TY - JOUR. T1 - The source of haemorrhage in traumatic basal subarachnoid haemorrhage. AU - Wong, Brittany. AU - Ong, Beng Beng. AU - Milne, Nathan. PY - 2015/1. Y1 - 2015/1. N2 - Traumatic basal subarachnoid haemorrhage (TBSH) following trauma to the head, face or neck is well-established as a cause of death; however it remains a heavily disputed topic as the site of vascular injury is difficult to identify. Whilst many regions within the vasculature of the head and neck have been proposed as more susceptible to rupture, the vertebral artery remains the focal point of many investigations. We present a retrospective case review of TBSH in our forensic centre at Forensic and Scientific Services in Brisbane, Australia, from 2003 to 2011. Thirteen cases of TBSH were found, one case excluded due to vasculopathy. All decedents were male, the majority of which were involved in an altercation receiving blows to the head, face, or neck and were unconscious at the scene. All victims were under the ...
In the absence of external stimuli or task demands, correlations in spontaneous brain activity (functional connectivity) reflect patterns of anatomical connectivity. Hence, resting-state functional connectivity has been used as a proxy measure for structural connectivity and as a biomarker for brain changes in disease. To relate changes in functional connectivity to physiological changes in the brain, it is important to understand how correlations in functional connectivity depend on the physical integrity of brain tissue. The causal nature of this relationship has been called into question by patient data suggesting that decreased structural connectivity does not necessarily lead to decreased functional connectivity. Here we provide evidence for a causal but complex relationship between structural connectivity and functional connectivity: we tested interhemispheric functional connectivity before and after corpus callosum section in rhesus monkeys. We found that forebrain commissurotomy severely reduced
СЛУЧАЙ ТРАВМАТИЧЕСКОГО БАЗАЛЬНОГО СУБАРАХНОИДАЛЬНОГО КРОВОИЗЛИЯНИЯ ПРИ ТРАВМЕ ШЕИ
Vascular brain injury from conditions such as high blood pressure and stroke are greater risk factors for cognitive impairment among non-demented older people than is the deposition of the amyloid plaques in the brain that long have been implicated in conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, a study by researchers at the Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center at UC Davis has found.  
Cerebrovascular trauma, also known as blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is a non-penetrating injury to the carotid and/or vertebral artery that may cause stroke in trauma patients. Discover the latest research on cerebrovascular trauma here. ...
Background: Huntingtons disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results in deterioration and atrophy of various brain regions.. Aim: To assess the functional connectivity between prefrontal brain regions in patients with Huntingtons disease, compared with normal controls, using functional magnetic resonance imaging.. Patients and methods: 20 patients with Huntingtons disease and 17 matched controls performed a Simon task that is known to activate lateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortical regions. The functional connectivity was hypothesised to be impaired in patients with Huntingtons disease between prefrontal regions of interest, selected from both hemispheres, in the anterior cingulate and dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex.. Results: Controls showed a dynamic increase in interhemispheric functional connectivity during task performance, compared with the baseline state; patients with Huntingtons disease, however, showed no such increase in prefrontal connectivity. ...
In the attention network, disruption of interhemispheric FC was significantly correlated with abnormal detection of visual stimuli (Pearson r with field effect = −0.624, p = 0.002). In the somatomotor network, disruption of interhemispheric FC was significantly correlated with upper extremity impairment (Pearson r with contralesional Action Research Arm Test = 0.527, p = 0.036). In contrast, intrahemispheric FC within the normal or damaged hemispheres was not correlated with performance in either network. Quantitative lesion analysis demonstrated that our results could not be explained by structural damage alone. ...
CASE SUMMARY A 29-year-old man presented with a three-week history of slurred speech, poor coordination, and imbalance while walking. He did not have a famil...
Dive into the research topics of MAOA-a novel decision maker of apoptosis and autophagy in hormone refractory neuroendocrine prostate cancer cells. Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...
To better detect blunt cerebrovascular injuries (BCVI) in patients admitted to hospital emergency departments after experiencing high-energy trauma, computed...
When it comes to vascular brain injury, the dementia field has been mired in uncertainty. What is it, exactly? How can scientists measure and treat it? How does it relate to Alzheimers pathology or contribute to cognitive decline? Answers to these old questions are still lacking, but two recent studies published online February 11 and 18 in JAMA Neurology suggest that vascular damage and amyloid plaques occur independently in early stages of AD. William Jagust, University of California, Berkeley, and colleagues find that the pathologies are separate, and that only vascular injury tracks with cognitive decline. Likewise, scientists led by Adam Brickman, Columbia University, New York, report that white matter hyperintensities and amyloid are independent risk factors for Alzheimers disease (AD). These findings add to a growing body of literature suggesting that vascular causes of decline are distinct from amyloid pathology, and that they deserve their own spot at the dementia table.. Vascular ...
The present study confirms our earlier findings that, despite standard secondary prevention treatment, brain damage had progressed in more than 20% of the stroke patients after 2 years.1 We found that patients with ischaemic lesion progression performed worse than those without. However, ischaemic lesion progression was not related to decline in cognitive performance over time.. Thus, we found no evidence to support our hypothesis that progressive vascular brain damage is related to a decline in cognitive performance following first ever stroke. Meyer et al found that patients with VaD whose cognitive performance decreased over time, more often had recurrent infarcts and changes in cerebral perfusion than those whose cognitive performance remained stable.7 In general, patients with VaD show a decline in cognitive functioning10,27-29 whereas stroke patients with mild cognitive deficits show a substantial improvement in cognitive functioning with time.27,28,30-34 It was unknown whether the course ...
Vascular Brain Lesions (Congenital) answers are found in the Select 5-Minute Pediatrics Topics powered by Unbound Medicine. Available for iPhone, iPad, Android, and Web.
Beginning in midlife, heart disease leads to subtle blood-flow problems in the brain that develop insidiously, gradually damaging neurons and contributing to cognitive decline. Knowledge of clinically silent blood-flow problems in the brain has led to the “healthy heart, healthy mind” hypothesis that preventing or treating heart disease also may help prevent age-associated cognitive decline.
In clinical practice, dentists are faced with the dilemma of whether to treat, maintain, or extract a tooth. Of primary importance are the patient s desires and the restorability and periodontal condition of the tooth/teeth in question. Too often, clinicians extract teeth when endodontic therapy, crown-lengthening surgery, forced orthodontic eruption, or regenerative therapy can be used with predictable results. In addition, many clinicians do not consider the use of questionable teeth as provisional or transitional abutments. The aim of this article is to present a novel decision tree approach that will address the clinical deductive reasoning, based on the scientific literature and exemplified by selective case presentations, that may help clinicians make the right decision. Innovative decision tree algorithms will be proposed that consider endodontic, restorative, and periodontal assessments to improve and possibly eliminate erroneous decision making. Decision-based algorithms are dynamic and ...
Cerebrovascular trauma, also known as blunt cerebrovascular injury (BCVI) is a non-penetrating injury to the carotid and/or vertebral artery that may cause stroke in trauma patients. Discover the latest research on cerebrovascular trauma here. ...
Blunt carotid and vertebral artery injury, collectively termed blunt cerebrovascular injury, are rare but potentially devastating events. In the past, blunt carotid injury was associated with mortality rates ranging from 23 to 28 percent, with 48 to
A novel decision making for intelligent agent using quantum-inspired approach is proposed. A formal, generalized solution to the problem is given. Mathematically, the proposed model is capable of modeling higher dimensional decision problems than previous researches. Four experiments are conducted, and both empirical experiments results and proposed models experiment results are given for each experiment. Experiments showed that the results of proposed model agree with empirical results perfectly. The proposed model provides a new direction for researcher to resolve cognitive basis in designing intelligent agent.
Toxic leukoencephalopathy or toxic spongiform leukoencephalopathy is a rare condition that is characterized by progressive damage (-pathy) to white matter (-leuko-) in the brain (-encephalo-), particularly myelin, due to causes such as exposure to drugs of abuse, environmental toxins, or chemotherapeutic drugs. The prevalence of this disease is infrequent and often goes unreported, especially in cases resulting from drug abuse. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a popular method to study and diagnose the disease. However, even with technological advances, the exact mechanism and underlying pathophysiology of toxic leukoencephalopathy remains unknown and is thought to vary between sources of toxicity. The clinical severity of toxic leukoencephalopathy also varies among patients, exposure time, and concentration and purity of the toxic agent. Some reversibility of the condition has been seen in many cases when the toxic agent is removed. Various pharmacological agents have been known to cause ...
A novel decision aid to assist patients and physicians with shared decision-making (SDM) in the setting of symptomatic aortic stenosis was linked to improved patient knowledge and satisfaction in a new pilot study, but the physicians using it werent particularly enamored with the formalized tool.. Interventional cardiologists and surgeons on the structural heart team didnt believe that the quality of their clinical encounters with patients was improving and felt that patients had a poor grasp of the decision aid, say investigators. As a result, clinicians attitudes towards SDM and decision aids underwent little transformation, and implementation is unlikely, Megan Coylewright, MD, MPH (Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH), and colleagues write in their paper published January 29, 2020, in JAMA Cardiology. This is a critical finding, challenging the simplistic framing that once fully developed tools are available, sustained use of a decision aid will occur, leading to ...
The Australian Academy of Science has recognised University of Queensland environmental researcher Professor Kerrie Wilson at its annual Science at the Shine Dome event in Canberra.. Professor Wilson, who is an ARC Future Fellow at UQ and Director of the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, has been awarded the 2017 Nancy Millis Medal for Women in Science.. The Academys citation stated that she had made significant discoveries in the environmental sciences that resulted in more effective conservation practices.. Professor Wilson identified how significant funds for conservation can be saved, and investments could be more equitable, through incorporating socio-economic principles into setting priorities for conservation investments, the citation said.. This has resulted in new theory and novel decision support tools to inform how limited conservation funds should be allocated to achieve multiple objectives, further enhancing the legacy and impact of ...
The microvasculature (MV) of brains with Alzheimers disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), in the absence of concurrent pathologies (e.g., infarctions, Lewy bodies), is incompletely understood. To analyze microvascular density, diameter and extracellular matrix (ECM) content in association with ADNC and CAA. We examined samples of cerebral cortex and isolated brain microvasculature (MV) from subjects with the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association (NIA-AA) designations of not-, intermediate-, or high ADNC and from subjects with no CAA and moderate-severe CAA. Cases for all groups were selected with no major (territorial) strokes, ≤ 1 microinfarct in screening sections, and no Lewy body pathology. MV density and diameter were measured from cortical brain sections. Levels of basement membrane (BM) ECM components, the protein product of TNF-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), and the ubiquitous glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) were assayed by western blots or
The clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia (VaD) is based on imaging criteria, and specific biochemical markers are not available. Here, we investigated the potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a secreted glycoprotein that has been suggested as mediating neuronal damage in vascular brain injuries. The study included four independent cohorts with a total n = 472 samples. LCN2 was significantly elevated in VaD compared to controls, Alzheimers disease (AD), other neurodegenerative dementias, and cognitively unimpaired patients with cerebrovascular disease. LCN2 discriminated VaD from AD without coexisting VaD with high accuracy. The main findings were consistent over all cohorts. Neuropathology disclosed a high percentage of macrophages linked to subacute infarcts, reactive astrocytes, and damaged blood vessels in multi-infarct dementia when compared to AD. We conclude that CSF LCN2 is a promising candidate biochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of VaD and ...
The pathophysiology of extracranial traumatic aneurysm formation has not been fully elucidated. Intraarterial optical coherence tomography (OCT), an imaging modality capable of micrometer cross-sectional resolution, was used to evaluate patients presenting with saccular traumatic aneurysms of the internal carotid artery (ICA). Two consecutive trauma patients diagnosed with saccular traumatic aneurysms of the cervical ICA, per the institutional screening protocol for traumatic cerebrovascular injury, underwent digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with OCT. Optical coherence tomography demonstrated disruption of the intima with preservation and stretching of the more peripheral layers. In 1 patient the traumatic aneurysm was associated with thrombus formation and a separate, more proximal dissection not visible on CT angiography (CTA) or DSA. Imaging with OCT indicates that saccular traumatic aneurysms may develop from disruption of the intima with at least partial preservation of the media and ...
Harrison, Paula A.; Dunford-Brown, Rob.; Barton, David N.; Kelemen, Eszter; Martín-López, Berta; Norton, Lisa; Termansen, Mette; Saarikoski, Heli; Hendriks, Kees; Gómez-Baggethun, Erik; Czúcz, Bálint; García-Llorente, Marina; Howard, David; Jacobs, Sander; Karlsen, Martin; Kopperoinen, Leena; Madsen, Andes; Rusch, Graciela; van Eupen, Michiel; Verweij, Peter; Smith, Ron; Tuomasjukka, Diana; Zulian, Grazia. 2017 Selecting methods for ecosystem service assessment: a decision tree approach. Ecosystem Services. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.09.016 Dick, Jan; Turkelboom, Francis; Woods, Helen; Iniesta-Arandia, Irene; Primmer, Eeva; Saarela, Sanna-Riikka; Bezák, Peter; Mederly, Peter; Leone, Michael; Verheyden, Wim; Kelemen, Eszter; Hauck, Jennifer; Andrews, Chris; Antunes, Paula; Aszalós, Réka; Baró, Francesc; Barton, David N.; Berry, Pam; Bugter, Rob; Carvalho, Laurence; Czúcz, Bálint; Dunford-Brown, Rob; Garcia Blanco, Gemma; Geamănă, Nicoleta; Giucă, Relu; Grizzetti, Bruna; ...
Return to Run orthotic rehab initiative successfully returns. High-energy lower-extremity trauma (HELET) is common in modern warfare, often resulting in severe tissue damage, chronic pain, neurovascular injury and significant muscle loss, according to the new research presented today at the 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS).. The Return to Run (RTR) program is an integrated orthotic and rehabilitation initiative designed to return high-level function to wounded warriors. It includes use of the new Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis (IDEO), a custom-fit device made from carbon and fiberglass that supports the foot and ankle allowing for greater mobility and vigorous rehabilitation.. In the study, researchers reviewed RTR records of 14 Special Operations Command (SOCOM) personnel - 10 Army Special Forces, three Navy Sea Air Land (SEALs), and one Air Force Pararescue Jumper (PJ) - who sustained HELET injuries and completed the RTR program. Records were ...
Megan Ishibashi, B.S., Toby Ishizuka, B.A. ABSTRACT Osteotomies that require a large incision site and are performed with a high-energy instrument may result in neurovascular injury and postoperative wound complications. The Gigli saw technique is a minimally invasive alternative to open dissection osteotomies. This technique uses a flexible stainless steel cable with attached handles in…
A recent study indicates that type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with vascular brain lesions that affect cognition and might represent a target for preventive measures. This commentary discusses methods to ascertain vascular contributions to cerebral dysfunction in diabetes mellitus and indicates that we might only be seeing the tip ... read more of the iceberg. show less ...
Read Dietary Protein and Preservation of Physical Functioning Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in the Framingham Offspring Study, American Journal of Epidemiology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
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Serotoninergic pathways underlying delusion symptoms in Alzheimers disease (AD) have not been fully clarified. 5-Hydroxytryptamine transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) is a variable number tandem repeats in the promoter region of serotonin transporter encoding-gene affecting transcription. We investigated the association of 5-HTTLPR with delusions in a total of 257 consecutive patients clinically diagnosed as AD according to the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimers Association criteria. All participants underwent a comprehensive evaluation with a standardized comprehensive geriatric assessment and Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Delusion symptoms were observed in 171 patients (66.54%). In respect to AD patients without delusions, AD patients with delusions showed a low prevalence of S-plus carriers (5-HTTLPR-L/S + 5-HTTLPR-S/S genotypes) [p | 0.001; odds ratio (OR) = 0.240, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.121-0.471]. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for the apolipoprotein E
Severe asphyxia, irrespective of whether it is induced by occlusion of the internal iliac artery or umbilical cord in near-term lambs, results in widespread pathologies to the brain. These include cell death, white matter disruption, oxidative stress, intraparenchymal haemorrhage and inflammation, which is consistent to that observed in infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.29-31 The resultant injury also delays the lambs abilities to (1) use all four legs, (2) attain a standing position, (3) find the udder, and (4) successfully suckle-compared with control lambs.29 It is very interesting that despite a ,20 mm Hg difference in arterial pressure at 5 min following ventilation onset, CaBF was similar between groups. CaBF is controlled primarily at the level of the resistance vessels (arterioles), which also act in response to high blood pressures to limit flow into the brain and protect the more delicate downstream microvessels from high pressures and flows. However, this autoregulatory ...
Brief Overview: Honokiol (DHH-B) is a poly-phenolic compound has been studied for its neuroprotective properties. Its therapeutic potential has been researched in anxiety, pain, cerebrovascular injury, epilepsy, and cognitive disorders including Alzheimers disease. It has been traditionally used in medical practices throughout much of Southeast Asia, but become more widely studied due to its pleiotropic effects. DHH-B, dihydrohonokiol-B, is a natural supplement which has been researched for support of mood and anxiolytic effects. Treatment with DHH-B does not cause any significant changes in motor activity or muscle relaxation. Alcohol should be avoided when using this supplement. This supplement may provoke sleep when alertness is required.. Clinical References:. 1) Kuribara H, Kishi E, Maruyama Y. Does dihydrohonokiol, a potent anxiolytic compound, result in the development of benzodiazepine-like side effects? J Pharm Pharmacol. 2000 Aug;52(8):1017-22. doi: 10.1211/0022357001774741. PMID: ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Correlation between microvascular damage and hepatic clearance in swine liver transplantation. AU - Takasu, S.. AU - Sakagami, K.. AU - Oiwa, T.. AU - Hasuoka, H.. AU - Inagaki, M.. AU - Kurozumi, Y.. AU - Yagi, T.. AU - Miyoshi, K.. AU - Matsuoka, J.. AU - Kusaka, S.. AU - Matsuno, T.. AU - Shiozaki, S.. AU - Orita, K.. PY - 1991/1/1. Y1 - 1991/1/1. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0026016758&partnerID=8YFLogxK. UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026016758&partnerID=8YFLogxK. M3 - Article. C2 - 1990659. AN - SCOPUS:0026016758. VL - 23. SP - 707. EP - 710. JO - Transplantation Proceedings. JF - Transplantation Proceedings. SN - 0041-1345. IS - 1 I. ER - ...
A 75-year-old man is seen for routine follow-up for very severe COPD. He has constant dyspnea and air hunger and spends most of the day in a chair. He has had no change in baseline cough and sputum production. He has had multiple COPD exacerbations that required ICU admission and intubation. He has not benefited from pulmonary rehabilitation in the past. What is the most appropriate management?
TY - JOUR. T1 - Efficacy of manipulation for non-specific neck pain of recent onset. T2 - Design of a randomised controlled trial. AU - Leaver, Andrew M.. AU - Refshauge, Kathryn M.. AU - Maher, Christopher G.. AU - Latimer, Jane. AU - Herbert, Rob D.. AU - Jull, Gwendolen. AU - McAuley, James H.. PY - 2007. Y1 - 2007. N2 - Background. Manipulation is a common treatment for non-specific neck pain. Neck manipulation, unlike gentler forms of manual therapy such as mobilisation, is associated with a small risk of serious neurovascular injury and can result in stroke or death. It is thought however, that neck manipulation provides better results than mobilisation where clinically indicated. There is long standing and vigorous debate both within and between the professions that use neck manipulation as well as the wider scientific community as to whether neck manipulation potentially does more harm than good. The primary aim of this study is to determine whether neck manipulation provides more rapid ...
Cerebrovascular injuries, whether from trauma, surgery or internal chronic conditions, are all too often the cause of permanent disability, if not fatal outcomes. It is perhaps because of the very severity and hopelessness of these cases that they constitute some of the most frustrating and at the same time most rewarding work a homeopath can engage in. ...
Cerebrovascular injuries, whether from trauma, surgery or internal chronic conditions, are all too often the cause of permanent disability, if not fatal outcomes. It is perhaps because of the very severity and hopelessness of these cases that they constitute some of the most frustrating and at the same time most rewarding work a homeopath can engage in. ...
Advanced temperature modulation techniques now allow for the elimination of fever as well as controlled hypothermia. However, as demonstrated in this study, shivering is frequently encountered (64%), and the severity of shivering as measured by the BSAS is strongly associated with graded increases in systemic metabolism. The application of therapeutic normothermia or hypothermia has not been shown to improve outcome after cerebrovascular injury, and the metabolic consequences of shivering may prove to be a limiting step in demonstrating the benefits of therapeutic temperature modulation. A scale that can simply and reliably detect and quantify shivering can be used as an end point for antishivering interventions and may play an important role in minimizing the day-to-day complications of cerebrovascular patients undergoing therapeutic temperature modulation in the intensive care unit.. Previous reports have considered shivering to be a binary event;8-10 however, the metabolic impact of shivering ...
A 64-year-old woman with a significant medical history sees her cardiologist for a routine follow-up after a second MI. How do you minimize her risk for future ASCVD events?
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Full clinical assessment is required, including evaluation of the soft tissues to determine whether a compartment syndrome is present and whether the patient has sustained a neurovascular injury. Gent... more
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Irina Victorovna Gannushkina had a lifelong interest in experimental neurology. Her fundamental studies of collateral blood circulation in the brain, individual susceptibility to cerebral ischaemia, and cerebrovascular biomechanics opened new perspectives for neurology and neurosurgery clinics. She also studied neuroimmunology and demonstrated the role of autoimmune factor in the pathogenesis of stroke, traumatic brain injury, and other nervous diseases. She wrote Collateral Cerebral Blood Circulation (1973) and Immunological Aspects of Traumatic and Vascular Brain Lesions (1974) and coauthored Hypertonic Encephalopathy (1987) and Immunopathology of Traumatic Brain Injury (1996).. Irina Gannushkina was born in Moscow in 1929 into a medical family (her father was a neurologist and her mother a nurse). As a student in the paediatric faculty of the Stalin Moscow State Medical Institute N2, she became interested in pathology and spent four years at the students society of the chair of pathology (in ...
Piotr Sosnik is Former Vice Chair-Supervisory at Przedsiebiorstwo Farmaceutyczne Jelfa SA. See Piotr Sosniks compensation, career history, education, & memberships.
So, after almost 17 months of twitching, I have now had my second EMG (the first one was early on in after about 6 weeks of twitching). This time they did my most active leg - my right leg. The doctor heard a few twitches in the EMG, but he said they were totally benign. Everything about how my muscles were acting when tensed and then relaxed were normal. For the most part my muscles were very quiet when relaxed. I have been doing a bit better in the last week - my anxiety is down a bit and I think I am starting to deal better with this (I hope entering into a remission phase like I did last winter. He and the nurse both confirmed that worrying, stress and anxiety make twitches so much worse. He finished the exam with, Well, I am sorry to say that you are going to be around for a long time. See you in 6 months for a routine follow-up ...