Looking for online definition of craniotomy in the Medical Dictionary? craniotomy explanation free. What is craniotomy? Meaning of craniotomy medical term. What does craniotomy mean?

The C&P sterile craniotomy surgical drape pack protects the surgical area and prevents cross-infection of the incision. We produce a series of craniotomy disposable drape and craniotomy surgical pack. Factory price!

RESULTS: Forty-three patients (64 procedures) were included in the study. Forty-two patients (97.7%) underwent previous craniotomy for indications including intracranial neoplasia (n=32), intracranial hemorrhage (n=5), seizure disorder (n=4), and hydrocephalus (n=1). Average follow-up was 295d (range, 1-1715d; median, 124d). Nine patients (20.9%) required reoperation after their index plastic surgery intervention. Twenty-two patients (51.2%) received 24 prophylactic plastic surgery closures (i.e., in the absence of infection) for indications including previous craniotomy (n=22), XRT (n=19), and prior bevacizumab therapy (n=11). Three patients (13.6%) who underwent prophylactic closure (for indications including previous craniotomy +/- XRT) required further surgical intervention (12.5% of prophylactic procedures). Of note, none of the 11 patients who underwent prophylactic closure for previous craniotomy+neoadjuvant bevacizumab+XRT required repeat intervention. Fourteen patients (32.6%) in this ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The emerging contribution of speech and language therapists in awake craniotomy: a national survey of their roles, practices and perceptions. AU - Oneill, Michelle. AU - Henderson, Mo. AU - Duffy, Orla M.. AU - Kernohan, W. George. PY - 2019/11/28. Y1 - 2019/11/28. N2 - Background:Awake craniotomy with electrical stimulation has become the gold standard for tumour resection ineloquent areas of the brain. Patients speech during the procedure can inform the intervention and evidence forlanguage experts to support the procedure is building. Within the UK a burgeoning speech and language therapistawake craniotomy network has emerged to support this practice. Further evidence is needed to underpin thespecific contribution of speech and language therapists working within the awake craniotomy service.Aims:To investigate and analyse the current practices of speech and language therapists: their role, pre-, intra- andpostoperative assessment, and management practice patterns and skill ...

This exhibit depicts a craniotomy procedure to evacuate a subdural hematoma and repair a carotid aneurysm. First, a skin flap is created exposing the skull. Drill holes are then burred to fashion a craniotomy flap. The bone flap is removed, a ventricular shunt is placed, and the dura is opened to evacuate the subdural hematoma. Once the hematoma is cleared, the carotid artery is dissected and two micro-clips are placed on the aneurysm. The dural flap is then closed and craniotomy flap replaced with plates and screws.

his exhibit depicts a right frontotemporoparietal craniotomy with evacuation of a subdural hematoma. The procedure begins with the creation of a skin flap over the right frontotemporoparietal skull. Next, a craniotomy flap is drilled and removed, exposing the underlying dura. An incision is made in the dura and the subdural hematoma is evacuated with suction. The dura is then closed with sutures and a Jackson-Pratt drain is inserted through a separate stab incision. Lastly, the craniotomy flap is returned to its original position and secured to the skull with plates.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Decompressive craniectomy for space-occupying supratentorial infarction. T2 - rationale, indications, and outcome.. AU - Lanzino, D. J.. AU - Lanzino, G.. PY - 2000. Y1 - 2000. N2 - A subset of patients with ischemic cerebrovascular stroke suffer a progressive deterioration secondary to massive cerebral ischemia, edema, and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). The evolution is often fatal. In these patients, a decompressive craniectomy converts the closed, rigid cranial vault into an open box. The result is a dramatic decrease in ICP and a reversal of the clinical and radiological signs of herniation. For these reasons, decompressive craniectomy has been increasingly proposed as a life-saving measure in patients with large, space-occupying hemispheric infarction. The authors review the rationale, indications, and clinical experience with this procedure, which has been performed in patients who have had supratentorial ischemic stroke.. AB - A subset of patients with ischemic ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Decompressive craniectomy for intractable cerebral edema. T2 - Experience of a single center. AU - Ziai, Wendy C.. AU - Port, John D.. AU - Cowan, Jhon A.. AU - Garonzik, Ira M.. AU - Bhardwaj, Anish. AU - Rigamonti, Daniele. PY - 2003/1. Y1 - 2003/1. N2 - Several case reports and small clinical series have reported benefits of decompressive hemicraniectomy in patients with intractable cerebral edema and early clinical herniation. Specific indications and timing for this intervention remain unclear. We present our experience with this procedure in a subset of 18 patients with massive cerebral edema refractory to medical management, treated with decompressive craniectomy over a 3-year period (1997 to 2000). Computerized tomography (CT) scans were independently analyzed by a neuroradiologist blinded to clinical outcome. Eleven male and seven female patients, ages 20 to 69 years (mean ± SEM, 46 ± 14 years), underwent hemicraniectomy for the following diagnoses: 12 hemispheric ...

Mannitol 20% has long been used to treat elevated intracranial hypertension in trauma and intensive care settings. More recent data indicate that hypertonic saline may be as effective or more effective than mannitol for this purpose, with possible fewer side effects.. This study compares both agents in favoring cerebral relaxation during elective supratentorial procedures for tumor resection.. Study hypothesis: 3% hypertonic saline will provide better cerebral relaxation with fewer side effects than 20% mannitol. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Technical note. T2 - Orbitozygomatic craniotomy using an ultrasonic osteotome for precise osteotomies. AU - Ruzevick, Jacob. AU - Raza, Shaan M.. AU - Recinos, Pablo F.. AU - Chaichana, Kaisorn. AU - Pradilla, Gustavo. AU - Kim, Jennifer E.. AU - Olivi, Alessandro. AU - Weingart, Jon. AU - Evans, James. AU - Quinones-Hinojosa, Alfredo. AU - Lim, Michael. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2015/7/1. Y1 - 2015/7/1. N2 - Background The orbitozygomatic craniotomy is a fundamental procedure in neurosurgery, allowing access to orbital and skull base pathology. Objective Determine the feasibility of using an ultrasonic osteotome to safely perform orbitozygomatic osteotomies in patients with intracranial pathology. Methods The medical records of patients undergoing orbitozygomatic craniotomy using an ultrasonic osteotome (Aesculap BoneScalpel™) for tumor resection at Johns Hopkins ...

BACKGROUND Delayed cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy was performed using various reconstruction materials and methods. Bone graft infection is a major concern with cranioplasty. This study identified factors that are related to bone graft infection after cranioplasty. METHODS A total of 140 patients underwent reconstructive cranioplasty after decompressive craniectomy between 2000 and 2009. The sample population included 102 male patients and 39 female patients aged 6 years to 76 years, with a mean age of 47.5 years. Autografts were used for cranioplasty when available. Polymethylmethacrylate or customized linear high-density polyethylene was considered when autografts were unavailable. Bone graft infection was defined as the removal of the infected bone graft, and the related factors were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS Bone graft infection occurred in 11 patients (7.86%). Bone graft infection after cranioplasty was significantly related to the number of operations (p = 0.002),

Objectives: The present study describes our results during the last 10 years (2006-2016) regarding the preservation of the frontotemporal branch (FTB) of the facial nerve during pterional craniotomy in 450 patients using interfascial, subfascial and submuscular dissections.. Methods: We carried out a descriptive and retrospective study of historical cohort. We reviewed all the cases operated on by pterional craniotomy and performed by the same experienced surgeon of our Department of Neurosurgery during the period 2006-2016. For each reported case, we analyzed the type of temporal dissection performed and the existence or not of facial paresis in the post-surgical period as well as its evolution during the follow up at our outpatient clinic.. Results: We recorded 450 clinical cases that respected the study inclusion criteria. Our outcomes demonstrate that submuscular dissection technique presents an ARR in comparison to interfascial dissection technique of 28.88%, 5.55% and 4.44% (for the ...

Cranial defects usually occur after trauma, neurosurgical procedures like decompressive craniotomy, tumour resections, infection and congenital defects. The purpose of cranial vault repair is to protect the underlying brain tissue, to reduce any localized pain and patient anxiety, and improve cranial aesthetics. Cranioplasty is a frequent neurosurgical procedure achieved with the aid of cranial prosthesis made from materials such as: titanium, autologous bone, ceramics and polymers. Prosthesis production is often costly and requires complex intraoperative processes. Implant customized manufacturing for craniopathies allows for a precise and anatomical reconstruction in a shorter operating time compared to other conventional techniques. We present a simple, low-cost method for prosthesis manufacturing that ensures surgical success. Two patients with cranial defects are presented to describe the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique for cranial reconstruction. A digital prosthesis model is designed

Cranial defects usually occur after trauma, neurosurgical procedures like decompressive craniotomy, tumour resections, infection and congenital defects. The purpose of cranial vault repair is to protect the underlying brain tissue, to reduce any localized pain and patient anxiety, and improve cranial aesthetics. Cranioplasty is a frequent neurosurgical procedure achieved with the aid of cranial prosthesis made from materials such as: titanium, autologous bone, ceramics and polymers. Prosthesis production is often costly and requires complex intraoperative processes. Implant customized manufacturing for craniopathies allows for a precise and anatomical reconstruction in a shorter operating time compared to other conventional techniques. We present a simple, low-cost method for prosthesis manufacturing that ensures surgical success. Two patients with cranial defects are presented to describe the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique for cranial reconstruction. A digital prosthesis model is designed

A left frontal craniotomy with evacuation of acute subdural hematoma. The neurosurgical procedure steps depicted A) Frontal incision and burr holes are made into the skull. B) Craniotome is used to remove the bone flap to expose the dura. C) The dura is exposed. E) The blood clot is evacuated. F) The bone flap is then replaced back on to the skull defect ...

The prognosis of complete MCAO is very poor.1 2 3 4 5 6 In the clinical management of patients with MCAO, early thrombolysis proved to be beneficial.13 14 However, thrombolysis increases the risk for intracranial hemorrhage.17 18 Decompressive craniectomy has shown to be a lifesaving procedure for malignant MCA infarction.4 7 8 9 10 This experimental study directly compared the benefits of early reperfusion with those of decompressive craniectomy and evaluated the effects of combined treatment on infarction size and cerebral perfusion. To maximize reperfusion effects, we chose 60 minutes of permanent MCAO. We used DWI and PWI to follow the progression of the ischemic lesion and the perfusion deficit in an animal model of hemispheric stroke.. Reperfusion at 1 hour after MCAO significantly reduced the size of the ischemic lesion compared with animals without treatment. After the suture was withdrawn, the area with a bolus delay ,2 seconds decreased from 50% to 65% to approximately 10% to 20% of ...

Ischemic damage produced in the posterior cerebral territory causes significant morbidity and urgently must be considered if the patient need a surgical attitude. Surgical decompression by suboccipital craniectomy seams to be effective to treat secondary edema due to cerebellar damage or in posterior fossa, when medical treatment is not able to control side effects. We report a clinical case of a patient with a subacute ischemic infarction in the vertebro-basilar territory, with perilesional edema, and a posterior fossa decompressive craniectomy (DC) was carried out.

Inside an operating room at Lexington Medical Center, Karen Adkins had surgery to remove a tumor from her brain - while she was wide awake.. As Johnathan A. Engh, MD, FAANS, of the Lexington Medical Center Brain Tumor Program worked to remove the astrocytoma invading the supportive tissue of her frontal lobe, Karen kept up a lively conversation with one of the nurses in the surgical suite.. She asked me about my brothers and sister, where I grew up and what street I lived on, Karen said. She asked me to blink, move my face and stick out my tongue. We also talked about how we were both redheads.. The procedure Karen was having is called an awake craniotomy, a type of surgery where a piece of the skull is temporarily removed to access the brain and then the patient is woken up during surgery.. When a tumor is near a part of the brain that controls critical functions such as speech, language or movement, an awake craniotomy is beneficial.. While being kept comfortable, the patient can talk, ...

Pediatric patients when undergoing craniotomies and craniofacial surgery may potentially have significant blood loss. The amount and extent will be dictated by the nature of the surgical procedure, the proximity to major blood vessels, and the age, and weight of the patient. The goals should be to maintain hemodynamic stability and oxygen carrying capacity and to prevent and treat hyperfibrinolysis and dilutional coagulopathy. Over transfusion and transfusion-related side effects should be minimized. This article will highlight the pertinent considerations for managing massive blood loss in pediatric patients undergoing craniotomies and craniofacial surgery. North American and European guidelines for intraoperative administration of fluid and blood products will be discussed. ...

Biodegradable beta-tricalcium phosphate disks (TCP) of 2 configurations were inserted into 15mm diameter craniotomy wounds and non-treated control sites were evaluated in 60 rabbits. There were no adverse tissue reactions and no apparent difference in the clinical appearance of the 12 and 24 week implanted disks. By 36 weeks and continuing to 48 weeks, the omnidirectional TCP (OTCP) implants were degrading more rapidly than the unidirectional TCP (UTCP) implants, with degradation progressing centripetally and replacement by woven bone and maturing lamellar bone. Host implant interface of both TCP configurations was a bone bond without interposed soft tissue. TCP disks may be clinically useful for craniotomy repair. Key words: Bone regeneration, tricalcium phosphate disks, calvaria; osteogenesis.*CALCIUM COMPOUNDS

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cerebellar craniotomy for in vivo calcium imaging of astrocytes. AU - Kuhn, Bernd. AU - Hoogland, Tycho M.. AU - Wang, Samuel S.H.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2011/10. Y1 - 2011/10. N2 - The cerebellar cortex contains two astrocyte types: the Bergmann glia of the molecular layer and the velate protoplasmic astrocytes of the granule cell layer. In vivo, these cell types generate both subcellular calcium transients and trans-glial calcium waves. It is possible to perform in vivo calcium imaging in cerebellar astrocytes. One method involves injection of a replication-incompetent recombinant adenovirus for gene transfer of a fluorescent calcium indicator protein. A second method uses multicell bolus loading (MCBL) in the molecular layer of the cerebellum with synthetic calcium indicators. This protocol presents a cerebellar craniotomy procedure which can be used to prepare a virus-injected animal for in vivo imaging. It can also be used ...

Sinking skin flap syndrome (SSFS) is a complication among long-term survivors of stroke or traumatic brain injury treated by decompressive craniectomy. The syndrome encompasses a wide spectrum of neurological symptoms including cognitive decline, seizures, speech and sensorimotor deficits. Early cranioplasty appears to improve cerebral perfusion, but the efficacy of cranioplasty in neurocognitive outcome in long-standing SSFS patient is unclear. We report a 64-year-old patient who suffered from traumatic brain injury and underwent decompressive craniectomy 18 years ago. She had chronic SSFS with pre-cranioplasty assessments demonstrating severe neurocognitive impairments which were static over time. After cranioplasty with custom-made polyetheretherketone flap to restore the 264 cm 2 skull defect, magnetic resonance perfusion scan with pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling technique showed a two-fold augmentation of cerebral blood flow in both frontal lobes, as well as areas distal to the ...

FERGUSON: Further comments: Patient Age: Even though among younger patients malignant MCA infarction is more common, overall, ischemic cerebral stroke is a condition of older individuals. More specifically, more than 60% of patients are older than 50 years, and 40% are older than 60 years old (Hacke W et al. Arch Neurol 1996). Despite this, the DECIMAL and DESTINY trials only investigate the benefits of hemicraniectomy in patients younger than age 60. They had a reasonable basis for concentrating on surgical benefit for younger patients. A 2004 meta-analysis by Gupta et al., investigated the predictors of outcome following hemicraniectomy after malignant MCA infarction in138 patients. The authors found that younger age was the only pre-operative clinical determinant of survival with good functional outcome (Gupta et al., Stroke 2004). There are several other studies that come to a similar conclusion (Chen et al., J of Clin Neuroscience 2007; Curry et al., Neurosurgery 2005; Walz et al., J Neurol ...

p=0.02). Bottom line Early cranioplasty didnt raise the an infection price within PIK-293 this scholarly research. The usage of nonmetal allograft components influenced a far more essential role in an infection in cranioplasty. In fact, timing itself had not been a substantial risk element in multivariate evaluation. Therefore the early cranioplasty may provide better outcomes in cognitive wound or functions without increasing chlamydia rate. Keywords: Cranioplasty, An infection, Decompressive craniectomy, Hydroxyapatities Launch Decompressive craniectomy is normally a strategy to alleviate intracranial pressure (ICP) in a variety of emergency circumstances like traumatic human brain injury, ischemic and hemorrhagic human brain and strokes edema in human brain tumor2,3). A big defect of cranial bone tissue after decompressive craniectomy inhibits early treatment process. It really is associated with extended amount of immobility, pulmonary an infection and thromboembolic occasions. A ...

The Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code range for Craniectomy or Craniotomy Procedures 61304-61576 is a medical code set maintained by the Ameri

A subdural hematoma is bleeding and collection of blood under the dura (outermost protective covering of the brain) as a result of severe injury to the head. The hematoma compresses the surrounding brain tissue causing many neurological symptoms and can even be life-threatening. The condition may sometimes resolve on its own but in severe cases a surgery called burr hole drainage is performed to remove the blood or clot and relieve the pressure on the brain, preventing brain damage.. Burr hole drainage can be performed under local anaesthesia. It involves shaving a portion of your scalp and making a tiny incision over the site of the hematoma and drilling one or more holes in your skull to expose the dura. This is then opened with a scalpel to drain out the accumulated blood. The area may be irrigated with fluids to help remove the blood. The incision is then closed and you are carefully monitored. Your surgeon may sometimes need to place a drain through the drilled hole following surgery to ...

BACKGROUND: We have reported that a scheduled nonnarcotic analgesic regimen after dorsal lumbar rhizotomy and Chiari I malformation decompression is efficacious in managing postoperative pain in children. To date, this regimen has not been analyzed in children after brain tumor biopsy or resection. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the safety and utility of such an analgesic protocol in these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A database review was conducted to identify children who received a scheduled dose of alternating acetaminophen and ibuprofen after craniotomy for tumor biopsy or resection, and postoperative imaging was evaluated. RESULTS: Fifty-one children who met the inclusion criteria were identified. On postoperative imaging, 17.67% had routine, postoperative blood in the resection cavity according to both radiology and neurosurgical review. One patient had moderate postoperative bleeding in the tumor cavity. Overall, 44 of the 51 patients (86.3%) required no or minimal narcotic medication for ...

Awake craniotomy for removal of brain tumour is performed because the tumour may be located close to areas of the brain that control specific functions such as movement or speech. Local anaesthesia (freezing) and sedation are required to make the patient comfortable and free of pain, but also to be able to cooperate for testing of brain function (speaking, moving) in order to preserve these areas while removing the brain tumour. The patient will be administered routine anesthetic drugs (sedatives (propofol) and pain killers (remifentanil)). The amount of sedation and analgesia (pain killer) is individually tailored to each patient as each person has different requirements. The usual way to give these medications is by the anesthesiologist assessing pain level, watching the patient and monitoring blood pressure and heart rate. Another way to give this medication is now available. This is with a special device, known as a patient-controlled analgesia pump (PCA). This device allows the patient to ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Preanesthesia scalp blocks reduce intraoperative pain and hypertension in the asleep-awake-asleep method of awake craniotomy. T2 - A retrospective study. AU - Sato, Takehito. AU - Okumura, Tomoko. AU - Nishiwaki, Kimitoshi. PY - 2020/11. Y1 - 2020/11. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086591176&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85086591176&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.109946. DO - 10.1016/j.jclinane.2020.109946. M3 - Letter. C2 - 32570073. AN - SCOPUS:85086591176. VL - 66. JO - Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. JF - Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. SN - 0952-8180. M1 - 109946. ER - ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The successful use of regional anesthesia to prevent involuntary movements in a patient undergoing awake craniotomy. AU - Gebhard, Ralf E.. AU - Berry, James. AU - Maggio, William W.. AU - Gollas, Adrian. AU - Chelly, Jacques E.. PY - 2000/1/1. Y1 - 2000/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033766898&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0033766898&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1213/00000539-200011000-00034. DO - 10.1213/00000539-200011000-00034. M3 - Article. C2 - 11049914. AN - SCOPUS:0033766898. VL - 91. SP - 1230. EP - 1231. JO - Anesthesia and Analgesia. JF - Anesthesia and Analgesia. SN - 0003-2999. IS - 5. ER - ...

Craniotomy (brain surgery) - A critical procedure to remove a tumour, clot or relieve pressure.. Choose Spire St Anthonys Hospital.

ANALYSIS FACTORS THAT AFFECTING DELIRIUM AT POST-OPERATIVE CRANIOTOMY PATIENT IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) OF BANJARMASIN ULIN GENERAL HOSPITAL

The present invention is a fenestrated craniotomy drape including a main sheet, translucent anesthesia side screens, a gusset forming the corners of the anterior edges of the drape, a run-off collection pouch whose back side is pressed flat and affixed to the drape, with a back side fenestration surrounding the fenestration of the main sheet, and a front side fenestration, and adjustable tube holders. The drape optionally includes a layer of a fenestrated absorbent material between the drape and the pouch, a solids screen and drain port in the pouch, and a ductile material about the edges of the front side fenestration of the pouch that holds the pouch open. The back-side fenestration of the pouch and those of the drape and the absorbent material are covered by an incise sheet, located between the back side of the pouch and the drape. The adhesive side of the incise sheet facing the patient is covered by a releasable backing.

Demneri, M.; Hoxha, A.; Pilika, K.; Saraci, M.; Qirinxhi, M., 2012: Craniotomy type and postoperative nausea and vomiting: a matched case-control study

Ophthalmic segment aneurysms (OSAs) are technically challenging lesions with a wide-neck morphology and proximity to the optic nerve. Revascularization and aneurysm trapping are occasionally needed to manage unclippable OSAs. Microsurgical treatment requires anterior clinoidectomy, optic strut drilling, and proximal/distal dural ring dissection for adequate exposure. This video demonstrates a two-stage revascularization and clip reconstruction of an OSA. A 62-yr-old woman was presented, with acute-onset expressive aphasia, right hemineglect, and hemiparesis. Neuroimaging revealed a partially thrombosed giant OSA measuring 2.5 × 2.3 cm2. Patient consent was obtained for bypassing, trapping, and decompressing the aneurysm. A pterional craniotomy was performed and an external carotid artery - radial artery graft - middle cerebral artery bypass was performed. The aneurysm was proximally occluded with a permanent clip on the clinoidal internal carotid artery (ICA). Adherence of the distal supraclinoid ICA

PARVATHY HOSPITAL SUCCESSFULLY CONDUCTS A LANDMARK CRANIOPLASTY SURGERY ~ First time in Tamil Nadu, a patient specific skull implant performed using Titanium plate customized with 3D Image Data ~. Chennai, August 25, 2016 - Parvathy Hospital, leading Ortho & Neuro hospital in the City, successfully conducted a unique Cranioplasty Surgery using a newly designed Titanium plate customized to fit the damaged portion of the skull of a 26 year old patient who sustained severe head injury. The Cranioplasty Surgery using the innovative implant was performed by globally acclaimed Dr. K. Eliyasbasha, Senior Consultant, Neurosurgeon known for his stem cell surgery for cervical cord injured patients.. The patient based in Chennai, who had recently returned from Kenya suffered severe head injury due to a bike accident, was admitted in the hospital with broken skull and brain matter oozing out of the injury. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of the patient was 4, due to the highest level of severity of the brain ...

Video articles in JoVE about surgery oral include Non-restraining EEG Radiotelemetry: Epidural and Deep Intracerebral Stereotaxic EEG Electrode Placement, Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats, Isolation and Characterization of Satellite Cells from Rat Head Branchiomeric Muscles, Ovariectomy and 17β-estradiol Replacement in Rats and Mice: A Visual Demonstration, Using Enzyme-based Biosensors to Measure Tonic and Phasic Glutamate in Alzheimers Mouse Models, Murine Dermal Fibroblast Isolation by FACS, Neuropharmacological Manipulation of Restrained and Free-flying Honey Bees, Apis mellifera, Systemic and Local Drug Delivery for Treating Diseases of the Central Nervous System in Rodent Models, An Ultrasonic Tool for Nerve Conduction Block in Diabetic Rat Models,

Because of a suspicion that intraoperative penicillin antibiotics might be causing early postoperative seizures in craniotomy patients, a deliberate effort was initiated in 1987 to avoid these agents in favor of nonpenicillin antibiotics. This permitted a retrospective comparison of the incidence of early postoperative seizures in craniotomy patients who did and who did not receive intraoperative penicillins. Records of patients treated between July 1, 1984, and July 1, 1985, and between July 1, 1987, and July 1, 1988, were reviewed, for a total of 1316 procedures. There were no seizures in the 323 patients who underwent suboccipital craniectomy. However, among the 993 patients receiving supratentorial procedures there were 30 with seizures within the first 6 hours postoperatively, 19 of which were generalized seizures. The incidence of early seizures was 4.7% (20 cases) of the 427 patients given penicillins and only 1.8% (10 cases) of the 566 not given penicillins (p , 0.01). Since patients ...

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Cranioplasty is routinely performed following decompressive craniectomy in both adult and pediatric populations. In adults, this procedure is associated with higher rates of complications than is elective cranial surgery. This study is a review of the literature describing risk factors for complications after cranioplasty surgery in pediatric patients. A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, and SCOPUS databases was undertaken. Articles were selected based on their titles and abstracts. Only studies that focused on a pediatric population were included; case reports were excluded. Studies in which the authors assessed bone flap storage method, timing of cranioplasty, material used (synthetic vs autogenous), skull defect size, and/or complication rates (bone resorption and surgical site infection) were selected for further analysis. Eleven studies that included a total of 441 cranioplasties performed in the pediatric population are included in this review.. The findings are as follows: 1) Based ...

A nine-year-old greater bamboo lemur (Prolemur simus) was presented for the resection of a 3×2 cm occipital brain tumour. Intracranial surgery has not been previously reported in lemurs. Pain management, maintenance of an adequate perfusion pressure in the CNS, maintenance of autoregulation, provision of neuroprotection and prevention of the complications induced by the surgical technique (positioning, haemorrhage, seizures, etc) are the challenges associated to this surgery in domestic animals. The management of anaesthesia for such a condition in a wild animal is even more challenging. This report illustrates how difficult the management of anaesthesia is in a wild animal undergoing a procedure that requires intensive care and restraint, while published information on anaesthesia and critical care in this species is limited. ...

West Alabama Neurosurgery & Spines goal is to provide quality, patient-focused neurosurgical services while remaining a medical practice of integrity and high ethical standards.

Results reported by University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Neurosurgeon Andrew Sloan, MD & colleagues Andrew SloanA new paper in the October i...

Introduction to heart transplant The idea of replacing a bad organ with a good one has been documented in ancient mythology. The first real organ transplants were probably skin grafts that may have been done in India as early as the second century B.C. The first heart transplant in any … ...

Once we arrived at the surgery pavilion at the UW, I checked in and we sat for a few moments before I was whisked away to surgery prep. When I changed into the hospital gown, and the assistant shaved the areas of my skull I got even more excited for the next leg of my journey. Next, they placed electrodes (dont know if electrode is the proper term, but Im just going to use it anyway because I think you get my point) around my head and drew circles via marker around each one of them to mark the proper locations for the mapping (thanks for that! It took weeks to remove the permanent marker!). The computer calculates the location of the incision, but the electrodes are placed by hand. Below is a photo of me with the computer electrode thingies all over my head. My pre-op nurse Daisy, was pretty angry at the assistant for doing such a crappy job of shaving my head (you can see in the 2nd photo the shaved hair on my pillow). She basically kicked him out of our room because she knew (I was ...

Up to 24 years of age I considered myself perfectly healthy, and suddenly I have one after another began to appear strange symptoms. First, some weakness, drowsiness, headache, then the cycle was out of nipple selection began. Handed over a blood on hormones - showed a high level of prolactin and low thyroid. The endocrinologist sent me for a MRI of Turkish saddle and they found a pituitary tumor. I did some research, said that the tumor needed to remove, operation is difficult, as it requires special access, there is a risk of brain damage. In General, scared to horror. Miraculously found out about the clinic Severance, which makes complex operations under the control of MRI and the use of some special techniques for high precision intervention. There was treated a friend of my friends and recommend it. To agree to examination and treatment happened very quickly, within a week I flew to Seoul. Had surgery is fairly easy (at least thought it would be worse), quickly recovered and now feel ...

My name is Oladimeji Oladabode. I am from Nigeria. I came over to India to have surgery for multiple meningioma. And... the whole process

It was inconceivable during those first weeks, when I was critically ill, that good would come from having a stroke. However, I found out later having a stroke provided new experiences and opportunities. One day, this became very clear to me. Recently, I watched an amazing young woman, my daughter Andrea, speak to a group of nurses about how my stroke affected her life. I was filled with awe and pride at her poise and grace. Four years ago, my stroke rocked her world. I had a hemorrhagic right temporal (part of the brain next to the ear), parietal lobe stroke (largest part of the brain above the ear), followed by a craniotomy. After the stroke, the craniotomy and a broken leg, I doubted I would be able to see Andrea graduate from high school. I spent months receiving intensive rehabilitation. Initially, I could not walk or read. I needed to use a wheelchair at all times. Standing for any length of time seemed impossible. But with rehab, I learned to walk, read and navigate my world in new ways. I was

Conclusions: Future research on mechanisms, predictors, treatments, and pain management pathways will help define the combinations of interventions that optimize pain outcomes. PMID: 29285407 [PubMed]...

To investigate predictors of postoperative acute intracranial hemorrhage (AIH) and recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after burr hole drainage. A multicenter retrospective study of patients who underwent burr hole drainage for CSDH between January 2013 and March 2019. A total of 448 CSDH patients were enrolled in the study. CSDH recurrence occurred in 60 patients, with a recurrence rate of 13.4%. The mean time interval between initial burr hole drainage and recurrence was 40.8 ± 28.3 days. Postoperative AIH developed in 23 patients, with an incidence of 5.1%. The mean time interval between initial burr hole drainage and postoperative AIH was 4.7 ± 2.9 days. Bilateral hematoma, hyperdense hematoma and anticoagulant drug use were independent predictors of recurrence in the multiple logistic regression analyses. Preoperative headache was an independent risk factor of postoperative AIH in the multiple logistic regression analyses, however, intraoperative irrigation reduced the incidence of

1. Bang OY, Lee PH, Heo KG, Joo US, Yoon SR, Kim SY. Specific DWI lesion patterns predict prognosis after acute ischaemic stroke within the MCA territory. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2005. 76: 1222-8. 2. Berrouschot J, Sterker M, Bettin S, Köster J, Schneider D. Mortality of space-occupying (malignant) middle cerebral artery infarction under conservative intensive care. Intensive Care Med. 1998. 24: 620-3. 3. Carter BS, Ogilvy CS, Candia GJ, Rosas HD, Buonanno F. One-year outcome after decompressive surgery for massive nondominant hemispheric infarction. Neurosurgery. 1997. 40: 1168-75. 4. Cho DY, Chen TC, Lee HC. Ultra-early decompressive craniectomy for malignant middle cerebral artery infarction. Surg Neurol. 2003. 60: 227-32. 5. Clarke DJ, Forster A. Improving post-stroke recovery: The role of the multidisciplinary health care team. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2015. 8: 433-42. 6. Demchuk AM, Wein TH, Felberg RA, Christou I, Alexandrov AV. Evolution of rapid middle cerebral artery ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Immune cell infiltration in malignant middle cerebral artery infarction: comparison with transient cerebral ischemia. AU - Chu, Hannah X. AU - Huynh, Kim. AU - Lee, Seyoung Sandy. AU - Moore, Jeffrey P. AU - Chan, Christopher T L. AU - Vinh, Antony. AU - Gelderblom, Mathias. AU - Arumugam, Thiruma. AU - Broughton, Bradley R S. AU - Drummond, Grant R. AU - Sobey, Christopher G. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - We tested whether significant leukocyte infiltration occurs in a mouse model of permanent cerebral ischemia. C57BL6/J male mice underwent either permanent (3 or 24 hours) or transient (1 or 2 hours+22- to 23-hour reperfusion) middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Using flow cytometry, we observed approximately 15,000 leukocytes (CD45(+high) cells) in the ischemic hemisphere as early as 3 hours after permanent MCAO (pMCAO), comprising approximately 40 lymphoid cells and approximately 60 myeloid cells. Neutrophils were the predominant cell type entering the brain, and were ...

Objective: The randomized trials and pooled analysis showed improved outcome and reduced mortality in malignant middle cerebral artery [MMCA] undergoing decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) within 48 hours of stroke onset. This could be due to highly selective patient population in trials, not reflecting real world practice. Furthermore, with ischemic stroke being so common in the South Asian and Middle Eastern population, there still exists very little published data on DHC in MMCA stroke patients.. Methods: Retrospective, multicenter cross-sectional study to measure outcome following DHC using the modified Rankin Scale [mRS] and dichotomized as favorable ≤4 or unfavorable ,4, at three months.. Results: In total 137 patients underwent DHC. At 90 days, mortality was 16.8%, 61.3% of patients survived with an mRS ≤4 and 38.7% had an mRS of ,4. Age (55 years), diabetes [p=0.004], hypertension [p=0.021], pupillary abnormality [p=0.048], uncal herniation [p=0.007], temporal lobe involvement ...

Giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) is an uncommon lesion most often affecting the jaw but also the small bones of the hands and feet. GCRG overlaps clinically and radiographically with other giant cell-rich tumors such as giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) and aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). In the only case of a cytogenetically investigated GCRG reported previously, a balanced translocation involving chromosomes 4 and X was found. In the present study, chromosome banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses were used to characterize the primary lesion and local recurrence of a GCRG in the thumb and skin biopsy of a 45-year-old woman. The skin showed a normal karyotype. Various forms of a dic(8;22) containing 8q, 22q, and smaller or larger parts of 8p were found in both GCRG samples. In addition, ring chromosomes, most often composed of chromosome I I material, and telomeric associations were found. The latter aberrations were more frequent in the primary lesion. Normal FISH ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Decompressive craniectomy as the primary surgical intervention for hemorrhagic contusion. AU - Huang, Abel Po Hao. AU - Tu, Yong Kwang. AU - Tsai, Yi Hsin. AU - Chen, Yuan Shen. AU - Hong, Wei Chen. AU - Yang, Chi Cheng. AU - Kuo, Lu Ting. AU - Su, I. Chang. AU - Huang, She Hao. AU - Huang, Sheng Jean. PY - 2008/11/1. Y1 - 2008/11/1. N2 - The standard surgical treatment of hemorrhagic cerebral contusion is craniotomy with evacuation of the focal lesion. We assessed the safety and feasibility of performing decompressive craniectomy and duraplasty as the primary surgical intervention in this group of patients. Fifty-four consecutive patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of less than or equal to 8, a frontal or temporal hemorrhagic contusion greater than 20 cm3 in volume, and a midline shift of at least 5 mm or cisternal compression on computer tomography (CT) scan were studied. Sixteen (29.7%) underwent traditional craniotomy with hematoma evacuation, and 38 (70.4%) ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Cerebral blood flow and metabolism following decompressive craniectomy for control of increased intracranial pressure. AU - Soustiel, Jean F.. AU - Sviri, Gill. AU - Mahamid, Eugenia. AU - Shik, Veniamin. AU - Abeshaus, Sergey. AU - Zaaroor, Menashe. PY - 2010/7/1. Y1 - 2010/7/1. N2 - OBJECTIVE: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a common practice for control of intracranial pressure (ICP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), although the impact of this procedure on the fate of operated patients is still controversial. METHODS: Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and metabolic rates were monitored prospectively and daily as a surrogate of neuronal viability in 36 TBI patients treated by DC and compared with those of 86 nonoperated patients. DC was performed either on admission (n = 29) or within 48 hours of admission (n = 7). RESULTS: DC successfully controlled ICP levels and maintained CBF within a normal range although the cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) was significantly ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Does midline shift predict postoperative nausea in brain tumor patients undergoing awake craniotomy? A retrospective analysis. AU - Ouyang, M. W.. AU - McDonagh, David L.. AU - Phillips-Bute, Barbara. AU - James, Michael L.. AU - Friedman, Allan H.. AU - Gan, Tong J.. PY - 2013/9/1. Y1 - 2013/9/1. N2 - Background: The presence of midline shift on neuroradiologic studies in brain tumor patients represents mass effect from the tumor and surrounding edema. We hypothesized that baseline cerebral edema as measured by midline shift would increase postoperative nausea (PON). We studied the incidence of PON in brain tumor patients, with and without midline shift on preoperative magnetic resonance (MRI) or computed tomographic (CT) imaging, undergoing awake craniotomy. Methods: After IRB approval, we retrospectively extracted data from perioperative records between January 2005 and December 2010. Post-craniotomy nausea and pain scores were collected. Intraoperative anti-emetic, ...

Looking for online definition of cranioplasty in the Medical Dictionary? cranioplasty explanation free. What is cranioplasty? Meaning of cranioplasty medical term. What does cranioplasty mean?

For a burr hole craniotomy, RARC veterinarians recommend an injectable NSAID just before beginning surgery along with a splash block of 50:50 Bupivacaine/Lidocaine. They recommend an opioid post-surgery if an NSAID cannot be used due to study design. If ear bars are used, apply lidocaine 2.5%/prilocaine 2.5% cream (e.g. EMLA® Cream) to the ear canal. Splash block: Combine 0.5 mL of the 2.5mg/mL Bupivacaine with 0.5mL of the 5mg/mL Lidocaine In a sterile vial or syringe. Apply one drop (~30μL) from the syringe with a needle to the periosteum/wound edges. This will provide approximately 1.5mg/kg Bupivacaine and 3.0mg/kg Lidocaine. Blot away excess prior to drilling burr holes. Lidocaine 2.5%/Prilocaine 2.5% cream: (e.g. EMLA® Cream): Apply a small amount with swab to the outer ear canal prior to placing ear bars ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency and duration of cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) and CSD-like episodes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMCAI) requiring craniotomy. DESIGN: A descriptive observational study was carried out during 19 months. SETTING: Neurocritical patients. PATIENTS: Sixteen patients were included: 9 with MMCAI and 7 with moderate or severe TBI, requiring surgical treatment. INTERVENTIONS: A 6-electrode subdural electrocorticographic (ECoG) strip was placed onto the perilesional cortex. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: An analysis was made of the time profile and the number and duration of CSD and CSD-like episodes recorded from the ECoGs. RESULTS: Of the 16 patients enrolled, 9 presented episodes of CSD or CSD-like phenomena, of highly variable frequency and duration. CONCLUSIONS: Episodes of CSD and CSD-like phenomena are frequently detected in the ischemic penumbra and/or traumatic cortical regions of ...

Illustration for the article: Remote cerebellar haemorrhage. Funes T, González Abbati S, Clar F, Zaninovich R, Mormandi R, Stella O. Rev Argent Neuroc 2010.

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Craniotomy for Subdural Hematoma, minimally invasive neurosurgical animations from Methodist Health System - Dallas, Mansfield, Richardson North Texas neurosciences

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Background: Optimal management of increased intra-cranial pressure following severe traumatic brain injury comprises a combination of sequential medical and surgical interventions. Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a cautiously recommended surgical option that has been shown to reduce intracranial pressure. Considerable variability in the timing and frequency of using DC across neurosurgical centres reflects, in part, the lack of clarity regarding long-term outcomes. The majority of previous work reporting outcomes among individuals who have received DC following traumatic brain injury (TBI) has focused predominantly on gross physical outcomes, to the relative exclusion of more subtle functional, social and psychological factors. Aim: This paper reviews the methodological aspects of previous studies that have reported outcomes following DC and provides recommendations to guide the future assessment of recovery to enable meaningful conclusions to be drawn from the literature describing outcomes ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The radical transbasal approach for resection of anterior and midline skull base lesions. AU - Feiz-Erfan, Iman. AU - Han, Patrick P.. AU - Spetzler, Robert F.. AU - Horn, Eric M.. AU - Klopfenstein, Jeffrey D.. AU - Porter, Randall W.. AU - Ferreira, Mauro A.T.. AU - Beals, Stephen P.. AU - Lettieri, Salvatore C.. AU - Joganic, Edward F.. PY - 2005/9/1. Y1 - 2005/9/1. N2 - Object. Craniofacial surgery can be performed to treat midline and anterior skull base lesions by creating a bicoronal scalp incision without the need for an additional transfacial procedure. Originally described as the transbasal approach, several modifications for further exposure of the skull base have been described. The authors present data on the application and outcomes of a modified transbasal approach. The radical transbasal approach consists of a bifrontal craniotomy and a frontoorbitonasal osteotomy. Methods. Between 1992 and 2002, 41 patients (28 male and 13 female patients with a mean age of 38.3 ...

Suboccipital Craniectomy for Acoustic Neuroma, neurology and minimally invasive neurosurgical animations from Methodist Health System - Dallas, Mansfield, Richardson North Texas neurosciences

PDF Similar Articles Mail to Editor Decompressive Hemicraniectomy for Malignant Middle Cerebral Artery Infarct Bulent GULENSOY, Mete KARATAY, Yavuz ERDEM, Haydar CELIK, Tuncer TASCIOGLU, Idris SERTBAS, Tansu GURSOY, Halil KUL, Cevdet GOKCEK, Ugur YASITLI, Mehmet Akif BAYAR ...

In Reply: Selective Intensive Care Unit Admission After Adult Supratentorial Tumor Craniotomy: Complications, Length of Stay, and ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - A surgical technique to expand the operative corridor for supracerebellar infratentorial approaches. T2 - Technical note. AU - Rey-Dios, Roberto. AU - Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A.. PY - 2013/10/1. Y1 - 2013/10/1. N2 - Background: The supracerebellar infratentorial approach is a commonly used route in neurosurgery. It provides a narrow and deep corridor to the dorsal midbrain and pineal region. The authors describe a surgical technique to expand the operative corridor and the surgeons working angles during this approach. Methods: Thirteen cases of patients who underwent resection of their lesions using this extended approach were reviewed. During their suboccipital craniotomy, additional bone over the transverse sinus (paramedian approach) and the confluence of the sinuses (midline approach) were removed. Two sutures (tentorial stay sutures) were anchored to the tentorium anterior to the transverse sinus and tension was applied. A video narrated by the senior author describes the ...

Looking for cranioplasty? Find out information about cranioplasty. Surgical correction of defects in the cranial bones, usually by implants of metal, plastic material, or bone Explanation of cranioplasty

TY - JOUR. T1 - Herniation of an enlarged middle cerebral artery through a temporal bone defect in association with an arteriovenous malformation. AU - Raley, Darryl Alan. AU - Davidson, Andrew Stewart. AU - Morgan, Michael Kerin. PY - 2012/11. Y1 - 2012/11. N2 - We present a previously undescribed variant of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) protruding through a defect in the temporal bone, associated with a large arteriovenous malformation (AVM). The patient, a 59-year-old male, presented with a large right frontoparietal AVM with feeding aneurysms and a recent haemorrhage. Preoperative imaging demonstrated a tortuous right MCA feeder abutting the anterosuperior temporal bone in the region of the pterion. An associated temporal bone defect was visible. The patient underwent a pterional craniotomy for surgical clipping of aneurysms associated with the AVM. On reflection of the temporalis muscle, the MCA branch was transected as it coursed through a defect in the temporal bone. This patient ...

Dr Santosh Poonnoose in Bedford Park, Victor Harbor and Adelaide, SA offers craniotomy for evacuation of intracranial haematoma to remove a blood clot from around the surface of the brain.

After a fall from a 12 ft. ladder, a patient developed a right subdural hematoma. The patient was brought to the OR, given general anesthesia, and then after a timeout, his right hemicranium was shaved and prepped, and antibiotics were administered. Frontal and parietal burr holes were marked as well as marking for a craniotomy if necessary. Then both frontal and parietal incisions were made and the areas retracted. Pilot holes were initiated with bone wax applied. There was coagulation at the dura. Cruciate incision was made. A large amount of blood flowed through both burr holes. More blood was evacuated through an opening in the posterior membrane. Placement of a drain was not necessary as I could see the brain elevate to the surface of the skull. Likewise, there was no need for a craniotomy, since decompression was achieved. Closure was then begun with Gelfoam in the burr holes, cranial plates secured over the burr holes, and the wounds closed in layers. A sterile dressing was applied after ...

Craniotomy for Arteriovenous Malformation - Bend, Oregon - Brain Surgery, Spine Surgery - We specialize in a variety of treatment options for spinal conditions, and we want to make sure that you are taken care of.

Transtemporal craniotomy and extradural exposure of the right trigeminal nerve. For orientation, superior is toward the bottom border of the...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Functional brain mapping and electrophysiological monitoring during awake craniotomy for intraaxial brain lesions. AU - Muragaki, Yoshihiro. AU - Maruyama, Takashi. AU - Iseki, Hiroshi. AU - Takakura, Kintomo. AU - Hori, Tomokatsu. PY - 2008/1. Y1 - 2008/1. N2 - Surgery for intracranial brain lesions located in the dominant hemisphere is associated with a high risk of postoperative speech disturbances. Detection of the functionally important cortical areas can be considered as a critical factor for avoidance of postoperative morbidity and for providing the optimal rate of resection for pathologies with narrow (gliomas) or absent (epileptic focus) microscopic borders with the normal cerebral tissue. Testing of the language function can be done preoperatively with the Wada test, functional MRI, and brain mapping with electrical stimulation after implantation of stereotactic electrodes or grid, and intraoperatively with cortical mapping and electrophysiological monitoring. Awake ...

Awake craniotomy offers safe resection of brain tumours in eloquent area. Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, recently started the programme in Pakistan, and the current study was planned to assess our experience of the first 16 procedures. The retrospective study comprised all such procedures done from November 2015 to May 2016. Pre-operative and post-operative variables were analysed. Of the 16 patients, 11(68.75%) were males and 5(31.25%) were females. The overall median age was 37 years (interquartile range[IQR]: 23-62 years). The most common presenting complaint was seizures 8(50%), followed by headache6(38%). The common pathologies operated include oligodendroglioma and glioblastoma. Pre-operative mean Karnofsky Performance Status score was 76±10, which increased to 96±7 post-operatively at discharge. Besides, 2(12.5%) intra-operative complications were observed, i.e. seizure and brain oedema, in the series. The study had median operative time of 176 minutes (IQR: 115-352) and median length

TY - JOUR. T1 - Diagnosis of skull base lesions. T2 - The role of CT guided biopsy. AU - Manzione, James V.. AU - Shindo, Maisie L.. PY - 1998/12/1. Y1 - 1998/12/1. N2 - Accurate histologie diagnosis is important for treatment planning of skull base lesions. However, obtaining tissue diagnosis of lesions in or around the skull base can be difficult. Extensive surgery is often required for tissue biopsy with the potential for debilitating complications. This paper describes the usefulness of CT guided biopsy of lesions located at various sites in the skull base for establishing histologie diagnosis. CT guided biopsies of lesions in and around the skull base (pterygopalatine region, greater wing of the sphenoid, parapharyngeal space, infratemporal fossa) were performed in 5 patients who otherwise would have required complicated open surgical approaches. Biopsies were obtained using 18 to 22 gauge needles via one of two approaches - through the coronoid notch or transorally. Accurate diagnosis ...

Transtemporal craniotomy and exposure of the right trigeminal nerve. For orientation, anterior is toward the left border of the image; inferior...

Experts available for craniotomy consulting, expert witness, or analyst services for business, legal, and technical professionals.

Minimal invasive Neurosurgery (MIN) is an integral patient tailored treatment strategy. It does not simply mean to use smaller craniotomies or skin incisions. It includes beside the utilization of keyhole craniotomies also a meticulous and individual planning of the particular surgery as well as application of the latest technology.. MIN approaches are not called keyhole approaches because of the shape or absolute size of the craniotomy. They rather are call that way because of the fact, that one may well oversee all objects distant to a keyhole, even if they are much bigger than the hole itself. In contrast, even small objects very close or direct in front of a keyhole cannot be sufficiently visualized. This implies, that large but deep seated lesions such as skull base tumors or intraventricular pathologies may be perfectly visualized and treated whereas same sized lesions on the surface require openings equaling the size of the lesion itself.. ...

Remote cerebellar hemorrhage A remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) is a spontaneous bleeding in the posterior fossa. Epidemiology Is a very rare complication of supratentorial surgery, with a reported incidence of 0,08% . RCH after burr hole trephinations for CSDH is even rarer, with an incidence of 0,14%

APARATUS AND METHODS FOR FIXATING A CRANIAL BONE FLAP WITH A CRANIAL BONE MASS - A fixation device for use in securing a cranial bone flap with a cranial bone mass at the location of a burr hole. In one implementation the fixation device includes a closure plate having a substrate with an outer surface and an inner surface and with at least a portion of the inner surface adapted to be applied against the outer face of the outer edges of the cranial bone mass and the cranial bone flap at the location of the burr hole. The closure plate is also adapted with a burr hole fitting coupled to and spaced a distance below the inner surface of the substrate and adapted for being inserted entirely into the burr hole. The fitting may include one or more peripheral portions adapted for being pressed against the inner wall of the burr hole when the fitting is inserted therein. The peripheral portions are endowed with a freedom of movement that enables the fitting to be inserted into the burr hole ...

Background: Recently, the lateral supraorbital (LSO) keyhole variant of the standard pterional (PT) approach has been popularized for anterior skull base surgery, because it provides good anatomic exposition, reduced complications, and better aesthetic and functional results. However, these aspects have been formally compared only by a limited number of studies. We reviewed our experience with 50 consecutive anterior communicating artery (AComA) and A1/A2 aneurysms. Of these 50 patients, 25 had undergone the standard PT approach and 25, the LSO variant. We report the results in terms of exclusion of the aneurysm, postoperative complications, functional/masticatory outcomes, and aesthetic and patient satisfaction. Methods: From January 2014 to December 2015, 25 patients with unruptured AComA and A1/A2 aneurysms underwent the standard PT craniotomy. From January 2016 to March 2017, another 25 patients underwent the LSO technique. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed in ...

As many doctors discovered, anesthesia allowed them to replace craniotomy with cesarean section. Craniotomy had been practiced for hundreds, perhaps even thousands, of years. This unhappy procedure involved the destruction (by instruments such as the crotchet) of the fetal skull and the piecemeal extraction of the entire fetus from the vagina. Although this was a gruesome operation, it entailed far lower risk to the mother than attempts to remove the fetus through an abdominal incision.. While obstetrical forceps helped to remove the fetus in some cases, they had limitations. They undoubtedly saved the lives of some babies who would otherwise have suffered craniotomy, but even when the mothers life was saved, she might well suffer severely for the rest of her life from tears in the vaginal wall and perineum. The low forceps that are still commonly used today could cause vaginal tears, but they were less likely to do so than the high forceps that in the nineteenth century were too frequently ...

In order to try and resolve the issue of where the craniotomy incision was located, I emailed Dr. Di Maio two photographs. One is a composite graphic (link shows closeup of left profile view) showing the right and left profile views of Oswald s skull provided by researcher Jack White in a post at JFK Research Internet Forum. On the photo, White had marked two areas. The first, highlighted by a purple arrow, was a line that I believed to be the craniotomy incision. The second area was the mastoid defect and was highlighted by a red circle. Dr. Di Maio confirmed that the line indicated by the purple arrow was indeed the craniotomy cut. Additionally, I asked him if there was anything unusual about the mastoid defect and he stated there was not. The second photo I sent Dr. Di Maio is taken from the original Oswald autopsy in 1963 and shows the back of the head. In order to address a common claim made by critics, I asked Dr. Di Maio if the mastoid scar should be visible. An old scar is often faint ...

Our surgeons have fellowship training-additional preparation and experience comes after the completion of a specialty-training program such as neurosurgery-in both pediatric neurosurgery and minimally invasive neurosurgery. This makes our pediatric neurosurgery program one of only a few in the nation whose surgeons have fellowship training in all areas. Many brain tumor operations that traditionally required a large scalp incision and large opening in the skull (craniotomy) now are performed with minimally invasive surgery. We use highly specialized instruments that allow us to make smaller incisions, which means less time spent in surgery, less postoperative pain, a faster recovery, minimal to no hair shaving, and less visible scarring. Small Keyhole Craniotomies for Removal of Brain Tumors For certain tumors deep under the surface of the brain, a very small and narrow surgical opening can be used to reach the tumor. This minimizes damage to normal brain tissue overlying the tumor. Use of

Polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA) as part of bone cement is a widely used material in the context of orthopaedic implants and also in cranioplasty. Although PMMA is characterised by excellent biocompatibility with low intrinsic toxicity and inflammatory activation, a minor portion of patients develop allergic reactions. We present the case of a 39-year-old woman with an increasing headache and a corresponding erythema over the parieto-occipital cranioplasty, which was performed 42 days prior using a PMMA compound. A patch test specific for bone cement components confirmed the diagnosis of a PMMA delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. The prevalence of allergic reactions to bone cement components are known to vary from between 0.6% and 1.6%, however no adequate, pre-interventional diagnostic tool is currently available. Therefore, physicians are required to consider this differential diagnosis even after an extremely delayed onset of symptoms. This case describes the first ever-reported case in the ...

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OBJECTIVE: Hemorrhage in the basal ganglia is a common type of intracerebral hemorrhage and has high mortality and poor prognosis. In our study, we aimed to evaluate surgical outcomes and functional recovery after evacuation of hematoma using either craniotomy or endoscopy. METHODS: We analyzed retrospective data from 58 patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage who were treated with hematoma evacuation using either craniotomy or endoscopy. Magnetic resonance imaging and a navigation system were used for calculating hematoma volume and for navigation during surgery. Clinical information and surgical outcomes were recorded. At 6-month follow-up, the recovery of neurologic function and the results of the Aphasia Battery of Chinese test were assessed. RESULTS: The endoscopy group showed lower intraoperative blood loss (75.36 ± 45.56 vs. 462.67 ± 120.08 mL, P < 0.001), shorter operation time (1.59 ± 0.30 vs. 4.17 ± 0.86 hours, P < 0.001), and a higher hematoma clearance rate (0.93% ± 0.05% vs. ...

In 1901 Kocher noted that it may be helpful to decompress the brain by widely opening the skull to decrease the pressure (Holder 1901; 262-6). Over a century later, the role of decompressive craniectomy remains one of the most hotly-debated topics in the management of severe TBI. Observation and experience alone tell us that opening up a rigid compartment dramatically improves compliance and reduces the requirement for potentially dangerous interventions such as prolonged therapeutic hypothermia and tightly regulated invasive ventilation. This immediately begs the question why we do not decompress all patients with intracranial hypertension from TBI. Indeed in some situations decompression is the only conceivable option, such as after evacuation of a large extra-axial haematoma where the underlying brain immediately herniates out through the defect. Where equipoise remains, however, the question is whether decompressive craniectomy is a safe and effective option to treat raised ICP due to ...