Understanding emerging viruses is critical for disease monitoring and prediction; however, surveys of novel viruses are hindered by the lack of a universal assay for viruses. Viral metagenomics, consisting of viral particle purification and shotgun sequencing, is a powerful technique for discovering viruses in a wide variety of sample types. However, current protocols are not effective on tissue samples (e.g., lungs, livers and tumors), where they are hindered by the high amount of host nucleic acids which limits the percentage of sequences that originate from viruses. In this dissertation, a modified viral metagenomics protocol was developed and utilized to effectively purify viruses from tissues, enabling the sequencing of novel viruses from animals, plants, and insect vectors. Viral metagenomics performed directly on tissue samples enabled the discovery of novel vertebrate, plant, insect and bacterial viruses. From a sea turtle fibropapilloma, viral metagenomics revealed a novel tornovirus STTV1,

BACKGROUND: One of the most important global pathogens infecting all age groups is Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus). Pneumococci reside in the paediatric nasopharynx, where they compete for space and resources, and one competition strategy is to produce a bacteriocin (antimicrobial peptide or protein) to attack other bacteria and an immunity protein to protect against self-destruction. We analysed a collection of 336 diverse pneumococcal genomes dating from 1916 onwards, identified bacteriocin cassettes, detailed their genetic composition and sequence diversity, and evaluated the data in the context of the pneumococcal population structure. RESULTS: We found that all genomes maintained a blp bacteriocin cassette and we identified several novel blp cassettes and genes. The composition of the bacteriocin/immunity region of the blp cassette was highly variable: one cassette possessed six bacteriocin genes and eight putative immunity genes, whereas another cassette had only one of each. Both

The first step to producing our specially designed enzymes was to change the wild-type gene that codes for Kumamolisin to code instead for variant enzymes with our desired amino acid substitutions. To do this, we designed mutagenic oligonucleotide primers that would anneal to the wild-type Kumamolisin gene and incorporate point mutations that, when expressed, would result in a variant of Kumamolisin with the desired amino acid shift. We isolated the single stranded DNA (ssDNA) of the sense strand of our gene by growing the vector harboring our gene in a uracil-N-glycosidase (UNG) and deoxyuracil triphosphate pyrophosphatase (DUT) deficient E. coli- strain. These cells thus did not have the ability to maintain thymine in their DNA, and so all Ts become replaced by Us in the DNA of these cells. We then harvested the ssDNA of the sense strand by infecting the cells with a bacteriophage that packages its own ssDNA genome, identified by length, and so in tandem also packaged our vector in single ...

Unbiased metagenomic sequencing holds significant potential as a diagnostic tool for the simultaneous detection of any previously genetically described viral nucleic acids in clinical samples. Viral genome sequences can also inform on likely phenotypes including drug susceptibility or neutralization …

Clin Infect Dis. ……A Ugandan child with an unexplained encephalitis was investigated using viral metagenomics…… The virus was named Ntwetwe virus, after the hometown of the patient…... ...

The pGLO plasmid is a small circular piece of DNA that contains the gene to produce green fluorescent protein in the model organism. Within the pGLO plasmid, the gene that codes for GFP is typically...

Animal circoviruses belong to the Circovirus genus of the Circoviridae family. Nowadays, only swine and birds were identified as circovirus hosts. Circoviruses have a single-stranded circular genome of approximately 2000 nucleotide long. DNA of these viruses possesses : (i) a nonanucleotide sequence essential for replication, flanked by inverted repeat sequences, a palindrome that has the potential to form a stem-loop structure and (ii) two major ORFs, located on the viral and complementary strands, which encode respectively the replication-associated protein (Rep) and the capsid protein (Cap). All the circoviruses described at the present time, except porcine circovirus of type 1, are associated with immunosuppressive or immunodepressive diseases. Histopathological lesions such as cytoplasmic inclusions of virus in histiocytic cells and T and B lymphocyte depletion in lymphoid organs, are commonly noticed. No medical prophylaxis of circovirus infections is currently available.. ...

The Duck circovirus (DuCV) is a type of virus found in ducks. Strains of the virus have predominantly been found in China, though strains have also been isolated from ducks in Germany and the United States. Duck circovirus is a small nonenveloped virus with a monomeric single-stranded circular DNA genome. DuCV has been clustered in the Circoviridae family genus Circovirus, according to the eighth report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Scientists have studied the Duck circovirus by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods and dot blot hybridisation (DBH) tests. Infection with DuCV appears to cause growth disorders in ducks as well as eventual immunosuppression due to depletion of lymphatic cells. It was found that ducks between the ages of 40∼60 days were more susceptible to Duck circovirus. There was no evidence showing that the DuCV virus was capable of vertical transmission. The symptoms are immunosuppression, stunting in growth, and also feather ...

It is with great pleasure that we announce the publication of the volume A key to the larvae of Italian species of Dragonflies (Odonata) by G. Carchini, released in Italian and English.. In this edition a new key for the Italian dragonfly larvae is presented, previously published in 1983. The reason that justified this new edition is the opportunity to: include some species newly present in the Italian odonate fauna; to critically consider the publications published in the meantime; finally, to correct some imperfections, to be attributed to the inexperience of the then young author. In the new key 86 species are considered, of which six not present in the edition of 1983; additionally, for four further species characters useful for determination have been given. New characters have been added, also based on the color, in vivo, and aided by some color photographs. The volume is on sale for 10€, plus delivery costs.. For Odonata.it members the price is 5€, plus delivery costs.. Odonata.it ...

ABSTRACT Hong Kong Med J 2001;7:124-30 | Number 2, June 2001 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Biliary tract disease and acute non-A-E hepatitis in Hong Kong: prospective study TN Chau, JJY Sung, CP Kwan, C Ng, JY Lai

Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapeutic drug for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and emerging evidences suggests that targeting circular RNAs (circRNAs) is an effective strategy to increase cisplatin-sensitivity in NSCLC, but the detailed mechanisms are still not fully delineated. Cell proliferation, viability and apoptosis were examined by using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, trypan blue staining assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assay, respectively. The expression levels of cancer associated genes were measured by using the Real-Time qPCR and Western Blot analysis at transcriptional and translated levels. Dual-luciferase reporter gene system assay was conducted to validated the targeting sites among hsa_circRNA_103809, miR-377-3p and 3′ untranslated region (3UTR) of GOT1 mRNA. The expression status, including expression levels and localization, were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay in mice tumor tissues. Here we identified a novel hsa_circRNA_103809/miR-377

Discover Lifes page about the biology, natural history, ecology, identification and distribution of Odonata - Damselflies, Dragonflies, Anisoptera, Zygoptera, Dragonflies and Damselflies -- Discover Life

Finden Sie alle Bücher von Ris, F. 1867-1931 - The Odonata or Dragonflies of South Africa. Bei der Büchersuchmaschine eurobuch.com können Sie antiquarische und Neubücher VERGLEICHEN UND SOFORT zum Bestpreis bestellen. 1149487917

The Dragonfly Weather Vane, Odonata Anisoptera, in this image consists of an all copper dragonfly and arrow with brass reeds and optional gold leafed marsh flowers. A popular option is to add gold leaf to the spots on the dragonflys

Novel circular vectors containing a recplicable DNA sequence and DNA sequences encoding all or part of at least two distinct parental polypeptides are disclosed. Such vectors are used in novel processes utilizing in vivo recombination to produce recombined circular vectors containing said replicable DNA sequences and hybrid DNA sequences comprising: (1) a first DNA sequence encoding the amino-terminal portion of a hybrid polypeptide corresponding to a first part of a first parental polypeptide sequence and (2) a second DNA sequence encoding a carboxy-terminal portion of said hybrid polypeptide corresponding to a first part of a second parental polypeptide sequence. The hybrid DNA sequences of such recombined circular vectors can exprress novel hybrid polypeptides such as hybrid enzymes in general and in particular hybrid amylases and proteases. Various other processes are disclosed to isolate the recombined circular vector containing said hybrid DNA sequences.

The purpose of the Wisconsin Odonata Survey is to gain more knowledge about the distributions and habitat requirements of Wisconsins 160+ species of dragonflies and damselflies

The purpose of the Wisconsin Odonata Survey is to gain more knowledge about the distributions and habitat requirements of Wisconsins 160+ species of dragonflies and damselflies

Read DNA-binding specificity determinants of replication proteins encoded by eukaryotic ssDNA viruses are adjacent to widely separated RCR conserved motifs, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

The field of metagenomics has developed insight into many of the complex microbial communities responsible for maintaining life on this planet. Sequencing efforts often uncover novel genetic content; this is most evident for viral metagenomics, in which upwards of 90% of all sequences demonstrate no sequence similarity with present databases. For the small fraction which can be identified, the top BLAST hit is often posited as being representative of the phage taxon. However, as previous research has shown, the top BLAST hit is sometimes misinterpreted. Furthermore, the appearance of a particular gene homolog is frequently not representative of the presence of the particular taxon in question. To circumvent these limitations, we have developed a new method for the analysis of metaviromic datasets. BLAST hits are weighted, integrating the sequence identity and length of alignments as well as a phylogenetic signal. A genic rather than genomic approach is presented in which each gene is evaluated ...

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P1: This tip is a large opened circle. You can create a swirl like we did below or you can make small circular dots with the tip. P2: This is also a star tip, however, it has a very wide diameter center. It is one of the largest tips in the entire set, so it will be easy to find. It was used to create this layered petal look, but you can also create a giant swirl. This tip is great if you are decorating jumbo cupcakes.. P3: This tip is a five point star, however, it is larger and the star part of the tip is slanted, creating a rose-like, flower effect. It was used to create a swirl. This is a great design to add a leaf too, using the leaf piping tip.. P4: This tip is an eight point star, and was used to make several little star dots. This would also make for a beautiful multi-lined swirled, do to the 8 points the piping tip has.. P5: This is another five point star, however, it is much slimmer and not slanted. This tip was used to create a swirl.. ...

in the midst of a small circular patio install. the owner only wanted this patio for his high dollar telescope :hammerhead: [ATTACH]

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Nanoviridae. Banana bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a single-stranded DNA virus called the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV). It was first identified in Fiji in 1891, and has spread around the world since then. Like many viruses, BBTV was named after the symptoms seen, where the infected plants are stunted and have bunchy leaves at the top. The disease is transmitted from plant-to-plant in tropical regions of the world by banana aphids, which can also feed on Heliconia and flowering ginger (from the Zingiberaceae family), which is an important factor in control of the disease. There are no resistant varieties, so controlling the spread by vectors and plant materials are the only management methods. Symptoms include spotting any deformed plant appearance. Banana bunchy top disease affects the banana fruit and foliage, and is caused by a single-strand DNA virus, the banana bunchy top virus. BBTV can infect species of ...

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Porcine circoviruses are small, icosahedral viruses that were discovered in 1974 as contaminants of a porcine kidney cell line. They were later called circoviruses when their genome was found to be a circular, single-stranded DNA molecule. Upon entry into cells, the viral ssDNA genome enters the nucleus where it is made double-stranded by host enzymes. It is then transcribed by host RNA polymerase II to form mRNAs that are translated into viral proteins. There is some evidence that circoviruses might have evolved from a plant virus that switched hosts and then recombined with a picorna-like virus.. Porcine circoviruses are classified in the Circoviridae family, which contains two genera, Circovirus and Gyrovirus. There are two porcine circoviruses, PCV-1 and PCV-2; only the latter causes disease in pigs. Infection probably occurs via oral and respiratory routes, and leads to various diseases including postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, and porcine dermatitis and ...

Baltimore Classification== ===Higher order taxa=== Viruses; ssDNA viruses; Circoviridae; Circovirus ===Species=== Beak and feather disease virus, Canary circovirus, Goose circovirus ==Description and Significance== Circoviruses are very small non-enveloped icosahedral viruses with a single stranded circular DNA genome. They have been described in pigs (porcine circovirus, PCV), chickens (chicken anemia virua, ChAV), psittacines (psittacine beak and feather disease virus, PBFD) and pigeons. The virus targets the lymphoid tissue and causes immunosuppression in the host. Circoviruses are the smallest pathogenic DNA viruses that have been identified and characterized in animals. ==Genome Structure== The genome of the circovirus is monomeric. It is unsegmented and contains a single molecule of circular, ambisense, sinle-stranded DNA that forms a covalently closed circle. The complete genome is 1800-2000 nucleotides long and the genome has a guanine+cytosine content of 48.4-53.1 %. (source: ...

Emerging viral infections can be identified by using a viral metagenomics approach for clinical human material. Diarrhea samples of patients with unexplained gastroenteritis from the Netherlands were analyzed by using viral metagenomics. Novel circular DNA viruses, bufaviruses, and genogroup III picobirnaviruses were identified. These data expand our knowledge of the human virome.

Dragonflies (Odonata) are one of the ancestral groups of extant insects. They represent one of the three most basal branches in the phylogeny of winged insects. The other two groups are the Ephemeroptera, mayflies, and Neoptera, the latter which covers the remaining winged insects. The first paper is about the phylogenetic position of Odonata in relation to the other basal insect clades using 18S and 28S rDNA sequences. It was demonstrated that there are under certain parameters a strong statistical support for a sister-group relationship between Odonata and Neoptera forming the group Palaeoptera. The second paper is about the phylogeny of the Holarctic dragonfly Leucorrhinia. Dragonfly larvae are frequently equipped with spines on the abdomen, with great variation in spinyness between species. From an analysis of sequences of ITS and 5.8S rDNA it was found that spines have been lost at least twice in Leucorrhinia, in the European L. rubicunda and again in a clade of North American species. The ...

Crop diseases have always been one of the main combatants in the war between farmers and nature. Regardless of the source, whether viral, bacterial, fungal, or other, diseases that affect plant health, growth, and production have devastated every type of crop ever grown. It has only been through strenuous effort that farmers have fought back […]. ...

AudioQuest DragonFly Red - un DAC portabil ce poate fi folosit inclusiv cu iPhone / iPod / iPadCu modelele DAC AudioQuest DragonFly Red și Black, orice computer, laptop, tabletă sau smartphone poate fi folosit ca un adevărat player de muzică de mare fidelitate. Acesta permite oricăror iubitori de muzică să se bucure de un sunet frumos oriunde s-ar duce, oricând doresc.Generația următoare − modelul DAC Audioquest DragonFly Red și DragonFly BlackÎn timp ce originalul DragonFly a defi

Naiads will molt nine to 17 times before becoming adults (Corbet 1999). The number of generations per year depends on the species of odonate. Species at higher altitudes or in dry environments usually have one generation per year while those in tropical habitats may undergo multiple generations per year depending on the availability of appropriate habitats. When naiads are ready for their final molt they leave the water and crawl onto the bank or vegetation where they will molt into adults. Much like a caterpillar emerging from a chrysalis, they need to pump up their wings and allow their bodies to harden before they can be effective fliers. A newly emerged odonate is teneral (soft). A teneral dragonfly has glossy wings and the colors on the body are often pale. Several days after emerging and hardening completely, a dragonfly will have taken on the colors of an adult dragonfly. Adults: Identifying males and females is not difficult. Males will have what appears to be a pouch on the second and ...

Effects of marginal vegetation removal on Odonata communities. Efeitos da retirada da vegetação marginal sobre a comunidade de Odonata. Fernando Geraldo de CarvalhoI; Nelson Silva PintoII; José Max Barbosa de Oliveira JúniorIII; Leandro JuenIV. ICurso de Especialização em Perícia Ambiental, Pontífica Universidade Católica de Goiás - PUC Goiás, Av. Universitária, 1069, Área 4, Bloco A, Campus I, Setor Universitário, CEP 74605-010, Goiânia, GO, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] IIPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás - UFG, CEP 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] IIIPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade do Estado do Mato Grosso - UNEMAT, CEP 78690-000, Nova Xavantina, MT, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] IVInstituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará - UFPA, Rua Augusto Correia, 1, Bairro Guama, CEP 66075-110, ...

Dragonfly suncatcher (about 3 inch diameter) made by hand from 100% post-consumer bottle glass at our non-profit community recycling center. Hang one in your window and let the sunlight sparkle through! The Dragonfly suncatcher is the smaller size, approximately 3 - 3.25 inches in diameter, and is

Keywords: Airway epithelial civilizations, influenzavirus B, respiratory infections, VIDISCA-454, trojan discovery Launch The breakthrough of new viruses has been boosted in the last decade by high-throughput sequencing methods. These techniques can generate tens of thousands of sequence reads directly from a medical sample, and sequence alignment tools consequently can reveal the presence of previously unfamiliar viruses. The main limitation of these viral metagenomics techniques is that the detection of sequence reads derived from a viral genome does not necessarily indicate the disease is definitely pathogenic, in the absence of info on phenotypic properties such as infectivity, cell tropism, and the ability to induce the immune system.1 Once a new disease is identified, the fulfillment of Kochs postulates is needed to establish the part of the disease in disease. A disease tradition stage is definitely therefore needed to obtain relatively genuine disease shares for inoculation in an animal ...

Abundant bioinformatics resources are available for the study of complex microbial metagenomes, however their utility in viral metagenomics is limited. HoloVir is a robust and flexible data analysis pipeline that provides an optimized and validated workflow for taxonomic and functional characterization of viral metagenomes derived from invertebrate holobionts. Simulated viral metagenomes comprising varying levels of viral diversity and abundance were used to determine the optimal assembly and gene prediction strategy, and multiple sequence assembly methods and gene prediction tools were tested in order to optimize our analysis workflow. HoloVir performs pairwise comparisons of single read and predicted gene datasets against the viral RefSeq database to assign taxonomy and additional comparison to phage-specific and cellular markers is undertaken to support the taxonomic assignments and identify potential cellular contamination. Broad functional classification of the predicted genes is provided ...

This classic Dragonfly Tiffany pendant light is inspired by early 20th century design, with an antique brass finish and hand-made Dragonfly Tiffany glass diffuser

Features The highly portable HP Elite Dragonfly features an elegant design and powerful security. Bring people together with AI-driven audio, a brilliant display and Wi-Fi 6 connectivity that provides a stunning collaboration experience. Ultralight and ready to impressThe HP Elite Dragonfly provides mobility beyond exp

Immunotherapy startup, Dragonfly Therapeutics bagged $33 million upfront in collaboration with the American biotech, Celgene. Dragonfly Therapeutics Funding

Rain long foretold takes a long time to pass; if it arrives on short notice, it soon will pass. For the folks I go out collecting with all hikes, digs and kayak trips are rain or shine. Safety is always top of mind and prepping for the weather is paramount. Keep yourself safe whatever part of the world you choose to explore. For forecasts of marine weather in Vancouver call 604.666.3655 or visit http://www.weatheroffice.com/ ...

This forum is for the reporting of sightings and discussion of the Dragonflies and Damselflies in California that will further the knowledge base of the Status, Distribution and understanding of Californias Dragonflies and Damselflies. A signature is requested at the end of every message, including name, location, and E-mail address. Postings should deal with the California region, including Baja California. Please report your sightings and observations, and ask your questions in your email, but post photos in the photos section, linked to on the left side of the screen. All new members are on a Moderated Status until their first posting, this is designed to stop spammers, so there may be a slight delay with your first post.

Dragonflies are not only beautiful insects, but also ferocious predators with sharp mandibles, nearly 360-degree vision, and the ability to fly backward.

Colour Pop Dragonfly is a moderately warm-toned, medium-dark taupe with a frost finish. It is a permanent eyeshadow that retails for $4.50 and contains 0.05 oz.

Dragonfly Healing Center provides a safe and nourishing environment in which women can deeply explore what it means to come into balance in their lives-emotionally, spiritually, and physically. It is designed especially for women who wish to be active and empowered participants in their whole health and well-being ...

Dragonflies and damselflies fly at bursts up to 35 mph, turn 180 degrees in a flash, jet straight up, fly backward, hover. Plus, beautiful and fascinating.

Se compararon, en términos de calidad del agua, la estructura del ensamblaje de larvas de odonatos y el grado de modificación de la vegetación ribereña...

Even brushing for two full minutes twice a day with the best toothbrush with the perfect bristle firmness wont do much for your teeth if your technique is off. Remember that youre brushing to get plaque and food particles out of the gumline, so hold your brush at a 45° angle to the gums and gently sweep the bristles in small circular motions. Do this at least 15 times in each area of the mouth, on the tongue side and outside of the teeth, and dont forget the chewing surfaces!. ...

Human mitochondria maintain a small circular DNA that encodes several subunits of the proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation as well as ribosomal and tr...

n. 1) a geometric element that has position but no extension 2) the precise location of something; a spatially limited location 3) a brief version of the essential meaning of something 4) an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole; detail; item 5) a specific identifiable position in a continuum or series or especially in a process; degree; level; stage 6) an instant of time; point in time 7) the object of an activity 8) a V shape; tip; peak 9) a distinct part that can be specified separately in a group of things that could be enumerated on a list; item 10) a very small circular shape; dot 11) the unit of counting in scoring a game or contest 12) a promontory extending out into a large body of water 13) a style in speech or writing that arrests attention and has a penetrating or convincing quality or effect 14) an outstanding characteristic; spot 15) sharp end 16) any of 32 horizontal directions indicated on the card of a compass; compass point 17) the dot at the left of a decimal

Plasmid is a small circular DNA molecule that is commonly found in bacteria. Plasmids often carry genes that are beneficial for bacterial survival.

I havent shared many Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies) images this year because I havent taken that many - Ive been concentrating mostly on other insect groups this summer ...

We play with the first radio-controlled flying ornithopter; thats kind of a mouthful, but basically it flies by flapping instead of using propellers as a main thrust. Its remarkably easy to use ...

776 $(SHELL) $(top_srcdir)/cf/install-catman.sh $(INSTALL_DATA) $(mkinstalldirs) $(srcdir) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir) $(CATMANEXT) $(man_MANS) $(man1_MANS) $(man3_MANS) $(man5_MANS) $(man8_MANS ...

Drinking? I think in the past 3 years I may have had 12 drinks total (and usually dont even finish them when I have them or if like a fruity thing (pina coloda) I have the drink and I add 1/4 to 1/2 shot of.... ...

The x86_64 upload of 2.13 packages is done; they should also work for 2.13 users, and 2.12 if you set PKG_PATH correctly. I am working on a separate x86_64/2.12/pkgsrc-2011Q3 bulk build, but I dont anticipate that turning out very differently ...

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Predictive attention analytics for marketing, design, content and insights teams.Improve content performance by understanding how design inf