TY - THES. T1 - Study of endocrine markers involved in dedifferentiation and identification of C function or redifferentiate pancreatic β-cells in type 2 diabetes. AU - Neelankal John, Abraham. PY - 2018. Y1 - 2018. N2 - To enhance the knowledge of β-cell dedifferentiation (BCD) and its causal role in Type 2 diabetes (T2D), my studies employed β-cell line mouse insulinoma 6 (MIN6) and db/db islets from T2D model mice thereby establishing those as models of dedifferentiation. Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-targeted therapy that employed LCA propionate was utilized to treat early passage MIN6 and db/+ mice islets in the pre-diabetic state to protect β-cell from undergoing dedifferentiation. Furthermore, my research using MIN6 and db/db also identified a novel druggable compound ANJR12947285, which has the potential to induce redifferentiation in dedifferentiated β-cell. AB - To enhance the knowledge of β-cell dedifferentiation (BCD) and its causal role in Type 2 diabetes (T2D), my studies employed ...
This investigation reveals that human vein grafts very soon after CABG show distinct changes. These changes are characterised by loss of surface lining endothelial cells, insudation of blood corpuscular elements such as polymorphonuclear leucocytes and monocytes, admixed with a fibrin-platelet thrombus, the appearance of vimentin positive, actin negative spindle shaped cells, and absence of actin positive SMCs in the pre-existent media topographically related to the sites of neointimal reaction. These observations allow speculations as to the mechanisms involved in neointimal thickening.. Denudation of the surface endothelial cell lining appears to be a crucial factor, and its extent and severity may eventually determine graft patency. Loss of endothelial cells, as observed in veins 2-9 days after grafting, is accompanied by insudation with polymorphonuclear leucocytes, blood monocytes, and T lymphocytes. To this end our observations fit with previous experimental works. Brody and colleagues11 ...
https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.15888 Pan Wang, Chuan Lan, Shuanglong Xiong, Xiuwen Zhao, Youan Shan, Rong Hu, Wenwu Wan, Shuangjiang Yu, Bin Liao, Guangzhi Li, Junwei Wang, Dewei Zou, Bing...
Background-The mechanisms underlying the de-differentiation and lineage conversion of adult human fibroblasts into functional endothelial cells have not yet been fully defined. Furthermore, it is not known whether fibroblast de-differentiation recapitulates the generation of multipotent progenitors during embryonic development which give rise to endothelial and hematopoietic cell lineages. Here we established the role of the developmental transcription factor SOX17 in regulating the bi-lineage conversion of fibroblasts via the generation of intermediate progenitors.. Methods-CD34+ progenitors were generated following the de-differentiation of human adult dermal fibroblasts by overexpression of pluripotency transcription factors. Sorted CD34+ cells were transdifferentiated into induced endothelial cells (iECs) and induced erythroblasts (iErythroblasts) using lineage specific growth factors. The therapeutic potential of the generated cells was assessed in an experimental model of myocardial ...
One of the most remarkable properties of plants is their capacity to regenerate tissue structures and even whole organs to replace those damaged or lost through injury. Plants are able to do this thanks to high-level dedifferentiation, a process whereby mature cells withdraw from their specialized state and acquire proliferation ability and pluripotency, enabling them to develop anew into different cell types. While the knowledge and use of techniques for plant organ regeneration has a long history in horticulture, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying dedifferentiation.. To clarify these mechanisms, the researchers studied a common type of cell dedifferentiation induced by wounding, where its role in tissue and organ regeneration is critical to survival. In plants, this regeneration frequently occurs through the creation of masses of cells known as callus, which grow over the wound to protect it. Using data from earlier research, the researchers identified a gene in the ...
Inhibitor of DNA Binding 4 (ID4) is a member of the helix-loop-helix ID family of transcription factors, mostly present in the central nervous system during embryonic development, that has been associated with TP53 mutation and activation of SOX2. Along with other transcription factors, ID4 has been implicated in the tumorigenic process of astrocytomas, contributing to cell dedifferentiation, proliferation and chemoresistance. In this study, we aimed to characterize the ID4 expression pattern in human diffusely infiltrative astrocytomas of World Health Organization (WHO) grades II to IV of malignancy (AGII-AGIV); to correlate its expression level to that of SOX2, SOX4, OCT-4 and NANOG, along with TP53 mutational status; and to correlate the results with the clinical end-point of overall survival among glioblastoma patients. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed in 130 samples of astrocytomas for relative expression, showing up-regulation of all transcription factors in tumor cases. ...
In addition to being a component of innate immunity and an ancient defense mechanism against invading pathogens, complement activation also participates in the adaptive immune response, inflammation, hemostasis, embryogenesis, and organ repair and development. Activation of the complement system via classical, lectin, or alternative pathways generates anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a) and membrane attack complex (C5b-9) and opsonizes targeted cells. Complement activation end products and their receptors mediate cell-cell interactions that regulate several biological functions in the extravascular tissue. Signaling of anaphylatoxin receptors or assembly of membrane attack complex promotes cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration in addition to reducing apoptosis. As a result, complement activation in the tumor microenvironment enhances tumor growth and increases metastasis. In this Review, I discuss immune and nonimmune functions of complement proteins and the tumor-promoting effect of ...
In addition to being a component of innate immunity and an ancient defense mechanism against invading pathogens, complement activation also participates in the adaptive immune response, inflammation, hemostasis, embryogenesis, and organ repair and development. Activation of the complement system via classical, lectin, or alternative pathways generates anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a) and membrane attack complex (C5b-9) and opsonizes targeted cells. Complement activation end products and their receptors mediate cell-cell interactions that regulate several biological functions in the extravascular tissue. Signaling of anaphylatoxin receptors or assembly of membrane attack complex promotes cell dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration in addition to reducing apoptosis. As a result, complement activation in the tumor microenvironment enhances tumor growth and increases metastasis. In this Review, I discuss immune and nonimmune functions of complement proteins and the tumor-promoting effect of ...
What is the source of your epithelial cell? The morphology cannot certify that a cell is undergoing de-differentiation. You have to show something biochemically (immunostaining, PCR ,western) to show that the cell shuttles between two differentiated adult kind to prove dedifferentiation ...
The ability to dedifferentiate stem cells (the article uses the term retrodifferentiation) would be incredibly valuable just for leukemia treatment. Though if all their claims are correct the number of applications would be enormous. TriStem hasnt yet proven all their claims and if you read the full article you will find different scientists voicing varying degrees of skepticism about those claims. But TriStem has begun to demonstrate some of their claims to outside scientists including Tim McCaffrey of George Washington University and a clinical trial in Britain will attempt to use TriStems technique to treat aplastic anemia with results due by March 2004. So we will soon know a lot more about their claims.. The ability to use a persons own blood cells, dedifferentiate them and to grow them in large number for conversion into a wide variety of cell types would provide the advantages of hESC while avoiding political opposition in the form of the types of ethical objections which have been ...
In this weeks Editors Pick, Jayaraj Rajagopal and colleagues, describe their findings studying the ability of mouse airway epithelia to dedifferentiate and contribute stem cells for the adult airway. This study may be part of a more generalizable mechanism whereby differentiated cells may dedifferentiate and contribute to the regenerative ability of different organs.. ...
The injection into athymic nude mice of well-differentiated cells of the H4IIEC3 rat hepatoma line leads to tumor take and growth. Animals given injections of cells of a dedifferentiated variant subclone, however, do not develop tumors, whereas revertant clones are malignant. Nevertheless, tumors are obtained by increasing the number of injected dedifferentiated cells, and the cells from these tumors do express liver-specific messenger RNAs. Finally, the differentiated state of these tumor cells is stable in vitro. This correlation between the differentiated state of the cells and tumorigenicity is also observed in somatic hybrids between the variant cells and the differentiated ancestors. These hybrids express the hepatic functions and give rise to tumors. The only in vitro character of transformation which distinguishes the two types of cells is anchorage independence of growth. Since two other independent variants develop tumors, it is established that the nonmalignant state is not simply ...
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Diabetes is caused by a combination of impaired responsiveness to insulin and reduced production of insulin by the pancreas. Until recently, the decline of insulin production had been ascribed to β-cell death. But recent research has shown that β-cells do not die in diabetes, but undergo a silencing …
MAIN RESULTS: We identified two RCTs and one CCT (total number of participants 149) evaluating the use of amifostine versus no additional treatment in the original version of the review; the updates identified no additional studies. Two studies included children with osteosarcoma, and the other study included children with hepatoblastoma. Children received cisplatin only or a combination of cisplatin and carboplatin, either intra-arterially or intravenously. Pooling of results of the included studies was not possible. From individual studies the effect of amifostine on symptomatic ototoxicity only (i.e. National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria version 2 (NCICTCv2) or modified Brock grade 2 or higher) and combined asymptomatic and symptomatic ototoxicity (i.e. NCICTCv2 or modified Brock grade 1 or higher) were uncertain (low-certainty evidence). Only one study including children with osteosarcoma treated with intra-arterial cisplatin provided information on tumour response, defined as ...
Purpose: : To investigate possible mechanism involved in the de-differentiation of human corneal epithelial cells in a defined low calcium and serum free medium Methods: : Human corneal epithelial cells were cultivated from fresh limbal tissue explants in two conditions: high calcium serum-containing SHEM and a defined, low calcium and serum free medium (CnT-20). After 2 weeks, they were passaged and seeded at two densities, low and high, in CnT-20 medium. Colony forming efficiency without any feeder layer was quantified in low density condition. Subsequent passages were performed for cells seeded at high density. Gene expression was analyzed by reverse transcription and real time PCR with TaqMan primers and probes. Protein localization was determined by immunofluorescent staining on corneoscleral tissue cryosections and in cell cultures. Results: : Corneal epithelial cells harvested from explant cultures in the low calcium serum-free defined medium CnT-20 generated 2 fold colony forming ...
Title: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Dedifferentiation Process of Isolated Hepatocytes and Their Cultures. VOLUME: 7 ISSUE: 6. Author(s):Greetje Elaut, Tom Henkens, Peggy Papeleu, Sarah Snykers, Mathieu Vinken, Tamara Vanhaecke and Vera Rogiers. Affiliation:Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Department of Toxicology, Laarbeeklaan 103, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium.. Keywords:Hepatocyte, isolation, cultivation, dedifferentiation, apoptosis, proliferation, ischemia-reperfusion injury, cell-cell interactions, cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Abstract: Primary hepatocytes and their cultures are a simple but versatile, well-controlled, and relatively easy to handle in vitro system that is well-accepted for investigating xenobiotic biotransformation, enzyme induction and inhibition, and (biotransformation-mediated) hepatotoxicity. In addition, hepatocyte cultures have proven to be valuable tools in the study of liver physiology, viral hepatitis, and liver regeneration and are proposed as an ...
Dermal adipose tissue (also known as dermal white adipose tissue and herein referred to as dWAT) has been the focus of much discussion in recent years. However, dWAT remains poorly characterized. The fate of the mature dermal adipocytes and the origin of the rapidly reappearing dermal adipocytes at different stages remain unclear. Here, we isolated dermal adipocytes and characterized dermal fat at the cellular and molecular level. Together with dWATs dynamic responses to external stimuli, we established that dermal adipocytes are a distinct class of white adipocytes with high plasticity. By combining pulse-chase lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing, we observed that mature dermal adipocytes undergo dedifferentiation and redifferentiation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Upon various challenges, the dedifferentiated cells proliferate and redifferentiate into adipocytes. In addition, manipulation of dWAT highlighted an important role for mature dermal adipocytes ...
Loss of switch/sucrose non-fermenting complex protein expression is associated with dedifferentiation in endometrial carcinomas Academic Article ...
Read Functional dedifferentiation and reduced task-related deactivations underlie the age-related decline of prospective memory, Brain Imaging and Behavior on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
Figure 2: SSEA-4 is expressed in cells of human testis that have an active POU5F1 promoter. (A): Stably transfected human germ cells with a GFP reporter plasmid under the control of the POU5F1 promoter. Cells expressing GFP (green, shown by the arrows) were used to assay the expression of SSEA-4 in (B). Nuclei are stained by DAPI (blue). Scale bars = 5μm. (B): qRT-PCR analysis of the expression of POU5F1, cMYC and SSEA-4 genes in the following cell populations: Testis is whole human testis cell suspension, SSCs are the POU5F1 promoter-GFP expressing cells cultured under SSC maintenance conditions, gPS are the germline pluripotent cells generated when the GFP expressing cells are cultured under de-differentiation conditions for 5 weeks, iPSCs are the IMR90-4 induced pluripotent stem cells used as a control. The different samples were assayed in triplicates and normalized to GAPDH. Asterisks show significant differences in mRNA levels, as determined by t-test analysis (p,0.05 ...
Tumor progression often coincides with the appearance of tumor cells with dedifferentiated or stem-like properties; the ontogeny of these cells is unclear, but they are thought to carry a more malignant capacity than their differentiated counterparts. Cdx2 is a transcriptional factor that specifies cell fate of the intestinal epithelium. Epigenetic studies have demonstrated that Cdx2 loss alters chromatin structure in the intestinal epithelium. Cdx2 loss is often observed during colon tumor progression and is correlated with de-differentiation. Our current study is aimed to test the hypothesis that the Cdx2 prevents tumor progression by maintaining the tumor epigenome. To this end, we have generated two mouse models to determine the effect of Cdx2 loss on chromatin structure in a tumorigenic environment and in primary tumors. Our current studies are aimed at comparing Cdx2 binding sites on the genome in a normal and tumorigenic environment, and in defining how Cdx2 loss affects chromatin ...
The proximal tubule has a remarkable capacity for repair after acute injury, but the cellular lineage and molecular mechanisms underlying this repair response are incompletely understood. Here, we developed a Kim1-GFPCreERt2 knockin mouse line (Kim1-GCE) in order to perform genetic lineage tracing of dedifferentiated cells while measuring the cellular transcriptome of proximal tubule during repair. Acutely injured genetically labeled clones coexpressed KIM1, VIMENTIN, SOX9, and KI67, indicating a dedifferentiated and proliferative state. Clonal analysis revealed clonal expansion of Kim1+ cells, indicating that acutely injured, dedifferentiated proximal tubule cells, rather than fixed tubular progenitor cells, account for repair. Translational profiling during injury and repair revealed signatures of both successful and unsuccessful maladaptive repair. The transcription factor Foxm1 was induced early in injury, was required for epithelial proliferation in vitro, and was dependent on epidermal ...
Current Research and Scholarly InterestsI am a cell and molecular biologist by training. During my PhD I worked on the identification of thymidine kinase 1 phosphorylation status during cell cycle progression and its relevance for PET imaging of cell proliferation. In the Stearns lab I was interested in how cells cope with multiple centrosomes and what are the mechanisms ensuring centrosome number homeostasis. In the Sebastiano lab I am studying germ cell differentiation and what are the cell biological effects of de-differentiation. ...
Several studies have demonstrated age-related regional differences in the magnitude of the BOLD signal using task-based fMRI. It has been suggested that functional changes reflect either compensatory or de-differentiation mechanisms, both of which assume response to a specific stimulus. Here, we have tested whether ageing affects both task-based and resting brain function, and the extent to which functional changes are mediated by reductions in grey matter (GM) volume. Two groups, of 22 healthy younger and 22 older volunteers, underwent an imaging protocol involving structural and functional MRI, both during a memory task and at rest. The two groups had similar socio-demographical characteristics and cognitive performance. Image analysis revealed both structural and functional differences. Increased BOLD signal in older relative to younger volunteers was mainly observed in the frontal lobes, both during the task and at rest. Functional changes in the frontal lobes were largely located in brain regions
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in Glia (2017), 65(10), 1682-1696. The molecular mechanisms that regulate Schwann cell (SC) plasticity and the role of the Nrg1/ErbB-induced MEK1/ERK1/2 signalling pathway in SC dedifferentiation or in myelination remain unclear. It is ... [more ▼]. The molecular mechanisms that regulate Schwann cell (SC) plasticity and the role of the Nrg1/ErbB-induced MEK1/ERK1/2 signalling pathway in SC dedifferentiation or in myelination remain unclear. It is currently believed that different levels of MEK1/ERK1/2 activation define the state of SC differentiation. Thus, the identification of new regulators of MEK1/ERK1/2 signalling could help to decipher the context-specific aspects driving the effects of this pathway on SC plasticity. In this perspective, we have investigated the potential role of KIAA1199, a protein that promotes ErbB and MEK1/ERK1/2 signalling in cancer cells, in SC plasticity. We depleted KIAA1199 in the SC-derived MSC80 cell line with RNA-interference-based strategy and also generated ...
All of the known driver genes can be classified into one or more of 12 pathways (Fig. 7). The discovery of the molecular components of these pathways is one of the greatest achievements of biomedical research, a tribute to investigators working in fields that encompass biochemistry, cell biology, and development, as well as cancer. These pathways can themselves be further organized into three core cellular processes:. 1) Cell fate: Numerous studies have demonstrated the opposing relationship between cell division and differentiation, the arbiters of cell fate. Dividing cells that are responsible for populating normal tissues (stem cells) do not differentiate, and vice versa. Regenerative medicine is based on this distinction, predicated on ways to get differentiated cells to dedifferentiate into stem cells, then forcing the stem cells to differentiate into useful cell types for transplantation back into the patient. Many of the genetic alterations in cancer abrogate the precise balance between ...
In PNAS this week: method to construct ultrahigh-density linkage map using population sequencing, different functions of hoxa3a orthologues in mice and zebrafish, alternative splicing and ESC pluripotency, and more.
Affiliation (Current):鹿児島大学,医歯学総合研究科,客員研究員, Research Field:Dental engineering/Regenerative dentistry,Periodontal dentistry,Surgical dentistry, Keywords:歯周組織再生,DFAT,骨,再生,歯周病,インプラント周囲炎,骨再生,骨組織,骨補填材,β-TCP, # of Research Projects:7, # of Research Products:17
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TY - JOUR. T1 - 170 Mitochondrial-dependent signalling in vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. AU - Al-Sulti, Zuhair. AU - Kingsmore, David. AU - Coats, Paul. PY - 2014/6. Y1 - 2014/6. N2 - UNLABELLED: A hallmark of vascular disease is the cellular adaptive response characterised by proliferation and migration. Although many studies have identified the signalling pathways involved in cell proliferation and migration (p38, p44/42 MAP Kinase and JNK), the mechanisms initiating cell de-differentiation, proliferation/ apoptosis and migration are yet to be fully elucidated. Mitochondria are one of the organelles that have received growing attention in vascular and pulmonary vascular proliferative disease.(1) Mitochondria are classically known to be responsible for cellular energy production. However growing evidence suggests a role in cell de-differentiation and the fine balance between cell apoptosis and proliferation.(2) The aim of this work was to expand our understanding of the potential ...
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Tumors have characteristics that allow determination of malignancy and how they will evolve, and determining these characteristics will allow the medical team to determine the management plan. Anaplasia or dedifferentiation: loss of differentiation of cells and of their orientation to one another and blood vessels, a characteristic of anaplastic tumor tissue. Anaplastic cells have lost total control of their normal functions and many have deteriorated cell structures. Anaplastic cells often have abnormally high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratios, and many are multinucleated. Additionally, the nuclei of anaplastic cells are usually unnaturally shaped or oversized. Cells can become anaplastic in two ways: neoplastic tumor cells can dedifferentiate to become anaplasias (the dedifferentiation causes the cells to lose all of their normal structure/function), or cancer stem cells can increase their capacity to multiply (i.e., uncontrollable growth due to failure of differentiation). Atypia: an indication ...
In cancer, epithelial cell de-differentiation is a feature of rapidly dividing cells under non-controlled growth and it often reflects a change in the gene expression pattern; however, the relationship between proliferation and alterations in cellular differentiation has not yet been identified. This work examined how changes in the characteristics of cells that discriminate their differentiated and proliferative states can be used to improve on current pancreatic cancer chemotherapeutic strategies. PepT1, a high substrate-capacity and low-affinity transporter system, has been suggested as an attractive drug delivery target for pancreatic cancer. Through a combination of immunological assays, PepT1 normally restricted to the apical surfaces in polarised intestinal epithelial cells, was shown to distribute at the cell membrane of non-polarised cancerous ductal cells. Anti-inflammatory or anti-cancer agents, like ibuprofen or gemcitabine, were conjugated to selected amino acids to enhance their ...
Fully differentiated mature smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are characterized by the presence of a unique repertoire of contractile proteins. The expression of these proteins is markedly attenuated during the de-differentiation of smooth muscle that occurs under many pathological conditions. SRF is a transcription factor that plays a central role in the expression of these smooth muscle-specific genes through physical association with various cell-restricted or signal dependent accessory factors. Of the SRF-associated proteins identified, myocardin is the most potent for stimulating expression of smooth muscle-specific genes. Although several proteins have been identified that can modify myocardin function, the mechanism of how myocardin regulation is still poorly understood. To identify additional myocardin associated proteins that are required for myocardin-dependent activation smooth muscle-specific genes we performed a yeast 2-hybrid screen of mouse embryo cDNA library using myocardin as bait. ...
Current Research and Scholarly Interests I am a cell and molecular biologist by training. During my PhD I worked on the identification of thymidine kinase 1 phosphorylation status during cell cycle progression and its relevance for PET imaging of cell proliferation. In the Stearns lab I was interested in how cells cope with multiple centrosomes and what are the mechanisms ensuring centrosome number homeostasis. In the Sebastiano lab I am studying germ cell differentiation and what are the cell biological effects of de-differentiation. ...
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Direct Reprogramming Science Project: Investigate how transcription factors can be used to turn one cell type directly into another cell type, and why this technique is important for the future of the field of regenerative medicine.
Research outputs, collaborations and relationships for UiO Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming (CanCell) published between 1 December 2019 - 30 November 2020 as tracked by the Nature Index.
Representatives of the Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) met in Bali this week to discuss regional cooperation on the blue economy. Australia is the current chair of IORA and hosted this event. The blue economy is sustainable economic activity associated with the ocean and is a key driver of growth and job creation for economies in the Indian Ocean rim. ...
Scientists from Salk Institute for Biological Studies showed that One clue to halting or reversing aging lies in the study of cellular reprogramming, a p...
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செமினி நுண்மங்கள் தனது நகலாக்கத்திற்கு பயிர் பொறிகளை (machinery) பயன்படுத்துகின்றன. இவை சில மரபணுவை வெளிபடுத்தவதோடு அல்லாமல், அவற்றைக் கொண்டு மிக நேர்த்தியாக பயிர்களின் மரபணுவை பயன்படுத்தி பல்கி பெருகுகின்றன. மேலும் நுண்மங்களின் மரபணு முதிர்ந்த இலைகளின் உயிரணுவில் செயலற்ற மூலக்கூற்று நிகழ்வினை , மறு- நிகழ்வு அல்லது மறு-வினைக்கு (cell reprogramming) உட்படுத்தி நகலாக்கம் ...
Still a continuation of my Davao Food Appreciation Tour (DFAT) experience. Ive been hearing about Lachis from other bloggers for years. They all rave about … Read the rest. ...
It is followed by the dedifferentiation of the cells. This process produces only a minimal concentration of the cells. Hence the use of micro carrier cultures ...
Sometimes keys or the remote fobs just stop working. When this happens and the key stops communicating with the vehicle, the reprogramming process must be carried out and this will return full functionality back to the key. We can test the system and find out why things are not working properly.. Another common issue is the battery in your car key losing all its power. In most cases the battery can simply be replaced and wont require any programming. Some models however will require reprogramming or synchronization before they will fully function again.. ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Altered glycosylation associated with dedifferentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma. T2 - A lectin microarray-based study. AU - Takayama, Hiroomi. AU - Ohta, Masayuki. AU - Iwashita, Yukio. AU - Uchida, Hiroki. AU - Shitomi, Yuki. AU - Yada, Kazuhiro. AU - Inomata, Masafumi. N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 2020/3/6. Y1 - 2020/3/6. N2 - Background: Altered glycosylation associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is well documented. However, few reports have investigated the association between dedifferentiation and glycosylation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze glycosylation associated with dedifferentiation of HCC within the same nodule and to investigate glycosyltransferase related to the glycosylation. Methods: We analyzed resected HCC specimens (n = 50) using lectin microarray to comprehensively and sensitively analyze glycan profiles, and identify changes to glycosylation ...
Smooth muscle from newborn guinea-pig vas deferens was enzymically dispersed into single cells or small clumps and grown in culture in the presence or absence of sympathetic ganglion explants.. Most single smooth muscle cells gradually lost their typical ultrastructural features and contractile properties during the first few days in culture. At 7 days of culture these dedifferentiated smooth muscle cells underwent extensive proliferation. If sufficient cells were present in the culture inoculate, a continuous monolayer formed at about 9 days of culture and redifferentiation of smooth muscle began. At 11-12 days of culture the cells reaggregated into clumps, began to contract spontaneously, and formed into well-organized muscle bundles in two layers at right angles, resembling the muscle layer organization of the in vivo vas deferens. In cultures where a continuous monolayer was not formed at 9 days, isolated cells did not redifferentiate. The process of dedifferentiation and proliferation was ...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Chordoma dedifferentiation after proton beam therapy. T2 - a case report and review of the literature. AU - Frankl, Joseph. AU - Grotepas, Cassi. AU - Stea, Baldassarre. AU - Lemole, Gerald M. AU - Chiu, Alexander G. AU - Khan, Rihan. PY - 2016/10/12. Y1 - 2016/10/12. N2 - Background: Chordoma is a rare invasive bone tumor that may occur anywhere along the neuraxis. A total of three primary histological varieties have been identified: conventional, chondroid, and dedifferentiated. Case presentation: We report a case of an 8-year-old white girl who presented with conventional chordoma, was treated with surgical resection and mixed proton and photon beam therapy, and had a recurrence in the resection cavity 2.5 years later with dedifferentiated morphology. The recurrent tumor did not express brachyury, a recently identified protein specific to tissue of notochordal origin. Conclusions: The short time period between radiation therapy and dedifferentiation, low dose of photons, and ...
Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation is a promising therapy for ischemic diseases such as ischemic myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. However, limitation of EPC sources remains a major obstacle. Direct reprogramming has become a powerful tool to produce EPCs from fibroblasts. Some recent efforts successfully directly reprogrammed human fibroblasts into functional EPCs; however, the procedure efficacy was low. This study therefore aimed to improve the efficacy of direct reprogramming of human fibroblasts to functional EPCs. Human fibroblasts isolated from foreskin were directly reprogrammed into EPCs by viral ETV2 transduction. Reprogramming efficacy was improved by culturing transduced fibroblasts in hypoxia conditions (5 % oxygen). Phenotype analyses confirmed that single-factor ETV2 transduction successfully reprogrammed dermal fibroblasts into functional EPCs. Hypoxia treatment during the reprogramming procedure increased the efficacy of reprogramming from 1.21 ± 0.61 % in
The dramatic discovery that somatic cells could be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), by the expression of just four factors, has opened new opportunities for regenerative medicine and novel ways of modeling human diseases. Extensive research over the short time since the first iPSCs were generated has yielded the ability to reprogram various cell types using a diverse range of methods. However the duration, efficiency, and safety of induced reprogramming have remained a persistent limitation to achieving a robust experimental and therapeutic system. The field has worked to resolve these issues through technological advances using non-integrative approaches, factor replacement or complementation with microRNA, shRNA and drugs. Despite these advances, the molecular mechanisms underlying the reprogramming process remain poorly understood. Recently, through the use of inducible secondary reprogramming systems, researchers have now accessed more rigorous mechanistic experiments to
Analysis of Beta-Cell Gene Expression Reveals Inflammatory Signaling and Evidence of Dedifferentiation following Human Islet Isolation and Culture. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.
PubMedID: 22703534 | Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 nuclear translocation induces myofibroblastic dedifferentiation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. | Antioxidants & redox signaling | 1/1/2013
Chondrocytes in articular cartilage normally exhibit high expression of collagen II and aggrecan but rapidly dedifferentiate to a fibroblastic phenotype if passaged in culture. Previous studies have suggested that the loss of chondrocyte phenotype is associated with changes in the structure of the F-actin cytoskeleton, which also controls cell mechanical properties. In this study, we examined how dedifferentiation in monolayer influences the mechanical properties of chondrocytes isolated from different zones of articular cartilage. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the mechanical properties of superficial and middle/deep zone chondrocytes as they underwent serial passaging and subsequent growth on fibronectin-coated, micropatterned self-assembled monolayers that restored a rounded cell shape in 2D culture. Chondrocytes exhibited significant increases in elastic and viscoelastic moduli with dedifferentiation in culture. These changes were only partially ameliorated by the restoration of ...
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the third leading cause of cancer death in North America. The highest risk factor for PDAC is recurrent pancreatitis. While the link between PDAC and pancreatitis is unknown, de-differentiation of acinar cells is common to both diseases. Our lab has shown that Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3), a factor upregulated during pancreatic injury, contributes to the development of acinar-to-ductal cell metaplasia (ADM), a precursor phenotype of PDAC. The goal of this study was to identify how ATF3 contributes to ADM. I hypothesize that ATF3 regulates acinar gene expression promoting ADM. We observed decreased ADM development in Atf3-/- acinar cultures, along with expression changes in differentiation genes and ADM promoting pathways (EGFR) in vivo. Assessment following chronic injury indicated absence of ATF3 resulted in decreased tissue damage. These results suggest a novel mechanism where ATF3 promotes ADM through loss of the mature acinar cell phenotype.
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been generated by reprogramming a number of different somatic cell types using a variety of approaches. In addition, direct reprogramming of mature cells from one lineage to another has emerged recently as an alternative strategy for generating cell …
Reversine, a purine analog, experienced been proved that it could induce dedifferentiation of differentiated cells into multipotent progenitor cells. acid-Schiff staining assay in hepatogenic differentiated … Manifestation of pluripotent guns and epigenetic guns To further characterize the pluripotency of reversine-pretreated cells, manifestation of specific guns 468-28-0 supplier (April4, Sox2 and Nanog) of pluripotent cells were analyzed by using RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. In addition, we also desired to determine which gene caused the differential strength. The outcomes indicated that reversine elevated the reflection of March4 significantly, but Sox2 and Nanog had been not really discovered (Fig. ?(Fig.5,5, A and B), which indicated the account activation of Oct4 performs a major function in order of 468-28-0 supplier cell pluripotency. Remarkably, upon reversine removal after 8 times, reversine-treated fibroblasts steadily came back to primary phenotype and the ...
While investigating a rare genetic disorder, researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have discovered that a ubiquitous signalling molecule is crucial to cellular reprogramming, a finding with significant implications for stem cell-based regenerative medicine, wound repair therapies and potential cancer treatments.
crispgg: I expect ANAN to take advantage of this situation. All those with ACCA need is the ability to set up there own firms in Nigeria. With ANAN membership, they can do that. Imagine the credibility that they will gain when they have a huge number of ACCA members joining them. In a few years, they will be at par with ICAN ...
Synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, can be produced by oxidatively-reforming a hydrocarbon-containing stream which passes on one s...
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Researchers have modeled the development of neurons in some autism patients, offering what they say is a new understanding of the condition.
We have also identified different cellular compartment in these neural tumours caused by dedifferentiation. We are designing genetic tools to investigate, through lineage analyses, the cellular hierarchy governing tumour growth. We are using this new genetically tractable model to investigate the basic molecular principles governing the population of cancer stem cells. Our aim is to identify the conserved molecular pathways that need to be targeted for their elimination in order to cure cancer ...
At REPROCELL, you can gain access to the most rapid integration-free reprogramming method on the market: StemRNA™ 3rd Gen reprogramming technology.
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Lujan E, Chanda S, Ahlenius H, Südhof TC, Wernig M. Direct conversion of mouse fibroblasts to self-renewing, tripotent neural precursor cells ...
Serpine is a medicine available in a number of countries worldwide. A list of US medications equivalent to Serpine is available on the Drugs.com website.
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