflammatory diabetic model used here, which was confirmed by the lack of inflammatory cell infiltrates in the islet of untransplanted but STZ-treated rats (Fig. 2B), allows us to better examine the direct trophic effect of uMSCs on β-cell survival with fewer complications from their immunomodulatory activities. In this study, uSMC transplantation retarded the hyperglycemic progression 6 days after the treatment, yet the treatment only modestly reversed hyperglycemia despite the extended 42-day treatment. Multiple factors might influence the ...

by David M. Reutter. A $1 million settlement was reached in May 2019 in a lawsuit alleging the Atlanta City Detention Center (ACDC) left a pretrial detainee in an unlit confinement cell to die from untreated diabetes.. When Wickie Yvonne Bryant, 55, was booked into ACDC on September 14, 2015, it was noted that she suffered from schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, diabetes, and hypertension. She said that she was taking medication for all three diagnoses. An intake test revealed an extremely elevated blood-glucose level of 353 mg/dl, but she refused to take insulin, saying it made her sick.. She was subsequently prescribed Metformin, an oral diabetic medication. Yet, from her intake until October 5, 2015, Bryant refused her diabetic treatment, which meant blood testing and medication. She submitted a request on September 20 advising officials about her medical and mental health treatment at several medical facilities.. Despite laying out her history of care regimen, ADCDs medical staff never ...

What percent of patients with type 2 diabetes have already developed one or more microvascular complications by the time of their diabetes diagnosis, according to the American Diabetes Association (ADA)? ...

The present study is aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic effect of glibenclamide monotherapy on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and therapeutic i..

Learn how Diabetes leads to Anemia and what Anemia is, learn about the connection between the damage of your Kidneys and Diabetes.

Axonal swellings in neurons from STZ-diabetic rats exposed to high glucose represent accumulations of mitochondria and phosphorylated NFH, which are eliminated

The present study is aimed to evaluate the hypoglycaemic effect of glibenclamide monotherapy on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and therapeutic impact of this agent on various..

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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes and is caused by an imbalance in the expression of certain genes that activate or inhibit vital cellular functions of kidney. Despite several recent advances, the pathogenesis of DN remains far from clear, suggesting the need to carry out studies identifying molecular aspects, such as gene expression, that could play a key role in the development of DN. There are several techniques to analyze transcriptome in living organisms. In this study, the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) method was used to generate up- and down-regulated subtracted cDNA libraries in the kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Northern-blot analysis was used to confirm differential expression ratios from the obtained SSH clones to identify genes related to DN. 400 unique SSH clones were randomly chosen from the two subtraction libraries (200 of each) and verified as differentially expressed. According to blast screening and functional annotation

Objective: It is increasingly recognized that vascular cognitive impairment may be a new complication of the disease in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We have shown that diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats present with cognitive deficits and vascular dysfunction, especially impaired relaxation that can be ameliorated by Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) inhibition. Since brain function heavily depends on constant perfusion, and decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) precedes development of inflammation and cognitive deficits, we hypothesized that TLR2 knockout would confer a protection from diabetes mediated cognitive decline.. Methods and Results: Wild-type (WT) and TLR2 knockout (KO) control and diabetic mice were used. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) injection. 14 weeks after, cerebral perfusion was measured by MRI and cognitive function was assessed by a battery of tests including Y-maze and fear conditioning. There was no difference in cerebral perfusion in WT and TLR2 KO mice (CBF ...

How Diabetes affects your Feet: pain, pain relief, tingling, pins and needles sensations, complications, symptoms of complications, how to prevent complications

Diabetes-induced visual dysfunction is associated with significant neuroretinal cell death. The current study was designed to investigate the role of the Protein Regulated in Development and DNA Damage Response 1 (REDD1) in diabetes-induced retinal cell death and visual dysfunction. We recently demonstrated that REDD1 protein expression was elevated in response to hyperglycemia in the retina of diabetic rodents. REDD1 is an important regulator of Akt and mammalian target of rapamycin and as such plays a key role in neuronal function and survival. In R28 retinal cells in culture, hyperglycemic conditions enhanced REDD1 protein expression concomitant with caspase activation and cell death. By contrast, in REDD1-deficient R28 cells, neither hyperglycemic conditions nor the absence of insulin in culture medium were sufficient to promote cell death. In the retinas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, retinal apoptosis was dramatically elevated compared with nondiabetic controls, whereas no ...

Treatment of male Sprague-Dawley rats with streptozotocin resulted in a blood glucose level of over 400 mg/dL within one week (| 350 is considered diabetic). Subsequent treatment with the insulin-mimetic agents vanadate and selenate affected how much food the rats consumed as well as their growth rate when compared to controls. Diabetic controls consumed more food and gained weight more quickly than their treated counterparts. Non-diabetic controls (which were not injected with streptozotocin) consumed less food than the diabetic animals but gained more weight. Regulation of G6PDH and FAS at the level of gene expression is well documented, and preliminary studies show that diabetic rats treated with vanadate or selenate exhibit a stimulation in the enzyme activities of (G6PDH) and (FAS) above diabetic control levels. Thus, it seems that both vanadate and selenium have some regulatory influence that is similar to insulin over the enzyme activities of G6PDH and FAS.

Results-After stroke, mice with diabetes mellitus exhibited significantly increased lesion volume and brain hemorrhagic and neurological deficits compared to mice without diabetes mellitus. Bielshowsky silver, luxol fast blue, amyloid precursor protein, and NG2 expression were significantly decreased, indicating WM damage, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity was significantly increased in the ischemic brain of mice with diabetes mellitus. Subanalysis of similar lesions in mice with and without diabetes mellitus demonstrated mice with diabetes mellitus had significantly increased WM damage than in mice without diabetes mellitus (P,0.05). To investigate the mechanism underlying diabetes mellitus-induced WM damage, oxygen-glucose deprivation-stressed premature oligodendrocyte and primary cortical neuron cultures were used. High glucose increased MMP-2, MMP-9, cleaved caspase-3 levels, and apoptosis, as well as decreased cell survival and dendrite outgrowth in cultured primary cortical ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Improvement of gastric motility with gastric electrical stimulation in STZ-induced diabetic rats. AU - Liu, Jinsong. AU - Qiao, Xian. AU - Micci, Maria Adelaide. AU - Pasricha, Pankaj J.. AU - Chen, J. D.Z.. PY - 2004/12/1. Y1 - 2004/12/1. N2 - Aims: The aims of this study were to observe whether gastric motility was impaired in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and whether gastric electrical stimulation was able to restore the impaired motility. Methods: Ten control rats and 30 STZ-induced diabetic rats were used in this study. Gastric slow waves were recorded at baseline and 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the injection of STZ or vehicle. Gastric emptying with (long or short pulses) or without gastric electrical stimulation was measured 6 weeks after STZ injection in a group of 10 diabetic rats each. Results: (1) STZ injection resulted in hyperglycemia and weight loss. (2) Gastric motility was impaired in the diabetic rats. The percentage of normal slow waves was ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. AU - Huang, Wei Jan. AU - Niu, Ho Shan. AU - Lin, Mei Hsiang. AU - Cheng, Juei Tang. AU - Hsu, Feng-Lin. PY - 2010/6/25. Y1 - 2010/6/25. N2 - The antihyperglycemic effect of catalpol (1) purified from the roots of Rehmannia glutinosa was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats) representing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Bolus intravenous injection of 1 showed antihyperglycemic activity in a dose-dependent manner in STZ-diabetic rats. An effective dose of 0.1 mg/kg 1 significantly attenuated the increase of plasma glucose induced by an intravenous glucose challenge test in normal rats. Catalpol enhanced the uptake of radioactive glucose in the isolated soleus muscle of STZ-diabetic rats in a concentration-related manner. Moreover, an effect by 1 was established on glycogen incorporation in hepatocytes isolated from STZ-diabetic rats. Catalpol was found to increase ...

The exact nature of poor wound healing in diabetes is uncertain. Neutrophils play a critical role in the host defense mechanism, and it is suggested that impaired neutrophil functions cause healing difficulties with or without infections in diabetic patients. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is used clinically when given systematically to increase the circulating neutrophils, but its wound-healing effects have not been systematically studied. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of GM-CSF on incisional wound healing in an experimental diabetic rat model. Forty rats were randomly divided into three groups, group I receiving saline as control, diabetes-induced group II receiving saline and diabetes-induced group III receiving GM-CSF. The anesthetized rats in all groups were wounded 21 days after diabetes induction by streptozotocin. Blood neutrophil counts and neutrophil fractions were also determined three days after wounding. Tensile strengths of wounded skin ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Enhanced contractile responses of arteries from streptozotocin diabetic rats to sodium fluoride. AU - Weber, Lynn P.. AU - Chow, Wing Lim. AU - Abebe, Worku. AU - MacLeod, Kathleen M.. PY - 1996/5/13. Y1 - 1996/5/13. N2 - 1. Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that α1-adrenoceptor-mediated increases in tension and phosphoinositide metabolism are enhanced in the aorta and mesenteric arteries from diabetic rats. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether contractile responses to sodium fluoride (NaF), which directly stimulates GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins), are also enhanced in diabetic arteries. 2. NaF (1-20mM) in the presence of 10 μM aluminium chloride produced slowly developing, concentration-dependent contractions in mesenteric arteries from three month streptozotocin-diabetic (60 mg kg -1, i.v.) male Wistar rats and age-matched control rats. The maximum contractile response but not the sensitivity to NaF was significantly ...

It has been suggested that Sorghum, a rich source of phytochemicals, has a hypoglycemic effect, but the mechanism is unknown. We investigated the effects of oral administration of sorghum extract (SE) on hepatic gluconeogenesis and the glucose uptake of muscle in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats for six weeks. Male Wistar rats were divided in five groups (n=5 per group): normal control (NC), rats with STZ-induced diabetic mellitus (DM), diabetic rats administrated 0.4 g/kg body weight of SE (DM-SE 0.4) and 0.6 g/kg body weight of SE (DM-SE 0.6), and diabetic rats administrated 0.7 mg/kg body weight of glibenclamide (DM-G). Administration of SE and G reduced the concentration of triglycerides, total and LDL-cholesterol and glucose, and the area under the curve of glucose during intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests down to the levels observed in non-diabetic rats. In addition, administration of 0.4 and 0.6 g/kg SE and 0.7 mg/kg glibenclamide (G) significantly reduced the expression of

Diabetics often have elevated levels of serum lipids and cholesterol and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes was used to determine whether elevated serum cholesterol levels in diabetics are due to loss of control of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which catalyzes the committed step in cholesterol synthesis. Strain A/ST female mice were fed 10% corn oil diets, half with 2% cholesterol. Experimental groups were injected with 9.0 mg streptozotocin / 100g body weight. Diabetes was confirmed by weight loss, elevated blood sugars, and enlarged spleens. Reductase activity was assayed spectrophotometrically. Serum cholesterol levels were determined by gas liquid chromatography. Both diabetic and control mice fed cholesterol had elevated serum cholesterol levels and decreased reductase activities. These observations suggest that HMG CoA reductase is not the primary control point in the control of serum cholesterol levels in diabetic mice. The ...

PubMed journal article: Hypoglycemic effects of malonyl-ginsenosides extracted from roots of Panax ginseng on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android

The present work has detected the antidiabetic effect of the MLE in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Alloxan causes a massive reduction in insulin release, by the destruction of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans and inducing hyperglycemia [17]. MLE lowered the blood glucose levels in normal rats within and in glucose loaded animals, in which the pancreatic cells are still fully intact. Hydroethanolic extract of the drug might be able to stimulate insulin secretion in normal rats, as did glibenclamide. Thus the results obtained show that oral administration of MLE produces a significant decrease in blood glucose levels in alloxan diabetic rats on both acute and long term administration. In contrast, the significant increase in plasma glucose levels of untreated diabetic rats may be due to progressive severity of untreated diabetes. The most common lipid abnormalities in diabetes are hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia [18]. Hypertriglyceridemia is also associated in metabolic ...

Traditional plant treatment for diabetes has shown a surging interest in the last few decades. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous extract of C. papaya leaves in diabetic rats. Several studies have reported that some parts of the C. papaya plant exert hypoglycemic effects in both animals and humans. Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ). The aqueous extract of C. papaya was administered in three different doses (0.75, 1.5 and 3 g/100 mL) as drinking water to both diabetic and non-diabetic animals during 4 weeks. The aqueous extract of Carica papaya (0.75 g and 1.5 g/100 mL) significantly decreased blood glucose levels (p|0.05) in diabetic rats. It also decreased cholesterol, triacylglycerol and amino-transferases blood levels. Low plasma insulin levels did not change after treatment in diabetic rats, but they significantly increased in non-diabetic animals. Pancreatic islet cells were

The present study investigated the possible protective effect of Helicteres isora (Sterculiaceae) bark extracts on certain biochemical markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. STZ treatment (60 mg/kg/i.p) caused a hyperglycemic state that led to various physiological and biochemical alterations. Blood levels of glucose, urea, uric acid and creatinine, plasma levels of albumin and albumin/globulin ratio and the activities of diagnostic marker enzymes including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and ?-glutamyl transpeptidase (? -GT) in plasma, liver and kidney were markedly altered in STZ diabetic rats. Oral administration of H. isora (100, 200 mg/kg/p.o) for 21 days restored all these biochemical parameters to near normal levels. Thus, the present results have shown that H. isora bark extract has the antihyperglycemic effect and consequently may alleviate liver and renal damage associated with STZ-induced diabetes in rats.

Imidazoline I1-receptors (I1R) are known to regulate blood pressure and rilmenidine, an agonist, is widely used as antihypertensive agent in clinic. However, the role of I1R in feeding behavior is still unclear. In the present study, we used the agonist of I1R to investigate the effect on hyperphagia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. Rilmenidine decreased the food intake of STZ-diabetic mice in a dose-dependent manner. The reduction of food intake was abolished by pretreatment with efaroxan at the dose sufficient to block I1R. Intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of rilmenidine into STZ-diabetic mice also significantly reduced hyperphagia, which was reversed by icv administration of efaroxan. In addition, similar results were observed in STZ-diabetic mice, which received chronic treatment with rilmenidine 3 times daily (t.i.d.) for 7 days. Moreover, the hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) level was reduced by rilmenidine that was also reversed by pretreatment with efaroxan. In ...

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The study examined the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of rutin from the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Results revealed that the levels of plasma glucose and serum glucose were remarkably higher in the STZ-treated group compared to other groups and were significantly reduced in the STZ+rutin treated group compared to the STZ-treated group. In terms of weight, it significantly increased in all experimental groups during the experiment period except for STZ-induced diabetic group. The weight of the STZ-treated group was remarkably reduced compared to other groups. Regarding the weight of each body organ, the STZ-treated group showed higher organ weight compared to the other groups while STZ+rutin-treated group showed significantly reduced kidney and liver weights compared to those of STZ-treated group. In the pancreas tissue of the STZ-treated group, β-cell destruction and vacuolization were observed. Inflammation in the heart, liver, kidney, and retina tissues ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Vascular Endothelium and Smooth Muscle Remodeling Accompanies Hypertrophy of Intestinal Arterioles in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats. AU - Connors, Bret A.. AU - Bohlen, H.. AU - Evan, Andrew. PY - 1995/5. Y1 - 1995/5. N2 - The purpose of this study was to document alterations in endothelial and smooth muscle cell morphology of first- and second-order intestinal arterioles after 6 months of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Both light and scanning electron microscopic techniques were used to quantitate the changes in the microvasculature. After rendering the first- and second-order intestinal arterioles passive and processing the vessels, it was determined that these microvessels were significantly dilated in the diabetic animals. Further examination revealed that in the diabetic animals, the cross-sectional area of the endothelial layer was increased in both 1A and 2A vessels, and the smooth muscle layer cross-sectional area was significantly increased in 1A vessels. Individual ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Investigating structural and biochemical correlates of ganglion cell dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. AU - Bui, Bang. AU - Loeliger, Michelle. AU - Thomas, Merlin. AU - Vingrys, Algis. AU - Rees, Sandra. AU - Nguyen, Christine. AU - He, Zheng. AU - Tolcos, Mary. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - The aim of this study was to determine whether inner retinal dysfunction in diabetic rats is correlated with structural and/or biochemical changes in the retina and optic nerve. Using the electroretinogram (ERG; -5.83 to 1.28 log cd.s.m(-2)) retinal function (photoreceptor, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cell components) was measured in control (n=13; citrate buffer) and diabetic (n=13; streptozotocin, STZ, 50 mg kg(-1)) rats, 12 weeks following treatment. Retinae and optic nerves were analyzed for structural changes and retinae were assessed for alterations in growth factor/cytokine expression using quantitative real-time PCR. We found that phototransduction efficiency was ...

Purpose: Pulsed magnetic field (PMF) as an important non- invasive alternative therapeutic option has been investigated in several pre-clinical and clinical studies. We also hypothesized that sequenced PMF formed with different frequencies can modulate the diabetes-induced neuropathic signs differently.Materials and methods: Therapeutic actions of sequenced PMF including 1, 5, 1, 5 Hz (low (L)-PMF) or 30, 40, 30, 40 Hz (high (H)-PMF) were examined on improving signs and symptoms of diabetic neuropathic pain in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat models by measuring nociceptive parameters such as hyperalgesia and allodynia, and various cytokine levels (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, interleukin [IL]-1 beta, IL-6 and IL-10) of spinal cord and sciatic nerve tissues.Results: Ameliorating potential of L-PMF application on signs of diabetes is significantly higher than those of H-PMF. L-PMF partially attenuated the diabetes-induced increase in the blood glucose level, enhanced the decreased ...

Diabetes mellitus is associated with altered iron homeostasis in both human and animal diabetic models. Iron is a metal oxidant capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and has been postulated to contribute to diabetic nephropathy. Two proteins involved in iron metabolism that are expressed in the kidney are the divalent metal transporter, DMT1 (Slc11a2), and the Transferrin Receptor (TfR). Thus, we investigated whether renal DMT1 or TfR expression is altered in diabetes, as this could potentially affect ROS generation and contribute to diabetic nephropathy. Rats were rendered diabetic with streptozotocin (STZ-diabetes) and renal DMT1 and TfR expression studied using semi-quantitative immunoblotting and immunofluorescence. In STZ-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats, renal DMT1 expression was significantly reduced and TfR expression increased after 2 weeks. DMT1 downregulation was observed in both proximal tubules and collecting ducts. Renal DMT1 expression was also decreased in Wistar rats ...

Free Online Library: The use of alloxan and streptozotocin in experimental diabetes models by Turkish Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism; Health, general Diabetes Diabetes mellitus Pyrimidines Streptozocin

Metabolic effects of basic fibroblast growth factor in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: A 1H NMR-based metabolomics investigation. Related

Objectives: Oxidative stress plays a central role in diabetes-induced complications. In the present study, the protevtive effect of Artemisia turanica (A. turanica) was evaluated against diabetes-induced liver oxidative stress and dysfunction. Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic + metformin, diabetic + A. turanica extract, and diabetic + A. turanica extract + metformin. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single-dose (55 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)) injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Metformin (300 mg/kg) and A. turanica extract (70 mg/kg) were orally administrated three days after STZ injection for four weeks. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were measured in the liver tissue. Serum glucose concentration, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were also determined. Results: In the diabetic group, serum glucose

Abnormal cannabidiol (Abn-CBD) and AS-1269574 are potent selective agonists for GPR55 and GPR119, respectively. The present study evaluated the actions and

In our study, experimental induction of diabetes mellitus resulted in diabetic nephropathy, which was assessed by measuring 24hrs. Urinary albumin excretion, serum creatinine, and serum urea on the 12 th week of the experiment. It was noted that there was a significant increase in urinary albumin excretion, serum creatinine, and serum urea noted in rats after STZ administration. This is in agreement with Mianzhi et al. (2012). Various factors are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. It is believed that hyperglycemia induces a defect in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, resulting in increased production of reactive oxygen species and increased oxidative stress. This is a common mediator of the pathophysiological effects of hyperglycemia and subsequent diabetic nephropathy [41]. The increased oxidative stress activates glycation and formation of advanced glycation end products with the formation of cytokines and growth factors [42]. Also increased angiotensin II plays an ...

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The present work was executed to evaluate the anti-diabetic potency of a polyherbal preparation. The objective of this study is to induce experimental diabetes mellitus using Alloxan in normal Albino wistar rats and study the anti-diabetic activity of polyherbal formulation by comparison of changes in body weight and levels of glucose between normal and diabetic rats. Hypoglycemic agents from natural and synthetic sources are available for treatment of diabetes. Indian medicinal plants have been found to be useful to successfully manage diabetes.

We and others recently observed that heparin, and more generally GAG, can prevent or cure experimental diabetic nephropathy (19,20,21,27,28). This study demonstrates that chronic GAG/mH treatment of long-term (12 mo) diabetic animals prevents albuminuria, glomerular increases in PAS staining, collagen III accumulation, and, as shown in earlier studies, enhanced collagen α1 (IV) accumulation and synthesis and basement membrane thickening (20,21). Together, these data demonstrate that the treatment ameliorates the functional and structural renal changes associated with diabetes mellitus.. To investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inhibitory effects of GAG, renal TGF-β1 expression was studied. In accordance with a previous study of short-term diabetic rats (29), increased glomerular and tubular expression of TGF-β1 mRNA was observed for our long-term diabetic animals. TGF-β1 protein levels were also increased in many cortical tubules of diabetic animals. However, we observed no significant ...

Type 1.5 diabetes insulin is required in half of those with Type 1.5 diabetes within four years of diagnosis diabetes treatment People with diabetes cant eat anything sweet. Diabetes Cause Of Death In Us Can Juice Drink Sugarcane 25419 likes 6680 talking about this. PHE customizes Power-Pak C.. Rising health care premiums anger Diabetes Cause Of Death In Us Can Juice Drink Sugarcane those paying full price. weight watcher meatloaf recipe. called Diabetes Warriorwww.diabetes -warrior.net Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Buffalo diabetes guidelines powerpoint. Spend some time in uniform and these things will seem like gourmet meals.. Effect of supplemental antioxidants vitamin C vitamin Left uncontrolled the consequences of type 2 diabetes can be life-threatening. Your blood pressure reading has 2 numbers. Type 2 diabetes diabetes omega 3 fish oil pictures toes metabolic syndrome We know that gestational diabetes is often cured when So the liver is not the cause of diabetes. Californias ...

Background: Vascular disease is the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. A considerable body of evidence implicates oxidative stress as an important pathogenic factor of diabetic vasculopathies. In the present study, the effect of hesperidin, a flavanone glycoside with antioxidant activity, is studied in endothelium-dependent relaxation of the rat aorta in experimental diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and type 2 (DM2). Patients and Methods: Single dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (60mg/kg) and subcutaneous daily injection of dexamethasone (10μg/kg for one month) were used to induce DM1 and DM2, respectively. Hesperidin (500mg/kg) was administered orally for two months in DM1 and one month in DM2. The effect of acetylcholine (Ach) on phenyl ephrine (PE) induced. PE contracted aorta was then studied and the EC50 and maximal relaxant effect of Ach were calculated and compared in the two groups. Results: In the

Diabetes leads to widespread complications including pancreatic β-cell damage, nephropathy and impaired wound healing. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has been shown to improve wound healing through induction of stem cell recruitment and the potential to inhibit progression of diabetic complications. We aimed to determine the efficacy of HBOT in wound healing and organ preservation in a diabetic rat model. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats (n = 10/group) using streptozotocin (20 mg/kg sc) daily for 3 days. A wound was inflicted on the skin over the back and the rats were given HBOT (2.3 ATA for 1 h/day) for 1, 3, 5, 7 or 10 days or were not treated. Blood glucose, pancreatic β-cell damage, diabetic nephropathy and wound healing progression were assessed. Diabetic rats not treated with HBOT had significantly higher blood glucose levels compared to controls (26.7 ± 3.3 mmol/L vs. 5.8 ± 0.4 mmol/L; P ≤ 0.05). This was associated with significant increase in the percentage of β-cell damage

Introduction In the treatment of patients with diabetes, one objective is an improvement of cardiac metabolism to alleviate the left ventricular (LV) function. For this study, we compared the effects of acetyl-l-carnitine (one of the carnitine derivatives) and of oxfenicine (a carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 inhibitor) on cardiac pumping mechanics in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in male Wistar rats, with a particular focus on the pressure-flow-volume relationship. Methods Diabetes was induced by a single tail vein injection of 55 mg kg−1 streptozotocin. The diabetic animals were treated on a daily basis with either acetyl-L-carnitine (1 g L−1 in drinking water) or oxfenicine (150 mg kg−1 by oral gavage) for 8 wk. They were also compared with untreated age-matched diabetic controls. LV pressure and ascending aortic flow signals were recorded to calculate the maximal systolic elastance (E max) and the theoretical maximum flow (Q max).

Background: Nowadays, the use of L-carnitine in the treatment of diabetes is increasing. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of co-administration of L-arginine (precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide) and nitro-L-arginine (nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor) on antidiabetic activity of L-carnitine in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 male rats weighing 180-201g were divided into five groups: (1) non diabetic control rats; (2) untreated diabetic rats; (3) diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine 300 mg/kg (4); diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine 300 mg/kg + L-arginine 300 mg/kg; and (5) diabetic rats treated with L-carnitine (300 mg/kg) + nitro-L-arginine (1mg/kg). Type 1 diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 110 mg/kg body weight alloxan. After 30 days, liver malondialdehyde levels, lipid profile, serum glucose, and glycated hemoglobin serum levels were measured. Results: Blood glucose, liver enzymes, glycated hemoglobin, and liver ...

There were 54 patients with diabetes type 2 and 36 non-diabetic. Individuals of two groups of obese and non-obese compared with apparently healthy control. Before the body mass index (kg/m2) had been calculated, weight (kg) and height (m) were measured as a normal weight (18.49-24.99 kg/m2), or obese (, 30kg/m2) according to the WHO classification. Adipolin significantly decreased in obese diabetic patients compared with obese controls and it is low in the obese diabetic patients group compared to the nonobese patients group. TAC was significantly increased in the patients compared with controls (p , 0.05) and it was low level in obese diabetic patients compared with nonobese patients group, while MAD was high level in obese diabetic patients compared with nonobese patients group. The study also found weak negative correlated with MDA (r=-0.29, p= 0.13), TAC (r=-0.023, p=0.9), in obese diabetic patients while found weak positive correlated with MDA (r=0.037, p=0.85), TAC (r=0.35, p=0.69) in ...

Wohlrab F.; Schmidt S.; Wilke B.; Cossel L., 1987: Proliferation of b cells in pancreatic islet syngeneic transplantation into the spleen of streptozotocin diabetic lewis rats

Citation: Anderson, R.A., Striffler, J. 2008. Development of a Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rat Model for Studies on the Effects of Cinnamon on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion. Journal of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. 22:1113.6. Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: A streptozotocin (STZ) dose response protocol using graded doses of STZ was utilized to develop a diabetic rat model. In addition to the presence of severe basal hyperglycemia, insulin responses to oral glucose showed no change from basal in rats given more than 45 mg of STZ/kg body wt. Oral glucose tolerance (OGT) in rats given 40 mg of STZ/kg body wt was abnormal but the pancreas was able to secrete significant amounts of insulin. In contrast, there was hyper-secretion of insulin associated with near normalization of glucose tolerance at STZ doses of 20 mg/kg body wt or less. In light of these observations, effects of cinnamon dosing on OGT was characterized in rats made diabetic with 40 ...

Hearts from normal and alloxan diabetic rats were perfused in vitro with a bicarbonate-buffered medium containing glucose. Transport of glucose through the cell membrane was stimulated with insulin or by induction of anaerobiosis. The organs were rapidly fixed and examined by electron microscopy. Transport stimulation was not associated with any increase in the number of sarcolemmal invaginations or subsarcolemmal cytoplasmic vesicles. It was concluded that glucose transport and the effects of insulin or anoxia do not involve pinocytosis. The relationship of pinocytosis to glucose transport is discussed. The appearance of numerous lipid inclusions at the Z line level of the sarcomeres in the diabetic and anoxic myocardia is described. ...

In the present study, we investigated the mechanism(s) for glucose-lowering action of andrographolide in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats). Andrographolide lowered plasma glucose concentrations in a dose-dependent manner and increased plasma β-endorphin-like immunoreactivity (BER) dose-dependently in diabetic rats. Both of these responses to andrographolide were abolished by the pretreatment of animals with prazosin or N-(2 -(2-cyclopropylmethoxy) ethyl) 5-choro-α-dimethyl-1H-indole-3-thylamine (RS17053) at doses sufficient to block α1-adrenoceptors (ARs). Also, andrographolide enhanced BER release from isolated rat adrenal medulla in a concentration-related manner that could be abolished by α1-ARs antagonists. Bilateral adrenalectomy in STZ-diabetic rats eliminated the activities of andrographolide, including the plasma glucose-lowering effect and the plasma BER-elevating effect. Andrographolide failed to lower plasma glucose in the presence of opioid μ-receptor ...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influences of exercise on the levels of chemerin and its receptor chemokine-like receptor (CMKLR1) in the peripheral metabolic organs of obesity and diabetes rats, and whether the mechanism is related to peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a key modulator of glycolipid metabolism. METHODS: Obesity rats induced by 8-week high fat diet (HFD) were randomly divided into obesity group (OB) and exercised obesity group (EOB) with 8 rats each group, and 40 diabetes rats established by 8-week HFD plus low dose of streptozotocin were randomly divided into 4 groups: diabetes group (DM), exercised diabetes group (EDM), exercised diabetes plus PPARγ agonist pioglitazone group (EDP), and exercised diabetes plus PPARγ antagonist GW9662 group (EDG). The rats in EOB, EDM, EDG and EDP groups participated in a 4-week moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on a treadmill with gradually increasing intensity, once a day and 6 days/week, and 30 min before each exercise ...

Intraperitoneal islet transplantation has the potential to ameliorate type 1 diabetes mellitus and avert the long-term consequences of chronic diabetes which cannot be achieved by conventional insulin treatment.. As donor human islets are not available in sufficient numbers, porcine islets are the best alternative source as they are recognised as the most physiologically compatible xenogeneic insulin-producing cells. Although the use of pig-derived cells raises the risk of xenotic infections, this can be minimised by obtaining cells from designated pathogen-free (DPF) animals bred in isolation and monitored to be free of specified pathogens. The worldwide experience to date in more than 200 patients who have received transplants of pig tissue has not demonstrated evidence of transmitted xenotic infections.. As animal-derived tissues have to be protected from immune rejection when transplanted into humans, transplants are usually accompanied by immunosuppressive therapy. However, porcine islets ...

Negative consequences of diabetes on the prostate such as involution are associated with diminished testosterone, insulin deficiency, and hyperglycemia. The contributions of oxidative damage, which usually increases with diabetes, are unknown for these alterations. This study evaluated the impact of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on the biomarkers of the antioxidant system of rat ventral prostate, the influence of vitamin C supplementation on these biomarkers, and on the balance between cell proliferation and death. Diabetes (D) was induced in Wistar male rats by streptozotocin (5?mg/100?g b.w., i.p.). Control animals (C) were injected with a vehicle. Vitamin C (150?mg/kg b.w./day) supplementation was introduced by gavage in diabetes (D?+?V) as well as control (C?+?V) groups. Thirty days after diabetes onset, the rats were killed and the ventral prostates were analyzed using light microscopy, immunocytochemistry, and biochemical assays for biomarkers of oxidative stress. In comparison to ...

The diabetic mice tended to have greater hematoma expansion than non-diabetic mice, which was as expected from this model of type 1 diabetes.. Injecting the PK inhibitor into diabetic rats resulted in a smaller hematoma spread. In diabetic mice that were engineered to not make the PK protein, hematoma expansion was lower than in diabetic mice that did make this protein.. To see whether the effects on hematoma expansion were dependent on high blood glucose levels (as found in diabetics), diabetic mice were injected with insulin to lower their blood glucose, before they were injected with PK. The large hematoma expansion that would have normally happened in these mice did not occur. In case the process of making the rats diabetic had affected their PK activity rather than the high glucose, the researchers injected non-diabetic rats with glucose to produce a spike of glucose in their blood stream. The hematoma expansion in these hyperglycaemic rats was found to be greater than in the control ...

Streptozotocin-induced diabetes has previously been shown to alter the sensitivity and responsiveness of rat myocardial tissues to cardiotonic agonists. The objective of the present study was to determine if these alterations were due to the diabetogenic or possible direct cardiotoxic effects of streptozotocin. One month after streptozotocin treatment the following changes were observed in the rat: decrease in body weight; elevation of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels; decrease in spontaneously beating atrial rate; elevation in basal developed force of electrically driven right ventricle; and inotropic subsensitivity of right ventricle to isoproterenol, which was associated with decreased beta-adrenoceptor density and supersensitivity to calcium. Pretreatment with the nonmetabolizable glucose analog 3-O-methyl glucose prevented these alterations. Chronic insulin replenishment also reversed the effects of streptozotocin, with the exception of complete normalization of elevations in blood

Background and purpose: Okra plant has different properties and some studies reported that this plant can lower the complications of diabetes. Herein, we studied the effects of okra powder on histomorphometry and histochemitry of the thyroid gland, lipid profile, as well as T3 and T4 hormones in HDF/STZ diabetic Wistar ...

Lunardi N, Ori C, Erisir A, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. General anesthesia causes long-lasting disturbances in the ultrastructural properties of developing synapses in young rats. Neurotoxicology Research 2010;17:179-88.. Messinger RB, Naik AK, Jagodic MM, Nelson MT, Lee WY, Choe WJ, Orestes P, Latham JR, Todorovic SM, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. In vivo silencing of the Ca(V)3.2 T-type calcium channels in sensory neurons alleviates hyperalgesia in rats with streptozocin-induced diabetic neuropathy. Pain 2009;145:184-95.. Latham JR, Pathirathna S, Jagodic MM, Levin ME, Nelson MT, Lee WY, Krishnan K, Covey DF, Todorovic SM, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. Selective T-type calcium channel blockade alleviates hyperalgesia of morbid-obesity-induced diabetic neuropathy in ob/ob mice. Diabetes 2009;58:2656-65.. Rizzi S, Carter LB, Ori C, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. Clinical anesthesia causes permanent damage to the fetal guinea pig brain. Brain Pathology 2008;18(2):198-210.. Yon, J-H, Carter LB, Reiter RJ, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. ...