Abstract. The mosquito-transmitted pathogen West Nile virus (WNV) is not yet present in the Galápagos Archipelago of Ecuador. However, concern exists for fragile endemic island fauna after population decreases in several North American bird species and pathology in certain reptiles. We examined WNV vector competency of a Galápagos strain of mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus Say). Field specimens were tested for their capacity to transmit the WN02-1956 strain of WNV after incubation at 27°C or 30°C. Rates of infection, dissemination, and transmission all increased with days post-exposure to WNV, and the highest rates were observed at 28 days. Infection rates peaked at 59% and transmission rates peaked at 44% (of mosquitoes tested). Vector efficiency increased after day 14. Rates of infection but not of transmission were significantly influence by temperature. No vertical transmission was detectable. We demonstrate that Galápagos Cx. quinquefasciatus are competent WNV vectors, and therefore should be

The Transcriptome Profile of the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus following Permethrin Selection. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

101 - 1,000 = High, 1,001 - 10,000 = Very High, ,10,000 = Extreme.. 28/Apr/2010: Hanwood had a high catch of 144, with 30 Culex annulirostris. Barren Box yielded a low catch. 27/Apr/2010: There were no seroconversions to either MVEV or KUNV from the bleeds taken on 8/Mar/2010, 15/Mar/2010, 22/Mar/2010, 29/Mar/2010 or 6/Apr. 21/Apr/2010: Hanwood had a high catch of 234, with 52 Culex annulirostris. Barren Box yielded a medium catch of73 and included 42 Culex annulirostris. 16/Apr/2010: The flavivirus isolate from Culex annulirostris trapped at Hanwood on the 22/Mar/10 was Kokobera virus. 14Apr/2010: Hanwood had a high catch of 230, with 159 Culex quinquefasciatus. Barren Box had a low catch. 8/Apr/2010: There was one flavivirus isolate from Culex annulirostris trapped at Hanwood on 29/Mar/2010. 6/Apr/2010: Mosquito numbers continue to be well above average and high from both sites. Hanwood trapped 107 mosquitoes, with 65 Culex annulirostris. Barren Box collected a total of 413 ...

The capability of Beauveria bassiana fungus to kill mosquito larvae was challenged with Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in a study conducted at the entomology laboratory of the Hea...

101 - 1,000 = High, 1,001 - 10,000 = Very High, ,10,000 = Extreme.. 28/Apr/2015: Mosquito numbers were low. 14/Apr/2015: Nurrangingy had a high catch of 194 mosquitoes, with 177 Culex annulirostris. Ropes Crossing had a trap failure. 8/Apr/2015: The trap was stoled from Nurrangingy. Ropes Crossing produced a low catch. 2/Apr/2015: Nurrangingy had a medium catch of 53 mosquitoes, with 52 Culex annulirostris. Ropes Crossing produced a low catch. 25/Mar/2015: Mosquito numbers were low. 19/Mar/2015: Nurrangingy had a high catch of 233 mosquitoes, with 203 Culex annulirostris. Ropes Crossing produced a low catch. 11/Mar/2015: Nurrangingy had a high catch of 297 mosquitoes, with 283 Culex annulirostris. Ropes Crossing produced a low catch. 5/Mar/2015: Nurrangingy had a medium catch of 65 mosquitoes, with 38 Culex annulirostris. Ropes Crossing produced a low catch. 25/Feb/2015: Nurrangingy had a high catch of 131 mosquitoes, with 55 Culex annulirostris. Ropes Crossing ...

Due to the medical significance of this species, vector surveillance, with the ultimate goal of predicting human cases of SLE virus, is of critical importance. Historically, New Jersey light traps and CDC miniature light traps have been used to monitor the abundance of Culex nigripalpus adults. However, we have found that resting collections made with ground aspirators, provide a superior measure of Culex nigripalpus adult populations. This is because males as well as females in all gonotrophic conditions (host seeking, blood fed, partially blood fed and gravid) are taken in aspirator collections. Due to their green color, newly emerged adults of both sexes can be identified and counted, thus providing an accurate measure of adult emergence. Because Culex nigripalpus females prefer to lay their eggs in freshly flooded ditches, huge numbers of adults are often observed during the wet summer months in south Florida. The vast number of breeding habitats in which this species is found results in ...

Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Common house mosquito (Culex pipiens). A female mosquito with prominent antenna and proboscis. Culex species lay their eggs in the form of egg rafts that float in still or stagnant water. In the United States, West Nile virus is transmitted primarily by Culex pipiens mosquitoes. Culex spp. become infected by biting certain birds carrying the West Nile virus and in turn transmits the virus to humans where it can cause encephalitis and meningitis. Culex spp. are also disease vectors of western equine and Saint Louis encephalitis. In addition, Culex spp. are carriers of viral encephalitis and filariasis. Magnification: x6 when shortest axis printed at 25 millimetres. - Stock Image C032/3600

In this work, 246 Bacillus sphaericus strains were evaluated against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae to select the most effective ones to be used as the basis of a national product. All strains were isolated from different regions of Brazil and they are stored in a Bacillus spp. collection at Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology. The selected strains were characterized by biochemical and molecular methods. Based on selective bioassays, 87 strains were identified as toxic to one or both target species. All of these strains contain genes that encode the 42, 51 kDa proteins that constitute the binary toxin and the 100 kDa Mtx1 toxin. All toxic strains presented a very high LC50 against A. aegypti, so, a product based on any of these B. sphaericus strains would not be recommended for use in programmes to control A. aegypti. S201 had highest activity against C. quinquefasciatus, presenting the lowest LC50 and LC90 in bioassays.. ...

Md.Ataur Rahman, Shakil Ahmed Khan, Md. Tipu Sultan, Md. Rokibul Islam Department of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh Insect Biotechnology Division, Institute of Food & Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh Key words: Bacillus sphaericus, binary protein, Culex quinquefasciatus, mosquitocidal, biopesticide. Abstract The larvicidal action of the…

TY - JOUR. T1 - Overwintering Studies on Culex tarsalis (Diptera. T2 - Culicidae) in Kern County, California: Temporal Changes in Abundance and Reproductive Status with Comparative Observations on C. quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). AU - Reisen, William. AU - Meyer, Richard P.. AU - Milby, Marilyn M.. PY - 1986/5/1. Y1 - 1986/5/1. N2 - Population ecology of Culex tarsalis Coquillett was studied at Hart Park, Kern County, Calif., during the winters of 1982-83 and 1983-84. Female relative abundance declined during autumn to a minimum in December and January. Most females collected during winter were empty, inseminated, and nulliparous, indicating a cessation of gonotrophic activity. However, observations on ovarian morphometry indicated that the hibernating states achieved included reproductive diapause, quiescence, and perhaps oligopause. Females remained vagile and readily repopulated resting sites after removal sampling. Relative abundance increased in late February and March in ...

Abstract St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus has continued to be active in the Colorado Desert region of Southern California (Coachella and Imperial Valleys) since 1973, while it has virtually disappeared from the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys of Central California. Consequently, comparative vector competence studies were undertaken from 1978 to 1981 to evaluate the susceptibility of populations of Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex tarsalis from the San Joaquin and Coachella/Imperial Valleys to oral infection with representative SLE viral strains from each geographical area. Culex quinquefasciatus females from both areas were equally susceptible to infection with both viral strains by the pledget and viremic chick feeding techniques. Although susceptibility profiles were similar by both feeding techniques, infection thresholds (i.e., ID50s) obtained with Cx. quinquefasciatus females were at least 10,000-fold lower when fed on viremic chicks than on virus soaked pledgets. Culex tarslis females from

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association publishes works containing research in the areas of mosquito and vector biology, systematics, and control.

PubMed Central Canada (PMC Canada) provides free access to a stable and permanent online digital archive of full-text, peer-reviewed health and life sciences research publications. It builds on PubMed Central (PMC), the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) free digital archive of biomedical and life sciences journal literature and is a member of the broader PMC International (PMCI) network of e-repositories.

Odors from fresh chicken feces in water elicited upwind flight of host-seeking female Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in a dual-choice olfactometer. Acidification of the slurry of chicken feces and water resulted in increased attraction, whereas alkaline slurries of chicken feces and water control …

The Coronator Group encompasses Culex coronator Dyar & Knab, Culex camposi Dyar, Culex covagarciai Forattini, Culex ousqua Dyar, Culex usquatissimus Dyar, Culex usquatus Dyar and Culex yojoae Strickman. Culex coronator has the largest geographic distribution, occurring in North, Central and South America. Moreover, it is a potential vector-borne mosquito species because females have been found naturally infected with several arboviruses, i.e., Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus and West Nile Virus. Considering the epidemiological importance of Cx. coronator, we investigated the wing shape diversity of Cx. coronator from South and Southeast Brazil, a method to preliminarily estimate population diversity. Field-collected immature stages of seven populations from a large geographical area in Brazil were maintained in the laboratory to obtain both females and males linked with pupal and/or larval exuviae. For each individual female, 18 landmarks of left wings were marked

Mosquitoes of the genus Culex are the vectors of bird-hosted arboviruses that occasionally cause disease in humans, such as Sindbis virus (SINV) (Alphavirus) West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) (Flavivirus), all circulating in Europe. Seven potential vector species are recognised within the genus Culex in Europe, most of which show a preference for biting birds (ornithophilic). One of the species, the northern house mosquito Cx. pipiens, has been described as having two separate biotypes: Cx. pipiens biotype pipiens and Cx. pipiens biotype molestus, of which the latter fulfils certain criteria that separates it from the other: it does not hibernate in winter (homodynamic), it utilizes underground larval habitat (hypogeous), it can mate in confined spaces (stenogamous), it can lay its first egg batch without a blood meal (autogenous), and it feeds on humans (mammophilic). Culex pipiens biotype molestus has been reported from many central and southern European countries but never from ...

This series is about mosquitoes (Culex pipiens complex) and insecticide resistance. It ran live on the site over two weeks in 2015 as Linda Kothera, a mosquito biologist at the Center for Disease Control (CDC) in Fort Collins, Colorado answered reader questions. Mosquitoes are vectors of human and other animal diseases. For example, Culex pipiens…

We report a laboratory colony of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes were experimentally able to salivate Zika virus (ZIKV, Flaviviridae; Flavivirus) at 16 days post infection (dpi). ZIKV RNA was detected in bodies and in saliva deposited on filter paper cards with subsequent studies demonstrating the presence of live ZIKV in saliva.

Belkin JN, Heinemann SJ, Page WA. 1970. Mosquito Studies (Diptera, Culicidae) XXI. The Culicidae of Jamaica. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 6(1).. Blosser, EM, Stenn, T, Acevedo, C, and Burkett-Cadena, ND. 2016. Host use and seasonality of Culex (Melanoconion) iolambdis (Diptera: Culicidae) from eastern Florida, USA. Acta tropica, 164, pp. 352-359.. Carpenter SJ, LaCasse WJ. 1955. Mosquitoes of North America (North of Mexico). University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA. pp 360.. Darsie Jr, RF. 2002. Redescription of the pupa of Culex (Melanoconion) iolambdis Dyar. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 18: 277-279.. Darsie Jr, RF, and Ward RA. 2005. Identification and Geographical Distribution of the Mosquitoes of North America, North of Mexico. University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL. pp. 400.. Edman, JD. 1979. Host-feeding patterns of Florida mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology 15: 521-525.. Foote RH. 1952. ...

In a paper published in the February issue of the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Dr. Dina Fonseca and her team identified different strains of the southern house mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus). Until now, researchers were unaware that this one species of mosquito could have consistent variations in its genetic makeup and that the geographical distribution of the mosquito variants explained the occurrence of serious diseases. The diseases include elephantiasis (a disfiguring disease), West Nile virus and other encephalitides, avian malaria and poxvirus. The surprising thing is that there is actually structure in this mosquito. Researchers had thought that all populations of this mosquito were the same, explained Fonseca, who was the first to examine the genetic makeup of this important disease transmitter ...

Two species of arbovirus vector, Culex torrentium and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae), occur in several European countries, but difficulties in their accurate identification and discrimination have hampered both detailed and large-scale distribution and abundance studies. Using a molecular identification method, we identified to species 2559 larvae of Cx. pipiens/torrentium collected from 138 sites in 13 European countries ranging from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean coast. In addition, samples of 1712 males of Cx. pipiens/torrentium collected at several sites in the Czech Republic were identified to species based on the morphology of their hypopygia. We found that the two species occur together in large areas of Europe, and that Cx. torrentium dominates in northern Europe and Cx. pipiens dominates south of the Alps. The transition in dominance occurs in central Europe, where both species are roughly equally common. There was a strong correlation between the length of the growing season at ...

One of the primary avian vectors of West Nile virus in the northern United States, Culex pipiens (L.), enters an adult diapause in late summer and early fall in response to short daylength and low temperature. The mosquitoes first appear in overwintering sites such as caves, culverts, and unheated basements as early as August and remain there until spring when environmental conditions again become favorable for development. Only females enter diapause and most are inseminated prior to entering the hibernation site. In preparation for diapause, females increase their lipid reserves by feeding on sugar-rich sources such as nectar and rotting fruit. Although females programmed for diapause can be enticed to take a blood meal by being placed in close proximity to a host, it appears this rarely, if ever, happens in the field. Failure of diapausing females to take a blood meal is presumably the reason that so few of the overwintering females harbor West Nile virus. Many aspects of diapause in Cx. ...

West-Nile virus provides an interesting, observed, epidemiological model for infectious disease. This is because, since its incursion into the Northern Hemisphere, it has rapidly spread across North America. This article, by Chen et al describes statistical models constructed to predict West-Nile virus infection rates in female Culex Tarsalis Coquillett mosquitoes in the Canadian Prairies. Associations…

Before humans arrived on the islands, there were no mosquitoes or any other biting or blood sucking insects. By the mid 1800s however, mosquitoes were firmly established throughout the archipelago introduced inadvertently through human activities. Of these, the southern house mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus) is the greatest threat to Hawaiian birds. Introduced in 1826, it is the primary vector of Avian Malaria and Avian Pox, and is implicated in the decline and extinction of many native forest birds.. Most of Mauis native forest birds exist where mosquitoes do not; high elevation, northeastern slopes of Haleakalā above ~4500 feet (the mosquito line). This is because mosquitoes cannot survive the cool climate at these altitudes and the parasite (Avian Malaria) cannot develop in its vector.. Kiwikiu and Ākohekohe once occurred throughout low and mid-elevation forests on Maui. They are now extirpated from these habitats and restricted to just a tiny fraction of their historic ranges due to ...

Brazilian researchers said Thursday they have found Zika in Culex mosquitoes in what could be an important discovery. But they cautioned that more study was needed. Until now, Zika was believed to be carried mainly by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which is much less numerous. Culex mosquitoes are much more widespread.

Culex n : type genus of the Culicidae: widespread genus of mosquitoes distinguished by holding the body parallel to the resting surface [syn: {genus Culex}] dictd_www.dict.org_gcide Culex Culex \Culex\, n. [L., a gnat.] (Zo[o]l.) A genus of mosquitoes of the family {Culicidae}, to which most of the North American species belong. Some members of this genus are exceedingly annoying, as {Culex sollicitans}, which bree

Currently, I am a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of Biological Sciences and the Eck Instititue for Global Health at the University of Notre Dame. The Severson Lab studies the genetics and genomics of mosquitoes that transmit human diseases. I study genetic mechanisms that underlie complex traits associated with bloodfeeding in Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti. West Nile Virus is just one disease transmitted by the Culex pipiens complex and Aedes aegypti is a vector of multiple neglected tropical diseases including Dengue and Chikungunya. As no vaccine exists for these diseases, transmission is prevented through mosquito control. A more complete understanding of the genes and genetic pathways that regulate female reproductive behaviors will inform development and implementation of vector control methods. Our ability to generate informative genetic markers (SNPs) and infer quantitative trait loci (QTL) has increased dramatically with the advent of massively parallel sequencing ...

Currently, I am a Postdoctoral Research Associate in the Department of Biological Sciences and the Eck Instititue for Global Health at the University of Notre Dame. The Severson Lab studies the genetics and genomics of mosquitoes that transmit human diseases. I study genetic mechanisms that underlie complex traits associated with bloodfeeding in Culex pipiens and Aedes aegypti. West Nile Virus is just one disease transmitted by the Culex pipiens complex and Aedes aegypti is a vector of multiple neglected tropical diseases including Dengue and Chikungunya. As no vaccine exists for these diseases, transmission is prevented through mosquito control. A more complete understanding of the genes and genetic pathways that regulate female reproductive behaviors will inform development and implementation of vector control methods. Our ability to generate informative genetic markers (SNPs) and infer quantitative trait loci (QTL) has increased dramatically with the advent of massively parallel sequencing ...

The Culex pipiens subgroup of mosquitoes contains some of the most important vector species internationally. In Australia, there are four species currently present that belong to that subgroup, with Culex molestus one species that is closely associated with urban environments, and concern has been raised as to the potential role this species may play in the transmission of exotic and endemic Flaviviruses. An understanding of the biology and ecology of this species is crucial for the establishment of laboratory colonies and further experimentation. Using field‐collected adult mosquitoes, a laboratory colony of Cx. molestus was established and sustained for 10 generations. The species was strongly stenogamous and, across all generations, over 95% of females laid autogenous egg rafts with a mean egg raft size of 54.2 ± 17.7 eggs. The females did not display a preference for highly organic oviposition water and readily laid eggs in clean water. While colony maintenance could be sustained on ...

Insect cuticular hydrocarbons are known to have a protection and a pheromonal role. Quantitative changes in the cuticular hydrocarbons of Diptera occur over time and were used in a preliminary attempt to age-grade of mosquitoes. Halofenozide (RH-0345) is an insect growth regulator belonging to the class of non-steroidal ecdysone agonists. In a previous study, halofenozide was found to be effective against larvae of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) and exerted its toxicity primarily by the induction of a precocious lethal molting (Boudjelida et al., 2005). In this study, newly molted 4th instar larvae of C. pipiens were exposed to halofenozide (23% EC) for 24 h at LC50 (12.58 µg/l) and LC90 (28.58µg/l) concentrations under standard laboratory conditions according to WHO recommendations. Then, to better understand the mode of action of halofenozide, the profiles of the cuticular hydrocarbons in treated and control larvae were evaluated using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass

Culex nigripalpus (Florida SLE mosquito) is a species of medium-sized, dark, blood-feeding mosquito of the family Culicidae. Culex nigripalpus has been found to occur in the following countries: Anguilla, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Grenada, Guadeloupe , Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Montserrat , Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States, Venezuela, Virgin Islands. In the United States, it is found from Texas to North Carolina in warm, humid coastal habitats and in the Mississippi River basin as far north as Kentucky. Culex nigripalpus larvae live in fresh water in semi-permanent or permanent marshes, ditches, retention ponds, and grassy pools, and females prefer to lay eggs in freshly flooded ditches. Culex nigripalpus is a principle disease vector in Florida - ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Activity of free and clay-bound insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis against the mosquito Culex pipiens. AU - Lee, Lan Na. AU - Saxena, Deepak. AU - Stotzky, G.. PY - 2003/7/1. Y1 - 2003/7/1. N2 - Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis produces parasporal insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) that have larvicidal activity against some members of the order Diptera, such as blackflies and mosquitoes. Hydrolysis of the ICPs in the larval gut results in four major proteins with a molecular mass of 27, 65, 128, and 135 kDa. Toxicity is caused by synergistic interaction between the 25-kDa protein (proteolytic product of the 27-kDa protein) and one or more of the higher-molecular-mass proteins. Equilibrium adsorption of the proteins on the clay minerals montmorillonite and kaolinite, which are homoionic to various cations, was rapid (,30 min for maximal adsorption), increased with protein concentration and then reached a plateau (68 to 96% of the ...

ROSADO-SOLANO, Doris Natalia et al. LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND EXTRACTS OF COLOMBIAN PLANTS AGAINST CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE). Iteckne [online]. 2018, vol.15, n.2, pp.79-87. ISSN 1692-1798. http://dx.doi.org/10.15332/iteckne.v15i2.2069.. Essential oils and extracts obtained by microwave hydrodistillation and percolation from plants organically cultivated in the farm El Limonal Piedecuesta- Santander, Colombia, were characterized by Gas Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry. The insecticidal activity against third instar larva of Culex quinquefasciatus and the inhibition activity of acetylcholinesterase of those compounds were studied. Also, the toxicity was evaluated against the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Our results show that the Ruta graveolens essential oil had the highest larvicidal activity with a LC50 7.20±0.19 μg/mL, a moderate inhibition over the enzyme with an IC50 44.98±1.1 μg/mL and a moderate toxicity with a LC50 13.33±0.59 ...

Cry4Ba is a δ-endotoxin produced by Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis and Cyt2Aa2 is a cytolytic δ-endotoxin produced by B. thuringiensis subsp. darmstadiensis. Cry4Ba produced in Escherichia coli was toxic to Aedes aegypti larvae (LC50= 140 ng ml-1) but virtually inactive to Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. Cyt2Aa2 expressed in E. coli exhibited moderate activity against A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus larvae with LC50values of 350 and 250 ng ml-1, respectively. Co-expression of both toxins in E. coli dramatically increased toxicity to both A. aegypti andC. quinquefasciatus larvae (LC50= 7 and 20 ng ml-1, respectively). This is the first report to demonstrate that Cry4Ba and Cyt2Aa2 have high synergistic activity against C. quinquefasciatus larvae. © 2005 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved ...

Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Southern house mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus). It is the vector of Wuchereria bancrofti, avian malaria, and arboviruses including St. Louis encephalitis virus, Western equine encephalitis virus, and West Nile virus. Magnification: x5. 5 when shortest axis printed at 25 millimetres. - Stock Image C032/3845

|i|Background & Objectives|/i|. The plan of this work was to study the larvicidal activity of |i|Cassia occidentalis|/i| (Linn.) against the larvae of |i|Culex quinquefasciatus|/i|. These larvae are the most significant vectors. They transmit the parasites and pathogens which cause a deadly disease like filariasis, dengue, yellow fever, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, and so forth, which are considered harmful towards the population in tropic and subtropical regions. |i|Methods|/i|. The preliminary laboratory trail was undertaken to determine the efficacy of petroleum ether and N-butanol extract of dried whole plant of |i|Cassia occidentalis|/i| (Linn.) belonging to the family Caesalpiniaceae at various concentrations against the late third instar larvae of |i|Culex quinquefasciatus|/i| by following the WHO guidelines. |i|Results|/i|. The results suggest that 100%

An entomological monitoring of Japanese encephalitis vectors from the Cuddalore district, Tamil Nadu was undertaken at biweekly intervals for 1 hr after dusk for five years to find out the abundance and JE virus activity longitudinally in three villages. A total of 95,644 vectors belonging to 31 species constituted predominantly by Culex vishnui subgroup and Culex gelidus 98.5%. JE virus was identified from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (18), Cx. vishnui (1) and Cx. gelidus (6) giving infection rate of 0.482, 0.608 and 0.221 respectively. Abundance of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. gelidus differed significantly by area, season and year (P,0.05) whereas Cx. vishuni differed significantly by season and year (P,0.05). Transmission was not observed throughout all the seasons and the infection rate was recorded maximum during Hot-Wet season 0.46 (confidence interval: 0.17-1.02). Culex tritaeniorhynchus dominated the catch and the Culex gelidus steadily increased in its abundance during this period compared ...

Journal of Parasitology Research is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies in all areas of basic and applied parasitology. Articles covering host-parasite relationships and parasitic diseases will be considered, as well as studies on disease vectors. Articles highlighting social and economic issues around the impact of parasites are also encouraged. As an international, Open Access publication, Journal of Parasitology Research aims to foster learning and collaboration between countries and communities.

DIEZ, Fernando; BRESER, Víctor J.; QUIRAN, Estela M. and ROSSI, Gustavo C.. New records of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in La Pampa Province, Argentina. Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. [online]. 2011, vol.70, n.3-4, pp. 347-349. ISSN 0373-5680.. We report the first record of Culex interfor Dyar, Culex lahillei Bachmann y Casal, Culex pipiens Linneo, Culex saltanensis Dyar, Culex tatoi Casal & García and Psorophora discrucians Walker for La Pampa Province. These records increase the number of species present in the province from 10 to 16. In addition, the geographical distribution of Aedes aegypti Linneo, Culex apicinus Philippi, Culex brethesi Dyar, Culex maxi Dyar, Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Ochlerotatus albifasciatus Macquart in the same Province is expanded.. Keywords : Culicidae; Distribution; New records; La Pampa Province; Argentina. ...

Between May 18 and December 4, 1986, 79 seagoing containers and their contents of 22,051 used tires were inspected for adult mosquitoes as well as eggs and larvae. Of the total inspected, 5,507 tires (25%) contained significant amounts of water. No adults or eggs were found. Fifteen tires contained mosquito larvae that were identified as Ae. albopictus, Ae. togoi, Culex pipiens complex, Tripteroides bambusa and Uranotaenia bimaculata. The infestation rate for all species was 6.8 infested tires per 10,000 tires (wet and dry) inspected. Aedes albopictus larvae were most frequently collected, occurring at a rate of 20 infested wet tires per 10,000 inspected.

West Nile Virus Risk - The regions most advanced in degree-day accumulations for Culex tarsalis, the vector for West Nile Virus, are shown in the map below. As of July 13, 2017, areas highlighted in yellow on the map below have accumulated sufficient heat for the initial C. tarsalis to begin to fly whereas areas highlighted in orange have to C. tarsalis flying so wear your DEET to stay protected! ...

Wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbionts that can invade arthropod populations through manipulation of their reproduction. In mosquitoes, Wolbachia

We collected four field populations of Culex pipiens larvae from Northern Tunisia to study their chlorpyrifos resistance characteristics. Assays were performed using etha..

A Kansas State University study at the Biosecurity Research Institute has found important results in the fight against Zika virus: Culex mosquitoes do not appear to transmit Zika virus.

|span||i|Culex pipiens|/i| serves as the endemic vector of West Nile virus (WNV) in eastern North America, where house sparrows (HOSP, |i|Passer domesticus|/i|) serve as a reservoir host. We tested the hypotheses that: (1) Attraction of |i|Cx. pipiens|/i| to HOSP is influenced by bird age and (2) that age|/span| …

Enzymes such as Esterase A and B (EST), alk. phosphatase (APH), acid phosphatase (ACPH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), aldehyde oxidase (ALDOX) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) were analyzed in 2 populations of Japanese encephalitis (JE) vectors, C. vishnui and C. fuscocephala. Comparisons were made between population from an agricultural field at Mandya district and suburban areas of Mysore. Heterozygosity and allelic frequencies at different loci were calcd. for each enzyme. The data has indicated significant variation between the 2 populations for EST alleles. In mosquitoes, esterases are an important group of enzymes responsible for the development of insecticide resistance. As the JE vectors under study are subjected to an year round insecticidal selection pressure in Mandya district, the result can be correlated to the ecol. status of the populations. [on SciFinder(R)]. ...

Aedes aegypti is the principal vector of the etiological agents of yellow fever, dengue fever and chikungunya fever. In 1901, Walter Reed and colleagues showed that yellow fever was transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Their work was based on Carlos Finlays hypothesis that mosquito bites could transmit the organism causing the disease. Due to its easy adaptation to laboratory culture it is the most studied species within the Culicinae, and has extensively contributed to our understanding of mosquito biology, physiology, genetics, and vector competence.. The Aedes aegypti complete genome sequence was first published in 2007. About 47% of the genome consists of transposable elements, probably contributing to the expansion in size and organization of the Aedes aegypti genome over time. ...

We isolated Sindbis virus (SINV) from the enzootic mosquito vectors Culex torrentium, Cx. pipiens, and Culiseta morsitans collected in an area of Sweden where SINV disease is endemic. The infection rate in Cx. torrentium mosquitoes was exceptionally high (36 infections/1,000 mosquitoes), defining Cx. torrentium as the main enzootic vector of SINV in Scandinavia.. ...

MATERIALS AND METHODS Bacterial strains - Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, B. megaterium, Azospirillum brasilense, B. thuringiensis var. israelensis (wild type), B. t. var. israelensis (mutant) and B. sphaericus, obtained from the culture collection of Vector Control Research Centre (VCRC), Pondicherry, were used for the study. Cultivation of bacteria - Nutrient broth (NB) containing (wt/v %) glucose (0.5), beef extract (0.5), sodium chloride (0.5), and peptone (0.5) in distilled water at a pH 7.5 was used to grow P. fluorescens, B. cereus and B. megaterium. Nutrient yeast extract mineral salt medium (NYSM) [composition (wt/v %): glucose, 0.5; peptone, 0.5; sodium chloride, 0.5; beef extract. 0.3; yeast extract, 0.5; magnesium chloride, 0.020; manganous chloride, 0.001; and calcium chloride, 0.010 in distilled water, pH 7.2] was used to grow wild type as well as mutant strains of B. t. var. israelensis (Yousten et al. 1980). And to grow B. sphaericus the medium NYSM without glucose was ...

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai efektivitas ekstrak daun serai dapur sebagai larvasida nyamuk Culex Sp dapat disimpulkan bahwa Kematian larva nyamuk terendah terjadi pada perlakuan kontrol (0 %) sebanyak 4 ekor, dan kematian larva nyamuk tertinggi terjadi pada pemberian ekstrak daun serai dapur dengan konsentrasi 100% sebanyak 112 ekor .Terdapat perbedaan jumlah kematian larva nyamuk Culex Sp secara signifikan pada berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak daun serai dapur .Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui semakin tinggi konsentrasi ekstrak daun serai dapur yang diberikan maka semakin banyak kematian larva nyamuk dan kematian larva nyamuk terbanyak terjadi pada konsentrasi 100%.. ...

The Andover Board of Health is advising residents to drain any standing water on their property to prevent their yard from becoming a source of mosquitoes, which thrive in water-holding containers, including birdbaths, childrens toys, stored tires, and clogged gutters. Residents should also ensure that air conditioner drip pans are empty and that water features in landscaping are aerated with pumps. Mosquitoes are the primary vectors transmitters of West Nile virus, a virus that can cause fever, meningitis, or encephalitis. Early symptoms include fever, headache, stiff neck, and muscle weakness. A sumithrin-based insecticide with low mammalian toxicity recently was sprayed south of Route 133, from the Tewksbury line to Bellevue Road, along Bellevue Road and Blanchard Street and the nearby side streets, to address the recent discovery of mosquitoes in Tewksbury that tested positive for West Nile virus. Residents also are being advised to take common-sense precautions: Avoid going outdoors between dusk

Avian malaria is a devastating disease that has decimated numerous bird species. This study sought to identify the vectors of avian malaria at four central Virginia Prothonotary warbler breeding sites. Twenty one thousand mosquitoes were collected and Culex salinarius, Cx. erraticus, and Cx. pipiens/restuans were found to be the dominant species at these sites. Geographic factors, such as crop land and forest type, were determined to be potential indicators for species abundance variation between sites. Of the mosquitoes collected, ninety one (0.4%) were identified as blood fed. The blood fed mosquitoes were found to have fed on avian, mammalian, amphibian, and reptilian hosts and a 12.1% Plasmodium infection rate. Of the non-blood fed mosquito pools tested, Deep Bottom had the highest rate of infection (10.5%). Of the species tested, Cx. salinarius, Cx. erraticus, and Cx. pipiens/restuans were determined to be the most probable vectors of avian malaria the four sites.

Vector control is facing a threat due to emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. Compounds that mediate the oviposition of mosquitoes: a possible sustainable tool for the control and monitoring of Culicidae. The present study to evaluate o

Effects of Blackberry Leaf Infusion on Survival Rate and Outcomes of Intraspecific Competition of Culex restuans and Aedes aegypti

ID WOLPP_1_PE1224 STANDARD; PRT; 93 AA. AC WOLPP_1_PE1224; DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 1, Created) DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 2, Last sequence update) DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 3, Last annotation update) DE (WOLPP_1.PE1224). OS WOLBACHIA ENDOSYMBIONT OF CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS PEL. OC Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiales; OC Anaplasmataceae; Wolbachieae; Wolbachia. OX NCBI_TaxID=570417; RN [0] RP -.; RG -.; RL -.; CC -!- SEQ. DATA ORIGIN: Translated from the HOGENOM CDS WOLPP_1.PE1224. CC Wolbachia endosymbiont of Culex quinquefasciatus Pel, complete genome. CC chromosome, complete genome. CC -!- GENE_FAMILY: HOG000219995 [ FAMILY / ALN / TREE ] DR HOGENOMDNA; WOLPP_1.PE1224; -. KW Putative phage related protein. SQ SEQUENCE 93 AA; UNKNOWN MW; UNKNOWN CRC64; MPSGIKPYNI DYSESVIKKD IPALPAKVKL MIKKAIMERL TVDPIGLGKP LKHNLSGQRS LRVSTYRILY YIDVPEHTVV ITAIEHRKDS YQN ...

Looking for online definition of arteria tarsalis lateralis in the Medical Dictionary? arteria tarsalis lateralis explanation free. What is arteria tarsalis lateralis? Meaning of arteria tarsalis lateralis medical term. What does arteria tarsalis lateralis mean?

Macfarlane, R.P., Maddison, P.A., Andrew, I.G., Berry, J.A., Johns, P.M., Hoare, R.J.B., Larivière, M.-C., Greenslade, P., Henderson, R.C., Smithers, C.N., Palma, R.L., Ward, J.B., Pilgrim, R.L.C., Towns, D.R., McLellan, I., Teulon, D.A.J., Hitchings, T.R., Eastop, V.F., Martin, N.A., Fletcher, M.J., Stufkens, M.A.W., Dale, P.J., Burckhardt, D., Buckley, T.R. & Trewick, S.A. 2010. Phylum Arthropoda subphylum Hexapoda: Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. Pp. 233-467 in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) 2010. New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Reference page. PDF. Reference page ...

Macfarlane, R.P., Maddison, P.A., Andrew, I.G., Berry, J.A., Johns, P.M., Hoare, R.J.B., Larivière, M.-C., Greenslade, P., Henderson, R.C., Smithers, C.N., Palma, R.L., Ward, J.B., Pilgrim, R.L.C., Towns, D.R., McLellan, I., Teulon, D.A.J., Hitchings, T.R., Eastop, V.F., Martin, N.A., Fletcher, M.J., Stufkens, M.A.W., Dale, P.J., Burckhardt, D., Buckley, T.R. & Trewick, S.A. 2010. Phylum Arthropoda subphylum Hexapoda: Protura, springtails, Diplura, and insects. Pp. 233-467 in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) 2010. New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume 2. Kingdom Animalia. Chaetognatha, Ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch, New Zealand. Reference page. PDF ...

Interprets this as Lithobates AND pipiens so will return all records that have the character string Lithobates pipiens anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex ...

Interprets this as Lithobates AND pipiens so will return all records that have the character string Lithobates pipiens anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex ...

In Australia, flavivirus infections of particular public health importance are DENV, KUNV, MVEV and JEV. Yellow fever is reported under Quarantinable diseases. These infections are nationally notifiable. No specific treatment is available for these diseases and care is largely supportive. A vaccine is available to prevent JEV infection50 but there are no vaccines currently for DENV, MVEV or KUNV infection. Infection with MVEV, KUNV or JEV is usually asymptomatic or produces a non-specific illness, but a small percentage of cases progress to encephalomyelitis of variable severity. Culex annulirostris is the major vector of MVEV, JEV and KUNV. DENV has 4 serotypes, each containing numerous genotypes. The serotypes isolated from returning travellers (and thus involved in local outbreaks) vary by year and geographical region. Infection with 1 serotype probably confers lifelong immunity to that serotype,21 but subsequent infection with a different serotype is 1 factor thought to increase the risk of ...

Home » Literature » Three new species of Culex subgenus Culiciomyia Theobald from Southeast Asia and a redescription of the type of C. tricuspis Edwards from Alor, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia (Diptera: Culicidae ...

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NAD-binding protein involved in the addition of a carboxymethylaminomethyl (cmnm) group at the wobble position (U34) of certain tRNAs, forming tRNA-cmnm(5)s(2)U34.

Culex answers are found in the Tabers Medical Dictionary powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.

Reisen said he was surprised and humbled to receive the award. John Belkin was a world-class mosquito taxonomist who set the bar for standards for mosquito descriptions.. Reisen, who received the honor at the AMCAs recent conference in Detroit, is the second UC Davis-affiliated entomologist to receive the award. Tom Zavortink, research associate with the Bohart Museum of Entomology at UC Davis and a retired professor of biology at the University of San Francisco, won the award in 1984.. Past recipients hail from England, Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Japan and Panama, as well as the United States (California, Florida, Utah, Illinois, Maryland, Pennsylvania and Washington D.C.) Reisen works in CVECs Arbovirus Research Program and serves as an adjunct professor with the Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine. He currently focuses his research on Culex mosquitoes and their ability to transmit arboviruses, including West Nile virus. ...

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infectious disease that is caused by a virus transmitted by mosquitoes. Domestic and feral pigs, some species of birds, and humans are all involved in the transmission cycle of this very serious zoonosis. JE is endemic in some areas of Asia, where the major vector identified is Culex tritaeniorhynchus. Even though this specific mosquito is not present in US, all vectors competent for West Nile virus are potentially competent for JEV too, posing a serious threat for the US. Modeling JE presents major challenges, as all vector-borne zoonoses. Due to the complexities of multiple populations involved, the direct use of a network approach, similar to the one used by our group to model RVF [1], will lead to a large set of equations with many parameters to be estimated. To overcome this problem, the PI proposes to explore novel modeling approaches based on interconnected networks [2]. Interconnected networks are an abstract representation where two or more simple ...

The official explained that this year there has been no death due to dengue.. It works to close 2019 without deaths for this disease that can be prevented.. In recent days mosquitoes have proliferated in several parts of the city after the rains, but many are of the culex species, which are only a nuisance, the one that is at risk is Aedes aegypti.. To attack the vector of dengue, zika, and chikungunya, Vector and Zoonosis personnel travel through the homes of the riskiest areas and there are intensified actions for the elimination of hatcheries and the application of abbe. Where cases or suspects are recorded, it is fumigated to attack the adult mosquito. Source: el debate. The Mazatlan Post. ...