The design of self-assembled peptide-based structures for three-dimensional cell culture and tissue repair has been a key objective in biomaterials science for decades. in search of the simplest possible peptide system that can self-assemble, we discovered that combinations of di-peptides that are modified with aromatic stacking ligands could form nanometre-sized fibres when exposed to physiological conditions. For example, we demonstrated that a number of Fmoc (fluoren-9-ylmethyloxycarbonyl) modified di- and tri-peptides form highly ordered hydrogels via hydrogen-bonding and pi-pi interactions from the fluorenyl rings. These highly hydrated gels allowed for cell proliferation of chondrocytes in three dimensions [Jayawarna, Ali, Jowitt, Miller, Sal Gough and Ulijn (2006) Adv. Mater. 18, 611-614]. We demonstrated that fibrous architecture and physical properties of the resulting materials were dictated by the nature of the amino acid building blocks. Here, we report the self-assembly process of ...

A number of short peptide amphiphiles consisting of dipeptides linked to fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl spontaneously form fibrous hydrogels under physiological conditions (see figure). The structural and physical properties of these gels are dictated by the amino acid sequence of the peptide building blocks, and the gels support the three-dimensional cell culture of chondrocytes.. ...

To date, most in vitro and in vivo studies in the field of cardiovascular tissue research rely on the conventional monolayer (2D) cell cultures. Such 2D culture systems may introduce false positive and/or negative results in the mechanistic studies and translational applications primarily due to the microenvironment of 2D cultures that substantially differ from the in vivo cardiovascular cellular and extracellular matrix (ECM) organizations. Recently, it is found that transition from conventional monolayer cell cultures to 3D culture systems contributes to a closer recapitulation of in vivo features, such as cell heterogeneity, ECM, cell signalling, proliferation, maturation, and response to stimuli. Moreover, recent advances in 3D histotypic and organotypic cultures have escalated the impact and scope in the studies of cardiovascular development, diseases, and therapies. For example, the engineered heart tissue/muscle and cardiovascular spheroids have shown great promises in the in vitro modelling of

Extracorporeal formation of mineralized bone-like tissue is still an unsolved challenge in tissue engineering. Embryonic stem cells may open up new therapeutic options for the future and should be an interesting model for the analysis of fetal organogenesis. Here we describe a technique for culturing embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in the absence of artificial scaffolds which generated mineralized miromasses. Embryonic stem cells were harvested and osteogenic differentiation was stimulated by the addition of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and ß-glycerolphosphate (DAG). After three days of cultivation microspheres were formed. These spherical three-dimensional cell units showed a peripheral zone consisting of densely packed cell layers surrounded by minerals that were embedded in the extracellular matrix. Alizarine red staining confirmed evidence of mineralization after 10 days of DAG stimulation in the stimulated but not in the control group. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated scorching

VitroGel 3D-Advanced hydrogel for 3D cell culture and spheroid culture research. We offer many matrices and other solutions for 3D cell and spheroid culture

Tissue culture has been used for over 100 years to study cells and responses ex vivo. The convention of this technique is the growth of anchorage dependent cells on the 2-dimensional surface of tissue culture plastic. More recently, there is a growing body of data demonstrating more in vivo-like behaviors of cells grown in 3-dimensional culture systems. This manuscript describes in detail the set-up and operation of a hollow fiber bioreactor system for the in vivo-like culture of mammalian cells. The hollow fiber bioreactor system delivers media to the cells in a manner akin to the delivery of blood through the capillary networks in vivo. The system is designed to fit onto the shelf of a standard CO2 incubator and is simple enough to be set-up by any competent cell biologist with a good understanding of aseptic technique. The systems utility is demonstrated by culturing the hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2/C3A for 7 days. Further to this and in line with other published reports on the ...

Human cancer cell lines are an integral part of drug discovery practices. However, modeling the complexity of cancer utilizing these cell lines on standard plastic substrata, does not accurately represent the tumor microenvironment. Research into developing advanced tumor cell culture models in a three-dimensional (3D) architecture that more prescisely characterizes the disease state have been undertaken by a number of laboratories around the world. These 3D cell culture models are particularly beneficial for investigating mechanistic processes and drug resistance in tumor cells. In addition, a range of molecular mechanisms deconstructed by studying cancer cells in 3D models suggest that tumor cells cultured in two-dimensional monolayer conditions do not respond to cancer therapeutics/compounds in a similar manner. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of utilizing 3D cell culture models in drug discovery programs; however, it is evident that further research is required for the development of

Many types of mammalian cells can aggregate and differentiate into 3-D multicellular spheroids when cultured in suspension or a nonadhesive environment. Compared to conventional monolayer cultures, multicellular spheroids resemble real tissues better in terms of structural and functional properties. Multicellular spheroids formed by transformed cells are widely used as avascular tumor models for metastasis and invasion research and for therapeutic screening. Many primary or progenitor cells on the other hand, show significantly enhanced viability and functional performance when grown as spheroids. Multicellular spheroids in this aspect are ideal building units for tissue reconstruction. Here we review the current understanding of multicellular spheroid formation mechanisms, their biomedical applications, and recent advances in spheroid culture, manipulation, and analysis techniques. ...

More people die annually from cardiovascular diseases than from any other cause. In particular, patients who suffer from myocardial infarction may be affected by ongoing adverse remodeling processes of the heart that may ultimately lead to heart failure. The introduction of stem and progenitor cell-based applications has raised substantial hope for reversing these processes and inducing cardiac regeneration. However, current stem cell therapies using single-cell suspensions have failed to demonstrate long-lasting efficacy due to the overall low retention rate after cell delivery to the myocardium. To overcome this obstacle, the concept of 3D cell culture techniques has been proposed to enhance therapeutic efficacy and cell engraftment based on the simulation of an in vivo-like microenvironment. Of great interest is the use of so-called microtissues or spheroids, which have evolved from their traditional role as in vitro models to their novel role as therapeutic agents. This review will provide ...

ExCellness Biotech SA was incorporated in 2009 as a spin-off project from the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland.

A method for developing cell culture substrates with the ability to change topography during culture is described. The method makes use ...

Mature human β-cells are typically considered as terminally differentiated cells that do not switch their hormone production once fully differentiated. Our results show that human β-cells can convert rapidly and preferentially into glucagon-producing α-cells without forced expression of exogenous transcription factors. Of importance, the conversion occurred in islets from pancreas of organ donors from different backgrounds, independent of donor factors such as age or sex.. To date, only a few examples of human cell transdifferentiation have been reported. This usually requires the forced expression of transcription factors or miRNAs to convert human fibroblasts into neurons, hematopoietic progenitors, or brown fat cells (21) or human liver cells into β-cells (22). In our three-dimensional culture system, the dispersion into single cells followed by reaggregation into islet cell aggregates is likely to be a critical step for cell conversion. Previous lineage-tracing studies in human β-cells ...

Here researchers employ three-dimensional culture systems for conditional gene targeted primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts that better simulate the reciprocal and adaptive interactions between cells and surrounding matrix, to define the role of Cdc42 signaling pathways in extracellular matrix organization. [J Biol Chem] Abstract ...

The functional interactions that define the bilayered acinus have been explored using three-dimensional culture systems. When phenotypically normal human or rodent luminal cells are grown in laminin-rich extracellular matrix (lrECM) gels, they recreate the structure and function of the acinus found in vivo even in the absence of myoepithelial cells [6, 18]. We believe that this is possible, in part, because cultured luminal cells express a number of proteins that are characteristic of myoepithelial cells in vivo (e.g. β4 integrin [10], epidermal growth factor receptor [19], vimentin [20], maspin [21], and others; for review [1]). It may be that luminal cells can form acinar structures in culture because of this ability to become luminal/myoepithelial hybrids. The possibility that expression of specific myoepithelial proteins confers distinctive signaling cues that promote cell survival and proper apicobasal polarity is an active area of investigation in our laboratory and those of our ...

The Fe solubility test is a commonly used, easy and relatively cheap in vitro tool for predicting Fe bioavailability in food matrices. However, the outcome of a recent field trial comparing the effect on Fe status of Tanzanian infants of processed v. unprocessed complementary foods (CF), with otherwise the same composition, challenged the validity of this test for predicting Fe bioavailability. In the solubility test, significant more soluble Fe was observed in processed compared with unprocessed foods (mean 18.8 (sem 0.21) v. 4.8 (sem 0.23) %; P. ...

The Cellartis DEF-CS 500 Xeno-Free 3D Spheroid Culture Medium paired with a perfusion bioreactor generates large amounts of high-quality, hiPS cells.

Abstract While most of the in vitro cultures are carried out on bi-dimensional (2D) substrates, most of the in vivo extracellular matrices are threedimensional (3D). Consequently cells behave differently on 2D substrates as a way to self-adaptation to a non-physiological environment. This fact has encouraged the development of more relevant culture conditions seeking to provide more representative models for biomedicine (e.g. cancer, drug discovery and tissue engineering) and further insights into any dimension-dependent biological mechanism. Different 3D culture systems have been established though their variability and complexity hinder their standardisation in common cell culture procedures. So, this thesis deals with the dimensionality issue in cell/material interactions and introduces sandwich-like microenvironments as a versatile tool to study cell behaviour. Cells cultured within this system use both dorsal and ventral receptors to adhere and spread, undergoing important changes with ...

This workshop is designed for those new to mammalian cell culture or needing a refresher course on the basics. The workshop includes informal lectures and hands-on experience. The major topics are: maintaining mammalian cells in culture (aseptic technique, thawing, counting, expanding, freezing) and troubleshooting (rescuing sick cells and recognizing and dealing with contamination).. ...

cell passage number - posted in Tissue and Cell Culture: Hi. I am wondering if someone could explain to me about the relationship between Vero cells passage number and antiviral activity. I mean whether it true that after a number of passages, the antiviral activity of Vero cells (or cells in general) might fall or display nothing at all. any suggestion or recommendation is appreciative. Cheers.

3D Cell Culture Webinar: View Lonzas archived webinar and learn how you can enhance your cell culture using RAFT™ 3D Cell Culture System. Watch it now!

Abstract: Cells cultured in 3D model systems often acquire relatively large in vivo-like structures compared to the thickness of a 2D monolayer of cells grown on standard plastic plates. Multicellular 3D culture systems containing more than one cell type and exhibiting formation of a complex extracellular matrix represent a more physiologically relevant environment, yet provide a challenge for assay chemistries originally designed for measuring events from monolayers of cells. There is an unmet need for guidelines for design and verification of convenient and effective assays useful for larger 3D microtissues. Critical factors to consider for each model system and cell type include effective penetration of detection reagents and/or complete lysis of microtissue structures using combinations of detergent and physical disruption. We will present the approach used to verify performance of a bioluminescent ATP detection assay for measuring cell viability, a caspase assay for detecting apoptosis, and ...

Determine maximal passage number - posted in Tissue and Cell Culture: Hey guys, I am doing some cell culture work right now and we have different cell lines (human pericytes, astrocytes and endothelial cells). My supervisor told me I should not culture them more then passage number 10 or 11. How would you determine the maximal passage number for a specific cell line? Thank you for your help

The two key issues in chemo- and radiation therapy is the development of tumor resistance as well as toxic effects on normal tissue. In this sense new strategies are required to increase efficacy of radiation to improve the therapeutic impact and reduce toxicological side effects. The performance of 3D cell culture systems over classical 2D culture systems has been shown to provide a closer representation of tissue-level biology. This has led to the rapid adoption of 3D systems for both drug discovery and toxicology. InSphero has developed a highly reproducible hanging drop technology able to generate monotypic cell spheroids (microtissues) in a 96-well format. The innovative 3D-microtissue plate technology has been adapted for analysis of the cellular response of radioresistant T47D breast cancer cells to combined radio-chemotherapy (RCTx). We have validated the model by comparing the treatment of microtissues with 10 different chemotherapeutic compounds, each tested alone and in combination ...

We have previously shown that BMP4 reduces proliferation and increases migration of breast cancer cells in vitro [10]. As these results were derived from cells grown in 2D monolayer culture, we set out to analyze the effect of BMP4 in a more physiological setting by employing 3D culture systems. We approached this issue by using both a biological gel (Matrigel, the standard 3D culture environment) and a synthetic material with RGD peptides and MMP-degradable peptide links (PEG gel).. The two materials studied provided dissimilar 3D environments as first evidenced by differences in the morphology of the normal and cancer cell clusters. The MCF-10A normal mammary epithelial cells had a polarized acini structure in Matrigel, as previously shown [17], while in PEG gel the cells formed irregular non-polarized structures. Similarly, the morphology of the different cancer cells varied between the two 3D models, with the structures formed in Matrigel again corresponding to those previously reported ...

We routinely freeze cells in 10%DMSO - 90%FCS, and have NOT been successful in freezing hybridoma cells that have been adapted to serum free conditions. We have recently embarked on further efforts to do this by investigating alternative freezing media. I have seen some articles (I forget where) suggesting use of glycerol or glycerol/DMSO combinations as cryoprotectants for cell lines that are otherwise difficult to freeze. We have tried to freeze 3 or 4 different serum-free adapted hybrids, all with the same crummy results. Good luck, hope your luck is better than ours. Fred Garbrecht Medical College of Wisconsin fgarbrec at post.its.mcw.edu On 3 Jun 1993, AMRUT S BHOGLE wrote: , Date: 3 Jun 93 17:12:19 GMT , From: AMRUT S BHOGLE ,AMRUT at UCSVAX.UCS.UMASS.EDU, , To: methods-and-reagents at net.bio.net , Subject: serum replacements , , Dear Readers, , , I have been trying to adapt a chicken lymphoblastoid cell-line , to serum-free conditions. I have been trying to freeze cells for posterity , ...

Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) exerts cell type-specific and context-dependent effects. Understanding the intrinsic effects of TGF-β on cancer cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a prerequisite for rationalized clinical implementation of TGF-β targeting therapies. Since the tum …

The present invention relates to an improved three-dimensional cell culture system in which cells are grown on a three-dimensional matrix while cycling the cultures between metabolically favorable and metabolically unfavorable (but noncytotoxic) conditions. The invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery that cycling the cultures in this manner optimizes the formation of extracellular matrix and produces an overall structure that more closely resembles naturally occurring tissue.

The factors and signaling pathways controlling pluripotent human cell properties, both embryonic and induced, have not been fully investigated . Failure to account for functional heterogeneity within

Developing a new drug from bench to bedside requires up to 10 years and investments between 0,8 and 1,1 billion US Dollars, according to the recent published data by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). As many as 90% of new drug candidates fail during the clinical development stage. New assays predicting the efficacy of drugs in the early, pre-clinical stage and which prevent animal testing are required to reduce both the development time and the costs in drug development. Modern assays are performed with three-dimensional cell cultures. They essentially avoid hard and flat surfaces. Hence, they favor less constrained physiological sample dynamics and promote cells growth under tissue-like conditions. This improves the reliability and the physiological significance of the assay. We develop three-dimensional cultures of tumor cell spheroids for phenotypic drug screening issues. The cultivated spheroids resemble their microenvironment and serve as a model for tumors in the living organism. ...

Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Energy-efficient standard cell memory with optimized body-bias separation in Silicon-on-Thin-BOX (SOTB). Together they form a unique fingerprint. ...

By definition, a morphogen is an instructive molecule that can specify two or more cell fates in a concentration-dependent manner (Ashe and Briscoe, 2006). In metazoans, morphogens often share other features including secretion from localized signaling centers, resulting in concentration gradients within target tissues, and the ability to act directly on cells at both short- and long-ranges (Grove and Monuki, 2013; Kicheva and Gonzalez-Gaitan, 2008; Tabata and Takei, 2004). Many such morphogens are now well known in invertebrate systems (Kicheva et al., 2007; Porcher and Dostatni, 2010). In vertebrate CNS model systems, classic morphogens are also thought to exist, including Sonic hedgehog (SHH) in the spinal cord, retinoic acid (RA) in the hindbrain, and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in the rostral-most telencephalon (Dessaud et al., 2007; Ericson et al., 1997; Schilling et al., 2012; Stamataki et al., 2005; Toyoda et al., 2010). These examples have relied largely on in vivo models, in which ...

Request free neuroscience wallcharts and learn more about Brain Organoids, Cerebral Organoids or Mini-Brains: ESC and iPSC derived 3D culture systems that mimic human brain development in a dish and can be used to model neurological diseases.

Read an interview with Dr. Madeline Lancaster and learn more about Brain Organoids, Cerebral Organoids or Mini-Brains: ESC and iPSC derived 3D culture systems that mimic human brain development in a dish and can be used to model neurological diseases.

Since the adult myocardium lacks the inherent ability to repair itself following ischemic injury, exogenous cell sources for the repair of infarcted myocardium have been investigated, and it has been demonstrated that transplanted cells may impart functional benefits via the secretion of growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules.  Such mitigation of tissue repair by cell-derived molecules represents a significant paradigm shift in the therapeutic application of stem and progenitor cells and provides a novel approach to myocardial repair.  My research aims are to (1) examine the effects of three-dimensional cell culture systems on adult progenitor cell differentiation, growth factor synthesis, and ECM production, and (2) to determine the effects of progenitor cell-derived factors on ischemic cells and tissues in vitro and in vivo.  These studies should yield new insights into the cues presented to injured myocardium by exogenously administered ...

In this study of three-dimensional (3D) printed composite β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)-/hydroxyapatite/poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-based constructs, the effects of vertical compositional ceramic gradients and architectural porosity gradients on the osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were investigated. Specifically, three different concentrations of β-TCP (0, 10, and 20 wt%) and three different porosities (33% ± 4%, 50% ± 4%, and 65% ± 3%) were examined to elucidate the contributions of chemical and physical gradients on the biochemical behavior of MSCs and the mineralized matrix production within a 3D culture system. By delaminating the constructs at the gradient transition point, the spatial separation of cellular phenotypes could be specifically…. ...

We offer a broad portfolio of three-dimensional cell culture systems including MaxGel human Extracellular Matrix (ECM), HydroMatrix synthetic peptide, and mouse ECM, to support stem cell and other cell cultures.

Our laboratory has had long-standing thematic interests in the cell-type and tissue-type specific actions of certain oncogenes (cyclin D1, EGFR) and tumor suppressor genes (p53, p120 catenin) in modulating the initiation, progression and invasion of gastrointestinal cancers, especially upper GI, pancreatic and colon. To that end, we employ novel three-dimensional cell culture systems (mouse and human origins) and genetically-engineered mouse models to investigate molecular mechanisms. These projects are translated into the objectives of improving molecular diagnostics and experimental therapeutics in patients ...

The Stem Cell Culture Systems RCCS-2SC includes a dual vessel rotator base, operation manual, two stem cell vessels of your choice and a one year warranty.

Please also join us for a reception honoring Dr. Anseth at 4:00pm in the Biomedical Sciences Building atrium!. Cellular Control in a Couple of Clicks. Methods for culturing mammalian cells in a biologically relevant context are increasingly needed to study cell and tissue physiology, expand and differentiate progenitor cells, and to grow replacement tissues for regenerative medicine. Two-dimensional culture has been the paradigm for in vitro cell culture; however, evidence and intuition suggest that cells behave differently when they are isolated from the complex architecture of their native tissues and constrained to petri dishes or material surfaces with unnaturally high stiffness, polarity, and surface to volume ratio. As a result, biologists are often faced with the need for a more physiologically relevant 3D culture environment, and many researchers are realizing the advantages of hydrogels as a means of creating custom 3D microenvironments with highly controlled chemical, biological and ...

With Cellartis clinical-grade hES cell line derivation services, we will deliver clinical-grade human ES cell lines for use in clinical research settings. The proprietary hES cell establishment method is feeder-free and animal/human-component free. The starting material is retrieved from FDA-compliant sources according to FDA guidelines. For more information, visit the services overview page and fill out the inquiry form on the right-hand side.. ...

Full listing of polarized 3d system manufacturer & suppliers online. We have a broad range of polarized 3d system and services which can be sourced by this comprehensive vertical web portal dedicated to helping global buyers searching and purchasing from Taiwan and China polarized 3d system manufacturers. Inquires are welcome from worldwide agents, importers, chain stores, distributors and wholesalers etc....

Gottwald reports that the real motivation for establishing a company was to harvest the fruits of their work that had led to the development of a marketable product. And he adds: Being able to do this in ones own company is great fun. It is a whole different world and a fantastic challenge. You get to know completely different people, gain new skills and be much closer to real life. You see the proverbial ivory tower of science through completely different eyes, and realize that it is actually a tower.. After the establishment of 300MICRONS, Gottwald reduced his research commitments at the KIT: in the morning, he works at the KIT where he heads up the 3D Cell Culture group, and he then spends his afternoons in the company. This works excellently, Gottwald says. And the reason it works so well is thanks to the KIT management who gave us every imaginable kind of support, including allowing Gottwald and his colleagues to work flexible hours. The KIT is always interested in spin-offs as it is ...

Cell or tissue culture experimentations should not be carried out in the regular laboratory space where other laboratory investigations are undertaken. This is critical to avoid contamination of cells in the cell culture plates and also to ensure that all the physiochemical environmental factors that encourage optimal growth of the cells are provided. Thus, cell culture experimentations should be carried out in a specialized laboratory or an area in the regular laboratory that is secluded from the usual laboratory area in order to achieve optimal result. Some key environmental conditions (i.e. the physiochemical or physico-chemical environmental growth factors) must be met in order to achieve optimum cell/tissue culture technique.. The microenvironment in which cell culture technique is basically carried out is unique and quite different from the traditional microbial cultures that also occur in vitro in the sense that tissue culture support the growth of living cells or cultures derived from ...

The new RAFT enables the production of reproducible 3D cell cultures in a standard 96-well plate format designed for compound screening and cell biology research. It uses collagen to create a realistic cellular environment to study complex cell behavior and gives scientists complete control over their experimental parameters.

New testing methods are imperative at early stages of drug development to reduce the expensive, late-stage failures due to efficacy and safety. Drug testing data, particularly in oncology, from in vivo-mimicking 3D cell cultures have the potential to play a pivotal role in early-stage decision-making about the probability of therapeutic candidates success. This white paper demonstrates the capabilities of the Perfecta3D Hanging Drop Plates from 3D Biomatrix for spheroid growth and subsequent hi

Using an innovative 3-D culture system, researchers were able to coax mouse embryonic stem cells to form cells and structures seen in the inner ear.

At this years Boston Biotech Week, Kristin ONeill and Ankit Mehta of Merck gave a very interesting talk titled, Experiences automating the Roche Cedex Bio HT and HiRes with the Flownamics SegFlow on-line sampling system. In the talk, they detailed their process and ultimate success in creating an automated system for cell density, cell viability, and cell culture medium analysis of CHO cell bioreactor cultures. The system consists of 3 components: the Seg-Flow 4800 (Flownamics) automated sampler and the Cedex HiRes and Bio HT analyzers (Roche Custom Biotech). The project was a beta site study developed as a collaborative effort of the three companies. In beginning this project, Merck wanted to improve operational efficiency by looking closely at their in-process analytics. The initial goal described in this presentation was to provide complete, automated analytics for a dual-feed bioreactor culture system. As a ready-to-use solution was not available, Merck partnered with Roche Custom ...

Potential of this technology to replace and reduce the usage of animal models for histological analysis and biochemical assays is expected to fuel demand for 3D Cell Culture products thus driving growth in the coming years. Advent of technology with respect to spheroid formation and matured assay methods, is expected to boost the emergence of…

Advancing Research with 3D Cell Culture. Biotech365 is an independent website sharing information about Biotech Companies, Biotechnology, and Biopharma.

TY - JOUR. T1 - A fully defined and scalable 3D culture system for human pluripotent stem cell expansion and differentiation. AU - Lei, Yuguo. AU - Schaffer, David V.. PY - 2013/12/24. Y1 - 2013/12/24. N2 - Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, are promising for numerous biomedical applications, such as cell replacement therapies, tissue and whole-organ engineering, and high-throughput pharmacology and toxicology screening. Each of these applications requires large numbers of cells of high quality; however, the scalable expansion and differentiation of hPSCs, especially for clinical utilization, remains a challenge. We report a simple, defined, efficient, scalable, and good manufacturing practice-compatible 3D culture system for hPSC expansion and differentiation. It employs a thermoresponsive hydrogel that combines easy manipulation and completely defined conditions, free of any human- or animal-derived factors, and ...

13. A method for preparing a cell culture substrate comprising: a composite (X) having a three-dimensional network formed of a polymer (A) of a monomer comprising a monomer (a) represented by Formula (1) below and at least one inorganic material (C) selected from a water-swellable clay mineral and silica: ##STR00008## wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2 is a C2-C3 alkylene group, R3 is a C1-C2 alkyl group and n is an integer of 1 to 9; and a polymer (B) having a lower critical solution temperature: the method comprising: a first step of mixing the monomer (a), the inorganic material (C) and a polymerization initiator (D) in an aqueous medium (W) such that the concentration of the inorganic material (C) in the aqueous medium (W) is within the range represented by the following Formula (2) or (3), and polymerizing the monomer (a) to provide a dispersion (L) of the composite (X) comprising the polymer (A) and the inorganic material (C); a second step of applying the dispersion (L) ...

Scaffold Free 3D Cell Culture Plate Market Research Report is Scaffold Free 3D Cell Culture Plate Market Report. Get Scaffold Free 3D Cell Culture Plate market research reports for Market Research, Analysis, Trends & Statistics. Latest Industry findings, analysis and Market Report on Scaffold Free 3D Cell Culture Plate. Scaffold Free 3D Cell Culture Plate Market Report is a syndicated market report to understand, Market Demand, Growth, trends analysis and Factor Influencing market in upcoming years.

Composition of a Weston Standard Cell, National Bureau of Standards, Annual Report, 296 (1914).; Composition of a Weston Standard Cell, National Bureau of Standards, Annual Report, 346 (1915).; Composition of a Weston Standard Cell, National Bureau of Standards, Annual Report, 393 (1916).; Composition of a Weston Standard Cell, National Bureau of Standards, Annual Report, 399 (1917 ...

We recently finished our Ask the Expert discussion, Incorporating recombinant proteins to produce blood-free media formulations for therapeutic cell types. During this Ask the Expert session, we discussed transitioning cells to blood free formulations, cell health and growth in blood-free medium and associated benefits.. Recent advancements in recombinant protein expression have enabled the cost-effective inclusion of recombinant proteins, such as albumin and transferrin in media formulations. These recombinant proteins can effectively replace human plasma or plasma-derived proteins and provide the benefit of reducing variability and risk of contamination from adventitious agents.. In this Ask the Expert session, Randall Alfano, Ph.D., Vice President of Product Development, provided insight on the use of recombinant albumin and transferrin to development blood-free media formulations for cell therapy production. InVitria has been successful in helping clinical development phase vaccine, stem, ...

Abumaree, M. H., Abomaray, F. M., Alshabibi, M. A., AlAskar, A. S., & Kalionis, B. (2017). Immunomodulatory properties of human placental mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Placenta, 59, 87-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. placenta.2017.04.003. PMid:28411943.. Ambrósio, C. E., Orlandin, J. R., Oliveira, V. C., Motta, L., Pinto, P., Pereira, V. M., Padoveze, L. R., Karam, R. G., & Pinheiro, A. O. (2020). Potential application of aminiotic stem cells in veterinary medicine. Animal Reproduction, 16(1), 24-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21451/1984-3143-AR2018-0124. PMid:33299475.. Bentin-Ley, U., Pedersen, B., Lindenberg, S., Larsen, J. F., Hamberger, L., & Horn, T. (1994). Isolation and culture of human endometrial cells in a three-dimensional culture system. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 101(2), 327-332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.1010327. PMid:7932366.. Bertassoli, B. M., Santos, A. C., Fratini, P., Will, S. E. A. L., Rodrigues, M. N., Chaves, A., & Assis Neto , A. C. (2015). Isolamento e ...

Human Adult Cardiac Stem Cell Culture Extra-cellular Differentiation Matrix is essential for Differentiation of Human Adult Cardiac Stem Cell Cultures. This product requires Human Adult Cardiac Stem Cell Culture Media Cat#M36099-26 and Cells Cat# 36099-26. Also available Products ...

Human Adult Cardiac Stem Cell Culture Extra-cellular Differentiation Matrix is essential for Differentiation of Human Adult Cardiac Stem Cell Cultures. This product requires Human Adult Cardiac Stem Cell Culture Media Cat#M36099-26 and Cells Cat# 36099-26. Also available Products ...

Khadivi, Farnaz and Koruji, Morteza and Akbari, Mohammad and Jabari, Ayob and Talebi, Ali and Ashouri Movassagh, Sepideh and Panahi Boroujeni, Amin and Feizollahi, Narjes and Nikmahzar, Aghbibi and Pourahmadi, Mohammad and Abbasi, Mehdi (2020) Application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) improves self-renewal of human spermatogonial stem cells in two-dimensional and three-dimensional culture systems. Acta Histochemica, 122 (8). p. 151627. ISSN 00651281 ...

Protease inhibitors (PIs) of hepatitis C virus (HCV) provide an additional or alternative therapy for chronic infection. However, assessment of their efficacy and ability to inhibit replication of different genotypes is hampered by the lack of a convenient animal model or a method for in vitro culture of HCV other than the type 1/2-based replicons and the infectious genotype 2a clone JFH1. To address this problem, we constructed a panel of replication-competent chimeric Jc1 (pFK JFH1/J6/C-846) clones containing protease and NS4A coding sequences from all six major genotypes, enabling the determination of replication and the susceptibility to PIs. Chimeras showed substantial variability in replication kinetics, attributable in part to naturally occurring polymorphisms and differing requirements for adaptive mutations in NS3 and NS4A. Through calculation of 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)s) of BILN 2061, measuring reduction in the number of focus-forming units/ml (FFU/ml) and replication inhibition,

For info regarding Fibroblast Cell Culture Protocols, please contact Leslie Gordon at [email protected], or Wendy Norris at [email protected].

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are capable of differentiating into all somatic cell types and hold great potential for future clinical applications. Recent studies on cell culture in stirred tank bioreactors indicate that mechanical forces resulting from the interaction of the cells with the turbulent eddies significantly affect the differentiation propensity of stem cells. The intensity of shear depends on the size of eddies that exist in the bioreactor relative to the microcarrier particles. It has been reported that cell damage can be avoided if the particle size is smaller than the size of the smallest eddy as characterized by the Kolmogorov length scale for turbulence. Thus, the Kolmogorov length scale is a key determinant of the differentiation outcome of cultured stem cells. This presentation will discuss the effects of the turbulent shear stress on the cell culture performance using a synergistic combination of computational fluid dynamic (CFD)-based simulations and experiments.

We are developing a long term culture protocol (several weeks) in which serum is replaced at the level of the culture medium, trypsin inhibition and the cryopreservation medium. After a preliminar screening to identify the essential factors for the MRC-5 cell proliferation, a prototype medium is now tested in long term cultures and the cell culture conditions are under optimalization. Afterwards, the cells adapted to the serum free medium will be further characterized at the molecular level ...

Multicellular tumor spheroid cultures (MCTS), have a wide variety of uses in the field of cancer treatment. Current methods, however, do not provide spheroids adequate large for therapy testing. In order to circumvent this problem, a bioreactor made using Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was constructed to allow the adequate growth of spheroid clusters. Liver Hepatic Carcinoma cells (Hep G2) and Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma (SW 1736) were cultured and isolated. They were then further matured using the hanging drop method, involving spheroid formation using gravity. The optimal growth time for hanging drop cultures was determined to be 72 hours. PDMS wells of different diameter were then constructed using a 24-well plate as a base, and clusters of cells were transferred into them for MCTS formation. The wells were fabricated using PDMS as a mold, then carving out wells for cell growth. Development of the spheroids in the bioreactor was monitored using microscopy paired with various staining ...

The iaxsys™ is a unique in vitro mechanobiology actuator that is compatible with established cell culture methods, consumables and incubators.. This versatile bioreactor platform facilitates near-physiologic strain of 2D membranes and scaffolds, thick 3D scaffolds (variotis™), ex vivo tissues, and soft tissue implants (eg bovine pericardium xenograft heart valve materials) within standard cell culture plates and flasks.. Quasi-static strain or cyclic strain can be applied uniformly to 6 samples simultaneously within a 6 well cell plate with a specified rate and number of cycles. Depending on the configuration, tensile or compression stresses are imparted.. When the iaxsys™ is used to actuate variotis™ scaffolds for mechanobiology studies in standard 6 well cell culture plates, the quality of RNA sampled is of a very high level. Unlike biologically derived gels and scaffolds, the fully synthetic variotis™ with b-glass™ avoids any contamination. The use of standard cell well plates ...

Three-dimensional (3D) culture systems are critical to investigate cell physiology and to engineer tissue grafts. In this study, we describe a simple yet innovative bioreactor-based approach to seed, expand, and differentiate bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) directly in a 3D environment, bypassing …

Glial scars are widely seen as a (bio)mechanical barrier to central nervous system regeneration. Due to the lack of a screening platform, which could allow in-vitro testing of several variables simultaneously, up to now no comprehensive study has addressed and clarified how different lesion microenvironment properties affect astrogliosis. Using astrocytes cultured in alginate gels and meningeal fibroblast conditioned medium, we have built a simple and reproducible 3D culture system of astrogliosis mimicking many features of the glial scar. Cells in this 3D culture model behave similarly to scar astrocytes, showing changes in gene expression (e.g. GFAP) and increased extra-cellular matrix production (chondroitin 4-sulphate and collagen), inhibiting neuronal outgrowth. This behavior being influenced by the hydrogel network properties. Astrocytic reactivity was found to be dependent on RhoA activity, and targeting RhoA using shRNA-mediated lentivirus reduced astrocytic reactivity. Further, we have shown

We have developed a reliable protocol for the serum-free dissociation and culture of spiral ganglion neurons from adult mice, an important animal model for patients with post-lingual hearing loss. Pilot experiments indicated ...

Marmoset iPS cells growing in feeder-free culture. (a) An iPS cell line derived by coinfection with four retroviruses (B8 cell line [25]). Cells are growing in

The global 3D cell culture market is anticipated to reach USD 1.69 billion by 2024, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Potential of this technology to replace and reduce the usage of animal models for histological analysis and biochemical assays is expected to fuel demand for 3D cell culture products thus driving growth in the coming years.. Advent of technology with respect to spheroid formation and matured assay methods is expected to boost the emergence of 3D optimized assays, kits, and protocols, in turn, expediting the entire research process. In addition, the scope of three-dimensional (3D) cell culturing experiments for evaluation of drug moiety is anticipated to grow owing to advantages associated with its usage. These advantages include increased cell to extra cellular matrix (ECM) as well as intercellular interactions, variation in the proliferation zones, ease for analyzing impact of site-specific stromal tissue components in the tumor microenvironment.. Research ...

Endothelial cells (ECs) are of great value for cell therapy, tissue engineering, and drug discovery. Obtaining high-quantity and -quality ECs remains very challenging. Here, we report a method for the scalable manufacturing of ECs from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). hPSCs are expanded and differentiated into ECs in a 3D thermoreversible PNIPAAm-PEG hydrogel. The hydrogel protects cells from hydrodynamic stresses in the culture vessel and prevents cells from excessive agglomeration, leading to high-culture efficiency including high-viability (|90%), high-purity (|80%), and high-volumetric yield (2.0 x 107 cells/mL). These ECs (i.e., 3D-ECs) had similar properties as ECs made using 2D culture systems (i.e., 2D-ECs). Genome-wide gene expression analysis showed that 3D-ECs had higher expression of genes related to vasculature development, extracellular matrix, and glycolysis, while 2D-ECs had higher expression of genes related to cell proliferation.

Some of us may remember conferences with sessions entitled Why 3D? Such sessions are a thing of the past now because there is an accumulating body of evidence - joined by the recent article from Leslie and colleagues [1] - demonstrating the importance and utility of 3D culture systems to discover and model biological process with in vivo relevance. For example, when normal and malignant human breast cells are placed in 3D cultures of laminin-rich gels, the former cells form growth-arrested, lumen-containing acini and the latter cells form disorganized structures [2]. Inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor and β1-integrin can revert the malignant phenotype, and each inhibitor downmodulates its own target as well as the other targets only in 3D but not in cells grown as monolayer cultures - suggesting that signaling pathways reciprocally regulate each other to maintain the transformed state [3]. ErbB2/HER2-induced transformation of 3D structures, but not cell proliferation, requires ...

Evidence has arisen over the past several years that use of a three- dimensional (3D) culture system provides a distinct advantage over two- dimensional (2D) systems when cellular interactions are examined in a more natural environment. Changes in morphology, speed, and directionality of cells tested in both planar and 3D matrices have all demonstrated that using 3D system is advantageous. The changes to the cellular migration patterns were shown to be dependent on several variables within the surrounding substrate including cellular content, physical environment, and the matrix chemical milieu. We have taken advantage of using collagen hydrogels as a 3D scaffold for culturing cells for an extended period of time which has led to intriguing discoveries. One such discovery is that independent of cell type, cells which were placed on top of the hydrogel formed a ring structure we termed a toroid. These toroids take the shape of the well in which they are cultured. These toroidal cells appear long, thin,

Spheroids vs. Organoids-Whats the difference?. Spheroids and organoids are both 3D structures made of many cells. Although the terminology has been used interchangeably, there are distinct differences between the two. An organoid is a collection of organ-specific cell types that develops from stem cells or organ progenitors, which self-organize through cell sorting and spatially restricted lineage commitment in a manner similar to in vivo.1 Multicellular tumor spheroid models were first described in the early 1970s and were obtained by culturing cancer cell lines under non-adherent conditions which forces cells to adhere to each other to form spheroids. A substantial difference between these 3D structures is the higher order of self-assembly and dependence on an extracellular matrix for organoids as opposed to spheroid cultures.1 Tissue-derived tumor spheres and organotypic multicellular spheroids are typically obtained by tumor tissue mechanical dissociation and tumorosphere cultures can be ...

Transgenic and gene knockout technologies are powerful tools for studying gene function. A commonly used method for creating transgenic and knockout mice involves the introduction of genetically modified embryonic stem cells into early-stage mouse embryos by either blastocyst injection or aggregation techniques.

The progressive loss of neurons in the brain of Parkinsons patients is slow yet inexorable. So far, there are no drugs that can halt this insidious process. Researchers at the Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB) of the University of Luxembourg have now managed to grow the types of neurons affected starting from neuronal stem cells in a three-dimensional cell culture system. A release from the university reports that the scientists working with Dr. Ronan Fleming of the LCSB research group Systems Biochemistry are confident this system could greatly facilitate the continuing search for therapeutic agents in future as it models the natural conditions in the brain more realistically than other systems available so far. It is also significantly cheaper to employ in the laboratory. The results were recently published in the journal Lab on a Chip.. Parkinsons disease is characterized in particular by the death of dopamine-producing neurons in the Substantia nigra of the midbrain. It is ...

The real world is three-dimensional. Thats true even in the laboratory, where scientists have to grow cells to study how they develop and what happens when their growth is abnormal.. More and more laboratories are seeking to develop three-dimensional cell culture systems that allow them to test their new techniques and drugs in a system that more closely mimics the way in which cells grow. However, a big sticking point is the cost of commercial media for growing such cultures.. Dr. Steffi Oesterreich, associate professor in the Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine, and Dr. Benny A. Kaipparettu, a postdoctoral associate in her laboratory, found a solution chicken egg whites. Their process has garnered attention in other laboratories around the world. A report on their technique appeared in a recent issue of the journal BioTechniques, which featured their article on its cover.. Its important because the architecture of the cell is different in two dimensions ...

Fig. 1: The Zetos culture system: the loading device (left), a set of diffusion culture chambers (arrow), each with their own media supply from a reservoir (right) through Tygon tubing with the aid of a peristaltic pump (white box).. This novel system (Ref. 1) combines a set of housing chambers for the cancellous bone tissue, as well as a loading device to apply daily physiological mechanical stimulation (Figure 1). Cancellous bone tissue from ovine distal femora, bovine metacarpals or human femoral heads (Ethic Commission Graubünden (18/02) approval), were excised and cut into 9mm thick sections with the use of an Exakt 300 band saw. No animals were sacrificed specifically for this work, bovine material was collected from the local slaughterhouse and ovine material was used from animals after sacrifice for other experiments. Cores 10mm in diameter were bored out from the sections and cut parallel to 5mm with an annular saw. Bone cores were inserted inside the diffusion culture chambers and ...

With the advent of cost effective culturing approaches, 3D cell culture models (3D-CCMs) have been rapidly adopted for drug discovery since they provide a more physiologically relevant micro-environment; showing improved predictive utility for assessing drug efficacy and/or toxicity when compared to traditional 2D monolayer models.

TY - JOUR. T1 - A minimal computational model for three-dimensional cell migration. AU - Cao, Yuansheng. AU - Ghabache, Elisabeth. AU - Miao, Yuchuan. AU - Niman, Cassandra. AU - Hakozaki, Hiroyuki. AU - Reck-Peterson, Samara L.. AU - Devreotes, Peter N.. AU - Rappel, Wouter Jan. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant no. PHY-1707637, the National Institutes of Health under grant no. R35GM118177, and by Human Frontier Science Program grant no. LT000371/2017-C. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.. PY - 2019/12/1. Y1 - 2019/12/1. N2 - During migration, eukaryotic cells can continuously change their three-dimensional morphology, resulting in a highly dynamic and complex process. Further complicating this process is the observation that the same cell type can rapidly switch between different modes of migration. Model-ling this complexity necessitates models that are able to track ...

Scientists know that industrial contaminants pose a danger to aquatic life; what they do not yet know is whether other additives that are often present in waterways help or hinder this problem. Here at IBES, former graduate affiliate April Rodd is using a test case of two materials-carbon nanoparticles and benzo(a)pyrene-to explore the effects of such chemical mixtures on fish.. Rodd, who earned her PhD in early 2017, employs a new form of technology called three-dimensional cell culture to study fish liver cells. In this process, scientists modify the more classic, single-layer culture and turn it into something more closely resembling the cells of a living organism.. Instead of having a flat, single layer of cells, you force it to assemble into a ball of tissue instead, she explains.. Rodd and her colleagues are familiar with the toxic effect of benzo(a)pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) commonly found in oil spills, on cultured fish cells alone-but the combined effect of this ...

To create life-like movements, living muscle actuator technologies have borrowed inspiration from biomimetic concepts in developing bioinspired robots. Here, the development of a bioinspired soft robotics system, with integrated self-actuating cardiac muscles on a hierarchically structured scaffold with flexible gold microelectrodes is reported. Inspired by the movement of living organisms, a batoid-fish-shaped substrate is designed and reported, which is composed of two micropatterned hydrogel layers. The first layer is a poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel substrate, which provides a mechanically stable structure for the robot, followed by a layer of gelatin methacryloyl embedded with carbon nanotubes, which serves as a cell culture substrate, to create the actuation component for the soft body robot ...

Microtissues offers a 12 well spheroids pack containing: three 12-256 micro-molds for making small spheroids and three 12-81 micro-molds for making larger spheroids. Embryoid bodies mimic early in vivo development. Multicellular tumor spheroids mimic the in vivo tumor environment.. ...

Collect dermal spheres into a 50-mL tube and let spheres settle to the bottom (see Note 7). 3. Remove as much medium without disturbing settled spheres. 4. Add 5-mL melanocyte differentiation medium (Mel-1) to spheres. Pipette up and down five times. Aspirate fibronectin from chamber slide wells or T25 flask. 5. Gently remove as much medium from spheres as possible without disturbing. 6. Add 5 mL Mel-1 and transfer spheres to fibronectin-coated chamber slide well or T25 flask. 7. Incubate at 37°C and in a 5% CO2 tissue culture incubator for 3 weeks, changing ½ of Mel-1 medium twice a week (see Note 7). 18. Place the MiniMACS holder with magnet in the sterile bench and attach the separation column to the magnet. To collect the liquid waste, put a beaker under the column. Equilibrate the column with 3 ml of the washing buffer. Pipette the hAEpC suspension on the column and let it flow through. After four washing steps with each 3 ml BSSB, eluate the cells from the column with 5 ml BSSB (see Note ...

Bombyx mori bidensovirus (BmBDV), which belongs to the Bidnaviridae family established by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in 2011, was the first bidensovirus identified in insects. The structure of BmBDV is similar to that of parvoviruses, while its replication is similar to that of adenoviruses. Although BmBDV has the potential to be used as a tool in biological pest control and as an expression vector, virus rescue has been a bottleneck in the application of this virus. In this study, we constructed a full-length genomic clone of BmBDV and showed that its terminal structure was restored. A recombinant BmBDV that expressed the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene was constructed. Then, BmN cells, which are an ovarian cell line, were co-transfected with the linearized genome using continuous culture and expanded cell culture methods. The results showed that the GFP gene was expressed successfully, and that cell lesions occurred in virus-infected cells.

TY - JOUR. T1 - The relative composition of actin isoforms regulates biophysical features and cellular behavior in 2D and 3D cell cultures. AU - Qasaimeh, Mohammad. AU - Xie, X.. AU - Deliorman, Muhammedin. AU - Percipalle, Piergiorgio. PY - 2018. Y1 - 2018. M3 - Article. VL - 1862. JO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects. JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects. SN - 0304-4165. IS - 5. ER - ...

2000) process was adapted to create neuron-like cells inside a 2D cell culture format that could subsequently be taken care of within a 3D matrix. to research the mechanisms involved with disease development in synucleinopathies. and versions suggests a standard physiological part in the rules of neurotransmitter launch and synaptic function, but its part in disease remains to be badly understood (Iwai et al., 1995; Kahle et al., 2000; Murphy et al., 2000; Nemani et al., 2010). Familial early-onset types of PD are connected with mutations in the gene, encoding -syn (Polymeropoulos et al., 1997; Singleton et al., 2003)Genomic duplications, triplications and missense mutations (e.g. A53T, A30P, E46K and H50Q) all implicate -syn in the pathogenesis of PD (Spatola and Wider, 2014). Nevertheless, just 10% of instances are associated with a hereditary basis of the condition, with nearly all instances having an unfamiliar aetiology (Mcculloch et al., 2008; Wirdefeldt et al., 2011). Insights from and ...

This video demonstrates the dissection and removal of the fetal thymus as well the preparation of ex vivo cultures of 2-dGuo-treated...

The SOPs are generally classified in the following four categories: Administration SOPS: control the exchange of data inter-office, access to patient records and files and electronic data and the handling and access to privileged and sensitive information. Operation SOPs: control all laboratory operations that specifically concern individual sample data, laboratory management and cleanliness, as well as all QM/QC procedures. They also cover employee safety and all processes that maintain an aseptic processing environment. Biologic SOPS: control all biologic preparation, manufacturing and testing processes required to be performed in a sterile environment by a trained technician. These SOPs and their associated data collection forms are standardized to capture all data and record any deviations in process. The biologic SOPs govern all in laboratory process including the creation of re-manufactured enzymes, cell culture methods and all in process testing. Equipment SOPs: control handle details ...

Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biocompatible and biodegradable polyester that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in various applications used in the human body as (for example) a drug delivery device, suture (sold under the brand name Monocryl or generically), or adhesion barrier. PCL is one of the most ubiquitous materials used in 3D Cell Culture research and also drives BellaSenos patented Senella® technology ...

BioTek Webinars, 03-Mar-14, Comparison of 3D Cell Culture Technologies to Plated Cells in 2D for Oncology and Toxicology Applications

Alternatives to animal testing are the development and implementation of test methods that avoid the use of live animals. There is widespread agreement that a reduction in the number of animals used and the refinement of testing to reduce suffering should be important goals for the industries involved. Two major alternatives to in vivo animal testing are in vitro cell culture techniques and in silico computer simulation. However, some claim they are not true alternatives because simulations use data from prior animal experiments and cell cultures often require animal derived products, such as serum or cells. Others say that they cannot replace animals completely as they are unlikely to ever provide enough information about the complex interactions of living systems. Other alternatives include the use of humans for skin irritancy tests and donated human blood for pyrogenicity studies. Another alternative is so-called microdosing, in which the basic behaviour of drugs is assessed using human ...

Cell Culture Technology by available in Trade Paperback on Powells.com, also read synopsis and reviews. This textbook provides an overview on current cell culture techniques, conditions and applications,...

Festenstein, H; Davies, A J.; Leuchars, E; Wallis, V J.; and Doenhoff, M J., Mouse blood lymphocyte origins investigated by a simple cell culture technique. Lymphatic tissue and germinal centers in immune response, plenum, (1969). Subject Strain Bibliography 1969. 1827 ...

iPS-Brew GMP Medium is a xeno-and serum-free medium formulation that has been developed for the maintenance of undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells under feeder-free conditions. The complete medium is composed of the specifically formulated

RGD (arginine-glycine-aspartic) containing elastin-like proteins (RGD-ELP), in the structure of TGPG[VGRGD (VGVPG)6]20WPC, was treated to HEK293 cells to construct in vivo-mimic 3-dimensional (3D) spheroid cells. The constructed 3D cells had increased extracellular matrices (ECMs). To identify the induced functions of 3D cells with ECMs, genomic profiles changed in 3D cells compared to the conventional 2-dimensional (2D) cells were analyzed. In HEK293 cells exposed RGD-ELP for 72 h, the total up- and down-regulated genes (824 genes) were selected to be differentially expressed genes. Further analysis by bioinformatics showed that top functions induced in 3D cells were cell proliferation, cell-to-cell signaling, cell differentiation and movement, and connective tissue development and function. We propose that the 3D cells constructed with RGD-ELP in this study could provide more in vivo-mimic responses by cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM signaling. © 2013 Korean Society of Environmental Risk ...

Other Course Information A. Objectives By the end of the course, the students will develop a strong research understanding and will have hands on experience of the following: 1. Principles of measurements, balances and pipetting, working of pH instrument, preparation of different media, buffers and indicators. 2. General cell culture techniques, maintain cell cultures, viability and cytotoxicity assays. 3. Microscopy, principles and applications. Preparation of slides using different fixatives and stains to observe and identify different organisms/cell organelles. 4. DNA extraction, quantification, and separation by agarose gel. Primer designing and PCR amplification of their own genomic DNA by using buccal swabs. 5. Basic principles and applications of colorimetry, spectrophotometry, and flowcytometry. 6. Immunological techniques like western blot and ELISA. 7. Protein estimation with Bradford and Lowry s methods. 8. Expression of foreign gene in bacterial host system, vector designing and ...