[54 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 5 (Carcinoembryonic Antigen or CEA or Meconium Antigen 100 or CD66e or CEACAM5) - Pipeline Review, H1 2016 report by Global Markets Direct. Global Markets Directs, Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule...

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (non-specific cross reacting antigen) (CEACAM6) also known as CD66c (Cluster of Differentiation 66c), is a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene family.. Cluster of differentiation GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000086548 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Entrez Gene: CEACAM6 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (non-specific cross reacting antigen). Oikawa S, Inuzuka C, Kuroki M, et al. (1991). A specific heterotypic cell adhesion activity between members of carcinoembryonic antigen family, W272 and NCA, is mediated by N-domains. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (13): 7995-8001. PMID 2022629. Haus O, Noworolska A, Laskowski M, et al. (1990). Prognostic significance of secondary cytogenetic changes and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) in patients with Ph-positive chronic myeloid leukemia. Exp. Mol. Pathol. 52 (2): 235-42. doi:10.1016/0014-4800(90)90008-2. PMID 2332039. Hefta SA, Paxton RJ, ...

Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CEACAM7 gene. ENSG00000007306 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000280501, ENSG00000007306 - Ensembl, May 2017 Human PubMed Reference:. Thompson J, Zimmermann W, Nollau P, Neumaier M, Weber-Arden J, Schrewe H, Craig I, Willcocks T (Jan 1995). CGM2, a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen gene family is down-regulated in colorectal carcinomas. J Biol Chem. 269 (52): 32924-31. PMID 7806520. Thompson J, Seitz M, Chastre E, Ditter M, Aldrian C, Gespach C, Zimmermann W (May 1997). Down-regulation of carcinoembryonic antigen family member 2 expression is an early event in colorectal tumorigenesis. Cancer Res. 57 (9): 1776-84. PMID 9135022. Entrez Gene: CEACAM7 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7. Human CEACAM7 genome location and CEACAM7 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Douard R, Wind P, Sales JP, et al. (2006). Long-term prognostic value of detection of ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Structural model of the catalytic domain of an enzyme with cell adhesion activity: human vascular adhesion protein-1 (HVAP-1) D4 domain is an amine oxidase. AU - Salminen, Tiina. AU - Smith, DJ. AU - Jalkanen, S. AU - Johnson, Mark S. PY - 1998. Y1 - 1998. N2 - Human vascular adhesion protein-1 (HVAP-1) is a multifunctional protein having at least two different cellular roles, functioning both as a lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion protein and as an enzyme with monoamine oxidase activity. HVAP-1 is a 180 kDa homodimeric glycoprotein consisting of a membrane-spanning domain and three predicted extracellular copper-containing amine oxidase domains. In HVAP-1 the extracellular domains are composed of a large domain DJ, containing the active site and forming the interface of the dimer, while the smaller D2 and D3 domains surround the D4 dimer near the entrance to the active site. The structural model of the catalytic D4 domain of HVAP-1 reveals that all components necessary for ...

|span style=font-family:Times,serif;font-size:9pt;>The CC1 monoclonal antibody specifically recognizes carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1a (CEACAM1a or CEACAM1[a]), an allotypic form of CEACAM1 which is also known as CD66a, Murine hepatitis virus receptor (MHV-R), or Biliary glycoprotein 1 (BGP-1). Four known isoforms of mouse CD66a arise from alternative splicing of RNA transcripts encoded by |/span>|span style=font-style:italic;font-family:Times,serif;font-size:9pt;>Ceacam1|/span>|span style=font-family:Times,serif;font-size:9pt;>, a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family and Ig gene superfamily. These isoforms are type I transmembrane proteins that include a heavily glycosylated extracellular region with an N-terminal IgV-like domain and up to three IgC2-like domains followed by a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail of relatively short (10 amino acids) or long (73 amino acids) length. The cytoplasmic tails enable interactions with other intracellular

Human vascular adhesion protein-1 (HVAP-1) is a multifunctional protein having at least two different cellular roles, functioning both as a lymphocyte-endothelial cell adhesion protein and as an enzyme with monoamine oxidase activity. HVAP-1 is a 180 kDa homodimeric glycoprotein consisting of a membrane-spanning domain and three predicted extracellular copper-containing amine oxidase domains. In HVAP-1 the extracellular domains are composed of a large domain DJ, containing the active site and forming the interface of the dimer, while the smaller D2 and D3 domains surround the D4 dimer near the entrance to the active site. The structural model of the catalytic D4 domain of HVAP-1 reveals that all components necessary for enzymatic monoamine oxidase activity are indeed present within the HVAP-1 and pinpoints residues that may be key to substrate entry through a channel to the active site and residues likely to be involved in substrate specificity as well as structural features critical to dimer ...

Background T cell exhaustion has recently been proposed as an alternative mechanism to prevent memory development and tissue damage arising during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in murine orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), with carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) identified as a key ligand for TIM-3-mediated negative immune regulation in the liver. In our cohort of human OLT patients, IRI+ recipients had a 12-fold higher ratio of TIM-1+:TIM-3+ CD4+ T cells at 3 months post-transplant than IRI-. Aim We sought to investigate donor and recipient contributions to CEACAM1 expression in human OLT-IRI. Methods We compared the cellular expression of CEACAM1 biopsies obtained from the donor organ pre- and post-reperfusion with the recipient's portal blood. Additionally, we evaluated CEACAM1 expression of 3rd party healthy donor monocytes co-cultured for 4 days with recipient portal blood obtained both pre- and post-reperfusion through the donor organ. Results ...

Junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) is an adhesion molecule involved in transendothelial migration of leukocytes. In this study, we examined JAM-C expression in the synovium and investigated the role of this molecule in two experimental mouse models of arthritis. JAM-C expression was investigated by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. The effects of a monoclonal anti-JAM-C antibody were assessed in antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) and K/BxN serum transfer-induced arthritis. JAM-C was expressed by synovial fibroblasts in the lining layer and associated with vessels in the sublining layer in human and mouse arthritic synovial tissue. In human tissue, JAM-C expression was increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as compared to osteoarthritis synovial samples (12.7 ± 1.3 arbitrary units in RA versus 3.3 ± 1.1 in OA; p | 0.05). Treatment of mice with a monoclonal anti-JAM-C antibody decreased the severity of AIA. Neutrophil infiltration into inflamed joints was

Dr. Blumberg is Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Chief of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Womens Hospital, co-Director of the Harvard Digestive Diseases Center and past-Director of the Brigham Research Institute. He has directed a National Institutes of Health funded laboratory since 1989 which has a particular emphasis on the immunologic functions of the intestinal epithelium; a field that his laboratory has pioneered through the study of non classical MHC class I molecules and more recently the unfolded protein response and Paneth cell function and is a leading authority on carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) and the neonatal crystallizable fragment receptor (FcRn) function. Dr. Blumberg has been the recipient of the an NIH Method to Extend Research in Time (M.E.R.I.T) Award (2005), the William Beaumont Prize (2009), the CCFA Scientific Achievement Award in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Basic Research (2012), a Lifetime Scientific Achievement Award from the ...

Inflammation is related to many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and metabolic diseases. Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is an endothelial adhesion molecule involved in leukocyte trafficking cascades from blood circulation to the sites of inflammation. In normal condition, VAP-1 is stored in intracellular granules. During inflammation it is rapidly translocated from the intracellular storage granules to the endothelial cell surface. Siglec-9 is a leukocyte ligand of VAP-1 and Siglec-9 motif containing peptide can be used as a positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for in vivo imaging of inflammation-related diseases ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - ENDOTHELIAL CELL ADHESION MOLECULES IN PSORIASIS. AU - Lee, May‐Lian ‐L. AU - To, Shing Shun Tony. AU - Nicholson, Ellen. AU - Schrieber, Leslie. PY - 1994/1/1. Y1 - 1994/1/1. N2 - Skin biopsies from patients with psoriasis and normal controls were examined for the expression of cell adhesion molecules including intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule‐1 (ELAM‐1), HECA‐452 and 4D10, using an immunoperoxidase techique. This study demonstrates that psoriatic skin exhibits a wide variety of markers of endothelial cell activation which are either induced or increased expression (ICAM‐1, ELAM‐1 & 4D10). Moreover, ICAM‐1 & HECA‐452 are also on leukocytes. These antigens may facilitate the adhesion of inflammatory cells to endothelium and antigen‐presenting cells in psoriatic skin. Thus, they may play a role in faciliating the infiltration of leukocytes into psoriatic skin.. AB - Skin biopsies from patients with psoriasis ...

In arthropods like Drosophila, Down syndrome cell adhesion molecules (Dscam1) exhibit enormous molecular diversity. A single Dscam1 gene encodes a large superfamily of neuronal cell recognition proteins that control neuronal outgrowth and anatomy. A comparable function is exhibited by the vertebrates DSCAMs of which only few isoforms exist. However, it is largely unknown, if and how this function of Dscams affects neuronal function and the control of behavior by the nervous system. In this thesis, I employed an arsenal of genetic techniques to perturb the expression level of Dscam1 isoforms in directionally selective Lobula Plate Tangential Cells (LPTCs). LPTCs of the Vertical (VS) and the Horizontal System (HS) were chosen as a model system because of their well-documented anatomy, role in information processing and behavior. Though, only little is known about the developmental mechanisms and molecular factors controlling the morphogenesis and wiring of these cells. The central aim of my study ...

Cell Biol Int. 2021 Mar 24. doi: 10.1002/cbin.11598. Online ahead of print.. ABSTRACT. Overexpression of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) plays a crucial role in the acquired multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer. The elucidation of molecular events that confer BCRP-mediated MDR is of major therapeutic importance in breast cancer. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) has been implicated in tumor progression and drug resistance in various types of cancers, including breast cancer. However, the role of EpCAM in BCRP-mediated MDR in breast cancer remains unknown. In the present study, we revealed that EpCAM expression was upregulated in BCRP-overexpressing breast cancer MCF-7/MX cells, and EpCAM knockdown using siRNA reduced BCRP expression and increased the sensitivity of MCF-7/MX cells to mitoxantrone (MX). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promoted BCRP-mediated MDR in breast cancer cells, and EpCAM knockdown partially suppressed EMT progression in MCF-7/MX cells. In ...

Purpose Among cell adhesion molecules, serum degrees of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin are regarded as correlated with the metastatic potential of gastric cancer. in gastric cancers tissue and cultured gastric cancers cells were elevated, however, E-selectin in gastric cancers tissue and cells werent elevated. Among 157 gastric malignancy patients, 79 patients (50%) were intercellular adhesion molecule-1 positive and experienced larger tumor FCRL5 size, an increased depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis and perineural invasion. The intercellular adhesion molecule-1 positive group showed a higher incidence of tumor recurrence (40.5%), and a poorer 3-12 months survival than the negative group (54.9 vs. 85.9%, respectively). Conclusions Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is usually overexpressed in gastric malignancy tissues and cultured gastric malignancy cells, whereas E-selectin is not overexpressed. Increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in gastric ...

CEACAM6 (carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 6), Authors: Dessen P. Published in: Atlas Genet Cytogenet Oncol Haematol.

I have examined the distribution of neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) in cultured C2 myogenic cells and other cell lines to determine if N-CAM accumulates at sites of cell-cell contact. C2 cells growing in log phase display large clusters of neural cell adhesion molecule where they contact each other. These clusters are remarkably stable, do not form at cell-substrate contacts, and appear not to be enriched in a number of other cytoskeletal, membrane, or extracellular proteins. Thus, N-CAM clusters form preferentially in response to cell-cell contact and are specifically enriched in N-CAM. As C2 cultures mature and differentiate, clusters persist at contacts between aligning myoblasts and between myotubes, consistent with a role in myogenesis. N-CAM is also enriched at cell-cell contacts in cultures of PC12, NRK, and CHO cells. These cells have significant amounts of N-CAM as detected on immunoblots. Clusters are not seen in L929 cells, which do not have detectable amounts of N-CAM. ...

HIV pseudotypes bearing native hepatitis C virus (HCV) glycoproteins (pressure H and Con1) are infectious for the human hepatoma cell traces Huh-7 and PLC/PR5. Infectivity will depend on coexpression of each E1 and E2 glycoproteins, is pH-dependent, and could be neutralized by mAbs mapping to amino acids 412-447 inside E2. Cell-surface expression of 1 or all the candidate receptor molecules (CD81, low-density lipoprotein receptor, scavenger receptor class B sort 1, and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule three grabbing nonintegrin) didnt confer permissivity to HIV-HCV pseudotype an infection. Nonetheless, HIV-HCV pseudotype infectivity was inhibited by a recombinant soluble type of CD81 and a mAb particular for CD81, suggesting that CD81 could…. ...

HIV pseudotypes bearing native hepatitis C virus (HCV) glycoproteins (pressure H and Con1) are infectious for the human hepatoma cell traces Huh-7 and PLC/PR5. Infectivity will depend on coexpression of each E1 and E2 glycoproteins, is pH-dependent, and could be neutralized by mAbs mapping to amino acids 412-447 inside E2. Cell-surface expression of 1 or all the candidate receptor molecules (CD81, low-density lipoprotein receptor, scavenger receptor class B sort 1, and dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule three grabbing nonintegrin) didnt confer permissivity to HIV-HCV pseudotype an infection. Nonetheless, HIV-HCV pseudotype infectivity was inhibited by a recombinant soluble type of CD81 and a mAb particular for CD81, suggesting that CD81 could…. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Monoclonal antibodies to human lymphocyte homing receptors define a novel class of adhesion molecules on diverse cell types. AU - Picker, L. J.. AU - Nakache, M.. AU - Butcher, E. C.. PY - 1989. Y1 - 1989. N2 - A 90-kD lymphocyte surface glycoprotein, defined by monoclonal antibodies of the Hermes series, is involved in lymphocyte recognition of high endothelial venules (HEV). Lymphocyte gp90(Hermes) binds in a saturable, reversible fashion to the mucosal vascular addressin (MAd), a tissue-specific endothelial cell adhesion molecule for lymphocytes. We and others have recently shown that the Hermes antigen is identical to or includes CD44 (In[Lu]-related p80), human Pgp-1, and extracellular matrix receptor III-molecules reportedly expressed on diverse cell types. Here, we examine the relationship between lymphoid and non-lymphoid Hermes antigens using serologic, biochemical, and, most importantly, functional assays. Consistent with studies using mAbs to CD44 or Pgp-1, mAbs ...

Levels of the neural cell adhesion molecule N-CAM in muscle are regulated in parallel with the susceptibility of muscle to innervation: N-CAM is abundant on the surface of early embryonic myotubes, declines in level as development proceeds, reappears when adult muscles are denervated or paralyzed, and is lost after reinnervation (Covault, J., and J. R. Sanes, 1985, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 82:4544-4548). Here we used immunocytochemical methods to compare this pattern of expression with those of several other molecules known to be involved in cellular adhesion. Laminin, fibronectin, and a basal lamina-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan accumulate on embryonic myotubes after synapse formation, and their levels change little after denervation. L1, J1, nerve growth factor-inducible large external protein, uvomorulin, and a carbohydrate epitope (L2/HNK-1) shared by several adhesion molecules are undetectable on the surface of embryonic, perinatal, adult, or denervated adult muscle fibers. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Sex differences in the expression of cell adhesion molecules on microvesicles derived from cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells treated with inflammatory and thrombotic stimuli. AU - Hunter, Larry W.. AU - Jayachandran, Muthuvel. AU - Miller, Virginia M.. N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by NIH grant NIH P50 AG44170 and the Mayo Foundation. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 The Author(s).. PY - 2019/5/22. Y1 - 2019/5/22. N2 - Background: There are sex differences in risk for stroke and small vessel ischemic disease in the brain. Microvesicles (MV) derived from activated cells vary by cell of origin and the stimulus initiating their release. MV released from cells activated by inflammatory and thrombotic factors have the potential to disrupt endothelial cells of the brain microvasculature. Therefore, experiments were designed to identify sex differences in the phenotype of MV released from cultured human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) in ...

Purchase Recombinant Human Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule(PECAM1),partial. It is produced in Yeast. High purity. Good price.

TY - JOUR. T1 - Innate signaling by the C-type lectin DC-SIGN dictates immune responses. AU - den Dunnen, J.. AU - Gringhuis, S.I.. AU - Geijtenbeek, T.B.H.. PY - 2009. Y1 - 2009. N2 - Effective immune responses depend on the recognition of pathogens by dendritic cells (DCs) through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These receptors induce specific signaling pathways that lead to the induction of immune responses against the pathogens. It is becoming evident that C-type lectins are also important PRRs. In particular, the C-type lectin DC-SIGN has emerged as a key player in the induction of immune responses against numerous pathogens by modulating TLR-induced activation. Recent reports have begun to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these immune responses. Upon pathogen binding, DC-SIGN induces an intracellular signaling pathway with a central role for the serine/threonine kinase Raf-1. For several pathogens that interact with DC-SIGN, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and ...

A new study published in Biological Psychiatry suggests that autism is associated with reductions in the level of cellular adhesion molecules in the blood, where they play a role in immune function.. Cell adhesion molecules are the glue that binds cells together in the body. Deficits in adhesion molecules would be expected to compromise processes at the interfaces between cells, influencing tissue integrity and cell-to-cell signaling. In the brain, deficits in adhesion molecules could compromise brain development and communication between nerve cells.. Over the years, deficits in neural cell adhesion molecules have been implicated in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. One adhesion molecule, neurexin, is strongly implicated in the heritable risk for autism.. Cell adhesion molecules also play a crucial role in regulating immune cell access to the central nervous system. Prior research provided evidence of immune system dysfunction in individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder ...

BACKGROUND The cell adhesion between vascular endothelial cells and leukocytes is an important process for the immuno-inflammatory changes. To clarify the basic features of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), studies of in situ localization of the cell adhesion molecules are required. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We analyzed the immunohistochemical localization of the adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, LFA-1, Mac-1, VCAM-1, VLA-4, P- and E-selectins) in IBD, stressing phenotypical changes of endothelial cells. RESULTS In the normal mucosa, ICAM-1 was expressed in capillaries and venules, LFA-1 in some lymphocytes and VLA-4 in most lymphocytes. VCAM-1 was expressed sporadically in venules and constantly in follicular dendritic cells (FDC) in lymphoid follicles. Both E- and P-selectins were sporadically expressed in venules. In actively inflamed mucosa in IBD, a marked increase of all these antigens was observed; ICAM-1+ inflammatory infiltrates (lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages) and ICAM-1+ venules increased

Cadherin cell adhesion molecules play crucial tasks in vertebrate development including the development of the retina. of embryonic zebrafish resulted in similar eye problems. Our results suggest that protocadherin-17 plays an important part in the normal formation of the zebrafish retina. ((MO (MOs sequences showed no significant similarities to any sequences (using BLAST) other than zebrafish (GenBank accession quantity: XM 684743). MOs were microinjected into one- to four-cell stage embryos (1.5-3 ng/embryo) in Daneau buffer (58 mM NaCl, 0.7 mM KCl, 0.4 mM MgSO4, 0.6 mM Ca(NO3)2, 5.0 mM HEPES pH 7.6). The zebrafish coding region was amplified with primers comprising EcoRI (5) and XbaI (3) restriction sites and cloned 1st into pCR2.1-TOPO vector (Existence Systems, Carlsbad, CA), followed by cloning into pCS2+MT vector (Dr. Pamela Raymond, the University of Michigan). The pCS2+MT/pcdh17 was verified by restriction digestion and sequencing (Macrogen, Rockville, MD). Capped mRNA was synthesized ...

Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions. Tyr-660 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes. Prevents phagocyte ingestion of closely apposed viable cells by transmitting detachment signals, and changes function on apoptosis, promoting tethering of dying cells to phagocytes (the encounter of a viable cell with a phagocyte via the homophilic interaction of PECAM1 on both cell surfaces leads to the viable cells active repulsion from the phagocyte. During apoptosis, the inside-out signaling of PECAM1 is somehow disabled so that the apoptotic cell does not actively reject the phagocyte anymore. The lack of this repulsion signal together with the interaction of the eat-me signals and their respective receptors causes the attachment of the

Albany, New York, August 9, 2017: Market Research Hub (MRH) has recently highlighted the pipeline landscape of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 in a new report added to its repository, with a title of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (Major Group Rhinovirus Receptor or CD54 or ICAM1) - Pipeline Review, H2 2017. The main purpose of this study is to provide an assessment of the various pipeline targeted therapeutics, together with analysis by indications, stage of development, route of administration (RoA), mechanism of action (MoA) and molecule type. Through this analysis, the readers will gain strategically significant competitor information, analysis and key insights to frame effective R&D strategies.. Request Free Sample Report: http://www.marketresearchhub.com/enquiry.php?type=S&repid=1256874. Initially, this pipeline guide covers intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) overview along with precise information on its therapeutic development. This section provides data on targeted ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Extracellular matrix molecules and cell adhesion molecules induce neurites through different mechanisms. AU - Bixby, J. L.. AU - Jhabvala, P.. N1 - Copyright: Copyright 2007 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.. PY - 1990. Y1 - 1990. N2 - It has recently become clear that both extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins and various cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) can promote neurite outgrowth from primary neurons, though little is known of the intracellular mechanisms through which these signals are transduced. We have previously obtained evidence that protein kinase C function is an important part of the neuronal response to laminin (Bixby, J. L. 1989. Neuron. 3:287-297). Because such CAMs as L1 (Lagenauer, C., and V. Lemmon. 1987. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 84:7753-7757) and N-cadherin (Bixby, J. L. and R. Zhang. 1990. J. Cell Biol. 110:1253-1260) can be purified and used as substrates to promote neurite growth, we have now tested whether the response to CAMs is similarly dependent ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - The shed ectodomain of Nr-CAM stimulates cell proliferation and motility, and confers cell transformation. AU - Conacci-Sorrell, Maralice. AU - Kaplan, Anna. AU - Raveh, Shani. AU - Gavert, Nancy. AU - Sakurai, Takeshi. AU - Ben-Zeev, Avri. PY - 2005/12/15. Y1 - 2005/12/15. N2 - Nr-CAM, a cell-cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule family, known for its function in neuronal outgrowth and guidance, was recently identified as a target gene of β-catenin signaling in human melanoma and colon carcinoma cells and tissue. Retrovirally mediated transduction of Nr-CAM into fibroblasts induces cell motility and tumorigenesis. We investigated the mechanisms by which Nr-CAM can confer properties related to tumor cell behavior and found that Nr-CAM expression in NIH3T3 cells protects cells from apoptosis in the absence of serum by constitutively activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase and AKT signaling pathways. We detected a ...

To evaluate the expression and test the clinical significance of the epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to check the suitability of esophageal SCC patients for Ep-CAM directed targeted therapies. The Ep-CAM expression was immunohistochemically investigated in 70 primary esophageal SCCs using the monoclonal antibody Ber-EP4. For the interpretation of the staining results, we used a standardized scoring system ranging from 0 to 3+. The survival analysis was calculated from 53 patients without distant metastasis, with R0 resection and at least 2 months of clinical follow-up. Ep-CAM neo-expression was observed in 79% of the tumors with three expression levels, 1+ (26%), 2+ (11%) and 3+ (41%). Heterogeneous expression was observed at all expression levels. Interestingly, tumors with 3+ Ep-CAM expression conferred a significantly decreased median relapse-free survival period (log rank, p = 0.0001) and median overall survival (log rank, p = 0.0003).

TY - JOUR. T1 - The role of endothelial cell adhesion molecules in the development of atherosclerosis. AU - Berman, Joan W.. AU - Calderon, Tina M.. PY - 1992/1/1. Y1 - 1992/1/1. N2 - The vascular endothelium serves as a dynamic interface between circulating blood elements and the interstitial tissues. As such, it communicates to cells within the vessel wall as well as to the surrounding tissue, sensing its environment and responding accordingly. The vasculature must maintain a delicate balance when initiating a functional response by producing both proinflammatory and antiinflammatory mediators, vasoconstrictors and vasodilators, growth stimulators and inhibitors, and prothrombogenic and antithrombogenic factors. Any response to injurious agents could lead to pathology. Confounding this complex interplay is the fact that the very response to injury that may have developed to undo the damage may itself be even more deleterious. One response to injury by the endothelium is the new or increased ...

ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: The adhesion protein junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) regulates epithelial cell morphology and migration, and its over-expression has recently been linked with increased risk of metastasis in breast cancer patients. As cell migration is an early requirement for tumor metastasis, we sought to identify the JAM-A signalling events regulating migration in breast cancer cells. METHODS: MCF7 breast cancer cells (which express high endogenous levels of JAM-A) and primary cultures from breast cancer patients were used for this study. JAM-A was knocked down in MCF7 cells using siRNA to determine the consequences for cell adhesion, cell migration and the protein expression of various integrin subunits. As we had previously demonstrated a link between the expression of JAM-A and β1-integrin, we examined activation of the β1-integrin regulator Rap1 GTPase in response to JAM-A knockdown or functional antagonism. To test whether JAM-A, Rap1 and β1-integrin lie in a linear pathway, we

Cells attach to proteoglycans and glycoproteins on the surface of other cells as well as in the extracellular matrix (ECM) substratum via adhesion molecules to define tissue shape, structure, and function. Making and breaking cellular contacts with other cells and the ECM play critical roles in normal processes such as cell growth, division, differentiation, and migration. Cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders and pathophysiological processes such as fibrosis and inflammation require ECM remodeling. Remodeling involves expression of different cell adhesion molecules, altering cellular processes such as migration and polarity. Key ECM proteins include fibronectin, laminin, and collagens as well as metalloproteinases that remodel the ECM. Important cell adhesion genes include integrins, selectins, celladhesion molecule family members (ICAM, ECAM, NCAM, PECAM, and VCAM), and the catenins which link cell adhesion molecules and the cytoskeleton. Analysis of these essential genes may ...

Kit contents: 1. MICROTITER PLATE * 1 2. ENZYME CONJUGATE*1 vial 3. STANDARD A*1 vial 4. STANDARD B*1 vial 5. STANDARD C*1 vial 6. STANDARD D*1 vial 7. STANDARD E*1 vial 8. STANDARD F*1 vial 9. SUBSTRATE A*1 vial 10. SUBSTRATE B*1 vial 11. STOP ...

Phenotype data for mouse gene Epcam. Discover Epcams significant phenotypes, expression, images, histopathology and more. Data for gene Epcam is all freely available for download.

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TY - JOUR. T1 - Chemokine production and adhesion molecule expression by neural cells exposed to IL-1, TNFα and interferon. AU - Chuluyan, H. Eduardo. AU - Lang, Bianca J.. AU - Yoshimura, Teizo. AU - Kenney, John S.. AU - Issekutz, Andrew C.. PY - 1998/10/16. Y1 - 1998/10/16. N2 - We investigated the effect of TNFα, IL-1α and IFNγ on two neuroblastoma (NB) cell lines (SK-N-SH and SK-N-MC). These lines responded differentially to IL-1α, TNFα and IFNγ for MCP-1 and IL-8 production and expression of the ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 adhesion molecules. None of the cytokines induced MCP-1 or 1L-8 on SK-N-MC cells. Both chemokines were produced in response to IL-1α by SK-N-SH cells, while TNFα induced mainly MCP-1 production. Addition of IFNγ decreased IL-8, but not MCP-1 production. These responses correlated with monocyte and neutrophil chemotactic activity in NB culture supernatants. This activity was neutralized by antibodies to IL-8 and MCP-1. The expression of ICAM-1 on SK-N-MC was up-regulated ...

Looking for endothelial leukocyte? Find out information about endothelial leukocyte. : see blood blood, fluid pumped by the heart that circulates throughout the body via the arteries, veins, and capillaries . An adult male of average size... Explanation of endothelial leukocyte

TY - JOUR. T1 - Recognition of the neural chemoattractant netrin-1 by integrins α6β4 and α3β1 regulates epithelial cell adhesion and migration. AU - Yebra, Mayra. AU - Montgomery, Anthony M P. AU - Diaferia, Giuseppe R.. AU - Kaido, Thomas. AU - Silletti, Steve. AU - Perez, Brandon. AU - Just, Margaret L.. AU - Hildbrand, Simone. AU - Hurford, Rosemary. AU - Florkiewicz, Elin. AU - Tessier-Lavigne, Marc. AU - Cirulli, Vincenzo. PY - 2003/11. Y1 - 2003/11. N2 - Netrins, axon guidance cues in the CNS, have also been detected in epithelial tissues. In this study, using the embryonic pancreas as a model system, we show that Netrin-1 is expressed in a discrete population of epithelial cells, localizes to basal membranes, and specifically associates with elements of the extracellular matrix. We demonstrate that α6β4 integrin mediates pancreatic epithelial cell adhesion to Netrin-1, whereas recruitment of α6β4 and α3β1 regulate the migration of CK19+/PDX1+ putative pancreatic progenitors on ...

Catalyzes the polycondensation of alpha-2,8-linked sialic acid required for the synthesis of polysialic acid (PSA), which is present on the embryonic neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM), necessary for plasticity of neural cells.

The diffusion characteristics of BoNT have been well studied in humans7-10 and animals11,12 using a variety of techniques, including compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs) and motor-evoked potentials,7 histological determination of glycogen-depleted muscles,13 acetylcholine esterase staining,14 muscle fiber diameter variability,15 and quantitative electromyography (EMG) measures of muscle activity.16. Evidence for diffusion comes from both animal and human studies. In a study using muscle biopsy to identify spread, Borodic et al.15 reported a diffusion gradient of BoNT/A over a distance of 30-45 mm from the point of injection into latissimus dorsi muscle of rabbits.14 The extent of denervation gradient or diffusion was dose dependent. Another study used neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) staining to assess the diffusion of activity of equipotent doses of three BoNT/A formulations from the point of injection along the mouse hind limb. The results showed a similar time course of paralysis, ...

Chronic inflammation and reduced blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids (n − 3) are known characteristics of sickle cell disease (SCD).The anti-inflammatory properties of n − 3 fatty acids are well recognized.. Omega-3 treated (n = 24), hydroxyurea (HU) treated (n = 18), and n − 3 untreated (n = 21) homozygous SCD patients (HbSS) and healthy (HbAA) controls (n = 25) matched for age (5-16 years), gender and socioeconomic status were studied. According to age (5-10) or (11-16) years, two or three capsules containing 277.8 mg docosahexaenoic (DHA) and 39.0 mg eicosapentaenoic (EPA) or high oleic acid placebo (41%) were assigned to n − 3 treated and n − 3 untreated groups, respectively. Hydroxyurea treated group was on dosage more than 20 mg/kg/day. The effect of supplementation on systemic and blood cell markers of inflammation was investigated.. The n − 3 treated group had higher levels of DHA and EPA (p , 0.001) and lower white blood cell count and monocyte integrin (p , 0.05) compared ...

MMP23 is a member of the matrix metalloprotease family of zinc- and calcium-dependent endopeptidases, which are involved in a wide variety of cellular functions. Its catalytic domain displays a high degree of structural homology with those of other metalloproteases, but its atypical domain architecture suggests that it may possess unique functional properties. The N-terminal MMP23 pro-domain contains a type-II transmembrane domain that anchors the protein to the plasma membrane and lacks the cysteine-switch motif that is required to maintain other MMPs in a latent state during passage to the cell surface. Instead of the C-terminal hemopexin domain common to other MMPs, MMP23 contains a small toxin-like domain (TxD) and an immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule (IgCAM) domain. The MMP23 pro-domain can trap Kv1.3 but not closely-related Kv1.2 channels in the endoplasmic reticulum, preventing their passage to the cell surface, while the TxD can bind to the channel pore and block the passage of

Cancer cell metastasis is one of the most critical steps in tumor development and is responsible for more than 80 of cancer related deaths. Among the molecules involved in promoting cancer metastasis, the role of the cell adhesion molecules, CD44 and CD146 are well known in promoting cancer cell motility and metastasis. Despite this knowledge, the molecular mechanism through which CD44 promotes tumor development and cell metastasis is still nascent. CD146 (MUC 18) was, first identified in highly metastatic melanomas. The absence of CD146 in normal melanocytes and its high expression in melanomas suggests its tumor promoting actions. Despite the association between CD146 expression and development of melanoma, its expression patterns and role in normal and metastatic breast tissues still remains controversial. This study aims to elucidate some of these discrepancies by presenting CD146 as a downstream target for CD44, in a way such that CD146 expression is related to CD44 and regulates the tumor ...

View mouse Madcam1 Chr10:79664559-79668537 with: phenotypes, sequences, polymorphisms, proteins, references, function, expression

We investigated the expression status of periostin in breast cancer stem cells and its clinical implications in order to lay a foundation for managing breast cancer. CD44+/CD24−/line- tumor cells (CSC) from clinical specimens were sorted using flow cytometry. Periostin expression status was detected in CSC cells and 1,086 breast cancer specimens by Western blot and immunohistochemistry staining, with the CSC ratio determined by immunofluorescence double staining. The relationship between the periostin protein and clinico-pathological parameters and prognosis was subsequently determined. As a result, CSC cells are more likely to generate new tumors in mice and cell microspheres that are deficient in NOD/SCID compared to the control group. Periostin protein was expressed higher in CSC cells compared to the control cells and was found to be related to CSC chemotherapy resistance. Moreover, periostin expression was found to be related to the CSC ratio in 1,086 breast cancer specimens (P = 0.001). In total

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the complex lesion that consists of endothelial inflammation, macrophage foam cell formation, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation, and extracellular matrix production. Tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6), an anti-inflammatory protein, was shown to be localized in the artery injury-induced rat neointima. However, the modulatory effect of TSG-6 on atherogenesis has not been reported.. Objective and Methods: This study was performed to evaluate the atheroprotective effects of TSG-6 on human endothelial cells (ECs), human monocyte-derived macrophages, human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), and aortic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-) mice.. Results: TSG-6 was expressed at higher levels in human ECs than monocytes, macrophages, and HASMCs. TSG-6 significantly suppressed oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation associated with reduced expression levels of CD36 and acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase-1 ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Junctional adhesion molecule-A is down-regulated in anaplastic thyroid carcinomas and reduces cancer cell aggressiveness by modulating p53 and GSK3 α/β pathways. AU - Orlandella, Francesca Maria. AU - Mariniello, Raffaela Mariarosaria. AU - Iervolino, Paola Lucia Chiara. AU - Auletta, Luigi. AU - De Stefano, Anna Elisa. AU - Ugolini, Clara. AU - Greco, Adelaide. AU - Mirabelli, Peppino. AU - Pane, Katia. AU - Franzese, Monica. AU - Denaro, Maria. AU - Basolo, Fulvio. AU - Salvatore, Giuliana. PY - 2019/7. Y1 - 2019/7. N2 - Junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) is a transmembrane protein that contributes to different biological process, including the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Through an EMT profiler array, we explored the molecular players associated with human thyroid cancer progression and identified JAM-A as one of the genes mostly deregulated. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry analyses showed that downregulation ...

Lutheran/basal cell adhesion molecule (Lu/BCAM) is a membrane bound glycoprotein. This study was performed to investigate the role and downstream signaling pathway of Lu/BCAM in human bladder tumorigenesis. Five human bladder cancer (E6, RT4, TSGH8301, TCCSUP and J82), one stable mouse fibroblast cell line (NIH-Lu) expressing Lu/BCAM transgene and sixty human uroepithelial carcinoma specimens were analyzed by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IFA) staining, Western blotting and promoter luciferase assay for Lu/BCAM, respectively. The tumorigenicity of Lu/BCAM was demonstrated by focus formation, colony-forming ability, tumour formation, cell adhesion and migration. H-ras V12 was revealed to up-regulate Lu/BCAM at both transcriptional and translation levels. Lu/BCAM expression was detected on the membrane of primary human bladder cancer cells. Over-expression of Lu/BCAM in NIH-Lu stable cells increased focus

To investigate the cellular and molecular signals underlying regulation of cell adhesion molecule expression, the influence of interactions between dorsal root ganglion neurons and Schwann cells on their expression of L1 and N-CAM was quantitated by immunogold electronmicroscopy. The numbers of antibody binding sites on cell surfaces of neurons and glia were compared between pure populations and co-cultures. After 3 d of co-culture, expression of L1 was reduced by 91% on Schwann cells and 36% on neurons, with expression in pure cultures being taken as 100%. N-CAM expression was unchanged on neurons and reduced by 43% on Schwann cells. Within 3 d after removal of neurons from Schwann cell-neuron co-cultures by immunocytolysis, expression of L1 and N-CAM on Schwann cell surfaces increased by 69 and 84%, respectively. Cell surface antigens recognized by an antibody to mouse liver membranes were unchanged in co-cultures. Furthermore, in co-cultures of neurons and sciatic nerve fibroblasts neither of ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Dietary glutamine supplementation reduces cellular adhesion molecule expression and tissue myeloperoxidase activity in mice with gut-derived sepsis. AU - Yeh, Chiu L.. AU - Hsu, Chun-Sen. AU - Yeh, Sung Ling. AU - Lin, Ming Tsan. AU - Chen, Wei J.. PY - 2006/4. Y1 - 2006/4. N2 - Objectives: This study investigated the effects of glutamine (Gln) on plasma intracellular adhesion molecule-1 levels and leukocyte integrin (CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18) expressions in gut-derived sepsis. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in organs were also analyzed to identify the extent of tissue injury resulting from neutrophil infiltration. Methods: Mice were randomly assigned to a normal group (NC), a control group, or a Gln group. The NC group was fed standard chow diet; the control group was fed a common semipurified diet; and the Gln group received a diet in which part of the casein was replaced by Gln, which provided 25% of total amino acid nitrogen. After 3 wk, sepsis was induced by cecal ...

Rosacea is a chronic skin disease characterized by photosensitivity, abnormal dermal vascular behavior, inflammation, and enhanced expression of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37. We observed that dermal endothelial cells in rosacea had an increased expression of VCAM1 and hypothesized that LL-37 could be responsible for this response. The digestion of double-stranded RNA from keratinocytes exposed to UVB blocked the capacity of these cells to induce adhesion molecules on dermal microvascular endothelial cells. However, a synthetic noncoding snoU1RNA was only capable of increasing adhesion molecules on endothelial cells in the presence of LL-37, suggesting that the capacity of UVB exposure to promote both double-stranded RNA and LL-37 was responsible for the endothelial response to keratinocytes. Sequencing of RNA from the endothelial cells uncovered the activation of Gene Ontology (GO) pathways relevant to the human disease, such as type I and II interferon signaling, cell-cell adhesion, ...

During the allergic reaction mucosal T cells are activated and a local increase in numbers occurs. In peripheral blood, a concomitant T cell activation and switch towards memory phenotype appears. E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 were studied in nasal mucosal biopsies taken during a time-course provocation study, including patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and healthy controls. Allergic patients were also studied during the natural pollen season with particular attention to the influence of local corticosteroid treatment. Before provocation allergic patients and controls did not differ concerning the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules. However, the epithelial ICAM-1 expression was increased among allergics (P , 0.05). Repetitive allergen provocation induces an increased endothelial expression of VCAM-1 in allergic patients (P , 0.01). Similarly, VCAM-1 expression was increased during the natural pollen season (P , ...

摘要The malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are believed to derive from germinal center (GC) B cells, but lack expression of a functional B cell receptor. As apoptosis is the normal fate of B-cell receptor negative GC B cells, mechanisms that abrogate apoptosis are thus critical in HL development, such as epigenetic disruption of certain pro-apoptotic cancer genes including tumor suppressor genes. Identifying methylated genes elucidates oncogenic mechanisms and provides valuable biomarkers; therefore, we performed a chemical epigenetic screening for methylated genes in HI. through pharmacological demethylation and expression profiling. IGST4/CADM1/TSLC1, a pro-apoptotic cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, was identified together with other methylated targets. In contrast to its expression in normal GC B cells, IGSF4 was down-regulated and methylated in cell lines, most primary HL, and microdissected HRS cells of 3/5 cases, but not in ...

Shop Junctional adhesion molecule ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Junctional adhesion molecule Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.

The malignant Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are believed to derive from germinal center (GC) B cells, but lack expression of a functional B cell receptor. As apoptosis is the normal fate of B-cell receptor negative GC B cells, mechanisms that abrogate apoptosis are thus critical in HL development, such as epigenetic disruption of certain pro-apoptotic cancer genes including tumor suppressor genes. Identifying methylated genes elucidates oncogenic mechanisms and provides valuable biomarkers; therefore, we performed a chemical epigenetic screening for methylated genes in HI. through pharmacological demethylation and expression profiling. IGST4/CADM1/TSLC1, a pro-apoptotic cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily, was identified together with other methylated targets. In contrast to its expression in normal GC B cells, IGSF4 was down-regulated and methylated in cell lines, most primary HL, and microdissected HRS cells of 3/5 cases, but not in normal ...

Clone REA457 recognizes the mouse Peyers patch adhesion molecule 1 (LPAM-1) antigen, a heterodimeric glycoprotein receptor, which is also known as α4β7 integrin. LPAM-1 is a cell surface adhesion molecule involved in lymphocyte trafficking and lymphocyte-cell and matrix interactions. It is expressed on T and B cells. Lymphocytes in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes have low levels of LPAM-1 expression but can up-regulate their LPAM-1 expression on activation. Cellular ligands include vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and the mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), which is present on high endothelial venules of mucosal lymphoid organs. Interaction of LPAM-1 with MAdCAM-1 allows for tissue-specific migration of circulating lymphocytes into the lamina propria and Peyer patches of the gut. Additional information: Clone REA457 displays negligible binding to Fc receptors. - Lëtzebuerg

During inflammation, neutrophils migrate from the vascular lumen into extravascular sites. In vitro assays have suggested that platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 [PECAM-1 (CD31)], a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is required for the transmigration of neutrophils across endothelial monolayers. Antibody to human PECAM-1, which cross-reacts with rat PECAM-1, was found to block not only in vivo accumulation of rat neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity and the alveolar compartment of the lung but also neutrophil accumulation in human skin grafts transplanted onto immunodeficient mice. On the basis of these findings in three different models of inflammation, it appears that PECAM-1 is required for neutrophil transmigration in vivo and may thus be a potential therapeutic target. ...

BACKGROUND: Reactive astrogliosis is a ubiquitous but poorly understood hallmark of central nervous system pathologies such as trauma and neurodegenerative diseases. In vitro and in vivo studies have identified proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines as mediators of astrogliosis during injury and disease; however, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we identify astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1), a human immunodeficiency virus 1 or tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible oncogene, as a novel modulator of reactive astrogliosis. AEG-1 has engendered tremendous interest in the field of cancer research as a therapeutic target for aggressive tumors. However, little is known of its role in astrocytes and astrocyte-mediated diseases. Based on its oncogenic role in several cancers, here we investigate the AEG-1-mediated regulation of astrocyte migration and proliferation during reactive astrogliosis. METHODS: An in vivo brain injury mouse model was utilized to show AEG-1 induction ...

We have expressed in Escherichia coli the two N-terminal immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). The first 188 residues of ICAM-1 were expressed with an N-terminal methionine (MP188) or as a maltose-binding fusion protein which was cleaved with factor Xa (XP188). After refolding, both MP188 and XP188 were active in binding to the leukocyte integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1, which has previously been shown to bind to the N-terminal Ig domain of ICAM-1. The major group of rhinoviruses and malaria-infected erythrocytes bind to distinct sites within the first Ig-like domain of ICAM-1. Both MP188 and XP188 bound to malaria-infected erythrocytes; however, only XP188 inhibited human rhinovirus plaque formation. A product (MdQ1P188) with the initiation methionine fused to residue 2, i.e., with glutamine 1 deleted, inhibited plaque formation. MdQ1P188 was able to induce a conformational change of the virus capsid as shown by conversion of 149S ...

The NK killing activity is regulated by activating and inhibitory NK receptors. All of the activating ligands identified so far are either viral or stress-induced proteins. The class I MHC proteins are the ligands for most of the inhibitory NK receptors. However, in the past few years, several receptors have been identified that are able to inhibit NK killing independently of class I MHC recognition. We have previously demonstrated the existence of a novel inhibitory mechanism of NK cell cytotoxicity mediated by the homophilic carcinoembryonic Ag (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) interactions. In this study, we demonstrate that CEACAM1 also interacts heterophilically with the CEA protein. Importantly, we show that these heterophilic interactions of CEA and CEACAM1 inhibit the killing by NK cells. Because CEA is expressed on a wide range of carcinomas and commonly used as tumor marker, these results represent a novel role for the CEA protein enabling the escape of tumor cells from NK

Signaling through the leukocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1) molecule has previously been shown to induce homotypic aggregation in T cells and to induce cytoskeletal changes in T lymphoma cells. In this study we describe the induction of a d

The CD11b/CD18 integrin plays a crucial role in cell-cell adhesion processes. Recently, we described a case of severe neonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAIN) caused by an alloantibody against a variant of the CD11b subunit (Mart alloantigen). Allele-specific transfected cells allowed us to demonstrate that an H61R point mutation is directly responsible for the formation of Mart epitopes. No difference in the adhesion capability between H61 and R61 homozygous neutrophils was observed. Functional analysis showed that anti-Mart inhibited Mac-1-dependent adhesion of neutrophils and monocytic U937 cells to fibrinogen, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE), and glycoprotein Ibα but not to junctional adhesion molecule-C or urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR). Accordingly, anti-Mart blocked neutrophil and U937 cell adhesion to endothelial cells and platelet-leukocyte aggregate formation in whole blood under high shear. Other sera of anti-Mart

Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) mediates extravasation of circulating leukocytes into inflamed tissues, and presumably, plays a role in the immigration of cytotoxic effector lymphocytes into tumor metastases. Since metastases are rarely cleared by blood-borne cells from the immune system, we asked whether the tumor may escape host defense by interfering with the mechanism of effector cell extravasation. Here we show that in mice and humans, VCAM-1 expression is repressed on tumor-infiltrating vascular endothelial cells in the lungs. On lung blood vessels distant from the tumor, VCAM-1 is constitutively expressed. When melanoma and endothelioma cells were cultured on either side of a Nucleopore membrane, the expression of VCAM-1 on the endothelioma cells was inhibited and VCAM-1 gene transcription was suppressed. We propose that the downregulation of VCAM-1 is a mechanism by which vascularized melanoma and carcinoma avoid invasion by cytotoxic cells of the immune system. ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Identification of a new carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family member in human fetal liver - Cloning and sequence determination of pregnancy- specific glycoprotein 7. AU - Khan, Wasif Noor. AU - Hammarström, Sten. PY - 1990/4/16. Y1 - 1990/4/16. N2 - The carcinoembryonic antigen gene family consists of the CEA- and the Pregnancy-Specific Glycoprotein- (PSG) subfamilies. Human fetal liver express several PSGs. Here we report cloning and sequencing of a new PSG subfamily member, PSG7. It is the fifth type of PSG found in fetal liver. PSG7 has the N-A1-A2-B2-C domain arrangement. Unlike other PSGs the N-terminal of PSG7 is unblocked. PSG7 has a cysteine in the C-terminal domain, which may allow dimerization. Variability analysis according to Wu and Kabat reveals that the region in the N-domain corresponding to complementarity determining region 3 of immunoglobulin is different between PSG subfamily members. Many members, including PSG7, contain the RGD sequence in this region. The ...

Abstract: The human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori is a major causative agent of gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. As part of its adhesive lifestyle, the bacterium targets members of the carcinoembryonic antigen‐related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family by the conserved outer membrane adhesin HopQ. The HopQ-CEACAM1 interaction is associated with inflammatory responses and enables the intracellular delivery and phosphorylation of the CagA oncoprotein via a yet unknown mechanism. Here, we generated crystal structures of HopQ isotypes I and II bound to the N‐terminal domain of human CEACAM1 (C1ND) and elucidated the structural basis of H. pylori specificity toward human CEACAM receptors. Both HopQ alleles target the β‐strands G, F, and C of C1ND, which form the trans dimerization interface in homo‐ and heterophilic CEACAM interactions. Using SAXS, we show that the HopQ ectodomain is sufficient to induce C1ND monomerization and thus providing H. pylori a route ...

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Second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-3 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 3), nectin-4 (poliovirus receptor related protein 4) and similar proteins. Ig2_Nectin-3-4_like: domain similar to the second immunoglobulin (Ig) domain of nectin-3 (also known as poliovirus receptor related protein 3) and nectin-4 (poliovirus receptor related protein 4). Nectin-3 and nectin-4 belong to the nectin family comprised of four transmembrane glycoproteins (nectins-1 through 4). Nectins are synaptic cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) which facilitate adhesion and signaling at various intracellular junctions. Nectins form homophilic cis-dimers, followed by homophilic and heterophilic trans-dimers involved in cell-cell adhesion. Nectin-2 and nectin-3 localize at Sertoli-spermatid junctions where they form heterophilic trans-interactions between the cells that are essential for the formation and maintenance of the junctions and for spermatid development. Nectin-3 has also been shown to form a ...

Cells attach to proteoglycans and glycoproteins on the surface of other cells as well as in the extracellular matrix (ECM) substratum via adhesion molecules to define tissue shape, structure, and function. Making and breaking cellular contacts with other cells and the ECM play critical roles in normal processes such as cell growth, division, differentiation, and migration. Cardiovascular and central nervous system disorders and pathophysiological processes such as fibrosis and inflammation require ECM remodeling. Remodeling involves expression of different cell adhesion molecules, altering cellular processes such as migration and polarity. Key ECM proteins include fibronectin, laminin, and collagens as well as metalloproteinases that remodel the ECM. Important cell adhesion genes include integrins, selectins, celladhesion molecule family members (ICAM, ECAM, NCAM, PECAM, and VCAM), and the catenins which link cell adhesion molecules and the cytoskeleton. Analysis of these essential genes may ...

Rationale: Besides their essential role in hemostasis, platelets also have functions in inflammation. In platelets, junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A was previously identified as an inhibitor of integrin αIIbβ3-mediated outside-in signaling and its genetic knockdown resulted in hyperreactivity. Objective: This gain-of-function was specifically exploited to investigate the role of platelet hyperreactivity in plaque development. Methods and Results:: JAM-A-deficient platelets showed increased aggregation and c-Src activation. Upon αIIbβ3 ligation, JAM-A was shown to be dephosphorylated, which could be prevented by PTPN1 inhibition. Mice with or without platelet-specific (tr)JAM-A-deficiency in an apolipoprotein e (apoe-/-) background were fed a high-fat diet. After up to 12 weeks of diet, trJAM-A-/- apoe-/- mice showed increased aortic plaque formation compared with trJAM-A+/+ apoe-/- controls and these differences were most evident at early time points. At 2 weeks, the plaques of the ...

Our aim was to compare hazards of particles from combustion of biodiesel blends and conventional diesel (D(100)) in old and improved engines. We determined DNA damage in A549 cells, mRNA levels of CCL2 and IL8 in THP-1 cells, and expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in human umbilical cord endothelial cells (HUVECs). Viability and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were investigated in all cell types. We collected particles from combustion of D(100) and 20% (w/w) blends of animal fat or rapeseed oil methyl esters in light-duty vehicle engines complying with Euro2 or Euro4 standards. Particles emitted from the Euro4 engine were smaller in size and more potent than particles emitted from the Euro2 engine with respect to ROS production and DNA damage, but similarly potent concerning cytokine mRNA expression. Particles emitted from combustion of biodiesel blends were larger in size, and less or equally potent than particles emitted from combustion of D(100) concerning ROS production, DNA damage ...

A role for an autoimmune process has been proposed in the pathogenesis of PAH-SSc. Antifibrillarin antibodies (anti-U3-RNP) are frequently found in PAH-SSc patients (65), and the poorly characterized anti-endothelial cell antibodies (AECAs) correlate with digital infarcts (66). Antibodies to fibrin-bound tissue plasminogen activator in patients with limited cutaneous SSc (67) and in IPAH patients with HLA-DQ7 antigen (68) and antitopoisomerase II-α antibodies, particularly in association with HLA-B35 antigen (69), are found in PAH-SSc. Nicolls et al. (5) suggested that AECAs-which can activate ECs, induce the expression of adhesion molecules, and trigger apoptosis-play a role in PAH pathogenesis. In vitro experiments using autoantibodies from patients with connective tissue diseases (anti-U1-RNP and -dsDNA) can upregulate adhesion molecules (e.g., endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1) and histocompatibility complex class II molecules on human PA ECs (70), suggesting that an inflammatory ...

L-Arginine reduces human monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and decreases expression of certain endothelial cell adhesion molecules.

We have distinguished five TNF-alpha-inducible cell adhesion mechanisms on microvasculature-derived endothelioma cells of the mouse which mediate the binding of different types of leukocytes. Three of these mechanisms could be identified as the mouse homologs of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin, of which the latter was defined by the novel mAb 21KC10. The fourth TNF-alpha-inducible cell adhesion mechanism was blocked by antibodies specific for mouse P-selectin. We have recently shown that TNF-alpha stimulates the synthesis of P-selectin in mouse endothelioma cells (A. Weller, S. Isenmann, D. Vestweber. 1992. J. Biol. Chem. 267:15176-15183). Here we show that this stimulation leads to maximal cell surface expression levels within 4 h after stimulation while the same endothelioma cells are also able to upregulate P-selectin at the cell surface within minutes after stimulation with PMA. Both effects are additive. The fifth TNF-induced cell adhesion mechanism is defined by mediating the binding to the ...

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is a 90 kd inducible surface glycoprotein that promotes adhesion in immunological and inflammatory reactions. ICAM-1 is a ligand of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), an alpha beta complex that is a member of the integrin family of cell-cell and cell-matrix receptors. ICAM-1 is encoded by an inducible 3.3 kb mRNA. The amino acid sequence specifies an integral membrane protein with an extracellular domain of 453 residues containing five immunoglobulin-like domains. Highest homology is found with neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), which also contain five Ig-like domains. NCAM and MAG are nervous system adhesion molecules, but unlike ICAM-1, NCAM is homophilic. The ICAM-1 and LFA-1 interaction is heterophilic and unusual in that it is between members of the immunoglobulin and intergrin families. Unlike other integrin ligands, ICAM-1 does not contain an RGD sequence.

In this study, we have identified two novel homozygous mutations from 3 unrelated GDLD patients with a phenotype well co-segregated with the genotype within their respective families. The insertional mutation of TACSTD2 that was found in 2 of the GDLD patients may have resulted from a flame-shift amino acid alteration with premature termination (p.Ile281SerfsX23) within the transmembrane domain. A substitutive mutation found in 1 of the GDLD patients may have resulted from a nonsense mutation (p.Tyr225X) within a region between the thyroglobulin type-1 and transmembrane domains. The transmembrane domain should support the hydrophobic scaffold which may be fundamental to the membrane binding property of this protein. However, and as far as we know, such a domain structure is only a computationally speculated model from the primary amino acid structure of this protein. Therefore, the subcellular localization of both the wild-type and mutated TACSTD2 proteins was experimentally determined in this ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Intercellular adhesion molecule inhibitors as potential therapy for refractory uveitic macular edema. AU - Wang, Jianmin. AU - Ibrahim, Mohamed. AU - Turkcuoglu, Peykan. AU - Hatef, Elham. AU - Khwaja, Afsheen. AU - Channa, Roomasa. AU - Do, Diana V. AU - Nguyen, Quan Dong. PY - 2010/10/1. Y1 - 2010/10/1. N2 - Purpose: To describe the bioactivity of an intercellular adhesion molecule inhibitor (efalizumab) in a patient with refractory uveitic macular edema. Methods: A 55-year-old man presented with idiopathic autoimmune uveitis and associated macular edema, which could not be controlled by regional and systemic corticosteroid and selected immunomodulatory therapy. Efalizumab was administered as subcutaneous injections. Results: After 37 weekly injections of efalizumab, the uveitic macular edema was successfully eliminated. Six months following discontinuation of efalizumab, there were no signs of recurrent inflammation. Conclusion: Further investigation of the role of ...

Background CD200 is a transmembrane protein expressed on multiple cell types (e.g. thymocytes, activated T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells). It regulates antitumor immunity and its overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). A soluble variant of CD200 (sCD200) is detectable in human serum, and an elevated serum level was shown in patients with CLL.. Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between the levels of CD200 and clinical staging in patients with CLL.. Subjects and methods The study included 50 patients, divided into two groups. The patient group included 30 de-novo patients with CLL (18 men and 12 women), whose age ranged from 49 to 70 years with a mean±SD of 57.82±4.94 years. They were classified according to the modified Rai staging system into three classes: (a) low-risk patients, which included seven cases (stage 0); (b) intermediate-risk patients, which included eight cases (stages I and ...

This application note analyzes the role of different adhesion molecules and chemokines involved in various stages of inflammation under physiological flow conditions. Using Cellixs biochips and Mirus pumping system, THP-1, monocyte and PBMC adhesion to VCAM-1; THP-1, monocyte and PBMC rolling on E-selectin; and respective adhesion blockades is investigated. THP-1 adhesion to HUVECs, correlating adhesion assay results with adhesion molecule expression levels on HUVECs from flow cytometry data, i

Cell adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical to various cellular processes like cell spreading, migration, growth and apoptosis. At the tissue level, cell adhesion is important in the pathological and physiological processes that regulate the tissue morphogenesis. Cell adhesion to the ECM is primarily mediated by the integrin family of receptors. The receptors that are recruited to the surface are reinforced by structural and signaling proteins at the adhesive sites forming focal adhesions that connect the cytoskeleton to further stabilize the adhesions. The functional roles of these focal adhesions extend beyond stabilizing adhesions and transduce mechanical signals at the cell-ECM interface in various signaling events. The objective of this research is to analyze the role of the spatial distribution of the focal adhesions in stabilizing the cell adhesion to the ECM in relation to cells internal force balance. The central hypothesis was that peripheral focal adhesions stabilize cell

Here we observed that Pn contributes to the cardiac hypertrophic response, an observation that was not anticipated, given its primary function as an ECM cellular adhesion protein. That a cellular adhesion protein might affect the cardiac hypertrophic response is not without precedence, especially given the known importance of integrins in regulating cardiac reactive signaling4,35 and given the known role of Pn as a substrate for multiple combinations of integrins. For example, both focal adhesion kinase and integrin-linked kinase, which are intracellular signaling components of the integrin complex, function as important regulators of the cardiac hypertrophy response.36,37 Indeed, mice lacking the protein osteopontin, which is another cardiac inducible and secreted ECM protein that binds integrins, showed less pressure overload hypertrophy compared with wild-type mice.38 Based on these results, it is tempting to speculate that Pn alters the cardiac hypertrophic response by affecting signaling ...

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A-CAM (adherens-junction-specific cell adhesion molecule) is a calcium-dependent adhesion molecule which is associated with intercellular adherens junctions in various tissues (Volk & Geiger, 1986, J. Cell Biol. 103, 1441-1450 and 1451-1464). In the present report, we have investigated the distribution of A-CAM during avian morphogenesis by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting. A-CAM appeared at the onset of gastrulation on developing mesodermal and endodermal cells and was then expressed on tissues derived from the three primary germ layers. During embryonic life, A-CAM was constitutively expressed in a number of tissues including the central and peripheral nervous system, myocardium, muscles, notochord, skin and lens whereas it was found transiently in many tissues ranging from the nephritic tubules and the endoderm of visceral arches to ectodermal placodes. In the adult, in addition to the nervous system, A-CAM was restricted to the skin, lens, heart and testis, and exhibited an ...

TY - JOUR. T1 - Functional association between expression of adhesion molecules and marrow repopulating potential of primitive murine hematopoietic progenitor cells (hpc). AU - Travcpff, C. M.. AU - Voder, M. C.. AU - Hiatt, K.. AU - Srour, Edward. PY - 1997. Y1 - 1997. N2 - A number of adhesion molecules have been implicated in the ability of transplanted hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) to engraft. We investigated whether the expression, or lack thereof, of CD11 a, CD43, CD44, CD49d, CD49e, and CD62L on Sca-1 + lin- cells augments or diminishes the bone marrow (BM) repoputatlng potential of these cells. A total of 103 Sca-l+ lin X+ or Sca-1+ lin X- cells (where X is any of the 6 molecules mentioned above) from B6.Hbbd congenic mice were competitively transplanted along with 3 x 104 C57/BI6 low density BM cells into fethally irradiated C57/BI6 recipients. In the event where all analyzed Sca-1+ Ifrr cells were positive for the expression of a particular adhesion molecule (CD44 and CD49d), Sca-1 ...

The carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family is composed of 29 genes tandemly arranged on chromosome 19q13.2. Based on nucleotide homologies, these genes are classified into 2 major subfamilies, the CEACAM and the pregnancy-specific glycoprotein (PSG) subgroups. The CEACAM-encoded proteins include CEA, CEACAM1, and other CEA gene members . CEACAM1 (Carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 1; also BGP1, CD66a), is involved in the regulation of important biological processes, such asinsulin homeostasis , angiogenesis, and modulation of the immune response.. ...

Epithelial cell adhesion molecule EpCAM is a transmembrane glycoprotein, which is frequently over-expressed in simple epithelia, progenitors, embryonic and tissue stem cells, carcinoma and cancer-initiating cells. Besides functioning as a homophilic adhesion protein, EpCAM is an oncogenic receptor that requires regulated intramembrane proteolysis for activation of its signal transduction capacity. Upon cleavage, the extracellular domain EpEX is released as a soluble ligand while the intracellular domain EpICD translocates into the cytoplasm and eventually into the nucleus in combination with four-and-a-half LIM domains protein 2 (FHL2) and β-catenin, and drives cell proliferation. EpCAM cleavage, induction of the target genes, and transmission of proliferation signals were investigated under varying density conditions using confocal laser scanning microscopy, immunoblotting, cell counting, and conditional cell systems. EpCAM cleavage, induction of the target genes, and transmission of proliferation

In the 9 years since the last review on leukocyte and endothelial interactions was published in this journal many of the critical structures involved in leukocyte adherence to and migration across endothelium have been elucidated. With the advent of cell and molecular biology approaches, investigations have progressed from the early descriptions by intravital microscopy and histology, to functional and immunologic characterization of adhesion molecules, and now to the development of genetically deficient animals and the first phase I trial of anti-adhesion therapy in humans. The molecular cloning and definition of the adhesive functions of the leukocyte integrins, endothelial members of the Ig gene superfamily, and the selectins has already provided sufficient information to construct an operative paradigm of the molecular basis of leukocyte emigration. The regulation of these adhesion molecules by chemoattractants, cytokines, or chemokines, and the interrelationships of adhesion pathways need ...

Ankyrin-binding proteins related to nervous system cell adhesion molecules: candidates to provide transmembrane and intercellular connections in adult brain.

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1, CD54) is a ligand for the integrins lymphocyte function associated-1 (LFA-1, CD11a/CD18) and complement receptor-3 (Mac-1, CD11b/CD18) making it an important participant in many immune and inflammatory processes. Modified recombinant soluble ICAM-1 formed dimers. This result indicated that the ectodomain of ICAM-1 contains homophilic interaction sites. Soluble ICAM-1 dimers bind to solid-phase purified LFA-1 with high avidity (dissociation constant [Kd] = 8 nM) in contrast to soluble ICAM-1 monomers whose binding was not measurable. Cell surface ICAM-1 was found to be dimeric based on two distinct criteria. First, a monoclonal antibody specific for monomeric soluble ICAM-1, CA7, binds normal ICAM-1 poorly at the cell surface; this antibody, however, binds strongly to two mutant forms of ICAM-1 when expressed at the cell surface, thus identifying elements required for dimer formation. Second, chemical cross-linking of cell surface ICAM-1 on transfected cells and