TY - JOUR. T1 - Glycosaminoglycan/chitosan hydrogel for matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation. T2 - An in vitro study. AU - Fan, Fang Yu. AU - Chiu, Chien Chang. AU - Tseng, Ching Li. AU - Lee, Hsuan Shu. AU - Pan, Yung Ning. AU - Yang, Kai Chiang. PY - 2014. Y1 - 2014. N2 - Matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) is an effective treatment for full-thickness cartilage and osteochondral lesions with encouraging outcomes. However, problems include abnormal growth of chondrocytes during cultivation, cell dedifferentiation, and abnormally regenerated cartilage. A matrix that provides a physicochemical and biological microenvironment for restoring hypertrophic chondrocytes would be beneficial for MACI. Accordingly, this study evaluates the feasibility of using an injectable glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/chitosan hydrogel for MACI. Chitosan gel was prepared and GAGs (hyaluronan and chondroitin-6-sulfate) were added to fabricate a GAG/chitosan matrix. Porcine chondrocytes ...

This study was designed to investigate functionality of tetracycline‐loaded chitosan‐halloysite nanocomposite films, with focus on evaluating the influence of chitosan molar mass on films applicability for sustained local antibiotic delivery. The films were prepared by casting and solvent evaporation using low, medium, and high molar mass chitosan. SEM analysis revealed compact, nonporous and rough surface of the nanocomposite films due to the presence of halloysite agglomerates and tetracycline crystals. Increasing chitosan molar mass led to higher values of elongation at break (from 21.65 ± 2.65 to 34.48 ± 2.34%), tensile strength (from 134.8 ± 13.21 to 246.36 ± 14.69 MPa), and elastic modulus (from 633.79 ± 128.37 to 716.55 ± 60.76 MPa) of the nanocomposite films. FT‐IR, XRPD, and thermal analyses confirmed molar mass dependent chitosan‐halloysite interactions and improved thermal stability of the nanocomposite films in comparison with chitosan films. The nanocomposite films ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Preparation, characterization, and protein loading properties of N-acyl chitosan nanoparticles. AU - Cho, Youngjin. AU - Kim, Jun Tae. AU - Park, Hyun Jin. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2012 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2012/4/15. Y1 - 2012/4/15. N2 - Various N-acyl chitosans with propionyl-, hexanoyl-, nonanoyl-, lauroyl-, pentadecanoyl-, and stearoyl-groups were synthesized and self-aggregated N-acyl chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) were prepared by sonication. By the modification with N-acyl groups, CSNPs increased their hydrophobic character and changed its structural features to be more suitable as a delivery carrier. The mean diameters of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded N-acyl CSNPs ranged from 138 to 551 nm. Uniform particle size distribution of BSA-loaded N-acyl CSNPs was observed. The protein loading efficiency of N-acyl CSNPs was about 94-95% with lower BSA concentration (0.1 mg/mL) and not significantly different with acyl chain length. With higher BSA ...

Nanoparticle drug delivery (NDDS) is a novel system in which the drugs are delivered to the site of action by small particles in the nanometer range. Natural or synthetic polymers are used as vectors in NDDS, as they provide targeted, sustained release and biodegradability. Here, we used the chitosan and hepatoma cell-specific binding molecule, glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), to synthesize glycyrrhetinic acid-modified chitosan (GA-CTS). The synthetic product was confirmed by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). By combining GA-CTS and 5-FU (5-fluorouracil), we obtained a GA-CTS/5-FU nanoparticle, with a particle size of 217.2 nm, a drug loading of 1.56% and a polydispersity index of 0.003. The GA-CTS/5-FU nanoparticle provided a sustained release system comprising three distinct phases of quick, steady and slow release. We demonstrated that the nanoparticle accumulated in the liver. In vitro data indicated that it had a dose- and time-dependent anti

Chitosan sponges were developed for adjunctive local antibiotic delivery to reduce bacteria in wounds. There is a need to increase sponge degradation for rapid clearance from the wound site during initial wound care. This work examined the effect of using 0.25 M sodium acetate buffers, at pH 4.6 or 5.6, to fabricate sponges with an amorphous chitosan polymer structure. Sponges were evaluated for their crystallinity, thermal, spectroscopic, and morphological properties, in addition to in vitro degradation, and cytocompatibility analysis using normal human dermal fibroblasts. In vivo degradation and biocompatibility were also examined after 4 and 10 days in rat intramuscular tissues. Both buffered chitosan sponge variations exhibited decreases in crystallinity and thermal decomposition temperatures, and increases in surface roughness, which resulted in over 40% increases in degradation over 10 days in vitro compared to the neutral sponges. There were no significant differences between sponges ...

Figure 11: DSC thermograms of (a) DRZ loaded OCM-CSNPs, (b) Blank OCM-CSNPs, and (c) DRZ powder. Thermogram showed a shift in endotherm when DRZ was loaded showing a strong interaction of DRZ with OCM-CS. Abbreviations: OCM-CSNPs, 6-O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles; DRZ, dorzolamide hydrochloride; DSC, differential scanning calorimetry ...

The simultaneous and sequential dual elicitation effect on plumbagin production in Plumbago indica L. root cultures, revealed that combination of chitosan (150 mg L−1) with ʟ-alanine (5 mM) or methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MCD; 2 mM) significantly increased plumbagin production, but in the different treatment manners. The simultaneous treatment using chitosan + ʟ-alanine on a 14-day-old culture enhanced plumbagin production to 14.62 mg g−1 DW, while the sequential additions of MCD to a 12-day-old culture followed by chitosan after 48 h enhanced production of plumbagin to 14.33 mg g−1 DW. The plumbagin productivity from both treatments were up to 1.3- and 8-fold higher than the chitosan treated (10.93 mg g−1 DW) and untreated root cultures (1.76 mg g−1 DW). Moreover, the present studies provided new information on the effect of simultaneous and sequential elicitation on plumbagin-producing P. indica root cultures using chitosan in combinations with MCD or ʟ-alanine.

TY - JOUR. T1 - In-situ analysis of polyelectrolyte complexes by flow cytometry. AU - Strand, Anders. AU - Vähäsalo, L. AU - Ketola, A. AU - Salminen, K. AU - Retulainen, E. AU - Sundberg, Anna. N1 - 3pk. PY - 2018. Y1 - 2018. KW - Polyelectrolyte complex. KW - CMC. KW - Structural density. KW - Light scattering. KW - cationic starch. KW - Polyelectrolyte complex. KW - CMC. KW - Structural density. KW - Light scattering. KW - cationic starch. KW - Polyelectrolyte complex. KW - CMC. KW - Structural density. KW - Light scattering. KW - cationic starch. U2 - 10.1007/s10570-018-1832-1. DO - 10.1007/s10570-018-1832-1. M3 - Artikel. VL - 25. SP - 3781. EP - 3795. JO - Cellulose. JF - Cellulose. SN - 0969-0239. IS - 7. ER - ...

The main objective of this research was to investigate the effect of chitosan content and chemical modification with acetic acid on mechanical and thermal properties of PP/Chitosan. It was found that the tensile strength, elongation at break and crystallinity of untreated PP/Chitosan composites decreased with increasing filler content; however, Youngs modulus and thermal stability increased. The treated chitosan with acetic acid have improved the tensile strength and Youngs modulus of PP/Chitosan composites. The thermal analysis results show that chemical modified chitosan had increase thermal stability and crystallinity of treated PP/Chitosan composites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study of the tensile fracture surface of treated PP/Chitosan composites indicated that the presence of acetic acid increased the interfacial interaction between chitosan and polypropylene ...

High-Performance Ceramics IV: Physicochemical and Mechanical Properties of Composite of Chitosan Microspheres/Calcium Phosphate Cement

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) belongs to commodity polymer materials applied in biomedical applications due to its favorable mechanical and chemical properties. The main disadvantage of LDPE in biomedical applications is low resistance to bacterial infections. An antibacterial modification of LDPE appears to be a solution to this problem. In this paper, the chitosan and chitosan/pectin multilayer was immobilized via polyacrylic acid (PAA) brushes grafted on the LDPE surface. The grafting was initiated by a low-temperature plasma treatment of the LDPE surface. Surface and adhesive properties of the samples prepared were investigated by surface analysis techniques. An antibacterial effect was confirmed by inhibition zone measurements of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The chitosan treatment of LDPE led to the highest and most clear inhibition zones (35 mm ; 2 for E. coli and 275 mm ; 2 for S. aureus ...

Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in physiological processes, including vasodilatation, wound healing and antibacterial activities. As NO is a free radical, designing drugs to generate therapeutic amounts of NO in controlled spatial and time manners is still a challenge. In this study, the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) was incorporated into the thermoresponsive Pluronic F-127 (PL) - chitosan (CS) hydrogel, with an easy and economically feasible methodology. CS is a polysaccharide with known antimicrobial properties. Scanning electron microscopy, rheology and differential scanning calorimetry techniques were used for hydrogel characterization. The results demonstrated that the hydrogel has a smooth surface, thermoresponsive behavior and good mechanical stability. The kinetics of NO release and GSNO diffusion from GSNO-containing PL/CS hydrogel demonstrated a sustained NO/GSNO release, in concentrations suitable for biomedical applications. The GSNO-PL/CS hydrogel demonstrated a concentration-dependent

It will be a requirement for the formation of a stoma or ileostomy, Preparation of AB loaded chitosan nanoparticles it is likely that you will to take them for the rest of your life. Clinical measurements were made using williams periodontal probe with graduation to a precision of 1 mm. didanosine kansas city buy Video of epidural steroid injection As bilirubin starts to accumulate in the blood stream it can give someone a yellowish color to their skin and eyes. order didanosine ...

PURPOSE: Functional starch vermicelli(tangmyeon) and a preparation method thereof are provided, which starch vermicelli(tangmyeon) has nutrition and function of green tea and chitosan, and maintains its native texture taste. CONSTITUTION: The method for preparing the functional starch vermicelli(tangmyeon) comprises the steps of: mixing 95 to 99 wt.% of potato or sweet potato starch with 1 to 5 wt.% of pulverized green tea leaves with 100 to 200 meshes to prepare mixed starch for starch vermicelli(tangmyeon); mixing 11 to 19 wt.% of potato or sweet potato starch, 2 to 10 wt.% of chitosan solution wherein chitosan has the molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000 dalton and deacetylation degree of 90 to 95%, and 69 to 86 wt.% of water to prepare gruel; mixing 55 to 65 wt.% of the mixed starch for starch vermicelli(tangmyeon) with 35 to 45 wt.% of gruel and kneading the mixture; removing the air from the dough for starch vermicelli(tangmyeon); and preparing starch vermicelli(tangmyeon) using the dough.

Purpose : To evaluate the in vitro and in vivo drug release of a biodegradable injectable sheet made of cross-linked chitosan and gelatin mixture. Methods : Gelatin and chitosan were solved in water and 1% acetic acid at concentrations of 5 wt% and 2.5 wt%, respectively. Then, 5 wt% gelatin and 2.5 wt% chitosan was mixed at the ratio of 3 : 2 (vol). The drug was mixed with the 3 wt% gelatin/1 wt% chitosan mixture. Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), FITC-labeled dextran 150 kDa (FD150), and FITC-labeled albumin (FITC-ALB) were used as drugs. Immedeately after adding water soluble carbodiimide in the gelatin/chitosan/drug mixture at final concentration of 10 mg/mL, 3 μL of the mixture was cast in the polydimethylsilane (PDMS) mold (internal diameter; 2.76 mm, depth; 0.5 mm). Then, the cross-linked gels were dried for 1 hour at room temperutere to make flexible sheets. The sheets were incubated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at 37 degrees C. The drug concentration in PBS were measured ...

Global Chitosan Gel Market Research Report 2021|br /| with 105 pages available at USD 2900 for single User PDF at ReportsWeb research database.

The growth of polysaccharide multilayers consisting of positively charged chitosan (CH) and negatively charged heparin (HEP) was monitored in situ by employing a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM-D) and dual-polarization interferometry (DPI). The main focus was on how the physicochemical properties of the solution affect the growth and structure of the resulting multilayer film These results showed that when increasing the ionic strength of the polysaccharide solutions at a fixed pH, both the dry (optical) (DPI) mass and wet (QCM) mass of the adsorbed multilayer film increased. The same effect was found when increasing the pH while keeping the ionic strength constant. Furthermore, the growth of multilayers showed an exponential-like behavior independent of the solution conditions that were used in this study. It was also established that chitosan was the predominant species present in the chitosan heparin multilayer film. We discuss the viscoelastic properties of the adsorbed layers and their ...

MarketResearchReports.Biz presents this most up-to-date research on Chitosan Market for Water Treatment, Biomedicine & Pharmaceutics, Industrial, Food & Beverages, Cosmetics, Agrochemical and Other Applications. Description. This report covers the forecast and analysis of the chitosan market on global and regional levels. The study provides historic data of 2013 along with the forecast from 2014 to 2020, based on both volume (Tons) and revenue (USD million). The study includes drivers and restraints of the chitosan market, along with their impact on demand and production during the forecast period. Additionally, the report comprises the study of opportunities available in the market on the global and regional level.. We have included a detailed value chain analysis in order to provide a comprehensive view of this market. An analysis of Porters five forces model has also been included to help understand the competitive landscape in the market. The study encompasses market attractiveness ...

In accordance with this invention, an aqueous solution of drug or drugs and alginate is prepared in DW/NS/PBS with an alginate: drug ratio of 1:6-1:8 w/w and a final alginate concentration of 0.05-0.07% w/v. Methanol may be added (if one of the drug is hydrophobic) in a ratio of 0.2:1-10 v/v. The mixture can comprise an excess amount of drug solution or sodium alginate solution, but which would only constitute a waste. To the mixture is added an aqueous solution of calcium chloride (drug-alginate solution: calcium chloride solution-18:1-22:1 v/v) with a molarity of calcium chloride maintained between 15-20mM. To the mixture is further added an aqueous solution of chitosan (drug-alginate solution: chitosan solution=8:1-12:1 v/v) with an alginatexhitosan ratio maintained preferably, but not limited to a ratio between 4:1-7:1 w/w. The nanoparticles formed are left as such for l-18h and subsequently collected by centrifugation at 19,000-37,000 rpm, at 4°C-30°C for 30 min-45 min ...

Swelling behaviour is one of the important properties for microcapsules made by hydrogels, which always affects the diffusion and release of drugs when the microcapsules are applied in drug delivery systems. In this paper, alginate-chitosan microcapsules were prepared by different technologies called external or internal gelation process respectively. With the volume swelling degree (S-w) as an index, the effect of properties of chitosan on the swelling behaviour of both microcapsules was investigated. It was demonstrated that the microcapsules with low molecular weight and high concentration of chitosan gave rise to low S-w. Considering the need of maintaining drug activity and drug loading, neutral pH and short gelation time were favorable. It was also noticed that S-w of internal gelation microcapsules was lower than that of external gelation microcapsules, which was interpreted by the structure analysis of internal or external gelation Ca-alginate beads with the aid of confocal laser ...

Chitosan oligosaccharides (collectively, oligochitosan, or COS) are considered to be potent plant immunity elicitors. In this article, the induction of resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus L. var. Huyou 15 by COS is studied. Even though COS (50 mu g mL(-1)) did not affect radial growth of this pathogen in vitro, it reduced the disease symptoms in vivo relative to control plants. The disease control rates were 25.8%, 41.4%, 57.1%, 68.7%, and 48.8% with COS pretreatment 0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h before S. sclerotiorum inoculation, respectively. Specific binding of COS to B. napus epidermis cells was validated by competition experiments. Simultaneously, it was observed that COS induced bursts of cytosolic Ca2+, nitric oxide (NO), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). NO and H2O2 inhibitors were used to prove the interaction between NO and H2O2. Furthermore, treatments of B. napus with NO and H2O2 inhibitors reduced the induction effect of the jasmonic acid-ethylene (JA/ET) signaling ...

Iurea Delia, Popa Marcel, Chailan Jean-François, Tamba Bogdan, Ionut Tudorancea, Peptu Catalina Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers (2013) 28(4), 368-384 ...

In this study, we compared the effects of low molecular weight(LMW)chitosan(MW:25, 000-50, 000), high molecular weight(HMW)chitosan(MW:500, 000-1000, 000)and chitin on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury and on the healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats.Oral administration of LMW chitosan(250, 500 and 1000mg/kg)dose-dependently prevented ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury.Repeated oral administration of LMW chitosan(100, 200 and 400mg/kg twice daily)also dose-dependently accelerated the gastric ulcer healing.However, the effects of HMW chitosan and chitin on the gastric mucosal injury formation and the gastric ulcer healing were less potent than those of LMW chitosan.LMW chirosan(250 and 500mg/kg, orally)was ineffective in inhibiting gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats, although it had a weak acid-neutralizing action.LMW-chitosan(250, 500 and 1000mg/kg orally)dose-dependently prevented the decrease in gastric mucus content induced by ethanol.These results ...

Close The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the users device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the users data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser. ...

Natural biomaterials such as collagen show promise in tissue engineering applications due to their inherent bioactivity. The main limitation of collagen is its low mechanical strength and somewhat unpredictable and rapid degradation rate; however, combining collagen with another material, such as chitosan, can reinforce the scaffold mechanically and may improve the rate of degradation. Additionally, the high cost and the risk of prion transmission associated with mammal-derived collagen has prompted research into alternative sources such as marine-origin collagen. In this context, the overall goal of this study was to determine if the incorporation of chitosan into collagen scaffolds could improve the mechanical and biological properties of the scaffold. In addition the study assessed if collagen, derived from salmon skin (marine), can provide an alternative to collagen derived from bovine tendon (mammal) for tissue engineering applications. Scaffold architecture and mechanical properties were ...

Some cationic composite hydrogels based on chitosan (CS) and poly (N-2-aminoethyl acrylamide) (PAEA) covalently cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) were tested as novel sorbents for two dis-azo dyes: Congo Red and Direct Blue 1. Three CS-based composite hydrogels having different molar ratios between the primary amine groups and the cross-linking agent (GA/NH2 = 5.3 and 12.5), the same total concentration of polycations (CPC = 2 wt%) and two molar ratios between polycations (PAEA:CS = 0.25 and 1.2) were used for this study. Pseudo-first order model, pseudo-second order model and the intraparticle diffusion model were used to analyze the experimental data in order to establish the mechanism of adsorption. The adsorption kinetics has been well described by the pseudo-second order model. The effect of temperature on the adsorption of both dyes has been also investigated.

Complex coacervation of two oppositely charged polysaccharides, namely a lactose-modified chitosan (CTL) and hyaluronan (HA), was investigated in this study. Coacervates of the two polysaccharides were prepared by drop-by-drop injection of HA into CTL. Transmittance and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements in combination with TEM analyses demonstrated the formation of spheroidal colloids in the nano-/microsize range showing good homogeneity. Strikingly, the presence of 150 mM supporting NaCl did not hamper the colloid formation. Stability studies on selected formulations demonstrated that HA/CTL coacervates were stable up to 3 weeks at 37 °C and behaved as pH-responsive colloids since transition from entangled to disentangled chains was attained for a proper pH range. The possibility of freeze-drying the coacervates for storage purposes and the ability of encapsulating selected payloads were investigated as well, for two values of the fraction of the lactitol side-chain substitution ...

The pH-responsive intelligent drug release facility of hydrophobically modified chitosan nanoparticles (Chit NPs) (d = 5.2 +/- 1.1 nm) was presented in the case of poorly water soluble Ca2+ channel blocker nimodipine (NIMO) drug molecules. The adequate pH-sensitivity, i.e. the suitable drug carrier properties of the initial hydrophilic Chit were achieved by reductive amination of Chit with hexanal (C6(-)) and dodecanal (C12(-)) aldehydes. The successful modifications of the macromolecule were evidenced via FTIR measurements: the band appearing at 1412 cm(-1) (C-N stretching in aliphatic amines) in the cases of the hydrophobically modified Chit samples shows that the C-N bond successfully formed between the Chit and the aldehydes. Hydrophobization of the polymer unambiguously led to lower water contents with lower intermolecular interactions in the prepared hydrogel matrix: the initial hydrophilic Chit has the highest water content (78.6 wt%) and the increasing hydrophobicity of the polymer ...

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Porous scaffolds made of chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite were prepared via freeze-drying method. In this matter, three different volume ratios of polymer solutions (1:1, 1:3, 3:1) and constant hydroxyapatite mass ratio were blended. Glutaraldehyde and glycerol were added as a polymer-chain crosslinker and plasticizer, respectively. The obtained scaffolds were used to test bone proliferation and potential for bone regeneration and they were characterized through FTIR, mechanical tests, cell cultures and swelling tests. Every quantitative measurement was statistically tested using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with , 0.05. Partial results from cell culture have been obtained, showing faster cell differentiation in the scaffolds combined with glutaraldehyde and glycerol. Crosslinked scaffolds showed better swelling conditions than those that were not subject to this chemical reaction. Besides, samples with higher chitosan ratio exhibited better swelling behavior. Experiments ...

Chitosan-containing acrylic fibers having a total chitosan content of 0.05 to 2 % by weight and an extractable chitosan content of not less than 0.03 % by weight to less than the total chitosan content. The antimicrobial activity of the fibers can persist for a long period of time and is not deteriorated even when subjected to posttreatments, such as dyeing and bleaching of fibers, and treatments in usual service environments of fiber products, such as washing and ironing.

The regeneration of new bone or cartilage to restore the function of traumatized, damaged, or lost bone or cartilage is a major clinical and socioeconomic burden. In recent years, a new cutting-edge procedure, bone- and cartilage-tissue engineering, has emerged as a new strategy for healing musculoskeletal conditions. In this strategy, progenitors or mature cells are combined with biocompatible scaffolds to initiate partial or full bone and/or cartilage regeneration.Scaffolding materials in tissue engineering should be bioactive and biodegradable. The synthetic polymers, such as PLA and PGA, are biodegradable, but not bioactive. Furthermore, their bulky degradation style and induction of foreign body reaction limit their clinical applications. Chitosan and alginate, two natural polymers, have proven to be biodegradable and bioactive for bone and cartilage regeneration. In this study, high-concentration (4.8% w/v) chitosan-alginate hybrid scaffolds were successfully synthesized through a ...

Mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis is a disease that has a high incidence in humans. In this disease, the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells and the production of extracellular matrix are important. In recent years, the RNAi technology has been widely used in the treatment of various diseases due to its capability to inhibit the gene expression with high specificity and targeting. The objective of this study was to decrease mesangial cell proliferation by knocking down PDGF-B and its receptor, PDGFR-beta. To be able to use small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in the treatment of this disease successfully, it is necessary to develop appropriate delivery systems. Chitosan, which is a biopolymer, is used as a siRNA delivery system in kidney drug targeting. In order to deliver siRNA molecules targeted at PDGF-B and PDGFR-beta, chitosan/siRNA nanoplexes were prepared. The in vitro characterization, transfection studies, and knockdown efficiencies were studied in immortalized and primary rat ...

Journal of Anthropology and Archaeology is a peer-reviewed international journal, which publishes original papers promoting theoretical, methodological and empirical developments in the discipline of socio-cultural anthropology.

Title:Polymeric Micelles of Modified Chitosan Block Copolymer as Nanocarrier for Delivery of Paclitaxel. VOLUME: 9 ISSUE: 1. Author(s):V. Lather, V. Saini and D. Pandita*. Affiliation:Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa-125055, Haryana, Department of Pharmaceutics, JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa-125055, Haryana, Department of Pharmaceutics, JCDM College of Pharmacy, Sirsa-125055, Haryana. Keywords:Polymeric micelles, amphiphilic, self assembly, chitosan, paclitaxel, copolymer.. Abstract:Background: Polymeric micelles are being used as successful nanocarriers for the delivery of diverse drug molecules due to properties like solubilization, selective targeting, P-glycoprotein inhibition, altered drug internalization route and subcellular localization etc. Objective: The present investigation was planned to prepare and characterize novel polymeric micelles derived from self assembly of amphiphilic chitosan-bile salt derivative (CS-mPEG-DA) as nanocarrier and ...

Low-molecular-weight sulfonated chitosan as template for anticoagulant nanoparticles Katja Heise,1,2 Mathias Hobisch,3,4 Liviu Sacarescu,5 Uros Maver,6 Josefine Hobisch,3 Tobias Reichelt,7 Marija Sega,6 Steffen Fischer,1 Stefan Spirk3,4 Members of EPNOE and NAWI Graz 1Institute of Plant and Wood Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany; 2Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland; 3Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; 4Institute for Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria; 5“Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Romanian Academy, Iasi, Romania; 6Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia; 7Zentrum für Bucherhaltung GmbH, Leipzig, Germany Purpose: In this work, low-molecular-weight sulfoethyl chitosan (SECS) was used as a model template for the generation of silver core-shell nanoparticles with

In this research, chitosan was used for the removal of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solution. The effect of parameters like solution pH, initial Cr (VI) concentration, agitation time, amount of adsorbent and agitation speed on the adsorption process was studied. The experimental equilibrium data were analyzed by using various models such as Langmuir and Freundlich. Freundlich isotherm model fitted well with data. In addition, the experimental data was fitted to kinetic models including the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order and based on calculated respective parameters such as rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities and correlation coefficients. The removal process follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results suggest that chitosan could be employed as a low-cost material for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions.  Â

Neuronal cells are extremely vulnerable and have a limited capacity for self-repair in response to injury. For those reasons, there is obvious interest in limiting neuronal damage. Mechanisms and strategies used in order to protect against neuronal injury, apoptosis, dysfunction, and degeneration in the central nervous system are recognized as neuroprotection. Neuroprotection could be achieved through several classes of natural and synthetic neuroprotective agents. However, considering the side effects of synthetic neuroprotective agents, the search for natural neuroprotective agents has received great attention. Recently, an increasing number of studies have identified neuroprotective properties of chitosan and its derivatives; however, there are some significant challenges that must be overcome for the success of this approach. Hence, the objective of this review is to discuss neuroprotective properties of chitosan and its derivatives.

Calories in Stacker 3 With Chitosan Thermogenic Weight Loss Pill. Find nutrition facts for Stacker 3 With Chitosan Thermogenic Weight Loss Pill and over 2,000,000 other foods in MyFitnessPal.coms food database.

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The composition, developed and patented by the UA Research Group in Plant Pathology, is based on the combined use of chitosan, or chitosan oligosaccharides (COS), antifungal agents and additives that synergistically affect the growth of a variety of pathogenic fungi ...

In this thesis poloxamer and poloxamer-chitosan nanosystems loaded with melatonin or without melatonin were prepared using direct dissolution method. The main technological characteristics of prepared nanosystems (size, size distribution and surface charge) were deterimined. The mean particle size of poloxamer and poloxamer-chitosan nanosystems without melatonin are between 23.3 and 24.5 nm, the polydispersity index values are in the range from 0.315 to 0.340. The zeta potential of poloxamer micelles without addition of chitosan in acetate buffer pH 6.0 is around 0 mV, due to the nonionic nature of poloxamer. The zeta potential of particles in poloxamer-chitosan nanonsystems is around 1.5 mV because chitosan at this pH is only partially protonated, and the part of chitosan charge shadowed by nonionic poloxamer micelles. An average hydrodynamic diameter of melatonin loaded poloxamer and poloxamer-chitosan micelles are in the range from 20.0 to 20.7 nm; the polydispersity index is from 0.176 to ...

Concrete is significant for construction. A problem in application is the appearance of cracks that will damage its strength. An autogenous crack-healing mechanism based on bacteria receives increasing attention in recent years. The bacteria are able to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitations in suitable conditions to protect and reinforce the concrete. However, a large number of spores are crushed in aged specimens, resulting in a loss of viability. A new kind of hydrogel crosslinked by alginate, chitosan and calcium ions was introduced in this study. It was observed that the addition of chitosan improved the swelling properties of calcium alginate. Opposite pH response to calcium alginate was observed when the chitosan content in the solution reached 1.0%. With an addition of 1.0% chitosan in hydrogel beads, 10.28% increase of compressive strength and 13.79% increase of flexural strength to the control were observed. The results reveal self-healing properties of concretes. A healing ...

Photodynamic medicine is a novel approach for cancer therapy and diagonosis via different photosensitizers and suitable light source. The 5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) can be converted into protoporphyrin IX (Pp IX ) that can be utilized as a fluorescent probe for tumor detection, however, this biosynthetic pathway also can be occurred in normal flora, including E. coli, in the colon and rectum that influence the efficacy of tumor detection. In this study, 5-ALA was encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles to prevent uptake of E. coli. This result implied that chitosan can exclude the influence of normal flora inside the gut and serves as an ideal vector of colon-specific drug delivery system. According to this concept, we designed a novel photodynamic detection system to enhance the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis for early colorectal cancer.

Chitooligosaccharides (COS) with degrees of polymerization (DP) 6 to 8 are degraded from chitosan, which possess excellent bioactivities. However, technologies that could purify them from hydrolysis mixtures in the narrow DP range (984 to 1,306 Da) are absent. The objective of this research is to purify DP 6 to 8 COS by nanofiltration on the basis of appropriate adjustments of the feed condition. Syrup containing DP 6 to 8 COS at different concentrations (19.0 to 46.7 g/L) was prepared. A commercial membrane (QY-5-NF-1812) negatively charged was applied. Experiments were carried out in full recycle mode, so that the observed COS retentions were investigated at various transmembrane pressures (6.0 to 20.0 bar), temperatures (10°C to 50°C), and pHs (5.0 to 9.0). Then, the feasibility of separation of DP 6 to 8 COS was further studied by concentration ratio under optimum conditions. The results indicate that the purification of DP 6 to 8 COS by nanofiltration NF is feasible. It was found that the

TY - JOUR. T1 - Assembly of polyelectrolyte-containing block copolymers in aqueous media. AU - Cohen Stuart, Martien A.. AU - Hofs, Bas. AU - Voets, Ilja K.. AU - de Keizer, Arie. PY - 2005/8/1. Y1 - 2005/8/1. N2 - In this review we present an overview of the developments of (self-)assembly of linear block copolymers containing one or more polyelectrolyte blocks in aqueous solution. Different micellar structures and phase behaviour are described. The role of inter- and intramolecular complex coacervation is emphasised. Recent developments in applications of assembly of polyelectrolyte-containing copolymers are presented.. AB - In this review we present an overview of the developments of (self-)assembly of linear block copolymers containing one or more polyelectrolyte blocks in aqueous solution. Different micellar structures and phase behaviour are described. The role of inter- and intramolecular complex coacervation is emphasised. Recent developments in applications of assembly of ...

New approaches to deal with drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria are urgent. We studied the antibacterial effect of chitosans against an |i|Escherichia coli|/i| quorum sensing biosensor reporter strain and selected a non-toxic chitosan to evaluate its quorum sensing (QS) inhibition activity and its ef …

The use of materials, containing the biocompatible and bioresorbable biopolymer poly()-2-amino-2-deoxy--D-glucan, containing some N-acetyl-glucosamine units (chitosan, CHI) and/or its derivatives, to fabricate devices for the regeneration of bone, cartilage and nerve tissue, was reviewed. The CHI-containing devices, to be used for bone and cartilage regeneration and healing, were tested mainly for in vitro cell adhesion and proliferation and for insertion into animals; only the use of CHI in dental surgery has reached the clinical application. Regarding the nerve tissue, only a surgical repair of a 35 mm-long nerve defect in the median nerve of the right arm at elbow level with an artificial nerve graft, comprising an outer microporous conduit of CHI and internal oriented filaments of poly(glycolic acid), was reported. As a consequence, although many positive results have been obtained, much work must still be made, especially for the passage from the experimentation of the CHI-based devices, in ...

Green Pesticide Formulation Development is the focus of current research . Mainly related to the ultra-efficient , low toxicity ( or non-toxic ) , low-residue , environmental pollution , chemical pe

Rosemary essential oil (REO) was used to develop an active film from chitosan. The effects of REO concentration (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% v/v) on film properties were studied by measuring the physical, mechanical and optical properties of the REO‐loaded films. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to study microstructure and the interaction of the chitosan‐based films. The solubility and water gain of the chitosan film decreased about 25% and 85%, respectively, by REO incorporation, up to 1.5% v/v, because of the interaction between hydrophilic groups of chitosan and REO as confirmed by FTIR. It was determined that REO improved the transparency of the films from 4.97 in neat chitosan up to 7.61; moreover, it reduced the films light transmission in UV light more than 25%. Films containing REO showed more antibacterial activity and total phenol content. The films containing REO showed potential to be used as active film in food preservation.

A new method was developed in this work for extraction of chitosan from the zygomycetes cell wall. It is based on the temperature-dependent solubility of chitosan in dilute sulfuric acid. Chitin is soluble in neither cold nor hot dilute sulfuric acid. Similarly chitosan is not soluble at room temperature but is dissolved in 1% H2SO4 at 121 degrees C within 20 min. The new method was developed to measure the chitosan content of the biomass and cell wall. The procedures were investigated by measuring phosphate, protein, ash, glucuronic acid, and degree of acetylation. The cell wall derivatives of fungus Rhizomucor pusillus were then examined by this new method. The results indicated 8% of the biomass as chitosan. After treatment with NaOH, the alkali-insoluble material (AIM) contained 45.3% chitosan. Treatment of AIM with acetic acid resulted in 16.5% acetic-acid-soluble material (AGSM) and 79.0% alkali- and acid-insoluble material (AAIM). AGSM is usually cited as pure chitosan, but the new method shows

The clinical development of therapeutic peptides has been restricted to peptides for non-CNS diseases and parenteral dosage forms due to the poor permeation of peptides across the gastrointestinal mucosa and the blood-brain barrier. Quaternary ammonium palmitoyl glycol chitosan (GCPQ) nanoparticles facilitate the brain delivery of orally administered peptides such as leucine(5)-enkephalin, and here we examine the mechanism of GCPQ facilitated oral peptide absorption and brain delivery. By analyzing the oral biodistribution of radiolabeled GCPQ nanoparticles, the oral biodistribution of the model peptide leucine(5)-enkephalin and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy tissue images after an oral dose of deuterated GCPQ nanoparticles, we have established a number of facts. Although 85-90% of orally administered GCPQ nanoparticles are not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, a peak level of 2-3% of the oral GCPQ dose is detected in the blood 30 min after dosing, and these GCPQ ...

Self-Assembled Lecithin/Chitosan Nanoparticles Based on Phospholipid Complex: A Feasible Strategy to Improve Entrapment Efficiency and Transdermal Delivery of Poorly Lipophilic Drug

Page contains details about targeting docetaxel loaded self-assembled poly-gamma-glutamic acid/chitosan nanoparticles . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

Page contains details about epirubicin loaded self-assembled poly-gamma-glutamic acid/chitosan nanoparticles . It has composition images, properties, Characterization methods, synthesis, applications and reference articles : nano.nature.com

Nutrient loss, caused by lipid oxidation and hydrolysis, occurs in the scallop adductor muscle during refrigerated storage. To retard this process, chitosan coating with inclusion of antioxidant of bamboo leaves (AOB) and potassium sorbate (PS) were used. Results indicated the coatings employed could significantly inhibit the increases in total number of colonies, total volatile basic nitrogen, peroxide value, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, lipase activity and free fatty acid content as well as the decrease in contents of triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the scallop adductor muscle during refrigerated storage. After 8 days, the contents of PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexenoic acid in the control adductor muscle decreased by 46.91, 47.46 and 45.50%, respectively, while the corresponding values were 35.93-36.68, 34.01-36.45 and 32.73-37.50%, respectively, for AOB- and PS-coated adductor muscles. Therefore, ...

Chitosan, a natural polymer, is a biomaterial which is known to be osteoconductive but lacking in mechanical strength. In this work, to further enhance the mechanical property and biocompatibility of chitosan, we combined it with both chondroitin sulfate, a natural glycosaminoglycan found in bone, and nano-SiO 2. The composite scaffold of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate/nano-SiO 2 was fabricated by lyophilization. The nanocomposite scaffold showed enhanced porosity, degradation, mechanical integrity, biomineralization and protein adsorption. Biocompatibility and cell attachment-proliferation studies performed using MG-63 cells, advocate its better performance in vitro. To improve the cell seeding efficiency, we coated the scaffold surface with fibrin, which enhanced the initial cell attachment. The cumulative results suggest this novel nanocomposite scaffold to be a suitable candidate for bone tissue engineering. Copyright © 2012 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.. ...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Optimization of phytic acid-crosslinked chitosan microspheres for oral insulin delivery using response surface methodology. AU - Kim, Jeong Un. AU - Shahbaz, Hafiz Muhammad. AU - Lee, Hyunah. AU - Kim, Taehyung. AU - Yang, Kyungjik. AU - Roh, Young Hoon. AU - Park, Jiyong. N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (No. 2014M3A7B4051898 ). This research was also supported by a grant ( 17162MFDS027 ) from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in 2019. The work was supported in part by Brain Korea 21 (BK21) PLUS program. K.Y. was supported by the NRF-2017-Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 Elsevier B.V.. PY - 2020/10/15. Y1 - 2020/10/15. N2 - Although oral administration is favorable mode of insulin delivery, it is the most challenging route, owing to poor oral bioavailability. In this study, a ...

A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Chitosan Gel Formulation and Conventional Silver Sulfadiazine Treatment in Healing Burn Wound Injury at Molecular Level

The aims of this investigation explore an efficient way to remove the anionic dye for textile wastewater, and characterize surface thermodynamics of quaternized cellulose fiber by inverse gas chromatography (IGC) using specific gas probes over different temperature, and establish the correlations between the surface characteristics and the adsorption capability of quaternized cellulose. The results of the treatment of cellulose (recycled newsprint) with 3-Chloro-2-Hydroxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-Propanaminium Chloride (quaternary ammonium) indicate that the nitrogen contents depend greatly on the pH. The favorable pH is more than 10 and less than 13. The process of dye removal can be completed removing waste dye within a second when the concentration of dye is less than 220 mg/l at room temperature. The saturation value of quaternized cellulose is 10 times higher than that of activated carbon and the quaternized cellulose shows it has the extremely high capability for dye adsorption. Surface energy ...

Research Summary: The report presents detailed overview of the Sodium Tripolyphosphate market in the world and regions (CIS countries in particular) by contemplating and analyzing its various parameters. Firstly, brief introduction is provided. Thus, Sodium Tripolyphosphate properties, application areas and manufacturing technologies are considered. Further goes the analysis of global Sodium Tripolyphosphate market with emphasis on its […].... ...

The antiradical and antimicrobial activity of lignin and lignin-based films are both of great interest for applications such as food packaging additives. The polyphenolic structure of lignin in addition to the presence of O-containing functional groups is potentially responsible for these activities. This study used DPPH assays to discuss the antiradical activity of HPMC/lignin and HPMC/lignin/chitosan films. The scavenging activity (SA) of both binary (HPMC/lignin) and ternary (HPMC/lignin/chitosan) systems was affected by the percentage of the added lignin: the 5% addition showed the highest activity and the 30% addition had the lowest. Both scavenging activity and antimicrobial activity are dependent on the biomass source showing the following trend: organosolv of softwood | kraft of softwood | organosolv of grass. Testing the antimicrobial activities of lignins and lignin-containing films showed high antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria at 35 °C and at low

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Chitosan-coated liposomes encapsulating curcumin. T2 - Study of lipid-polysaccharide interactions and nanovesicle behavior. AU - Hasan, M.. AU - Ben Messaoud, G.. AU - Michaux, F.. AU - Tamayol, A.. AU - Kahn, C. J.F.. AU - Belhaj, N.. AU - Linder, M.. AU - Arab-Tehrany, E.. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2016 The Royal Society of Chemistry.. PY - 2016. Y1 - 2016. N2 - Despite various spectacular therapeutic properties, curcumin has low bioavailability mainly due to its poor solubility in water. In this paper, we encapsulated curcumin by nanoliposomes prepared from salmon purified phospholipid and coated with chitosan. Various techniques were used in order to study the interactions among phospholipid, chitosan and curcumin. FTIR results showed both electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions as well as hydrogen bonding between chitosan and phospholipid, while hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonding dominated the interactions between curcumin and phospholipid as well as between ...

This research concerns the development of solvent-cast lyophilised composite sponges in the bioactive glass-alginate-chitosan system for alveolar bone tissue maintenance following tooth extraction. Hydroxyapatite formed on the surfaces of pure alginate, 50:50 alginate:chitosan blend and pure chitosan sponges blended with 10 wt.% bioactive glass within 7 days of exposure to simulated body fluid, indicating that they possess the potential to stimulate bone tissue formation. In the absence of bioactive glass, pure chitosan sponges also demonstrated in vitro bioactivity, to a lesser extent; unlike pure alginate and 50:50 alginate:chitosan blend, which did not. All samples formed macroporous sponges whose biocompatibility with human osteosarcoma cells increased as a function of chitosan-content. Polyelectrolyte complex formation between alginate and chitosan, and the incorporation of bioactive glass were found to increase the swelling capacity of the sponges in SBF. The findings of this study ...

Chitosan, carrageenan and alginate are among the most abundant biopolymers in nature. They were prepared in uniform beads shape with a diameter of 2 mm ± 10%, using the encapsulator for removal of calcium, magnesium and iron cations from hard water. Solutions of 100-500 mg/L were prepared from each cation, and the detection of cations was carried out using atomic absorption spectrometer. Carrageenan and chitosan were able to chelate the three cations without further modification. However, alginate beads succeeded to chelate iron and magnesium and failed to chelate any calcium ions; in contrast, it increased the initial calcium concentration! That could be due to the pre-cross-linking of alginate beads using calcium chloride solution, which may be leaked back to the solution. However, grafting the alginate beads with polyethyleneimine and bromoacetic acid rectified this problem and the new functional group, -COOH, has been proved using the FT-IR. Optimization of the results in terms of beads ...

[150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Global and Chinese Chitin and Chitosan Industry, 2016 Market Research Report report by Prof Research. The Global and Chinese Chitin and Chitosan Industry, 2011-2021...

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TY - JOUR. T1 - 3D porous chitosan-alginate scaffolds. T2 - A new matrix for studying prostate cancer cell-lymphocyte interactions in vitro. AU - Florczyk, Stephen J.. AU - Liu, Gang. AU - Kievit, Forrest M.. AU - Lewis, Allison M.. AU - Wu, Jennifer D.. AU - Zhang, Miqin. PY - 2012/9/1. Y1 - 2012/9/1. N2 - The treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains palliative. Immunotherapy offers a potentially effective therapy for CRPC; however, its advancement into the clinic has been slow, in part because of the lack of representative in vitro tumor models that resemble the in vivo tumor microenvironment for studying interactions of CRPC cells with immune cells and other potential therapeutics. This study evaluates the use of 3D porous chitosan-alginate (CA) scaffolds for culturing human prostate cancer (PCa) cells and studying tumor cell interaction with human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) ex vivo. CA scaffolds and Matrigel matrix samples support in vitro tumor spheroid ...

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The study was designed to evaluate the ethanolic extract acaricide action from Pouteria gardneriana Radlk specie adsorbed in chitosan nanoparticles for controlled release against Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Leaves of P. gardneriana Radlk were collected, air-dried, ground and extracted with ethanol. Chitosan nanospheres were obtained by the phase inversion method. Conductometric titration, UV-Vis and FTIR analysis were conducted with the materials to evaluate the chitosan anchoring ability. In vitro test was performed using engorged females for each treatment, which consisted of the control, raw extract and three treatments diluted, with increasing concentrations of 0.2, 0.4 and 1%. The most effectiveness extract was for 0.4% concentration by observing reduction in the eggs mass compared to control group. The nanomaterial proved to be able to anchor and release the insecticide gradually in pH between 5 and 6 regions, which makes it feasible for use in cattle, prolonging the exposure time

The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term effects of chitosan-glycerol phosphate (chitosan- GP) gel with the articular environment following implantat..

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Three types of chitin as α (exoskeleton of crustaceans), β (cuttlebone of cephalopods) and γ (some fungal cell wall) exist in nature. Chitosan is the most important derivative of chitin, which has various biological activities. In this study, α, β and γ-chitosans were extracted from Portunus segnis exoskeleton, Sepia pharonis ...

This contribution examines the application of near infra-red (NIR) quantum dot (QD) containing films for cholesterol detection. Water-soluble, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanthiol (DAET) protected 800 nm CdSeTe/ZnS core-shell QDs were prepared and incorporated into a chitosan film. The NIR electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) of the QD/chitosan films upon reaction with H2O2 co-reactant (produced as a by-product of cholesterol oxidase-catalysed oxidation of cholesterol) gave a strong ECL signal at -1.35 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The sensor displayed a linear response over the clinically relevant range (0.25 ≤ [cholesterol] ≤ 5 mM) allowing the rapid detection of cholesterol and providing a platform for future development. Significantly, this NIR emission has been shown to exhibit excellent penetrability through biological samples, and will likely be at the forefront of development in the biosensing and imaging fields for the foreseeable future.. ...

Complex coacervation driven liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of biopolymers has been attracting attention as a novel phase in living cells. Studies of LLPS in this context are typically of proteins harboring chemical and structural complexity, leaving unclear which properties are fundamental to complex coacervation versus protein-specific. This study focuses on the role of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-a widely used molecular crowder-in LLPS. Significantly, entropy-driven LLPS is recapitulated with charged polymers lacking hydrophobicity and sequence complexity, and its propensity dramatically enhanced by PEG. Experimental and field-theoretic simulation results are consistent with PEG driving LLPS by dehydration of polymers, and show that PEG exerts its effect without partitioning into the dense coacervate phase. It is then up to biology to impose additional variations of functional significance to the LLPS of biological systems. Liquid-liquid phase separation occurs in cells and can be induced in

Application of multi-walled carbon nanotube-agarose/chitosan composite film microextraction-HPLC-UV to the determination of anthracene in lake water

Isomaltooligosaccharide, Fructo-Oligose,Xylo-Oligosaccharides,Oligo galactose,L- Fucose,Trehalose,Stevia,Stachyose,Chitosan oligosaccharide,Alginate oligosaccharide

Allergy Research Group was the first to introduce a variety of unique products to the market including Buffered Vitamin C, Selenium Solution, full spectrum antioxidant formulas such as AntiOx & OcuDyne, Melatonin, Laktoferrin, Artemisinin, Nattokinase, Organic Germanium, Pycnogenol, Mastic Gum, Garum amoricum (Stabilium® 200), Rye Grass Extract (Oralmat®), microdose DNA (Mucolyxir), Ecklonia cava Extract (FibroBoost), Chitosan Oligosaccharide, Reduced Co-Q10 Ubiquinol (CoQH), Succinic Acid, Lumbrokinase, Kiwi Fruit Extract (Phloe™), and Propionibacterium freudenreichii Probiotic (Sécuril®).

Allergy Research Group was the first to introduce a variety of unique products to the market including Buffered Vitamin C, Selenium Solution, full spectrum antioxidant formulas such as AntiOx & OcuDyne, Melatonin, Laktoferrin, Artemisinin, Nattokinase, Organic Germanium, Pycnogenol, Mastic Gum, Garum amoricum (Stabilium® 200), Rye Grass Extract (Oralmat®), microdose DNA (Mucolyxir), Ecklonia cava Extract (FibroBoost), Chitosan Oligosaccharide, Reduced Co-Q10 Ubiquinol (CoQH), Succinic Acid, Lumbrokinase, Kiwi Fruit Extract (Phloe™), and Propionibacterium freudenreichii Probiotic (Sécuril®).

The effective and economical removal of phosphates from aqueous solution, mostly applied in waste water treatment, is one of the significant issues globally. Removal of phosphates ions in aqueous solution was analysed by chitosan blended with cellulose acetate, and iron oxide loaded chitosan-cellulose acetate adsorbents. The adsorbents were made in the form of beads. Batch experiments were performed to investigate the performance of the beads under various conditions on phosphate adsorption. Contact time, effect of initial phosphate concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH and temperature were investigated. Zeta potential measurements were also undertaken. The results showed that the adsorption process was highly pH dependent. The adsorption kinetics data were modelled with the application of adsorption reaction models and adsorption diffusion models. The results revealed that the pseudo 2nd order model was the best fitting in all cases. The experimental data were tested with Langmuir and Freundlich

Functional magnetic particles are formed by dissolving a mucopolysaccharide such as chitosan in acidified aqueous solution containing a mixture of ferrous chloride and ferric chloride. As the pH of the solution is raised magnetite is formed in situ in the solution by raising the pH. The dissolved chitosan is a polyelectrolyte and forms micelles surrounding the granules at pH of 8-9. The chitosan precipitates on the granules to form microspheres containing the magnetic granules. On addition of the microspheres to waste aqueous streams containing dissolved ions, the hydroxyl and amine functionality of the chitosan forms chelates binding heavy metal cations such as lead, copper, and mercury and the chelates in turn bind anions such as nitrate, fluoride, phosphate and borate.

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of the controlled slow-release granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) system in burn wound healing. ...

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0066]Another aspect of the present invention relates to a composition comprising a dry protonated chitosan, a dry high molecular weight moiety of hyaluronic acid and a dry bioconjugate of very low molecular weight hyaluronic acid and paclitaxel. Paclitaxel is a member of a class of drugs known as taxanes, which have been commercialized as a cancer medication under the trade name Taxol®. Paclitaxel has been known to slow or stop the growth of cancer cells in vivo and is normally insoluble in water. However, by conjugating paclitaxel with very low molecular weight examples of hyaluronan (for example, HY oligossaccharides of Mw 5,000 to low Mw examples of hyaluronic acid up to 60,000) it becomes soluble in water. Addition of lyophilized (dry) HY-paclitaxel bioconjugate to the various compositions of the present invention, such as the dry CT and dry HY composition, and further hydration produces a malleable depot of cytotoxic agent that may be implanted into a tissue defect created by excision of a ...

Title:Chitosan and its Derivatives as Chemical Drug Delivery Carriers. VOLUME: 22 ISSUE: 7. Author(s):Lei Xing, Lina Du, Cheng-Qiong Luo, Tian-Jiao Zhou, Yong Zhu, Jia-Hui Gong, Yiguang Jin* and Hu-Lin Jiang*. Affiliation:State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing ...

A new chitosan/sponge chitin - based membrane (CS/CH membrane) was prepared via the casting method for the first time. We used the demineralized skeleton of the marine demosponge Ianthella basta as a source for a chitinous network. The obtained membrane was immersed in 1 M LiOAc (lithium acetate) solution and teste

Biodegradable nanoparticles have been employed for vaccine delivery, frequently admixed with adjuvants. Surprisingly, there is little information on their modulation of immune responses, speculated to be negligible. We analyzed the immunomodulatory capacity of alginate-coated chitosan nanogels (Ng), on porcine and human blood dendritic cells (DCs), when applied with defined adjuvants targeting different DC subpopulations. DC maturation, cytokine production and cell migration were assessed. Ng differentially influenced the immunomodulatory characteristics of individual Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands: Pam3Cys-SK4-induced IL-1β was enhanced; CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN)-induced IFN-α, IL-6 and TNFα were impaired; CpG-ODN-induced CD86 and CCR7, and cell migration, were diminished-plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) were particularly sensitive. Therein, the Ng influence on DC endocytosis of the TLR ligands was apparently a major contributory element. This demonstrates the importance of predefi