TY - JOUR. T1 - PTH-related protein enhances LoVo colon cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, and integrin expression. AU - Shen, Xiaoli. AU - Falzon, Miriam. PY - 2005/2/15. Y1 - 2005/2/15. N2 - Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has been localized in human colon cancer tissue and cell lines. Tumor cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins plays a major role in the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, and is mediated via integrin subunits. The LoVo human colon cancer cell line was used as a model system to study the effects of PTHrP on cell proliferation and adhesion to ECM proteins found in normal liver. Clones of LoVo cells engineered to overexpress PTHrP by stable transfection with a PTHrP cDNA showed enhanced cell proliferation vs. control (empty vector-transfected) cells. PTHrP-overexpressing cells also showed significantly higher adhesion to collagen type I, fibronectin, and laminin, and enhanced expression of the ∀2, ∀5, ∀6, ∃1 and ∃4 integrin subunits. ...
This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of emodin on human colon cancer SW620 cells and the possible mechanisms. SW620 cells were cultur..
TY - JOUR. T1 - Modified complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation for the treatment of right-sided colon cancer. T2 - Long-term outcomes and prognostic factors. AU - Cho, Min Soo. AU - Baek, Se Jin. AU - Hur, Hyuk. AU - Min, Byung Soh. AU - Baik, Seung Hyuk. AU - Kim, Namkyu. PY - 2015/4/1. Y1 - 2015/4/1. N2 - Objective: to Investigate the Long-term Oncologic Outcomes and Risk Factors for Adverse Effects in Rt.-sided Colon Cancer Patients Who Underwent Modified Complete Mesocolic Excision . Background: Complete Mesocolic Excision with Ctrl. Vasc. Ligation Has Recently Been Found to Improve Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Colon Cancer. Our Inst. Has Estab. MCME on the Basis of the Original Concept of CME for the Treatm. of Rt.-sided Colon Cancer. Methods: between January 2000 and July 2009, 773 Patients Who Underwent MCME for Rt.-sided Colon Cancer Were Eligible for This Retrospective Stud.. the Prognostic Factors for Survival/recurrence and the Risk Factors for ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Modulation of chemosensitivity in human colon carcinoma cells by downregulating Protein Kinase Cα expression. AU - Chakrabarty, Subhas. AU - Huang, Shuang. PY - 1996/7/1. Y1 - 1996/7/1. N2 - Protein kinase C (PKC) is thought to play a role in tumor progression and drug resistance of colon carcinomas. Specifically, the PKCα isoform has been implicated in drug resistance and responsiveness of colon carcinoma cells to growth factors. Therefore, in this study we determined the effect of downregulating PKCα expression by transfecting human colon carcinoma cells with an antisense PKCα expression vector and then determined the sensitivity of these cells to the anticancer drugs mitomycin C (MMC), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and vincristine (Vin). Transiently transfecting the human colon carcinoma cell lines Moser, SW480 and HT29 with antisense PKCα expression vector (but not antisense PKCβ expression vector) consistently increased the sensitivity of these cells to MMC, 5-FU and VIN by ...
Cell lines are invaluable tools for biomedical research. Cancer cell lines are the foundation of cancer biology and the quest for drug treatments. Adenocarcinoma is a cancer of the epithelium (including colon) and originates in glandular tissue, such as skin surface layer and glands.. Product. These human adenocarcinoma cell lines have been previously licensed to commercial parties for research into human adenocarcinoma treatments.. These cell lines are available through Public Health England ECACC. Please make your purchase through the links below.. Imperial Innovations requests that commercial/for profit parties contact them first to discuss the terms of supply prior to Innovations authorising the release of supplies from ECACC.. ...
The effect of 30% caloric restriction on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon carcinogenesis was investigated in male F344 rats. Starting at 5 weeks of age, groups of animals were fed ad libitum a high-fat (23.5%) semipurified diet. At 7 weeks of age, all animals except the vehicle-treated groups were s.c. injected with AOM (15 mg/kg body wt, once weekly for 2 weeks). Four days after the second AOM injection, groups of animals were continued on high-fat diet and fed ad libitum (ad libitum group) whereas other groups were restricted to 70% of total calories (calorie-restricted group) consumed by the ad libitum group, but received same amounts of fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Thirty-two weeks after AOM injections, all animals were necropsied. The animals in the calorie-restricted group developed significantly fewer colon tumors and had a lower colon tumor incidence than did the rats in the ad libitum group. The size of colon tumors was also reduced in the calorie-restricted group.. ...
The aim of this study was to analyze the molecular mechanism of inositol hexaphosphate (InsP6) action through which it may inhibit proliferation of colon cancer cells and cell cycle progression. A kinetic study of p53 and p21WAF1 mRNA increase was performed on human colon cancer HT-29 cells after treatment with 1, 5 and 10 mM InsP6 for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. Real-time-QPCR based on TaqMan methodology was applied to analyze quantitatively the transcript levels of these genes. The transcription of β-actin and GAPDH genes was assessed in parallel to select the control gene with least variability. The 2-ΔΔCt method was used to analyze the relative changes in gene transcription. InsP6 stimulated p53 and p21WAF1 expression at the mRNA level, with the highest increase in p21WAF1 mRNA occurring at 24 h, i.e., following the highest increase in p53 mRNA observed at 12 h. Based on these studies it may be concluded that the ability of InsP6 to arrest the cell cycle may be mediated by the transcriptional ...
Human Colon Cancer Stem Cell Culture Extra-cellular Differentiation Matrix is essential for Differentiation of Human Colon Cancer Stem Cell Cultures. This product requires Human Colon Cancer Stem Cell Culture Media Cat#M36112-39 and Cells Cat# 36112-39. Also available Products ...
Cancer Monthly. Colon Cancer treatments. Biologic therapy. Chemotherapy. NCI, Bethesda, MD, United States. Compare therapy differences, longest survival rates, toxicity, side effects, hospitals.
Cancer Monthly. Colon Cancer treatments. Biologic therapy. Chemotherapy. Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. Compare therapy differences, longest survival rates, toxicity, side effects, hospitals.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Selective depletion of inducible HSP70 enhances immunogenicity of rat colon cancer cells. AU - Gurbuxani, Sandeep. AU - Bruey, Jean Marie. AU - Fromentin, Annie. AU - Larmonier, Nicolas. AU - Parcellier, Arnaud. AU - Jäättelä, Marja. AU - Martin, François. AU - Solary, Eric. AU - Garrido, Carmen. N1 - Funding Information: We thank M Martin and B Bonnotte for valuable advice and M Moutet for excellent technical assistance. Our group is supported by a special grant from the Ligue Nationale. PY - 2001/11/8. Y1 - 2001/11/8. N2 - Expression of inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in tumor cells has been proposed to enhance their immunogenicity. However, HSP70 has also been demonstrated to prevent tumor cell death, a key process for the development of tumor cell immunogenicity. In the present study, we investigated the influence of the HSP70 protein level on PRO colon cancer cell growth and immunogenicity in syngeneic BDIX rats and nude mice. These cells have a basal expression ...
RATIONALE: Rosuvastatin may stop the growth of tumor cells by blocking some of the enzymes needed for cell growth. Giving rosuvastatin after surgery may kill any tumor cells that remain after surgery. It may also keep polyps from forming or colon cancer from coming back. It is not yet known whether rosuvastatin is more effective than a placebo in treating colon cancer that was removed by surgery.. PURPOSE: This randomized phase III trial is studying rosuvastatin to see how well it works compared with placebo in treating patients with stage I or stage II colon cancer that was removed by surgery. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - DNA topoisomerase I-targeted chemotherapy of human colon cancer in xenografts. AU - Giovanella, Beppino C.. AU - Stehlin, John S.. AU - Wall, Monroe E.. AU - Wani, Mansukh C.. AU - Nicholas, Allan W.. AU - Liu, Leroy F.. AU - Silber, Robert. AU - Potmesil, Milan. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. N2 - Drug development is needed to improve chemotherapy of patients with locally advanced or metastatic colon carcinoma, who otherwise have an unfavorable prognosis. DNA topoisomerase I, a nuclear enzyme important for solving topological problems arising during DNA replication and for other cellular functions, has been identified as a principal target of a plant aLkaloid 20(S)-camptothecin. Significantly increased concentrations of this enzyme, compared to that in normal colonic mucosa, were found in advanced stages of human colon adenocarcinoma and in xenografts of colon cancer carried by immunodeficient mice. Several synthetic ...
HPB Surgery is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that offers ready access to important developments in the field of HPB surgery and associated disciplines. We aim to publish fresh experimental and clinical work across the spectrum of HPB disease, while concentrating on those conditions for which surgical treatment - not necessarily an actual operation - is a common option. Thus diabetes mellitus and hepatitis, for example, might belong more appropriately elsewhere, though not if the paper should concern pancreatic transplantation or virally-induced hepatoma.
Mutations in apc which lead to activation of the Wnt signaling pathway are a hallmark of sporadic colon cancers but occur infrequently in colon cancers arising in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). There is evidence, however, that other components of the Wnt pathway may be altered in IBD-related colon cancer. In this study, we examined the expression the Wnt pathway components frizzled (Fz), the cell surface receptor, and disheveled (DVL), a family of cytoplasmic signal transduction molecules, in IBD and IBD-related colon cancer. Paraffin sections of normal and malignant colon tissues were obtained from patients with a history of ulcerative colitis and from controls with sporadic colon cancer. Tissue sections were stained with antibodies directed against Fz1/2 receptors and DVL1, DVL2 and DVL3 and antigen expression visualized by immunohistochemistry. Fz1/2 receptors were minimally expressed in normal IBD mucosa, were not expressed in IBD colon cancer, but exhibited strong ...
Contluent cultures of Caco-2 cells, a human colonic carcinoma cell line, undergo differentiation into enterocyte-like cells and are widely used as a model system to study the expression of membrane peptidases on the apical brush border [I-41 Indirect irnniunofluorescent staining has previously shown dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPPIV, EC 3 4 14 5) to be homogeneously distributed on the surface of Caco-2 cells [ I ] whereas endopeptidase-24 1 1 (E-24 I I , EC 3 4 24 I I ) was found on the surface of some cells but not on others [4] This observation has also been reported by Jalal e/ d. [ S ] who have shown that E-24 1 1 is expressed by all cells but in some is confined to an intracellular pool In the present study the cellsurface and intracellular expression of five membrane peptidases on confluent cultures of Caco-2 cells has been investigated using indirect immunofluorescent staining The membrane peptidases studied were DPPIV, E-24 I I , angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, EC 3 4 15 I). ...
β-Catenin is a key regulator of the cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion system and an important element in the Wnt signal transduction pathway. Stabilization and accumulation of cytoplasmic β-catenin, which result from mutations in either the adenomatous polyposis coli or β-catenin genes, are causatively associated with colon carcinogenesis. In the present study, we examined the expression of β-catenin in rat colon tumors induced by azoxymethane in comparison with adjacent normal colon mucosa by immunostaining and immunoblotting. Cytoplasmic and nuclear immunostaining was pronounced in all colon adenoma and carcinoma tissues, whereas antibody binding was limited to membranes at the intercellular borders in normal colon epithelial cells. Increase of the free β-catenin fraction in tumor cells was also indicated by immunoblot analysis of fractionated tissue lysates. Investigation of mutations in the glycogen synthase kinase-3β phosphorylation consensus motif of the β-catenin gene by ...
Anticancer Effect of COX-2 Inhibitor DuP-697 Alone and in Combination with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (E7080) on Colon Cancer Cell Lines Colon cancer;DuP-697;COX-2 inhibition;tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common types of cancer and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. In this study, we aimed to investigate effects of DuP-697, an irreversible selective inhibitor of COX-2 on colorectal cancer cells alone and in combination with a promising new multi-targeted kinase inhibitor E7080. The HT29 colorectal cancer cell line was used. Real time cell analysis (xCELLigence system) was conducted to determine effects on colorectal cell proliferation, angiogenesis was assessed with a chorioallantoic membrane model and apoptosis was determined with annexin V staining. We found that DuP-697 alone exerted antiproliferative, antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects on HT29 colorectal cancer cells. For the antiproliferative effect the half maximum inhibition concentration ($IC_{50
TY - JOUR. T1 - Overexpression of ras in mucus-secreting human colon carcinoma cells of low tumorigenicity. AU - Augenlicht, Leonard H.. AU - Augeron, C.. AU - Yander, G.. AU - Laboisse, C.. PY - 1987. Y1 - 1987. N2 - We have investigated the expression of the protooncogenes of the myc and ras family in HT29 cells and in three different clonal cell lines derived from this colon carcinoma cell line. In contrast to the decrease in myc expression seen when leukemia cells are induced to differentiate, we have found no changes in expression of the myc gene family in differentiated colon carcinoma cells. However, a greater than 5-fold increase in expression of sequences which hybridize to Ha-ras was observed in cells which secrete mucin, with a smaller increase seen in expression of Ki-ras in the same cells. This increase was not seen in cells which exhibit vectorial transport of water and ions, and which are not mucus-secreting. All differentiated lines were less tumorigenic in nude mice than the ...
With very few exceptions, initial therapy for colon cancer is adequate surgical resection. Subsequent surgical and pathologic staging will dictate the need for adjuvant therapy. Currently, Stage I colon cancer patients enjoy a high cure rate after surgery alone (,80%), and there is no evidence that these patients will benefit from any adjuvant therapy. Large randomized clinical trials have been more interested in Stage II and Stage III colon cancer patients whose cure rate can be as low as 30% after surgery alone. Early chemotherapy trials for colon cancer used the chemotherapeutic agents available at the time. Eventually, fluorinated pyrimidines (5-Fluorouracil or 5-FU) were shown to have activity against metastatic colorectal cancer. This finding led to several trials evaluating 5-FU as adjuvant therapy for high risk patients after surgery (Stage II and III colon cancer). In 1988, Buyse and colleagues(4) published a meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials of adjuvant therapy with ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Both Transforming Growth Factor-β and Substrate Release Are Inducers of Apoptosis in a Human Colon Adenoma Cell Line. AU - Cheng Ya Wang, Ya Wang. AU - Eshleman, J. R.. AU - Willson, J. K V. AU - Markowitz, S.. PY - 1995/11/1. Y1 - 1995/11/1. N2 - VACO-330, a nontransfonned cell line established from a human colon adenoma, undergoes spontaneous apoptosis and shedding of cells into the culture medium. Shed cells were shown to be apoptotic, both by nuclear morphology and by generation of a typical laddered pattern of degraded DNA. Quantitation of DNA released into the medium, compared with the amount retained on the plate, demonstrated that 6.2 ± 1.1% of the total cell mass underwent apoptotic death daily. The addition of transforming growth factor β (20 ng/ml) accelerated this spontaneous apoptotic rate 3.2-fold. Moreover, apoptosis could be rapidly induced in up to 45% of the VACO-330 cells by using brief exposure to a calcium chelating medium to release the cells from the ...
This study showed that greater weight, waist, and WHR before diagnosis (at baseline) were risk factors for all-cause mortality for women diagnosed with colon cancer. These associations were independent of age at diagnosis, education, smoking, and stage. The HR of all-cause mortality was also increased among those in the obese BMI category and among those few women in the underweight BMI category compared with women of normal weight. This pattern is similar to the relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality among all IWHS women (7, 20).. There were also statistically significant positive associations of colon cancer mortality with waist circumference and WHR. Women in the highest tertiles of waist and WHR had a 30% to 40% greater colon cancer mortality (similar to all-cause mortality) compared with the lowest tertiles. However, BMI and weight were not significantly associated with colon cancer mortality. Thus, WHR, which reflects abdominal obesity, and waist circumference, which ...
Youve probably talked to your kids about important issues like time management and personal finances, but have you ever talked to your kids about colon cancer? Contrary to what most people think, colon cancer is not just a disease for the elderly. In fact, young-onset colon cancer incidence is increasing in individuals under the age of 50. If youve never had the conversation with your kids about colon cancer prevention and awareness, now is the time.. Its very likely that you may not know how or when to bring up the subject, or even what to say. After all, colon cancer and colonoscopies are not exactly dinner table conversation. We couldnt agree more, so choose a setting that is comfortable for everyone. You could consider a family walk, a cup of coffee at the kitchen table, or a trip to your local park.. Once youve chosen the setting, you need to think of how you will present your message. Remember, your goal is to inform and encourage. It might help to begin with a few facts to inform ...
Combining different chemopreventive agents is a promising strategy to reduce cancer incidence and mortality due to potential synergistic interactions between these agents. Previously, we demonstrated that oral administration of nobiletin (NBT, a citrus flavonoid) at 0.05% (w/w, in diet) together with atorvas
UNLABELLED: In this Danish national register-based cohort study, we examined the effects of alendronate on the development of colon cancers and survival. The incidence of colon cancer and mortality rate, once colon cancer had been diagnosed, were lower in patients treated with alendronate, posing the question whether alendronate acts as chemopreventive. INTRODUCTION: When bisphosphonates are given by mouth, around 99% remains non-absorbed in the intestine. Based on their biochemical actions, we predicted that oral bisphosphonates might prevent colon cancers. METHODS: This is a Danish national register-based cohort study. We identified 30,606 women aged 50+, mean age 71.9 years, who had not previously taken treatments for osteoporosis, who began to take alendronate in 1996-2005, and assigned 124,424 individually age- and gender-matched control subjects. The main outcome measure was colorectal cancers incidence and post-diagnosis survival in patients taking oral alendronate for osteoporosis. RESULTS: Cox
Metastatic Colon Adenocarcinoma Metastatic Rectal Adenocarcinoma Stage III Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage III Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IIIA Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IIIA Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IIIB Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IIIB Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IIIC Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IIIC Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IV Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IV Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IVA Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IVA Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IVB Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IVB Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IVC Colon Cancer AJCC v8 Stage IVC Rectal Cancer AJCC v8 Unresectable Colon Adenocarcinoma Unresectable Rectal Adenocarcinoma ...
Could preventing colon cancer be as simple as developing a taste for yerba mate tea? In a recent University of Illinois study, scientists showed that human colon cancer cells die when they are exposed to the approximate number of bioactive compounds present in one cup of this brew, which has long been consumed in South America for its medicinal properties. The caffeine derivatives in mate tea not only induced death in human colon cancer cells, they also reduced important markers of inflammation, said Dr. Elvira de Mejia, a University of Illinois associate professor of food chemistry and food toxicology. Thats important because inflammation can trigger the steps of cancer progression, she said. In the in vitro study, Dr. de Mejia and former graduate student Sirima Puangpraphant isolated, purified, and then treated human colon cancer cells with caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives from mate tea. As the scientists increased the CQA concentration, cancer cells died as a result of apoptosis. Put ...
Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are one of the earliest histopathological manifestations of colon cancer. In this review, we critically present the molecular, cellular, histopathological, and chemopreventive evidence that ACF are relevant biomarkers for colon cancer. The laboratory and clinical evidence are highly suggestive that ACF are in the pathway leading to colon cancer, but not all ACF will do so. The possible fate and outcome of ACF in the progression toward colon cancer may be dependent on a number of features that define their predictive power for the prevention or progression of cancer.
Background We assessed the novel MACC1 gene to further stratify stage II colon cancer patients with proficient mismatch repair (pMMR). Patients and methods Four cohorts with 596 patients were analyzed: Charité 1 discovery cohort was assayed for MACC1 mRNA expression and MMR in cryo-preserved tumors. Charité 2 comparison cohort was used to translate MACC1 qRT-PCR analyses to FFPE samples. In the BIOGRID 1 training cohort MACC1 mRNA levels were related to MACC1 protein levels from immunohistochemistry in FFPE sections; also analyzed for MMR. Chemotherapy-naïve pMMR patients were stratified by MACC1 mRNA and protein expression to establish risk groups based on recurrence-free survival (RFS). Risk stratification from BIOGRID 1 was confirmed in the BIOGRID 2 validation cohort. Pooled BIOGRID datasets produced a best effect-size estimate. Results In BIOGRID 1, using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry for MACC1 detection, pMMR/MACC1-low patients had a lower recurrence probability versus pMMR/MACC1-high
TY - JOUR. T1 - Spiral CT pneumocolon for suspected colonic neoplasms [1]. AU - Coakley, F. V.. AU - Entwisle, J. J.. AU - Amin, Z.. AU - Lees, W. R.. PY - 1996. Y1 - 1996. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0029761122&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0029761122&partnerID=8YFLogxK. U2 - 10.1016/S0009-9260(96)80069-9. DO - 10.1016/S0009-9260(96)80069-9. M3 - Letter. C2 - 8810704. AN - SCOPUS:0029761122. VL - 51. SP - 666. JO - Clinical Radiology. JF - Clinical Radiology. SN - 0009-9260. IS - 9. ER - ...
Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Among many gene mutations associated with colorectal cancer, mutation of APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) or ß-catenin, which activates Wnt signaling, represents the initiation step of colon tumorigenesis. Wnt signaling is known to play multiple roles in early development and formation of human cancers. In addition, Wnt signaling also regulates the self-renewal and differentiation of adult stem cells. Recently, cancer stem cells have emerged as an exciting new concept in cancer research. This book discusses the development and trends in the field of cancer stem cell research, with emphasis on colon cancer stem cells. (Imprint: Nova Biomedical). ...
CRC is the third most common cancer in men and women and is the third leading cause of cancer death (39, 40). Thus, the causes and methods of preventing and treating colon cancer are a high priority. In particular, abnormal activation of Wnt signaling has been tightly linked to colon cancer. Therefore, identifying small molecules targeting Wnt signaling is a promising preventive or treatment strategy against cancer.. In the current study, we identified a natural product, esculetin, as a potent inhibitor of Wnt signaling. Previously, the inhibitory effect of esculetin on cell proliferation in many cell lines has been reported (32, 33, 43, 44). However, the molecular mechanism of the antiproliferation effect of esculetin against colon cancer cells is not clearly understood. In the present study, we demonstrated that esculetin could disrupt the interaction between β-catenin and Tcf by targeting β-catenin, leading to suppression of the proliferation of three different colon cancer cell lines ...
Scientists have developed a novel biomarker that could help predict a persons risk of developing colon cancer at the University of Cincinnati. Hotspots has been identified which play a critical role in regulating gene expression and influence colon cancer progression. Researchers consider that these hotspots could be used as a biomarker for colon cancer. AMACR is the first study to explain how a gene is regulated in relation to cancer development and to identify specific genetic events (a polymorphism and somatic cell mutations) related to colon cancer. UC researchers looked at the actions of the AMACR gene in human tissue in this study. AMACR breaks down branched-chain fatty acids, a type of molecule only found in animals that eat plants. Previous research showed that plant-derived fatty acids, such as those found in red meat and dairy products, can accelerate cancer growth. AMACR genes abnormal expression patterns using a sophisticated laser-capture microdissection technique identifies the ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Profiling the humoral immune response in colon cancer patients. T2 - Diagnostic antigens from Streptococcus bovis. AU - Tjalsma, Harold. AU - Schöller-Guinard, Marie. AU - Lasonder, Edwin. AU - Ruers, Theo J.. AU - Willems, Hans L.. AU - Swinkels, Dorine W.. PY - 2006/11/1. Y1 - 2006/11/1. N2 - The human bowel contains a large and dynamic bacterial population that is not only essential for intestinal health, but also critical for the development of diseases such as cancer. In this respect, the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus bovis has been associated with colon cancer for many years. To investigate the clinical importance of this association, an immunocapture mass spectrometry assay was developed that can generate infection-related protein profiles. The composition of these profiles is governed by the capture of specific antigens by serum antibodies from colon cancer patients. This assay showed that S. bovis antigen profiles could distinguish 11 out of 12 colon cancer ...
A molecular ribbon model of estrogen receptor beta, a protein encoded by the ESR2 gene, found primarily in the kidneys, brain, bone, heart, lungs, intestinal mucosa, prostate and endothelial cells. After activated by estrogen hormones, estrogen receptors bind to DNA to regulate gene expression. Abnormal activity by estrogen receptors have been observed in cases of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, colon cancer, prostate cancer and endometrial cancer. The loss of estrogen receptor beta proteins can disrupt the process of apoptosis and are often associated with advanced colon cancer and the development of tumours. - Stock Image C027/6387
The mRNA as well as protein expression of SASH1 was strongly and significantly reduced in colon cancer of UICC stage II, III, and IV, as well as in colorectal liver metastases. In contrast, SASH1 expression was not significantly altered in benign adenomas and in early stage lesions (UICC I). Around 40% of primary colon tumours tested (n=113) showed a 10-fold or stronger reduction in SASH1 expression, compared to normal colon mucosa. Decreased SASH1 mRNA expression was correlated with the occurrence of metachronous distant metastasis, and multivariate analysis identified SASH1 downregulation as an independent negative prognostic parameter for patient survival (Rimkus et al., 2006). Recently, these results were confirmed on an independent patient collective of stage II colon cancer (n=179 patients), confirming that decreased SASH1 expression is an independent negative prognostic factor in colon cancer, allowing to distinguish high-risk patients in early, locally restriced stages of the disease ...
Researchers compile survival rates based on observed survival of a large number of people diagnosed with cecum cancer, notes the American Cancer … 0. as a child. See the Introduction for a list of those NETs. If the bowel cancer disease has breached the bowel wall, and especially if it is has gone into the local lymph nodes, adjuvant chemotherapy will increase the chance of cure. Despite this prognosis, right-sided colon cancers are less likely to spread (metastasize) to the liver and lungs than left-sided colon cancers.. Boston: Butterworths; 1990. Currently, doctors have not yet studied the cancer of the cecum to the end, therefore only approximate causes are known. TX: The primary tumor cannot be evaluated. Anatomically, the cecum sits in the right lower area of your abdomen, where your appendix is positioned. This region of the colon can be difficult to examine, but is important, in that some studies have found that up to 20% of colorectal cancers occur in the cecum (in some studies ...
MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are short non-coding RNAs that affect the expression of genes involved in normal physiology, but that also become dysregulated in cancer development. In the latter context, studies to date have focused on high-abundance miRNAs and their targets. We hypothesized that among the pool of low-abundance miRNAs are some with the potential to impact crucial oncogenic signaling networks in colon cancer. Unbiased screening of over 650 miRNAs identified miR-206, a low-abundance miRNA, as the most significantly altered miRNA in carcinogen-induced rat colon tumors. Computational modeling highlighted the stem-cell marker Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) as a potential target of miR-206. In a panel of primary human colon cancers, target validation at the mRNA and protein level confirmed a significant inverse relationship between miR-206 and KLF4, which was further supported by miR-206 knockdown and ectopic upregulation in human colon cancer cells. Forced expression of miR-206 resulted in
Background Only between 25 to 35% of stage II and IIIA colon cancer patients will experience a relapse of their disease and may benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. ColoPrint is a gene expression classifier that can predict disease relapse in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer and helps to identify patients with higher risk of relapse.. Methods ColoPrint was developed using whole genome expression data and was validated in public datasets and an independent patient cohort of 206 patients (Salazar et al., JCO 2011). The signature was translated to a customized 8-pack microarray. Positive and negative hybridization control genes monitor the quality of hybridization and a colon specific normalization gene set (n = 461) guarantee reliability of results. Reproducibility and precision studies with 20 times 6 samples were performed by multiple operators on multiple days. Additional independent patient cohorts were validated on the customized arrays. Uni- and multi-variate analyses were ...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. During the tumorigenesis and metastasis of CRC, cells encounter numerous cellular and molecular events. ATF3, a member of the ATF/CREB transcription factor family, plays an important role on regulation of apoptosis and is regarded as a potential molecular target for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of colon cancer. The current study was performed to investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms by which ATF3 affects colon cancer-related phenotypes including apoptosis and metastasis. Here, we demonstrated that knockdown of ATF3 using small interfering RNA (siRNA) promotes the expression of anti-apoptotic protein, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), in colon cancer cells, while overexpression of ATF3 resulted in a dramatic decrease in Bcl-2 protein. Gain of function of ATF3 in colon cancer cell line HCT116 led to an increase of pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 homologous antagonist killer (Bak), followed by the ...
Colorectal carcinoma growth and progression is dependent on the vasculature of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor-derived endothelial cells differ functionally from their normal counterpart. For this reason we isolated microvascular endothelial cells from human colon cancer tissue (HCTEC) and compared them with endothelial cells from normal colonic tissue (HCMEC) of the same donor. Since hypoxia is a universal hallmark of carcinomas, we examined its effects on HCTEC of five patients in comparison with the corresponding HCMEC, with respect to the secretion of the soluble form of the two important vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, VEGFR-1 and -2. After dissociation by dispase/collagenase of central non-necrotic tumor areas obtained from colon carcinomas, HCTEC were isolated using CD31-coated magnetic beads and cultivated as monolayers. Subsequent characterization studies demonstrated the endothelial phenotype, including VEGFR-1 and -2 mRNA and protein expression as well as E-selectin
Mice and reagents. Six- to eight-week-old female C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice were purchased from the Charles River Laboratory. OT-I mice and Ifnar-/- mice were obtained from Jackson Laboratory. All the mice were maintained under specific pathogen-free conditions.. The B16 (C57BL/6 mouse melanoma), LSV174T (human colon adenocarcinoma), CT26 (BALB/c mouse colon adenocarcinoma), and HEK293 cell lines were obtained from ATCC. MC38 (C57BL/6 mouse colon adenocarcinoma) was provided by Yang Xuanming (Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China). B16-OVA cells were constructed by stably expressing OVA cDNA on B16 cells. PDAC murine pancreatic cancer cells were derived from spontaneous pancreatic cancer tissues of K-ras(G12D); p53-/- mice (51). DC2.4, a murine DC line, was provided by Kenneth Dock (University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA). B3Z hybridoma cells were provided by Nilabh Shastri (University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA). All cell lines ...
Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in carcinogenesis due to the requirements of tumoral cells to sustain increased structural, energetic and biosynthetic precursor demands for cell proliferation. We investigated the association between expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and clinical outcome in intermediate-stage colon cancer patients with the aim of identifying a metabolic profile associated with greater malignancy and increased risk of relapse. Expression profile of 70 lipid metabolismrelated genes was determined in 77 patients with stage II colon cancer. Cox regression analyses using c-index methodology was applied to identify a metabolic-related signature associated to prognosis. The metabolic signature was further confirmed in two independent validation sets of 120 patients and additionally, in a group of 264 patients from a public database. The combined analysis of these 4 genes, ABCA1, ACSL1, AGPAT1 and SCD, constitutes a metabolic-signature (ColoLipidGene) able to ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibits the sulfation of 1-naphthol in a human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2. AU - Isozaki, T.. AU - Tamura, H. O.. PY - 2001/10/4. Y1 - 2001/10/4. N2 - We have previously reported that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) strongly inhibits the in vitro phenol sulfo-transferase (P-ST) activity of a human colon carcinoma cell line, Caco-2. In the present study, we examined the ability of EGCG to inhibit the sulfation of 1-naphthol in intact Caco-2 cells. Sulfation of 1-naphthol was detected in Caco-2 cells after 2 h of incubation, and was observed to continue for 24 h, resulting in an accumulation of sulfated 1-naphthol. Sulfation was strongly inhibited by the addition of EGCG to the culture medium. The IC50 of EGCG was calculated to be 20 μM; this value is similar to that obtained from in vitro assays (14 μM) [Ref. Tamura et al., Biol. Pharm. Bull., 23, 695, (2000)]. These results indicate that catechins are capable of inhibiting P-ST activity in ...
Laparoscopic colon surgery is a technique performed for colon cancer treatment. Laparoscopic colon resection surgery allows a high success rate (over 95%) for even the most complicated patients.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Augmentation off 5-Fluorouracil Cytotoxicity in Human Colon Cancer Cells by Dipyridamole. AU - Grem, Jean L.. AU - Fischer, Paul H.. PY - 1985/7/1. Y1 - 1985/7/1. N2 - The effect of dipyridamole (DP), an inhibitor of nucleoside transport, on the uptake and toxicity of 5-fluorouracil (FUra) was examined in a human colon cancer cell line (HCT 116). DP substantially increased the cytotoxicity of FUra in cell growth experiments and in viability assays measuring colony formation. The augmentation by DP was dose and time dependent. Several possible mechanisms by which DP enhanced FUra toxicity were investigated. DP did not alter the uptake of FUra into the acid-soluble and -insoluble fractions of HCT 116 cells. While DP did not affect the uptake of FUra, it did inhibit the transport of the nucleoside analogues, fluorouridine and fluorodeoxyuridine, of FUra. Although DP effectively inhibited the uptake of thymidine and uridine in a dose-dependent manner, several lines of evidence ...
GST Pi is a member of the glutathione-S-transferase superfamily of phase II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes that catalyse the conjugation of endogenous and exogenous electrophiles, including reactive oxygen species, toxins, carcinogens and anti-cancer agents, to the nucleophilic thiol group of reduced glutathione (GSH) [12]. A number of studies have concentrated on the connection between aberrant expression of GST isozymes, including GST Pi isozymes, with the development and expression of resistance to chemotherapy drugs as reviewed by McIlwain et al.[13]. From this perspective an expected result should have been a poor response to chemotherapy in patients with high expression of GST Pi. However our study has shown that, for stage C colon cancer patients, overall survival was significantly and markedly poorer in patients with high GST Pi who did not receive chemotherapy than in those with high GST Pi who did. Furthermore, survival in the latter group was no different from that in patients with ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Transforming growth factor β alters the expression of heparan sulfate proteoglycan in human colon carcinoma cells. AU - Dodge, G. R.. AU - Kovalszky, I.. AU - Hassell, J. R.. AU - Iozzo, R. V.. PY - 1990/11/12. Y1 - 1990/11/12. N2 - Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) stimulated the synthesis of heparan sulfate proteoglycan in cultured human colon carcinoma cells without affecting its rates of intracellular degradation or secretion. The overall hydrodynamic size, electrophoretic mobility, and degree of sulfation of the TGF-β-induced proteoglycan was indistinguishable from that of untreated cells. The synthesis of the protein core was significantly stimulated by TGF-β, although total cellular protein was unaltered. The stimulatory effects of TGF-β were prevented by the inhibitors of protein synthesis and DNA transcription, cycloheximide, or actinomycin D, respectively. Analysis of protein core mRNA levels using a murine cDNA encoding a basement membrane protein core, ...
Multidrug resistance glycoprotein1 (MDR-1) eliminates amphiphilic chemotherapeutic agents out of tumour cells leading to therapeutic failures. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of mistletoe lectins (MLs) I, II and III on the sensitive human colon cancer cell line HT 29(md …
The authors have retracted this article [1] because data shown in Figures 1-4 duplicate data in Figures 1, 2, 5, 6 and 8 in a previously published article by a different author group [2]. Yu Sun, Zhen Tian and Sui-Hui Li agree with this retraction. Xue-Feng Jiang and Shuang-Xi Zhu have not responded to correspondence from the editor or publisher about this retraction. The online version of this article contains the full text of the retracted article as electronic supplementary material. References [1] Xue-Feng Jiang, Zhen Tian, Shuang-Xi Zhu, Sui-Hui Li & Yu Sun. A novel small-molecule inhibitor suppresses colon cancer metastasis through inhibition of metastasis-associated in colon cancer-1 transcription. Invest New Drugs (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10637-020-00957-8 [2] Manisha Juneja, Dennis Kobelt, Wolfgang Walther, Cynthia Voss, Janice Smith, Edgar Specker, Martin Neuenschwander, Björn-Oliver Gohlke, Mathias Dahlmann, Silke Radetzki, Robert Preissner, Jens Peter von Kries, Peter ...
THURSDAY, Feb. 11, 2021 (HealthDay News) -- Getting a colonoscopy as soon as possible after an abnormal stool test could reduce your risk of colon cancer and death from the disease, researchers say.. In a new study, investigators analyzed data from more than 200,000 U.S. veterans, aged 50 to 75, who had an abnormal fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or fecal occult blood test (FOBT).. Both are common stool blood screening tests. Abnormal results (blood in the stool) on the tests should be followed by a colonoscopy to check for precancerous and cancerous colon growths called polyps.. Patients who had a colonoscopy more than 13 months after an abnormal stool blood test were up to 1.3 times more likely to develop colon cancer than those who had colonoscopy up to three months after the stool test, the study authors found.. The risk of advanced colon cancer at diagnosis was up to 1.7 times higher among patients who had a colonoscopy more than 16 months after an abnormal stool blood test, according to ...
THURSDAY, Feb. 11, 2021 (HealthDay News) - Getting a colonoscopy as soon as possible after an abnormal stool test could reduce your risk of colon cancer and death from the disease, researchers say.. In a new study, investigators analyzed data from more than 200,000 U.S. veterans, aged 50 to 75, who had an abnormal fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or fecal occult blood test (FOBT).. Both are common stool blood screening tests. Abnormal results (blood in the stool) on the tests should be followed by a colonoscopy to check for precancerous and cancerous colon growths called polyps.. Patients who had a colonoscopy more than 13 months after an abnormal stool blood test were up to 1.3 times more likely to develop colon cancer than those who had colonoscopy up to three months after the stool test, the study authors found.. The risk of advanced colon cancer at diagnosis was up to 1.7 times higher among patients who had a colonoscopy more than 16 months after an abnormal stool blood test, according to the ...
The preventive effect of polysaccharide of Larimichthys crocea swimming bladder (PLCSB) and the increase of this effect by use of resistant starch (RS3) as the carrier for PLCSB on azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-inducing colon carcinogenesis in C57BL/6 mice has been studied. RS3 microspheres carrying PLCSB (RS3 + PLCSB) were produced and evaluated as a potentially improved colon carcinogenesis therapy for this study. The body weight, colon length, and colon weight of mice were determined, and colonic tissues were histologically observed. The serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines and the inflammation and apoptosis-related genes in colonic tissue were also tested. The PLCSB or RS3 + PLCSB significantly suppressed AOM and DSS-induced body weight loss, colon length shortening and decreased the colon weight to length ratio. PLCSB or RS3 + PLCSB reduced the levels of the serum pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α, and IFN-γ to a greater extent compared with the control
TY - JOUR. T1 - Effect of diets fortified with tomatoes or onions with variable quercetin-glycoside content on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in the colon of rats. AU - Femia, A.P.. AU - Caderni, G.. AU - Ianni, M.. AU - Salvadori, M.. AU - Schijlen, E.G.W.M.. AU - Collins, G.. AU - Bovy, A.G.. AU - Dolara, P.. PY - 2003. Y1 - 2003. N2 - Background: Onion and tomato are vegetables widely consumed by humans and epidemiological studies show an inverse association between vegetable consumption and colon cancer risk; however, the effect on colon cancer of diets containing high levels of vegetables like onion and tomato are not clear. Aims of the study: To investigate whether tomatoes and onions,with low or high quercetin-glycoside content, could reduce azoxymethane (AOM)-induced Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF), preneoplastic lesions in the colon of rats. Methods: Male Fisher 344 rats were fed the following diets: a) high fat (HF) diet (control diet); b) HF diet containing 20 % (w/w) tomatoes ...
Emerging evidence supports the idea that a dysfunction in cell metabolism could sustain a resistant phenotype in cancer cells. As the success of chemotherapeutic agents is often questioned by the occurrence of multidrug resistance (MDR), a multiple cross-resistance towards different anti-cancer drugs represent a major obstacle to cancer treatment. The present study has clarified the involvement of the carbon metabolites in a more aggressive tumor colon adenocarcinoma phenotype and in a chemoresistant mesothelioma, and the role of pyruvate treatment in the reversion of the potentially related resistance. For the first time, we have shown that human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT29) and its chemoresistant counterpart (HT29-dx) displayed different carbon metabolism: HT29-dx cells had a higher glucose consumption compared to HT29 cells, whereas human malignant mesothelioma (HMM) cells showed a lower glucose consumption compared to HT29 cells, accompanied by a lower pyruvate production and, ...
Mucus-invasive bacterial biofilms are identified on the colon mucosa of approximately 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and approximately 13% of healthy subjects. Here, we test the hypothesis that human colon biofilms comprise microbial communities that are carcinogenic in CRC mouse models. Homogenates of human biofilm-positive colon mucosa were prepared from tumor patients (tumor and paired normal tissues from surgical resections) or biofilm-positive biopsies from healthy individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy; homogenates of biofilm-negative colon biopsies from healthy individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy served as controls. After 12 weeks, biofilm-positive, but not biofilm-negative, human colon mucosal homogenates induced colon tumor formation in 3 mouse colon tumor models (germ-free ApcMinΔ850/+;Il10-/- or ApcMinΔ850/+ and specific pathogen-free ApcMinΔ716/+ mice). Remarkably, biofilm-positive communities from healthy colonoscopy biopsies induced colon inflammation and ...
Mucus-invasive bacterial biofilms are identified on the colon mucosa of approximately 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and approximately 13% of healthy subjects. Here, we test the hypothesis that human colon biofilms comprise microbial communities that are carcinogenic in CRC mouse models. Homogenates of human biofilm-positive colon mucosa were prepared from tumor patients (tumor and paired normal tissues from surgical resections) or biofilm-positive biopsies from healthy individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy; homogenates of biofilm-negative colon biopsies from healthy individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy served as controls. After 12 weeks, biofilm-positive, but not biofilm-negative, human colon mucosal homogenates induced colon tumor formation in 3 mouse colon tumor models (germ-free ApcMinΔ850/+;Il10-/- or ApcMinΔ850/+ and specific pathogen-free ApcMinΔ716/+ mice). Remarkably, biofilm-positive communities from healthy colonoscopy biopsies induced colon inflammation and ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy use among veterans with colon cancer. T2 - Insights from a California study. AU - Hynes, Denise M.. AU - Tarlov, Elizabeth. AU - Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon. AU - Perrin, Ruth. AU - Zhang, Qiuying. AU - Weichle, Thomas. AU - Ferreira, M. Rosario. AU - Lee, Todd. AU - Benson, Al B.. AU - Bhoopalam, Nirmala. AU - Bennett, Charles L.. PY - 2010/5/20. Y1 - 2010/5/20. N2 - Purpose: US veterans have been shown to be a vulnerable population with high cancer rates, and cancer care quality in Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals is the focus of a congressionally mandated review. We examined rates of surgery and chemotherapy use among veterans with colon cancer at VA and non-VA facilities in California to gain insight into factors associated with quality of cancer care. Methods: A retrospective cohort of incident colon cancer patients from the California Cancer Registry, who were ≥ 66 years old and eligible to use VA and Medicare between 1999 and 2001, were observed ...
PMID: Mol Nutr Food Res. 2014 Dec ;58(12):2274-85. Epub 2014 Oct 9. PMID: 25204550 Abstract Title: Carnosic acid suppresses colon tumor formation in association with antiadipogenic activity. Abstract: SCOPE: This study determined the efficacy of carnosic acid (CA) for suppressing colon carcinogenesis associated with excess adiposity.METHODS AND RESULTS: Cell growth regulation by CA was evaluated…
Yan and Polk investigated the effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) on cytokine-induced apoptosis in cultured human and mouse epithelial cells and showed that it promoted cell survival through interactions with both proapoptotic and antiapoptotic signaling pathways. Several species of Lactobacilli, bacteria used in the production of yogurt that can colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, are considered probiotics--microrganisms that benefit the health of the host. Data from humans and from animal models suggest that some Lactobacilli may modulate cytokine activity and help in treating inflammatory bowel disease; the underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear. The authors initiated apoptosis by treating young adult mouse colon (YAMC) cells stably transfected with dominant-negative kinase-inactive kinase suppressor of Ras (kiKSR) with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or by treating HT29 human colonic carcinoma cells with a cytokine mixture. Viable LGG bacteria inhibited apoptosis and ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Concomitant supplementation of lycopene and eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits the proliferation of human colon cancer cells. AU - Tang, Feng Yao. AU - Cho, Hsin Ju. AU - Pai, Man Hui. AU - Chen, Ye Hsin. PY - 2009/6. Y1 - 2009/6. N2 - Several studies indicated that people who live in the Mediterranean region have very low rates of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. It is well known that Mediterranean-style diet is rich in vegetables, tomato, fruit, fish and olive oil. These important dietary components may contribute to lower risk of cancer. Lycopene, a major component in tomato, exhibited potential anticarcinogenic activity. Previous studies showed that consumption of fish containing eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) correlated with reduced risk of cancer. However, the combined effects of lycopene and EPA on the proliferation of human colon cancer have not been studied well yet. Thus, we investigated the anticancer properties and therapeutic potential of lycopene ...
Though research into using aspirin to prevent cancer and heart disease has been ongoing for many years, a recently published study found that daily aspirin use may help to reduce the overall chances of mortality in colon cancer patients. The ten-year study, conducted in Holland, showed that colon cancer patients could reduce their chances of dying by as much as 33 percent by taking 80mg of aspirin every day for at least 9 months.. Life-saving Potential. Though aspirin should not be used in lieu of other treatments for colon cancer, this is the first time the over-the-counter medicine has come into discussion as a potentially useful drug for complementing other cancer treatment procedures. Aspirin is by no means a treatment of cancer in and of itself.. A Few Caveats. More research is needed before experts can definitively recommend daily aspirin use to all older patients of colon cancer. The studys results do not conclusively prove that aspirin use has any direct impact on the reduction of ...
Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands of cancer-related genes is among the earliest and most frequent alterations in cancerogenesis and might be of value for either diagnosing cancer or evaluating recurrent disease. This mechanism usually leads to inactivation of tumour-suppressor genes. We have designed the current study to validate our previous microarray data and to identify novel hypermethylated gene promoters. The validation assay was performed in a different set of 8 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by means quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. The differential RNA expression profiles of three CRC cell lines before and after 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine treatment were compared to identify the hypermethylated genes. The DNA methylation status of these genes was evaluated by means of bisulphite genomic sequencing and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in the 3 cell lines and in tumour tissues from 30 patients with CRC. Data from our previous
Aberrant DNA methylation of CpG islands of cancer-related genes is among the earliest and most frequent alterations in cancerogenesis and might be of value for either diagnosing cancer or evaluating recurrent disease. This mechanism usually leads to inactivation of tumour-suppressor genes. We have designed the current study to validate our previous microarray data and to identify novel hypermethylated gene promoters. The validation assay was performed in a different set of 8 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) by means quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis. The differential RNA expression profiles of three CRC cell lines before and after 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine treatment were compared to identify the hypermethylated genes. The DNA methylation status of these genes was evaluated by means of bisulphite genomic sequencing and methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) in the 3 cell lines and in tumour tissues from 30 patients with CRC. Data from our previous
TY - JOUR. T1 - Visualization and targeting of LGR5 + human colon cancer stem cells. AU - Shimokawa, Mariko. AU - Ohta, Yuki. AU - Nishikori, Shingo. AU - Matano, Mami. AU - Takano, Ai. AU - Fujii, Masayuki. AU - Date, Shoichi. AU - Sugimoto, Shinya. AU - Kanai, Takanori. AU - Sato, Toshiro. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. Copyright: Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2017/5/11. Y1 - 2017/5/11. N2 - The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory highlights a self-renewing subpopulation of cancer cells that fuels tumour growth. The existence of human CSCs is mainly supported by xenotransplantation of prospectively isolated cells, but their clonal dynamics and plasticity remain unclear. Here, we show that human LGR5 + colorectal cancer cells serve as CSCs in growing cancer tissues. Lineage-tracing experiments with a tamoxifen-inducible Cre knock-in allele of LGR5 reveal the self-renewal and differentiation ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Quality of care along the cancer continuum. T2 - Does receiving adequate lymph node evaluation for colon cancer lead to comprehensive postsurgical care?. AU - Parsons, Helen M.. AU - Tuttle, Todd M.. AU - Kuntz, Karen M.. AU - Begun, James W.. AU - McGovern, Patricia M.. AU - Virnig, Beth A.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2012/9. Y1 - 2012/9. N2 - Among surgically treated patients with colon cancer, lower long-term mortality has been demonstrated in those with 12 or more lymph nodes evaluated. We examined whether patients receiving adequate lymph node evaluation were also more likely to receive comprehensive postsurgical care, leading to lower mortality. We used the 1992 to 2007 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare data to identify surgically treated American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III colon cancer patients. We used chi-square analyses and logistic regression to evaluate the association between ...
The International Duration Evaluation of Adjuvant chemotherapy (IDEA) collaboration found evidence to support the noninferiority of 3 versus 6 months oxaliplatin-based adjuvant therapy for capecitabine plus oxaliplatin for patients with stage III colon cancer.
TY - JOUR. T1 - Does mutated K-RAS oncogene attenuate the effect of sulindac in colon cancer chemoprevention?. AU - Rice, Photini F.S.. AU - Ehrichs, Kevin G.. AU - Jones, Mykella S.. AU - Chen, Hwudarw. AU - Hsu, Chiu Hsieh. AU - Abril, Edward R.. AU - Nagle, Raymond B.. AU - Besselsen, David G.. AU - Barton, Jennifer K.. AU - Ignatenko, Natalia A.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 American Association for Cancer Research. Copyright: Copyright 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2018/1. Y1 - 2018/1. N2 - The NSAID sulindac has been successfully used alone or in combination with other agents to suppress colon tumorigenesis in patients with genetic predisposition and also showed its efficacy in prevention of sporadic colon adenomas. At the same time, some experimental and clinical reports suggest that a mutant K-RAS oncogene may negate sulindac antitumor efficacy. To directly assess sulindac activity at suppressing premalignant lesions carrying K-RAS mutation, we utilized a novel ...
Bovine colostrum is well known for its beneficial properties on health and development. It contains a wide variety of bioactive ingredients that are known to promote a number of cellular processes. Therefore the use of colostrum whey as a feed additive to promote intestinal health has been proposed, yet little is known about mechanisms implicated in its beneficial properties on intestinal epithelial cells. In the present paper, casein were removed from bovine colostrum and the remaining liquid, rich in bioactive compounds, was evaluated for its capacity to modulate cellular processes in porcine intestinal epithelial cell line IPEC-J2 and human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2/15. First, we verified the effect of colostrum whey and cheese whey on processes involved in intestinal wound healing, including cell proliferation, attachment, morphology and migration. Our results showed that colostrum whey promoted proliferation and migration, and decreased specifically the attachment of Caco-2/15 ...
0005] However, most colon cancers do not show any symptom during early stage of colon cancer, and in the case in which some symptom appears due to colon cancer, generally, colon cancer has already significantly progressed. The reason is that in the early stage of colon cancer, a size of cancer is small and no symptoms appear, but in the case in which the cancer grows and the size thereof becomes large, the cancer blocks the stool from passing in the large intestine, bleeding occurs in the growing colon cancer, and secretion is secreted from the surface of colon cancer. As a colon cancer screening test currently used, there are a fecal occult blood test, a tumor marker test, a barium enema, a colonoscopy, a computed tomography (CT), an abdomen ultrasonography, a transrectal ultrasonography, and a sigmoidoscopy test, but these tests have several limitations in the early diagnosis. Considering that a survival rate for stage 1 is 90% or more but a survival rate for stage 4 in which the cancer has ...
Are you trying to find out what causes colon cancer? You will be interested to know that a lot of research has gone to this subject. They havent come up with any one thing that can cause colon cancer, but they have identified several things that they think can cause it. Colon cancer is common in America. By the age of 50, one in four people will have developed polyps in the colon. These polyps may or may not turn into cancer. Doctor Otto Warburg, a Nobel prize winner in the first half of the twentieth century, believed that a low level of oxygen in the colon is the primary cause of colon cancer and that the presence of polyps in the colon may be a secondary cause.. There are various risk factors that can increase your chances for developing colon cancer. Genetics may be a major factor in what causes colon cancer. They have discovered that about 25% of all colon cancer patients have some kind of genetic link to this disease. Mutations leading to familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and ...
In this study, we demonstrated that the TcdA of C. difficile induces TGF-β1 mRNA expression, both in mouse ileal loop tissue and in rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6), thus resulting in protein expression in ileal tissue. This effect was associated with increased expression of TGFRII as well as phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of SMAD2/3, a hallmark of TGF-β1 signaling activation. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that TcdA induces activation of the TGF-β1 pathway through canonical SMAD signaling. Accordingly, it was previously demonstrated that previous exposure to low concentrations of TcdA (,10 ng/ml) also induced expression of TGF-β1 by T84 cells, a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (24). The present report adds new insight about the intracellular mechanism of activation of the TGF-β1 pathway in a nontransformed rat small intestinal epithelial cell line with characteristics of crypt epithelial cells and demonstrates that this cytokine is also expressed and ...
Among the multiple cellular effects mediated by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), the effect on cell proliferation has extensively been investigated. A recent study showed that LPA-mediated proliferation of colon cancer cells requires activation of β-catenin. However, the majority of colon cancer cells have deregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. This prompted us to hypothesize the presence of additional pathway(s) activated by LPA resulting in an increase in the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a transcriptional factor highly expressed in the crypt compartment of the intestinal epithelium. In this work, we investigated a role of KLF5 in LPA-mediated proliferation. We show that LPA stimulated the expression levels of KLF5 mRNA and protein in colon cancer cells and this stimulation was mediated by LPA2 and LPA3. Silencing of KLF5 expression by small interfering RNA significantly attenuated LPA-mediated proliferation of SW480 and HCT116 cells. LPA-mediated KLF5 ...
Colon Polyps A colon polyp is a growth of extra tissue in the lining of the rectum or colon. While some can be cancerous, most are not. However, almost all colon cancer does begin as a polyp. Therefore, by removing polyps early, the chances of it growing into colon cancer are eliminated. People with a higher risk for developing polyps are anyone over age 50, those who have had polyps previously or those who have a family history of polyps or colon cancer. However you can still be at risk for polyps or colon cancer without having a family history of either condition. In fact, 80 percent of those who are diagnosed with colon cancer have no family history. Polyps generally do not cause symptoms. If a patient does have symptoms, they can include blood in their underwear or on toilet paper after a bowel movement, blood in stool, or constipation or diarrhea that has lasted more than a week. Polyps can be removed during a colonoscopy. If precancerous colon polyps are removed, the chance of the polyp ...
Colon Polyps A colon polyp is a growth of extra tissue in the lining of the rectum or colon. While some can be cancerous, most are not. However, almost all colon cancer does begin as a polyp. Therefore, by removing polyps early, the chances of it growing into colon cancer are eliminated. People with a higher risk for developing polyps are anyone over age 50, those who have had polyps previously or those who have a family history of polyps or colon cancer. However you can still be at risk for polyps or colon cancer without having a family history of either condition. In fact, 80 percent of those who are diagnosed with colon cancer have no family history. Polyps generally do not cause symptoms. If a patient does have symptoms, they can include blood in their underwear or on toilet paper after a bowel movement, blood in stool, or constipation or diarrhea that has lasted more than a week. Polyps can be removed during a colonoscopy. If precancerous colon polyps are removed, the chance of the polyp ...
Researchers tracked 1,300 patients with colon cancer over 12 years. Those who started taking aspirin after their diagnosis had a 47% lower risk of dying from the disease than non-users. Aspirin was most effective against the type of colon cancer tumor that overproduces the COX-2 enzyme. This study was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, August 2009. See your doctor since there is a potential for side effects from taking aspirin.. ...
Distant metastases from colon cancer spread most frequently to the liver and the lung. Risk factors include positive lymph nodes and high grade tumors. Isolated metastases to the appendicular skeleton are very rare, particularly in the absence of identifiable risk factors. The patient was a 55 year old male with no previous personal or family history of colon cancer. Routine screening revealed a sigmoid adenocarcinoma. He underwent resection with primary anastomosis and was found to have Stage IIA colon cancer. He declined chemotherapy as part of a clinical trial, and eight months later was found to have an isolated metastasis in his right scapula. This was treated medically, but grew to 12 × 15 cm. The patient underwent a curative forequarter amputation and is now more than four years from his original colon surgery. Stage IIA colon cancers are associated with a high five year survival rate, and chemotherapy is not automatically given. If metastases occur, they are likely to arise from local
The antiapoptotic factor Livin has been considered critical for tumor progression and poor prognosis for variant types of tumors. However, there are only limited reports regarding its expression and biological functions in colon cancer. Here, we examined Livin expression in four colon cancer cell lines (HCT116, RKO, KM12C, and SW620) in the presence or absence of cisplatin that was used as a model reagent. We found the different response to cisplatin was related to endogenous Livin expression level. From among a panel of apoptosis-related factors (p53, Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, BAX, and survivin), the expression of Livin was upregulated after cisplatin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Both immunocytochemistry and nuclear cytoplasmic fractionation indicated Livin remained in the cytoplasm after treatment with cisplatin. In an attempt to explore the mechanism, we found the elevated expression of Livin was not due to the decreased degradation by proteosome but was enhanced at the mRNA level. Besides, ...
The researchers found that high intake of red and processed meat reported in 1992/1993 was associated with higher risk of colon cancer after adjusting for age and energy intake but not after further adjustment for body mass index, cigarette smoking, and other covariates. When long-term consumption was considered, persons in the highest tertile of consumption in both 1982 and 1992/1993 had a 50 percent higher risk of distal colon cancer (a section of the colon near the rectum) associated with processed meat, and those persons with the highest ratio of red meat-to-poultry and fish had a 53 percent increased risk of distal colon cancer, relative to those persons in the lowest tertile at both time points. Long-term consumption of poultry and fish was inversely associated with risk of both proximal and distal colon cancer. High consumption of red meat reported in 1992/1993 was associated with a 71 percent higher risk of rectal cancer, as was high consumption reported in both 1982 and 1992/1993 (43 ...
We determined the efficacy of HB21(Fv)PE40, a single-chain immunotoxin made by fusing the variable regions of a monoclonal antibody directed at the human transferrin receptor (TfR) with a truncated mutant of Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE), against metastatic human colon carcinoma KM12L4 cells growing in the liver or subcutis of nude mice. Organ-specific modulation of TfR expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry using anti-human CD71 antibody. KM12L4 cells expressed human TfR and were lysed in vitro by HB21(Fv)PE40 but not LMB-7 (a control immunotoxin specific for a Lewis Y-related carbohydrate antigen). KM12L4 cells growing in the liver expressed higher levels of TfR than cells growing s.c. Systemic administration of HB21(Fv)PE40 eliminated KM12L4 liver metastasis, whereas administration of LMB-7 did not. Treatment of mice with HB21(Fv)PE40 only delayed the growth of s.c. tumors. KM12L4 cells recovered from liver metastases, expressed higher levels of TfR, and were more ...
Although a previous report from a study of colon cancer suggested that the Val511Ala polymorphism had an effect on colon cancer risk comparable in magnitude (OR ≈ 0.6) to the protective effect that has been reported consistently for aspirin and other NSAIDs, our results showed no association between this polymorphism and breast cancer. We also found no evidence suggesting that the Val511Ala polymorphism modified the relationship between NSAID use and breast cancer; ORs ,1 were observed for NSAID users regardless of genotype. This suggests that the role of COX2 may be different in breast cancer than colon cancer, a notion that is supported by data on NSAID use and breast cancer. Although most epidemiologic studies (3, 7-10) have reported inverse associations between NSAID use and breast cancer, the body of literature is less consistent than it is for colon cancer and the magnitude of the associations with aspirin/NSAID use have tended to be weaker than those reported for colon cancer.. The ...
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting mankind - 6% of the U.S. population will develop colorectal cancer at some point in their lives. The mechanisms which lead to the transformation of a normal cell to a cancerous cell (the adenoma-to-carcinoma sequence) is caused by mutations or disturbances to a cells genetic code. A series of chance mutations within a given cell can transform it from a normal, functioning cell to a cell that has lost its function and regulated interaction with its neighboring cells, thereby, becoming a cancer.. The majority over 70% of cancers occur in a sporadic fashion due to a series of these chance mutations and are, therefore, not an inherited cancer. Sporadic colon cancer usually occurs later in life (,60 years old) among people without other affected family members.. Familial Colorectal Cancer: However, up to a third of colon cancer cases exhibit a moderate form of inheritance. There are certain families in which colorectal cancer occurs ...
March is Colon Cancer Awareness Month. Throughout the month of March, we collaborate with StopColonCancerNow.com to raise awareness for colon cancer by encouraging at-risk patients to prevent colon cancer by completing or scheduling a colonoscopy.. You may be wondering when to schedule your first colonoscopy, and it might be sooner than you think. In May 2018, the American Cancer Society revised the recommended age for a first-time colon cancer screening to 45, due to an increased incidence of the disease among people under age 55.. Click here to see why a colonoscopy is the best method when screening for colon cancer. You can also visit StopColonCancerNow.com to see if you qualify for a free or reduced-cost screening.. Throughout both Colon Cancer Awareness Month and the rest of the year, StopColonCancerNow.com provides the latest news, information and resources about colon cancer screening and prevention.. ...
Results A single bout of exercise increased the expression and secretion of SPARC in skeletal muscle in both mice and humans. In addition, in an azoxymethane-induced colon cancer mouse model, regular low-intensity exercise significantly reduced the formation of aberrant crypt foci in wild-type mice but not in SPARC-null mice. Furthermore, regular exercise enhanced apoptosis in colon mucosal cells and increased the cleaved forms of caspase-3 and caspase-8 in wild-type mice but not in SPARC-null mice. Culture experiments showed that SPARC secretion from myocytes was induced by cyclic stretch and inhibited proliferation with apoptotic effect of colon cancer cells.. ...
KU-Wichita Gastroenterology provides colonoscopy screenings for patients across Kansas. Click here to learn more or schedule an appointment.
Anti-oxidative and Anti-cancer Activities of Treculia africana Extract in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma HT29 Cells - Anti-cancer;anti-oxidative;apoptosis;caspase;Treculia africana;
Principal investigator Dr. John Dick has commented, This is the first step toward clinically applying the principles of cancer stem cell biology to control cancer growth and advance the development of durable cures. Dr Dick was a pioneer in cancer stem cell research when he first identified leukemia stem cells in 1994 and colon cancer stem cells in 2007. He has also isolated a human blood stem cell in a pure form which as a single stem cell has the capacity to regenerate the entire blood system. This opened the door for the clinical use of stem cells.. These researchers first studied a replication of human colon cancer in mice. Their goal was to determine if specifically targeting the stem cells had any clinical relevance. Initially the researchers identified that the gene BMI-1 is the primary regulator of colon cancer stem cells which drives the cycle of self-renewal, proliferation and cell survival. BMI-1 has already been implicated in maintaining stem cells in other types of cancer. Than ...
Licorice and its components have been reported to posses various anti-tumor activities, but its active ingredients and underlying mechanisms are not well understood yet. In the present study, a group of representative licorice-derived compounds that could be detected in rat plasma or urine were screened for anti-tumor activity. Among these compounds, isoangustone A (IAA) was found to promptly Inhibit the viability of SW480 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Further analyses indicate that IAA activated caspase-dependent pro-apoptotic signaling and induced significant apoptosis, while had little effect on cell cycle. IAA strongly inhibited Akt phosphorylation within 5 min; however, overexpression of constitutively activated Akt could not rescue IAA-mediated inhibition, indicating that inhibition of Akt was not involved in IAA-induced apoptosis. Further examinations show that IAA induced dissipation of mitochondria membrane potential and release of ...