TY - JOUR. T1 - Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. AU - Forouzanfar, Mohammad. AU - Alexander, Lily. AU - Anderson, H. AU - Bachman, Victoria. AU - Biryukov, Stan. AU - Kinfu, Yohannes. AU - al.,, et. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - Background: The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods: Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with ...
Background: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases (NCDs) all over the world and leading cause of death, disability, and economic loss. Diabetes imposes a heavy economic burden on individuals, their families and society as a whole. The aim of this study is to estimate the economic burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Bangladesh and to find association between glycemic control and Health Related Quality of Life with cost-of-illness (COI).. Methodology: This will be an analytical cross-sectional cost-of-illness study. Within a specific time period participants aged ≥18 years, registered with Bangladesh Diabetic Somiti and having type 2 diabetes for more than one year will be recruited from selected hospitals inside and outside Dhaka to cover all level of health care services. A pre-tested electronic questionnaire will be used for data collection. The questionnaire will include demographic, clinical, behavioral information of the participants and all cost related ...
India is one of the fastest growing countries in the world and urbanisation is both a challenge and an opportunity for India with huge implications for the rest of the world. One critical concern for Indias urbanising future is the provision of basic urban services for all its citizens. Using a social cost accounting (SCA) methodology, this research estimates the market and non-market costs associated with the delivery of urban water, sanitation, transport and energy services in 4 case study cities. This study goes beyond typically studied issues of access to services and the direct costs involved and brings attention to ignored social costs such as indirect costs, health costs and environmental costs. One of the highlights of this study is that despite high levels of coverage in the four cities, the quantity and quality of services are inadequate in many respects, especially in the case of water and transport, and have high associated social costs ...
Pivodic, L., Block, L. van den, Pardon, K., Miccinesi, G., Vega, T., Boffin, N., Donker, G., Cancian, M., Lopéz-Maside, A., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B.D., Deliens, L. Burden on family carers and difficulty in covering costs of care at the end of life: a cross-national retrospective study via representative networks of general practitioners. European Journal of Palliative Care: 2013 53. Abstract. In: abstractbook. EAPC 2013. 13th World Congress of the European Association for Palliative Care (EAPC). 30 may - 2 june 2013, Prague ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Estimating the burden of disease attributable to physical inactivity in South Africa in 2000. AU - Joubert, J.. AU - Norman, R.. AU - Lambert, E.V.. AU - Groenewald, P.. AU - Schneider, M.. AU - Bull, Fiona. AU - Bradshaw, D.. PY - 2007. Y1 - 2007. N2 - Objectives. To quantify the burden of disease attributable to physical inactivity in persons 15 years or older, by age group and sex, in South Africa for 2000. Design. The global comparative risk assessment (CRA) methodology of the World Health Organization was followed to estimate the disease burden attributable to physical inactivity. Levels of physical activity for South Africa were obtained from the World Health Survey 2003. A theoretical minimum risk exposure of zero, associated outcomes, relative risks, and revised burden of disease estimates were used to calculate population-attributable fractions and the burden attributed to physical inactivity. Monte Carlo simulation-modelling techniques were used for the uncertainty ...
In type 2 diabetes, the successive failure of nonpharma-cologic therapy and oral antihyperglycemic agents eventually burdens patients with a heavy history of uncontrolled hyperglycemia. When this glycemic burden is defined as HbA1c-years ,8.0%, the total burden ranges from three-fourths of an HbA1c-year (8.6 HbA1c-months) in individuals failing diet and exercise to ∼2.5 HbA1c-years (29.9 HbA1c-months) for individuals failing combination therapy. When it is defined as HbA1c-years ,7.0%, the total burden is much higher, from 1.9 to 5.9 HbA1c-years (22.5-58.3 HbA1c-months). If, before starting insulin, a hypothetical patient were to progress from nonpharmacologic treatment through sulfonylurea or metformin monotherapy to combination oral agent therapy, as patients typically do in our study setting, he or she would accumulate nearly 5 HbA1c-years of total burden ,8.0% and about 10 HbA1c-years of total burden ,7.0%. The latter figure exceeds the mean reduction in glycemic burden (9.0 HbA1c-years) ...
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Over the last decade, there have been several attempts to estimate the global burden of ill health due to work activity. The most recent of these is the Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA) project of the World Health Organization. Published estimates of global burden of injury and disease due to occupational factors were summarized, compared, and contrasted with the aim of putting the CRA estimates
Irish drugs and alcohol research, data, policy and sources of evidence on prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, crime and consequences.
Researchers have discovered a link between certain changes in the genome of a tumor and increased chances of death across multiple types of cancer.
Up-to-date information about the economic impact of dental diseases is essential for health care decision makers when seeking to make rational use of available resources. The purpose of this study was to provide up-to-date estimates for dental expenditures (direct costs) and productivity losses (indirect costs) due to dental diseases on the global, regional, and country level. Direct costs of dental diseases were estimated using a previously established systematic approach; indirect costs were estimated using an approach developed by the World Health Organization Commission on Macroeconomics and Health and factoring in 2015 values for gross domestic product and disability-adjusted life years from the Global Burden of Disease Study ...
Along with The global burden of disease: 2004 update, WHO also analyzed the mortality and burden of disease attributable to 24 global risk factors using a consistent analytic framework known as Comparative Risk Assessment (CRA). Regional estimates of mortality and burden of disease and injury attributable to these 24 global risk factors are available for download. Estimates are available for risk factor exposures, mortality, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) by age, sex, risk factor and cause. These estimates can be downloaded as Excel files for several regional groupings: WHO regions, Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) by WHO region, World Bank income groups and MDG regions. ...
The Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 (GBD 2017), coordinated by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), estimated the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors for 195 countries and territories, and at the subnational level for a subset of countries.. Estimates for deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs attributable to 84 risk factors by age and sex as well as estimates for summary exposure values (SEVs) by risk are available from the GBD Results Tool for 1990-2017. Select tables published in The Lancet in November 2018 in Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 are also available for download via the Files tab above.. For additional GBD results and resources, visit the GBD 2017 Data Resources page.. ...
The economic burden of cancer in the United States is substantial and expected to increase significantly in the future because of expected growth and aging of the population and improvements in survival as well as trends in treatment patterns and costs of care following cancer diagnosis. In this article, we describe measures of the economic burden of cancer and present current estimates and projections of the national burden of cancer in the United States. We discuss ongoing efforts to characterize the economic burden of cancer in the United States and identify key areas for future work including developing and enhancing research resources, improving estimates and projections of economic burden, evaluating targeted therapies, and assessing the financial burden for patients and their families. This work will inform efforts by health care policy makers, health care systems, providers, and employers to improve the cancer survivorship experience in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers ...
This study estimates the cost burden associated with six major illnesses among Americans age 65 or older: chronic lung disease, ischemic heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, pneumonia, and gastrointestinal illness. These illnesses were selected because of their relatively high impact among older populations and because they include environmental exposures as a significant risk factor. A prevalence-based cost-of-illness approach was applied. Medical costs were estimated from Medicare claims data in 2000.
Reduction of exposure to key behavioural and environmental risk factors would prevent a substantial proportion of deaths from cancer.
Forouzanfar MH, Alexander L, Anderson HR, Bachman VF, Biryukov S, Brauer M, Burnett R, Casey D, Coates MM, Cohen A, Delwiche K, Estep K, Frostad JJ, KC A, Kyu HH, Moradi-Lakeh M, Ng M, Slepak EL, Thomas BA, Wagner J, Aasvang GM*, Abbafati C*, Abbasoglu Ozgoren A*, Abd-Allah F*, Abera SF*, Aboyans V*, Abraham B*, Abraham JP*, Abubakar I *, Abu-Rmeileh NME*, Aburto T C*, Achoki T*, Adelekan A*, Adofo K*, Adou AK*, Adsuar JC*, Afshin A*, Agardh EE*, Al Khabouri MJ*, Al Lami FH*, Alam S*, Alasfoor D*, Albittar MI*, Alegretti MA*, Aleman AV*, Alemu ZA*, Alfonso-Cristancho R*, Alhabib S*, Ali R*, Ali MK*, Alla F*, Allebeck P*, Allen PJ*, Alsharif U*, Alvarez E*, Alvis-Guzman N*, Amankwaa AA*, Amare AT*, Ameh EA*, Ameli O*, Amini H*, Ammar W*, Anderson BO*, Antonio CT*, Anwari P*, Argeseanu Cunningham S*, Arnlöv J*, Arsic Arsenijevic VS*, Artaman A*, Asghar RJ*, Assadi R*, Atkins LS*, Atkinson C*, Avila MA*, Awuah B*, Badawi A*, Bahit MC*, Bakfalouni T*, Balakrishnan K*, Balalla S*, Balu R*, Banerjee ...
The concept of Private Profits and Social Costs is implicitly easy to understand. It is far more difficult to recognize. Simply put, there are areas of economic activity where profits accrue to a few in the private sector but produce significant social costs that are paid by taxpayers. Currently, there is a political effort to…
Перевод текста музыки - Thy Burdens Are Greater Than Mine с английского на русский исполнителя Hank Williams
Research has shown that as a persons weight increases, so does the risk for developing a number of serious health conditions, including heart disease, diabetes, stroke and certain cancers (e.g. breast and colon). These conditions can lead to a decreased quality of life for individuals and their families and create an increased economic burden on the healthcare system. In 2008, the direct medical costs related to obesity in the United States totaled nearly $147 billion. These health conditions also have great economic impact on society because of productivity and income losses due to absenteeism and premature death. ...
About 75% of patients with depression have recurrent episodes, contributing to substantial personal and social costs. Read this new J Clin Psychlopedia activity to review the chronic nature of depression and learn what you can do to reduce its overall burden.
The burden of mental illness on health and productivity in the United States and throughout the world has long been underestimated. Data developed by the massive Global Burden of Disease study conducted by the World Health Organization, the World Bank, and Harvard University, reveal that mental illness, including suicide, accounts for over 15 percent of the burden of disease in established market economies, such as the United States. This is more than the disease burden caused by all cancers.. This Global Burden of Disease study developed a single measure to allow comparison of the burden of disease across many different disease conditions by including both death and disability. This measure was called Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). DALYs measure lost years of healthy life regardless of whether the years were lost to premature death or disability. The disability component of this measure is weighted for severity of the disability. For example, disability caused by major depression was ...
1. Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, et al. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. The Lancet. 2014;384(9945):766-81. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8. 2. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, et al. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380(9859):2224-60. Epub 2012/12/19. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61766-8 23245609; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPmc4156511.. 3. Darmon N, Drewnowski A. Does social class predict diet quality? Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;87(5):1107-17. Epub 2008/05/13. 18469226.. 4. Jones-Smith JC, Gordon-Larsen P, Siddiqi A, Popkin BM. Is the burden of overweight shifting to the poor across the globe? ...
Having said that, we do believe equally that a very significant, substantial financial package, both for short term and long term, is necessary. How do we define that? Simple. We must avail, or developed countries must avail in the next 5 years, fast track financing. That fast track financing is the equivalent of 1% of the GNP of developed countries. Its around 400 to 500 billion dollars depending on where … what happens to their economies. Of this, 150 billion dollars can be issued with immediate effect because, as we speak today, the IMF is sitting over 283 billion dollars worth of SDRs [Special Drawing Rights or supplementary foreign exchange reserve assets defined and maintained by the International Monetary Fund] that are not allocated. Simply sitting doing absolutely nothing, when we face a threat.. Many of you would say 400 billion dollars is a lot of money. Well, think about how much is being poured into your defence budgets and which wars are you fighting. Is there another war ...
Game publisher EA expects a tax benefit accumulating upwards to 1.7 billion dollars as a result of changing taxes in Switzerland where their HQ is...
Barbados-born Rihanna, whose birth name is Robyn Fenty, derives an estimated 1.4 billion dollars of her fortune from her 50 per cent stake in the Fenty Beauty cosmetics line, Forbes reported.
Uncut Billion Dollar Brain available on this website. (Divx Webplayer required.Please note movie should be available after 21:00.BST (GMT+1). ...
Read chapter 6 Discounting Module: The social cost of carbon (SC-CO2) is an economic metric intended to provide a comprehensive estimate of the net damage...
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One in every four couples in developing countries had been found to be affected by infertility, when an evaluation of responses from women in Demographic and Health Surveys from 1990 was completed in collaboration with WHO in 2004. The burden remains high. A WHO study, published at the end of 2012, has shown that the overall burden of infertility in women from 190 countries has remained similar in estimated levels and trends from 1990 to 2010. ...
Computerized tomography scan and head injury: The experience in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria: A cross sectional study February 2015. Trauma is the leading cause of death in all age groups, and head trauma is the cause of death in more than 50% of cases. Head injury reduces the level of physical and mental health of a community, ultimately increasing the socioeconomic burden. In our resource limited country, skull x ray was the main mode of investigating head trauma until recently when computerized tomography (CT) scans became the modality of choice.... Author(s): Akinwunmi Olalekan Akanji, Rachael Adeyanju Akinola, Babajide Olawale Balogun, Aliu Olabanji Akano, Omolola Mojisola Atalabi, Michael A. N. Akinkunmi and Gbolahan O. G. Awosanya ...
The population of developed nations is projected to age significantly over the next several decades. Because advanced age is the leading risk factor for Alzheimers disease (AD) and other cognitive disorders, a corollary of this increase in population age will be a substantial rise in the prevalence of cognitively impaired individuals and a resulting enormous socioeconomic burden (Reitz et al., 2011; Hebert et al., 2013). Discovery of new therapeutic approaches that can delay cognitive impairment would significantly mitigate this burden, but such discovery will likely be difficult without improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying unhealthy brain aging and aging-related susceptibility to Alzheimers disease. In this regard, accumulating evidence suggests that mechanisms of deleterious brain aging can be elucidated in part by investigation of the molecular machinery regulating neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis.. Numerous studies have found that Ca2+-dependent neuronal processes are ...
Within this chapter, we begin with the invaluable context of the experience of living after cancer as a young person. Then we move to describe the growing body of data indicating the consequences of cancer in patients diagnosed aged as teenagers and young adults (YAs). We identify that, while the variation in definitions used in the literature hamper firm conclusions, specific patterns of substantial morbidity are observed which are distinct from those seen in younger children. When combined with the epidemiology, the overall burden of late effects of adolescents and YA cancer and its treatment are a substantial public health problem. The progress in parts of Europe and the US in bringing together outcomes into medium-sized data sets, combined with the gaps in the data and remaining uncertainties, mean that the time is right for international epidemiological ascertainment of these adverse effects. There are potential benefits for commencing prospective clinical as well retrospective ...
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a significant reason behind incapacity within the aged inhabitants and represents a big public well being downside and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Nonetheless, no disease-modifying therapeutics are at … Continue Reading →. ...
Anyone who has looked at an OPPS proposed or final rule is aware the rules contain a massive amount of data, both in the form of projections and numbers from years past. Most of the time (but not always), CMS data is relatively accurate. However, CMS predictions for costs due to changes for laboratory packaging in 2014 were way off, and hospitals will have to pay for it in 2016.
Advocates see robots serving not just as helpers - carrying out simple chores and reminding patients to take their medication - but also as companions, even if the machines can carry on only a semblance of a real dialogue.. The ideal results: huge savings in medical costs, reduced burdens on family and caretakers, and old and sick people kept in better health.. This technology is really needed for the global community, said Russell Bodoff, executive director at the Center for Aging Services Technologies in Washington, D.C. If you look 30 years out, we have what I would call a global crisis in front of us: that we will have many more aging people than we could ever deal with. ...
Microbial and fungal infections are a major cause of death globally and can even cause potential epidemics, creating a huge economic burden on...
BOZEMAN - The Women to Women Project, a support network for rural women with chronic illness, is seeking women to participate in a study group forming in January 2008. The College of Nursing at
The total cost of dementia could reach $153 billion dollars per year by 2038, up from the current cost of $15 billion dollars per year. Without fundamental scientific advances such as ours, it is certain that the burdens will grow dramatically. It is urgent that we find ways of preventing, reversing, and repairing injured brains, and our findings are a significant advance in that direction ...
Global physiotherapy equipment market accounted USD 15.6 billion in 2016 and is predicted to garner USD 25.0 billion by the end of 2024.
Many people avoid hiring a house cleaner because they do not want to increase any financial burden on their shoulders. Indeed, they need to pay for the house cleaning, but this is a cost effective process you compared to cleaning your house by yourself. First of all, it will give more time to you, and you can save that time by making your own food instead of ordering it from outside. Or you can use that extra time to do work and make more money. Also, an expert house cleaner can reduce the consumption of house cleaning products that will be added saving for you. You can have many benefits similar to this, and that will make it a viable option for you instead of cleaning your house by yourself. So, if you are still cleaning your house by yourself, then now is the time to chance that habit. You shall hire a professional house cleaner, and you will see the amazing difference for sure. And if you still have any doubt, then you can try it for some time, and if you do not get positive results, then ...
Contributing Factors to the Clinical and Economic Burden of Patients with Laboratory-Confirmed Carbapenem-Nonsusceptible Gram-Negative Respiratory Infections
Extended hospital parking in large cities can exceed $1,000 a month -- a significant burden for many families visiting their children in NICUs.
November is American Diabetes Month and its important to know the facts about this often misunderstood illness.Diabetes is a disease. It places enormous emotional, physical and financial burden on an individual as well as those around them. Recent estimat
The uncertainty of the coronavirus has put a huge financial burden on everyone. Thats why we want to help with understanding the CARES Act.
How do we measure the impact of a childhood cancer diagnosis? There are many ways to we could try to measure the total burden of childhood cancer in the world. We could count the number of new.... ...
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Tony Hoare introduced Null references in ALGOL W back in 1965 simply because it was so easy to implement, says Mr. Hoare. He talks about that decision considering it my billion-dollar mistake.
If the post you are commenting on is more than 30 days old, your comment will have to await approval before being published. Rest assured, however, that as long as it is not spam, it will be published in due time. ...
Controversy generated by Kachikwus letter to Buhari is not new. Except you are Diezani, it is difficult to compel NNPC to report to anybody else.