Looking for Ceratopogonidae? Find out information about Ceratopogonidae. a family of insects of the order Diptera. Body length, 1-2.5 mm. The insects are distributed everywhere but are most numerous in forests. In the USSR there... Explanation of Ceratopogonidae

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui. Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie; Staps. Abstract : The Schultzei group of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is distributed throughout Africa to northern Asia and Australasia and includes several potential vector species of livestock pathogens. The taxonomy of the species belonging to this species group is confounded by the wide geographical distribution and morphological variation exhibited by many species. In this work, morphological and molecular approaches were combined to assess the taxonomic validity of the species and morphological variants of the Schultzei group found in Senegal by comparing their genetic diversity with that of specimens from other geographical regions. The species list for Senegal was updated with four species: Culicoides kingi, C. oxystoma, C. enderleini and C. nevilli being recorded. This is the first record of C. oxystoma from Africa south of Sahara, and its genetic ...

Introduction. Small (, 3 mm) blood-feeding flies of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are associated worldwide with the transmission of several pathogens to a variety of hosts (Borkent 2005; Meiswinkel, Venter & Nevill 2004). Of the more than 66 viruses (Borkent 2005) isolated from Culicoides midges, African horse sickness virus (AHSV) is probably the most devastating to South Africa owing to its effect on the horse industry. Despite the widespread use of live-attenuated African horse sickness (AHS) vaccines, more than 1500 horses in South Africa have succumbed to AHS since 2005 (African Horse Sickness Trust 2012). This relatively high death rate can partly be ascribed to the large numbers of vectors, Culicoides species, present in the endemic AHS areas of South Africa. Culicoides imicola Kieffer (C. imicola), the most abundant livestock-associated Culicoides species, is considered to be a proven vector of AHSV (Meiswinkel et al. 2004; Mellor, Boorman & Baylis 2000). Under ...

At least 19 mosquito species in the genera Anopheles, Culex, Aedes and Armigeres have been documented as hosts of C. anophelis (Table 1). These data indicate that C. anophelis has a broad host range. Furthermore, the infestation is commonly seen in the mosquito specimens in field collections [1-3]. In a recent report the midges were found on 8 of 11 (72.7%) An. stephensi collected in cattle sheds in India [4]. In another report from India, the prevalence of C. anophelis was 6.7% (87/1297) in five midge collections from April to August in 2004 [5]. Interestingly, in the same report, some of C. anophelis were caught directly on cattle and buffaloes, which indicates that C. anophelis can feed on animals other than mosquitoes [5]. Certain mosquitoes and Culicoides midges are vectors for arboviruses that cause human and/or animal diseases, such as mosquito-borne Dengue virus, West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and midge-borne bluetongue virus, Oropouche virus and Schmallenberg virus ...

Interpretive Summary: Technical Abstract: The biting midge Culicoides sonorensis, a known arboviral insect vector, has been implicated as a possible vector for vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in the western United States. Within a competent insect vector, virus from a meal must be able to penetrate the midgut barrier, infect the midgut epithelium, replicate, and disseminate to the epidemiologically significant organs; salivary glands and eggs. This amplification and dissemination must occur without significant damage to the insects cells. Infection studies were performed in both Culicoides cell lines and insects to examine the replication of VSV. In vitro, Culicoides cells were susceptible and permissive. VSV infections were productive and persistent resulting in little or no cytopathology or apoptosis. In vivo, RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and electron microscopy revealed that VSV was able to escape the midgut barrier, disseminate quickly and replicate in epithelial, neural and hemolymph ...

Culicoides midges belonging to 26 different species were collected (Table 1). Culicoides imicola was dominant throughout the period (Table 1). The mean numbers of C. imicola collected per night ranged from 58.5 in July 2011 to 48 650.4 in March 2011 (Table 1). Its representation ranged from 74.9% in January 2011 to 96.2% in August 2010 whilst its mean representation was 90.8% (Table 1). The second most abundant species, Culicoides enderleini, accounted for 2.3% of the total number (Table 1) and its highest mean number (1598.6) was collected in March 2011 (Table 1). This species was absent from the collections made in July (Table 1). Culicoides nevilli, at 1.4%, was the third most abundant (Table 1). In the table, where Culicoides species numbers appear instead of a species name, the numbering system of Meiswinkel (1995) was followed to refer to as yet undescribed species.. Parous females (females that have had at least one blood meal and completed one gonotrophic cycle and therefore potentially ...

AbstractThe aim of the study was to estimate and compare the distribution of Culicoides biting midges species at farms with different main hosts - cattle and horse. Culicoides spp. are known vectors of arboviruses including African horse sickness virus (AHSV), bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV). The latter two have been already reported in Polish ruminants recently, while AHSV remains absent, however the risk of its emergence has been increasing in the recent years. In order to establish the activity of potential AHSV vector at vicinity of horses, an OVI midge trap has been placed at the horse stables in the southeastern Poland. Another trap has been placed 7 km away at the cattle farm. The collections were carried over the midge activity season from April until November 2016. The midge abundances at both sites were comparable with the total numbers of insects trapped of 43,153 and 34,829 at the cattle and horse farm, respectively. Midges belonging to C. obsoletus/scoticus complex were

Citation: Bennett, K.E., Hopper, J.E., Stuart, M.A., West, M.S., Drolet, B.S. 2008. Effects of Viral Infection on Blood Feeding Behavior and Fecundity in Culicoides Sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Interpretive Summary: Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) is the primary vector of bluetongue virus (BTV) in North America and has been shown to be a competent vector of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV). To determine whether infection with VSV or BTV affects blood feeding, midges were injected with VSV, BTV, or virus-free cell lysate and held 2, 3, or 4 days post inoculation (DPI) for VSV or 2, 4, or 7 DPI for BTV before being offered a non-infectious blood meal. Viral growth curves were determined for each virus. Measurements of fecundity, egg viability and days from hatching to the emergence of pupae were taken for individual females. The effect of viral infection in C. sonorensis on virus transmission and epidemiology is ...

Biting midges, Culicoides, of the Obsoletus group and the Pulicaris group have been involved in recent outbreaks of bluetongue virus and the former was also involved in the Schmallenberg virus outbreak in northern Europe. For the first time, here we investigate the local abundance pattern of these two species groups in the field by intensive sampling with a grid of light traps on 16 catch nights. Neighboring trap catches can be spatially dependent on each other, hence we developed a conditional autoregressive (CAR) model framework to test a number of spatial and non-spatial covariates expected to affect Culicoides abundance. The distance to sheep penned in the corner of the study field significantly increased the abundance level up to 200 meters away from the sheep. Spatial clustering was found to be significant but could not be explained by any known factors, and cluster locations shifted between catch nights. No significant temporal autocorrelation was detected. CAR models for both species groups

TY - JOUR. T1 - Hematophagous diptera collected from a horse and paired carbon dioxide-baited suction trap in southern California. T2 - Relevance to West Nile virus epizootiology. AU - Gerry, Alec C.. AU - Nawaey, Tamim M.. AU - Sanghrajka, Parag B.. AU - Wisniewska, Joanna. AU - Hullinger, Pam. PY - 2008/1/1. Y1 - 2008/1/1. N2 - Hematophagous Diptera landing on a horse were removed by vacuum, and their numbers were related to a paired carbon dioxide-baited suction trap at three locations in southern California where West Nile virus activity was high during the preceding year. Insects collected from the horse included mosquitoes (nine species), biting midges (Culicoides sonorensis Wirth & Jones), and black flies (Simulium bivittatum Malloch). Mosquitoes were predominantly collected from the head, crest, withers, neck, chest, and shoulders of the horse, whereas biting midges and black flies were predominantly collected from the ventral midline of the horse. Culex erythrothorax Dyar was by far the ...

Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are currently the most important biological vectors of livestock arboviruses in Europe. Outbreaks of bluetongue virus (BTV) and Schmallenberg virus (SBV) continue to have a significant economic impact through clinical disease and the imposition of animal trade movement restrictions. At least three Culicoides-borne viruses recently identified in Europe possess an unknown origin, hence future outbreaks involving described or undescribed strains or species of Culicoides-borne viruses have a high potential of occurring in the future. These viruses could include further incursions of known arboviruses (including additional species of Culicoides-borne arboviruses such as African horse sickness or Epizootic Haemorhagic Disease Virus) or as yet undescribed species with an unknown pathogenicity to livestock or humans. In this project we will dissect Culicoides vector-arbovirus relationships across multiple ecosystems and species and in unprecedented ...

Abstract Two viruses were isolated from ceratopogonid midges collected in northern Colorado. Electron microscopy indicated that both isolates were bunyavirus-like. Indirect fluorescent antibody and serum dilution-plaque reduction neutralization tests showed that these isolates were members of the Tete serogroup, most closely related antigenically to Tete and Batama viruses but distinguishable from both and from each other. We suggest the name Weldona virus for these isolates. Antibody in both waterfowl and passerine birds in norther Colorado indicates the enzootic presence of these viruses in northern Colorado and raises unanswered questions about the introduction and establishment of Tete serogroup viruses in the Americas.

The Minnesota Board of Animal Health has confirmed the first cases of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD) in farmed deer in southeastern Minnesota. EHD is a viral disease affecting members of the deer family, Cervidae, and is widespread across areas of North America and many other parts of the world. It is transmitted by biting midges (Culicoides genus) Many different deer species may be infected with EHD, but white-tailed deer are highly susceptible, and experience high rates of mortality. Occasionally, cases of EHD have been reported in cattle, bison, and other ruminant species.. The affected animals were part of a small white-tailed deer herd in Goodhue County. On September 29, 2018 all of the deer were acting normally and were fed treats in the evening. The following morning, September 30, most of the animals were slow and did not come up to eat, and by evening two of the animals died. On the morning of October 1, most of the remaining animals were extremely lethargic, dull, and recumbent. ...

Portal to information on the insect order Diptera (flies and midges) and a forum for researchers on the insect group. The site enables, for example, link submission and identification queries. Registration required for submissions.

Diagnosis: Only species in the hylas group with slender third palpal segment, apices of veins M1, M2 broadly pale, apex of CuA1 with small pale spot and apex of CuA2 dark, spermathecae without sclerotized necks, male tergite 9 with a distinct distal notch, gonostylus with subapical tooth and with V-shaped base of the separate portion of parameres.. Male: Similar to female with usual sexual differences. Wing length 1.19 mm; width 0.41 mm; CR 0.65. Genitalia (Fig. 1): tergite 9 somewhat truncated, distinctly notched posteromedially, cerci pointed; sternite 9 with with shallow posteromedial excavation. Gonocoxite 2.4 times longer than broad; gonostylus yellow, slightly shorter than gonocoxite, nearly straight, with suabapical tooth, tip pointed. Parameres (Fig. 2) stout, broadly fused at base, fused portion 1.5 broader than long; separate portion V-shaped at base, each abruptly tapering to terminal filament with very fine fringing hairs distally. Aedeagus triangular, 1.7 times longer than broad, ...

Also known as Queensland Itch, Seasonal Recurrent Dermatitis (SSRD) , Summer Itch or more technically, Culicoides Hypersensitivity. Sweet Itch is a medical condition in equines caused by an allergic response to the bites of Culicoides midges. It may be found in any horses and ponies, especially in the warmer regions. It may also occur, too, in other equines. It is also found in Canada, Australia, the US and many other parts of the world. A hypersensitivity reaction to specific allergens (protein molecules causing an extreme immune response in sensitised individuals) in the saliva of Culicoides midges. There are multiple allergens involved, although some workers claim that the larger proteins (of molecular weight 65kDa) are the most important. These allergens appear to be cross-reactive across many species of Culicoides - i.e. many different varieties of midges produce similar allergens, giving the same effects upon horses. The hypersensitivity response is mediated by IgE, an antibody produced by ...

Rollo is a very itchy horse and, very nearly, suffers from sweet itch (an allergic dermatitic reaction caused by a protein in the saliva of the biting Culicoides midge). Sweet itch can be a devastating condition resulting in sometimes such extreme pruritus that skin damage can result - the horse scratches its skin to try and rid itself of the persistent itching (often centered around the mane and tail areas) to the point of seriously exfoliating the skin at worst, and at best really messing with their mane and tail often losing a lot of hair in the process! So horse owners are very keen to try and wage war against said Culicoides midges, not only to save the horse agro, but also because the horse looks a mess if Culicoides wins! Also, they are bloody annoying to me too as they seem to like me! Bastards.. So I have had to be really careful as a result of Rollo displaying early signs of sweet itch - he goes out in a fly rug (or perhaps that should be called an anti-fly rug) during the day ...

Dry mouth is one of the common complaints of elderly people, and can accompany various disorders. The physicians of patients in the oximeter group were at liberty to obtain arterial blood gas determinations during the study if they desired. We hereby report a 20 yr old male who sustained ipsilateral floating hip and ipsilateral floating knee injuries following motor vehicle accident. The authors are of the opinion that the generic cialis available flap does not match the color of the eyelid region, and therefore suggest that if used, prefabrication or a second procedure is needed. Laboratory colonization of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). In the adult population pain from this muscle is well documented.. To determine the prevalence, clinical picture, and disease burden of arthritis in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis. amazonensis, and ultrastructural generic cialis available and flow cytometry data indicate the mitochondrion as a target of edelfosine. Intestinal picture ...

I am a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council CASE PhD student based at The Pirbright Institute (TPI), a University partner. At TPI I am in the Entomology group investigating behavioural and immunological control of Culicoides biting midges in the United Kingdom. These tiny biting flies are the biological vectors of several important arboviruses of ruminants, notably bluetongue virus and Schmallenberg virus, and my project focuses on reducing the transmission of these arboviruses in economically viable ways.. The investigations encompass two important aspects of Culicoides population control; the use of vector-proof housing and also immunological approaches targeting insect salivary proteins. The studies involving Culicoides salivary proteins is in collaboration with the Orbivirus research group, supervised by Karin Darpel. As part of her PhD, Laura will also be working with her industrial partner APS Biocontrol inDundee under the supervision of Alison Blackwell.. ...

Bluetongue is a non-contagious, viral disease affecting domestic and wild ruminants (primarily sheep and including cattle and goats), that is transmitted by insects, particularly biting midges.. The severity of disease varies among different species with symptoms being most severe in sheep resulting in death, weight loss and disruption in wool growth. In highly susceptible sheep, morbidity can be as high as 100%. Mortality averages from 2-30% but can be as high as 70%. Cattle often have a higher infection rate than sheep and demonstration and severity of clinical signs varies depending on the strain of virus.. Where is the disease found?. Blue Tongue has a significant global distribution in regions where the insect vector (ie, biting midges species Culicoides) is present, including Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and North America. The virus is maintained in areas where the climate will allow biting midges to survive over winter. The geographical distribution of the insect vector species ...

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (2014), 18(4), 480-487. La fièvre catarrhale ovine (FCO) est une arbovirose qui affecte les ruminants domestiques et sauvages. Depuis sa récente apparition en Europe du Nord, cette épizootie virale a engendré des pertes ... [more ▼]. La fièvre catarrhale ovine (FCO) est une arbovirose qui affecte les ruminants domestiques et sauvages. Depuis sa récente apparition en Europe du Nord, cette épizootie virale a engendré des pertes économiques considérables. Les vecteurs biologiques du virus de la FCO sont des moucherons piqueurs appartenant au genre Culicoides (Diptera : Ceratopogonidae). Plusieurs campagnes de piégeage lumineux de ces moucherons adultes ont été réalisées précédemment en Belgique au sein dexploitations bovines et ovines, mais aucune à lintérieur des exploitations porcines. Cette étude vise donc à évaluer, au moyen de pièges lumineux, les ...

Allergic Eczema: Also known as allergic dermatitis and is characterized commonly in horses as sweet itch, summer eczema, Queensland itch in Australia, summer mange and kasen in Japan. This is a hypersensitivity reaction to the bite of insects, especially biting midges (Culicoides spp.) The condition has been shown to have a hereditary aspect. (taken from Rooney & Robertson, Equine Pathology, Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. 1996). [return]. Athletic Performance: Horses are prized for their athletic performances in racing, jumping, High School riding and for the ability to perform variations of different gaits. Heredity plays a major role in performance and enhancing performance will entail understanding the genetics of performance traits. [return]. Anterior Segment Dysgenesis This is a congenital eye disease, apparent at birth but not progressive. It appears to have a hereditary component and is under investigation in Rocky Mountain Horses and Miniature Horses. (learn ...

Wbranch posted: Are Ceratopogonidae multi generational throughout spring, summer, and fall? I am plagued by them at my cabin particularly when it is warm with no breeze and I ...

KIEFFER (1913a) created Melanepyris to accommodate the African species Epyris imicola Kieffer, 1913 which has glabrous eyes, propodeal disc without posterior carina, and simple claws. Latter, KIEFFER (1922) described a Philippinean species, Melanepyris asiaticus Kieffer, 1922, with simple claws and propodeal disc with inconspicuous posterior carina. In his original description, KIEFFER (1913a) did not state whether M. asiaticus has glabrous or hairy eyes.. Both species are known only from their types, which have not been studied since the time of their original descriptions (KIEFFER 1913b, 1922) and had been considered lost. In a recent visit to the Muséum National dHistoire Naturelle in Paris, we were able to find the type of M. asiaticus. During analysis of the latter, we have concluded that Melanepyris is a junior synonym of Epyris Westwood.. Given the scenario described above, the present study has the following goals: (1) to propose Melanepyris as a new junior synonym of Epyris, with the ...

In the western United States, blood-sucking members of the fly family lay their eggs in the soft mud near water troughs that quench thirsty livestock. These tiny but hardy insects are biting midges known as Culicoides (ku-li-COY-deez) sonorensis. Adult midges are only about as long as a nickel is thick.. But size can be deceptive. C. sonorensis are known to be disease carriers, or vectors, that transmit bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic viruses among livestock and wildlife. They are also suspected vectors of other viruses, such as vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), which infects cattle, horses, and swine.. VSV causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry from sickness, quarantines, and export limitations. Scientists believe that VSV spreads between quarantined herds by insects, but the main insect vector of VSV in the U.S. western plains is still unknown.. Microbiologist Barbara Drolet, with the ARS Arthropod-Borne Animal Diseases Research Laboratory in Laramie, Wyoming, has ...

V920, rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP, is a recombinant vesicular stomatitis-Zaire ebolavirus vaccine which has shown an acceptable safety profile and provides a protective immune response against Ebola virus disease (EVD) induced by Zaire ebolavirus in humans. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the V920 vaccine is capable of replicating in arthropod cell cultures of relevant vector species and of replicating in live mosquitoes. While the V920 vaccine replicated well in Vero cells, no replication was observed in Anopheles or Aedes mosquito, Culicoides biting midge, or Lutzomyia sand fly cells, nor in live Culex or Aedes mosquitoes following exposure through intrathoracic inoculation or feeding on a high-titer infectious blood meal ...

VMERGE - Emerging viral vector borne diseases is an EU FP7 funded project formed of 16 partners over 12 countries and runs from 2013 - 2016. The project website can be found here.. The project intends to address the risk of emerging viral vector borne diseases in two main categories of arthropods known to transmit important animal and zoonotic diseases: mosquitoes (Aedes and Culex), and Culicoides biting midges. A research proposal targeting potential emerging viral disease risks related to these vectors will be carried out through original and integrated multidisciplinary approaches including:. ...

Whitetail Sales & Supplies is your #1 source for all of your Deer Farming and Breeder Needs. We offer Fawn Care products from Milk Replacer to Bottles and Nipples, Probiotics, Vaccines, Fencing, Handling Equipment, Deer Chutes, Grain Mixers, Feed Supplements and everything you need for EHD prevention from the Culicoides biting Midge, ticks and Flies. We are your one stop shop for ULV Foggers and Misting Equipment, chemicals, pesticides and PBO.

Whitetail Sales & Supplies is your #1 source for all of your Deer Farming and Breeder Needs. We offer Fawn Care products from Milk Replacer to Bottles and Nipples, Probiotics, Vaccines, Fencing, Handling Equipment, Deer Chutes, Grain Mixers, Feed Supplements and everything you need for EHD prevention from the Culicoides biting Midge, ticks and Flies. We are your one stop shop for ULV Foggers and Misting Equipment, chemicals, pesticides and PBO.

Skin itch can be maddening, for horses and owners alike. Horses become uncomfortable to ride and impossible to rug, and lack of rest can lead to behavioural difficulties, the cumulation of which may severely hamper your progress with your horses training and athletic endeavours.. The most common form of itch is Queensland Itch (sweet itch, summer itch, seasonal recurrent dermatitis), an allergic reaction to being bitten by Culicoides midges. These midges saliva contains protein molecules to which some horses hyper-react - releasing a stream of histamine and cytokines which cause the intensely itchy feeling your horse experiences. Other less common causes of itching include allergy to feed ingredients, topical allergy to pasture grasses or pollens, pinworms, neck threadworms and summer sores (all parasitic infestations). In the case of parasitic infestations, your veterinarian can diagnose these infestations and suggest an appropriate de-wormer. It is worth seeking allergy testing for your ...

25 26 26 A 15-month-old Limousin heifer presents with anorexia and is obtunded. 7°F). There is marked photophobia, blepharospasm, and corneal opacity. There are slight mucopurulent ocular and nasal discharges. The muzzle is markedly hyperaemic with sloughing of the overlying epithelium which bleeds readily on contact (26). There is increased saliva tion. There is a marked generalized peri pheral lymphadenopathy. The heifer is hyperaesthesic to tactile stimuli, especially around the head. There are no skin lesions. Iv. Control of bluetongue is very difficult because of the large number of potential hosts and virus serotypes. While control is aimed at keeping susceptible animals away from the vector this is not always practical. Control of the Culicoides vector can be attempted with pour-on insecticides, but this is expensive and does not achieve total freedom from the midge. Killed vaccines are used extensively worldwide and were successfully used in the UK in 2008. Most modified live vaccines ...

Experts can register and upload data to the common database through the VectorNet tool. VectorNet is looking for vector-borne disease experts who are interested in sharing data on the distribution of mosquito, tick, sand fly and culicoides vectors. ...

Sommareksem är en allvarlig kronisk hudinflammation som orsakas av en överkänslighet mot saliv från bitande insekter, framför allt Culicoides spp (svidknott). Sjukdomen är vanligt förekommande samt medicinskt svårbehandlad. Profylaktiska åtgärder är avgörande för att förebygga och lindra symptomen. Trots att sjukdomen påverkar hästens välbefinnande saknas det fortvarande studier kring hur stort lidande sjukdomen medför drabbade hästar. Dessutom finns det endast få studier som undersökt hur knottangrepp kan förhindras och därmed hur man kan förebygga sjukdomen. Det finns två mål med denna studie: 1) att dokumentera hur sommareksem påverkar hästens välfärd ur djurskyddssynpunkt och 2) att undersöka hur knottangrepp kan förhindras. Studien skall prova en ny metod för att förhindra knottangrepp och undersöka om det ökar hästarnas välbefinnande: ett insektsrepellerande halsband med repellerande doftämnen istället av kemiska insekticider.

1. Add 300 μl (about 6 drops) of Buffer A solution from bottle into the mixing tube.. 2. To collect male specimen, only one swab is needed. To collect female specimen, two swabs are needed.. In order to collect the specimen, follow the instructions below:. Male Specimen Collection:. - Insert one swab into the urethra of the penis.. - Gently rotate swab with sufficient pressure for 3-5 seconds to collect epithelial cells.. - Allow the swab to stay inserted for a few seconds.. - Withdraw the swab carefully. Avoid any contact with any external surface to prevent contamination.. Female Specimen Collection:. - Remove discharge at the vaginal opening, and discard the swab and throw it away.. - Insert the second swab into the vagina.. - Rub and rotate the swab against vagina for 30 seconds.. - Withdraw the swab carefully. Avoid any contact with vaginal mucus or any external surface to prevent contamination.. 3. Insert the swab with the collected specimen into the mixing tube, and rotate briefly to mix ...

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Jenelle Evans husband Courtland Rogers is lobbing some shocking allegations at her former boyfriend Kieffer Delp, blaming him for her...

She tells us exclusively that they havent moved in together. But by the sound of it, that could change very soon! Ah, just what we suspected! Teen Mom 2 stars Jenelle Evans, 19, and Kieffer Delp, 20, have rekindled their romance. Yes, Jenelle told E! News. We are back together.

Helicotylenchus ciceri n. sp. and H. scoticus are described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characters. The new species is characterised by a conical and truncated lip region with five or six distinct annuli, stylet 32-37 μm long with anteriorly concave knobs, secretory-excretory pore posterior to the pharyngo-intestinal valve, dorsally convex-conoid tail with a terminal projection, phasmids 14 (7-20) annuli anterior to the level of anus, empty spermatheca and absence of males. Intraspecific variation of 16 populations of H. scoticus, collected from chickpea and lentil fields in Kermanshah province, western Iran, is discussed. The results of the phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the partial 18S rRNA, D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S rRNA and ITS rRNA genes are provided for the studied species, confirming their differences from each other and determining the position of them and their relationships with closely related species. ...

Sweet Itch in horses is a skin condition caused by an immune response to the saliva of the insect the biting midge, which causes a histamine release. Although not all horses experience this histamine release, in those that do it leads to extreme swelling. - Wag! (formerly Vetary)

Vector sampling protocols outlining the recommended methods for collecting vectors have been issued today by ECDC and EFSA, to support entomologists and public-health professionals in Europe. It is a first attempt to summarise best-practices in terms of methods and strategies for sampling mosquitoes, sandflies, biting midges and ticks.. ...

The description of species of Scelionidae began with Linnaeus (1758), and the first genus was described by Latreille (1802). The group was first catalogued on a worldwide basis by Dalla Torre (1898), and most recently by Johnson (1992). The dominant figure in the early 20th century was Jean-Jacques Kieffer (1857-1925), whose posthumously published monograph (1926) brought together descriptions and keys to nearly all taxa known from around the world. Kieffer divided the family into five subfamilies: Telenominae, Baeinae, Teleasinae, Scelioninae, and Platygasterinae (the last now classified as a separate family). Muesebeck & Walkley (1956) began the process of stabilizing the nomenclature by designating and tabulating the type species of all genera. The most significant progress in the systematics of the group was made in the landmark paper by Lubom�r Masner (1976), that included new keys to the world fauna; a critical assessment of the identity and status of described genera with extensive ...

It sounds like pretty classic Culicoides hypersensitivity to me (Sweet Itch). You described the classic pattern - mane, tail, midline - that Culicoides targets. Theres a good bit of management you can do for this - putting a fan on the horse to keep the bugs away (and not a gentle breeze box fan - you gotta get the big metal power fan with some real air output), keeping a light sheet on if possible, turning out during periods of the day when bugs are least active (they are MOST active at dawn and dusk), using LOTS of fly spray etc (I like Bug Off wipe-on product - its a more concentrated permethrin product than some of the others, and you can wipe it directly on and around the affected areas ...

Can be a Vector of DiseaseVWR offers slides for the varied purposes of your lab. Prepared and digital microscope slides for educational purposes are featured in an array of fields. General purpose microscope slides and cover glasses are offered as well as cavity, chamber, adhesion, and microarray slides for more specific research needs. Disposable and reusable options of varying thickness and diameter are available and may be purchased in kits, packs, cases, or individually.

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|p>East Carolina University (ECU) seeks applications and nominations for the Vice Chancellor for Administration and Finance (VCAF) position. |br /> |br /> ECU is a member of the 17 constituent insti

Trinity Health, located in Livonia, Michigan, seeks a dynamic clinical leader, for the position of Vice President, Chief Nursing Informatics Officer (CNIO).. ...

All about Insects of Micronesia : Diptera: Ceratopogonidae (Bernice P. Bishop Museum) by Masaaki Tokunaga. LibraryThing is a cataloging and social networking site for booklovers

Looking for online definition of biting midge in the Medical Dictionary? biting midge explanation free. What is biting midge? Meaning of biting midge medical term. What does biting midge mean?

Bluetongue disease is a non-contagious, insect-borne, viral disease of ruminants, mainly sheep and less frequently cattle, goats, buffalo, deer, dromedaries, and antelope. It is caused by the Bluetongue virus (BTV). The virus is transmitted by the midge Culicoides imicola, Culicoides variipennis, and other culicoids. In sheep, BTV causes an acute disease with high morbidity and mortality. BTV also infects goats, cattle and other domestic animals as well as wild ruminants (for example, blesbuck, white-tailed deer, elk, and pronghorn antelope). Major signs are high fever, excessive salivation, swelling of the face and tongue and cyanosis of the tongue. Swelling of the lips and tongue gives the tongue its typical blue appearance, though this sign is confined to a minority of the animals. Nasal signs may be prominent, with nasal discharge and stertorous respiration. Some animals also develop foot lesions, beginning with coronitis, with consequent lameness. In sheep, this can lead to knee-walking. In ...

INTRODUCTION Phytotelmata are aquatic micro-environments formed by accumulation of water in any part of the body of plants such as leaves, flowers, stems or trunks (Frank & Lounibos, 1983). The communities of organisms that live in them are composed mainly of insects, immature stages of Diptera being dominant (Fish, 1983). The fact that phytotelmata are easy to handle small pools of water which allow to design experiments in natural conditions could account for the various studies carried out on them. Furthermore, some phytotelmata are important habitats that produce mosquito vectors of human diseases (Frank et al., 1988; OMeara et al., 1995). The phytotelmata of Argentina have not been explored in depth, and only a few studies related to the invertebrate community living therein have been published. The first one was conducted in the subtropical region of Corrientes province, regarding the Bromeliaceae Aechmea distichantha Lemaire (Torales et al., 1972); it described the physical and chemical ...

Brazil, which has recently suffered serious outbreaks of Zika virus and yellow fever, now faces a new threat, according to reports from local scientists: Oropouche fever.. The Oropouche virus, named for a river in Trinidad, where it was first isolated in 1955, circulates in monkeys and sloths in the Amazon jungle. The virus has caused occasional outbreaks, short but intense, in towns in tropical areas of Brazil, Peru and Panama, and on some Caribbean islands.. But in the last few years, Oropouche cases have turned up more often in urban areas, including some in northeast Brazil, where Zika began its explosive spread in this hemisphere.. Oropouche causes symptoms resembling those of dengue: high fever, headaches and joint pain, nausea and malaise. The infection is not normally fatal, although it can cause meningitis - dangerous brain stem swelling - if it reaches the spinal fluid. There is no vaccine.. The virus is typically transmitted by a biting midge, Culicoides paraensis, that ranges from ...

Simon Carpenter looks at the role of Culicoides species in the transmission of orbiviruses and, in the light of a paper summarised in this weeks Veterinary Record, the particular implications regarding zoological collections. THE unprecedented emergence of bluetongue virus (BTV) in the north-western Palaearctic during 2006 led to a great deal of speculation regarding both the origin of the strain involved and the route by which it was carried into this region (Carpenter and others 2009). While initial suspicion naturally lay with those strains that were already circulating in southern Europe, this was swiftly dispelled by identification of the virus as a strain of serotype 8 (BTV-8), which had not been previously identified in the EU. Following this, phylogenetic analysis was able to reduce the likely area of origin to sub-Saharan Africa, although the limited number of strains available for comparison … ...

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TY - DATA. T1 - Culicoides pulicaris isolate Cul269 cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene, partial cds; mitochondrial. A2 - Kristensen, Michael. A2 - Lassen, Sandra. A2 - Nielsen, Søren Achim. PY - 2011/4/1. Y1 - 2011/4/1. M3 - Dataset. CY - NCBI GenBank. ER - ...

Epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an arthropod-transmitted viral disease of certain wild ungulates, notably North American white-tailed deer and, more rarely, cattle. The disease in white-tailed deer results from vascular injury analogous to that caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), to which EHD virus (EHDV) is closely related. There are seven serotypes of EHDV recognised, and Ibaraki virus, which is the cause of sporadic disease outbreaks in cattle in Asia, is included in EHDV serotype 2. The global distribution and epidemiology of BTV and EHDV infections are also similar, as both viruses occur throughout temperate and tropical regions of the world where they are transmitted by biting Culicoides midges and infect a wide variety of domestic and wild ungulates. However, the global distribution and epidemiology of EHDV infection are less well characterised than they are for BTV. Whereas most natural and experimental EHDV infections (other than Ibaraki virus infection) of livestock are ...

Most of what we know about omega fatty acids is derived from research in other animal species including humans. There is however some equine research that does lend support to supplementing diets with Omega 3 fatty acids. In a study that used 16 horses with arthritis, Manhart et al (2009) reported that horses supplemented with DHA and EPA experienced a greater decrease in joint fluid white blood cell counts and lower plasma prostaglandin E2 levels (an Omega 6 derived prostaglandin which is a pro-inflammatory pain producer and plays a major role in osteo-arthritis. It is this prostaglandin that many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs block the production of to reduce pain and inflammation).. A study published in the Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research in 2002 (ONeill et al) looked at the ability of flaxseed to reduce the inflammation associated with culicoides (midge) hypersensitivity (sweet itch or Queensland itch). These researchers reported that feeding 1 lb of flaxseed per 1000 lb of ...

Biting midges have a histamine like substance in their saliva which can cause intense itching in sensitive individuals. To prevent acute allergic reaction and allow the body to develop its own immunity to midge bites vitamin B1 (thiamine) can be tried. This vitamin has an anti-histamine type action. Biting midge expert, Dr. Eric Reye, suggests an adult dose of 200mg twice a day with meals, preferably starting 2 weeks before exposure to midge. As immunity is developed this dose can be reduced. The development of personal immunity generally comes with a regular exposure to low numbers of midge bites, not occasional heavy exposure. Persons who have a more acute reaction to midge bites may require anti-histamine drugs at times. You should consult your family doctor before trialling these drug therapies ...

University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Extension outreach is a partnership between state, federal, and county governments to provide scientific knowledge and expertise to the public. The University of Florida (UF), together with Florida A&M University (FAMU), administers the Florida Cooperative Extension Service.

Choosing to participate in a study is an important personal decision. Talk with your doctor and family members or friends about deciding to join a study. To learn more about this study, you or your doctor may contact the study research staff using the contacts provided below. For general information, Learn About Clinical Studies. ...

Jenelle Evans ex-boyfriend Kieffer Delp was arrested on Halloween night for breaking and entering into Jenelles home on Oct. 23. This incident came after he was caught driving on an expired license - and he was taken to North Carolinas Brunswick County Jail on Oct. 31. Jenelle kept mum on the arrest until Nov. 2, when she revealed what happened on Twitter.. ...

The Kieffer or Thai Lime is a dwarf citrus tree suitable for indoor growing that bears edible, bumpy 2-inch limes; both the fruit and the foliage is highly fragrant.

Guiding Principle. The Articleprovides an overview of the general healthcare situation in the Sultanate ofOman. In the last three (3) decades most probably no other country has achieved so much in such a little time in terms of healthcare inOman. His Majesty Sultan Qaboos kept hispromise in 1970 to put priority in the development of health and education of the country. This is recognized in a study of the World Health Organization (WHO), covering 191 countries and published in the year 2000. The Sultanate ofOmanwas ranked first in the world for its efficient health system and for effective utilization of the available financial resources in the health services. AdditionallyOmanwas also rated eight (8) forproviding the most comprehensive healthcare at world level.. This has been achieved always having kept a focus on economy and efficiency.. I. Rules and Regulations related to Healthcare. There are several laws and regulations specifically related to the healthcare inOman. The most important ones ...

El eczema de verano (Sweet Itch, en Reino Unido) es la enfermedad cutánea alérgica más común en caballos y otros equinos en el mundo. Es una dermatitis recurrente estacional, crónica, debida a una reacción de hipersensibilidad local a alérgenos específicos en la saliva de los jejenes de la especie Culicoides, en particular, Culicoides pulicaris. Como la etiología normalmente se asocia a insectos picadores, la enfermedad también se denomina, por lo tanto, hipersensibilidad a la picadura de insectos. Es una enfermedad cutánea angustiante, cuyos signos clínicos típicos incluyen prurito intenso con posteriores lesiones cutáneas, autoescoriación que da como resultado heridas abiertas e infecciones secundarias, siendo normalmente las áreas afectadas la crin, la cola y la cruz, principalmente. Los mosquitos pequeños normalmente atacan la superficie dorsal del caballo y, con frecuencia, se desarrollan signos clínicos en estas áreas. Se ocasiona una intensa irritación con comezón que ...

All of this summer heat and humidity can be difficult for individuals managing eczema. Thats why I think the National Eczema Associations article entitled Eczema Bootcamp is so timely. If you are struggling with an eczema flare-up now, you may find the article helpful ...

Muscat, On behalf of His Majesty Sultan Haitham Bin Tarik, Sayyid Fatik bin Fahar al-Said received separately in his office today Renaud Salins, Ambassador of the French Republic to the Sultanate and Jose Marcos, Ambassador of the Federative Republic of Brazil to the Sultanate, to bid them farewell at the end of their tour of duties. During the meetings, the two ambassadors expressed their thanks to His Majesty the Sultan for the support extended to them during their duties in the Sultanate from His Majesty, the Government and the Omani people, which had enabled them to carry out their tasks. They wished His Majesty good health, happiness and a long life, and the Sultanate further progress and growth under the wise leadership of His Majesty.. On his turn, Sayyid Fatik expressed his utmost thanks to the ambassadors for the efforts they exerted in serving the relations between their countries and the Sultanate, wishing them success in their future assignments, and the friendly people of their ...

The Sultanate of Oman has announced scholarships for Indian Nationals under the Omani Programme for Cultural and Scientific Cooperation for the academic year 2017-18. The scholarship is open for all such students with age below 25 years.

Rome, NY - Gulf Testing Solutions, a certified Testing, Inspection, Quality Control and Surveying Services provider in the Sultanate of Oman is the latest addition to the global distribution network of Microdrones. GTS has three core business verticals to meet a range of client needs including multi-disciplinary laboratory services, surveying services and survey equipment, rental, and calibrations services.. Established in 2018, Gulf Testing Solutions provides a range of specialized engineering services in materials testing and technical services, materials technology, quality control of projects, chemical and microbiology testing, surveying services, as well as high-tech survey product sales, rental and calibration.. Our customers need high-end aerial surveying solutions, says Suresh Muthu Kumar, the manager of business development. We have a number of mining, roads, asphalt & infrastructure projects that will greatly benefit from the addition of the Microdrones LiDAR and photogrammetric ...

The Sultanate of Oman is an emerging economy which has witnessed rapid development and a demographic shift over the last five decades. With such progressive changes and improvement in quality of life...

No abstract available. Keywords: Vector-borne diseases, entomology, ticks, sand flies, biting midges, mosquitoes, infection rate doi: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.EN-1173 Question Number: EFSA-Q-2013-00829 Adopted: 29 June 2015 Contact: [email protected] O .... ...

Here is all the information you will ever need-no matter where you are in the world-to identify, avoid, and protect yourself against all manner of blood sucking or venomous arthropods, ranging from scorpions, spiders, ants, and bees to mites, ticks, lice, bed bugs, sand flies, biting midges, mosquitoes, and horse flies. Line drawings and representative color photographs help identify bugs accurately, and information on each bugs particular habits and habitats allows readers to minimize potentially annoying, painful, and even lethal encounters. This book is packed with helpful tips on using barriers-window-screens, bed nets, smoky coils, and proper clothing, and on choosing the right repellent for the right bug in the right place. Readers also will learn how to apply pesticides safely and effectively. Based on the best available science, this well-illustrated, crystal clear guide will be a welcome guest in any home or back yard, and an essential companion for travelers around the world ...

Education Committee: The purpose of the USIHC Education Committee is to further the goals of the USIHC and FEIF by developing and supporting programs to educate and promote general understanding of the unique qualities of the Icelandic Horse as well as its correct use as a competition and riding horse. Chair

Download this Icelandic Horses In Typical Landscape photo now. And search more of the webs best library of royalty-free stock images from iStock.

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Culex is the largest genus of Culicini and includes vectors of several arboviruses and filarial worms. Many species of Culex are morphologically similar, which makes their identification difficult, particularly when using female specimens. To aid evolutionary studies and species distinction, molecular techniques are often used. Sequences of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) from 16 species of the genus Culex and one of Lutzia were used to assess their genomic variability and to verify their applicability in the phylogenetic analysis of the group. The distance matrix (uncorrected p-distance) that was obtained revealed intragenomic and intraspecific variation. Because of the intragenomic variability, we selected ITS2 copies for use in distance analyses based on their secondary structures. Neighbour-joining topology was obtained with an uncorrected p-distance. Despite the heterogeneity observed, individuals of the same species were grouped together and correlated ...

I am a 21-year-old Australian photographer and creative director, who is obsessed with lifestyle and landscape imagery.  I first found joy in photography during my last years of high school. Back then, I wielded an iPhone 4S, bringing it to all the...

VANCOUVER - September 8, 2016-- JDRF Canada is pleased to announce exciting research to reduce the burden for those living with type 1 diabetes. JDRF has awarded Dr. Timothy Kieffer a $599,996 (USD) grant to find the most effective ways to transplant insulin-producing cells for people living with type 1 diabetes - a procedure that could one day reduce or eliminate their need for daily insulin injections.. Incredible breakthroughs have been made for transplanting clusters of insulin-producing cells for patients living with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The procedure is quick and works very well, in many cases reducing or eliminating the need for insulin injections. Unfortunately, transplants relying on organ donors are difficult to come by, and only a small fraction of those who need them are actually candidates for the procedure because of the limited cell supply. Dr. Kieffer, a professor in the department of cellular and physiological sciences in UBCs faculty of medicine, is generating ...

Father riding bike and pulling a baby carriage on a sidewalk in Denver, Colorado. . John offers private photo tours in Denver, Boulder and throughout Colorado. Year-round.

Midge head. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of part of the head of a midge, showing an antenna (yellow, lower right) and a compound eye (purple, top). The eye is formed from numerous lens structures known as ommatidia. Midges are tiny flies that feed on the blood of animals by inserting a needle-like proboscis (not seen). Magnification: x350 when printed 10 centimetres wide. - Stock Image C001/1838

Located in the foothills of Omans famed Hajar Mountains, the site was chosen because of its natural rock formations, ridges and ravines. It is also one of the few unspoiled locations in the world, where people can see the ancient sea bed, before tectonic activity raised it 100 metres above the sea level. Eight different habitats have been set up inside the garden, with two biomes set up for the more sensitive environments ...

The high-stability Viscotek UV detector is ideally suited for multi-detection GPC/SEC. Accurate measurement of the polymer or protein concentration profile is essential to good molecular weight or structure data. ...

The Icelandic horse is small but shows great endurance. It masters five gaits; walk, trot, tölt, gallop and flying pace. Here we map providers that offer information or excursions with the Icelandic horse.. ...

Chung, PCS, Keyworth, HL, Martin-Garcia, E, Charbogne, P, Darcq, E, Bailey, A, Filliol, D, Matifas, A, Scherrer, G, Ouagazzal, A-M, Gaveriaux-Ruff, C, Befort, K, Maldonado, R, Kitchen, I and Kieffer, BL (2015) A Novel Anxiogenic Role for the Delta Opioid Receptor Expressed in GABAergic Forebrain Neurons ...

J.B. Adams, A. Rockett, J. Kieffer, W. Xu, M. Nomura, K. A Kilian, D. A Richards, and R. Ramprasad (1994) J. Nuc. Mat., 216(Proceedings of Fundamentals of Radiation Damage):265-274.. ...

Matt Kieffer Last week, we learned that the ten slowest roads in the UK are all in London, but apparently its worse than we thought. TfL has rele

4.0 4.1 Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Ginkuhà 24 september 2012. ...

Al Asala International LLC was established in Sultanate of Oman since 2001. We combine the innovations with technology, to meet the real world requirements. Al Asala recognizes this balance as being critical to the healthy growth of the nation. Al Asala Intl, has been a front runner in the development of Oman, a highly diversified group with interests in key sectors. ...

Order conferring the Al Numan Award (First Class) to HE Paola Amadi, Ambassador of the Italian Republic to the Sultanate, at the end of her tenure…

Abstract: Conditions are presented under which the relative index of a critical set realizing a local minimum of a nonsmooth functional coincides with the Euler-Poincaré characteristic of this set. An analogous result is obtained for the index of a functional increasing at $\infty$ ...

Hawlek Store is one of the services of the Hawlek Corporation, which is officially registered with the Ministry of Trade and Industry in the Sultanate of Oman.. Email: [email protected]. ...

I have a very short bucket list: go pony trekking in Iceland. You can go on treks of a week or more, accompanied by a herd of loose Icelandic Horses who...